【灿烂六月 · 高考金8 卷】
备战2026 年高考英语模拟卷（上海卷06）
（笔试部分：115 分）
II.
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1 分；共20 分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of
the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
It is often thought that the industrialization of work has a huge impact on the lives of people
who use the new machines and 1 society as a whole. For example, some believe that
women working in industry left their traditional role in the household and changed their place in
society. In the 19th century, 2 women started working in factories, a French politician,
Jules Simon, warned that this would make women lose their traditional role. On the other hand,
Friedrich Engels predicted that technology 3 (free) women from the social, legal, and
economic limits of the family, by allowing all women to work in public industries.
Historians, especially 4 who studying women’s history, now doubt this idea of
dramatic change. They argue that major inventions like spinning jenny, sewing machine,
typewriter and vacuum cleaner did not lead to big changes in women’s economic status or 5
society valued their work. For example, young women working during the Industrial Revolution
were simply continuing an older pattern in 6 single women work as servants. In the
20th century, more married women worked outside the home, not because of labor-saving devices
or more free time, 7 because they needed money and there were fewer single women
available to hire.
Women’s work 8 (shift) from the home to offices and factories, and from blue-
collar to white-collar jobs over the past 200 years. However, the basic conditions of women’s
work have changed little since before the Industrial Revolution: jobs are still divided by gender,
women are paid less, and their work often requires low skill with little chance for advancement. At
the same time, women’s household work remains 9 demand). Recent studies have
challenged the idea 10 technology always brings revolutionary social change. In fact,
industrialization may have slowed changes in women’s traditional roles both at work and at home.
【答案】
1．on 2．when 3．would free 4．those 5．how 6．which 7．but
8．has shifted 9．demanding 10．that
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们对工业化工作对人类生活及社会整体影响的
不同看法，重点探讨了工业化对女性工作角色、经济地位的影响，指出工业化并未给女性
传统角色带来革命性改变。
1．考查介词。句意：人们通常认为，工作的工业化对使用新机器的人们的生活以及整个社
会都有巨大的影响。have an impact on...（对……有影响），此处与前文on the lives of
people 并列，均表示“对……的影响”，所以用介词on。故填on。
2．考查连词。句意：在19 世纪，当女性开始在工厂工作时，法国政治家朱尔斯·西蒙警告
说，这将使女性失去她们的传统角色。此处引导时间状语从句，结合句意，“女性开始在
工厂工作”是“法国政治家发出警告”的时间背景，所以用连词when（当……时）。故填
when。
3．考查动词时态。句意：另一方面，弗里德里希·恩格斯预测，技术将通过允许所有女性
在公共行业工作，把女性从家庭的社会、法律和经济限制中解放出来。此处为宾语从句的
谓语动词，主句谓语predicted 为一般过去时，从句描述的是过去预测的未来发生的事情，
要用过去将来时，所以用would free。故填would free。
4．考查代词。句意：历史学家们，尤其是那些研究女性历史的历史学家，现在对这种剧烈
变化的观点提出了质疑。此处为同类异物特指，上文historians 是复数，为避免重复，此处
应用those。故填those。
5．考查连词。句意：他们认为，像珍妮纺纱机、缝纫机、打字机和吸尘器这样的重大发明，
并没有给女性的经济地位或社会如何评价她们的工作带来重大变化。此处引导宾语从句，
作介词in 的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，所以用连词how。故填how。
6．考查定语从句。句意：例如，工业革命期间工作的年轻女性，只是在延续一种更古老的
模式，在这种模式中单身女性做仆人。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行
词为pattern，指物，作介词in 的宾语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。
7．考查连词。句意：在20 世纪，更多已婚女性外出工作，不是因为省力设备或更多空闲
时间，而是因为她们需要钱，而且可供雇佣的单身女性更少了。not...but...（不是……而
是……），此处表示转折关系，否定前文原因，肯定后文原因，所以用连词but。故填
but。
8．考查动词时态。句意：在过去的200 年里，女性的工作已经从家庭转移到了办公室和工
厂，从蓝领工作转移到了白领工作。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语over the past 200
years，可知要用现在完成时，主语Women’s work 为不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has
shifted。
9．考查形容词。句意：与此同时，女性的家务劳动仍然很繁重。此处作系动词remains 的
表语，需要用形容词，demand 的形容词形式demanding“费力的，繁重的”符合句意。故填
demanding。
10．考查同位语从句。句意：最近的研究对技术总是带来革命性社会变革这一观点提出了
挑战。此处引导同位语从句，解释说明先行词the idea 的具体内容，从句句意完整、成分齐
全，所以用连词that。故填that。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used
only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．unsettled B．leap C． admittedly D．point E. raw F. confirmed
G. grant H. short I. brake J. naturally K. weakened
The MacArthur Foundation late last month announced its latest crop of “genius grants”, and
once again you thought maybe, just maybe, this was your year.
And why not? These days, we’re all geniuses. We might be “marketing geniuses” or
“cooking geniuses” or “TV geniuses”. We have so 11 “genius” that it’s fast joining the
company of “natural” and “mindful”, words left inactive through overuse and misuse.
The word is 12 tough to nail down. Sometimes we assume genius equivalent to
13 intelligence. But many of humanity’s greatest breakthroughs were achieved by those with
only modest IQs.
Sometimes we think of the genius as someone extremely knowledgeable, but that definition
also falls 14 . During Albert Einstein’s time, other scientists knew more physics than
Einstein did, but history doesn’t remember them. That’s because they didn’t make use of that
knowledge the way Einstein did. They weren’t able to, as he put it, “regard old questions from a
new angle”.
The genius is not a know-it-all but a see-it-all, someone who, working with the material
available to all of us, is able to make surprising and useful connections. True genius involves not
merely an extra advance, but a conceptual 15 . As philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer put it:
Talent hits the target no one else can hit; genius hits the target no one else can see.
We’ve lost sight of this truth, and too often 16 the title of genius on talented people
hitting visible targets. A good example is the much-boasted announcement earlier this year that
scientists had, for the first time, recorded the sound of two black holes bumping, a billion light-
years away. It was a remarkable discovery, no doubt, but it did not represent a dramatic shift in
how we understand the universe. It merely 17 Einstein’s general theory of relativity.
As Plato observed, “What is honored in a country is cultivated there.” What do we honor?
Digital technology, and the convenience it represents, so 18 we get a Steve Jobs or a Mark
Zuckerberg as our “geniuses”, which, in point of fact, they aren’t.
The iPhone and Facebook are wonderful inventions. In many ways, they make our lives a
bit easier, a bit more convenient. If anything, though, a true genius makes our lives more difficult,
more 19 . William Shakespeare’s words provide more anxiety than relief, and the world
felt a bit more secure before Charles Darwin came along. Zuckerberg and Jobs may have changed
our world, but they haven’t yet changed our worldview.
We need to recover genius, and a good place to start is by pressing the 20 on
Genius Flooding.
【答案】
11．K 12．C 13．E 14．H 15．B 16．G 17．F 18．J 19．
A 20．I
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了“天才”这一概念在当下被滥用的现象。文章指
出如今“天才”一词被过度且错误地使用，真正的天才应具备独特的视角和突破能力，而
非仅因取得常规成果就被授予这一称号，呼吁重新审视对“天才”的定义。
11．考查动词。句意：我们已经如此削弱了“天才”（这个词的意义），以至于它很快就
和“自然的”“留心的”这些因过度使用和滥用而失去活力的词为伍了。“ weakened”是
“weaken”的过去分词，意为“削弱；使……变弱”。分析句子，“have +过去分词”构成
现在完成时，这里表达由于不当使用，“天才”一词原本的意义被削弱，“weakened”符合
语境，体现对“天才”一词意义的改变。故填K。
12．考查副词。句意：诚然，这个词很难确切定义。“admittedly”意为“诚然；不可否认
地”。分析句子，该词置于句首，修饰整个句子，用于引出对“天才”定义困难这一观点
的阐述，表达一种让步、承认事实的态度，“admittedly”符合语境。故填C。
13．考查形容词。句意：有时我们认为天才等同于原始的智力。“raw”意思是“原始的；
未经加工的”。分析句子，“intelligence”是名词，需用形容词修饰，“raw intelligence”表
示未经后天过多雕琢、纯粹天然的智力，“raw”符合语境，用于描述我们对天才智力方面
的一种假设。故填E。
14．考查形容词。句意：有时我们认为天才是知识极其渊博的人，但这个定义也有不足之
处。“short”在这里表示“不足的；欠缺的”。分析句子，“fall short”为固定短语，意思是
“不足；达不到（标准等）”，根据“bu”可知，此句表明这个关于天才的定义存在缺陷，
“short”符合语境。故填H。
15．考查名词。句意：真正的天才不仅涉及额外的进步，而是概念上的飞跃。“leap”意为
“跳跃；飞跃”。分析句子，“a conceptual +名词”结构，结合前文对天才超越常人之处
的讨论，这里用“leap”来体现天才在概念层面的重大突破，“leap”符合语境。故填B。
16．考查动词。句意：我们忽视了这个事实，并且常常把天才的称号授予那些达到可见目
标的有才华的人。“grant”意思是“授予；给予”。分析句子，句子缺少谓语动词，“grant
sth. on sb.”表示“把某物授予某人”，根据后文“title of genius on talented people hitting
visible targets.”可知，这里指将“天才”称号给予有才华但不一定符合真正天才定义的人，
“grant”符合语境。故填G。
17．考查动词。句意：它仅仅证实了爱因斯坦的广义相对论。“confirmed”是“confirm”的
过去式，意为“证实；确认”。分析句子，句子缺少谓语动词，根据“Einstein’s general
theory of relativity.”可知，该发现对爱因斯坦的理论起到了证实作用，“confirmed”符合语
境，描述该发现与爱因斯坦理论之间的关系。故填F。
18．考查副词。句意：我们崇尚什么？数字技术及其代表的便利，所以自然而然地我们把
史蒂夫·乔布斯或马克·扎克伯格当作我们的“天才”，而事实上，他们并不是。
“naturally”意为“自然地”。分析句子，此副词修饰整个句子，表明由于我们崇尚数字技
术及其便利，顺理成章地将相关人物视为天才，“naturally”符合语境，体现一种因果关系
中的自然承接。故填J。
19．考查形容词。句意：如果说有什么不同的话，一个真正的天才会让我们的生活更艰难
更不安定。“unsettled”意思是“不安定的；动荡的”。分析句子，“more +形容词”构成
比较级，与“more difficult”并列，描述真正天才对生活产生的影响，结合后文举例，
“unsettled”符合语境，体现天才给世界带来的不确定性。故填A。
20．考查名词。句意：我们需要重新找回“天才”的真正含义，一个好的开始方式是对
“天才泛滥”踩刹车。“brake”意为“刹车”。分析句子，“press the +名词”，这里用
“brake”形象地表达要对当下滥用“天才”称号这种“天才泛滥”的情况加以遏制，
“brake”符合语境。故填I。
III.
Reading Comprehension (41 – 55 题，每题1 分；56 – 70 题，每题2
分；共45 分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked
A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
We are quite good at letting our minds wander while performing a routine motor skill. We
can do the dinner dishes while thinking about our next vacation, or drink coffee while reading a
newspaper. But psychologists ask this question: Do multitasking humans operate effectively and
efficiently when they really need to 21 ？
The 22 suggests that the answer is no. One problem is interference (干扰). In the
1930s, the psychologist John Ridley Stroop showed there is a danger of 23 when the
brain receives unexpected information while carrying out a routine task. To see what he found, try
this exercise: Say the name of each shape in Column 1 out loud. Then, do the same for Column 2.
Then, do the same for Column 3.
Most likely you completed the first column 24 , went a bit slower in the second
column and hesitated, or even made an error, in the third column. Because you are much quicker
at reading words out loud than naming shapes, you had difficulty 25 the incorrect
information that you read. Of course, this exercise is a bit unnatural, but it shows that multitaskers
are very likely to make mistakes and hesitate if they get interference from the 26 set of
stimuli while switching between tasks.
Research also suggests that switching between tasks significantly 27 completion.
If the two tasks are very routine and not too much 28 — say, singing along to a new
tune while milking a crying baby — the brain does not need to switch between the tasks because
the two require different input channels. The humming requires listening and singing, while the
milking requires sight and the use of arm and hand muscles. But when a similar kind of attention
is needed, the pace 29 as the brain must switch back and forth between the two tasks.
A study in the Journal of Experimental Psychology found that switching between tasks like
solving math problems and identifying shapes increases time 30 , especially with
unfamiliar tasks. The brain takes longer to switch and assign resources due to the need to activate
different sets of rules for each task. This delay makes multitasking less 31 than
focusing on one task. 32 , the brain shows less neural (神经的) activity when handling
two complex tasks at the same time, leading to longer completion times. For example,
multitaskers took 1.5 times longer to write a report and check email compared to those who did
each task 33 .
All these 34 do not mean that you should never “whistle while you work”. But
what about the digital showoff who sits through a university lecture while text-messaging on a
tiny mobile phone screen? Remind them of this: The 35 machinery of our digital
world was most likely developed by very single-minded people concentrating intently on a single
task.
21．A．hurry
B．interfere
C．negotiate
D．concentrate
22．A．experience
B．estimation
C．evidence
D．emphasis
23．A．disappointmentB．injury
C．misunderstanding
D．error
24．A．accidentally
B．innovatively
C．effortlessly
D．repeatedly
25．A．remembering
B．ignoring
C．generating
D．withdrawing
26．A．internal
B．diverse
C．wrong
D．weak
27．A．delays
B．ensures
C．monitors
D．arranges
28．A．simple
B．alike
C．necessary
D．interesting
29．A．slows
B．increases
C．varies
D．continues
30．A．saved
B．lost
C．tracked
D．found
31．A．popular
B．complex
C．efficient
D．challenging
32．A．Fortunately
B．Additionally
C．Ultimately
D．Alternatively
33．A．separately
B．regularly
C．vigorously
D．originally
34．A．requirements
B．tasks
C．concerns
D．negatives
35．A．multitasking
B．mechanical
C．specialized
D．packaging
【答案】
21．D 22．C 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．
A 30．B 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨人类在真正需要集中精力时，多任务处理是否能高
效进行，并通过实验等证据阐述多任务处理存在干扰、延迟等问题。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但心理学家提出这样一个问题：当人类真正需要集中精力
时，同时处理多项任务能做到既有效又高效吗？A. hurry 匆忙；B. interfere 干扰；C.
negotiate 协商；D. concentrate 集中精力。根据前文“ Do multitasking humans operate
effectively and efficiently”可知，这里问多任务处理在需要 集中注意力”时是否有效。故选
D。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：证据表明答案是否定的。A. experience 经历；B. estimation
估计；C. evidence 证据；D. emphasis 强调。根据后文“the answer is no”以及后文通过实验
等说明多任务处理的问题，这些是证明答案是否定的证据，故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：20 世纪30 年代，心理学家约翰·里德利·斯特鲁普（John
Ridley Stroop）表明，当大脑在执行常规任务时接收到意外信息，就存在出错的风险。A.
disappointment 失望；B. injury 受伤；C. misunderstanding 误解；D. error 错误。根据后文
“or even made an error, in the third column.”可知，做的实验中人们在第三列容易出错，所
以这里是存在出错风险，故选D。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：很可能你毫不费力地完成了第一列，在第二列速度慢了一
些，而在第三列犹豫了，甚至出了错。A. accidentally 偶然地；B. innovatively 创新地；C.
effortlessly 毫不费力地；D. repeatedly 反复地。根据后文“went a bit slower in the second
column and hesitated, or even made an error, in the third column.”可知，在第二列变慢，第三
列出错，可知第一列完成得轻松，故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为你大声读单词比说出形状名称要快得多，所以你很难
忽略读到的错误信息。A. remembering 记住；B. ignoring 忽略；C. generating 产生；D.
withdrawing 撤回。根据前文“Because you are much quicker at reading words out loud than
naming shapes,”可知，在实验中因为读单词快，所以难以忽略单词信息，从而在说形状名
称时受干扰，故选B。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，这个练习有点不自然，但它表明，多任务处理者
在任务之间切换时，如果受到错误刺激的干扰，很可能会犯错和犹豫。A. internal 内部的；
B. diverse 多样的；C. wrong 错误的；D. weak 弱的。根据前文“multitaskers are very likely
to make mistakes”可知，读单词对于说形状名称来说是错误的刺激，导致多任务处理者出错，
故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究还表明，在任务之间切换会显著延迟完成时间。A.
delays 延迟；B. ensures 确保；C. monitors 监控；D. arranges 安排。根据前文“switching
between tasks significantly”以及后文“A study in the Journal of Experimental Psychology found
that switching between tasks like solving math problems and identifying shapes increases time.”提
到切换任务会增加时间可知。是延迟完成，故选A。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果这两项任务非常常规，且不太相似——比如说，一
边给哭闹的婴儿喂奶，一边跟着新曲调哼唱——大脑不需要在任务之间切换，因为这两项
任务需要不同的输入渠道。A. simple 简单的；B. alike 相似的；C. necessary 必要的；D.
interesting 有趣的。根据后文“say, singing along to a new tune while milking a crying baby—
the brain does not need to switch between the tasks because the two require different input
channels.”可知，举例两项任务需要不同输入渠道，大脑无需切换，可知是说任务不太相似，
故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当需要类似的注意力时，速度会减慢，因为大脑必须在
两项任务之间来回切换。A. slows 减慢；B. increases 增加；C. varies 变化；D. continues 继
续。根据前文说切换任务会延迟完成以及后文“ as the brain must switch back and forth
between the two tasks.”可知，这里类似注意力需求下大脑要切换任务，所以速度减慢。故选
A。
30 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：《实验心理学杂志》（Journal of Experimental
Psychology）上的一项研究发现，在解决数学问题和识别形状等任务之间切换会增加时间
消耗，尤其是对于不熟悉的任务。A. saved 节省；B. lost 失去，消耗；C. tracked 追踪；D.
found 发现。根据前文“Research also suggests that switching between tasks significantly_____
completion.”说切换任务延迟完成，可知是增加时间消耗，故选B。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种延迟使得多任务处理不如专注于一项任务高效。A.
popular 流行的；B. complex 复杂的；C. efficient 高效的；D. challenging 有挑战性的。根据
前文“The brain takes longer to switch and assign resources due to the need to activate different
sets of rules for each task.”说切换任务延迟完成，所以多任务处理不如专注一项任务高效，
故选C。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，当大脑同时处理两项复杂任务时，神经活动会减少
导致完成时间更长。A. Fortunately 幸运地；B. Additionally 此外；C. Ultimately 最终；D.
Alternatively 或者。这里进一步说明多任务处理的问题，用additionally 表示递进，故选B。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，与分别完成每项任务的人相比，同时处理多项任务
的人写报告和查看电子邮件的时间要多出1.5 倍。A. separately 分别地；B. regularly 定期地；
C. vigorously 精力充沛地；D. originally 最初地。根据前文“For example, multitaskers took
1.5 times longer to write a report and check email compared to those”可知，这里是将多任务处
理和分别完成任务的时间作对比，故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这些负面影响并不意味着你永远不应该“边工作边吹
口哨”（一心二用）。A. requirements 要求；B. tasks 任务；C. concerns 担忧；D. negatives
负面影响。根据前文“For example, multitaskers took 1.5 times longer to write a report and
check email compared to those who did each task_____.”以及前文提到多任务处理的干扰、延
迟等问题，这些都是负面影响，故选D。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：提醒他们这一点：我们数字世界的多任务处理机制很可
能是由非常专注于单一任务的人精心开发出来的。A. multitasking 多任务处理的；B.
mechanical 机械的；C. specialized 专门的；D. packaging 包装的。根据前文“ Do
multitasking”可知，文章围绕多任务处理展开，这里说数字世界的多任务处理机制，故选
A。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the
one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
My adventure with pottery began unexpectedly online. I saw a video of a person making a
late-night snack, but what truly caught my eye was the plate — a beautifully simple, cream-
colored piece with a unique bubbled shape. I had never seen anything like it and immediately
wanted one, I imagined all the meals I could present on it and how lovely they would look.
However, it was quite expensive. I couldn’t justify the purchase, so a bold idea struck me:
Why not make it myself? I admitted this was a little unreasonable. My only experience with clay
was from a brief encounter in elementary school. Yet, driven by the desire for that unique plate
and then a wish to learn something new, I signed up for a pottery class last April.
I entered the first class confidently, but reality soon hit. In the beginning, handling clay —
which seemed so simple — was much harder for me, a rather carefree girl, than I had anticipated.
My posture was wrong; I failed to center the clay on the wheel; I even couldn’t control its speed
properly. Once, I spun the wheel too fast and made my piece flying across the room. I felt
embarrassed and thought about quitting right then.
However, I was not the one to give up easily. I continued attending class. By the third
session, a shift occurred. I concentrated on steadying my elbows, gently applying pressure to the
clay, and slowly pulling up the walls to form a bowl. The quiet rhythmic sound of the spinning
wheel had a calming effect. To my surprise, by the end of that class, I had created my first real
piece — a small, imperfect, yet completely handmade bowl.
That semester taught me more than pottery; it taught me perseverance, and how to find
beauty in imperfection. I left with several bowls and a vase. The bubble-shaped plate remained my
goal in my next round of classes. This journey reminded me that true value lies not in a perfect
product, but in the rewarding process of creating something with my own hands.
36．What was the author’s initial intention of making a piece of pottery?
A．To learn a new skill.
B．To join a pottery class.
C．To have a special plate.
D．To decorate a perfect room.
37．Why did the author almost give up pottery making?
A．She found it too tiring.
B．She was rather careless.
C．She lacked the proper instruction.
D．She struggled with the basic techniques.
38．Which of the following can best describe the author?
A．Daring and modest.
B．Cautious and sensitive.
C．Determined and patient.
D．Curious and considerate.
39．What does the author learn from her pottery experience?
A．Well begun is half done.
B．The journey is the reward.
C．Perfection is the enemy of progress.
D．A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
【答案】36．C 37．D 38．C 39．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者因看中一款独特的盘子而报名学习陶艺，在学习
过程中克服困难、坚持练习，不仅学会了制作陶器，更懂得了坚持与过程之美的故事。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段“I saw a video of a person making a late-night snack, but what
truly caught my eye was the plate — a beautifully simple, cream-colored piece with a unique
bubbled shape. I had never seen anything like it and immediately wanted one.”(我看到一个人做
夜宵的视频，但真正吸引我的是那个盘子——一件简洁美观、乳白色、有着独特气泡形状
的器皿。我从未见过这样的东西，立刻就想要一个。)以及第二段“However, it was quite
expensive. I couldn’t justify the purchase, so a bold idea struck me: Why not make it myself?”(然
而，它相当昂贵。我无法合理买下它，于是一个大胆的想法闪过：为什么不自己做一个
呢？)可知，作者最初制作陶艺的目的是想要一个特别的盘子。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段“In the beginning, handling clay — which seemed so simple —
was much harder for me, a rather carefree girl, than I had anticipated. My posture was wrong; I
failed to center the clay on the wheel; I even couldn’t control its speed properly.”(起初，操控黏
土——看似如此简单——对我这个相当随性的女孩来说，比我预想的要难得多。我的姿势
不对；无法把黏土在转盘上居中；甚至不能正确控制转速。)可知，作者在基础技巧上遇到
了很大困难，因此差点放弃。故选D。
38．推理判断题。根据第四段“However, I was not the one to give up easily. I continued
attending class.”(然而，我不是轻易放弃的人。我继续上课。)以及作者坚持练习、慢慢掌握
技巧的过程可知，作者是有决心、有耐心的人。故选C。
39．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This journey reminded me that true value lies not in a perfect
product, but in the rewarding process of creating something with my own hands.”(这段经历提醒
我，真正的价值不在于完美的成品，而在于亲手创造事物的有益过程。)可知，作者从陶艺
经历中学到的是“过程本身就是回报”。故选B。
(B)
What is Generative AI?
Artificial Intelligence refers to systems designed to complete specific
tasks and has been around for many years. Your smartphone’s facial
recognition and virtual assistants like Alexa and Siri all use AI.
Generative AI (GenAI), however is a newer technology that generates
original content, including text, images, and music, by learning from
existing data. It enables the creation of innovative and customized
educational materials, enhancing creativity and learning.
What is AI’s Role in the Park Hill Classroom?
AI’s purpose in our learning is to enhance, not replace, the effort put
into your teaching and learning. Its use is intended to facilitate, not to
complete tasks on your behalf. AI will offer tailored support to meet
diverse learning needs, by breaking down complex concepts or
summarizing information, thereby enriching the educational
experience.
Data Privacy and Security
Ensuring data privacy and security is important when using GenAI
tools. It is essential to avoid inputting any personally identifiable
information or secret information into AI systems for now to safeguard
our privacy. By strictly following this guideline, we can use GenAI
technologies effectively while protecting the integrity of personal data,
since we have no control over the data once it is in those systems.
Students: ?
Always start by asking your teacher if you can use GenAI on the work you are assigned.
①
Be sure to track your usage of the tool. You can do this by copying and pasting your
②
conversation into a Word or Google document.
Always cite the tool when you submit your assignment.
③
40．What’s the text mainly intended to do?
A．Prepare schools for effective AI integration.
B．Promote the responsible use of AI in
education
C．Support teaching management through AI tools.
D．Ensure data privacy and safe, with
AI tools.
41．Which of the following best fits in the blank “ ”?
A．How to know If and When to Use GenAI
B．How to Select Right GenAI Tools for Schoolwork
C．How to Track and Report Your GenAI Activities
D．How to Follow School Rules When Using GenAI
42．Thomas used an AI tool to ask for the key issues about his research topic. He copied some of
the answers into his notes without marking them as AI-generated, and then searched for reliable
sources to confirm the information.
Which kind of AI usage does it belong to?
A．Not Asking permission.
B．Misinformation.
C．Research Assistance.
D．Personalized Learning.
【答案】40．B 41．D 42．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文是帕克希尔学区发布的人工智能素养使用指南，介绍了
生成式人工智能的概念、人工智能在课堂中的作用、使用生成式AI 的数据隐私规范，同时
给出了学生使用生成式AI 的相关要求。
40．推理判断题。根据第二段“AI’s purpose in our learning is to enhance, not replace, the
effort put into your teaching and learning. Its use is intended to facilitate, not to complete tasks on
your behalf. AI will offer tailored support to meet diverse learning needs, by breaking down
complex concepts or summarizing information, thereby enriching the educational experience.(人
工智能在我们的学习过程中的作用是增强而非取代你在教学与学习中所付出的努力。其应
用旨在辅助而非替你完成任务。人工智能将根据不同的学习需求提供个性化的支持，通过
分解复杂概念或总结信息等方式，从而丰富学习体验)”结合本文介绍生成式AI 的定义与课
堂辅助作用，强调数据隐私安全，明确学生使用AI 的规则及合理、不当用法，倡导教育场
景中负责任地使用AI。由此推知，文章的主要目的是指导教育场景下负责任地使用AI。故
选B。
41．推理判断题。根据空处后文“①Always start by asking your teacher if you can use GenAI
on the work you are assigned.
Be sure to track your usage of the tool. You can do this by copying
②
and pasting your conversation into a Word or Google document.
Always cite the tool when you
③
submit your assignment. (①首先，请向你的老师询问是否可以将 GenAI 应用到你所布置的
任务中。②务必记录你使用该工具的情况。你可以将对话内容复制并粘贴到 Word 或
Google 文档中来进行记录。③在提交作业时，一定要注明使用了该工具)”可推知，三条内
容都是学生使用生成式 AI 时必须遵守的规则：先问老师、记录使用过程、标注引用，对
应 “遵守使用规则”。D 选项“如何在使用GenAI 时遵守学校规定”最适合填入。故选
D。
42．推理判断题。根据“Thomas used an AI tool to ask for the key issues about his research
topic. He copied some of the answers into his notes without marking them as AI-generated, and
then searched for reliable sources to confirm the information.(托马斯用 AI 工具查询研究主题
的关键问题， 把部分答案复制到笔记里，没有标注是 AI 生成的， 然后再去查找可靠来
源去核实信息。)”可知，此处询问的是这种行为属于哪种AI 使用，不管Thomas 有没有
标注引用，Thomas 使用 AI 的目的就是：帮他找研究要点，因此属于研究辅助。
故选C。
(C)
Poet and Harvard Professor Henry Wadsworth Longfellow famously said, “Music is the
universal language of mankind.” A new Harvard study suggests he may have been right.
The study conducted by a research team found that people around the world could identify
lullabies (摇篮曲), dance songs, and comforting songs — regardless of the songs’ cultural origin
— after hearing just a 14-second clip (片段). The finding suggests that not only is music deeply
rooted in human nature, but that some types of songs break cultural boundaries.
The findings are based on a wide-reaching experiment in which 750 online participants in
60 countries listened to brief clips of songs collected from nearly 90 small societies around the
world, including hunter-gatherers and some special farmers. Participants then answered six
questions, rating each clip according to whether they believed the song was used for dancing,
calming a baby, treating illness, or expressing love. Two additional uses — mourning (哀悼) the
dead and telling a story — were included as controls.
The data showed that despite participants’ unfamiliarity with the cultures, the random
sampling of each song, and the short duration of the samples, people were able to reliably infer the
songs’ functions, and that their ratings were consistent across the world.
The findings ran counter to expert expectations. The team had also asked professionals,
including performers, composers, psychologists, and scientists about whether they believed people
would be able to identify the song types. Their answer was no. And not only that, but they
predicted that people’s responses will be inconsistent with one another. “That’s not what we
found,” the researchers said.
The researchers also wanted to know whether listeners were recognizing certain non-
musical characteristics of the songs. To test that, the team conducted a second study. This time,
they asked listeners about a number of contextual and musical features, ranging from the gender of
the singers to the rhythm of the song.
When data from the two studies were combined, the results showed that songs of the same
function shared similar characteristics — lullabies, for example, tended to be slower and simpler
than dance music — suggesting that something about musical characteristics crosses cultural
boundaries.
43．What did the participants do in the first study?
A．They distinguished functions of the songs.
B．They identified the cultural origins of the songs.
C．They recognized the non-musical characteristics of the songs.
D．They sorted the songs according to the gender of the singers.
44．What does the underlined part “ran counter to” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．Were equal to.
B．Were similar to.
C．Were superior to.
D．Were opposite to.
45．Why did the researchers carry out the second study?
A．To test the musical knowledge of a wider audience.
B．To collect more diverse songs from various cultures.
C．To confirm the surprising results from the first one.
D．To explore the underlying reasons behind the findings.
46．What can we learn from the two studies?
A．Listeners recognize music by its rhythm. B．Something about music might be universal.
C．Dance music is usually slower and simpler.
D．Cultural similarities lead to similar
musical features.
【答案】43．A 44．D 45．D 46．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了哈佛大学的一项新研究表明，尽管文化背景
不同，但人们能识别出不同功能歌曲的共性，音乐可能有共性。
43．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Participants then answered six questions, rating each clip
according to whether they believed the song was used for dancing, calming a baby, treating illness,
or expressing love.(参与者随后回答了六个问题，根据他们认为歌曲是用于跳舞、安抚婴儿、
治疗疾病还是表达爱意，对每个片段进行评分)”可知，在第一个研究中，参与者要区分歌
曲的功能。故选A。
44．词句猜测题。根据第四段“The data showed that despite participants’ unfamiliarity with
the cultures, the random sampling of each song, and the short duration of the samples, people were
able to reliably infer the songs’ functions, and that their ratings were consistent across the world.
(数据显示，尽管参与者对这些文化并不熟悉，每首歌曲都是随机选取的，且样本持续时间
很短，但人们仍能够可靠地推断出歌曲的功能，而且他们的评分在全球范围内是一致的)”、
第五段中“ The findings ran counter to expert expectations. The team had also asked
professionals, including performers, composers, psychologists, and scientists about whether they
believed people would be able to identify the song types. Their answer was no. And not only that,
but they predicted that people’s responses will be inconsistent with one another. “That’s not what
we found,” the researchers said.(这一发现ran counter to 专家们的预期。研究团队还询问了包
括表演者、作曲家、心理学家和科学家在内的专业人士，他们是否认为人们能够识别出歌
曲类型。他们的回答是否定的。不仅如此，他们还预测人们的回答会相互不一致。“这并
非我们的发现，”研究人员说道)”可知，研究结果与专家预期相反，所以ran counter to 意
思是“与……相反”。故选D。
45．细节理解题。根据第六段中“The researchers also wanted to know whether listeners were
recognizing certain non-musical characteristics of the songs. To test that, the team conducted a
second study.(研究人员还想知道听众是否通过歌曲的某些非音乐特征来识别。为了验证这
一点，团队开展了第二项研究)”可知，研究人员进行第二项研究是为了探索研究结果背后
的潜在原因。故选D。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Poet and Harvard Professor Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
famously said, “Music is the universal language of mankind.” A new Harvard study suggests he
may have been right.(诗人、哈佛大学教授亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗曾说过一句名言：“音乐是
人类通用的语言。”哈佛大学的一项新研究表明，他可能是对的)”以及最后一段中“When
data from the two studies were combined, the results showed that songs of the same function
shared similar characteristics — lullabies, for example, tended to be slower and simpler than
dance music — suggesting that something about musical characteristics crosses cultural
boundaries.(当两项研究的数据结合起来时，结果显示，功能相同的歌曲具有相似的特征
——例如，摇篮曲往往比舞曲更慢、更简单——这表明音乐特征的一些方面跨越了文化界
限)”可知，这两项研究告诉我们音乐的一些方面可能是普遍的。故选B。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in
the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than
you need.
“Be present.” This is the slogan of mindfulness meditation and a supposed key to self-
awareness and acceptance.
Mindfulness may have psychological benefits. Earlier this year, a synthesis of randomized
controlled trials revealed that mindfulness-based interventions had small to moderate benefits for a
number of health outcomes, including stress, anxiety and depression.
47 . That is, as we develop skills in complex tasks, we can perform them with
increasing facility until attention seems to be unnecessary. Everyday examples range from riding a
bike to chopping cucumbers-to brushing your teeth.
Forming this state of “automaticity” are mental processes that can be executed without
paying attention to them. 48 . We don’t perform all tasks automatically, but many can be
performed this way once they are well practised.
To be clear, paying attention is important when learning a new skill. But research has also
revealed that paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects,
particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts
appear to “choke under pressure”: 49 .
In a classic study, cognitive scientist Sian Beilock and her colleagues had skilled golfers
attempt to sink putts ( 推球入洞) under different experimental conditions. In one scheme, the
golfers were simply instructed to pay attention to the swing of their club and say “stop” when they
finished their swing. In another condition, they were directed to listen for a target sound while
ignoring other noises and say the word “tone” when they heard the target sound. Surprisingly, the
skilled golfers performed considerably worse when they focused on their swing than when they
paid attention to irrelevant sounds.
Nevertheless, the important message from this research is that focusing too carefully on the
execution of well-practiced motor sequences can cause mistakes. 50 . But there are
situations where we should let automaticity take over. The next time you ride a bike or join in a
sport, don’t overthink it.
A．In any type of mindfulness exercise, the goal is to perform routine activities with a heightened
sense of attention.
B ．Although mindfulness has its advantages, psychological research has also revealed that in
some circumstances it’s important to be mindless.
C．They think too much about the mechanics of the task at hand.
D．Automaticity can be disrupted by explicit attention when the devotion of conscious attention
to the pattern alters the content or timing of that pattern itself.
E．Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make
deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment.
F．These processes run off without conscious awareness — a chain reaction of mental events.
【答案】47．B 48．F 49．C 50．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文，围绕“正念”与“无意识自动化行为”的关系展开，分析了二
者在不同场景下的作用。
47．根据前文“Mindfulness may have psychological benefits. (正念可能有心理益处)”可知，
空处需承接“正念的益处”并引出后文。选项B“Although mindfulness has its advantages,
psychological research has also revealed that in some circumstances it’s important to be mindless.
(尽管正念有其优势，但心理学研究也表明，在某些情况下，无心也很重要)”既承接前文，
又引出后文，符合语境。故选B 项。
48．根据前文“Forming this state of “automaticity” are mental processes that can be executed
without paying attention to them. (这种‘自动化’状态，指的是无需刻意留意就能完成的心
理过程)”可知，空处需进一步解释这一心理过程。选项F“These processes run off without
conscious awareness — a chain reaction of mental events. (这些过程在无意识下进行——是心
理活动的连锁反应)”中“These processes”指代前文的“mental processes”，且解释了“无需
注意力”的特点，符合语境。故选F 项。
49．根据前文“paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects,
particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts
appear to “choke under pressure” (过度关注自己正在做的事会产生负面影响，尤其是在你执
行熟练掌握的技能时。事实上，这正是一些专家会‘在压力下发挥失常’的原因之一)”可
知，空处需说明“压力下失常”的具体原因。选项C“They think too much about the
mechanics of the task at hand. (他们对当下任务的操作细节想得太多)”对应“过度关注”的表
现，符合语境。故选C 项。
50．根据后文“But there are situations where we should let automaticity take over. (但有些情况
我们应该让自动化接管)”的转折逻辑可知，空处需体现“不能完全依赖自动化”。选项
E“Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make
deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment.(当然，我们不应听任生活
进入‘自动驾驶’模式，从而错失与自我、他人及周遭环境建立更深联结的机会)”体现了
这一态度，与后文转折一致，符合语境。故选E 项。
IV. Summary Writing (10 分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the
passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
How Thankfulness Help Us
When you feel thankful for things you've received, that's gratitude. You never feel it from
nowhere; you are clear who or what is responsible. “Gratitude is how you relate to others,”says
Willibald Ruch, a psychology professor at the University of Zurich. He and other researchers
believe this understanding of our reliance on others is becoming more difficult today.”With
commercial and social media, everything makes the younger generation feel that they are the
center of the universe,” says Tamiko Zablith, founder of the consulting firm Minding Manners. “If
it's all about them, why thank others?”
If true, this would be a disturbing health trend, because thanking others in heartfelt ways
carries long-lasting effects. Canadian researchers found that people who wrote thank-you letters or
performed good deeds for a six-week period decreased their pain, upped their energy,
accomplished more every day, and improved their mental health. And you can experience these
benefits at any age. Swedish researchers have found that people ages 77 to 90 who choose to be
thankful are happier and stronger.”When they can't change something, they choose gratitude and
focus on what's good, like still being living by themselves,” says study author Helena Honder, at
the University of Gothenburg in Sweden.
Gratitude is infectious, as well: Those who are helped are more likely to pay kindness
forward. One study found that when someone is thanked, it more than doubles his or her chances
of being helpful again, likely because he or she enjoys feeling socially valued. Zablith likes the
reaction she gets when she thanks a stranger who holds the door open for her at Starbucks. “The
look on his face is shock,”Zablith says. “He'll be nicer to the cashier, the next person he sees at
work.”
Let's remember: gratitude isn't just a feeling—it's a powerful choice to recognize and
appreciate others. With gratitude, we not only uplift ourselves but also contribute to a kinder, more
connected world.
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【答案】Gratitude means being thankful for what we receive. Today’s young people may lack it
due to commercial and social media. It benefits physical and mental health at any age and is
infectious, encouraging others to pass on kindness. Practicing gratitude enables us to elevate
ourselves while contributing to a world that is kinder and more connected.
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述感恩的定义、当下年轻人缺乏感恩的原因、感恩对身
心健康的益处以及感恩具有感染力、能传递善意。
【详解】1. 要点摘录：
When you feel thankful for things you've received, that's gratitude.
①
With commercial and social media, everything makes the younger generation feel that they are
②
the center of the universe,” says Tamiko Zablith, founder of the consulting firm Minding Manners.
If true, this would be a disturbing health trend, because thanking others in heartfelt ways carries
③
long-lasting effects. Canadian researchers found that people who wrote thank-you letters or
performed good deeds for a six-week period decreased their pain, upped their energy,
accomplished more every day, and improved their mental health. And you can experience these
benefits at any age.
Gratitude is infectious, as well: Those who are helped are more likely to pay kindness forward.
④
With gratitude, we not only uplift ourselves but also contribute to a kinder, more connected
⑤
world.
2. 缜密构思：将第1、2、3、4、5 四个要点进行总结概括。
3. 遣词造句：
Thankfulness can improve our mental health.
Young people today tend to lack gratitude because of commercial and social media influence.
Kindness is infectious and can spread around.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Gratitude means being thankful for what we receive.（运用了what 引
导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】It benefits physical and mental health at any age and is infectious, encouraging
others to pass on kindness.（运用了现在分词做状语）
V. Translation (第1-2 句，每句3 分；第3 句，4 分；第4 句5 分；共15 分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52．图书馆里有海量的读物供我们选择。（vast）
【答案】In the library, there are a vast number of reading materials (available) for us to choose
from.
【详解】考查形容词和固定搭配。句子陈述事实，用一般现在时；表示“某地有某物”用
there be 句型；“海量的”可翻译为a vast number of；“读物”可翻译为reading materials，
结合主语reading materials 为复数，be 动词用are；“供我们选择”可翻译为available for us
to choose from 或者for us to choose from，在句中作后置定语修饰reading materials；“图书
馆里”可翻译为in the library，在句中作地点状语。调整语序，故翻译为In the library, there
are a vast number of reading materials (available) for us to choose from.
53．你上次忘记重要的事，是什么时候了？(slip)
【答案】When was the last time something important slipped your mind?
【详解】考查时态和定语从句。句子陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时；表示“上次……是
什么时候？”用When was the last time…?”，“你上次忘记重要的事”是修饰先行词the last
time 的定语从句，当先行词是the first/second...last time 且关系词在从句中作状语时，用关
系词that，that 通常省略；从句主语为something important，“忘记、记不起”为slip one’s
mind，本句为特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词用when，故翻译为When was the last time something
important slipped your mind?
54．你口口声声说不再意气用事，可还是做不到情绪稳定，伤人伤己。(abandon)
【答案】You repeatedly said that you would no longer abandon yourself to emotions, but you
still failed to manage them, hurting both others and yourself.
【详解】考查时态和从句。“口口声声”也就是“反复地说”，“反复地”表达为
repeatedly，“说”在语境中用一般过去时said，后接that 引导的宾语从句。 “意气用事”
即“放纵自己于情绪中”，表达为abandon oneself to emotions，这里用过去将来时would
no longer abandon yourself to emotions。“可”表转折用but 连接句子。“做不到”也就是
“未能做某事”，“未能做某事”表达为fail to do sth.，这里用一般过去时failed to manage
them，“manage”表示“控制” 。“伤人伤己”用现在分词短语hurting both others and
yourself 作结果状语 。 故译为You repeatedly said that you would no longer abandon yourself
to emotions, but you still failed to manage them, hurting both others and yourself.
55．百年老建筑摇身一变，成为集展览、阅读、休闲于一体的多功能文化空间，吸引了越
来越多的居民前来参观。(transform)
【答案】The century-old building has been transformed into a multi-functional cultural space
integrating exhibitions, reading, and leisure, attracting more and more residents to visit.
【详解】考查时态语态和非谓语动词。“摇身一变，成为”用be transformed into 表达，
“百年老建筑”是The century-old building，它与transform 是被动关系，且强调对现在造成
的影响（吸引了居民参观），用现在完成时的被动语态has been transformed into ；
“集……于一体”用integrate，这里用现在分integrating 作后置定语修饰space；“展览、
阅读、休闲”为exhibitions, reading, and leisure；“吸引”用“attract”，此处用现在分词
attracting 作结果状语；“了越来越多的居民前来参观”为more and more residents to visit。
故译为The century-old building has been transformed into a multi-functional cultural space
integrating exhibitions, reading, and leisure, attracting more and more residents to visit.
VI. Guided Writing （25 分）
假设你是明启中学学生李志，看到了你所在社区的如下广告，并有意尝试该工作，给社区
负责人写封信申请该工作。
Children’s holiday club leader wanted!
We’re looking for a creative and confident leader for our children’s holiday club. Why would
you be suitable for the role? What do you enjoy about working with children? Are you available
at weekends?
If you’re capable of inventing and running fun activities for 4 to 11-year-olds, we’d love to hear
from you.
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【答案】Dear Community Leader,
I’m Li Zhi, a student from Mingqi Middle School. I saw the advertisement about the
children’s holiday club leader and I’m eager to apply for this job.
I believe I’m well-suited for this role. I’m creative and can come up with many interesting
activities for kids. For example, I once organized a handicraft-making activity in my class, and the
children loved it. I also enjoy working with children because they are full of curiosity and energy,
which makes me feel young and lively. Moreover, I’m available on weekends, so I can fully
devote myself to this job.
I hope you can give me a chance. I’m confident that I can make the children’s holiday club
a wonderful place for them to have fun and learn.
Yours sincerely,
Li Zhi
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以明启中学学生李志的身份，给社区负责人
写一封信申请儿童假日俱乐部负责人这一工作，需阐述自己适合该角色的原因、喜欢和孩
子一起工作的原因以及周末是否有空等信息。
【详解】1.词汇积累
渴望的：eager → keen
合适的：well-suited → appropriate
奉献：devote → dedicate
美妙的：wonderful → fantastic
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I once organized a handicraft-making activity in my class, and the children loved it.
拓展句：I once organized a handicraft-making activity in my class, which the children loved.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I also enjoy working with children because they are full of curiosity and
energy, which makes me feel young and lively. (运用了because 引导的原因状语从句和which
引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I’m confident that I can make the children’s holiday club a wonderful place for
them to have fun and learn. (运用了that 引导的宾语从句)
