【灿烂六月·高考金8 卷】
备战2026 年高考英语模拟卷（北京卷02）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30 分）
第一节完形填空（共10 小题;每小题1.5 分,共15 分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。
When Gertrude Grew Great
Gertrude was just an average kid with an average life. At home, she helped out just enough to slide by. At
school, she did just enough homework to stay out of 1 . She had straight C’s in all of her classes.
One day Gertrude’s teacher stopped her after class. “Gertrude,” he said, “I’ve seen the work you do in class,
and some of it is 2 .” Gertrude knew there were moments when she did try a little harder than what
everyone 3 , like when she took extra time with her homework to make it look fancy. But she didn’t really
believe that she could change. She had done just enough to 4 for so long. In fact, she was scared by the
thought of having the power to become whatever she wanted.
That night, Gertrude had a dream. It was ten years into the future. She could not find an average job, because
even the average jobs were 5 by above-average workers. Gertrude wanted her own place, her own life. A
voice spoke in the dream: “The present is nothing more than the 6 of the choices made in the past.
The future will only be the results of the choices we make today.” Gertrude began crying, because she knew
she had helped 7 the world where she lived, and the choices she made had produced the options she had.
The next day, she tried harder in school, and she felt 8 than usual. She helped more around the
house, and she felt better than typical. Soon the pattern of success 9 that of being normal and Gertrude
even became great at failing by learning from her mistakes. Ten years later, Gertrude lived in an average sized house
and she was just the average adult. But her 10 was above average, because her life was hers.
1．A．trouble
B．order
C．sight
D．debt
2．A．challenging
B．amusing
C．amazing
D．encouraging
3．A．learned
B．insisted
C．expected
D．complained
4．A．give in
B．get by
C．show up
D．stand out
5．A．offered
B．filled
C．refused
D．valued
6．A．chance
B．risk
C．reward
D．outcome
7．A．shape
B．lead
C．better
D．protect
8．A．sadder
B．smarter
C．calmer
D．freer
9．A．followed
B．covered
C．produced
D．replaced
10．A．happiness
B．anxiety
C．sadness
D．loneliness
第二节语法填空（共10 小题;每小题1.5 分,共15 分）
A
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正
确形式填空。
The Ebbinghaus forgetting curve is a famous theory in psychology, which shows 11 people forget
information over time. Discovered by German psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus, it reveals that memory loss
occurs rapidly shortly after learning, followed by a slower decline. According to his research, without reviewing, a
man forgets about half of what he 12 (learn) within just one day. However, if repeating the material at
regular intervals, he can significantly slow down this process. The curve especially encourages us to adopt some
13 (practice) review strategies in memorization. Using this theory, students can plan their revision more
scientifically.
B
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正
确形式填空。
While engagement has never been more challenging for schools to achieve, it’s also 14 (critical)
than ever. Engagement is more than just ensuring that lessons are fun. Upon deeper examination, engagement and
motivation 15 (drive) by several factors. Do students get an opportunity to help shape their goals? Does
every student feel 16 (support) at school? Do students understand the value of what they’re learning and
believe that this value outweighs the cost of effort? When these things are true, learning happens.
C
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正
确形式填空。
It can be easy for teenagers to form bad habits in seeking independence. These bad habits, if 17
(leave) unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. For example, some may become
involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, 18 , most experts believe, can possibly lead to physical and mental
health problems. To change these bad habits is never easy. In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have
made by 19 (we). We make a choice to do something, and then repeat it over and over again. Soon that
choice becomes a habit that is much harder to change. The good news is that we can change it, if we understand
20 habits work.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38 分）
第一节（共14 小题; 每小题2 分, 共28 分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As April 18 marks the International Day for Monuments and Sites, also known as World Heritage Day, we’ve
selected four archaeological (考古的) sites in China that deserve exploration.
Zhoukoudian, Beijing
Zhoukoudian, a UNESCO heritage site located 50 km from downtown Beijing, has been a significant site. At
various parts of the site, scientists have unearthed the remains of early human “Peking Man” that date back more
than 500,000 years, as well as of “Shandingdong Man”, who lived 30,000 years ago.
Sanxingdui Ruins site, Sichuan province
As one of the greatest archeological finds of the 20th century, the Sanxingdui Ruins are believed to be the
remains of the Shu Kingdom, dating back at least 4,800 years and lasting over 2,000 years.
The ruins are located in Guanghan city in Southwest China’s Sichuan province, covering 12 square
kilometers.
The Yinxu Ruins, Henan province
The Yinxu Ruins, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Anyang city, Henan province, was an ancient capital of
the Shang Dynasty (16th century BC-11th century BC).
Spreading across over 30 square kilometers, the site features the greatest number of oracle bone inscriptions
(甲骨文) discovered so far in the world.
The Daming Palace, Shaanxi province
Famous for its super-large scale and magnificent buildings, Daming Palace was the main royal palace in the
Tang Dynasty (618-907) where Tang emperors lived and dealt with state affairs.
Covering 3.2 square kilometers, it fully demonstrates the majestic style of grand architecture during the Tang
empire.
21．Which site reflects the earliest human?
A．Zhoukoudian.
B．The Yinxu Ruins.
C．The Daming Palace.
D．Sanxingdui Ruins site.
22．What is the Yinxu Ruins known for?
A．The grand architecture.
B．Oracle bone inscriptions.
C．Royal palace in the Tang Dynasty.
D．The remains of the Shu Kingdom.
23．Where can the text probably be found?
A．In a novel.
B．In a biography.
C．In a history book.
D．In a guidebook.
B
Somewhere my acquaintance with the computer started when I was working on my thesis. I was initiated into
it, quite unintentionally, when I was looking for a convenient way to store my research material. I have since been
busy communicating with my readers and students through the net. I can hardly believe it myself that a technophobe
like me could somehow get engaged with the most modern technology!
Our son has left for university and our spoilt daughter has gone overseas. Since they left home the net has
become the best way for our family to communicate and share our feelings.
We started off sending messages by email only -just to say hello, to seek help and to caution. Messages such
as: “Please have a look at this email. I can’t open it. “Or, one that I sent to my daughter says: “So you rang to say
you’d lost your credit card. The very thing that I’ve been worrying about! If you don’t try hard to mend your careless
ways, you’ll wake up one morning and find that you’ve lost your brain as well.”
And my son’s messages are typical in their sensational (耸人听闻的) headings, such as “Help me please!”
“Help again, please!” They are always about money, no different from the notes he left when he was young. My
daughter, on the other hand, would persuade her elder brother like a grand old lady: “Don’t upset Mum when I’m not
home. Go back to see Mum and Dad every now and then. They’ve only got you and me.”
Recently, our son has been emailing me all kinds of articles: funny, touching, intellectual… the lot.
Recommended reading, he said, would help me understand my students’ ideas and keep abreast of the times, so I
wouldn’t be written off as over-the-hill too soon. I read the articles religiously, like a well-behaved pupil. I
appreciate my son’s good will with mixed feelings. The kid I was bombarding with newspaper clippings not that
long ago has now become my mentor! He must be thinking that his mother is still willing to embrace new ideas.
That makes me feel proud, despite the confusing sense of role reversal that I have.
Through the net, we chat, exchange ideas and encourage each other with a gentle and beautiful language we
seldom use. Every time I sit in front of the computer and read those instant messages, I feel family warmth welling
up in my heart and a profound gratitude to modern technology.
24．The author got acquainted with the net initially to ________.
A．keep pace with the times
B．communicate with her readers
C．meet academic needs
D．exchange ideas with her children
25．Why did the author mention so many messages in paragraph 3?
A．To show her daughter’s immaturity.
B．To indicate the net’s influence on her.
C．To blame her daughter’s carelessness.
D．To express her love for her children.
26．Which of the following can best describe the author in the son’s eyes?
A．Open-minded. B．Well-educated.
C．Well-behaved.
D．Old-fashioned.
27．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．It is the Power of the Net
B．Technology Changes Life
C．Here Comes an Internet Mum
D．Mum’s Role Changes
C
A report from the UN reveals that drylands, including vast areas of desert, cover 41.3% of Earth’s total land
area. What if large amounts of this land could be transformed into fertile ( 肥沃的) ground capable of producing
crops?
In 2016, researchers from China’s Chongqing Jiaotong University developed a novel technology that can
greatly improve the ability of desert sands to hold water, air and minerals essential for plant growth. It was applied to
a sandy 1.6-hectare (公顷) plot in the Ulan Buh Desert, in the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region. Over time, the
plot was transformed into cropland capable of producing tomatoes, rice, watermelon, sunflowers, and corn.
Professor Yang Qingguo of Chongqing Jiaotong University explained that “The costs of artificial materials
and machines for transforming sand into the soil is lower compared with controlled environmental agriculture and
reclamation (开垦).”
The research work at Chongqing Jiaotong University is not the first Chinese attempt to turn deserts into fertile
land. As early as 1978, China launched the Three-North Shelter Forest Program, also known as the Great Green
Wall. The goal of this program is to stop the expansion of the vast Gobi Desert and launch reforestation projects in
the northeast, north, and northwest regions. It is a long-term initiative, scheduled for completion in 2050.
In the past several decades, more than 7.88 million hectares of windbreak trees have been planted, 336,200
square kilometers of desert land have been reclaimed, and more than 10 million hectares of grasslands have been
protected or restored. At the same time, in the Loess Gateau, grass and forest coverage has been increased by around
60%, and the silt (淤泥) build-up in the Yellow River has been reduced significantly.
Beyond the Great Green Wall, China has taken other measures to stop the spread of deserts. Desert greening is
a challenging task, but the experiments conducted in China and other parts of the world to implement desert
reforestation have raised hopes for a healthy and resourceful future ahead.
28．What do we know about the application of the new technology in the Ulan Buh Desert?
A．It produced as much as fertile soils did.
B．It showed the benefits of organic fertilizers.
C．It proved sandy land could support diverse crops.
D．It resulted in the plot becoming a tourist attraction.
29．What is the advantage of creating soil from sand according to Professor Yang?
A．It is lower in cost.
B．It is more eco-friendly.
C．It produces fast-growing crops.
D．It simplifies the farming process.
30．What can be inferred from Paragraph 5 about the Great Green Wall?
A．It has significantly improved the ecological environment.
B．It focused only on planting trees in desert areas.
C．It was completed ahead of schedule.
D．It mainly benefited the Yellow River region.
31．What is the most suitable title for the text?
A．The Challenges of Desert Greening.
B．China’s Efforts in Turning Deserts into Farmland.
C．The Role of the UN in Combating Desertification.
D．The History of the Great Green Wall Project.
D
Nature vs. Nurture
Curiosity has always been one of the most innate and prevailing qualities of humankind. Our endless pursuit
of truth and reason has resulted in a lot of crucial discoveries in the world. However, the more we uncover the world,
the more we end up generating more questions to answer. Out of all the wonders of the world, human psychology is
deemed to be one of the most controversial. The complexity of the mind and its reflection on human behavior has
been a subject of many studies and debates. One of the oldest and, still, most talked about argument in psychology is
the nature against nurture debate.
Nature refers to the biological structure and processes that determine a person’s physical and behavioral
attributes. Due to the advancement of genetics, scientists have uncovered that physical traits such as eye color, hair
type, height, and life expectancy of a person can strongly be related to the genetic makeup. These discoveries have
led to the speculation that most psychological characteristics like intellect, personality, and language acquisition
ability are already pre-wired to our system through our genetic pattern.
In contrast, nurture theory suggests that behavior is shaped from socio-cultural factors. This theory is guided
by John Locke’s “blank slate” theory, which refers to the idea that the human mind, in its primal state, is a blank
slate that is gradually filled in with information derived from direct and indirect experiences. This theory states
people’s characteristics and behavioral diversity are results of social and cultural influences encountered during their
development.
The term Nature vs. Nurture debate was put forward by Sir Francis Galton, who believed that intellect is a
quantifiable and hereditary (遗传的) human trait. He also believed that intellect can be passed from generation to
generation. Thus, people with high intelligence have a major chance of having highly intellectual offspring, while
people having lower than average intellect are more likely to have low intellectual offspring. However, the believers
of nurture theory believed that intellectual ability is the result of inequalities in access to resources and opportunities.
Thus, intellect is not a product of heredity but more of a result of the social construct.
Countless research and experimentation have been conducted to put an end to the seemingly endless debate.
Psychologists and researchers of the present already embrace the idea that a person’s character is highly influenced
by his genetic makeup and the environment. The years of labored research on nature and nurture theory finally have
borne fruit. Technology and research have expanded a better understanding of the human personality and mind, and
will just continuously do as time passes by.
32．Why does the author mention “curiosity” in the first paragraph?
A．To predict the research results.
B．To emphasize the importance of exploring.
C．To lead to the argument of nature against nurture.
D．To raise the reader’s interest in the theory of nature.
33．What does John Locke’s “blank slate” theory suggest?
A．Human mind is always blank.
B．People’s behaviors are learned.
C．Behavior is determined genetically.
D．Culture has little influence on human.
34．What is the attitude of Sir Francis Galton towards the theory of nurture?
A．Disapproving.
B．Supportive.
C．Neutral.
D．Cautious.
第二节(共5 小题;每小题2 分，共10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中
有两项为多余选项。
Every day, we speak to and spend time with the people who mean the most to us. However, think about how
many people you interact with in a typical week are the ones you wouldn’t consider as close connections. 35
. In sociology, these are known as our “weak ties”, referred to as such to differentiate them from our strong ties, like
close friends and family members.
36 . For example, if you spoke about your job hunt to a group of close friends, they might only be
aware of the same job opportunities as you because you move in the same circles. However, mentioning it to an
acquaintance, like a regular waiter, connects you to people outside your own social circle, which can provide
unexpected job opportunities.
“Weak ties can serve special functions not served by close ties, including providing access to unique
information and resources,” says Susan Sprecher, distinguished professor at Illinois State University. “Additionally,
many people interact with more weak ties throughout a day than they do with close ties. 37 .”
Indeed, weak ties can give us a real mental health boost. A recent study done by Sprecher indicated people
with wider connections of weak ties tend to be happier. 38 . They reported feeling more happiness and
greater feelings of belonging on days when they interacted with more classmates than usual.
Given they have such a strong impact on our lives, why not create weak ties? 39 . Often, this will
mean going outside and speaking to people, whether it’s those you pass in the street, who serve you in shops, or with
whom you share a class.
A．The research involved students
B．You find yourself in a better mood
C．We just need to engage with other people
D．Weak ties can have a smaller effect than you might think
E．This diverse social network is related with good health and well-being
F．For example, you chat with the guys who regularly serve you at the store
G．Strong ties tend to form closed social groups with limited new information
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节(共4 小题;第40、41 题各2 分，第42 题3 分，第43 题5 分，共12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The Reason Why You Should Use Simple Dialogue Tags
During a judging period for a recent short story contest, I started thinking a lot about dialogue tags. Because
in many submissions, characters didn’t “say” a thing. They shouted, they inquired, they assumed. Some characters
screamed while others murmured. But no one “said” anything. And I started wondering why.
Why do we tell beginner writers to avoid creative dialogue tags in the first place? Why do we insist that
characters should stick to “said,” “asked,” and the occasional “sighed?” And, if the advice is so oft-repeated, why are
writers still unable to resist the siren call of weep, scream, snap, or laugh?
The more I thought about it, the more I understood the temptation. We’re always encouraged to use strong,
actionable verbs in our prose. Why walk when you can skip or wander? Why cry when you can sob or weep? Why
wouldn’t we reach for exciting verbs instead of mild-boring dull-blah said?
The problem, I think, is that every jewel needs a setting to become something more than the sum of its parts.
Without something to provide structure, a collection of the world’s most glorious diamonds would still only amount
to a heap of rocks.
And a dialogue tag should never, ever be the diamond in any given sentence.
Dialogue is your diamond, friends. When we read your work, your dialogue should be so bright, so sparkling,
so lifelike, so wonderfully realistic that our brains “hear” each line instead of merely reading it. We don’t need to be
told a character is shouting — we can sense it in the way they spit out words, clench fists, or storm from the room.
A dialogue tag is a mere signpost along the narrative journey, gently indicating who said what. It’s part of a
story’s experience, but it’s not part of the story itself, nor should it be treated as such. Dialogue tags are similar to
lighting in a Broadway play: without it, the audience would have no idea what was going on, but it usually strives to
shine without calling too much attention to itself.
40．Why are writers tempted to use creative dialogue tags?
41．In what way are dialogue tags similar to lighting in a Broadway play?
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
A dialogue tag should never be the diamond in any given sentence because dialogue is what matters and a dialogue
tag is only part of the story itself.
43．Besides avoiding creative dialogue tags, how can you write a good story? (In about 40words)
第二节(20 分)
44．当今保持健康和运动越来越被人们看重，“Exercise an hour every day, healthy life for a lifetime.”也成为
人们口中的热门话题。假定你是李华，请根据以下内容用英语写一篇短文。
1.你对这个话题的理解；
2.你喜欢的运动项目及活动情况；
3.该运动给你生活和学习带来的益处。
注意：
1.词数100 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.开头语已写好，不计入总词数。
Nowadays, sports are a very important part of our life.
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