Unit2 Morals and Virtues
词汇
1．marriage n．结婚；婚姻→marry vt.(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶→married adj.结婚的;已婚的→unmarried adj.未婚的
2．majority n．大部分；大多数→major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n．主修课程→minority n. 少数 →minor adj. 次要的 vi.
辅修n. (law) 未成年人；辅修课目
3．complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；投诉
4．respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→response n．反应；回答；回复
5．scholarship n．奖学金→scholar n．学者
6．reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejection n．拒绝接受；否决
7．appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n．约会；任命；委任→appointed adj.约定的；指定的
8．elect vt.选举；推选→election n．选举；推选；当选
9．scared adj.对…感到惊慌或恐惧的→scare vt.惊吓vi.受惊吓n. 恐惧，惊吓→scary adj.令人恐惧的
10．energetic adj.精力充沛的→energy n．精力；活力；能量
11．accident n．事故；车祸；失事→accidental adj.意外的；偶然的→accidentally adv.偶然地
12．operation n．手术；企业；经营→operate vt.& vi.做手术； 经营；运转→operator n.话务员；操作员；经营者
13．assist vt.帮助；援助→assistant n．助理；助手adj. 副的→assistance n．帮助；援助
14．harm n．& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmfully adv.有害地→harmless adj.无害的
15. tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于→tendency n．趋势；趋向
16. retire vt.& vi.退休；退职；退出→retirement n．退休→retired adj.退休的
17. saving n．节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款→save vt.救；节省；储蓄
18. sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→sharply adv.急剧地；严厉地→sharpen vt.削尖；磨快；使提高
→sharpener n. 磨具，削具
19. replace vt.接替；取代；更换→replacement n．更换；更替；替换的人/物
20. memory n．记忆力；回忆→memoriz(s)e vt.记住；记忆→memorial n. 纪念碑，纪念品adj 纪念的，悼念的
21. flexible adj.灵活的；可变通的→flexibly adv.灵活地→flexibility n．灵活性→inflexible adj.不灵活的
22. tension n．紧张关系；紧张；焦虑→tense adj.紧张的；担心的；令人紧张的
23. union n.协会，工会→reunion n.重逢，团聚→unite v.联合，联手
24. physics n.物理→physician n.医生→physical adj.身体的，物理的→physically adv. 身体方面的
25. pregnancy n.怀孕，妊娠→pregnant adj. 怀孕，妊娠
26. tear n.眼泪→tear v.拙破，撕开→tore（过去式）→torn（过去分词）
短语
1. social morals社会公德
2. be in a dilemma处于进退两难的境地
3. faint from hunger饿昏过去
4. faint chance很小的机会
5. to illustrate my point为了说明我的观点
6. illustrate sth. with sth用…来说明…7. be precious to sb对某人来说很珍贵
8. entrust sb. with sth.=entrust sth. to sb.把某事委托给某人
9. marry sb与某人结婚
10. be married to与.....结婚
11. the majority of 大多数
12. complain to sb. about...就某事向某人投诉
13. make a complaint to sb. about sth. 就某事向某人投诉
14. respond to... 回应…，对…做出反应
15. in response to... 作为对…的答复
16. hire sth. out 出租某物
17. for/on hire 供出租
18. impress sb. with sth. 某物给某人留下深刻印象
19. be impressed by/with 被…打动，对…印象深刻
20. impress sth. on/upon sb. =impress on/upon sb. sth.使某人意识到某事
21. leave/make a(n)...impression on sb. 给某人留下…印象
22. appoint sb. as/to be+职务
23. appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
24. make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会
25. at the appointed time在约定的时间
26. charge sb. some money for sth. 因某事向某人收费
27. charge sb. with doing sth. 指控某人做了…
28. take charge of = in charge of 负责，掌管
29. in the charge of = in one’s charge 被…掌管，被…负责
30. tend to do 易于做…，往往会做…
31. have a tendency to do sth. 有做……的倾向
32. deliver sth. to sb. 把某物交付给某人
33. be scared to death 吓得要死
34. be scared of doing sth./ to do sth.害怕做某事
35. replace A with/by B 用B替代A
36. take the place of = take one’s place
37. in operation 在工作中，有效，在使用中；
38. put...into operation 实施，使……运转；
39. operate on sb. 给某人动手术
40. whisper to sb. 与某人耳语41. in a whisper/ in whispers 低声地
42. assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
43. assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
44. assist sb. in (doing) sth. 帮助某人做某事
45. with the assistance of 在。。。帮助下
46. disguise oneself as 伪装成，假扮成
47. in disguise 伪装(的)，假扮(的)
48. take/have responsibility for doing sth. 承担做某事的责任
49. It’s one’s responsibility to do sth. 某人有责任做某事
50. do harm to sb. = do sb. harm 伤害某人
51. cause harm to sb. = cause sb. harm 伤害某人
52. be harmful to... 对……有害
53. a great deal of 用作量词，大量的，非常多的；
54. succeed in doing sth. =manage to do sth. 成功做了某事
55. succeed sb. as/ to be... 接替某人成为……
56. carry sb. through sth. 帮助或使得某人勇闯难关、战胜病魔等；
57. in memory of 为了纪念……
58. pick up 捡起
59. in despair 处于绝望中
60. come across （偶然）遇见，碰见；被理解，被弄懂；
61. elect to do sth. 选择/决定做某事
62. elect sb. as+职务 选举某人为…
63. retire from从…退休
64. resign from从…辞职
65. Student Union学生会
句式what引导的名词性从句
in which在句中引导定语从句
If引导的虚拟语气
1.To a person nothing is more precious than their life...
2.She responded，“I’d rather stay single to study all my life!”
3.She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of
the PUMC Hospital.
4.At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
5.Though Lin Qiaozhi never married，she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered
over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.
教材话题题型综合训练
词性转换（一）
1．marry vt.（和某人）结婚；嫁；娶→ n. 结婚；婚姻
2．major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n. 主修课程→ n. 大部分；大多数
3．respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→ n. 反应；回答；回复
4．reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用→ n. 拒绝接受；否决
5．sharp adj.（增长、下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；明显的→ adv.急剧地；严厉地→ vt.削
尖；磨快；使提高
6．harm n. &vt.伤害；损害→ adj.有害的→ adj.无害的；不致伤害的
7．save vt.储蓄；攒钱→ n. 节省物；节省；节约；（pl.）储蓄金；存款
8．retire vi.&vt. 退休；退职；退出→ n. 退休→ adj. 退休的
9．elect vt. 选举；推选→ n. 选举；推选；当选
【答案】1．marriage 2．majority 3．response 4．rejection 5． sharply sharpen
6． harmful harmless 7．saving 8． retirement retired 9．election
词性转换（二）
10．illustrate vt.(举例) 说明;阐明;给(书或文章) 加插图→ n.说明;插图;例证→ adj.有
插图的
11．entrust vt.委托;交付→ n.信任;信赖
12．marriage n.结婚;婚姻→ vt.嫁;娶;与……结婚→ adj.已婚的;有配偶的;婚姻的
13．majority n.大部分;大多数→ adj. 主要的;重要的
14．complain vi.& vt.抱怨;发牢骚→ n.抱怨;诉苦15．respond vt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应→ n.反应;回答;回复
16．scholarship n.奖学金→ n.学者;奖学金获得者
17．physician n.医师;(尤指)内科医生→ adj.物理的;身体的→ adv.身体上;肉体上
18．reject vt.拒绝接受;不录用→ n.拒绝接受;否决→ adj.被拒的;不合格的
19．appoint vt.任命;委派→ n.任命;约定;任命的职位→ adj.约定的,指定的
【答案】
10． illustration illustrated 11．trust 12． marry married 13．major 14．
complaint 15．response 16．scholar 17． physical physically 18． rejection
rejected 19． appointment appointed
词性转换（三）
20．desire n. → adj. 值得拥有的，可取的
21．admit vi & vt→ n. 承认，允许进入；入场费
22．benefit n.→ adj. 有益的
23．professional adj. → n. 专业，职业→ n. 教授
24．injury n.→ vt. 损害，伤害→ adj.受伤的
25．various adj. → n. 多样化；种类→ v.使变化，变化
26．intend vt. → n. 目的，意图，打算→ adj. 故意的，有意的
27．strong adj.→ vt. & vi. 使强健→ n.力气，强项
28．concern n. & vt.→ adj.关切的，关心的→ prep.关于
29．basis n.→ vt. 以……为基础→ adj.基本的
30．energy_n. → vt. 使充满活力；使增强决心→ adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力
的
31．fortune n. → adj. 幸运的→ adv. 幸运地→ adj. 不幸的，倒
霉的→ adv. 不幸地
32．prevent vt. → n. 预防；防范→ adj. 可预防的
33．satisfaction n.→ vt. 使满意→ adj. 感到满意的→ adj. 令人满意的
34．announcement n.→ vt. 宣布，通告→ n. 广播员，节目主持人
【答案】
20．desirable 21．admission 22．beneficial 23． profession professor 24．
injure injured 25． variety vary 26． intention intentional 27．
strengthen strength 28． concerned concerning 29． base basic 30．energize energetic 31． fortunate fortunately unfortunate unfortunately 32．
prevention preventable 33． satisfy satisfied satisfactory 34． announce
announcer
完成句子
35．To a person (没有什么比……更加珍贵) their life.
【答案】nothing is more precious than
【详解】考查比较级。句意：对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更珍贵。此处为否定词+比较级相当
于最高级含义；表示“没有什么”用nothing；表示“比……更加珍贵”短语为be more precious than，陈述
事实用一般现在时，主语是nothing，be动词使用is。故填nothing is more precious than。
36．The Amazon rainforest fixes carbon and produces more than one fifth of all the earth’s oxygen,
(为……输入活力) the planet.
【答案】breathing life into
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：亚马逊雨林固定了碳，产生了地球上超过五分之一的氧气，为地球呼吸
生命。根据汉语提示，表示“为……输入活力”用breathe life to；句中fixes和produces为谓语动词，构成
并列结构，用and连接，设空处使用非谓语动词，the Amazon rainforest与breathe之间是主动关系，故使用
现在分词作状语。故填breathing life into。
37．He spoke at the meeting (代表员工) of the company.
【答案】on behalf of the staff
【详解】考查介词短语及名词。句意：他代表公司全体员工在会上发言。表示“代表”用on behalf of，表
示“员工”用the staff。介词短语在句子中作状语。故填on behalf of the staff。
38．More people tend to celebrate Christmas, with business (利用) the
occasions.
【答案】 taking advantage of
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：越来越多的人倾向于庆祝圣诞节，商家也趁此机会加以利用。根据汉语提
示可知，空处需要动词短语take advantage of“利用”。该动词短语在句中作宾语补足语，和宾语business
之间存在主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补。故填①taking②advantage③of。
39．“The bread is for grandmother,” cried Heidi (绝望地).
【答案】 in despair/desperation
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：海蒂绝望地哭喊着“面包是给奶奶的”。空白处在句中做状语，应使用介
词短语，根据汉语提示，表示“绝望地”含义的介词短语为：in despair或in desperation，故填in；
despair/desperation。40．George, (有点被摄像机惊吓到), waved dutifully at the adoring crowds. (非谓
语动词作状语)
【答案】looking slightly alarmed by all the cameras
【详解】考查形容词、副词、名词和非谓语动词。句意：乔治有点被摄像机惊吓到，但仍保持礼貌地向爱
慕的群众挥手。“被吓到”可用感官动词look和形容词alarmed搭配，“有点”可用副词slightly，“被摄
像机”可用介词by和名词短语all the cameras搭配，因look和逻辑主语George是主动关系，应用现在分词
形式状语。故填looking slightly alarmed by all the cameras。
41．After visiting the exhibition (作为对……的纪念) Lei Feng, I was deeply
encouraged by his deeds.
【答案】 in memory of
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：在参观了纪念雷锋同志的展览之后，我被他的事迹深深鼓舞。“作为
对……的纪念”，表达为介词短语是“in memory of”。故答案为in memory of。
42． (浏览他们的留言), I felt a wave of warmth surging through my body.(使用分词作状语)
【答案】Browsing their messages
【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意：浏览他们的留言，我感到一股暖流涌上全身。根据汉语意思提示
以及句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，表示“浏览”的动词browse和逻辑主语I为主动关系，所
以为现在分词形式，表示“他们的留言”为名词their messages。故填Browsing their messages。
43．The poet describes the scene (用完整统一的意象), comparing gray hair to autumn frost.
【答案】using integrated image
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：诗人把白发比作秋霜，用完整统一的意象来描写这一情景。表示“使
用”应用use，此处为非谓语动词作状语，the poet和use为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词作状语；表示
“完整统一的”应用形容词integrated；表示“意象”应用image。故填using integrated image。
44．I (结果) spending the entire journey from the Spanish border to Lisbon, (躺在地上), with
my head about 2 inches from a smelly toilet.
【答案】 ended up lying on the floor
【详解】
考查动词（短语）、介词短语和非谓语动词。句意：最后，从西班牙边境到里斯本的整个旅程中，我都躺
在地板上，头离臭马桶只有两英寸远。第一空表示“结果”，应用动词短语 end up，根据语境可知为一般
过去时；第二空表示“躺在地上”，应用动词短语lie on the floor，是非谓语动词，与I逻辑上是主动关系，
故用现在分词作状语。故填①ended up；②lying on the floor。阅读理解
Sia Godika was 13 when she noticed the barefoot children of construction workers at a building site near her
house in Bangalore, India. “Their feet were bare, dirty, cracked and bleeding,” reflects Sia, “They were just walking
around that building site like it was an everyday practice for them.” And it was in that moment that Sia realized
how lucky she herself was.
She went back home and opened her closet doors, seeing shoes piled up high. She headed to her mother’s
closet next, literally dusting off spiderwebs from some shoes. Then she rushed to give them all away to the
barefoot children.
Later that year, with the help of her parents, Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity organization devoted to
providing footwear for those in need, as is clearly shown by its motto: “Donate a sole ( 鞋底), save a soul.”
Telephone calls from people who wanted to help came flooding in. For months, Sia stayed up till 2 a. m, contacting
people and dealing with related affairs. Now in its fifth year, the organization collects used footwear, repairs it and
donates the finished products to people in need. In its first campaign, Sole Warriors gave out 700 pairs of shoes.
Today that number stands at around 28, 000, thanks to the hard work of a team of about 80 volunteers.
But the oragnisation’s growth wasn’t without its challenges. When Sia was trying to find a company which
was willing to repair and clean up the worn-out shoes free of charge, she faced one difficulty after another before
finding a partner in India’s Pressto Cobbler. “Being a 13-year-old, I did face a lot of bias (偏见) because at my age,
people were less willing to hear me out,” says Sia.
In recognition of her impact, in 2021 Sia was given the Diana Award, one of the greatest honours a young
person can receive for social work. But her work isn’t done. “Our goal has always been to touch a million feet,”
she says.
45．What does the underlined part indicate?
A．Sia’s parents cared for others very much.
B．Actually spiderwebs covered some shoes.
C．Her mother’s closet was covered with dust.
D．The shoes hadn’t been worn for a long time.
46．Why did Sia set up Sole Warriors?
A．To provide free shoes for those in need.
B．To improve her problem-solving ability.
C．To encourage people to buy only what they need.
D．To win the Diana Award for social contributions.47．What challenge did Sia face in running the organization?
A．Few people would donate shoes.
B．The running costs were too high.
C．Communicating ability prevented her.
D．She had difficulty finding a cooperator.
48．Which can serve as the best title for the text?
A．Clothes do not make the man. B．Walk in someone else’s shoes.
C．Learn to walk before you run. D．Life without difficulties is too dull.
【答案】45．D 46．A 47．D 48．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Sia Godika在13岁时注意到建筑工地上的赤脚儿童，她意识到自
己的幸运，并决定将自己和母亲的鞋子捐给这些儿童。后来，她在父母的帮助下创立了Sole Warriors，这
是一个致力于为有需要的人提供鞋子的慈善组织。
45．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She went back home and opened her closet doors, seeing shoes piled up
high.”（她回到家，打开衣柜门，看到鞋子堆得很高。）以及“literally dusting off spiderwebs from some
shoes”（从一些鞋子上真正地擦掉蜘蛛网）可推知，这些鞋子已经很长时间没有被穿过了。故选D。
46．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity organization devoted to providing
footwear for those in need”（Sia创立了Sole Warriors，这是一个致力于为有需要的人提供鞋子的慈善组织）
可推知，Sia设立Sole Warriors的目的是为有需要的人提供免费的鞋子。故选A。
47．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“When Sia was trying to find a company which was willing to repair and
clean up the worn-out shoes free of charge, she faced one difficulty after another before finding a partner in India’s
Pressto Cobbler.”（当Sia试图寻找一家愿意免费修理和清理旧鞋的公司时，她遇到了一个又一个困难，直
到找到了印度的Pressto Cobbler合作伙伴。）可推知，Sia在运营组织时面临的挑战是找到合作伙伴。故选
D。
48．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第三段“Later that year, with the help of her parents, Sia founded Sole
Warriors, a charity organization devoted to providing footwear for those in need, as is clearly shown by its motto:
“Donate a sole (鞋底), save a soul.””（那年晚些时候，在父母和社区志愿者的帮助下，西娅成立了Sole
Warriors，这是一家致力于为有需要的人提供鞋子的慈善机构，其座右铭是：“捐赠一个鞋底，拯救一个
灵魂。”）可知，文章主要讲的是主人公西娅在她家附近的一个建筑工地注意到建筑工人的孩子光着脚并
且流血，于是在父母和社区志愿者的帮助下，成立了Sole Warriors，这是一家致力于为有需要的人提供鞋
子的慈善机构的故事。由此可知，文章最好的标题是“设身处地为别人着想”。故选B。
七选五If you’re looking for meaningful yet easy ways to volunteer from home, then you’ll love this list of
opportunities for remote volunteers. 49 , there are also ways to make a difference without leaving home.
Below is a list of virtual volunteer opportunities that allow you to have a positive impact while sitting on your
couch.
50 . NRDC is on a mission to protect the earth, and you can help them through virtual volunteering
by joining their Activist Network, which is linked on this page along with current online opportunities. Some
sample actions might be contacting congress, opposing bills that are harmful to the environment, and sharing
important messages on social media.
Use your voice to protect the earth. Friends of the Earth is committed to changing economic and political
policies and systems that lead to injustice and that harm nature. 51 , you can tell congress to save the bees
and contact food companies to demand natural ingredients. Friends of the Earth makes it easy to add your voice to a
cause, too, as each campaign features a form with a built-in message that you can edit if you’d like and send with
one click.
Virtually mentor high school kids. iCloudBe’s mission is -to empower at-risk middle and high school
students to stay in school and reach their goals with the help of an online community of mentors. 52 ,
which entails mentoring a student and helping them prepare for their dream career for one hour per week during the
school year.
Scan & proofread books to make reading accessible to all. Bookshare, an e-book library devoted to
making reading easier for all, is always on the lookout for remote volunteers to scan and proofread books for their
collection. 53 .
A．Send a care package to a solider
B．You’ll be able to see the wish list before signing up.
C．Add your voice to the meaningful volunteer work of climate change fighters
D．When you check this page for easy ways to volunteer by taking simple actions
E．You can take part in meaningful volunteer work online by becoming an eMentor
F．While offering time to in-person and volunteer abroad projects can be worthwhile.
G．Their library features books that are customizable for people with reading disabilities.
【答案】49．F 50．C 51．D 52．E 53．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在家做志愿者服务。
49．根据上文“If you’re looking for meaningful yet easy ways to volunteer from home, then you’ll love this list
of opportunities for remote volunteers.(如果你正在寻找有意义又简单的方式在家做志愿者，那么你会喜欢这个远程志愿者的机会列表。)”可知，文章的重点是介绍在家就可以进行的远程志愿活动。F项：While
offering time to in-person and volunteer abroad projects can be worthwhile.(虽然提供时间亲自走出家门做志愿
者是值得的。)正好引出了下文对远程志愿活动的介绍，符合语境，与下文“there are also ways to make a
difference without leaving home. ”（还有一些方法可以在足不出户的情况下有所作为）构成让步转折关系，
故选F。
50．根据下文“NRDC is on a mission to protect the earth, and you can help them through virtual volunteering by
joining their Activist Network, which is linked on this page along with current online opportunities.(自然资源保护
委员会的使命是保护地球，你可以通过虚拟志愿服务加入他们的活动家网络来帮助他们，该网络与当前的
在线机会链接在这个页面上。)”可知，本段提到了NRDC（自然资源保护委员会）的使命是保护地球，你
可以通过加入他们的行动者网络来帮助他们，进行在线的志愿活动。C项：Add your voice to the meaningful
volunteer work of climate change fighters.(加入到气候变化斗士们有意义的志愿工作中。)与NRDC的环保使
命和在线志愿活动相契合，符合语境。故选C。
51．根据下文“you can tell congress to save the bees and contact food companies to demand natural ingredients.
Friends of the Earth makes it easy to add your voice to a cause, too, as each campaign features a form with a built-
in message that you can edit if you’d like and send with one click.( 你可以告诉国会拯救蜜蜂，联系食品公司要
求使用天然原料。“地球之友”也让你很容易为某项事业发声，因为每个活动都有一个内置信息的表单，
如果你愿意，你可以编辑它，一键发送。)”可知，查找并采取简单行动进行志愿服务。D项：When you
check this page for easy ways to volunteer by taking simple actions.(当你浏览这个页面，寻找简单的方法来做
志愿者。)符合语境。故选D。
52．根据上文“iCloudBe’s mission is -to empower at-risk middle and high school students to stay in school and
reach their goals with the help of an online community of mentors.(iCloudBe的使命是帮助有风险的初高中学生
留在学校，并在在线导师社区的帮助下实现他们的目标。)”可知，本段提到了iCloudBe的使命，即授权有
风险的中学生和高中生通过在线导师社区的帮助留在学校并实现他们的目标。E项：You can take part in
meaningful volunteer work online by becoming an eMentor.(你可以通过成为一名在线导师来参加有意义的在
线志愿者工作。)与iCloudBe的使命和在线导师的角色相符，符合语境。故选E。
53．根据上文“Bookshare, an e-book library devoted to making reading easier for all, is always on the lookout
for remote volunteers to scan and proofread books for their collection.(Bookshare是一家致力于让所有人都能更
轻松地阅读的电子图书馆，它一直在寻找远程志愿者，为其藏书扫描和校对书籍。)”可知，上文提到了一
个电子图书馆，空处承接上文，对图书馆进行进一步介绍。G项：Their library features books that are
customizable for people with reading disabilities.(他们图书馆的特色书籍是为有阅读障碍的人定制的。)符合语境。故选G。
完形填空
Recently, I volunteered with Interact, my school’s service group at Read 2 Me, an activity that gives
volunteers the opportunity to read to little kids and interact with them.
I walked with other 54 into a large room with a large variety of books. When it was time for the
activity to start, a burst of 55 was heard. The doors opened, and the children 56 , beginning to
look for a reading buddy (伙伴). They all looked so eager to read. I was sitting there, 57 and glancing at
the books that I had picked out for the lucky kid I would 58 them to.
Just then, a boy about six years old began to come my way. It was Max. I let him search for a book of his
59 . Max chose an adventure story of a little girl with her 60 . “Can you tell me why you want this
book?” I asked. “I like adventure stories and I like dogs,” he answered. I was 61 with his answer, and
started to read to him. The story was so 62 that Max listened with great 63 , totally lost in
64 was described in the story. He thanked me when I finished reading.
Then came the after-reading 65 in which we interacted with each other. “I wish I were the dog.
Then I could go on a(n) 66 ,” said Max. I laughed and 67 him to come up with some different
endings of the story.
A book 68 a door to a whole new world. That day, I helped Max open one, and I’m convinced that
he will be able to open many more for himself in the future.
54．A．volunteers B．kids C．friends D．teachers
55．A．anger B．voices C．whispers D．laughter
56．A．walked away B．sped up C．rushed in D．wandered off
57．A．singing B．dancing C．laughing D．waiting
58．A．read B．lend C．write D．recite
59．A．choice B．way C．size D．kind
60．A．book B．dog C．cat D．toy
61．A．surprised B．delighted C．puzzled D．bored
62．A．ideal B．easy C．attractive D．inspiring
63．A．contribution B．progress C．interest D．achievement
64．A．that B．which C．how D．what
65．A．prediction B．argument C．arrangements D．activities
66．A．adventure B．experience C．picnic D．outing67．A．persuaded B．encouraged C．forced D．required
68．A．shuts B．pushes C．opens D．answers
【答案】
54．A 55．B 56．C 57．D 58．A 59．A 60．B 61．B 62．C 63．C
64．D 65．D 66．A 67．B 68．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在学校的服务组“Read 2 Me”担任志愿者，这是一个让志
愿者有机会为小孩子朗读并与他们互动的活动，一个大约六岁的男孩麦克斯开始向作者走来，作者知道自
己找到了阅读伙伴，作者看了看他选的那本书，它讲述了一个小女孩和她的狗的冒险故事，似乎读给他听
会很不错。作者体悟到阅读为孩子们打开了全新的世界。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和其他志愿者走进一个大房间，里面放着各种各样的书。A. volunteers
志愿者；B. kids孩子；C. friends朋友；D. teachers老师。根据上文的“Read 2 Me, an activity that gives
volunteers the opportunity to read to little kids and interact with them”可知，这是一个让志愿者有机会为小孩子
朗读并与他们互动的活动，因此“我”是和其他志愿者一起参与活动的。故选A项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：活动要开始的时候，突然传来一阵说话声。A. anger愤怒；B. voices声音；
C. whispers耳语；D. laughter笑声。根据下文的“...beginning to look for a reading buddy. They all looked so
eager to read.”可知，孩子们看起来都很渴望读书，因此他们会在讨论选择读伴时发出声音。故选B项。
56．考查动词短语辨析。句意：门开了，孩子们冲了进来，开始寻找一个读书伙伴。A. walked away走开；
B. sped up加速；C. rushed in冲进来；D. wandered off漫步远去。根据下文的“They all looked so eager to
read.”可知，孩子们看起来都很渴望读书，因此他们会迫不及待地冲进来选择读伴。故选C项。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在那里，等待着，瞥了一眼我为那个幸运的孩子挑选的书，我将给他
们读这些书。A. singing唱歌；B. dancing跳舞；C. laughing笑；D. waiting等待。根据本句中的“I was
sitting there”和“glancing at the books that I had picked out ”可知，孩子们进门之前“我”是坐着等待，看着
“我”此前选择的书。故选D项。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在那里，等待着，瞥了一眼我为那个幸运的孩子挑选的书，我将给他
们读这些书。A. read读；B. lend借出；C. write写；D. recite背诵。根据上文的“Read 2 Me, an activity that
gives volunteers the opportunity to read to little kids and interact with them”可知，这是一个让志愿者有机会为
小孩子朗读并与他们互动的活动，因此“我”要读书给孩子听。故选A项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我让他找一本自己选的书。A. choice选择；B. way方式；C. size大小；D.
kind种类。根据下文的“Max chose an adventure story of a little girl with her...”和““I like adventure stories
and I like dogs,” he answered.”可知，“我”让Max自己选择他要读的书，of one’s choice：自己选择的，自愿的。故选A项。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Max选择了一个小女孩和她的狗的冒险故事。A. book书；B. dog狗；C.
cat猫；D. toy玩具。根据下文的““I like adventure stories and I like dogs,” he answered.”可知，Max喜欢狗，
因此选择了小女孩儿与狗的冒险故事。故选B项。
61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对他的回答很高兴，开始给他读书。A. surprised惊讶的；B. delighted
高兴的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. bored无聊的。根据本句中的“started to read to him”可知，“我”开始读给
Max听，可知“我”对Max选择自己喜欢的书感到高兴。故选B项。
62．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个故事很有吸引力，以至于Max饶有兴趣地听着，完全沉浸在故事中。
A. ideal理想的；B. easy容易的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据下文的“I wish I
were the dog. Then I could go on...”可知，Max希望成为故事中的狗，说明故事情节吸引了Max。故选C项。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事很有吸引力，以至于Max饶有兴趣地听着，完全沉浸在故事中。
A. contribution贡献；B. progress进展；C. interest兴趣；D. achievement成就。根据本句中的“The story
was so...”和下文的“I wish I were the dog. Then I could go on...”可知，Max对这个吸引人的故事很感兴趣，
希望成为故事中的狗。故选C项。
64．考查连词词义辨析。句意：这个故事很有吸引力，以至于Max饶有兴趣地听着，完全沉浸在故事中。
A. that那个；B. which哪个；C. how如何；D. what什么。根据本句中的“The story was so...”和下文的“I
wish I were the dog. Then I could go on...”可知，Max对这个吸引人的故事很感兴趣，空格处引导宾语从句，
从句缺少主语，表示事物，指的是“故事中的情节”，则使用what引导宾语从句。故选D项。
65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后是读后感活动，我们互相交流。A. prediction预测；B. argument论点；
C. arrangements安排；D. activities活动。根据本句中的“we interacted with each other.”和下文的“I wish I
were the dog. Then I could go on a...”可知，为Max读书后，进行了交流活动，Max讲述了自己的想法。故选
D项。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我希望我是那条狗。然后我就可以去冒险了，”Max说。A. adventure冒
险；B. experience经验；C. picnic野餐；D. outing出游。根据上文的“Max chose an adventure story of a little
girl with her”可知，Max读的是冒险小说，因此他希望拥有一次冒险经历。故选A项。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我笑着鼓励他想出一些不同的故事结尾。A. persuaded说服；B. encouraged
鼓励；C. forced强迫；D. required要求。根据上文的“I wish I were the dog. Then I could go on...”可知，故
事情节吸引了Max，“我”就此让他展开想象，鼓励他想出不同的故事结局。故选B项。
68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一本书打开了一扇通往全新世界的大门。A. shuts关闭；B. pushes推动；
C. opens打开；D. answers回答。根据下文的“That day, I helped Max open one, and I’m convinced that he willbe able to open many more for himself in the future.”可知，“我”帮Max打开了一扇门去了解这个世界，相
信他以后会有更多的机会。故选C项。
单句语法填空
69．Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend
(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
【答案】to catch
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管任何级别都存在各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于
其庞大的规模和多样性，往往会引起我们的注意。设空处是主句谓语，固定搭配：tend to do sth，表示
“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。
70．As the first (commerce) magnetic-levitation train in the world, it connects Shanghai’s Pudong
International Airport with the Shanghai subway system, (travel) a distance of 30 kilometers in 8
minutes.
【答案】 commercial travelling/traveling
【详解】考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意：作为世界上第一列商用磁悬浮列车，它将上海浦东国际机场与
上海地铁系统连接起来，在8分钟内行驶30公里。第一个空格：修饰名词train应用形容词，需要的词义
为“商业的”，为commercial，则填commercial；第二个空格：句中it指代train，travel与逻辑主语之间为
主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语，则填travelling或traveling。故填①commercial ②travelling或
traveling。
71． (cover) an area of 3.6 square kilometers, Huangyao boasts typical karst landscapes and abundant
water resources.
【答案】Covering
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：黄姚镇占地3.6平方公里，拥有典型的喀斯特地貌和丰富的水资源。分
析句子结构可知，句子主语Huangyao与cover之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，空格位于句首，
故填Covering。
72．The show’s emphasis on authenticity and (competitive) ensures an experience that is both
immersive and engaging, (reshape) conventional perceptions of music competitions.
【答案】 competitiveness reshaping
【详解】考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：该节目强调真实性和竞争力，确保了一种既身临其境又引人入胜
的体验，重塑了人们对音乐比赛的传统看法。第一个空：空处与authenticity 并列，应填名词，需要的词
义为“竞争性”，为competitiveness，它是不可数名词，则填competitiveness；第二个空：本句已有谓语动
词ensures，reshape和主语show之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，则填reshaping。故填①competitiveness ②reshaping。
73．Over time, the number of beads increased, (lead) to the seven-bead abacus from its five-bead
predecessor to adapt to the hexadecimal system.
【答案】leading
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，珠子的数量增加，导致七珠算盘从原来的五珠算盘适
应了十六进制。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用lead的现
在分词形式。故填leading。
74．The single biggest firework shell ever shot was part of a 2020 winter-carnival display in Colorado, US.
(weigh) 1268 kilograms, it rose more than a kilometre into the sky bursting, turning the night sky red.
【答案】 Weighing before
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它重达1268公斤，升到空中一公里多后爆炸，使夜空变成红色。本
句的谓语是rose，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语it和weigh之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词作
状语。故填Weighing。
2. 考查介词。句意：它重达1268公斤，升到空中一公里多后爆炸，使夜空变成红色。参考上题。“it rose
more than a kilometre into the sky”发生在“bursting”之前，所以应用介词before(在……之前)。故填before。
75．Children (grow) up in cities have fewer opportunities to wander in green fields.
【答案】growing
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：在城市长大的孩子很少有机会在绿色的田野里漫步。动词grow意为“成
长”，和谓语之间没有连词，和主语构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填growing。
76．This evening, I’ll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, new book The New Age of Invention has
just been published.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：今晚，我将与Dr Richard Fairhurst交谈，他的新书《发明的新时代》刚刚
出版。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Dr Richard Fairhurst。先行词在定语从句中作定语，所以
用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。
77．Now my dad and I go rock climbing together (month)! It has enhanced the quality of my life,
improving my health and (increase) my happiness.
【答案】 monthly increasing
【详解】考查副词和非谓语动词。句意：现在我和爸爸每月一起去攀岩!它提高了我的生活质量，改善了我
的健康，增加了我的快乐。第1空处提示词month作时间状语，用副词monthly，意为“每个月，每月一
次”；第2空处提示词increase与现在分词improving是并列关系，也用现在分词形式作伴随状语，与其逻辑主语It之间是主动关系。故填monthly；increasing。
78．He smiled, (imply) that he had already known the good news.
【答案】implying
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：他微笑着，表明他已经知道这个好消息了。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，
前面句子和imply为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作状语。故填implying。
79．She heard someone (knock) at the door.
【答案】knocking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她听到有人敲门。本句谓语为heard，此处为非谓语动词，hear sb. doing
sth.“听到某人正在做某事”，本空用knock“敲”的现在分词，作宾补。故填knocking。
80．When the moon had risen, we lay on the grass, listening to the wind (whisper) in the trees.
【答案】whispering
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当月亮已经升起，我们躺在草地上，倾听风在树上低语。设空处作宾语
补足语，名词wind与动词whisper是主动关系，且表示动作正在进行，应用现在分词作宾补。故填
whispering。
81．She said the gig economy provides an important way for people to improve their incomes, and for
seniors, the disabled or those with other difficulties, gig work provides less pressure than full-time employment.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：她说，零工经济为人们提供了提高收入的重要途径，对于老年人、
残疾人或其他有困难的人来说，零工的压力比全职工作要小。根据She said the gig economy provides an
important way for people to improve their incomes, and可知，空处引导said的第二个宾语从句，从句for
seniors, the disabled or those with other difficulties, gig work provides less pressure than full-time employment中
不缺少成分，不缺少意思，用连接词that，引导的第二个宾语从句的that一般不可省略。故填that。
82．The sourness of a moment earlier was gone, a warmth and gratitude (replace) it.
【答案】replacing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：之前的酸楚感消失了，取而代之的是一种温暖和感激之情。空处为需要
非谓语动词，和前面的“a warmth and gratitude”构成独立主格结构，在句中作状语。该动词和其逻辑主语
之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词表示主动。故填replacing。
83． (go) back to Walter Scott’s lines, we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in
advance.
【答案】Going
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：回顾沃尔特·司各特的诗句，我们可能会发现即使是善意的谎言也有可能产生我们无法提前预知的后果。空处需要非谓动词作状语。go和其逻辑主语we之间为主动关系，所以用
现在分词作状语。故填Going。
语篇填空
On Sept. 7, famous Chinese archaeologist Fan Jinshi, 85, 84 (award) by UNESCO for her
contribution to the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang.
85 (call) the “daughter of Dunhuang”, she started her story with the cave 60 years ago. In 1963,
Fan, then a 25-year-old Peking University graduate, had the chance to work at the Mogao Caves, a place 86
had long been on her list of sites to explore. Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost 87
(complete) cut off from the world. Fan and her coworkers stayed inside the caves to do research, copy murals (壁
画), and do 88 they could to protect and restore them. As time passed, Fan found a serious problem.
89 number of tourists visiting Dunhuang was increasing, which might harm the caves, 90
(cause) the murals inside to fade. In the late 1980s, Fan learnt about computer technology 91 chance.
She realized that this might preserve the Mogao Caves forever.
After over 30 years of 92 (explore), the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect
cultural relics there, allowing Dunhuang’s art to live forever 93 to step out of the caves to meet the
world.
【答案】
84．was awarded 85．Called 86．that/which 87．completely 88．what/whatever 89．The
90．causing 91．by 92．exploration 93．and
【导语】本文为一则新闻报道。9月7日，联合国教科文组织授予85岁的中国著名考古学家樊锦诗荣誉称
号，以表彰她为保护敦煌莫高窟所做的贡献。
84．考查谓语动词的时态、语态。句意：9月7日，联合国教科文组织授予85岁的中国著名考古学家樊进
石荣誉称号，以表彰她为保护敦煌莫高窟所做的贡献。award作动词意为“颁发、授予”，樊锦诗在九月
七日被授予表彰，九月七日为具体过去时间，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。主语“樊锦诗”为单数，故
填was rewarded。
85．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“敦煌之女”的她，从60年前的洞穴开始了她的故事。此处call与
she构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Called。
86．考查定语从句。句意：1963年，25岁的北京大学毕业生樊有机会在莫高窟工作，这个地方一直是她想
去探索的地方。定语从句修饰的是先行词a place。从句中缺主语，因此用that/which指代先行词充当从句
主语成分。故填that/which。87．考查副词。句意：那时候，莫高窟几乎与外界完全隔绝。修饰动词短语were cut off应用副词
completely。故填completely。
88．考查宾语从句。句意：樊和她的同事呆在洞穴里做研究，复制壁画，尽他们所能保护和修复它们。主
句主语为Fan and her coworkers，谓语动词为stayed和do，从句作do的宾语。从句they could（do）为避免
重复省略了do，因此从句缺少宾语。该句意为“做她们能做的事”或“做她们能做的任何事”，因此用
what/whatever来充当从句宾语成分。故填what/whatever。
89．考查冠词。句意：参观敦煌的游客越来越多，这可能会损害洞穴，导致里面的壁画褪色。the number
of表示“……的数量”，首字母大写。故填The。
90．考查非谓语动词。句意：参观敦煌的游客越来越多，这可能会损害洞穴，导致里面的壁画褪色。此处
cause与上文句子构成主动关系，指游客增加这件事情造成内部的壁画褪色，使用现在分词表主动。故填
causing。
91．考查介词。句意：在20世纪80年代末，樊偶然了解了计算机技术。by chance意为“偶然地”。故填
by。
92．考查名词。句意：经过30多年的探索，敦煌研究院建立了一个数字数据库来保护那里的文物，让敦煌
的艺术永世长存，走出洞穴，与世界相遇。前文of为介词，后接名词，因此用exploration，故填
exploration。
93．考查连词。句意：经过30多年的探索，敦煌研究院建立了一个数字数据库来保护那里的文物，让敦煌
的艺术永世长存，走出洞穴，与世界相遇。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and 。
应用文写作
假定你是李华，上周末你们班在当地的助老中心参加了志愿者活动。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分
享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）你所做的工作；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you the voluntary work I did in the local nursing house last weekend.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you the voluntary work I did in the local nursing house last weekend.
On our arrival, we were divided into groups and assigned tasks respectively. For the duration of the event, I
accompanied the seniors for outdoor walks and helped them learn to use electronic devices. Also, I assisted in
organizing recreational activities, such as board games and craft sessions.
Interacting with the elderly was incredibly rewarding. These activities not only allowed them to feel cared
for and warm, but also gave me an opportunity to experience the joy of helping others and contributing to society.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件，分享上周末班级在当地的助
老中心参加的志愿者活动的经历。内容包括：你所做的工作和你的感想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
陪伴：accompany→keep ... company
帮助：assist→help
允许：allow→permit
机会：opportunity→chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On our arrival, we were divided into groups and assigned tasks respectively.
拓展句：As soon as we arrived, we were divided into groups and assigned tasks respectively.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Also, I assisted in organizing recreational activities, such as board games and craft
sessions. （运用了动名词短语作宾语）
【高分句型2】Interacting with the elderly was incredibly rewarding.（运用了动名词短语作主语）
