2026 年高考第一次模拟考试（上海卷）
英语
（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：140 分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮
擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10 题, 每题1 分；第11-20 题，每题1.5 分；共25 分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only
once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and
decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．
A．A policewoman. B．A waitress.
C．A flight attendant.
D．A pilot.
2．
A．At 5:30.
B．At 5:35.
C．At 6:00.
D．At 6:05.
3．
A．Confusing.
B．Enjoyable.
C．Relaxing.
D．Boring.
4．
A．The play started early.
B．She went back to get her ticket.
C．Tom walked with her to the bus stop.
D．It was a long way from the theatre.
5．
A．Preparing his school project.
B．Catching the school bus.
C．Making the final touch on the food.
D．Handing in his homework.
6．
A．Return the dog to her relative.
B．Place a ban on dogs.
C．Clean her apartment.
D．Stay with her relative.
7．
A．Find another scale.
B．Develop a fitness routine.
C．Try another workout programme.
D．Wait for the right time to exercise.
8．
A．The mall must be overcrowded.
B．It’s hard to find the way in the mall.
C．They should come to the mall some other day.
D．They can get into the mall through the south gate.
9．
A．Tony hopes to change his role in the play.
B．Tony lacks confidence in playing the part.
C．Professor Wright will help Tony remember the lines.
D．Professor Wright will give Tony hints during the show.
10．
A．It was quite easy for them to climb Huashan.
B．The man went to Huashan during the summer vacation.
C．The woman didn’t reach all the mountain tops of Huashan.
D．The weather was just fine when the woman climbed Huashan.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked
several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer
conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four
possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage
11．A．Making the wearer feel tired.
B．Gradually weakening an adult’s eyes.
C．The loss of vision in children.
D．Permanent change of the eye structure.
12．A．Working hard.
B．Wearing sunglasses.
C．Watching TV in poor light.
D．Reading in bed.
13．A．Ways of choosing eye glasses.
B．Suggestions of eyesight protection.
C．Untruths of eye glasses and eyesight.
D．Proven facts of the benefits of eye glasses.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14．A．By reviewing new words every day.
B．By studying the usage of the new word at night.
C．By connecting the new word with the “old” ones.
D．By applying the new word to daily conversations.
15．A．Desire to learn a new language.
B．Anxiety to visit a community.
C．Eagerness to have more sleep.
D．Wish to be connected.
16．A．Roles of dreams in school life.
B．Right attitudes towards language learning.
C．Connections between dreams and language learning.
D．Effective ways to memorize foreign language vocabulary.
Questions 17 through 20 are bused on the following conversation.
17．A．13 years.
B．17 years.
C．20 years.
D．24 years.
18．A．The pressure from his competitors.
B．The high expectation from his parents.
C．The unforgettable matches he played on court.
D．The prizes he received from winning the championships.
19．A．Because he had an operation but got well soon.
B．Because he didn’t have enough rest before the match.
C．Because his family and team gave him a lot of support.
D．Because his belief and desire to win worked and helped.
20．A．Talkative and inspiring.
B．Talented and determined.
C．Modest and humorous.
D．Optimistic and realistic.
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1 分；共20 分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
（热点话题）In March of 2023, a strange video of Will Smith eating spaghetti was created using an early
text-to-video AI tool called ModelScope and released on Reddit, a popular content-sharing platform. The technology,
while impressive, was deeply limited in its ability to accurately represent the text hint some users even described the
video as “nightmarish”. Little did they know that a year later text-to-video AI would be creating videos so realistic
21 they would blur (模糊) the line between the digital and the real.
If you've ever used a text-to-image generative AI tool like DALL-E, you'll see that text-to-video tools work in
a similar way. The user provides a hint, like “cat swimming in a fish tank,” and the tool creates a video 22
(base) on everything it knows about cats, water, fish and the physics of how they might interact. The tool makes use
of what are known as “visual patches (补丁)”, building blocks of data 23 help the AI to understand how
everything in the scene should interact and progress, frame by frame.
Tools that are based on a spread system, like OpenAI’s Sora, are trained 24 (recognize) objects so
they can improve images by deleting the incorrect visual patches. This process could be compared to a worker 25
(melt) raw gold multiple times in order to remove all its useless elements.
One of the remarkable things about OpenAI’s Sora is that it can generate content in a variety of styles. When
the project 26 (disclose) last February, OpenAI claimed that “Sora can generate videos up to a minute long
while maintaining visual quality and according to the user's hint.”
But there are limits of Sora’s capabilities. As OpenAI shows in some demo videos, the physics of how objects
interact in the videos doesn't always make sense. Sometimes people or objects 27 (mix) together,
transform into other things, disappear or appear out of nowhere. But if the technology can appear suddenly from the
strange spaghetti video to 28 it is now in a year, these limitations probably won't last long.
Besides OpenAI's Sora, Google has two products called Lumiere and VideoPoet, but like Sora, they 29
not be open for public use yet. These tools are still being seriously tested and improved to ensure that people can't
use them to produce inappropriate content or break laws.
In the meantime, you can still experiment with simple text-to-video tools 30 invideo AI, a creation
and education in mind. It's perfect for creating online courses, “explainer” videos or providing visuals for a short
story.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A．changes B．current C． delays D．enclosed E. identifiable
F. include G. matching H. movements I. occurred J. overriding K. works
（热点话题）We need a fourth white traffic light to ease traffic jams
Engineers propose adding a white traffic light to let self-driving cars ease traffic jams. Studies show this
fourth light could help autonomous vehicles (AVs) manage traffic flow and reduce travel time.
Normally, the four-light system works like 31 three-light systems—red means stop, green means go.
However, when enough self-driving cars approach a crossroads, the white light activates, 32 the standard
signals. This tells human drivers that AVs are now directing vehicle 33 via wireless communication. Human
drivers must simply follow the car ahead— 34 its stops or movements.
A researcher, Dr. Ali, said, “Our ‘white phase’ concept taps into the computing power of AVs themselves.
Entitling some of the traffic flow control to AVs 35 in any AV case. But we must 36 the white light
concept at crossroads to clarify the situation for humans.” The colour of the ‘white light’ doesn’t matter. What’s
important is that there should be a signal that is clearly 37 by drivers.
Tests showed that small improvements in traffic flow 38 when as little as 10 per cent of the vehicles at
a crossroads were autonomous. Dr Ali said, “For example, when 10 per cent of vehicles are autonomous, you see
39 reduced by 3 per cent. When 30 per cent are autonomous, they are reduced by 10.7 per cent.” While AVs
aren’t ready for immediate use, researchers say it would require only minor 40 to crossroads and AV
software updates.
Critics warn that relying on humans to follow the “leader” rule poses risks, but the team believes this balances
innovation with clear communication during the transition to AVs.
III.Reading Comprehension (共45 分。 41-45 每题1 分；56-70 每题2 分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
（新题材）Are noise-cancelling headphones damaging our hearing skills?
Noise-cancelling headphones have become a popular choice for many, offering a way to block out
background noise and letting us enjoy music at lower volumes. 41 , some experts are worried that using these
headphones too much might make it harder for our brains to process sounds properly.
Renee Almeida, an audiologist (听力学家), has noticed a small increase in adults coming to her clinic with
42 issues. They might fail to 43 where a sound is coming from, or struggle to follow a conversation on
the train, in a bar or at a restaurant. The condition, known as auditory processing disorder (APD), is often diagnosed
in children, so the rise in adults with similar issues struck Almeida as 44 . Almeida suspects that the
widespread use of noise-cancelling headphones could be a 45 .
She explains that our brains are used to dealing with thousands of different sounds at the same time and
deciding which ones are worth paying attention to. 46 , when a dog barks outside, the brain quickly identifies
the sound and dismisses it as unimportant. However, noise-cancelling headphones 47 the brain to a single
source of sound, such as music or a podcast, potentially weakening its ability to process 48 sounds.
Almeida also notes that the overuse of noise-cancelling headphones could harm the developmental process by
which children learn to 49 sounds. For adults, it could make their brains lazy, just as muscles 50
without exercise. In both cases, people could struggle to distinguish speech from background noise.
Despite these 51 , there is currently no scientific evidence proving that noise-cancelling headphones
cause APD．Nor is there sufficient data showing a rise in the condition. But Almeida believes the question deserves
attention.
Prof. Dani Tomlin from the University of Melbourne 52 that people who use noise-cancelling
headphones for long periods may find listening harder when they take them off. But she says “the 53 should
not be overlooked”, for helping individuals to listen to music and movies on planes and trains. “Instead of suggesting
54 noise-cancelling headphones, we need more comprehensive research studies,” she adds.
For now, Almeida recommends 55 like bone conduction headphones. She also encourages people to
actively engage in listening exercises to maintain their auditory processing skills.
41．A．Instead
B．Moreover
C．Otherwise
D．However
42．A．learning
B．socializing
C．hearing
D．reading
43．A．indicate
B．locate
C．recall
D．sustain
44．A．common
B．raw
C．odd
D．predictable
45．A．primary stage B．contributing factor C．direct consequence D．temporary solution
46．A．For example
B．In conclusion
C．As a result
D．On the contrary
47．A．expand
B．reserve
C．limit
D．detect
48．A．multiple
B．external
C．unfamiliar
D．inviting
49．A．clear away
B．attend to
C．tune out
D．trace back
50．A．strengthen
B．tighten
C．weaken
D．stimulate
51．A．concerns
B．efforts
C．threats
D．trends
52．A．protests
B．suspects
C．acknowledges
D．opposes
53．A．risks
B．benefits
C．requests
D．costs
54．A．monitoring
B．tolerating
C．purchasing
D．abandoning
55．A．alternatives
B．restrictions
C．opponents
D．perspectives
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to
the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Every couple of weeks, Andrew Livingston, 22, stops on his way home from work for a drink — either a beer
or an espresso — in a setting where he typically finds like-minded guys.
His destination is the Williamsburg location of Blind Barber, where $45 haircuts are offered alongside beers
and ten types of coffee prepared near the hairdressing space. Along with his drink order, Mr. Livingston pays to get a
trim (修剪) while seated in one of four vintage salon chairs.
“For its biggest attraction, Blind Barber is a nice spot to catch your breath,” he said. “Especially in a place
like New York where guys face huge pressure, it’s important to have an environment like that, in which you can just
kind of de-stress and get relaxed.”
Blind Barber’s co-founder Jeff Laub said: “It’s not just about making $3 on a coffee. That coffee is supposed
to get customers relaxed, start a conversation and even develop a friendship.”
The cafe-barbershop is a growing trend with plenty of similar establishments blossoming in the city. Such a
place moves in the direction of what women do, but in a more “guy” way. Other traditional places for guys to hang
out together are bars, which are very noisy, so there’s no real potential for conversations.
Strictly speaking, these establishments do not bar women, but most schedule appointments at tight intervals to
accommodate short haircuts. They typically feature straight-razor shaves and brief trims. No wonder they are not the
favorite of most women customers who chase fancy styles.
Catering particularly to a taste-conscious group, these shops list haircut prices several times that of a
traditional men’s walk-in barbershop, and the decoration has more in common with a farm-to-table restaurant than a
beauty salon, except for an eye-catching display of scissors and combs.
Although hairdressing and comestibles would not seem to have much in common, for a specific group, a
cappuccino made from locally roasted beans is a natural accompaniment to high-end haircuts. “It’s definitely the
same group of customers,” said Jeff Laub. “It’s all one piece. The same people who aro going to get a great haircut
are the same people who aro keen to have the best coffee.”
56．Few female customers frequent Barber shops like Blind Barber because _______
A．they don’t serve female customers
B．they serve the kind of coffee which is not women customers’ favorite
C．they charge too much for simple hair cutting
D．the hairstyle they mainly provide is not what most women customers prefer
57．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Blind Barber features haircutting and bar atmosphere.
B．Blind Barber’s major advantage is that it helps reduce men’s pressure
C．Blind Barber makes 3 dollars from every customer.
D．Blind Barber is the only barbershop in Now York to combine haircut and coffee.
58．The underlined word “comestibles” is closest in meaning to _______
A．modern cities
B．food
C．gentlemen
D．companions
59．Blind Barber is quite different from traditional men’s walk-in barbershops in that _______
A．it has vintage salon chairs
B．it is located beside a coffee shop
C．it’s decorated to look like a restaurant
D．it shows haircutting tools
B
Shipping containers, currently experiencing a major shortage, have a life of 10 to 15 years when used to
transport goods across oceans. So what happens to these massive and durable structures after that? Often they’re
recycled into low-cost storage—other times they simply sit in ports around the world. Now, architects are finding
new and improved ways to unlock their low-cost and sustainable development potential.
Sustainable Support System
On land that was meant to become a jail, instead stands a 60,500 square-foot housing facility supporting
unhoused people. The Care First Village holds 232 units, as well as a common building with laundry facilities,
dining areas and a dog park.
Performing Art Cart
The concept of the microtheater first began in Madrid, where audiences gathered to watch short performances
in different rooms of an old hotel. In 2021, Microtheater first appeared, hosting short plays in shipping containers.
Step inside and watch one or all of the original 15-minute shows.
Eco-Friendly Attraction
This is not your typical café. Its design, inspired by coffee trees, features 29 shipping containers piled in a
manner to look like branches. While a shipping container doesn’t typically scream “natural light,” skylight windows
are strategically placed throughout the structure.
Green Arena (竞技场)
Located on the Gulf shoreline, Stadium 974 is a 40,000-capacity arena created from 974 shipping containers.
The first temporary stadium in World Cup history, it will host FIFA World Cup matches this year—and then its
components will be shipped to countries in need around the world for repurposing.
Mach 1
“Every single thing you buy in the world has been transported in these things,” artist David Mach says of his
fascination with shipping containers. While still in the design stages, his sculpture will soon have a home in
Edinburgh Park, with a coffee bar and exhibition space available to visitors inside.
60．Why might architects be interested in using shipping containers for construction?
A．They are not expensive but long-lasting.
B．They are perfectly fit for temporary structures.
C．They offer a creative and cost-effective building material.
D．They are more durable than traditional concrete buildings.
61．How does the concept of Stadium 974 differ from other projects mentioned in the passage?
A．It is designed as an artistic landmark in a public space.
B．It is the only project designed to be temporary and relocated.
C．It is a creative approach to providing short-term living spaces.
D．It serves as a multifunctional place for performances.
62．Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A．How to deal with a global container shortage
B．How to plan a sustainable life in containers
C．How to build creative container homes
D．How to give containers a second life
C
In the early 20th century, Henry Ford revolutionized industrial production by integrating moving production
lines with mass labor, greatly lowering manufacturing costs and transforming the automobile from a luxury item into
an accessible means of transportation. Today, a similar shift is unfolding in the service industry, as digital platforms
use technological advancements and on-demand labor to deliver services that were once exclusive to the wealthy.
Companies such as Uber, Handy, and Instacart have special consumer access, enabling individuals to secure personal
drivers, household assistance, and grocery deliveries with minimal effort.
However, the scope of the on-demand economy extends far beyond convenience services. Increasingly,
essential professional areas, including healthcare, legal consultation, and business advisory services, are being
restructured through digital platforms. Startups like Medicast, Axiom, and Freelancer.com facilitate interactions
between independent professionals and clients in need of specialized expertise. Although still emerging, this
economic model is expanding at an unparalleled pace: Uber, established in 2009, now operates in over 50 countries
and had already reached a valuation of $40 billion by 2014.
Several critical factors have fueled the expansion of this economic transformation. The digital revolution has
not only enabled real-time connections between service providers and consumers but has also decentralized
traditional workflows. A single person equipped-with-a laptop can now produce Hollywood-quality media, develop
new software, or conduct in-depth legal research from virtually any location. This shift has got companies to
increasingly favor contract-based specialists over full-time employees, improving business flexibility while also
generating profits from previously untapped resources, such as personal vehicles or specialized expertise.
Beyond technological drivers, socio-economic shifts have further sped up this transition. The decline of long-
term job stability, worsened by automation and global outsourcing, has led to a decline in conventional employment
models. Meanwhile, society is becoming increasingly polarized between those who possess financial capital but lack
time and those with availability but limited financial means. The on-demand economy serves as a mechanism
through which these two groups can exchange value efficiently.
Yet, this transformation presents notable challenges. While consumers and flexibility-seeking workers benefit,
those reliant on stable, full-time employment with comprehensive benefits face growing uncertainty. Many on-
demand workers operate without traditional job security, healthcare provisions, or retirement plans, raising complex
regulatory and policy concerns. Governments must respond by modernizing labor laws, streamlining tax frameworks
for independent workers, and ensuring social protections become more adaptable to this evolving employment
landscape.
63．What is the defining characteristic of on-demand economy?
A．Digital platforms connect workers with customers when needed.
B．Businesses put more emphasis on the advancement of technology.
C．Markets rule out those unnecessary services to increase efficiency.
D．Companies hire more temporary workers than long-term employees.
64．Which example best illustrates the idea of “decentralizing traditional workflows”?
A．A company encourages employees to take part-time jobs.
B．A software developer works with a global team remotely.
C．A researcher does experiments in an advanced laboratory.
D．A business asks in-house staff to handle most operations.
65．Which of the following is a driving force of the economic transition introduced in the passage?
A．People tend to have either money or time.
B．Business flexibility benefits workers equally.
C．Full-time employees are becoming less available.
D．Automation is gradually replaced by global outsourcing.
66．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．The on-demand economy guarantees better job opportunities.
B．Companies are seeking financial protection for on-demand workers.
C．Governments may struggle to keep up with changes in the job market.
D．Workers will no longer worry about employment benefits in the future.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once.
Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
（新题材）Genetic Testing
Genetic testing involves examining your DNA, the chemical database that carries instructions for your body’s
functions. It provides information for diagnosing, treating and preventing illness.
67 .
First, there is diagnostic testing. If you have indications of a disease that may be caused by genetic changes,
sometimes called mutated genes, it can reveal if you have the suspected disorder.
Then comes presymptomatic and predictive testing. 68 . The purpose is to evaluate an
individual’s likelihood of developing certain types of disorder, particularly when a family history of the condition
exists.
Pharmacogenetics is the study of how genetic variations influence individual responses to medications. 69
. And this testing approach is clinically valuable in determining the most effective medication for patients.
Testing during pregnancy, the state of having a baby developing inside the body, includes a range of medical
procedures performed to identify genetic abnormalities in the developing baby. Traditionally this is done by looking
at markers in blood or by interventional testing. Newer testing called cell-free DNA testing looks at a baby’s DNA
via a blood test done on the mother.
70 . It has become a standardized public health initiative within the first days of life to identify
babies at risk for treatable genetic, or body chemistry disorders. This type of genetic testing is important because if
results show there’s a disorder such as congenital hypothyroidism (先天性甲状腺功能减退症), care and treatment
can begin right away.
A．Newborn screening is the most frequently conducted kind of genetic testing.
B．The application of genetic testing varies according to defined medical indications.
C．However, it’s important to note that there is a slight potential risk to human health.
D．It refers to genetic analyses carried out prior to the beginning of unhealthy change.
E．It guarantees the safety of surgeries with the predetermined post-operative care guidelines.
F．By analyzing gene-drug interactions, clinicians achieve predictive accuracy in individualized drug response
patterns.
IV.Summary Writing (共10 分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more
than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Are Big Cities Overrated?
Judged by their revealed preferences, people love cities. Metropolises such as London and New York are
overcrowded, with house prices to match. Across the world, 25% of people live in cities of over a million, up from
just 15% six decades ago.
Economists tend to think this is a great development. Cities, they argue, benefit from “agglomeration”, the
consequence of so many people living in close quarters. For one thing, government and businesses can run more
efficiently: scale helps everything from public transport to the hiring of staff. For another, finding the next big idea is
easier when like-minded people crowd together. Although London makes up 15% of Britain’s population, it accounts
for 22% of its economic output.
But have economists overestimated the benefits of big cities? That is what a new working paper by Matthew
Turner and David Weil, both of Brown University, suggests. Their analysis applies existing estimates of the impact
of agglomeration on economic efficiency and the pace of invention to a model of the American economy. This
allows the researchers to answer a question: how different would America look if, from 1900 to 2010, no urban area
had grown to a population of more than 1 million people?
According to their calculations, the answer is “not all that much”. Growth would have been slower, but only a
bit: the researchers estimate that America’s total output would have been 8% lower in 2010 than it was in reality. As
Mr. Weil puts it: “Without big cities, we would still have modern life as we know it.”
There is plenty about city life that is unpleasant. In September, for instance, Eric Adams, New York’s mayor,
organized a “National Urban Rat Summit”, as part of his “war on rats”. It’s evident that big cities don’t just offer
growth; they come with their own sets of drawbacks and challenges as well.
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V.Translation (共15 分。第1 小题和第2 小题,每题3 分;第3 题4 分;第4 题5 分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．这个方案看似简单，实际操作起来却需要丰富的经验。(require) (汉译英)
73．幸亏你及时提醒我查阅文献，导师在面试中问到了数据来源。 (reminder) (汉译英)
74．如何让莘莘学子更好地适应未来生活，很多高中和大学都已将该问题提上日程。(how) (汉译英)
75．不必焦虑，包粽子虽看似复杂，其实只要依循步骤操作，便能轻松掌握这一传统手艺。(craft)(汉译英)
VI.Guided Writing (共25 分)
76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
（热点话题）假设你是明启中学高三学生李华，你受邀为校刊撰写一篇题为《人工智能与学习：机遇与挑
战》的文章。你的文章内容须包括：
(1) 分析AI 在学生学习中的一项可能的益处和一项潜在的弊端；
(2) 基于以上分析，提出一条切实可行的建议，并说明理由。
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