ARTICLE · 1044904
独家原创:高中英语“话题写作(素材与运用)”系列60. 自然灾害与防范
话题类属:人与自然 之 灾害与防范
作者简介:深耕一线英语教学近40载;中考、高考命题研究专家;发表文章2000余篇;主编《英语满分作文》书系、《英语奥林匹克》、《英语写作素材大辞典》、《现代英汉双解大辞典》、《多功能英汉大辞典》等300余本畅销全国的教学及竞赛辅导用书。

本节内容包含:写作概述 + 核心词汇(分类别)+ 提分词块(分类别)+ 经典佳句(分类别)+ 优美语段(分类别)+ 素材运用(分文体)
◆写作概述
“自然灾害与防范” 是一个极具现实意义且内涵丰富的英文写作话题,以下为你剖析如何构建此类文章。
从引入主题来看,开篇可以通过列举一些全球范围内震撼人心的自然灾害场景来抓住读者眼球,像日本的海啸席卷陆地、美国飓风摧毁城镇,描述这些灾难带来的破坏,诸如房屋倒塌、人员伤亡、经济损失惨重等画面,顺势引出探讨自然灾害及其防范的必要性。
主体内容方面,首先要分类阐述常见自然灾害,如地震,描述其成因是地壳板块运动,造成的危害有地表撕裂、建筑物粉碎,对应防范措施便是建筑物的抗震设计、民众日常的地震演练;洪水多因暴雨或河流决堤引发,淹没农田、冲毁基础设施,防范手段涉及水利工程加固、预警系统完善;森林火灾可由雷电、人为疏忽点燃,烧毁大片植被、威胁野生动物栖息地,防火带设置、严控火源是关键防范方法。
在探讨防范环节,不仅要提及政府层面制定应急预案、投入防灾资金、建设避难场所,还得强调公众教育,如学校开展防灾课程、社区组织培训,提升全民防灾意识。
结尾部分,总结强调面对自然灾害人类不能坐以待毙,要靠科学防范、国际合作共克时艰,以升华主题,呼吁全球携手应对频发的自然灾害,保障人类未来。

◆核心词汇
一、自然灾害名称类:
1. earthquake(n. 地震)
2. tsunami(n. 海啸)
3. hurricane(n. 飓风)
4. typhoon(n. 台风)
5. flood(n. 洪水,v. 淹没)
6. drought(n. 干旱)
7. landslide(n. 山体滑坡)
8. forest fire(n. 森林火灾)
9. blizzard(n. 暴风雪)
10. tornado(n. 龙卷风)
二、灾害成因相关:
1. plate movement(n. 板块运动)
2. volcanic eruption(n. 火山喷发)
3. heavy rain(n. 暴雨)
4. snowmelt(n. 融雪)
5. thunderstorm(n. 雷暴)
6. global warming(n. 全球变暖)
7. human activity(n. 人类活动)
8. lightning strike(n. 雷击)
三、灾害破坏描述类:
1. destruction(n. 破坏)
2. damage(n. & v. 损害)
3. collapse(v. 倒塌;n. 崩溃)
4. devastate(v. 毁坏)
5. wipe out(v. 彻底摧毁)
6. ruin(n. 废墟;v. 毁灭)
7. injure(v. 伤害)
8. casualty(n. 伤亡人员)
9. property loss(n. 财产损失)
10. infrastructure damage(n. 基础设施损坏)
四、防范措施类动词:
1. prevent(v. 预防)
2. protect(v. 保护)
3. reinforce(v. 加固)
4. evacuate(v. 疏散)
5. drill(v. 演练;n. 演习)
6. monitor(v. 监测)
7. warn(v. 警告)
8. equip(v. 装备)
9. establish(v. 建立)
10. maintain(v. 维护)
五、防范设施与场所类:
1. shelter(n. 避难所)
2. dam(n. 水坝)
3. levee(n. 防洪堤)
4. firebreak(n. 防火带)
5. early warning system(n. 预警系统)
6. emergency kit(n. 应急包)
7. seismic station(n. 地震监测站)
六、人员与组织类:
1. government(n. 政府)
2. rescue team(n. 救援队)
3. volunteer(n. 志愿者)
4. expert(n. 专家)
5. citizen(n. 公民)
6. community(n. 社区)
7. school(n. 学校)
8. Red Cross(n. 红十字会)
七、应对动作与技能类:
1. first aid(n. 急救)
2. self-rescue(n. 自救)
3. mutual aid(n. 互救)
4. CPR(cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏,n. )
5. bandage(v. 包扎;n. 绷带)
6. take cover(v. 寻找掩护)
7. stay calm(v. 保持冷静)
八、恢复重建类:
1. reconstruct(v. 重建)
2. recovery(n. 恢复)
3. restoration(n. 修复)
4. rebuild(v. 重新修建)
5. retrofit(v. 翻新改造)
九、形容灾害程度类:
1. severe(adj. 严重的)
2. catastrophic(adj. 灾难性的)
3. massive(adj. 大规模的)
4. minor(adj. 轻微的)
5. widespread(adj. 广泛的)
十、时间阶段类:
1. before disaster(prep. + n. 灾前)
2. during disaster(prep. + n. 灾中)
3. after disaster(prep. + n. 灾后)
十一、科技手段类:
1. satellite(n. 卫星)
2. drone(n. 无人机)
3. sensor(n. 传感器)
4. big data(n. 大数据)
5. computer model(n. 计算机模型)
6. remote sensing(n. 遥感)
7. simulation(n. 模拟)

◆提分词块
一、灾害描述类:
1. a violent earthquake(一场强烈的地震)
2. a devastating tsunami(一场毁灭性的海啸)
3. a ferocious hurricane(一场凶猛的飓风)
4. a powerful typhoon(一场强大的台风)
5. raging floodwaters(汹涌的洪水)
6. a prolonged drought(一场持久的干旱)
7. a sudden landslide(一场突如其来的山体滑坡)
8. a raging forest fire(一场肆虐的森林火灾)
9. a blinding blizzard(一场使人睁不开眼的暴风雪)
10. a swirling tornado(一个旋转的龙卷风)
二、成因解释类:
1. due to plate movement(由于板块运动)
2. result from volcanic eruption(由火山喷发导致)
3. caused by heavy rain(由暴雨引起)
4. triggered by snowmelt(由融雪引发)
5. brought about by thunderstorm(由雷暴带来)
6. as a consequence of global warming(由于全球变暖的结果)
7. because of human activities(因为人类活动)
8. following a lightning strike(在雷击之后)
三、破坏影响类:
1. cause widespread destruction(造成广泛的破坏)
2. inflict heavy damage on(对…… 造成严重损害)
3. lead to building collapse(导致建筑物倒塌)
4. leave the city devastated(让城市沦为废墟)
5. wipe out entire villages(彻底摧毁整个村庄)
6. reduce to ruins(沦为废墟)
7. result in numerous injuries(导致大量人员受伤)
8. bring a large number of casualties(造成大量伤亡)
9. suffer from property loss(遭受财产损失)
10. experience infrastructure damage(经历基础设施损坏)
四、防范措施类:
1. take preventive measures(采取预防措施)
2. put up protective barriers(设置防护屏障)
3. reinforce the dam(加固水坝)
4. evacuate the residents(疏散居民)
5. conduct emergency drills(进行应急演练)
6. monitor the disaster situation(监测灾情)
7. issue a timely warning(及时发出警告)
8. equip with emergency supplies(配备应急物资)
9. establish an early warning system(建立预警系统)
10. maintain disaster prevention facilities(维护防灾设施)
五、应对行动类:
1. seek shelter immediately(立即寻找避难所)
2. rush to the rescue(奔赴救援)
3. volunteer for disaster relief(志愿参与救灾)
4. call in experts for advice(召集专家征求意见)
5. citizens’ self-help(市民自救)
6. community-wide cooperation(社区范围内的合作)
7. school-based disaster education(以学校为基础的防灾教育)
8. provide first aid treatment(提供急救处理)
9. perform self-rescue skills(施展自救技能)
10. offer mutual aid and support(提供互助与支持)
六、恢复重建类:
1. start the reconstruction work(开始重建工作)
2. promote post-disaster recovery(促进灾后恢复)
3. carry out restoration projects(开展修复项目)
4. rebuild damaged buildings(重建受损建筑物)
5. retrofit old structures(翻新改造旧建筑)
6. return to normal life(恢复正常生活)
7. help with the rehabilitation(协助恢复)
七、组织人员类:
1. the local government(当地政府)
2. professional rescue teams(专业救援队)
3. enthusiastic volunteers(热情的志愿者)
4. experienced experts(有经验的专家)
5. ordinary citizens(普通市民)
6. the whole community(整个社区)
7. schools and educational institutions(学校及教育机构)
8. international aid organizations like the Red Cross(像红十字会这样的国际援助组织)
八、科技应用类:
1. use satellite imagery(使用卫星图像)
2. deploy drones for surveillance(部署无人机进行监视)
3. install sensors to detect(安装传感器来探测)
4. analyze big data for prediction(分析大数据进行预测)
5. rely on computer models(依靠计算机模型)
6. utilize remote sensing technology(利用遥感技术)
7. conduct simulation exercises(进行模拟演练)
九、时间关联类:
1. in the pre-disaster stage(在灾前阶段)
2. during the disaster occurrence(在灾害发生期间)
3. in the post-disaster period(在灾后时期)
十、环境关联类:
1. coastal areas at risk(面临风险的沿海地区)
2. mountainous regions prone to disasters(易受灾的山区)
3. flood-prone plains(易受洪水侵袭的平原)
4. drought-stricken regions(遭受干旱的地区)
5. forested areas vulnerable to fire(易发生火灾的林区)
6. urban areas under threat(受到威胁的城市地区)
7. disaster-stricken communities(受灾社区)

◆经典佳句
一、灾害描述类:
1. A massive earthquake measuring 7.0 on the Richter scale hit [place name], leaving the city in ruins.(一场里氏 7.0 级的大地震袭击了 [地名],使这座城市沦为废墟。)
2. The typhoon swept through the coastal areas, with winds blowing at a speed of over 150 kilometers per hour.(台风席卷了沿海地区,风速超过每小时 150 公里。)
3. A sudden flood, caused by continuous heavy rain, submerged large areas of farmland.(由持续暴雨引发的一场突如其来的洪水,淹没了大片农田。)
二、成因解释类:
1. Earthquakes mainly occur due to the movement and collision of tectonic plates beneath the Earth's surface.(地震主要是由于地球表面下的构造板块运动和碰撞而发生。)
2. Droughts are often the result of long-term lack of rainfall combined with high evaporation rates.(干旱通常是长期缺乏降雨以及高蒸发率共同作用的结果。)
3. Forest fires can be triggered by a single spark from a discarded cigarette or a bolt of lightning.(森林火灾可能由一个丢弃的烟头产生的一点火花或一道闪电引发。)
三、破坏影响类:
1. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and power lines.(飓风对基础设施造成了广泛破坏,包括道路、桥梁和电线。)
2. The landslide not only destroyed numerous houses but also blocked the main traffic arteries.(山体滑坡不仅摧毁了许多房屋,还堵塞了主要交通干道。)
3. The tsunami wiped out whole communities, leaving thousands of people homeless.(海啸摧毁了整个社区,使成千上万的人无家可归。)
四、防范措施类:
1. It is essential that we reinforce buildings to make them more resistant to earthquakes.(我们必须加固建筑物,使其更能抵御地震,这一点至关重要。)
2. Governments should establish advanced early warning systems to alert people in time before disasters strike.(政府应该建立先进的预警系统,以便在灾害来袭前及时向人们发出警报。)
3. Regular emergency drills should be conducted in schools and workplaces to improve people's response capabilities.(学校和工作场所应定期进行应急演练,以提高人们的应对能力。)
五、应对行动类:
4. When a disaster occurs, people should immediately seek shelter in a safe place, such as a basement or a sturdy building.(当灾难发生时,人们应立即在安全的地方寻找避难所,如地下室或坚固的建筑物。)
5. Rescue teams rushed to the disaster-stricken area as soon as possible to save lives and provide medical assistance.(救援队尽快奔赴受灾地区,拯救生命并提供医疗援助。)
6. Volunteers played a crucial role in distributing food, water, and other necessities to the affected population.(志愿者在向受灾民众分发食物、水和其他必需品方面发挥了关键作用。)
六、恢复重建类:
1. After the disaster, the local government launched a series of reconstruction projects to rebuild the damaged city.(灾难过后,当地政府启动了一系列重建项目来重建受损的城市。)
2. With the joint efforts of the whole community, we are gradually restoring the normal life order.(在整个社区的共同努力下,我们正在逐步恢复正常的生活秩序。)
3. The restoration of damaged ecosystems requires long-term planning and continuous investment.(受损生态系统的恢复需要长期规划和持续投入。)
七、组织人员类:
1. The local government is responsible for coordinating all aspects of disaster prevention and relief work.(当地政府负责协调防灾救灾工作的各个方面。)
2. Professional experts are summoned to assess the disaster situation and provide scientific solutions.(召集专业专家来评估灾情并提供科学解决方案。)
3. Ordinary citizens can also contribute to disaster prevention by learning basic self-help and mutual aid skills.(普通市民也可以通过学习基本的自救和互助技能为防灾做出贡献。)
八、科技应用类:
1. By using satellite technology, we can monitor the movement of disasters in real time and take timely measures.(通过使用卫星技术,我们可以实时监测灾害的动向并及时采取措施。)
2. Drones equipped with cameras are deployed to survey the disaster area and transmit back images.(配备摄像头的无人机被部署去勘察灾区并传回图像。)
3. Big data analysis helps predict the occurrence and intensity of disasters more accurately.(大数据分析有助于更准确地预测灾害的发生和强度。)
九、时间关联类:
1. In the pre-disaster stage, it is necessary to stockpile sufficient emergency supplies.(在灾前阶段,储备足够的应急物资是必要的。)
2. During the disaster, people need to stay calm and follow the instructions of the rescue team.(在灾害期间,人们需要保持冷静并听从救援队的指示。)
3. In the post-disaster period, psychological counseling should be provided to those affected to help them recover.(在灾后时期,应为受灾者提供心理咨询以帮助他们恢复。)
十、比较对比类:
1. Compared with traditional disaster prevention methods, modern technologies can provide more accurate warnings and faster responses.(与传统的防灾方法相比,现代技术可以提供更准确的警报和更快的反应。)
2. Some regions are more vulnerable to certain disasters than others due to their geographical locations.(由于地理位置的原因,一些地区比其他地区更容易遭受某些灾害。)
3. The damage caused by natural disasters in developed countries is often less severe than that in developing countries, mainly because of better infrastructure and disaster prevention systems.(发达国家自然灾害造成的破坏往往不如发展中国家严重,主要是因为有更好的基础设施和防灾系统。)
十一、建议呼吁类:
1. It is high time that we took more effective measures to protect our environment and reduce the occurrence of natural disasters.(是时候我们采取更有效的措施来保护环境,减少自然灾害的发生了。)
2. We should encourage everyone to participate in disaster prevention education programs to raise public awareness.(我们应该鼓励每个人都参与防灾教育项目,以提高公众意识。)
3. Let's work together to build a more resilient world in the face of natural disasters.(让我们共同努力,在自然灾害面前建设一个更具韧性的世界。)
十二、因果关系类:
1. Because of the lack of proper forest management, the risk of forest fires has increased significantly.(由于缺乏适当的森林管理,森林火灾的风险显著增加。)
2. The destruction of wetlands has led to more frequent floods in some areas.(湿地的破坏导致一些地区洪水更加频繁。)
3. Owing to the improvement of early warning systems, the number of casualties in disasters has been greatly reduced.(由于预警系统的改进,灾害中的伤亡人数大大减少。)

◆优美语段
一、地震防范(Earthquake Prevention)
In recent years, earthquakes have frequently occurred in some regions. An earthquake can be extremely destructive, shaking buildings apart and endangering lives. To prevent its impact, buildings should be designed with advanced seismic technology. Schools and workplaces should conduct regular earthquake drills. When an earthquake hits, people need to stay calm and quickly find a safe place, like under a sturdy table. Only by being well-prepared can we reduce the losses caused by earthquakes.
近年来,地震在一些地区频繁发生。地震极具破坏性,能震垮建筑物,危及生命。为防范其影响,建筑物应采用先进的抗震技术设计。学校和工作场所应定期进行地震演练。当地震来袭时,人们要保持冷静,迅速找到安全的地方,比如坚固的桌子底下。只有做好充分准备,我们才能减少地震造成的损失。
二、洪水应对(Dealing with Floods)
Floods often bring great disasters. Heavy rain and river overflows can submerge vast areas. Local governments should reinforce levees and build flood diversion channels. Meanwhile, people living in flood-prone areas should pay attention to flood warnings. When floods come, they should evacuate to higher ground in time. After the flood, the community needs to work together to clean up and disinfect, aiming to restore normal life as soon as possible.
洪水常常带来巨大灾难。暴雨和河水泛滥会淹没大片地区。当地政府应加固堤坝,修建分洪渠道。同时,居住在易受洪水侵袭地区的人们要留意洪水预警。洪水来临时,他们应及时撤离到地势较高的地方。洪水过后,社区需要齐心协力进行清理和消毒,争取尽快恢复正常生活。
三、森林火灾预防(Forest Fire Prevention)
Forest fires can cause irreversible damage to the ecosystem. Most forest fires result from human activities, such as careless use of fire in the forest. To prevent them, it's crucial to strengthen publicity about fire prevention knowledge. Forest rangers should patrol regularly. In addition, setting up firebreaks is an effective measure. Everyone should raise awareness and jointly protect our precious forest resources.
森林火灾会对生态系统造成不可逆转的损害。大多数森林火灾是由人类活动引起的,比如在森林中用火不慎。为预防火灾,加强防火知识宣传至关重要。护林员应定期巡逻。此外,设置防火带是一项有效措施。每个人都应提高意识,共同保护我们宝贵的森林资源。
四、台风防御(Typhoon Defense)
Typhoons are fierce natural disasters. With strong winds and heavy rain, they can devastate coastal cities. Before a typhoon arrives, people should reinforce doors and windows, and stockpile food and water. During the typhoon, stay indoors and away from windows. After it passes, check for damages and help with the recovery work. The whole society should cooperate to withstand the impact of typhoons.
台风是凶猛的自然灾害。伴随着狂风暴雨,它们能摧毁沿海城市。在台风到来之前,人们应加固门窗,储备食物和水。台风期间,待在室内,远离窗户。台风过后,检查损失情况并协助恢复工作。全社会应共同合作抵御台风的影响。
五、干旱应对(Coping with Drought)
Drought is a silent disaster that gradually affects agriculture and people's lives. It usually stems from long-term lack of rainfall. Farmers can adopt water-saving irrigation methods, like drip irrigation. The government should also allocate funds to build water conservancy facilities to store water. Moreover, people should raise awareness of water conservation in daily life. By taking these measures, we can better deal with drought.
干旱是一种悄然发生的灾害,逐渐影响农业和人们的生活。它通常源于长期缺乏降雨。农民可以采用节水灌溉方式,如滴灌。政府也应拨款修建水利设施来蓄水。此外,人们在日常生活中应提高节水意识。通过采取这些措施,我们能更好地应对干旱。

◆素材运用
经典考题1(地震防范建议)
假设你是李华,你的外国笔友 Tom 所在的城市近期频发小地震,他感到很担忧。请你给他写一封电子邮件,介绍一些地震防范的基本知识和建议,帮助他减轻焦虑,字数 100 词左右。
范文一(简洁实用型):
Dear Tom,
I'm sorry to hear that your city has experienced frequent small earthquakes recently. Don't worry too much. Here are some tips for you.
Firstly, make sure your furniture is fixed firmly, like tables and beds, so they won't move easily during an earthquake. Secondly, prepare an emergency kit with food, water, flashlight and first-aid supplies. When an earthquake hits, stay calm and find a safe place, such as under a doorway.
Remember, being prepared can help you stay safe. Hope you'll be okay.
Yours,
Li Hua
亮点点评:
1. 结构清晰:采用书信格式,开篇点明写信目的,中间分点阐述建议,结尾给予安慰,层次分明。
2. 内容完整:涵盖了固定家具、准备应急包、地震时的应对等关键防范知识,满足题目要求。
3. 语言准确:用词简单准确,如 “experience,fix firmly” 等,语法正确,无明显错误。
4. 亮点词句:“Don't worry too much.” 安抚对方情绪,“make sure” 引导祈使句提出建议,自然流畅。
范文二(生动详细型):
Dear Tom,
Learning that your city has been troubled by small earthquakes lately, I truly understand your concerns. But relax, there are several effective ways to protect yourself.
You'd better check and reinforce the furniture at home. For instance, use brackets to fasten tables and chairs to the floor. Also, assemble an emergency kit which should include enough food and water to last for at least three days, a powerful flashlight, and essential first-aid items.
When the ground starts shaking, don't panic. Quickly get under a sturdy table or stand in a doorway, covering your head and neck with your hands. Stay away from windows and glass doors.
Trust me, with these precautions, you'll be well-prepared to face any potential earthquake. Take care!
Yours,
Li Hua
亮点点评:
1. 结构清晰:同样遵循书信规范,开头表达共情后引入主题,中间详述防范措施,结尾增强信心,逻辑连贯。
2. 内容完整:不仅有基本建议,还细化如加固家具的方法、应急包物品的具体要求,内容充实。
3. 语言准确:语言丰富多样,“be troubled by,reinforce,assemble” 等词汇运用恰当,语法严谨。
4. 亮点词句:“Learning that...” 分词短语作状语开头自然,“For instance” 举例使内容更具体,增强可读性。

经典考题2(台风灾害及防范)
请你根据以下提示,写一篇 120 词左右的短文介绍台风灾害及防范措施。提示:台风常发生在沿海地区,带来狂风、暴雨,能摧毁房屋、吹倒树木等;防范措施包括关注天气预报、加固门窗、储备物资等。
范文一(条理型):
Typhoons are fierce natural disasters that usually strike coastal areas. They bring strong winds and torrential rain, which can cause great destruction. Houses may be destroyed, trees uprooted, and power lines damaged, leading to power outages.
To protect ourselves, we need to take some precautions. Firstly, pay close attention to weather forecasts so that we can get informed in advance. Secondly, reinforce doors and windows to withstand the strong wind. Last but not least, stockpile food, water and other necessities before the typhoon arrives.
By doing so, we can reduce the potential harm caused by typhoons.
亮点点评:
1. 结构清晰:开头点明台风是灾害及发生区域,接着阐述危害,再讲防范措施,最后总结,一目了然。
2. 内容完整:完整描述台风危害如破坏房屋、树木、电力设施,防范措施也面面俱到。
3. 语言准确:词汇运用准确,如 “strike,uproot,withstand”,句子结构正确。
4. 亮点词句:“Last but not least” 连接最后一点建议,使文章结构紧凑,“lead to” 体现因果关系。
范文二(文采型):
Typhoons, like roaring beasts, frequently rage along the coastlines. Their arrival heralds a tempest of chaos, with howling winds and drenching rain that can lay waste to everything in their path. Buildings crumble, ancient trees topple, and the once bustling streets are plunged into darkness as power fails.
However, we are not defenseless. Keeping a vigilant eye on weather reports allows us to brace ourselves in time. Strengthening our home's defenses by fortifying doors and windows is crucial. Moreover, a well-stocked pantry with ample food, clean water, and essential supplies can see us through the storm.
In the face of these mighty typhoons, preparedness is our shield and safeguard.
亮点点评:
1. 结构清晰:开头形象比喻引入台风危害,中间转折提出防范,结尾总结强调,层次分明。
2. 内容完整:危害描写生动,防范要点清晰,内容完整且有感染力。
3. 语言准确:语言优美且准确,“roaring beasts,herald,crumble” 等词增添文采,语法无误。
4. 亮点词句:比喻句 “Typhoons, like roaring beasts” 开篇吸睛,“plunge into darkness” 描绘停电场景生动。

经典考题3(人类活动与自然灾害关系)
有些人认为人类活动对自然灾害的发生有很大影响,另一些人则认为自然灾害主要是自然因素造成的。请你就此写一篇 120 词左右的议论文,阐述你的观点。
范文一(观点明确型):
In my opinion, human activities do have a significant impact on natural disasters. With the development of industry, excessive deforestation has been carried out, which weakens the soil's ability to retain water and increases the risk of floods and landslides. Moreover, the emission of greenhouse gases leads to global warming, triggering more extreme weather like droughts and heatwaves.
Though natural factors exist, we can't ignore our own actions. We should take responsibility and adopt sustainable development strategies to reduce the occurrence of disasters and protect our planet.
亮点点评:
1. 结构清晰:开篇提出自己观点,中间举例论证人类活动如砍伐森林、排放温室气体的影响,结尾总结呼吁,结构严谨。
2. 内容完整:紧扣主题,从两个方面阐述人类活动引发灾害,内容有深度。
3. 语言准确:用词恰当,如 “excessive,weaken,trigger”,语法正确,论证有力。
4. 亮点词句:“In my opinion” 明确观点,“With the development of industry” 引出原因,逻辑连贯。
范文二(辩证分析型):
There is an ongoing debate about the relationship between human activities and natural disasters. On one hand, it's undeniable that natural factors like plate movements and volcanic eruptions are the root causes of many disasters. Earthquakes and tsunamis often originate from these natural forces.
On the other hand, human actions have undeniably exacerbated the situation. Deforestation changes the ecological balance, and urban sprawl increases the vulnerability to floods.
In conclusion, we should recognize both aspects and strive to mitigate the negative impacts of human activities while preparing for natural forces. Only in this way can we coexist with nature harmoniously.
亮点点评:
1. 结构清晰:开头引出争论,从正反两方面分析,结尾总结提出应对方法,条理清晰。
2. 内容完整:全面探讨人类与自然因素对灾害的作用,不片面,内容完整客观。
3. 语言准确:语言表达准确,“ongoing debate,exacerbate” 等词运用得当,论证合理。
4. 亮点词句:“On one hand...On the other hand” 结构使论述辩证,“strive to” 表达决心,增强说服力。