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Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
第1课时 Section A (1a-2d)
1.重点单词的含义及用法:rubbish;fold;sweep;floor;mess
重点词汇
2.重难短语:take out the rubbish;sweep the floor;make the bed;fold the
clothes
1.I’m going to work on the problem now.
2.Could you please help out with a few things?
重点句型
3.Peter, could you please take out the rubbish?
4.And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess.
5.Could I at least finish watching this show?
1.掌握表示家务劳动的短语
技能目标
2.听说结合,能让学生灵活地运用所学知识,增强学生的听说能力
重难单词默写与词性变换
1. 垃圾;废弃物 n. rubbis h
2. 折叠;对折 v. fol d
3. 扫;打扫 adj. swee p →过去式: swep t
4. 地板 n. floo r
5. 杂乱;不整洁 n. mes s
经典短语默写:
1. 倒垃圾 tak e ou t th e rubbis h
2. 扫地 swee p th e floo r
3. 整理床铺 mak e th e be d
4. 叠衣服 fol d th e clothe s
5. 洗餐具 d o th e dishe s6. 打扫起居室 clea n th e livin g room
7. 过来;顺便来访 com e ove r
8. 出去 g o ou t
9. 帮助解决 hel p ou t (with )
10. 从事;创作 wor k ou t
11. 至少 a t leas t
12. 做完某事 finis h doin g sth .
13. 搭便车 ge t a rid e
经典句型过关:
1.彼得,你能把垃圾倒了吗?
Peter, could you please tak e ou t the rubbis h ?
2.而且如果她看到这么乱,她会不高兴的。
And she wo n ’ t b e happy if she see s this mes s .
3.至少等我看完这个节目可以吗?
Could I a t leas t finish watchin g this show?
4.我现在要致力于解决这个问题了。
I’m going to wor k o n the problem now.
5.你能帮忙做几件事情吗?
Could you please hel p ou t wit h a few things?1. Could you please take out the rubbish? 请你去倒一下垃圾好吗?
▲could相关用法
情态动词could构成的句型用于向对方委婉地提出请求或征求对方的许可。用于疑问句中,可代替can,在
时间上与can没有区别,但语气要比can委婉、有礼貌。其答语没有固定的形式,但要符合上下文的语
境。
1.委婉地请求别人做某事
(1)句型:“Could you do…?/Could you please do…?”意为“你能……吗?”或“请问你能……吗?”
(2)对这种提出请求的句子的回答:
①肯定回答:Certainly./Of course./With pleasure./No problem./Yes,sure.
②否定回答:No/Sorry,I can't./Certainly not./No/Sorry,I'm afraid I can't.
例:—Could you please make your bed? 你能整理你的床铺吗?
—Yes,sure.好的,当然可以。
—Could you please clean the living room? 请问你能打扫起居室吗?
—Sorry,I can't. I have to do my homework now.抱歉,我不能。我现在必须做作业。
2.委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事
(1)句型“Could I do…?”意为“我可以做……吗?”
(2)对这种征求许可的句子的回答:
①肯定回答:Yes, you can./Certainly./Yes, sure.
②否定回答:No, you can't./No, I'm afraid you can't.
例:—Could I go to the movies? 我可以去看电影吗?
—Yes,you can.是的,可以。
—Could I go shopping with my friend tomorrow, Mom?妈妈,我明天可以和朋友去逛街吗?
—No, you can't. You should take your piano lessons.不行,你要上钢琴课。
无论是“Could you please…?”还是“Could I…?”句型,其答语中一般都避免使用could来回答。
表示请求、征求许可的其他句型:Will/Would you please do…? 请问你能……吗?
【拓展】
“Could/Would you please do…?”否定句式:Could/Would you please not do sth.? 请你不要做某事好吗?
牛刀小试
1.—Could I use your iPad?
—Yes, you____ .
A.could B.can C.must D.need
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我可以用使用你的iPad?——是的, 你能。A. could能;会;B. can能,会;C. must
必须;D. need需要。对于Could I +动词的原形表示请求允许,做肯定回答用can,不用could。根据题意,
故选B。2.—Could you please do the dishes?
—________. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.
A.Yes, sure B.No problem C.Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t D.That would be fine
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——请你洗碗好吗?——对不起,恐怕不行。我割破了手指,我尽量不弄湿它。
考查情景交际。Yes, sure是的,可以;No problem没问题;Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t对不起,恐怕不行;That
would be fine那太好了。根据答语“I’m trying not to get it wet”可知,我尽量不弄湿我的手指,所以我不能
洗碗,故应对请求表示拒绝。故选C。
3.—Could you please your room, Tom?
—________.
A.cleaning, No problem B.clean, Certainly
C.to clean, Of course D.clean, No I couldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意“——你能打扫一下你的房间吗?——当然”。could为情态动词,后用动词原形,排除A
和C。用could问要用can回答,排除D。故选B。
点睛:对could you please...?句型回答时,肯定回答用Sure/Certainly/Of course等;否定回答用Sorry, I
can’t/Sorry, I’m afraid not。
4.—Can you give me a ride to work tomorrow morning?
—________. I’ll pick you up at 8:00 a.m.
A.Sure B.I’m sorry C.Go ahead D.That’s right
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——明天早上你能载我去上班吗?——当然,我会在早上八点钟接你。
考查情景交际。Sure.当然。I’m sorry.我很抱歉。Go ahead.继续。That’s right.没错。根据回答“I’ll pick you
up at 8:00 a.m.”可知,我会在明天八点去接对方,说明同意了对方的请求,所以此处使用sure,表示“同意
载对方去上班”。故选A。
▲take out相关用法
take out 拿出来, 取出来
take … out of … 把……从……中拿出来
例:He took a dictionary out. 他拿出来一本字典。
He took a dictionary out of his bag. 他从书包里拿出来一本字典。
牛刀小试
Oh, so much rubbish! Please ________ right now.
A.take out it B.take it out C.take out them D.take them out
【答案】B【详解】句意:哦,这么多垃圾!请马上把它带出去。
考查代词辨析及代词的位置。take out把……带出去;it它;them它们。“动词+副词”结构的短语, 与人
称代词宾格连用,代词置于中间;再由“so much rubbish”可知要用it代替不可数名词。故选B。
2.I’m going to work on the problem now. 我现在要致力于解决这个问题了。
▲work on相关用法
work on是一个动词短语,on为介词,表示“从事某项工作;做某项工作或研究;创作作品、作画;开机
器等”。
例:My father is an author. He is working on a new novel. 我爸爸是一位作家。他正在写一部新小说。
work on sb./sth. 奏效,产生预期的结果
例:The pills work on cough well.这些药片对治疗咳嗽很有效果。
His charm doesn’t work on me.我不为他的魅力所动。
【拓展】
(1)work hard at意为“努力学习;努力做”。
例:My sister works hard at the new job. 我姐姐努力做着那份新工作。
(2)work out意为“算出;想出(办法等)”。
例:The math problem is too difficult. I can’t work it out. 这道数学题太难了,我算不出来。
(3)at work意为“在工作;在运转”,常作表语,与be动词连用。
例:Her mother is at work now.她母亲此时正在上班。
牛刀小试
You can’t use my computer because I'm ________ it.
A.using on B.working on C.working for D.using for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你不能用我的电脑,因为我正在用。
考查动词短语。use on在……上用;work on从事于;work for为……而工作;use for用于……。根据
“You can't use my computer”可知,告诉对方不能用这个电脑是因为自己正在用,故选B。
3.Could I at least finish watching this show?至少等我看完这个节目可以吗?
▲finish相关用法
(1)finish在此为及物动词,意为“完成”,后常接名词、代词、动词-ing形式,不可接不定式。finish
有时也可以单独使用,后面不接任何成分,意为“(使)结束”。
例:Can you finish reading the book in three days? 你能在三天内读完这本书吗?
The play finished at 10:30.比赛于10:30结束。
(2)finish 作名词,意为“结束;结局;完成”。
例:They waited to see the finish of the race.他们等着看比赛的结局。They won in the end but it was a tight finish.他们终于赢了,但比分十分接近。
【拓展】
只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的常见动词和动词短语
喜欢(enjoy) 盼望(look forward to) 介意(mind) 愉快(have fun)
完成(finish) 练习(practice) 忙(be busy) 考虑(consider)
想要(feel like) 放弃(give up)
牛刀小试
—Would you like to go shopping?
—I'd like to, but I have to finish ________ my homework first.
A.doing B.to do C.did D.do
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你想去购物吗?——我想去,但是我必须先完成作业。
考查非谓语动词。固定搭配:finish doing sth“完成做某事”,动名词作宾语,故选A。
4. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess. 而且如果她看到这么乱,她会不高兴的。
▲mess相关用法
mess名词,意为“杂乱;不整洁”。常用短语:in a mess “乱七八糟”
例:The room was in a terrible mess. 房间里脏乱不堪。
The children made a mess in the living room. 孩子们把起居室弄得很乱。
牛刀小试
You’d better not ________ your bedroom a ________.
A.make, mess B.to make, mess C.make, messy D.to make, messy
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你最好不要把你的卧室弄得一团糟。
考查名词的用法以及情态动词的用法。had better not do sth.“最好不要做某事”,排除B/D;mess杂乱;
messy杂乱的。a后加名词。故选A。一、单项选择
1.—________ you give me a hand? I can't move the box by myself.
—No problem.
A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你能帮我一下吗?我自己搬不动这个箱子。——没问题。
本题考查情态动词。could能,should应该,must必须,need需要。根据I can't move the box by myself可知,
我自己搬不动这个箱子,因此请求别人帮助,Could you do sth?你能做某事吗?表示委婉地请求。故选
A。
2. For kids of this age, two hours of sitting in a classroom ________ too long.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】A
【详解】句意:对于这个年龄的孩子来说,坐在教室两个小时太长了。
考查be动词。根据句意这里叙述的是客观的真实情况,应该用一般现在时。two hours of sitting in aclassroom表示一段时间,用作主语时,谓语动词该用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
3.John, please _________your dictionary from the schoolbag and look up the new word.
A.take away B.take up C.take off D.take out
【答案】D
【详解】句意:约翰,请从书包里拿出你的字典来查这个新单词。考查动词短语。A. take away拿走、带
走;B. take up占据、开始从事;C. take off起飞、脱下;D. take out取出、拿出。根据语境:请…你的字典
从你的书包里来查这个新单词,可知此处表达的是“取出、拿出”,结合选项可知D选项符合题意,故答
案选D。
4.—What does Tom’s newest smart phone look like?
—It’s wonderful! You can ________ it in half just like closing a book.
A.hand B.open C.fold D.cut
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——汤姆的最新版的智能手机是什么样子的?——它很棒!你可以像合上一本书一样把它
折叠起来。
考查动词辨析。hand“递,交”;open“打开”;fold“折叠”;cut“切”。根据“just like closing a book”可知,
你可以把它折叠起来,fold“折叠”。故选C。
5.—Could you help me with the math problem?
— _______________. I’m too busy now.
A.Yes, please B.No, sure C.Yes, you could D.Sorry, I can’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--你能帮我做数学题吗?--对不起,我现在太忙了。问句could you...表示请求的句子,不能
用could来回答,否定回答用can’t,肯定回答用can,根据I'm too busy now.可知,这里应该用否定回答,
故选D。
二、根据所给提示填空
1.Last Saturday my brother washed the clothes and I (打扫) the floor.
【答案】swept/cleaned
2.—Could you please (not smoke) in the room?
—Oh, I’m sorry.
【答案】not smoke
3.Look! The old man is picking up r near the dustbin (垃圾箱).
【答案】(r)ubbish
4.Your room is in a (杂乱). I think you should tidy it up.
【答案】mess
5.There are some books on the (地板). Are they yours?
【答案】floor
6.Could you please help out with a f things in the kitchen?【答案】few
7.Mr. Li f his clothes and put them in his bag.
【答案】folded
8. Could you please (make)your bed.
【答案】make
9.—Could I (外出就餐) with Peter, Dad?
—Sure.
【答案】go out for dinner
10.We (搭便车) into town because we missed the bus.
【答案】got a ride
三、完成句子
1.房间里垃圾太多了。请你带出去倒掉好吗?
There is too much rubbish in the room. Could you please ?
【答案】 take it out
2.——请你洗餐具,好吗?
——对不起,我不能,我得做作业
—Could you please ?
—Sorry, I can’t. I do my homework.
【答案】 do the dishes have to
3.——请你扫一下地好吗?
——没问题。
— you the floor?
— .
【答案】Could please sweep No problem
4.起床后,请整理床铺。
Please after you get up.
【答案】Make your bed
5.——我可以去看电影吗?
——对不起, 你不能去。你得学习准备数学考试。
— I to the movies?
—Sorry, you . You study for the math test.
【答案】 Could go can’t have to
四、选词填空
根据语境,从方框中选择恰当的单词填空,有的需要变换形式。mess, sweep, fold, floor
1.—During the Spring Festival people don’t clean the room, yes?
—Yeah! They don’t want to away good luck.
2.Look, Jim! Your socks are on the .
3.—Where’s Helen?
—She’s her clothes in her room.
4.Your mom must be angry when she sees this in your room.
【答案】1.sweep 2.floor 3.folding 4.mess
【解析】
1.句意:——在春节期间,人们不打扫房间,是吗?——是的!他们不想要扫走好运气。
want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”,此空为动词原形。根据问句“clean the room”可知,此处为短语sweep
away,表示“清除;扫去”。故答案为sweep。
2.句意:看,Jim!你的袜子在地板上。
结合句意可知,此处表示方位,on表示“在……之上”,备选词汇中floor表示“地板”,符合句意。故
答案为floor。
3.句意:——Helen在哪里?——她在她的房间里叠衣服。
根据回答句给出部分可知,此句是现在进行时,此空应该为现在分词。根据宾语clothes可知,备选词汇中
fold与clothes搭配,意为“叠衣服”。fold的现在分词为folding。故答案为folding。
4.句意:当你的妈妈看到屋里一团糟的时候,她一定会非常生气。
this为指示代词,后接名词,根据“Your mom must be angry…”可知推测屋里是一团糟的,mess表示“乱
七八糟;混乱”。故答案为mess。
五、补全对话
根据对话内容,从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话,其中有两项多余。
A: Jim, what are you doing?
B: 1
A: Oh, no! You made Emma’s room untidy. When she sees this, she’ll be angry.
B: 2
A: Very easy! Clean her room.
B: She will come back soon. 3
A: No problem. 4
B: First help me to clean her desk. Then help to tidy up her books.
A: OK. 5
B: Oh, no! Please help me first.
A: OK.
A.Could you please help out with a few things?B.I’m playing with my pet dog in Emma’s room.
C.What’s the matter?
D.But could I finish my homework first?
E.What do you want me to do?
F.Thank you for your help.
G.What should I do?
【答案】1.B 2.G 3.A 4.E 5.D
【解析】Jim在Emma的房间和狗狗玩,把Emma的房间弄的乱七八糟的,Emma看到一定很生气。所以
Jim希望朋友能够帮助他收拾屋子。
1.问句“…what are you doing?”是询问正在做什么,因此回答应该是一个现在进行时的句子。B选项意为
“我在Emma的屋子里和我的宠物狗玩”,符合情景。故选B。
2.联系上下文,上一句“When she sees this, she’ll be angry.”可知当Emma看到屋子里一团糟的时候会生气,
回答“Clean her room.”可知是想让Emma不生气需要打扫房间,因此可判断2空应该是询问怎么做才能让
Emma不生气。G选项意为“我应该怎么做”,符合情景。故选G。
3.根据回答“No problem.”可知3空应该是寻求帮助,A选项意为“你能帮我做几件事吗”,符合情景。
故选A。
4.根据上文“Could you please help out with a few things?”可知上文请求帮助,回答应该问做哪些事。E选
项意为“你想让我做什么”,符合情景。故选E。
5.根据回答“Oh, no! Please help me first.”可知此空应该表示朋友想先做其他事。D选项意为“但是我能先
完成作业吗”,符合情景。故选D。