ARTICLE · 1037022
初中英语必考: spend、cost、pay、take 4个“花费”一次分清
初中英语必考: spend、cost、pay、take 4个“花费”一次分清
四个单词都翻译为“花费”，但主语不一样、搭配不一样，是中考高频考点。一、核心用法 1. spend 主语：人 含义：花费时间 / 金钱固定搭配：- sb. spend +时间/金钱 on sth. 在某物上花费……- sb. spend +时间/金钱 (in) doing sth. 花费……做某事（in可以省略）1. I spend an hour (in) cooking supper every day. 我每天花一小时做晚饭。2. Father spent more than two hundred Yuan on the books for us.爸爸为我们买书花了两百多元。3. She spends two hours on housework every morning.她每天早上花两小时做家务。4. Father spent thirty‑six Yuan (in) buying school supplies for me.爸爸给我买学习用品花了36元。※: spend money for sth 表示“花钱为了买某物”，考试优先记on / (in) doing。 2. pay 主语：人含义：付钱，侧重付款动作，大多接金钱固定搭配：- sb. pay +钱 for sth. 为某物付钱- pay back 偿还；pay off 付清1. My friend paid one hundred and fifty Yuan for lunch.我朋友为午餐付了150元。2. I paid eighty Yuan for the beef.我花80元买牛肉。3. I will pay back the money I borrowed from you next week.我下周会归还向你借的钱。4. It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.他得用余生来还清那笔贷款。3. cost 主语：物 / 事情（不能是人） 含义：某物花掉某人多少钱固定搭配：sth. cost (sb.) +金钱1. The skirt costs me ¥50.这条裙子花了我50元。2. The repair of the machine cost him $50. 修理这台机器花了他50美元。4. take 主语：常用形式主语 it；也可以是某件事含义：主要花费时间固定搭配：It takes sb. +时间 to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间1. It took me forty minutes to finish my homework last night.昨晚完成作业花了我四十分钟。2. It took the car master a few hours to fix the car.师傅花了几个小时修好这辆小汽车。二、快速口诀:人spend，人pay；物cost，it来take。spend后on/doing；pay找for；cost物作头；take It …to do。三、专项练习题（单选） 1. I ____ two hours reading books every weekend.A. cost B. spend C. take D. pay2. This new bike ____ me 800 yuan last year.A. spent B. took C. cost D. paid3. He ____ 120 yuan for that shirt yesterday.A. paid B. spent C. cost D. took4. It ____ my mother three hours to clean the house.A. spends B. costs C. pays D. takes5. —How much did you ____ for the bag?‑Two hundred yuan.A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take6. She ____ lots of time on her homework.A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays7. It ____ us two days ____ finish the work.A. spent; to B. took; to C. cost; for D. paid; for8. The ticket ____ me fifty yuan.A. spent B. paid C. cost D. took四、答案+简要解析1. B 主语是人，spend time doing sth2. C 主语bike是物，sth cost sb +钱3. A pay …for sth 为……付款4. D It takes sb +时间 to do5. B pay for 固定搭配6. A sb spend time on sth7. B It takes sb some time to do sth8. C 主语 ticket是物，用cost五、句型转换题（每空一词） 1. I spent 100 yuan on this dictionary.→ This dictionary ______ ______ 100 yuan.2. The new bike cost me 800 yuan.→ I ______ 800 yuan ______ the new bike.→ I ______ 800 yuan ______ the new bike.3. It took her two hours to do the housework.→ She ______ two hours ______ the housework.→ She ______ two hours ______ the housework.4. My father paid 50 yuan for the shirt.→ My father ______ 50 yuan ______ the shirt.→ The shirt ______ my father 50 yuan.5. We spent three days visiting the ancient town.→ It ______ us three days ______ ______ the ancient town.七、答案与解析:1. This dictionary cost me 100 yuan.- 主语由人（I）→ 物（dictionary），用 cost；cost 的过去式仍为 cost。2. I spent 800 yuan on the new bike. / I paid 800 yuan for the new bike.- 物作主语（cost）→ 人作主语：spend … on sth. 或 pay … for sth.。3. She spent two hours on the housework. / She spent two hours doing the housework.- It takes sb. time to do sth. → sb. spend time on sth. / (in) doing sth.。4. My father spent 50 yuan on the shirt. / The shirt cost my father 50 yuan.- pay … for … → spend … on …（人作主语）；或直接换成 cost（物作主语）。5. It took us three days to visit the ancient town.- spend time doing sth. → It takes sb. time to do sth.；注意时态保持一致（过去式 took）。八、记忆口诀（再巩固一遍）人 spend / 人 pay；物 cost；it take。spend 后接 on sth. 或 (in) doing sth.；pay 后接 for sth.；cost 直接接人 + 钱；take 走 "It takes sb. 时间 to do"。以上是我今天的分享 ，如果你喜欢，请在评论区留言、点赞、推荐、收藏或者转发给您身边有需要的人，我每天都在这里分享有关 ※ 英语学习方法。