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Unit9 语法篇
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1.熟练掌握whether/if 引导的宾语从句
2.熟练掌握疑问词引导的宾语从句
whether/if 及疑问词引导的宾语从句
1. whether/if 引导的宾语从句
whether 与 if 意为“是否”，在我们表达不确定的概念时，用whether/if 引导宾语从句。此时
whether/if 在从句中不作句子成分，但不能省略。一般情况下可以互换使用。
He asked if [whether] we wanted a drink. 他问我们是否想喝一杯。
He didn’t tell me if [whether] he would come. 他没有告诉我他是否会来。
1) 在介词后、不定式之前、以及直接与or not 连用时，只能用whether。
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time. 这取决于信是否来得及时。
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. 我真是哭笑不得。
I will write to you whether or not I can come. 我能不能来，我将写信告诉你。
注意：若不是直接与 or not 用在一起，则有时也可用 if：
I don’t know whether [if] he will win or not. 我不知他是否能赢。
2) 当引导一个否定的宾语从句时，通常用 if 而不用 whether。
I don’t care if it doesn’t rain. 我不在乎天是否下雨。
注意：在个别词语(如 wonder, not sure 等)后的从句否定式有时也可用 whether 引导。
I wonder if [whether] he isn’t mistaken. 我想知道他是否错了。
2. 疑问词引导的宾语从句
宾语从句还可以由疑问词what，which，who，where，when，how，why 等引导。疑问词在句
中有实际意义，且在宾语从句中充当句子成分，不能省略。疑问代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语
和定语等；疑问副词在句中作状语。
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I don't know what we should do. 我不知道我们应该做什么。
Do you know which film they are talking about? 你知道他们正在谈论哪部电影吗？
Can you tell me who she is waiting for? 你能告诉我她正在等谁吗？
He told us where they were going to travel. 他告诉我们他们打算去哪儿旅游。
Do you know when the train will arrive? 你知道火车什么时候到吗？
The police told us how we could get there. 警察告诉我们怎样可以到那儿。
No one knows why Amy is not happy today. 没有人知道埃米为什么今天不高兴。
单项选择
1.（2015 北京中考）---Can you tell me to London ?
---Sure . Next month `.
A. when you will travel
B. when will you travel
C. when you travelled
D. when did you travel
2.（2015 内蒙古包头中考）---It 's said that the new highway has been completed .
---Yes , but we don't know it's to be opened to traffic soon .
A. which
B. when
C. whether
D. since
3.（2015 内蒙古乌鲁木齐中考）---What did the young lady ask just now ?
---She wondered .
A. what time was it
B. whether the book had come out
C. if could she use the computer
D. when she will get her passport
4.（2015 陕西中考）---Mum, can you tell me ? I dreamed of him last night .
---Next week .
A. when my dad comes back
B. where my dad goes
C. when my dad will come back
D. where my dad will go
5.（2015 湖北恩施中考）Can you tell me
your bike this Sunday?
A. that I can borrow
B. whether can I borrow
C. whether I can borrow
6. I don't know
she will come to my birthday party or not.
A. when
B. whether
C. what
D. who
基础演练
一、单项选择
1. --- I wonder
.
--- Zebras.
A.
what do they call these animals
B.
how they call these animals
C.
what they call these animals
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D.
how do they call these animals
2. I don't know
the day after tomorrow. Can you tell me?
A.
when we started
B.
when did we start
C.
when we will start
D.
when will we start
3. --- Do you know
the MP3 player last Tuesday?
--- Sorry, I have no idea.
A.
how much did she pay for
B.
how much will she pay for
C.
how much she paid for
D.
how much she will pay for
4. I can't understand
she likes computer games so much.
A.
that
B.
whether
C.
why
D.
where
5. I can't remember
I have seen her before.
A.
whether
B.
why
C.
what
D.
how
二、选词填空(句子选词填空)
when
which
who
that
why
1. --- Oh, I can't decide
of the three books I should buy.
--- I think this one, Who Moved My Cheese, is the most interesting.
2. --- Can you tell me
the film will start?
--- At eight o'clock.
3. ---
is your friend so unhappy?
--- Perhaps because he is missing his old school.
4. --- I've heard
Liu Yang won the race in our school again. Is it true?
--- Yes. Isn't it wonderful?
5. --- Could you tell me
the man in front of the car is?
--- Li Lei's father.
巩固提高
三、按要求转换句型(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)
1. Does Mr. Green live in Beijing? Could you tell me?
Could you tell me
Mr. Green
in Beijing?
2. When will the plane arrive? He wants to know.
He wants to know
the plane
arrive.
3. Where is she from? Can you tell me?
Can you tell me
?
4. Could you tell us? What happened to her?
Could you tell us
?
5. What’s wrong with you? Father asked me.
Father asked me what wrong with .
四、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)
1. 我想知道今天有没有去北京的火车。
I want to know
there is a train to Beijing today.
2. 我不知道是否会有人买。
I don't know
people will buy it
not.
3. 你知道一个双人间多少钱吗?
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Do you know
a double room
?
4. 我想知道为什么你今天上学又迟到了。
I want to know
late for school again today.
5. 有人问我“五一”期间去了哪里。
Someone asked
during the May Day holiday.
一、单项选择
1. Can you tell me
your boss looks like?
A.
why
B.
which
C.
when
D.
what
2. We'll plant trees tomorrow, and I don't know
Tom will come and join us.
A.
if
B.
which
C.
what
D.
where
3. --- Could you tell me
the school leavers' party is?
--- In the school hall.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
what
D.
how
4. --- Have you ever seen the film 2012?
--- Yes, but I don't believe
the year 2012 will see the end of the world.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
how
D.
if
5. Don't wait for people to be friendly, show them
a friendly person you are.
A.
what
B.
how
C.
when
D.
where
6. Do you know
I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star, Jackie!
A.
whom
B.
when
C.
where
D.
how
7. --- Do you remember
he came?
--- Yes, I do, he came by car.
A.
how
B.
when
C.
that
D.
if
8. I've decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering
you could go with me.
A.
if
B.
when
C.
that
D.
where
9. --- Do you know
Amy came to school this morning?
--- Her bike was broken, so she had to walk.
A.
why
B.
how
C.
when
D.
where
10. --- Do you know
World Water Day is?
--- On March 22nd.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
what
D.
which
11. --- I'm not sure
Tony will come or not.
--- Me neither.
A.
when
B.
if
C.
whether
D.
weather
12. I was told to meet Mr. White at the airport. But I don't know
he will arrive.
A.
when
B.
how
C.
where
D.
why
13. Thomas wants to know
Nina lives.
A.
where
B.
who
C.
what
D.
if
14. I don't know
it's polite or not to eat with our arms or elbows on the table in
America.
A.
if
B.
whether
C.
weather
D.
which
15. There are many CD-ROMs in the bookshop. I don't know
to buy.
A.
what
B.
which
C.
when
D.
how
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二、完形填空
Everyone needs friends. There is an old saying “Friends are God's way of taking care of us.” But
how do you find real friendship and 1 it?
The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some smart 2
to find friends.
Sally says finding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed and take care of it to 3
it grow.
First, you should choose a friend. 4
makes a good friend? It is not because a person has
money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and 5
. For example, if you have a bad day,
a good friend should 6
your complaints(抱怨) and do his or her best to help. To make a friend,
you can not be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your 7
. But things cannot
always be happy. Even the best have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend?
You have to talk to him or her. When there is 8
around, have an honest talk. If he or she
doesn't want to talk, you could write a 9
.
There are three steps to being friends again:
Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong, and 10
why
you did this or that. Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life.
1.
A.
know
B.
keep
C.
believe
D.
remember
2.
A.
reasons
B.
lessons
C.
news
D.
ways
3.
A.
take
B.
use
C.
make
D.
cover
4.
A.
What
B.
Why
C.
When
D.
Who
5.
A.
famous
B.
rich
C.
strong
D.
patient
6.
A.
see
B.
listen to
C.
find
D.
ask
7.
A.
money
B.
stories
C.
lives
D.
food
8.
A.
someone
B.
something
C.
everything
D.
no one
9.
A.
letter
B.
word
C.
sentence
D.
book
10.
A.
talk
B.
explain
C.
think
D.
give
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阅读理解
A
Dear American Girl,
My birthday party guest list has a lot of people on it, but I can only invite
five to my birthday party.
They're all my good friends. How can I choose?
Jessica
Dear Jessica,
You can talk to your parents about your birthday party. Explain that
picking only five friends might cause friendship problems for you, and ask if
there's a way to deal with it. Could you have a simpler party with more people?
You can change your party plan to include more friends. This could avoid
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hurting people's feelings.
American Girl
Dear American Girl,
There's a girl in our grade who always follows us around. We don't like her
because she's annoying and always getting in our business (插手我们的事情).
How can we get her to play with someone else without hurting her feelings?
Four friends
Dear Four friends,
You four need to be careful because this is how many bullying(欺负)
situations get started. This girl is just trying to find a place to fit in. Maybe it's
with your group, and maybe not. Either way, try not to be mad at her for
"annoying you", and really give her a chance. Be kind. Say hi. And accept the
fact that she's not perfect—who is perfect, after all? If she asks you questions
you don't want to answer, just ask her a question about herself to change the
topic. Telling this girl to play with someone else can turn quickly into bullying.
That will hurt her feelings and might put you four in trouble. So just share your
friendship.
American Girl
1. The underlined word "it" refers to
.
A.
birthday party
B.
birthday plan
C.
guest list
D.
restaurant
2. According to American Girl, Jessica should
.
A.
not have a birthday party
B.
have a birthday party with her family
C.
invite five best friends to her birthday party
D.
have a simpler birthday party with more friends
3. American Girl advises Four friends to
.
A.
say nothing to the girl
B.
make the girl be perfect
C.
give the girl a chance
D.
tell the girl to play with someone else
B
Feeling Left Out?
A reader wrote in to say that she was feeling lonely at break because her best friend wasn't around.
Here's our advice to her—and to all kids who feel lonely sometimes.
It's hard when a best friend isn't around—maybe because she moved to a different school or a different
class. You may feel lonely at break or lunchtime. You want to have new friends, but how do you make
them? Maybe it seems like everybody else already has their friends. But remember, there's always room for
more friends.
Start by looking around your classroom—think about which kids you'd like to play with at break.
Look for chances to say hi to them, smile, and be friendly. Offer to share something or express your
appreciation(欣赏) to them. Invite someone to play with you or say "Do you want to sit here?" in the
lunchroom. When you're at break, walk over to the kids you want to play with, act friendly, and say "Hi,
can I play, too?" or just join in.
If you have trouble doing this or if you're feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends.
Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends. The best way to make friends is to be a friend. Be
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kind, be friendly, share, say nice things, offer to help—and pretty soon, you'll have one, or two, or even
more new friends.
You might still miss that special best friend. But when you see each other, you can share something
you didn't have before she left. You can introduce her to your new friends!
4. This text is written for
.
A.
teachers
B.
parents
C.
students
D.
visitors
5. According to the writer, some kids feel lonely at break because they
.
A.
have trouble with their studies
B.
don't have their best friends around
C.
need their parents to be with them
D.
are too young to look after themselves
6. The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 4 refers to (指的是)
.
A.
sharing your ideas
B.
talking before many people
C.
studying better at school
D.
developing new friendship
7. Some kids need help from teachers to make friends because
.
A.
they miss their old friends a lot
B.
they have no time to stay with others
C.
teachers know who wants a new friend
D.
they are shy or not good at making friends
8. The expression "feeling left out" means "
" in Chinese.
A.
受冷落
B.
被调侃
C.
挨批评
D.
遭攻击
C
Friends are important to the children. Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer
from difficulties later in life. Friendship provides children with more than just fun. In making friends,
children learn how to get in touch with the others and solve problems. Having friends even does good to
children's study for they can help each other during the class.
If the parents care about their children whether they made many friends, what matters is that the child
is comfortable and happy with his friends. Parents need to understand the steps children take in building
friendships. First of all, be a friend to your child. Good friendships start at home. Children begin to develop
the necessary ability to go out and meet others through getting with their parents. Greet the child warmly
and let him know you are glad to see him. Children learn a lot from how their parents stay with them and
other people.
Teach children how to solve conflicts(争端). Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in
getting along with others. If parents know the children have a conflict, let them work it out on their own.
Only step in if it is really necessary, for example, an argument is getting physical.
Give children chances to practice staying together. Have children play games that require team work
and group problem solving skills. For example, races are fun and provide plenty of practice in teamwork.
"In what ways didn't you work well together? What might you do differently next time?" For these ideas,
see books such as Games Book by Terry Orlick, Energizers by Carol Apacki, and Team-Building Activities
for Every Group by Alanna Jones.
Encourage children to show thanks to the others. The parents can encourage children to do this by
setting the example for them.
9. According to the article, if one child has no friend, he will
.
A.
have some troubles in the future
B.
worry about everything in the future
C.
not know the importance of making friends
D.
not find anybody to help him
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10. Friendship can be helpful to the children EXCEPT
.
A.
providing a lot of fun
B.
getting in touch with others
C.
solving the problems
D.
helping to trick in the exams
11. The writer's purpose of writing the article is to
.
A.
tell what parents should do to help the children make friends
B.
show friends even does good to children's study during the class
C.
tell the parents need to understand the steps of children's friendship
D.
show how important the friendship is to the children
12. When the children disagree with each other, the parents should
.
A.
let them fight with each other until they find who is the winner
B.
do nothing to the children and believe in their abilities
C.
let them work it out by themselves and help if necessary
D.
talk with them and try to find good ways to stay together
D（湖北孝感市孝南区2015 年5 月联考）
"How are you?" is a nice question. It's a friendly way that people in the USA greet each other. But
"How are you?" is also a very unusual question. It's a question that often doesn't need an answer. The
person who asks "How are you?" hopes to hear the answer "Fine", even if the person's friend isn't fine. The
reason is that "How are you?" isn't really a question and "Fine" isn't really an answer. They are simply other
ways of saying "Hello" or "Hi".
Sometimes, people don't say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks "Do you
agree?", the other person might think, "No, I disagree. I think you're wrong..."But it isn't very polite to
disagree so strongly, so the other person might say "I'm not sure." It's a nicer way to say that you
don't agree with someone.
People don't say exactly what they are thinking when they want to finish talking with other people. For
example, many talks over the phone finish when one person says "I've to go now."Often, the person who
wants to hang up gives an excuse:"Someone's at the door.""Something is burning on the stove."The excuses
might be real, or not. Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn't want to talk any more, but it
isn't polite to say that. The excuse is more polite, and it doesn't hurt the other person.
Whether they are greeting each other, talking about an idea, or finishing a talk, people don't say
exactly what they are thinking. It's an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and it's part of
the game of language.
13. When a person in America asks "How are you?", he or she wants to hear" ____ "
A．How are you?
B．Hello.
C．I don't know.
D．Fine.
14. When a person disagrees with someone, it is polite to say"_________ "
A．You are wrong. I disagree.
B．I'm not sure.
C．I'm sure I disagree.
D．I don’t agree with you.
15. A polite way to finish a talk is to say"__________"
A．You have to go now.
B．I want to hang up.
C．I have to go now.
D．I don't want to talk any more.
16. When a person says "I've got to go now. Someone's at the door.", the
person may be_______.
A．giving an excuse
B．hurting someone's feelings
C．talking to a person at the door
D．going to another place
17. The rule of the game of language is probably____________ .
A．"Always say what you mean"
B．"Don't disagree with people."
C．"Never say exactly what you're thinking."
D．"Be polite."
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