专题05 阅读理解七选五
高频话题01 方法/策略
Passage 1
（2025·江苏无锡·期终教学质量调研（一模）
How to Make Eye Contact
Making eye contact can be tricky, especially if you are shy, or nervous. But good eye-contact is important for
building trust and engaging an audience. 1
Turning your shoulders and head to face the other person’s eyes.
Opening up your body to the other person helps to tell him you are listening, engaged, and ready to
communicate. 2 Position yourself a few feet away from the other person’s face, which ensures a
respectful distance while still maintaining a sense of closeness.
Choosing a focal point near the eyes.
Most commonly, this is one of the other person’s eyes. But if you do feel uncomfortable, you can also avoid
their eyes in a wise way. 3 You can also choose to look under or above the eyes, or at a certain point
around the ear. Bear in mind that maintaining eye contact with the help of an appropriate focal point is an
effective way to show sincerity.
4
Think of how you would look at a painting or great view — you are not focusing intently on them, but
instead looking at them gently. So, relax your gaze (注视) by breathing slowly as you make gentle eye-contact and
nodding occasionally while you listen.
Breaking eye contact briefly every 5-15 seconds.
5 While you don’t need to count the seconds, you should look away every once in a while to keep
the conversation light and easy, but only for a few seconds. Some casual ways to do so include: laughing, nodding,
and acknowledging the other person; looking at the sky; looking off to the side briefly, as if remembering
something or running your hands through your hair.
A．Making gentle eye-contact.
B．Looking between their eyes is a good choice.
C．It also makes eye contact more natural to maintain.
D．Below are the reasons why you should make eye contact.
E．Avoiding hesitant eye contact in a formal and important meeting.
F．Too much eye-contact can be as uncomfortable as none at all.
G．All it takes is a little practice to confidently hold someone’s gaze.
Passage 2
（2025·江苏泰州·一模）
With the semester approaching its end, sophomores (高二学生) are faced with three significant exams.
These include the information technology high school academic proficiency test, the general high school academic
proficiency qualification test, and the final joint examination of key high schools in Yancheng. 6 .
For the review content arrangement, it is essential that students make a detailed plan. What comes first is
the information technology exam. 7 . It is recommended that they spend sufficient time on operating
different software and understanding their functions. For the academic proficiency qualification test, a
comprehensive review of all subjects is necessary, especially those fundamental concepts and formulas ( 公式)
that act as the building blocks of knowledge. As for the joint examination, it is advisable that they summarize the
knowledge learned during the semester and practice with mock tests.
Psychological adjustment is equally important. It is necessary that students keep a calm and positive
attitude. 8 . Instead, they can take short breaks during study, which can help them to regain energy. Deep
breathing exercises or listening to soft music can be effective stress relievers.
In terms of time planning, students need to allocate their time reasonably. 9 . For example, in the
early morning, when the mind is as fresh as a daisy, they can focus on memorizing theoretical knowledge. In the
afternoon, they can engage in exercises and mock tests to strengthen their understanding and application abilities.
In conclusion, only by carefully arranging the review content, effectively adjusting the psychological state,
and wisely planning the time can students be well-prepared to face these three important exams and achieve
satisfactory results. 10 .
A．Through such efforts they can hope to move forward on their academic journey
B．They need to make a schedule showing the particular time for each subject and exam
C．The methods of review and preparation are far from being crucial
D．All these exams are like crucial battlegrounds for their academic progress
E．What requires their focus is the practical skills and theoretical knowledge
F．By no means should they be overwhelmed by stress and anxiety
G．A large amount of time should be devoted to key subjects
Passage 3
(2025 江苏省南京市、盐城市高三上学期一模)
Achieving Success in Journalistic News Writing
No book, article or blog post can turn an ambitious writer into a successful journalist. All that it can do is to
help the writer learn to write. The primary skill in learning to write is practice. 11
Among the most convenient subjects are the events and news in the world around us. Such topics are what
skilled journalists write about, and that is why we call this form of writing “journalistic writing”.
Journalistic writing is not a special literary gymnastics that requires a special talent and an expansive
vocabulary. 12 It is using language to tell what is going on in the world. As such, it requires no special
talent beyond seeing and understanding what is taking place around us, to grasp its significance and relation to
other events, and to tell others what we have seen and heard.
13 One of the chief characteristics is timeliness and relevance. It has little time to talk about the
past, except in comparison with the present. It has little time to foretell the future, except in pointing out the
significance of the present. Its subject is today. It is primarily concerned with facts. The writer considers himself a
recorder of the things other persons are doing and thinking.
Another basic part of journalistic writing is that the writer prepares it for a definite purpose. Some writers,
like novelists, write to use beautiful words and sentences. 14 However, the writer who favors a
journalistic style uses English simply to tell what he has seen and heard; he realizes that his reader cares more for
the things he tells than for the way in which he tells and expresses them.
Success in journalistic writing demands two important skills. One is the inborn skill to see and understand.
The other is the skill to tell what the writer has seen in a way that makes the reader see the same thing. 15
If the writer is eager to excel, he must expand his knowledge and education so he can better understand and
evaluate the things he sees and hears.
A．It will not do them any good to write news items.
B．To these imaginative literary writers, they favor expression.
C．To practice writing, one must have something to write about.
D．An ambitious writer can develop both skills if he lacks them.
E．The writer must write it now or never―without giving up quality.
F．Journalistic writing differs mainly in its subject matter and purpose.
G．Instead, it is the plainest, most reserved form of English composition.
Passage 4
(2025 安徽省淮北市和淮南市高三上学期第一次质量检测)
Call or Email: Which One Should You Use?
Should you call or email?
16
. Phone calls tend to be more personal and collaborative, but they make
some people feel anxious. Email can be an efficient way to communicate information, but there can be delays in
response time. We’re here to explain when calling is better and when emailing is better.
Instances When Calling is Better
17
, if you send an email. If the matter is urgent, it’s best to pick up the phone. If you have a complex issue
to discuss, call. Delay in response can be a problem. Email can get you into a time-consuming back-and-forth,
whereas a quick phone call could clear everything up within a few minutes. If you need to discuss a sensitive
matter with someone, call them to avoid miscommunications.
18
, because you can’t hear their voice,
which can lead to misunderstandings.
Instances When Email is Better
19
, if you have a simple matter to discuss. When you write an email, you have the option of sending
it to multiple addresses at one time. Email allows you to think things through as you write. Maybe you need to
send a long monthly update to your coworkers. Or, maybe someone has sent you a document and asked for input,
and you’ve come up with thorough feedback. 2
0
.
A．A phone call is the best
B．An email could be the right call
C．It is easier to misread over email
D．It totally depends on the situation
E．It may take a while to get a response
F．It’s a documented record of conversations
G．Email is the right choice in these situations
Passage 5
（2025·福建厦门高中毕业班第一次质量检测）
In psychology, the word “prove” is used carefully, much like a painter applies each brushstroke (笔触) with
great care. Unlike the strong conclusions in physical sciences, psychological research builds a bigger picture
through many small studies. 2
1
His discovery was not a sudden breakthrough but the result of hard and
detailed work.
Similarly, Elizabeth Loftus’s research doubts how accurate witness reports are. Instead of calling it
“unreliable,” researchers use terms like “potential unreliability.” 2
2
So, they use words like
“demonstrate” and “suggest” to show the uncertainty in their conclusions.
2
3
Instead, I teach my students to think critically about how to use it, much like a gardener who
cares for plants. When students first use the word, I encourage them to think about factors that could challenge
their conclusions. For example, I might ask them, “How do we know that not all participants had false memories?”
Or, for French students, “Why might these findings not apply to French culture?”
This approach helps students grasp the complexity of psychological research and develop critical thinking
skills. It encourages them to reflect and analyze, helping them communicate their findings with accuracy. 2
4
In psychology, “proving” something is like building a symphony.
25
In education, teaching critical
thinking and clear language use is essential for understanding the core of psychological research.
A．This indicates that findings might change.
B．In my classroom, I do not ban the word “prove.”
C．Each piece of evidence adds to a larger understanding.
D．Psychological theories are often revised as new evidence emerges.
E．As a teacher, I often remind my students to use this word appropriately.
F．This method also builds appreciation for the depth of psychological inquiry.
G．For example, Eric Kandel spent years studying sea animals to learn how memory works.
Passage 6
（2025 江西省高三下学期2 月一模联考英语试题）
Phones hold so much of our digital lives. If your phones get stolen or lost, you can face major problems. 26
It’s vital to set passwords to your phones. There should be passwords for all your important apps, including
your emails, social media accounts, bank accounts, and photos. 2
7
Some police forces and phone
companies advise turning off message previews. This prevents thieves trying to break into your accounts when the
phone is locked.
If you are unlucky enough to have your phone stolen, report it to the police. Call your insurance company if
you have a policy that covers the device.
28
In this case they can freeze your number and issue a
replacement SIM card. Inform your bank so they can watch out for unusual financial activity.
29
This service will show your phone’s current or last known location on a map. The service is also
handy if you cannot find your phone somewhere in the house. You can get the phone to play a sound, even if it is
on silent. If the device shows up in an unfamiliar location on the map, and you suspect it has been stolen, it’s
better to contact the police.
If you cannot find your phone, there’re some final steps to take. Withdraw from all your accounts that are
accessible on the phone and try to disable them. 3
0
Finally, you can erase the phone remotely so that
there is no chance of any data falling into the wrong hands.
A．Inform your phone service providers.
B．Turn on newer features like the remote control.
C．Try to find your phone with the find-my-device service.
D．Then remove your phone from your list of trusted devices.
E．The number can link you to the phone if it gets recovered.
F．They can discourage others from trying to enter your phones.
G．You can take some steps before and after your phone goes missing.
Passage 7
（2025 河南省安阳市高三上学期一模）
As we all know, not all thoughts are welcome. Intrusive ( 入侵的) thoughts often emerge as unwanted
visitors, disrupting our minds. They are involuntary and unwanted mental ideas or urges that pop into our minds
without invitation.
3 1
.
Most people experience intrusive thoughts from time to time. For example, if someone is driving, they
might have an urge to drive off a bridge. Most people know they would never do such things and don’t pay much
attention to them.
3 2
. And they worry that these thoughts will come true or cause them to do something
terrible. This can lead to them performing compulsions (强制行为) to try and reduce their anxiety.
Fortunately, there are strategies to deal with intrusive thoughts.
Accept them. Accept and allow the thoughts into your mind.
3 3
. Try to just observe them and
allow time to pass. Remember that intrusive thoughts are normal, and just having a thought doesn’t make it come
true.
3 4
. We know it’s difficult sometimes! Developing a sympathetic mindset toward yourself can do
so much against unwanted thoughts, though. Treat yourself with the same kindness you would offer to a friend
going through a similar struggle.
Stay present. The more present you are in the “here and now”, the less power you’re giving to these
nagging fears and negative thoughts. You can try some grounding exercises, such as focusing on your breath.
3 5
.
A．Love yourself
B．Don’t try to push them away
C．Never be too hard on yourself
D．However, some people become troubled by their intrusive thoughts
E．They can be anything that a person finds inconsistent with their values
F．That can help bring your attention back and break the cycle of intrusive thoughts
G．People who have such terrible experiences may be easy to have intrusive thoughts
Passage 8
（2025 河南省焦作市博爱县第一中学高三上学期一模）
An old study in the advertising literature found that we’re more likely to read advertisements for the
products we have bought, even if they have proved to be “lemons”, or useless. This phenomenon also applies to
our decision-making process. Humans sometimes make bad choices and stick with them despite negative
consequences.
3 6
But in general bad choices have to do with acting out of emotion and not out of
reason. Strong emotions can cloud our thinking and lead us down one rabbit hole after another.
Doubling down on a bad choice may also relate to our self-esteem and the ability to admit mistakes.
Narcissists(自恋者) usually won’t admit a mistake because it contradicts their self-image. But the fact is that many
of us aren’t narcissistic.
3 7
Even when trapped in a bad relationship, we may still stick with it, hoping
things will eventually change for the better.
Resilience involves managing strong emotions and preventing them from fully dictating our decisions.
Considering emotion is important, enthusiasm for something can move us forward, but it can also block our vision.
3 8
While relying solely on our “gut feeling” can be helpful, it works best when we use our head, integrating
intuitive insights with logical thinking.
Doubling down is generally unwise. We need to acknowledge our errors and be willing to say we’re sorry
and apologize.
3 9
In fact, it’s smarter than denying mistakes. By admitting them, we learn valuable
lessons and promote personal growth. Recognizing when to cut our losses is crucial, allowing us to pursue new
opportunities with confidence.
4 0
A．And we often struggle with this.
B．The reasons for that are complex.
C．Make our decisions with full passion.
D．There is nothing wrong with doing this.
E．So stop trying to make lemonade from bad lemons.
F．The more errors you make, the more you will learn.
G．We should consider what’s right, not just what feels right.
Passage 9
（2025 广东省大湾区普通高中毕业班联合模拟考试(一)）
Meeting minutes are the official summary of what happened during a meeting. They serve as an outline, a
written record for anyone unable to attend, and to use for future reference. 41
So how to write meeting
minutes? Here are the basics you should follow.
Be concise (简明的).
42
As the minutes taker, your job is to document what is happening at the meeting. This is a written
record that covers just the main points. You don’t need an exact accounting of everything that is said.
Just note the facts.
Avoid personal observations when writing meeting minutes. If you want to take separate notes of your own,
you are welcome to do so.
43
Some of this is boring information to keep track of: meeting names, date and
time, action items and decisions made. But later on, those meeting notes may contain essential information to
keep everyone on the same page about what happened during that meeting.
44
With meeting minutes, it’s important to write down who attended the meeting, but also who didn’t, so
there is no confusion about who may have discussed or voted on an issue.
Use a template (模版) for the right format.
If you’re writing formal meeting minutes, follow a certain format. For trade unions, schools, city and county
governments, and others, you may need to follow Robert’s Rules of Order. While writing informal meeting
minutes, you have more flexibility. Think of what your organization needs, and what’s been done in the past.
45
A．Note who is unable to attend.
B．Then improve on that process.
C．Don’t include personal thoughts or observations.
D．Your creative writing skills must take a back seat.
E．But the meeting minutes should be a factual record of what was discussed.
F．These notes typically highlight the key issues that were discussed at the meeting.
G．When written well, meeting minutes are a critical communication tool for your organization.
Passage 10
（2025·浙江金华·一模）
The average American generates five pounds of trash per day, according to the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency. Some of it gets recycled but most of it ends up in landfills. 46
Do a trash examination. Check what you' re throwing away by writing a list of the trash you produce. 47
You might write “used wipes and paper towels” under “nursery” or “food waste and metal cans” under “cooking”.
This will help you grasp the extent of the trash you create and find ways to cut it,
Save what you can. See if there's anything you can save before throwing it in the trash. Maybe you can mend
an old pair of jeans instead of buying a new pair. Or maybe you can cut up old T-shirts into rag. 48 If you
have a bunch of overripe bananas, put it in the freezer to make banana bread later.
Rely less on pre-packaged foods. Often, food comes in wasteful packaging. Usually, some drinks come in
plastic containers that may not be easy to recycle. So source your food in ways that don't require you to get it from
a package. 49 Instead of buying oat milk in a non-recyclable container, make it at home and store it in a jar,
removing the packaging waste.
50 Once you start noticing how much trash you produce at home, you' ll start to cut down on trash
elsewhere. Bring your own reusable fork to a restaurant that uses single-use plastic tools, Or ask the waiter in a
coffee bar to fill up your coffee mug instead of a paper cup.
A．Cut down on rubbish in your daily life.
B．That means making some of your own food.
C．Look for ways to cut waste outside the home.
D．Organize your list by the rooms in your house or by activity.
E．Besides, think about how you can creatively save your leftovers.
F．By doing so you can make the rooms in your house clean and tidy.
G．Fortunately, you can live a low-waste lifestyle by redesigning your behavior.
Passage 11
（2025·浙江温州·一模）
How to Overcome the Harmful Habit of Judging
You’ve done it. I’ve done it. We all do it— we all sometimes pass judgment on others when their behavior
doesn’t meet our standards. Clothing choices, how people spend their free time, job skills— the list of possible
things to judge is endless.
51 While you may not consciously label them as such, you are familiar with nonverbals that
convey judgment: pursed lips, raised eyebrows, crossed arms, tipping head to literally look down upon another.
We judge others to protect our own self-images. But that protection comes at a price. 52 And with it
comes defensiveness, prejudice, and hostility(敌意). Judgment is just a dressed-up version of shame. We put the
shame on to someone else so that we don’t have to feel our own.
To overcome judgment, you should shore up your self-worth. If you are grounded in confidence and value
yourself, you are less likely to be judgmental. Remind yourself when you feel judged by others, it’s a reflection of
their own battle with shame, not who or what you are. Yes, you make mistakes and sometimes behave badly. 53
You grow, learn, and improve. You accomplish and achieve and win. You are valuable and worthy even when you
fall short.
When you accept your flaws(缺陷) and mistakes and still see yourself as a worthwhile human being in spite
of them, you can in turn accept other flawed human beings, too. 54
Judging others creates a false sense of self-worth. If you find yourself doing it, stop. 55 But do
take a look in the mirror. Where do you need shoring up? It takes some thoughtfulness and work, but you’ll have
better relationships, improved trust, more creativity, and greater influence when you stop judging others and start
valuing yourself.
A．Don’t beat yourself up for it.
B．Shame hits you from many angles.
C．But you are more than your mistakes.
D．You’ve been on the receiving end, too.
E．Judgment costs creativity, curiosity, and trust.
F．At the core is the feeling of not being good enough.
G．The more you like and accept yourself, the less you have to put others down.
Passage 12
（2025·浙江嘉兴·一模）
With travel on the rise, more families are planning to take their home life on the road, whether it’s for a
weekend or a longer trip. Traveling with kids can be stressful—with all those suitcases and cries of “Are we there
yet?” 56
Involving young children in planning a trip might sound silly, but it’s far more valuable than it seems. “You
shouldn’t expect a 4-year-old to spend eight hours in museums,” says Waldon, a family travel expert. “It’s really
smart for parents to think like their kid and realize, ‘ 57 ’” That attitude helps parents avoid terrible
situations that may ruin the day.
58 If a little one is into dinosaurs, perhaps you’ll want to check out a city’s Natural History
Museum. If they love animals, maybe there’s a way to include a visit to a farm or an aquarium (水族馆).
One of Waldon’s favourite ways to get younger kids excited about a trip is reading. “Books are perfect for
little armchair travellers,” she says. “ 59 ” Before a recent trip to Puerto Rico, Waldon read her kids a book
about a frog native to the island. Afterwards, her daughters got really excited to hear this little frog singing at night.
People often think the trip is going to be one Instagram worthy moment after another, but that never happens.
60 When kids are involved, they can become invested in getting through those problems. They also learn to
work things out together as a family.
A．Most children really enjoy challenges.
B．Actually, no family trip goes without problems.
C．However, it can also be a highly rewarding activity.
D．That way, we’re getting more of that local experience.
E．This is a 30-minute max type opportunity for my child.
F．They get the kids curious about the trip before leaving home.
G．Parents can also play into their kids’ interests when planning a trip.
Passage 13
（2025·浙江绍兴·一模）
How can you make sure to have great conversations, especially with people you don’t know well? How do
you keep a conversation flowing, especially with someone you’ve just met? Your first and most important step is to
make that person feel listened to. 61
The No.1 way to make someone feel listened to is to actually listen to them. That may sound stupidly
obvious, but it can be hard to actually do. When someone is talking to you about something, especially if what
they’re saying doesn’t directly relate to your interests, your mind may want to busy itself with other things. 62
The key to better engagement is to push distractions aside and concentrate. The more you can actually focus on
what the person is saying, the better you’ ll be able to engage with them.
Beyond that, using body language can be very useful. 63 Smile at the other person and nod to let
them know you understand the points they’re making. You can take it a step further and mirror them, reflecting
back their body positioning and posture. 64 If focusing on body language distracts you from listening, then
it isn’t worth it, in my opinion. In that case, I believe it’s better to just focus on what they’re saying. Chances are,
your body language will naturally reflect you really are paying attention.
65 It’s a bit like playing tennis, where the objective is to keep the volley going as long as possible.
If you always respond to what the other person says with just a word or two, you’ re putting too much pressure on
them to keep the conversation going. Conversely, if you take a conversational opening and run with it, launching
into a detailed explanation of how your company works or a lengthy anecdote, you’re likely to lose their interest.
You effectively shut the other person out of the conversation.
A．That’s something most of us desire.
B．However, I’ll add a word of warning.
C．Make eye contact much but not all of the time.
D．It is a great way to learn how to keep the volley going.
E．Being good at starting conversations is an essential skill.
F．You might start thinking about whether you’re wasting time.
G．Then, pay attention to the rhythm and flow of the conversation.
高频话题02 社会问题与社会现象
Passage 1
(2025 安徽省合肥市高三上学期第一次教学质量检测)
When others outperform us, should we feel threatened or inspired? Should we fear or respect those who
are more capable, more skilled or more successful than us? 1
A study conducted by educational psychologists at Brown University explored how kindergartners in the U.
S. and China tell stories about peers who perform better than others.
2
Chinese children often expressed
respect for high achievers and a desire to imitate their success. In contrast, U. S. children’s stories typically focused
on negative reactions, including envy and being left out.
The findings reflect the cultural narratives ( 叙述) surrounding achievement in each society. In American
culture, the “self” is defined by qualities, and abilities, which are largely fixed. Thus, while the achievement of
others reflects their high ability, it becomes a mirror to reveal one’s own lack of ability.
3
As a result,
Chinese children tend to view others’ achievements not as signs of natural superiority, but as opportunities for
learning and self-improvement.
4
In China, students’ overall performance may be publicly recognized to encourage success and
motivate further improvement. Teachers even invite outstanding graduates to share their experiences and lessons
with current students to promote learning. In the U. S., such phenomena are less common as they can be seen as
threats to self-esteem.
Ultimately, our perceptions and reactions to others’ success are profoundly shaped by cultural narratives
surrounding achievement.
5
These narratives, in other words, determine whether we feel threatened or
inspired, fearful or respectful, annoyed or eager to copy others.
A．It can be a source of motivation.
B．These cultural differences extend to educational practices.
C．Education facilitates personal growth and social progress.
D．They influence our motivations, relationships and actions.
E．Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content.
F．Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions.
G．However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts.
Passage 2
（2025 江西省部分学校高三下学期2 月一模考试）
Have you ever noticed that some people seem to climb the career ladder (梯子) effortlessly, while others struggle
to get their foot on the first step?
6
Often, it’s about the Matthew Effect: the idea that initial success can
create a snowball effect, making future success easier to achieve. Understanding how it works can help you make
use of it to your advantage.
7 Think of yourself as a young designer who lands a high-profile client early on. That one project,
if handled well, opens the door to bigger opportunities, referrals and a growing collection of impressive work. 8
When your manager sees you excel in the first place, they’re more likely to trust you with bigger responsibilities.
Visibility is crucial to the Matthew Effect. 9 If you are an employee who consistently delivers
outstanding work but doesn’t share that, you may be overshadowed by a coworker who’s just as competent but
better at self-promotion. Consider the example of a mid-level marketing manager. By regularly presenting their
team’s results at company meetings, they ensure leadership associates their name with success. This visibility can
lead to opportunities like promotions, speaking engagements, or even being headhunted by other companies.
Another key driver of the Matthew Effect is the power of networks. People with strong professional
networks are often exposed to more opportunities than those with limited connections. Psychologically, people
tend to associate success with competence.
1 0
This is why networking isn’t just about meeting people
— it’s about creating meaningful relationships that lead to trust and mutual (相互的) benefit.
A．Visibility contributes to the interaction with celebrated people.
B．It’s not always about talent or hard work — though both are vital.
C．More clients want to work with you when you’re already successful.
D．If people don’t know about your achievements, it’s hard to obtain more success.
E．The first big break in your career often sets the stage for everything that follows.
F．Early recognition builds confidence — not just in the people around you, but in yourself.
G．If you’re recommended by someone respected in your field, the recommendation carries weight.
Passage 3
（2025·广东高三1 月第一次模拟考试）
The Magic of Embracing Change
Just in the past few weeks, my friend has become an advocate of the idea of minimalism. Minimalism is
seemingly about simplifying lifestyles to own fewer possessions. But as my friend told me all the creative methods
people are adopting to reduce material desires or repurpose items or resist the urge to constantly acquire new
things, I realized that, minimalism begins with something deeper.
1 1
And in many ways, the initial step,
which is merely being open to a different approach, can be the most challenging step of all.
This struck me as I read a cover story on urban development. On the surface, it’s about more and more
cities deciding to adopt green building standards as a necessary measure for sustainable growth.
1 2
That
is always going to be tough. But in recent years, cities have recognized that the traditional ways of assessing
progress, while not necessarily incorrect, were limited. While they measured one aspect of development well,
they failed to take into account a broad range of factors, such as environmental impact, community well-being,
and cultural richness that were equally vital to the overall success and prosperity of a city.
1 3
The old
standards weren’t sufficient. Cities could do better.
So what has occurred? Cities are progressively agreeing to think differently about urban planning. They are
determined to do their utmost to consider the whole picture.
1 4
Some argue that abandoning strict
building codes is a mistake. Nevertheless, once the first step is taken, the momentum of logic and ethics
accelerates progress. At a time when there seems to be so much uncertainty in the world, it is possible to look
around and instead see something else: the world constantly grappling with the ongoing task of agreeing to new
concepts. Transportation today illustrates how easily we can get stuck in the conventional mindset.
1 5
That can be an urban planner striving to be more innovative in designing public spaces. Or it can be a minimalist
vlogger urging us all to think differently about how we can create a more harmonious and sustainable
environment. The only constant is the universal pursuit of improvement, and that will never leave us where it
started.
A．It commences with a willingness to alter our mindset.
B．There have inevitably been some missteps throughout this journey.
C．In essence, they excluded numerous exceptional opportunities without even noticing.
D．At its heart, it exposes a more fundamental issue: how we assess the value of urban progress.
E．They offer the most cutting-edge facilities and guarantee the financial success of every resident.
F．Conversely, the world is perpetually demanding that we act with greater foresight, greater responsibility, and a
broader perspective.
G．Several cities renowned for their stringent urban regulations saw an unexpected influx of investors.
Passage 4
（2025·浙江杭州·一模）
How Loneliness Is Killing Us
Loneliness is absolutely an epidemic (流行病) in our society, but it’s been growing for decades. Loneliness
is the sense that “I am less connected to other people than I want to be.” 16 And that makes it different
from isolation (独处). I can deliberately isolate myself and feel great about that, but only you can tell if you’re
lonely.
17 In some studies, as many as, 60% of people will say that they feel lonely much of the time.
Young adults aged 16 to 24 are the loneliest age group.
There are many factors that are responsible for that. Loneliness was on the rise from the 1950s in part
because of the rise of private cars. We’ve become a much more mobile society where the networks of family and
friends get loose as people move for jobs and other kinds of opportunities like education.
18 But then it tears us away from the communities we are born into and spend much of our lives
creating. When television came into the American home, there was more of a decline in investing in our
communities. And that was made worse as the digital revolution gave us more and more screens to look at.
Research finds loneliness is dangerous to our health. 19 In addition, people who are lonely in late
life have more rapid brain decline.
The choice we can make to keep us on a good path of wellbeing is to invest in our relationships with other
people. 20 .You belong. You matter. You’re connected.
A．It’s a very subjective experience.
B．All of that is good on the one hand.
C．You may feel lost and may have low confidence.
D．Stress coming from loneliness causes physical breakdown.
E．Since the 1950s, people have been less and less invested in other people.
F．People go to faraway colleges and only get in touch with families on screen.
G．A good way is to find an activity around other people where you are comfortable.
Passage 5
（2025·浙江台州·一模）
An old study in the advertising literature found that we’re more likely to read advertisements for the products
we have bought, even if they have proved to be “lemons”, or useless. This phenomenon also applies to our
decision-making process. Humans sometimes make bad choices and stick with them despite negative
consequences. 21 But in general bad choices have to do with acting out of emotion and not out of reason.
Strong emotions can cloud our thinking and lead us down one rabbit hole after another.
Doubling down on a bad choice may also relate to our self-esteem and the ability to admit mistakes.
Narcissists(自恋者) usually won’t admit a mistake because it contradicts their self-image. But the fact is that many
of us aren’t narcissistic. 22 Even when trapped in a bad relationship, we may still stick with it, hoping
things will eventually change for the better.
Resilience involves managing strong emotions and preventing them from fully dictating our decisions.
Considering emotion is important, enthusiasm for something can move us forward, but it can also block our vision.
23 While relying solely on our “gut feeling” can be helpful, it works best when we use our head, integrating
intuitive insights with logical thinking.
Doubling down is generally unwise. We need to acknowledge our errors and be willing to say we’re sorry
and apologize. 24 In fact, it’s smarter than denying mistakes. By admitting them, we learn valuable
lessons and promote personal growth. Recognizing when to cut our losses is crucial, allowing us to pursue new
opportunities with confidence. 25
A．And we often struggle with this.
B．The reasons for that are complex.
C．Make our decisions with full passion.
D．There is nothing wrong with doing this.
E．So stop trying to make lemonade from bad lemons.
F．The more errors you make, the more you will learn.
G．We should consider what’s right, not just what feels right.
高频话题03 科普知识
Passage 1
（2025 湖南省长沙市高三上学期新高考适应性考试）
According to scientist Shirley Mueller, collecting feeds the pleasure center of the brain, but without the
drawbacks of alcohol or smoking. “ 1 .” says Mueller. “And it’s also a way for the collector to temporarily let
go of the burdens in their lives and find joy in the moment.”
2 . More than 100,000 years ago, our ancestors searched for stones, shells, and other useless objects
just as they hunted for food. In modern times, while some people collect as a statement of who they are, others
collect as an investment or a source of pleasure.
Collecting requires attaining knowledge. You have to figure out where you can find the desired items, what
they’re worth, and how you will organize and display your collections. Those activities stimulate areas of the brain
involved in its functioning, skills that include working memory, multitasking, and controlling impulse (脉搏). 3
.
On a physiological level, research in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience shows that physical objects have
unique effects on brain functions specifically related to memory. Meanwhile, visualizing objects stimulates many
areas of the brain. Each object is associated with a person, experience, or moment in time, and you can better
recall those things because you have a reminder. 4 . Each item is a clue for your memory.
5 . Collectors often report that the friendship of other collectors is one of the most rewarding
aspects of collecting. Interacting with sellers, other collectors, or even admirers of your collection can also serve as
a foundation for relationship-building. It can develop both a sense of belonging and individuality.
A．Of course, collecting is not a new phenomenon
B．It is a bit challenging and tiring for us to display
C．Collecting can be a form of exercise for the mind
D．In that way, collections act as a physical time machine
E．Collecting is a way to feel a sense of safety and comfort
F．Collecting also seems to hit fundamental relationship needs
G．It takes a long time for people to form the habit of collecting
Passage 2
（2025·湖南株洲高三教学质量统一检测(一模)）
Intuition (直觉力) is a survival skill that assists you in avoiding danger and making new discoveries. Tuning
into your intuition can enable you to understand yourself better. 6
Intuition is a quiet voice within your mind that tells you when something is right or wrong. It’s also known
as a “gut feeling” - for example when you know you’ll be friends with someone before you’ve even spoken to
them. Author Beatrice Moise describes intuition as “an awareness of your senses, the feeling of butterflies in your
stomach or suddenly being aware of your heartbeat or breathing”. Intuition occurs when your brain compares
what’s going on around you with experiences stored in your memories. 7 This explains why you
occasionally make speedy decisions that appear from nowhere.
8 Listening to your intuition and gut feelings involves trusting your judgement. This helps you by
building confidence, which makes it easier to face challenges and discover what you’re good at. Trusting your gut
feelings means you can recognize when people or places make you uncomfortable and helps keep you safe. 9
Therefore, only take a chance on things that are safe and familiar, like choosing fun ingredients for a cake.
You should have a full recognition of your intuition, which means paying attention to what your body feels
and what your head thinks. Try noticing how your body behaves when you’re delighted, like going on holiday or
seeing friends. This can help guide you in making decisions.
1 0
Did you have any feelings that things
weren’t going your way? If something makes you feel tense or uncomfortable, don’t do it or wait until you have
time to think it through properly.
A．How does your intuition help you?
B．How can you make others trust your intuition?
C．It can also help you discover what you’re good at.
D．These can help correct all the wrong decisions you made.
E．It creates a feeling so fast that you often don’t even notice it.
F．Similarly, focus on how you think when you’ve made a bad choice.
G．However, like any decision you make, your intuition won’t always be right.
Passage 3
（2025·广东佛山三校高三1 月第一次模拟考试）
The Power of Thinking Differently
Just in the past few weeks, my wife has become the supporter of the concept of zero-waste living. Zero-
waste is obviously about changing behaviors to produce less waste. But as my wife shared with me all the
inventive ways people are getting around using plastic or reusing clothes or controlling the desire to accrue (积累)
things we don’t really need, I realized that, zero-waste starts with something else.
1 1
And in many ways,
the first step, which is simply being willing to do something differently, can be the hardest step of all.
This came to mind as I read a cover story in education. Ostensibly ( 表面上), it’s about more and more
colleges agreeing to drop standardized tests as a required measure of student aptitude (天赋).
1 2
That is always going to be hard. But in recent decades, colleges have realized that the old ways of judging
individual value, while not necessarily wrong, were narrow. While they identified one kind of student well, they
did not account for a wide range of experiences, skills, and qualities that were no less important to achievement
and success.
1 3
The tests weren’t good enough. Schools could do better.
So what has happened? Schools are increasingly consenting to think differently about admissions. They
have resolved to do the best they can to see the whole individual.
1 4
Some think dropping mandatory
standardized tests is a mistake. However, once the first step is taken, the onward pull of reason and morality speed
progress.
At a time when there appears to be so much confusion in the world, it is possible to look out and instead
see something else: the world struggling with the perpetual (长久的) task of consenting to new ideas. Politics
today show how easily we can become stuck in the mentally familiar.
1 5
That can be an admissions officer wanting to be more thoughtful in extending the benefits that
her school offers. Or it can be a zero-waste blogger asking us all to think differently about how we contribute to
greater balance in the world.
The only constant is the universal need for progress, and that will never leave us where it found us.
A．It starts with consenting (同意) to change thought.
B．Undoubtedly there have been missteps along the way.
C．In short, they left a lot of amazing people out and didn’t even know it.
D．But at its heart, it reveals something more fundamental: how we judge individual value.
E．They offer the most challenging academic programs and ensure every student’s physical and mental health.
F．The world, on the other hand, is constantly demanding that we be kinder and more connected and think ever
larger.
G．Many universities known to be highly selective in their admissions policies received more applicants than
usual.
Passage 4
（2025 广东省建文教育集团高三1 月第一次模拟考试）
In order to recover from mental distress, there’s really no alternative but to get acquainted with
psychotherapy.
16
Every human is in part neurotic (神经质).
A neurosis is any pattern of thinking or behavior that blocks our personalities and potential.
17
. It
should be part of every evolved human’s mission to seek to understand the neurotic elements of their own
personalities. The enquiry “And how are you neurotic?” should not be taken as an insult rather a sensible request
for more information on our particular flaws.
The origins of most of our neuroses lie in our childhoods
18
. A trauma (创伤) may be continuous petty criticism or emotional neglect. Something qualities
as a trauma because the child isn’t able to make sense of the extreme pain and therefore suffers a serious blow to
its command of trust, intelligence, and love.
19
Where there is an over-controlling parent, there will be a child with problems around autonomy (自主权).
Where there is a belittling parent, there will be a child with difficulties of confidence and self-esteem. Every
character flaw on the side of the parent necessarily imposes a toll on a child.
Healing comes through self-awareness.
To improve, we need to get rid of the state of depression and recover contact with the original trauma. And
in order to do that, we need to accept that doing so would be a good idea.
20
.
It won’t be enough to know the past, we will need to feel it too.
We may have a practical sense of the central details of our childhoods, but an intellectual grasp won’t be
enough. We need to sincerely reexperience rather than merely intellectually know the past to free ourselves from
its hold. Our neuroses will weaken or dissolve once the traumas are finally known and, even more importantly,
felt.
A．Parents tend to give rise to a neurosis.
B．Its central ideas can be summarized as follows.
C．We have to agree that self-knowledge will be what can save us.
D．Parents assist their children in figuring out the difficulties.
E．Trauma leads to depression which overtime inspires the formation of neurotic symptoms.
F．What causes neuroses are intolerable frustrations and pains that we can refer to as traumas.
G．We may be neurotic in love or at work, in our friendships or in our attitudes to creativity or politics.
Passage 5
（2025·浙江宁波·一模）
Virtual internships (实习) are now a common occurrence as we adjust to the “new normal” when it comes to
working. 21 Still, there are many positives that can come from virtual internships that you should
consider.
Use it for resume building
22 It showcases your ability to manage your time effectively and handle tasks on your own.
Besides, securing glowing recommendations from a remote employer highlights skills you gained through remote
work.
Consider the cost savings
Having a job can cost quite a bit when you take the commute (通勤) into consideration. With remote work,
the costs are significantly lower, if they exist at all. 23 While being in person has a certain feel difficult
to let go of, working from home is arguably one of the best ways to store up some money.
Make the most of your time savings
Additionally, without that commute, you gain some extra time to get things done that you otherwise
wouldn’t have been able to. This includes many things, such as watching your favorite shows and cooking
homemade meals on a nightly basis. 24
Treat it as experience
Lastly, keep in mind that a virtual internship is still an internship. Experience is experience, no matter how
you obtain it. 25 For that reason, understand that a virtual internship is still experience, and that it’s still a
feasible option to include on your resume.
A．That being said, it can be easily viewed as a negative.
B．You get to work from comfort home, no commute required.
C．It is the way of the future, at least, for the foreseeable future.
D．Gas, parking fees, and even grabbing lunch can quickly add up.
E．It doesn’t seem like much, but the extra time can be a real game-changer.
F．While it’s easy to dismiss a virtual internship, you’d be missing an opportunity.
G．As for building a professional profile, remote work can really sell your experience.
高频话题04 旅游观光
Passage 1
（2025 广东省高三1 月第一次模拟考试）To put into words my time in Antarctica and South Georgia is
nearly impossible. I had always described it as a once-in-a-lifetime experience.
1
I was not the only one
who felt this way. About 50% of the passengers of our expedition ( 远征) had been to Antarctica at least once
before. This goes to show just how magical the destination is.
2
How tiny you feel next to towering glaciers and icebergs. The blinding white blankets
everything, blurring the boundary between land and ocean. The icy water moves through your body as you take
the Polar Plunge. The solemn silence calms your restlessness and reminds you of heart-touching stories of survival
from explorers of the past. The list goes on.
Antarctica makes you feel so small and insignificant, in the best way. Everything has a purpose, and the
cycle of life is evident. You get front row seats to witness the most incredible show: nature.
3
For
example, when you see a brown skua (贼鸥) attacking a penguin chick, your heart aches. Then your expedition
guide regretfully tells you that a chick that is small in March would have very slim chances of surviving the
upcoming winter. 4
Things move fast here, every month offering something unique and special to see. In March, the weather is
a bit more unpredictable, and the sea ice is beginning to form again. Our voyage was the last of the season. In two
more weeks, expedition ships would not be able to break through the ice. The penguins are completing their
yearly feather-changing process. They are really weak during this time, and cannot dive.
5
These animals, arguably the cutest you will ever see, survive such unfavorable environments. It’s absolutely
incredible to witness the challenges, the skill, the efforts, all of it. I am forever grateful to have been a visitor.
A．But that is not how it is.
B．It is as much beautiful as cruel.
C．I, years later, did return to this fascinating place.
D．The cycle continues, and you’ re left wondering who to root for.
E．That all your senses will be stimulated is the best way I can describe it.
F．But immediately I stepped foot on the continent, I knew I needed to return.
G．The expedition team made sure we kept our distance and did not scare them.
