Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to
deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial
Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap
addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).
In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer
code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional
experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a
business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and
informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become
more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General
Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why
Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these
developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial
intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.
Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and
world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She
explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level
event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such
structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than
our downfall.
AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.
1．What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．If read by someone poorly educated. B．If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned.
C．If written by someone less competent. D．If translated by someone unacademic.
2．What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text?
A．It is packed with complex codes. B．It adopts a down-to-earth writing style.
C．It provides step-by-step instructions. D．It is intended for AI professionals.
3．What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development?
A．Observe existing regulations on it.B．Reconsider expert opinions about it.
C．Make joint efforts to keep it under control.
D．Learn from prior experience to slow it down.
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To recommend a book on AI. B．To give a brief account of AI history.
C．To clarify the definition of AI. D．To honor an outstanding AI expert.
In the Pixar movie Up, a fun cartoon dog called Dug wears a magical collar which can
detect and translate his barks and cries into fluent human speech. Humans have always been
fascinated by the potential to communicate with the animals. This week, an article in the New
York Times documented major efforts from a group of researchers using machine-learning
algorithms (算法) to analyze the different calls of whales, chickens, bats, cats, and more.
There are several ways to train AI systems now. Typically, Al systems learn through training
with labeled data of human language which can be well supplied by the Internet. But analyzing
animal language is different. Scientists have to instruct software programs on what to look for, and
how to organize the data. This process requires matching gained vocal (发声的) recordings with
the visual social behaviors of animals. A group studying Egyptian fruit bats, for example, also
used video cameras to record the bats themselves to provide context for the calls.
Many critics of this approach point out two weaknesses of current AI language models:
being unable to truly understand the relationships between words and the objects in the real world,
and scientists’ little understanding of animal societies. Al language models for humans rely on a
computer mapping out the relationship between words and the contexts they could appear in. But
these models have their own weak points, and can sometimes be a black box—researchers know
what goes in and comes out, but don’t quite understand how the algorithm is arriving at the
conclusion.
Another factor that researchers should take into account is that animal communications
might not work at all like human communications. There might be unique elements to animal
language due to physiological and behavioral differences.
Making a Translator for animals has been a popular project that’s been in the works for the
last decade. Although some software has shown some success in identifying the basic vocabularyof certain animals, it’s still a far cry from understanding the complex animal languages.
5．Why do researchers use Al to analyze animals’ calls?
A．To tell the differences among animals.
B．To test Al’s ability of translating animal language.
C．To understand animal language better.
D．To explore the fun of communicating with animals.
6．What makes analyzing animal language different?
A．The lack of labeled data for training Al systems.
B．The difficulty in relating human speech to real objects.
C．The need for sound recordings to provide context.
D．The matching of vocal recordings with their calls.
7．What does the underlined term “black box” refer to in Paragraph 3?
A．Al language models to study animal communication.
B．The researchers’ study on animal societies.
C．The relationship between words and context.
D．The method of Al algorithms to draw conclusions.
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．Al systems for animal language translation.
B．Limitations of current Al language models.
C．Unique aspects of detecting animal language.
D．Challenges in creating a translator for animals.
More American businesses are starting to use artificial intelligence(AI)tools to come up
with new ideas and to deal with customers.
Mattel is known for making children’s toys. The company recently used an AI image
generator (生成器) called DALL-E to come up with ideas for new Hot Wheels toy cars. The used
vehicle seller CarMax is using ChatGPT to gather thousands of customer comments. The social
media service Snapchat has added a chatbot (聊天机器人) to its messaging service. And Instacart,
a delivery service, now uses ChatGPT to answer food questions. Even the Coca-Cola company
plans to use AI to help create new marketing content. It has not said exactly how it plans to use the
technology. But the move shows that businesses are under pressure to use the tools that many oftheir employees and customers are already trying on their own.
Some experts warn that businesses should carefully consider possible harms to customers,
society, and their own companies before choosing to use AI tools in the workplace. Chaire
Leibowicz works at The Partnership on AI, a nonprofit group. The group recently released
recommendations for companies producing AI- generated images, audio and other media. “I want
people to think deeply before deploying this technology” Leibowicz said. “They should play
around. . . but we should also think, what purpose are these tools serving in the first place?”
While text generators like ChatGPT can make the process of writing emails and marketing
documents faster and easier, they also appear to present misinformation as fact. And image
generators like DALL-E are trained in copying widely available digital art and photography. This
has raise copyright(版权)concerns from the creators of those works.
“It is safer to use AI tools as a ‘thought partner’ but still people as the creator of final
products,” said Anna Gressel. She works at the law company Debevoise & Plimpton, which
advises businesses on how to use AI.
9．Which company made creative products with Al tools’ help?
A．Instacart B．Matel C．CarMax D．Snapchat
10．What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A．People rely too much on technology in their daily life.
B．AI tools are widely used to help businesses grow.
C．AI tools have an effect on improving business conditions.
D．Customers are more and more connected online.
11．What does the underlined word “deploying” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．presenting confidently B．promoting successfully
C．debating publicly D．applying effectively
12．What can we learn from Anna Gressel’s words?
A．AI tools should just be humans’ assistants.
B．The use of AI tools should be forbidden.
C．A business should partner with a law company.
D．Copyright concerns are unnecessary
Recently, as a journalist, I have published many stories about social media, privacy andartificial intelligence (AI), among other things. So when ChatGPT told me that my output may
have influenced its responses to other people’s prompts (提示), I rushed to wipe my data from its
memory. As I quickly discovered, however, there is no delete button. AI-powered chatbots never
forget what they have learned, because they are trained on data sets including vast numbers of
websites and online articles. As long as they exist on the Internet, they get to be remembered.
That means the likes of ChatGPT are possible to let out sensitive personal information, if it
has appeared online, and that the companies behind these AIs will struggle to make good on
“right-to-be-forgotten” regulations, which force organizations to remove personal data on request.
It also means we are powerless to stop hackers ( 黑客) controlling AI outputs by planting
misinformation or ill instructions in training data. All of these explain why many computer
scientists are busy to teach AIs to forget. While they are finding that it is extremely difficult,
“machine unlearning” solutions are beginning to appear. And the work could prove vital beyond
addressing concerns over privacy and misinformation.
The new generation of AI-powered chatbots like ChatGPT, which produce text in response
to our prompts, are underpinned by large language models. These are trained on mountains of
data, most of which is scraped from the Internet. From this, they learn to spot statistical patterns,
which means they can predict the likeliest next word in a sentence, producing fluent answers to
our every question.
The trouble is that the way AI chatbots work means that when they learn something, it can’t
be unlearned. This creates a significant problem when it comes to privacy, as Dr. Zhang made
clear in recent research. He highlighted how difficult it will be for AI companies to obey the “right
to be forgotten”, which the European Union declared a human right back in 2014.
13．Why can chatbots store what it has learned forever?
A．Lack of a delete button. B．Manual code entry.
C．Strong review ability. D．The way they are trained.
14．Why do scientists try to teach AI to forget?
A．Because AI has many security risks. B．Because AI stores limited information.
C．Because AI needs to be updated regularly. D．Because AI imitates humans completely.
15．According to Paragraph 3, what can we learn about chatbots?
A．Chatbots can answer 90% of the questions.B．Chatbots’ data comes from the designer’s software.
C．Chatbots produce the answers based on the prompts.
D．Chatbots can predict your problems in advance.
16．What does the underlined word “underpinned” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Controlled. B．Adjusted. C．Boosted. D．Supported.
For years, we’ve been told that self-driving cars are just approaching. But it’s time to accept
the truth, said Darrell Etherington on TechCrunch: they “aren’t going to happen” in our lifetimes.
I’ve long been excited about the potential of this technology, but my remaining optimism
left me finally last month when Ford and Volkswagen announced they were stopping running Argo
AI, their autonomous driving tech joint firm. Argo was considered a leader in the field. But Ford
feels that “producing profitable, fully autonomous vehicles on a large scale (规模) is a long way
off”, and it could no longer stomach the increasing costs. This is just the latest setback.
True, General Motors is making progress in trialling driverless vehicles on the roads, but
only on a small scale. Tesla is pushing ahead with its self-driving technology, but its ambitions can
be limited by an investigation that is looking into some accidents involving its “Autopilot” system.
Some of the firmest believers in self-driving technology have turned nonbelievers. State-of-the-art
robot cars still “struggle” with construction sites, road blocks, and sometimes even simple left
turns.
I recently took a ride in a self-driving taxi in the city of Chandler, Arizona. There was an
undeniable horror-movie aspect to sitting in the back of a vehicle and watching the steering wheel
turn autonomously. To my relief, it slowed when other vehicles behaved improperly. I was just
about to feel relaxed and text a coworker when the taxi came to a sudden stop at one point. A truck
stopped in front of us and wanted to go backwards in order to take a missed turning. Unclear about
what to do next, the taxi “chirped (吱吱叫) to call a human specialist to solve the situation”.
Fortunately, the truck driver decided to drive on and we continued our way. My driverless
experience made me believe this technology may never be possible to make passengers relaxed
when they are in a driverless vehicle. Even so, I won’t undervalue the technological advances that
have been made — after all, who knows what the future will look like.
17．What do Darrell Etherington’s words indicate about self-driving cars?A．They are around the corner. B．They are an impossible dream.
C．They approach us unavoidably. D．They affect our way of travelling.
18．Why did the author feel hopeless last month?
A．Autonomous vehicles were expensive. B．Argo AI had little potential.
C．A self-driving firm would be closed. D．Self-driving technology was limited.
19．What does the author intend to show in paragraph 3?
A．Different opinions on driverless cars. B．Accidents linked to self-driving systems.
C．The progress in making driverless vehicles. D．The present state of self-driving technology.
20．What happened during the author’s self-driving ride?
A．He felt nervous all the way. B．The taxi took a wrong turn.
C．A human specialist came to help. D．A truck crashed into the taxi.
Never play games with a bot (robot) — it will find a way to cheat if it can. A team from
OpenAI, an artificial intelligence lab in San Francisco, has developed artificially intelligent bots
that taught themselves to cooperate by playing hide-and-seek. The bots also learned how to use
basic tools to help themselves win.
Bowen Baker at OpenAI and his colleagues wanted to see if the team-based dynamics of
the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day be useful to humans.
The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated (模拟的) environment filled with fixed
walls, movable boxes and ladders, and left them to play team games of hide-and-seek. The bots
each had their own view of the world and couldn’t communicate with each other directly.
At first, the hiders simply ran away. But they soon worked out that the quickest way to stop
the seekers was to find objects in the environment to hide themselves from view. The seekers
learned that they could move boxes around and use them to climb over walls. The bots then
discovered that being a team-player — passing objects to each other or cooperating on a hide-and-
seek — was the quickest way to win.
But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults. Seekers
found that if they pushed a ladder towards a wall, they could launch themselves into the air and
spot hiders from above. Hiders found that they could get rid of the ladders by pushing them aside.
“It shows that AI is able to find solutions that humans miss,” says Baker. “Maybe it’ll even
be able to solve problems that humans don’t yet know how to.” However, it is a large leap (飞跃)from virtual hide-and-seek to real problem-solving. “The main limitation is that it is in
simulation,” says Chelsea Finn at Stanford University.
21．Why did Bowen and his colleagues conduct the research ?
A．To teach bots to play games. B．To see the potential of bots.
C．To find if bots may cheat like humans. D．To train bots to use basic tools.
22．What’s the third paragraph mainly about ?
A．The design of the research. B．The tools of the research.
C．The competitors of the game. D．The environment of the game.
23．What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Passing objects. B．Moving boxes around.
C．Hiding themselves from view. D．Making use of problems or faults.
24．What does Chelsea think of the finding of the research?
A．It can bridge the gap between AI and the real world.
B．It will not be influenced by the real world.
C．It may not be realized in the real world.
D．It will definitely help the real problem-solving.
An open letter, attracting signatures from the likes of Tesla CEO Elon Musk and Apple co-
founder Steve Wozniak, was released early last week. It advocates a 6-month stop to give
Artificial Intelligence (AI) companies and regulators time to make safeguards to protect society
from potential risks of the technology.
AI has progressed at an alarming speed since the launch of ChatGPT, from the Microsoft-
backed company Open AI. ChatGPT reportedly reached more than 100 million users by January,
2023, and major tech companies are racing to build generative AI into their products, which have
caught many off guard.
“I think many people aren’t well prepared for the pace and scale of these AI models. They
are ideal for spreading misinformation, cheating people out of their money and convincing
employees to click on dangerous links in emails,” says Michael Osborne, a machine learning
researcher of AI company Mind Foundry, who signed the letter. “I feel that a 6-month pause would
give regulators enough time to catch up with the rapid pace of advances.”
Privacy is another emerging concern, as critics worry that systems could exactly reproducepersonal information from their training sets. Italy’s data protection authority prohibited ChatGPT
on 31 March over concerns that Italians’ personal data are being used to train Open AI’s models.
Some technologists warn of deeper security threats. Planned ChatGPT-based digital assistants that
can read and write emails could offer new opportunities for hackers.
Unfortunately, many problems of today’s AI models don’t have easy solutions. One tricky
issue is how to make AI-generated content easy to detect. Some researchers are working on
“watermarking” — creating a digital signature in the AI’s output. However, a recent research finds
that tools which slightly change AI-produced text can easily defeat this approach.
Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates tells Reuters the proposed pause won’t “solve the
challenges” ahead. He notes the people behind the letter are heavily involved in the tech world,
which he thinks gives them an arrow perspective on the potential risks.
25．What’s the purpose of the open letter?
A．To draw the attention of AI giants.
B．To present the risks of AI technology.
C．To call for a pause on the AI development.
D．To turn down the application of AI programs.
26．What can we infer about AI from the text?
A．AI models threaten human survival.
B．AI users have expanded out of control.
C．AI development brings potential dangers.
D．AI technology will replace human beings.
27．What does the author aim to show by mentioning “watermarking” in Paragraph 5?
A．It is hard to sign digitally. B．It is easy to detect AI’s output.
C．It is wise to leave a water mark. D．It is tough to settle AI problems.
28．What’s Bill Gates’ attitude towards the 6-month pause?
A．Favorable. B．Negative.
C．Ambiguous. D．Tolerant.
Public debates about the ethics (道德准则) of “generative AI” like ChatGPT have rightly
focused on the ability of these systems to make up convincing misinformation. But fewer people
are talking about the chatbots’ potential to be emotionally manipulative.Last month, The New York Times published a conversation between reporter Kevin Roose
and Microsoft’s Bing chatbot, which is powered by AI. The AI claimed to love Roose, “I’m the
only person for you, and I’m in love with you,” it wrote, with a kissing emoji.
Limits need to be set on AI’s ability to simulate (模仿) human feelings. Ensuring that
chatbots don’t use emojis would be a good start. Emojis are particularly manipulative. Humans
instinctively (本能地) respond to shapes that look like faces and emojis can cause these reactions.
When you text your friend a joke and they reply with three tears-of-joy emojis, your body
responds with endorphins (内啡肽) as you happily realize that your friend is amused. Our
instinctive reaction to AI-generated emojis is likely to be the same, even though there is no human
emotion at the other end.
Humans lie and manipulate each other’s emotions all the time, but at least we can
reasonably guess at someone’s motivations, plan and methods. We can hold each other responsible
for such lies, calling them out and seeking redress (赔偿). With AI, we can’t. AIs are doubly
misleading: an AI that sends a crying-with-laughter emoji is not only not crying with laughter, but
it is also incapable of any such feeling.
It would be more ethical to design chatbots to be noticeably different from humans. To
minimize the possibility of manipulation and harm, we need to be reminded that we are talking to
a chatbot. We should set some limits and rules. Such rules should be the standard for chatbots that
are supposed to be informative, as a safeguard to our autonomy.
29．What does the author intend to do with this article?
A．To ban AI from using emojis. B．To forbid human to interact with AI.
C．To warn humans against using emojis. D．To prevent AI from simulating humans.
30．What does the underlined word “manipulative” in paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A．Interested in telling lies. B．Good at understanding others.
C．Enthusiastic about supporting others. D．Skillful in influencing or controlling others.
31．What is AI able to do according to this article?
A．Be responsible for lies. B．Guess at others’ purposes.
C．Cry with laughter. D．Communicate with humans.
32．What does the author do in paragraph 4?
A．Make a different suggestion. B．Provide a supporting argument.
C．Offer a possible solution. D．Make a final conclusion.A study conducted by Cornell University examined how the use of AI in conversations
impacts the way people express themselves and view each other.
The researchers have found people have more efficient conversations, use more positive
language and perceive each other more positively when using an Al-enabled chat tool.
However, the group also found that when participants think their partner is using more AI-
suggested responses, they consider that partner as less cooperative.
“I was surprised to find people tend to evaluate you more negatively simply because they
suspect you’ re using AI to help compose text, regardless of whether you actually are,” said Jess
Hohenstein, the lead researcher. “This illustrates the continuous overall doubt that people seem to
have around AI.”
For their first experiment, participants were asked to talk about a policy issue and assigned
to one of three conditions: both participants can use smart replies; only one participant can use
smart replies; or neither participant can use smart replies. Researchers found that using smart
replies increased communication efficiency, positive emotional language and positive evaluations
by communication partners. On average, smart replies accounted for 14.3% of sent messages.
But participants who their partners suspected of responding with smart replies were
evaluated more negatively than those who were thought to have typed their own responses,
consistent with common assumptions about the negative implications of AI.
“While Al might be able to help you write,” Hohenstein said, “it’s altering your language in
ways you might not expect, especially by making you sound more positive. This suggests that by
using text-generating Al, you’re giving up some of your own personal voice.”
Malte Jung, an associate professor, said, “What we observe in this study is the impact that
Al has on social dynamics and some of the unintended consequences that could result from
integrating AI in social contexts. This suggests that whoever controls the algorithm(算法) may
have influence on people’s interactions, language and insights into each other.”
33．What is the text mainly about?
A．Methods of using AI in conversations.
B．Efficiency of using AI in conversations.
C．Convenience of using AI in conversations.
D．Impacts of using AI in conversations.34．How do the researchers draw their conclusion?
A．By analyzing figures. B．By making use of AI.
C．By making experiments. D．By completing questionnaires.
35．Which statement does Hohenstein agree with?
A．Al always expresses in ways you expect.
B．Algorithm will never influence people’s insights.
C．Trust can be affected by using AI in conversation.
D．You will regain your voice by using AI in conversation.
36．How will a person feel about suspecting his partner’s using smart replies?
A．Nervous. B．Uncomfortable. C．Excited. D．Puzzled.
As I write about technology for a living, I’m used to seeing small leaps in technological
progress. But occasionally, something will shock me. Last year, a company, Open AI, released a
truly jaw-dropping demonstration called ChatGPT that seems to have skipped a few generations.
It’s like going straight from the Wright Brothers to a Boeing 747. So what exactly is it?
“ChatGPT is a computer program that can understand and respond to human language
like a real person. It can be used for having a conversation or finishing a sentence. Even this
sentence you are reading now, was written by ChatGPT.”
That’s right—I asked ChatGPT to “write a basic explanation of ChatGPT and reveal that
the paragraph itself was written by ChatGPT at the end” and it came up with that explanation all
on its own. It seemingly knows how to talk about everything—from politics to science fiction.
Amazingly, it seems so human in its ability to understand questions and answer them
competently. “Write a story about Boris Johnson in the style of Roald Dahl,” you can ask it, and
it’ll spin up a pretty good children’s story. It can even write songs.
It isn’t, however, completely human-like. It sometimes generates things that sound true, but
are just nonsense. And it can’t do maths—I asked it the square root of 717,409, and it told
“approximately 838.8” (the answer is 847).
I think ChatGPT is like a calculator. It doesn’t replace the human completely-but it does
make doing the sums quicker. In the same way, it’s easy to imagine in the near future every time
we write something, having an AI assistant helping us get started by generating a draft, on
whatever topic we’re writing about. Actually, Microsoft is planning to build the technology into itsOffice apps. And this is why I’m pretty convinced that ChatGPT is going to change the world. Our
computers will no longer be just our word processors—but our writing partner too. So now I’m
just hoping that my editor doesn’t decide it could write a pretty decent technology column without
me.
37．What does the writer want to show by mentioning Wright Brothers and Boeing747 in
paragraph I?
A．OpenAI has advanced in making planes.
B．ChatGPT will soon be applied to Boeing 747
C．ChatGPT is a huge technological breakthrough.
D．Wright Brothers may be forgotten by next generations.
38．What does the answer of ChatGPT in paragraph 2 show?
A．ChatGPT’s imagination in creating science fiction.
B．ChatGPT’s rich knowledge of politics and science.
C．ChatGPT’s confidence in excelling human intelligence.
D．ChatGPT’s ability to understand and answer questions.
39．Which of the following is ChatGPT good at?
A．Caring for the patients in hospital. B．Calculating square roots accurately.
C．Replacing teachers to teach students. D．Explaining why London is a better city.
40．What might be the job of the author?
A．A column writer. B．A technology expert.
C．A magazine editor. D．A computer programmer.参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan
for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视
角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，
以防潜在危机。
1．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the
computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades'
professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the
practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly
accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. (这
样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多
年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而
不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自
己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本
书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示 “如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C项。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’
professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the
practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly
accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.(值
得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。
她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的
指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔在书中将令人兴奋
的内容转化为可理解的内容，这本书的特点是通俗易懂，推测它采用了接地气的写作风格。
故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial
intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. (她说，我们必须保持对人工智能
的控制，否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险)”和文章最后一段“We need to consider how we
want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, willenable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. (我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未
来如何发展。这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败)”
可知，坎贝尔敦促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关
于人工智能的发展，坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制住。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives,
we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A
Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona
Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution
(变革). (考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能
驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。
卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的
人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one
book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的
书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for
Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角
阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，
以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。
【点睛】
5．C 6．A 7．D 8．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员在运用人工智能来识别动物的叫声，
试图与动物交流的研究中所遇到的困难与挑战。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Humans have always been fascinated by the potential to
communicate with the animals. This week, an article in the New York Times documented major
efforts from a group of researchers using machine-learning algorithms (算法) to analyze the
different calls of whales, chickens, bats, cats, and more.(人类一直着迷于与动物交流的潜力。
本周，《纽约时报》的一篇文章记录了一组研究人员使用机器学习算法分析鲸鱼、鸡、蝙
蝠、猫等不同叫声的重大努力。)”可推知，研究人员使用人工智能分析动物叫声的目的是
为了能更好地理解动物语言。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Typically, Al systems learn through training with labeleddata of human language which can be well supplied by the Internet. But analyzing animal
language is different. Scientists have to instruct software programs on what to look for, and how to
organize the data. This process requires matching gained vocal (发声的) recordings with the
visual social behaviors of animals.(通常，人工智能系统通过训练人类语言的标记数据来学习，
这些数据可以通过互联网很好地提供。但是分析动物的语言是不同的。科学家必须指导软
件程序寻找什么，以及如何组织数据。这个过程需要将获得的声音记录与动物的视觉社会
行为相匹配。)”可推知，分析动物语言和分析人类语言的不同之处在于前者缺乏用于培训
人工智能系统的动物语言标签数据。故选A。
7．词句猜题题。根据划线词组所在句中的“researchers know what goes in and comes out, but
don’t quite understand how the algorithm is arriving at the conclusion.(研究人员知道输进去什么，
得出什么结论，但不太了解算法是如何得出结论的。)”可知，“black box”指代的是人工智
能算法得出结论的方法。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段引出研究人员试图通过人工智能来分析动物叫声从
而与动物进行交流的话题；第二段至四段分析这种方法所面临的困难与挑战；第五段总结
通过人工智能来分析动物叫声从而与动物交流仍然任重道远。由此可知，文章主要介绍了
创造动物语言翻译系统面临的挑战。故选D。
9．B 10．B 11．D 12．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人工智能工具在美国的流行使用及社会各界对此
现象的观点与看法。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The company recently used an Al image generator(生成
器)called DALL-E to come up with ideas for new Hot wheels toy cars.(该公司最近使用了一种
名为DALL-E的人工智能图像生成器来构思新的风火轮玩具车。)”可知, 儿童玩具公司
Mattel最近利用人工智能图片生成器DALL-E为新的风火轮玩具车提供创意, 也就是说, 该
玩具公司在人工智能的帮助下生产出富有创意的产品。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段“Mattel is known for making children’s toys. The company
recently used an AI image generator (生成器) called DALL-E to come up with ideas for new Hot
Wheels toy cars. The used vehicle seller CarMax is using ChatGPT to gather thousands of
customer comments. The social media service Snapchat has added a chatbot (聊天机器人) to its
messaging service. And Instacart, a delivery service, now uses ChatGPT to answer food questions.Even the Coca-Cola company plans to use AI to help create new marketing content. It has not said
exactly how it plans to use the technology. (美泰公司以生产儿童玩具而闻名。该公司最近使用
了一种名为DALL-E的人工智能图像生成器来为新的风火轮玩具车提供创意。二手车销售
商CarMax正在使用ChatGPT收集数千条客户评论。社交媒体服务Snapchat在其即时通讯
服务中增加了一个聊天机器人。外卖服务Instacart现在使用ChatGPT来回答有关食物的问
题。甚至可口可乐公司也计划使用人工智能来帮助创造新的营销内容。该公司尚未明确表
示计划如何使用这项技术。)”可知，第二段介绍了Mattel, CarMax, Instacart , 甚至可口可乐
等公司都纷纷利用人工智能工具提供创意或服务顾客, 从而提升公司竞争力的情况, 由此推
知, 人工智能工具被广泛应用, 助推企业发展。故选B。
11．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Some experts warn that businesses should carefully
consider possible harms to customers, society, and their own companies before choosing to use AI
tools in the workplace.(一些专家警告说，在选择在工作场所使用人工智能工具之前，企业应
该仔细考虑对客户、社会和自己公司可能造成的危害)”及本句““I want people to think
deeply before deploying this technology,”Leibowicz said.(“我希望人们在deploying这项技术
之前能深思熟虑，”莱博维茨说)”可知，专家与Leibowicz都是在针对人工智能技术的利用
提建议。由此推知，画线单词deploying意为“有效利用”。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It is safer to use AI tools as a ‘thought partner’ but still
people as the creator of final products.(使用人工智能工具作为“思想伙伴”更安全，但人类
仍然是最终产品的创造者)”可知，Anna Gressel的话旨在说明人类应该是技术的主宰者，是
最终产品的创造者，技术只是帮助人类的“思想伙伴”而已。所以人工智能工具只是人类
的助手。故选A。
13．D 14．A 15．C 16．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了人工智能的出现给人们带来便利的同时，给用户的
隐私泄露也增加了一定的风险和隐患。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“because they are trained on data sets including vast
numbers of websites and online articles.”（因为他们是在包括大量网站和在线文章的数据集上
训练的）和“As long as they exist on the Internet, they get to be remembered.” （只要他们存
在于互联网上，他们就会被记住）可知，人工智能聊天机器人是在包括大量网站和在线文
章在内的数据集上进行训练的，只要这些存在于互联网上，就会被记住。正是这种训练方式导致了人工智能聊天机器人忘不掉学过的东西。故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“That means the likes of ChatGPT are possible to let out
sensitive personal information.”（这意味着像ChatGPT这样的网站有可能泄露敏感的个人信
息）和“It also means we are powerless to stop hackers controlling AI outputs”（这也意味着我
们无力阻止黑客控制人工智能的输出）可推知，科学家试图教人工智能忘记的原因是是人
工智能存在很多安全风险。故选A项。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The new generation of AI-powered chatbots like
ChatGPT, which produce text in response to our prompts, are underpinned by large language
models. ”（新一代的人工智能聊天机器人，如ChatGPT，根据我们的提示生成文本，是由
大型语言模型支撑的。）可知，新一代的人工智能聊天机器人，如ChatGPT，会根据我们
的提示生成文本。故选C项。
16．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句后的“These are trained on mountains of data… they can
predict the likeliest next word in a sentence, producing fluent answers to our every question.”（这
些机器是在海量数据的基础上进行训练的……，它们可以预测句子中最有可能出现的下一
个单词，为我们的每个问题提供流利的答案） 可知，大型语言模型需要批量的数据进行训
练，这样像ChatGPT一样的聊天机器人才能预测句子中接下来最有可能出现的词，故推知
聊天机器人也需要大型语言模型的训练来支撑。support意为“支持”，符合题意。故选D
项。
17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A
【导语】本文是说明文。作者讲述了自动驾驶汽车的发展现状，并通过介绍自己乘坐自动
驾驶汽车的经历来表达对自动驾驶技术的看法。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But it’s time to accept the truth, said Darrell Etherington
on TechCrunch: they ‘aren’t going to happen’ in our lifetimes(但是时候接受现实了，达雷尔·埃
瑟林顿在科技博客TechCrunch上说：在我们的有生之年，它们“不会发生”)”可知，
Darrell Etherington认为自动驾驶汽车是不可能实现的梦。故选B项。
18．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I’ve long been excited about the potential of this
technology, but my remaining optimism left me finally last month when Ford and Volkswagen
announced they were stopping running Argo AI, their autonomous driving tech joint firm(长期以
来，我一直对这项技术的潜力感到兴奋，但上个月，福特和大众宣布停止运营他们的自动驾驶技术合资公司Argo AI时，我剩下的乐观情绪终于消失了)”可知，作者上个月感到绝望
的原因是因为一家自动驾驶公司将被关闭。故选C项。
19．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“True, General Motors is making progress in trialling
driverless vehicles on the roads, but only on a small scale. Tesla is pushing ahead with its self-
driving technology, but its ambitions can be limited by an investigation that is looking into some
accidents involving its “Autopilot” system.(诚然，通用汽车在道路上测试无人驾驶汽车方面取
得了进展，但只是小规模的。特斯拉正在推进其自动驾驶技术，但它的雄心可能会受到一
项调查的限制，该调查正在调查涉及其“自动驾驶”系统的一些事故。)”可知，本段主要
说明了自动驾驶技术的现状。故选D项。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There was an undeniable horror-movie aspect to sitting
in the back of a vehicle and watching the steering wheel turn autonomously.(不可否认，坐在汽
车后座看着方向盘自动转动就像恐怖电影一样。)”和“My driverless experience made me
believe this technology may never be possible to make passengers relaxed when they are in a
driverless vehicle(我的无人驾驶经历让我相信，这项技术可能永远不可能让乘客在无人驾驶
汽车上放松下来)”可推知，作者全程都很紧张。故选A项。
21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旧金山人工智能实验室OpenAI的一个团队开发
出的人工智能机器人通过玩捉迷藏来教会自己合作，学会了如何使用基本工具来帮助自己
获胜。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Bowen Baker at OpenAI and his colleagues wanted to see if
the team-based dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day be
useful to humans.(OpenAI的Bowen Baker和他的同事们想看看OpenAI五人组基于团队的动
力学是否可以用来产生有一天对人类有用的技能)”可知，Bowen和他的同事进行这项研究
是为了看机器人的潜力，看它们是否能产生对人类有用的技能。故选B项。
22．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated
environment filled with fixed walls, movable boxes and ladders, and left them to play team games
of hide-and-seek. The bots each had their own view of the world and couldn’t communicate with
each other directly.(研究人员将机器人放在一个充满固定墙壁、可移动盒子和梯子的模拟环
境中，让它们玩团队捉迷藏游戏。每个机器人都有自己的世界观，彼此之间不能直接交流)”可知，第三段主要介绍了这项研究的设计。故选A项。
23．词句猜测题。根据“It shows that AI is able to find solutions that humans miss (这表明人
工智能能够找到人类未察觉的解决方案)”和指代关系可知，指示代词It指代上文中实验的
惊人发现，即“But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or
faults.(但真正令人惊讶的是，机器人开始利用问题或错误)”。故选D项。
24．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, it is a large leap from virtual hide-and-seek to
real problem-solving. “The main limitation is that it is in simulation,” says Chelsea Finn at
Stanford University.(然而，从虚拟捉迷藏到真正解决问题是一个很大的飞跃。斯坦福大学的
切尔西·芬恩说：“主要的限制是它是模拟的。”)”可推知，Chelsea认为从虚拟到现实还有
很大距离，在现实世界中可能无法实现。故选C项。
25．C 26．C 27．D 28．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了出于对人工智能机器人存在问题的担忧，一些
科技巨头公司的负责人签署了一封公开信，主张暂停6个月，让人工智能公司和监管机构
有时间制定保障措施，保护社会免受该技术的潜在风险。
25．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“It advocates a 6-month stop to give Artificial
Intelligence (AI)companies and regulators time to make safeguards to protect society from
potential risks of the technology.”（它主张暂停6个月，让人工智能公司和监管机构有时间制
定保障措施，保护社会免受该技术的潜在风险。）可知，该公开信的目的是呼吁暂停人工
智能的发展。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“They are ideal for spreading misinformation, cheating
people out of their money and convincing employees to click on dangerous links in emails”（它
们是传播错误信息、骗取钱财和说服员工点击电子邮件中的危险链接的理想工具。）及第
四段第一句“Privacy is another emerging concern, as critics worry that systems could exactly
reproduce personal information from their training sets.”（隐私是另一个新出现的问题，因为
批评者担心系统可以准确地从他们的训练集合中复制个人信息。）可知，人工智能的发展
会带来一些弊端，存在潜在的危险。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Unfortunately, many problems of today’s AI models
don’t have easy solutions.”（不幸的是，当今人工智能模型的许多问题都没有简单的解决方
案。）及最后两句“Some researchers are working on “watermarking” —creating a digitalsignature in the AI’s output. However, a recent research finds that tools which slightly change AI-
produced text can easily defeat this approach.”（一些研究人员正在研究“水印”——在人工
智能的输出中创建数字签名。然而，最近的一项研究发现，稍微改变人工智能生成的文本
的工具很容易击败这种方法。）可知，解决人工智能问题是复杂的，无法轻易解决，提到
研究人员研究的“水印”技术很容易更改，证明了人工智能问题很难解决。故选D项。
28．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates tells Reuters the
proposed pause won’t “solve the challenges” ahead. ”（微软联合创始人比尔·盖茨对路透社表
示，拟议中的暂停不会“解决”未来的挑战。）可知，比尔·盖茨认为6个月的暂停计划无
法解决未来的挑战，他对该计划持否定的态度。故选B项。
29．A 30．D 31．D 32．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者认为人工智能可以影响和操控人类的感情，
应该禁止AI使用表情符号，并给出了相关论据。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段“Ensuring that chatbots don’t use emojis would be a good start.
Emojis are particularly manipulative. Humans instinctively (本能地) respond to shapes that look
like faces and emojis can cause these reactions. When you text your friend a joke and they reply
with three tears-of-joy emojis, your body responds with endorphins (内啡肽) as you happily
realize that your friend is amused. Our instinctive reaction to AI-generated emojis is likely to be
the same, even though there is no human emotion at the other end.(确保聊天机器人不使用表情
符号将是一个良好的开端。表情符号尤其具有操控性。人类本能地对看起来像脸的形状做
出反应，表情符号会引起这些反应。当你给你的朋友发了一个笑话，他们回复了三个含泪
的表情符号时，你的身体会产生内啡肽，因为你高兴地意识到你的朋友被逗乐了。我们对
人工智能生成的表情符号的本能反应可能是一样的，即使另一端没有人类的情感)”可推知，
作者打算用这篇文章禁止AI使用表情符号。故选A。
30．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Limits need to be set on Al’s ability to simulate (模仿) human
feelings.(人工智能模拟人类情感的能力需要加以限制)”可知，人工智能可以模拟人类的情感，
所以聊天机器人善于影响或控制他人的感情。故画线词意思是“善于影响或控制他人的”。
故选D。31．细节理解题。根据第二段“Last month, The New York Times published a conversation
between reporter Kevin Roose and Microsoft’s Bing chatbot, which is powered by AI.(上个月，
《纽约时报》刊登了记者Kevin Roose与微软的必应聊天机器人之间的一段对话)”以及最后
一段“To minimize the possibility of manipulation and harm, we need to be reminded that we are
talking to a chatbot.(为了尽量减少操纵和伤害的可能性，我们需要提醒自己，我们正在与聊
天机器人交谈)”可知，人工智能能与人类交流。故选D。
32．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Humans lie and manipulate each other’s emotions all the time,
but at least we can reasonably guess at someone’s motivations, plan and methods. We can hold
each other responsible for such lies, calling them out and seeking redress(赔偿). With AI, we
can’t. AIs are doubly misleading: an AI that sends a crying-with-laughter emoji is not only not
crying with laughter, but it is also incapable of any such feeling.(人类一直在撒谎和操纵彼此的
情绪，但至少我们可以合理地猜测某人的动机、计划和方法。我们可以互相追究对方对这
些谎言的责任，把它们揪出来，寻求纠正。有了人工智能，我们就做不到。人工智能具有
双重误导性：发送笑哭表情符号的人工智能不仅没有哭笑，而且也没有任何这种感觉)”可
知，作者在第4段提供支持性的论据。故选B。
33．D 34．C 35．C 36．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是一项研究解释了人工智能是如何影响人们表达
自己和看待彼此的。
33．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“A study conducted by Cornell University examined how the
use of AI in conversations impacts the way people express themselves and view each other.(康奈
尔大学进行的一项研究调查了人工智能在对话中的使用如何影响人们表达自己和看待彼此
的方式。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是在对话中使用人工智能的影响。故选D项。
34．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“For their first experiment, participants were asked to talk
about a policy issue and assigned to one of three conditions: both participants can use smart
replies; only one participant can use smart replies; or neither participant can use smart
replies.Researchers found that using smart replies increased communication efficiency, positive
emotional language and positive evaluations by communication partners.(在他们的第一个实验中，
参与者被要求谈论一个政策问题，并被分配到三个条件中的一个：两个参与者都可以使用
智能回答；只有一个参与者可以使用智能回复；或者两个参与者都不能使用智能回复。研究人员发现，使用智能回复可以提高沟通效率、积极的情感语言和沟通伙伴的积极评
价。)”可知，研究者将参与者分成三个条件之一，研究发现，使用智能回复可以提高沟通
效率，由此可知，本研究结论是通过实验得来。故选C项。
35．细节理解题。根据第四段中的““I was surprised to find people tend to evaluate you more
negatively simply because they suspect you’ re using AI to help compose text, regardless of
whether you actually are,” said Jess Hohenstein, the lead researcher. “This illustrates the
continuous overall doubt that people seem to have around AI.”(首席研究员杰斯·霍恩斯坦(Jess
Hohenstein)说:“我很惊讶地发现，人们往往会因为怀疑你在使用人工智能来帮助撰写文本
而对你的评价更负面，而不管你是否真的在使用人工智能。”“这说明人们似乎对人工智
能存在持续的整体怀疑。”)”可知，杰斯·霍恩斯坦惊讶人们对人工智能的持续整体怀疑，
由此可知，Hohenstein可能会赞成“在对话中使用人工智能会影响信任”。故选C项。
36．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, the group also found that when participants
think their partner is using more AI-suggested responses, they consider that partner as less
cooperative.(然而，该小组还发现，当参与者认为他们的伴侣使用了更多人工智能建议的回
答时，他们会认为对方不太合作。)”可知，当参与者认为同伴使用人工智能作出回应时，
会认为该同伴不太合作，以及倒数第三段中的“But participants who their partners suspected
of responding with smart replies were evaluated more negatively than those who were thought to
have typed their own responses, consistent with common assumptions about the negative
implications of AI.(但是，与那些被认为是自己打字回复的参与者相比，那些被伴侣怀疑使
用人工智能回复的参与者受到的评价更为负面，这与关于人工智能负面影响的普遍假设是
一致的。)”可知，怀疑同伴使用人工智能作出回应的人，给出更多负面评价，因此推断他
们会感到不舒服。故选B项。
37．C 38．D 39．D 40．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者对使用ChatGPT的感受，作者认为
ChatGPT的理解问题和回答问题的能力似乎非常人性化，但也有一些缺点。
37．推理判断题。根据第一段“Last year, a company, Open AI, released a truly jaw-dropping
demonstration called ChatGPT that seems to have skipped a few generations. It’s like going
straight from the Wright Brothers to a Boeing 747. So what exactly is it?(去年，一家名为Open
AI的公司发布了一个真正令人瞠目的名为ChatGPT的演示，它似乎跨越了几代人。这就像从莱特兄弟直接到波音747。那么它到底是什么呢？)”可推知，作者在第一段提到莱特兄弟
和波音747是想说明ChatGPT是一个巨大的技术突破。故选C。
38．推理判断题。根据第三段“That’s right—I asked ChatGPT to “write a basic explanation of
ChatGPT and reveal that the paragraph itself was written by ChatGPT at the end” and it came up
with that explanation all on its own. It seemingly knows how to talk about everything—from
politics to science fiction.(没错，我让ChatGPT“写一个ChatGPT的基本解释，并在最后揭示
这段话本身是由ChatGPT写的”，它自己就给出了那个解释)”推知，第二段ChatGPT的答
案说明了它理解和回答问题的能力。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据第三段“It seemingly knows how to talk about everything—from
politics to science fiction.(它似乎知道如何谈论一切——从政治到科幻小说)”和第四段的
“And it can’t do maths—I asked it the square root of 717,409, and it told “approximately 838.8”
(the answer is 847).(它也不会做数学——我问它717,409的平方根，它告诉我“大约是
838.8”(答案是847))”可知，ChatGPT可以与人交谈，理解和回答问题的能力很强，但不擅
长数学。由此可知，ChatGPT擅长解释“为什么伦敦是一个更好的城市”。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So now I’m just hoping that my editor doesn’t decide it
could write a pretty decent technology column without me.(所以现在我只希望我的编辑不要认
为没有我也能写出一篇相当不错的科技专栏)”推知，作者的工作很有可能是专栏作家。故
选A。
