2026 年高考第一次模拟考试（上海卷）
英语
（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：140 分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮
擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10 题, 每题1 分；第11-20 题，每题1.5 分；共25 分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only
once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and
decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．
A．Doctor and patient.
B．Teacher and student.
C．Policeman and thief.
D．Husband and wife.
2．
A．At the airport.
B．At a subway station.
C．At the school gate.
D．At a bus stop.
3．
A．Cleaning the square.
B．Drinking a toast.
C．Moving the table.
D．Taking photos.
4．
A．Excited.
B．Satisfied.
C．Shocked.
D．Uninterested.
5．
A．It’s tiny and warm.
B．It excites her whenever she walks in.
C．It’s too big for one person.
D．It is not that satisfactory.
6．
A．He wanted to have a more profitable career.
B．He was not fit enough as a basketballer then.
C．A basketball career typically did not last long.
D．It was common for basketballers to change careers.
7．
A．Her manager sat next to her at the meeting.
B．Her manager didn’t praise her at the meeting.
C．The man self-evaluated his annual performance.
D．The man didn’t attend the evaluation meeting at all.
8．
A．The man feels energetic after the interview.
B．The man regards the woman as a good listener.
C．The woman wants to try something beyond her capacity.
D．The woman is willing to begin from the entry-level position.
9．
A．To witness the development of a city.
B．To tap her potential well.
C．To contribute noticeably to a city.
D．To do research on materials.
10．
A．Which countries are similar?
B．How to fix things?
C．How to keep fit?
D．Who are facing these problems?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked
several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer
conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four
possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 14 are based on the following passage
11．A．Healthy diets.
B．Good sleep quality.
C．Cost efficiency.
D．Sense of safety.
12．A．They are equipped with computers.
B．They are technology-supported.
C．They can keep weather records.
D．They have several electricity panels.
13．A．Delivering food to those who need it.
B．Taking friends anywhere in the world.
C．Streaming videos of their new way of life.
D．Meeting the basic needs of people in remote areas.
14．A．It is acceptable.
B．It is expensive.
C．It is out of date.
D．It is problematic.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
15．A．Being generous.
B．Listing household duties.
C．Following the roommate’s advice.
D．Establishing rules.
16．A．To push him or her to clean it next time.B．To prevent friction.
C．To go through a hard time gracefully.
D．To show your kindness.
17．A．Doing time machine experiments is unsafe.
B．Nobody can bear the loud sound at late night.
C．Communication is key to living together in peace.
D．It is better to keep awkward experiences as a secret.
Questions 18 through 20 are bused on the following conversation.
18．A．Why we need to write down our plans.
B．Why some tasks or responsibilities matter.
C．Why it is necessary to spare time for handwriting.
D．Why we should let go of some unimportant things.
19．A．Be more motivated at work.
B．Reconsider the value of a task.
C．Fulfill our commitment to the community.
D．Raise our awareness of social responsibility.
20．A．Giving them up.
B．Assigning them to others.
C．Typing them down.
D．Adding to their meaningfulness.
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1 分；共20 分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
（新题材）The benefits of container gardening
Do you love gardening, but you don’t have a yard? If that’s the case, 21 (take) container gardening
into consideration. This method involves 22 (grow) plants in pots and containers rather than in the ground.
Container gardening is a great way to grow flowers, herbs, vegetables, fruit trees and more. There are many
advantages to this gardening method.
To begin with, you don’t need much space. A roof or any other outdoor area that receives direct sunlight will
work. In fact, a sunny, indoor kitchen windowsill(窗沿) is perfect for a few small plants, 23 gives you
easy access to herbs and vegetables as you prepare meals. The key is to choose a spot that receives a good deal of
sunlight.
Unless they’re too big or heavy, containers are portable. This allows you to move your plants inside if
necessary. Or you can move your plants into the shade 24 extremely hot days. Containers allow you to
place your plants 25 they’ll grow best.
With containers, you’re almost certain 26 (fill) them with productive soil. Using a good bag of
potting soil that contains the necessary nutrients for your plants is best. Here’s an important tip: Once 27
(stuff), large containers can get heavy. Therefore, it’s best to put them at a proper place before filling them.
One of the greatest benefits of container gardening is that little or no weeding 28 (require). For plants
in the ground, weeding is sometimes a daily or weekly requirement.
People also love the fact that almost 29 can be used as a container. You don’t need expensive pots
for containers. Wooden boxes, cans, tea kettles, old shoes and more will work. There’s no end to the number of items
that can be used. Just be sure to drill holes in the bottom of your containers for proper water discharge.
30 shows off your green fingers and your creativity is a container garden.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A．present B．accomplishment C． plug D．household E.
defeated
F. significant G. diagnose H. addicts I. amateur J. alerted K.
picture
A hacker’s life
Have you ever locked yourself out of your home and had to try to break in? First, you get a sense of 31
in succeeding. But then comes the worrying realization that if you can break into your own place as a(n) 32
, a professional could do so five times faster. So you look at the weak point in your security and fix it. Well, that’s
more or less how the DefCon hackers conference works.
Every year passionate hackers meet at DefCon in Las Vegas to 33 their knowledge and capabilities.
Mention the word ‘hacker’ and many of us 34 a seventeen-year-old geek (怪人) sitting in their bedroom,
illegally hacking into the US’s defence secrets in the Pentagon (五角大楼). Or we just think ‘criminals’. But that is
actually a misrepresentation of what most hackers do.
The activities and experiments that take place at DefCon have an enormous impact on our daily lives. These
are people who love the challenge of finding security gaps: computer 35 who can’t break the habit. They
look with great care at all kinds of systems, from the Internet to mobile communications to 36 door locks.
And then they try to hack them. In doing so, they are doing all of us a great service, because they pass on their
findings to the industries that design these systems, which are then able to 37 the security holes.
A typical example of this is when I attended a presentation on electronic door locks. Ironically, one of the
most secure locks they demonstrated was a 4,000-year-old Egyptian lock. But when it came to more modern devices,
the presenters revealed 38 weaknesses in several brands of electro-mechanical locks. A bio-lock that uses
a fingerprint scan for entry was 39 , easily, by a paper clip. (Unfortunately, although all the manufacturers
of the insecure locks were 40 not all of them responded.)
III.Reading Comprehension (共45 分。 41-45 每题1 分；56-70 每题2 分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
（社会热点）Administrators of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, are trying to harmonize
tourists’ exploration of the site with the need to safeguard the murals (壁画), through innovative measures.
Sandstorms, rainfall and tourist visits constitute the most severe 41 to the UNESCO World Heritage
Site, said Wang Xiaowei, director of the Dunhuang Grottoes Monitoring Center at the Dunhuang Academy. Since the
Mogao Caves opened to the public in 1979, the number of visitors has been 42 at an average annual rate of
around 20 percent, reaching 2.15 million in 2019. “If you enter the caves during the 43 tourism months of
July, August and September, you’ll find it hard to breathe,” Wang said. The carbon dioxide and moisture (潮气)
breathed out by visitors increase inside the caves and cause damage to the murals, Wang said.
To preserve the caves, the duration of visits is 44 and sometimes stopped during rain or dust storms.
To ensure visitors aren’t 45 when restrictions are in place, the center provides a digital exhibition, he said.
Currently, the center is being 46 to accommodate an additional 3,000 visitors on top of the existing capacity
of 6,000.
The Dunhuang Academy began 47 recording and storing images of murals and painted sculptures
over 30 years ago. The digitization project has successfully 48 over 200 caves, with a dedicated team of 110
experts currently undertaking the work. “Digital technology not only serves cultural tourism but also 49 a
historical record for future generations,” said Ding Xiaosheng, deputy director of the Institute of Cultural Heritage
Digitization at the academy. Digitization also brings the wonders of the Mogao Caves to a 50 audience,
according to Su Bomin, head of the Dunhuang Academy. “The Mogao Caves are 51 , and transporting them
is impossible,” Su said. “However, with digitization, we can perfectly copy Dunhuang art exactly and show it
worldwide, introducing Eastern culture to the world.”
In 2016, the Digital Dunhuang went live, sharing high-definition images and 52 tours of the most
beautiful 30 caves globally. Currently, visitors from 78 countries have 53 the murals, totaling over 16.8
million visits.
Su said Dunhuang can 54 diverse cultural exchanges through its cultural relics ( 遗迹). “By
digitizing these relics, we enable people worldwide to understand Dunhuang’s culture, thereby gaining a deeper
appreciation for China’s historical 55 to diverse cultural exchanges — that is, an idea of inclusivity, mutual
learning and a shared future,” he said.
41．A．shortages
B．restrictions
C．contributions
D．threats
42．A．doubling
B．growing
C．continuing
D．varying
43．A．cultural
B．previous
C．peak
D．commercial
44．A．limited
B．extended
C．publicized
D．concealed
45．A．confused
B．amazed
C．scared
D．disappointed
46．A．expanded
B．constructed
C．decorated
D．repaired
47．A．exclusively
B．digitally
C．subjectively
D．autonomously
48．A．clarified
B．highlighted
C．covered
D．strategized
49．A．comes across
B．turns over
C．leaves behind
D．lets alone
50．A．global
B．professional
C．technological
D．different
51．A．complicated
B．irreproducible
C．controversial
D．immovable
52．A．virtual
B．temporary
C．conventional
D．steady
53．A．imitated
B．accessed
C．praised
D．purchased
54．A．reject
B．provide
C．adjust
D．classify
55．A．adaptation
B．attention
C．admission
D．commitment
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to
the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Soap bubbles (泡泡) are like little floating wonders. They’re light, delicate, and full of surprises. And, of
course, they shine with beautiful colours! But if you look closely, you’ll notice something odd — bubbles show
pink, green, yellow, and sometimes blue, but where are the other colours? Why don’t we see bright red, deep purple,
or warm orange floating in the air?
The secret behind a bubble’s colours lies in its thin film. The outer surface reflects light, and so does the inner
surface. Light moves like a wave in this situation. Just like ripples ( 涟漪) on a pond, the light reflected from the
inside travels a bit farther and may or may not match up with the light reflected from the outside. If the waves
strengthen each other, the colour of that wavelength becomes visible.
So far, so good — this process can create many colours. But where’s my red bubble?
The light waves spreading from the bubble contain all the colours of the rainbow. However, we don’t see them
separately because the soap film’s thickness often produces a mix of colours. Interestingly, the thickness that
enhances red also enhances violet (紫色). But instead of seeing both, we only see pink.
The violet wave ripples four times before exiting, while the red wave ripples three times. Yet, by the time they
leave the bubble, they meet. Pink seems like a single colour, but it doesn’t actually exist in the rainbow — our brains
create it by mixing red and violet.
If the bubble’s surface becomes slightly thinner, the red and violet waves cancel each other out, leaving only
green, which is a real rainbow colour. As the film gets even thinner, red and green appear together (both rippling
about twice), but blue disappears, so we see yellow instead.
We only see colours when the soap film is very thin — just one or two light wavelengths thick. This means
there are only a few possible colour combinations, and red alone isn’t one of them. So, no red bubbles for me.
It might be frustrating to hear, “That’s just how it is,” but in this case, I don’t mind. Every soap bubble follows
the same rules, no matter how or where it’s made. It’s actually comforting to see the universe working in such a
consistent way. Pink and green bubbles are simply nature’s design.
56．Light reflected from the outer and inner layers of a bubble interacts by ______.
A．combining into stronger light
B．either adding together or reducing each other
C．absorbing each other to make a single colour
D．passing through the bubble without changing
57．Why do we never see a perfectly red soap bubble?
A．Red light always mixes with other colours.
B．Red is too weak to be seen on a bubble’s surface.
C．The bubble’s surface absorbs red light completely.
D．The soap in the bubble prevents red light from reflecting.
58．What point does the writer make in the last paragraph?
A．It’s nice that the natural world is filled with uncertainties.
B．It’s good that the natural world follows clear scientific rules.
C．It’s sad that we do nothing to change the colours of soap bubbles.
D．It is frustrating to see the soap bubbles working in a consistent way.
59．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Why light is so appealing.
B．How soap bubbles are made.
C．How light creates wonders in nature.
D．Why some colours don’t appear in soap bubbles.
B
Li Lin, a senior high 3 student, is preparing an argumentative essay on sea exploration. He has collected
some texts for reference, two of which are shown below for his writing.
Text 1Exploring the sea usually means exploiting it, which has caused numerous problems and will
continue to cause more.
More exploration means more pollution. The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons (加仑) of
oil into the sea in 2010. Plastic pollution is also harmful, killing many birds and fish, and has even been found in our
tap water. Mining for resources is damaging, especially in the Arctic. Climate change has led to less ice, which
means we can look for more fossil fuels(化石燃料) further north. But if we burn these, the ice will melt more, thus
worsening this negative cycle. Whales and dolphins are also overfished for their meat or for research. Although this
was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.
The sea stretches out immeasurably but it is more sensitive than we think. If we don’t protect it, future
generations will not forgive us.
Text 2To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents
may be concerned, but sea exploration matters to the future.
Gaining more insights into the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging new species will
improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may enable us to discover new medicines, as well as new sources
of food and energy. Accessing the deep ocean may provide hints of events such as earthquakes. The population of
the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of
resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals. The related environmental risks
should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves, we can have more options for
managing this balance.
60．Which of the following can be inferred from the texts?
A．Plastic pollution has directly contributed to the melting of Arctic ice.
B．Logging new species could lead to advancements in medicine and food production.
C．Overfishing has been completely stopped due to international bans introduced in 1982.
D．The population growth worldwide has reduced the need for deep-sea resources.
61．Before writing, Li Lin puts forward some questions. Which question CAN NOT Li Lin find the answer to
from the texts?
A．What’s the purpose of sea exploration?
B．How does sea exploration cause damage to the sea?
C．What benefits can sea exploration bring to other research fields?
D．What can we do to balance environmental protection and sea exploration?
62．If Li Lin is determined to write an essay based on opinions from both texts, which of the following will most
probably be the central theme of his essay?
A．Ways to improve the efficiency of sea development.
B．Technological breakthroughs in sea exploration.
C．Balance between the impact of sea exploration and its benefits.
D．Appeal to protect the sea from unsustainable exploration.
C
The phrase “coin toss” is a classic equivalent to randomness. But since at least the 18th century,
mathematicians have suspected that even fair coins tend to land on one side slightly more often than the other.
Proving this tiny bias (偏见), however, would require hundreds of thousands of carefully recorded coin tosses,
making laboratory tests a nightmare.
František Bartoš, currently a Ph.D ．candidate at the University of Amsterdam, became fascinated by this
challenge four years ago. He couldn’t round up enough volunteers to investigate it at first. “Nobody was stupid
enough to spend a couple of weekends tossing coins,” he says. But after he began his Ph.D．studies, he tried again,
recruiting 47 volunteers (many of them friends and fellow students) from six countries. Multiple weekends of coin
tossing later, the team had performed 350,757 tosses, breaking the previous record of 40,000.
The tossed coins, according to previous findings, landed with the same side facing upward as before the toss
50.8 percent of the time. The large number of throws allows statisticians to conclude that the nearly one percent bias
isn’t a fluke. “We can be quite sure there is a bias in coin tosses after this data set,” Bartoš says.
The leading theory explaining the subtle advantage comes from a 2007 physics study by statistician Persi
Diaconis and his colleagues, whose calculations predicted a same-side bias of 51 percent. From the moment a coin is
launched into the air, its entire path in the air — including whether it lands on heads or tails — can be calculated by
the laws of mechanics. The researchers determined that coins in the air barely turn around their symmetrical axis
(对称轴); instead they tend to move off-center unsteadily, which causes them to spend a little more time in the air
with their initial “up” side on top.
For day-to-day decisions, coin tosses are as good as random because a one percent bias isn’t perceptible with
just a few coin tosses, says another statistician who wasn’t involved in the new research. Still, the study’s
conclusions should eliminate any doubt that still exists regarding the coin toss’s slim bias.
It isn’t difficult to prevent this bias from influencing your coin-toss matches; simply concealing the coin’s
starting position before tossing it should do the trick. Alternatively, you can do away with tossing altogether by
shaking the coin between your palms. But if your friends are unaware of the tiny bias, you may as well benefit from
your slight advantage. After all, 51 percent odds beat a lot.
63．Why was it difficult to prove the tiny bias in coin tosses?
A．Because it required a large number of trials and loads of tests.
B．Because few scientists and researchers were interested in this topic.
C．Because scientists lacked the ability and technique to conduct this study.
D．Because previous researches failed many times and scientists lost confidence.
64．The meaning of the underlined word fluke in paragraph 3 most probably refers to something that ______.
A．happens by accident
B．can be planned in advance
C．occurs under specific conditions
D．can be gained by practice
65．What can we imply from the last paragraph?
A．This one percent bias matters little in real life.
B．We should rely on this one percent bias to help us.
C．Though unnoticeable, we may still take advantage of this bias.
D．Relying on the one percent bias to win a coin-toss match is unfair.
66．What is the best title of this passage?
A．Risk-takers? Experts recommend coin-toss matches.
B．Luck or Maths? Here’re some tips on tossing coins.
C．Coin collectors? There’re stories behind each coin.
D．Heads or Tails? Research suggests it’s not 50-50.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once.
Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
Little Miss Mozart
An 11-year-old British composer earned comparisons with Mozart after her opera opened in Vienna to
enthusiastic applause. Alma Deutscher, who lived in Surrey with her parents, was already world-famous as a
violinist and pianist before her first full-length opera made its first performance on the Austrian stage.
67 Cinderella was a composer whom Deutscher described as “a bit like me”. Deutscher said much of
the musical inspiration behind Cinderella and other compositions came when her mind was elsewhere. During an
interview with NBC’s Today show, she explained that trying to create beautiful melodies on demand often resulted in
a blank mind. 68
The opera is two and a half hours long with the musical score running to 237 pages. 69 Deutscher said
the prince having to ask whose foot would fit the slipper didn’t make much sense. Lots of people might have the
same sized foot, but only one person could have written that melody.
Conductor Simon Rattle declared he was “absolutely bowled over” when he first saw her perform, but it was
Stephen Fry who first predicted that Deutscher could be this generation’s Mozart, after watching a video of her
performing online. 70 She said, “I love Mozart very much. He’s probably my favourite composer, but I don’t
really like it when people call me ‘Little Miss Mozart’ because I don’t like being called ‘little’. I’m very big, and
secondly, if I just wrote everything Mozart wrote again it would be boring. ”
A．However, it is not a comparison that the 11-year-old is particularly keen on.
B．Interestingly, it was often during unexpected moments that a beautiful melody suddenly came to her.
C．Deutscher’s most ambitious work has enabled the audience to see her talent.
D．Instead of the glass slipper of the fairytale, the prince looks for a lost melody he cannot quite remember.
E．The work reinvented the Cinderella fairytale to be set in an opera house ruled by a mean stepmother.
F．She never got nervous on stage, as she was just happy that people wanted to listen to her music.
IV.Summary Writing (共10 分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more
than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Tchaikovsky Cure for Worry
The 19th-century Russian composer Tchaikovsky was not a happy man. In his 5,365 letters to friends and
family, we find constant references to his sadness and anxiety. He had just one, temporary pain reliever for his
misery: “… a new idea awakens in me and begins to assume a definite form.”
Tchaikovsky’s experience is not abnormal. Modern research in neuroscience (神经科学) and psychology
reveals that active engagement in creative pursuits is an effective way to gain relief from negative emotions and see
the world in a much more positive way. At a time when mood disorders are exploding and less than a third of U.S.
adults believe that they are living up to their creative potential, this might be the simplest, easiest, and most natural
way for anyone to improve their life.
Neuroscientific research offers explanations of how creativity might lower negative emotion, and anxiety in
particular. In a fascinating 2015 study, neuroscientists observed people as they wrote poetry. They found that during
the idea-generation phase of writing, the medial prefrontal cortex (前额叶内侧皮层) is especially active. This is
the same part of the brain that is activated during meditation (an activity in which people sit still and focus on their
thoughts), which suggests that creative activity might have some of the same effects on stress as meditational
exercises do — thus why some anxious people routinely use it to treat themselves.
Yet, so many different creative outlets exist that the task of finding one that fits your personality and tastes can
be scary. One method I like to suggest, to help people find the ideal activity for them, is to start by categorizing
creative pursuits as public or private and inventive or interpretive. All you need is to know your personality type and
your preference. Outgoing people who prefer to interpret the works of others can try theater or classical music;
people who are shy might prefer studying poetry.
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V.Translation (共15 分。第1 小题和第2 小题,每题3 分;第3 题4 分;第4 题5 分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．面对不公，他毫不犹豫地挺身而出，捍卫正义。(hesitate)(汉译英)
73．她极有绘画天赋，不知接下来会有何等佳作面世。(no telling) (汉译英)
74．设计师将可持续理念融入历史建筑的修缮，既确保了该建筑符合环保要求，又保留其文化底蕴。
(integrate) (汉译英)
75．在90 年代，这种疾病因其复杂性，曾被误诊为流感类疾病，如今人们已经认识到它是一种罕见的精神
障碍。(whose) (汉译英)
VI.Guided Writing (共25 分)
76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
你是未来中学的高三学生小星，正在完成一份英语学科的跨文化研习课题。请根据以下给出的报告提纲，
撰写一篇文章阐述研究所得。
Festivals in China and Western Countries
Reporter: Xiao Xing
Steps
1. Choose one typical festival from each of China and Western Countries.
2. Compare the two festivals in at least two aspects, whether in common or different.
(Such as the cultural background, ways to celebrate, etc.)
3. Analyze why these features are in common or different.
4. Find commonalities or differences between Chinese and Western cultures the festivals reflect.
(if any, or can be omitted)
Main Text
…………
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