高考英语单词 L（原卷版）
目录
高考英语单词L......................................................................................................................................1
高考核心词汇与练习---L ..................................................................................................................33
lab [læb] 等于laboratory [ˈlæbrətɔ:ri] n. 实验室
1. 【真句】In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly (表面上)
participate in a study about movie viewership.【2020新高考1卷】在第一项研究中，95名女大学生被单独
邀请到一个实验室，表面上参与一项关于电影观众的研究。
2. 【 真 句 】 Then, for eight years, the scientists
asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18
months to take the same sorts of tests.【2020.7 浙江】
然后，八年来，科学家们要求同一组人每18个月回
到实验室接受一次同样的测试。
3. 【真句】When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 【2017北京卷】当实验室老
鼠不允许睡觉时，它们在一个月内死亡。
4. 【真句】It was a strange-looking machine — one his dad had brought home from the laboratory where
he worked.【2012江西阅读】这是一个看上去非常奇怪的机器— 这是他爸爸从他工作的实验室带回来
的。
labour [ˈleɪbə] n. 劳动；工人，劳动力；v. 辛勤工作，努力
1. 【真句】Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary
regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.【2019江苏】相信这样一个
世界，许多政府已经终止了一些非常有必要的资本、劳动力和货物跨境流动的监管，但收效甚微。
2. 【真句】They organize their lives with a clear division of labor.【2015安徽阅读】他们管理他们的生
活有一个清晰的分工。
3. 【真句】By translating the rich and humorous text of Love's Labour's Lost into the physical language of
BSL...【2017全国2卷】通过将《爱的劳动》丰富而幽默的文本翻译成BSL的物理语言...4. 【真句】The flow of labor is a growing problem.【2012陕西阅读】劳动力流动是一个日益严重的问
题。
5. 【真句】But a few years ago, scientists tried to find
out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a
stage of fatigue.【2013辽宁阅读】但是几年前，科学家
们努力发现大脑在不达到疲劳的状态下可以工作多长时
间。
lack [læk] n. 缺乏vt. 缺乏
1. 【真句】 This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.【2019全国2】这就是动机或缺乏动机所能
做到的。
2. 【真句】They lacked support from the local government.【2015天津阅读】他们缺乏来自当地政府
的支持
短语：lack of (此时lack为名词)
【真句】Lack of self-confidence is his last straw, I am afraid.【2016江苏】 恐 怕
缺乏自信是压垮他的最后稻草。
ladder [ˈlædə] n. 梯子
lady [ˈleɪdɪ] n. 女士，夫人
1. 【真句】When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the
entrance. 【2021.1浙江卷】当他站在他小时候长大的房子前时，他看见一位女士站在门口。
2. 【真句】Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like
"By a lady." Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.【2018.6浙江卷】
许多小说作品出现时并没有作者的名字，通常有这样的标题，如：“一位女士” 小说，在很大程度上
被视为愚蠢的，不道德的或纯粹的坏。
lake [leɪk] n. 湖lamb [læm] n. 羔羊
【真句】One morning I spot a lost lamb when I was in the top field, near where a motorway cuts through my
land. 【2020.7浙江卷】一天早晨，我在一条高速公路穿过我的土地附近的高地上发现了一只迷路的羔
羊。
lame [leɪm] adj. 跛的，瘸的
lamp [læmp] n. 灯，油灯；光源
【真句】The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real mess .【2021全国甲卷】
窗帘掉了，灯掉了，真是一团糟。
land [lænd] n. 土地，陆地 v. 着陆，降落；登陆，到达；谋得（工作或合同）
1. 【真句】The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful
writing. 【2022年6月全国乙卷】大地的辽阔和人民的坚忍使她写出了一些优美的作品。
2. 【真句】The bus hit a lamp post and it broke the glass on the front door before Harvold managed to
bring the bus to a stop. 【2017.11浙江卷】巴士撞上了一根灯柱，打碎了前门的玻璃，然后哈沃尔德设
法把巴士停了下来。
3. 【真句】when people cut down trees，generally they can only use the land for a year or two.【2014安
徽阅读】当人们砍伐树木的时候，通常他们可以用这块土地一到两年。
4. 【真句】One June 11, 2014, nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I
would land.【2015北京阅读】在2014年的7月11日，40位家人和朋友会聚集在我着陆的地方。
5. 【真句】Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job.【2012山东阅读】安德森得到了第一个教师
工作。
6. 【真句】His boss landed the plane too late.【2013全国二阅读】他的老板下飞机太迟了。
language [ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ] n. 语言短语：body language 身体语言
1. 【真句】My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language.【2023新高考】我的
家人都来自巴西，所以英语只是我的第二语言。
2. 【 真 句 】 Subjects who practiced the
language moderately beforehand made fewer
errors than those who practiced extensively or not
at all. 【2022年6月浙江卷】事先适度练习语
言的受试者比那些广泛练习或根本不练习语言
的人犯的错误更少。
3. 【真句】And body language is particularly
important when we attempt to communicate across
cultures.【2012 全国一完形】当我们跨文化交
流的时候身体语言是特别重要的
lantern [ˈlæntən] n. 灯笼
lap [læp] n. 大腿；(跑道的)一圈
laser [ˈleɪzə] n. 激光
large [lɑ:dʒ] adj. 大的，大量的
同义词： giant adj. 巨大的，huge adj. 巨大的； vast adj. 巨大的，广大的
largely [ˈlɑ:dʒli] adv. 主要地
1. 【真句】The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large
number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.【2023新高考1卷】他所进行的估计实验表明，
在某些情况下，大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。
2. 【真句】The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks...【2023
新高考2卷】孩子们真的带着一袋袋的零食和一大瓶软饮料来学校。3. 【真句】How much one enjoys himself traveling depends largely on who he goes with, whether his
friends or relatives.【2015四川】一个人多喜欢旅行主要取决于他和谁去，是他的朋友还是他的亲戚。
同义词：mainly adv. 主要地
last [læst] adj. 过去的；最后的 v. 持续
1. 【真句】The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. 【2023.1浙江
卷】取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日。
2. 【真句】What can be inferred from the last paragraph?【2022年6月浙江卷】从最后一段可以推断
出什么？
3. 【真句】I had one trip last year where I was
caught by a hurricane in America.【2016 全国一阅
读】在去年的一次去美国的旅行中我遇到了飓风。
4. 【真句】They’ve won their last three matches,
which I find a bit surprising actually.【2014辽宁】他 们
赢了最后三场比赛，事实上我发现这有点令人惊讶。
5. 【真句】People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever.【2015安徽阅读】
人们也意识到煤炭和天然气的供应不会永远持续下去。
用法：the last thing/person 最不可能的人/事，最不想要的人/事，最不适当的人/事
【真句】But Tom broke and ran and that’s the last thing you do with a cougar（美洲狮）.【2012北京阅
读】汤姆挣脱开来并且跑了，那是你面对美洲狮的时候最不该做的事情。
at last 最后，最终
【真句】Within two years after her arrival in Canada, Diana at last achieved her original goal.【2015福建完
形】在到达加拿大的两年之内，Diana最终实现了她最初的目标。
late, lately, later, latter, latest的辨析
late [leɪt] adj. 迟的，晚的；晚期的，后期的（只能用于名词前）adv. 迟地，晚地
【真句】I did not want to be late for this date.【2014浙江阅读】这次约会我不想迟到。
【真句】To avoid being late for future classes.【2021年6月天津卷】为了避免以后上课迟到。
【真句】Then, in late June, my youngest son’s football team made the city cup final.【2014四川完形】然后在六月晚期，我小儿子的足球队打入城市杯的决赛。
【真句】Why did the author and her sister stay up late the night before their father’s birthday?【2014四川阅
读】为什么作者和她的妹妹在他们爸爸的生日前天晚上熬夜地很晚?
lately [ˈleɪtlɪ] adj. 最近 等于recently
1. 【真句】Quantum ( 量子 ) computers have been on my mind a lot lately.【2022北京卷】量子电脑最
近一直萦绕在我的脑海里。
2. 【真句】Beaten first by the march of technology and lately by the terrible weather in junkyards (废品
场), the phone boxes representative of an age are now making something of a comeback.【2020江苏】首先被
科技的进步击败，最近又被垃圾场的恶劣天气击败, 代表一个时代的电话亭如今正在卷土重来。
3. 【真句】But lately everything has changed.【2014湖南完形】但是最近一切都变了。
latest [ˈleɪtɪst] adj. 最新的，最近的
【真句】By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for
railways...【2022全国乙卷】通过使用最新的技术，无人机也可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务...
We will be happier with the latest products.【2015安徽完形】最新的产品是我们更开心。
【真句】point out that most power plants have adopted the latest nuclear technology.【2019.1上海】指出大
多数发电厂都采用了最新的核技术。
later [ˈleɪtə] adv. 之后，随后 adj. 以后的，后来的（必须用在名词前）
【真句】Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice.【2014全国一阅读】三天之后，
在午夜他听到了Joe的声音。
【真句】...encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy
emotional responses in later life.【2021年6月天津卷】鼓励孩子以建设性的方式表达自己，有助于在以
后的生活中形成健康的情绪反应。
【真句】Whether reading early promises later achievements.【2012上海阅读】阅读是否能保证以后的成
功？latter [ˈlætə] n. （两者之中的）后者； adj. 后期的，末期的
【真句】 In the latter you may only be able to read one page.【2021年6月新高考二卷】在后者中，您可
能只能阅读一页。
【真句】Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.
【2014江苏】出现高失业率和犯罪率的地方，我们可以认为后者是由前者造成的。
【真句】And the latter position is gaining some ground.【2015重庆阅读】后者的观点正在普及。
短语：the former…，the latter… 前者……，后者……
laugh [lɑːf] n. v. 笑；
短语：laugh at 嘲笑
【真句】But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh.【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅰ卷】但法伯确信他将会
笑到最后。
【真句】I had to try hard not to laugh at her shocked face!【2015陕西改错】我不得不努力不嘲笑他那震
惊的脸。
注意：laugh 作名词时不可数名词而laughter是不可数名词
laughter [ˈlæftər] n. 笑声，笑
【真句】There was a lot of laughter and a few tears, too.【2014四川阅读】有许多笑声和眼泪
launch [lɔ:ntʃ] v. 发射；实施，开展
【真句】The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent being launched at the end
of last March.【2012山东】这个国家已经发射了三个人造飞船了，最近发射人造飞船在上个三月。
【真句】What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?【2015天津阅读】兰西实施这个项目的目
的是什么？
laundry [ˈlɔːndrɪ] n. 刚洗过的（或待洗的）衣物；洗衣店lavatory [ˈlævətɔːrɪ] n. 便所，厕所
law [lɔ:] n. 法律；法学；法则；
【真句】The Law of the Jungle. 【2020海南】丛林法则。
【真句】That has always been a law of nature.【2015江苏阅读】那是自然法则。
law的另一名词形式：lawyer [ˈlɔɪə] n. 律师
lay [leɪ] v. 放置；铺（路，地毯……）；下（蛋），产（卵）；
【真句】They went to play with the baby.【2020海南】他们去和宝宝玩了。
【真句】She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk.【2014重庆阅
读】她会把我的脏衣服推到一边，我会把我的书放在她那干净的书桌上。
【真句】the power lines will be laid down to move electricity around.【2015北京阅读】电线会被铺下去发
电。
One day while walking along the bank of a lake, the girl happened to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose.【2012
全国一完形】一天当我们沿着湖边走的时候，那个男孩碰巧看到20个由野鹅产下的蛋。
同义词：place v. 放置
短语：lay off 解雇
【真句】Sometimes, they might be laid off if business for the employers is slow.【2015湖南任务型读写】如
果雇主生意不好的话他们可能被解雇。
lay out 铺开，展开
【真句】Wet rice was laid out to dry along this road.【2014天津阅读】潮湿的米会被沿着马路铺开。
lazy [ˈleɪzɪ] adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的
【真句】They never look lazy or untidy.【2021年6月新高考1卷】他们看起来从不懒散或不整洁。
【真句】Those lazy boys need something to wake them up.【2013福建阅读】那些懒孩子需要我们用一些
东西把他们唤醒。
lazy的名词形式：laziness ['leɪzɪnəs] n. 懒惰lead [liːd] v. 带领，领导；带路，领路：导致；通往 n. 领先；铅
【真句】They will lead you to the place you want to go.【2013江苏完形】他们将会带领你去你想去的地
方。
【真句】Once the honey guide has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the
curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest.【2012全国一阅读】一旦蜂蜜向导得到了他们的注意
力，它就飞过森林，当它们领着好奇的人或动物到达蜂巢的时候它会时不时地等待他们。
【真句】Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead
them to make more abstract connections.【2014北京阅读】他的研究表明高的天花板会鼓励人们自由思
考，这会导致人们做出更加抽象的联系。
【真句】There was a joyous row of wild flowers, leading all the way to the garden.【2015重庆阅读】有一
排让人们快乐的野花一直通往花园。
【真句】It doesn’t matter whether you turn right or left at the crossing ---both roads lead to the park.【2012
天津】在十字路口向左转还是向右转都不要紧——两条路都通往公园。
【真句】Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with.【2016北京阅读】铅污染被证明是很难处
理的。
短语：take the lead (in doing sth)带头做某事
【真句】He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in
murdering Julius Caesar.【2015上海阅读】他们说他做了一个带头谋杀Julius Caesar的错误的决定——至
少莎士比亚是这么呈现的。
take the lead 领先
【真句】And near the end of the race, he took the lead.【2015辽宁阅读】在比赛的最后，他领先了。
lead to 导致，造成（相当于cause）
【真句】 It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the
opposite effect on us.【2019全国1.】它清楚地表明，虽然可爱可以导致健康的调整，但高地位对我们的
影响正好相反。
Sport programs provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical
health.【2016上海阅读】体育项目给年轻人提供了身体活跃的机会，这会改善身体健康。【真句】Loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.【2015陕西阅读】供氧
的树的缺失也会导致空气污染和全球变暖。
lead/live a ……life 过着……生活
【真句】In modern times, people have to learn to live with all kinds of pressure although they are leading a
comfortable life.【2013湖北】在现代时期，人本不得不忍受各种压力尽管他们过着舒适的生活
lead的形容词形式：leading最重要的
【真句】Soon it became one of the world’s leading companies in information technology and communications.
【2015安徽阅读】很快它成为世界上最重要的信息技术与通讯公司。
lead的另外两个名词形式：leader n. 领导人；leadership n. 领导权，领导才能
【真句】They emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader.
【2015上海阅读】他们强调了抓住机会成为老练高明的领导的故事。
【真句】Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things.【2012天津阅读】今天的领导才能不再
是关于强迫他人做事。
lead作动词时的名词形式：leader [ˈliːdə] n. 领袖，领导人
leading [ˈliːdɪŋ] adj. 重要的，领先的
【真句】Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition “by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims?【2022
年6月北京卷】PyQuantum真的会像泰勒声称的那样“以巨大的优势”领先所有竞争对手吗？
【真句】James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.【2015全国一阅读】James
Brindley被认为是重要的运河工程师之一。
leaf [liːf] n. 树叶
【真句】Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but
they differ greatly size and shape.【2012上海】所有
种类的树都有树叶，但是它们在大小和形状上都不
一样。league [liːɡ] n. 联盟；社团
【真句】She picked up a long-forgotten membership in the local league of women, so that she could get to
know more people.【2015陕西阅读】她拿出被长期遗忘的一家当地女子社团的会员卡，这样她就可以
认识更多的人了。
【真句】Every year, The Times newspaper compiles a league table of all the UK's ninety-seven universities.
【2013广东阅读】每年《时代周刊》都会编纂英国97所大学联盟的排名表。
leak [liːk] v. 漏，渗；泄漏（秘密）；n. 漏洞，裂缝；（秘密的）泄漏
【真句】The old bucket felt very ashamed because of its holes: before it reached the flowerbeds, much water
had leaked along the path.【2015重庆阅读】旧桶因为漏洞而感到羞愧；在它到达化痰之前许多水都在路
上漏掉了。
【真句】Help your parents fix any leaks in your home.【2013安徽阅读】帮助你的父母修理家里的任何漏
洞。
learn [lɜːn] v. 学习，学会，学到；得知，听到；意识到
【真句】Children do learn languages more quickly than adults.【2013安徽完形】儿童的确比成人学的要快。
【真句】I am very excited to learn that you are coming to Beijing for the Olympics.【2013福建改错】我非
常高兴得知你要来北京参加奥林匹克。
【真句】I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.【2016
天津写作】之后我意识到如果你爱上某事并且一直做的话你将会更加擅长它。
短语：learn about了解到
【真句】But in that case, we will learn little about the world.【2016全国一改错】但是在那种情况下我们
对这个社会将会一无所知。
learn (sth) from sb 从某人那里学到某物
【真句】Don’t learn from others unless they’re excellent.【2014 四
川】除非别人优秀否则不要向他人学习。learn from sth 从某事吸取教训
【真句】People can learn a lot from their failures.【2013湖南阅读】人们从失败中可以吸取许多教训。
learn to do 学习做某事
【真句】Learning to deal with the social world is equally important.【2016北京阅读】学习处理社交世界
同样重要。
learn的形容词形式：learned [ˈlɜ:nɪd] adj. 博学的
【真句】The more learned a man is, the more modest be usually become.【2015陕西】一个人越博学他就
越谦虚。
least [liːst] 最少的
【真句】What would you miss most and least if you were stuck on a desert island?【2013浙江阅读】如果你
被困在废弃的岛上的话你最想念和最不想念的东西分别是什么？
短语：at least 至少
【真句】Her research before writing takes at least three years.【2012辽宁阅读】在写作之前的研究至少花
了3年时间。
反义词：at most 至多
【真句】You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week.【2013天津阅读】这个房间
你每天可以使用三小时，每周至多使用九小时。
leather [ˈleðə]n. 皮革，皮
leave [liːv] v. 离开；留下；把……留在某处；使保持（某种 状
态或某个位置）n. 假期
【真句】By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside.【2016全国二阅读】到这个团队离开
的时候，外面正在下着倾盆大雨。
【真句】Once trust is lost, what is left? 【2015全国二七选五】一旦信任没有了还能留下什么？
【真句】The new law in Rome also says that owners mustn’t leave their dogs in hot cars. [阅读]2012天津 罗
马新的法律要求雇主禁止把他们的狗狗留在炎热的车里。【真句】You can’t leave the back part bare.【2012湖北完形】你不能使你的自行车后部保持裸露的状态。
【真句】Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday.
【2012福建】小两口可以轮流请假以便照顾放假在家的孩子。
短语：leave for 前往
【真句】The tourists will stay in Beijing for three nights before leaving for the UK.【2014福建阅读】游客
们在前往英国之前需要在北京呆三个晚上。
leave out 省略，遗漏；
【真句】He didn’t say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose.【2013全国
二阅读】】他没有说什么错误的东西，但是他故意遗漏一些重要信息。
leave behind 留下；落后
Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. 【2015天
津阅读】学习你的榜样、接受他们的天赋然后留下那些对你没有用的东西。
Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind. 【2013上
海】忽视了学生正在讨论的问题，我发现自己落伍了。
leave sb alone 不去打扰……，让……独自待着； leave sth alone 不去碰某物
Why don't you just mind your own business and leave me alone?【2012全国二】为什么不管好你自己的事
情让我独自呆一会呢？
lecture [ˈlektʃə] n. 演讲，讲座；训斥，告诫（lecture on/about）v. 演讲，做讲座；训斥，告诫（）
He started giving lectures about education.【2012福建阅读】他开始做关于教育方面的讲座。
I just pretended it all wasn’t happening, and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions.【2013
浙江阅读】我假装这一切都没有发生，继续说教并且问一些鼓舞人心的问题。
用法：lecture sb about/on sth告诫某人某事
Top lists are lecturing people on everything from “100 places to
visit” to “100 books to read”【2012重庆阅读】排行表告诫人 们
所有的东西从“100个游览之地”到 “100本必读之书”
短语：give/deliver a lecture 做讲座/演讲
He is to deliver 30 lectures in Basic Math.【2012北京阅读】他 将做30个关于Basic Math的讲座。
left [left] adj. 左的 adv. 朝左，向左
短语：have two left feet 动作非常笨拙
“Look! Johnny has two left feet!”【2014湖南完形】“看，Johnny的动作多么笨拙。”
leftover ['leftˌəuvə] adj.剩下的 n.剩饭菜
But the truth is that you can have last night’s leftovers.【2014全国二阅读】事实上，你是可以吃昨晚的剩
饭菜的。
leg [leɡ] n. 腿
legal [ˈliːɡl] adj. 合法的；法律的
If a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove
it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action.【2014山东阅读】如果市场上的产品对健康有害，
FDA有权要求生产商或经销商主动将该产品下架，活着它可以采取法律措施。
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to understand
something of the laws covering their regulation.【2014山东】为了理解这些产品如何能够被合法地推销给
公众，了解相关的规定是有必要的。
反义词：illegal adj. 非法的
lemon [ˈlemən] n. 柠檬
lemonade [leməˈneɪd] n. 柠檬水
lend [lend] v. 借给
短语：lend sb sth = lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人
Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a fewdollars until I get paid on Friday.【2012辽宁】妈妈，我想知道您能否借我点钱知道我星期五发工资
lend sb a hand 帮助某人
Obviously there was something wrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. 【2013
山东阅读】很明显车出了问题，吉米立刻去帮助他。
lend an ear to 倾听
Parents should talk to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say.
【2014广东完形】父母应该和他们的孩子说话，但是同时他们也应该听听他们孩子所说的。
length [leŋθ] n. 长度；
You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅱ
卷】你选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短故事。
The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. 【2015江
西】这些技术有医学应用，这些应用可以提高生活质量和寿命的长度。
短语：at length 长时间的，详细的
I set up an interview with her and we discussed her project at length.【2013湖南阅读】我采访了她并且和她
详细讨论她的项目。
length的形容词形式：long adj. 长的
lesson [ˈlesn] n. 课;经验，教训
It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life until we’ve actually had that lesson.【2012天津】
直到我们真的上了那次课，我们才能吸取教训。
To help students understand the lesson better, the teacher should use Chinese from time to time. 【2012浙江
写作】为了帮助学生更好理解课程，老师应该时不时地用中文。
短语：learn a lesson 吸取教训
let [let] vt. 让
短语：let n do 让名词作某事
Call me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result.【2014全国一】明天给我打电话我将告诉你实验结果。
let alone 更不用说We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it. 【2014
全国一阅读】我们那时甚至不知道环境的存在，更不用说环境问题。
let sb down 让某人失望,辜负某人（此时等同于fail /disappoint sb）
We did not want to let him down.【2012福建阅读】我们不想让他失望。
let out 突然发出（大的声音）
With each bump of the plane , he would let out a giggle (咯咯的笑) of delight.【2015四川】伴随着飞机的每
一次颠簸他会发出快乐的咯咯的笑声。
let go of 放开
I let go of my box.【2013湖南完形】我放开了我的盒子。
letter [ˈletə] n. 信；字母
The tricky mental task required the students to do simple
mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.
【2013北京阅读】这个棘手的思考任务要求学生做一些简单的 数
学计算同时记住一套字母。
level [ˈlevl] n. 水平；程度；标准；楼层；等级，级别；水平高度adj. 齐平的，齐高的
According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to decline from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level
at 22.【2012浙江】根据科学家，我们的思维水平在22岁达到最高水平之后，从27岁开始下降。
This special school accepts all disabled students, regardless of educational level and background. 【2014江
苏】这所特殊学校接受所有的残疾学生，不管他们的教育程度或背景。
The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief that you are better than anyone else on the
sports field.【2013浙江】实现成功最高标准的唯一方式就是完全相信你比赛场上的任何一个人都好。
The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking. 【2014
天津阅读】Globe位于McMillan Hall的底层，它是被用来放松、学习和做饭的。
According to the Center for Biological Diversity, an ocean level rise of only 0.6 meters will send these guys
jumping to higher ground.【2012浙江阅读】根据Center for Biological Diversity，海平面高度没增加0.6
米这些家伙就会爬向更高的地方。
The puma’s huge head was level with my chest and shoulders.【2014北京阅读】美洲狮的大头和我的胸以
及肩膀一样高。liberate [ˈlɪbəreɪt] vt. 解放，使自由 liberate 的名词形式：liberation 解放
liberty [ˈlɪbətɪ] n. 自由
the Statue of Liberty【2014天津阅读】自由女神像
library [ˈlaɪbrərɪ] n. 图书馆，图书室
library 的另一个名词形式：librarian [laɪˈbreərɪən] 图书
管理员; 图书馆馆长
license [ˈlaɪsəns] n. 执照，许可，许可证
Last year the number of students who graduated with a
driving license reached 200,000.【2015江西】去年毕业拥有驾驶许可证的学生数量达到200,000。
In 1993, 77 years after her death, a medical license was issued to Charlotte.【2014山东完形】
在她死后77年的1993年，Charlotte被授予了医疗执照。
lid [lɪd] n. 盖子
lie1 [laɪ] v. (lay, lain) 躺；位于；处于或保持（某种状态）；
Sometimes when I feel lost, I lie down and shut my eyes.【2013四川阅读】有时候当我迷失的时候，我会
躺下来闭上眼睛。
Most rain forests lie close to the equator, where the climate is often mild and there are long hours of sunshine.
【2012辽宁阅读】大多数雨林离赤道很近，那儿的气候温和并且有长时间的阳光。
Mrs. Tailor was unaware that some children lay hidden in the leaves of a nearby tree watching her every move.
【2014江西阅读】Tailor女士并不知道一些孩子躲在附近的树叶里观看她的每一个举动。
短语：lie with/in 在于
Austen's success lies in her wisdom.【2013福建阅读】Austen的成功在于他的智慧。lie2 [laɪ] v. (lied, lied) 说谎 n. 谎言
Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.【2013全国二】谎言就是谎言，并且有时候事实也会
说谎。
life [laɪf] n.生命；一生；生活；生机，活力
One’s life has value as long as one brings value to the life of others.【2012江苏】一个人的生命是有价值的
只要他给他人的生活带来价值。
I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.【2014全国一阅读】我经常想象我未来的生活将会怎
样。
Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with your eyes closed.【2014江西阅读】想
象一下你的余生都无法重见光明将会怎样。
The late risers are tired during the day and only come to life in the afternoon or evening! 【2015辽宁阅读】
晚起的人在白天很疲惫只有在下午或晚上的时候才充满活力。
短语：live/lead a…life 过着……的
生活
Only those who accept this reality can
lead a really full life.【2012 浙江阅
读】只有那些接受现实的人才能过
上充实的生活。
lifetime [ˈlaɪftaɪm] n. 一生，终生
短语：chance/experience of lifetime 千载难逢的机会或经历
It was a chance of a lifetime to win the first prize.【2015全国一改错】这是赢得第一名千载难逢的机会。
lift [lɪft] v.举起，抬起，提起；增加；(云、烟等)消散 n. 电梯；搭便车；抬，提，举
In the new P.E. program, children learn to lift weights, balance their diets and build physical endurance.【2015
上海阅读】在新的体育项目中，孩子们学会增加体重、平衡饮食以及增加身体忍耐度。He lifted the little girl out of the water.【2015陕西阅读】他将那个小女孩从水中提起来。
We have been driving in fog all morning, but the fog is lifting now.【2013福建完形】我们整个早上都在雾
中开车，但是现在雾散了。
Take the lift to the tenth floor, and you will find the gym.【2014陕西阅读】乘电梯到10楼你就可以找到健
身馆了。
短语：give sb a lift/ride 给某人搭便车
It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.【2012北京】你能让我搭便车回家真好。
lift one’s spirits 使某人开心起来，使某人振奋起来
On the road of life, the help of strangers can lighten our loads and lift our spirits.【2013重庆完形】在人生的
路上，陌生人的帮助可以减轻我们的负担并且让我们振奋起来。
light [laɪt] n. 光；灯；交通信号灯 v. 点燃；照亮 adj. 轻的；明亮的；淡色的；
We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather than complaining about
traffic jams.【2013江苏写作】我们应该资源并且严格遵守交通规则，在红灯的时候停下来而不是抱怨
交通堵塞。
The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon.【2013湖北阅读】 天
空十分晴朗并且被月光照亮了。
People often greet each other with light cheek kisses.【2014浙江阅
读】人们经常轻轻亲吻脸颊的方式问候彼此。
The kitchen was light and spacious 厨房明亮宽敞。
light yellow【2013浙江阅读】淡黄色
短语：throw/shed/cast light on使某事物清楚些
New light can now be thrown on ancient trading practices.【2014江西阅读】古代交易的做法被弄清楚了。
lightning [ˈlaɪtnɪŋ] n.闪电
like [laɪk] prep 像；例如 v. 喜欢
Most air pollution is caused by the burning of fuels like coal, gas and oil.【2013天津】大部分空气污染都是
由燃烧例如煤炭、天然气和石油这样的燃料引起的。
It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month.【2016全国三阅读】它被叫做Apple Day但实际上更像 Apple Month。
I like getting up very early in summer.【2013全国】我喜欢在夏天早起。
短语：would like to do想要，希望
Would you like to join us in the game?【2013福建】你想加入我们的比赛吗？
like作动词时的反义词为：dislike v. 不喜欢
likely [ˈlaɪklɪ] adj. adv. 很可能(的)
Although the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not
arrest him.【2014湖南】尽管警察认为他是最可能罪犯，因为没有确切的证据他们还不能逮捕他。
短语：It is likely that 可能……
It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking rainforests.
【2014安徽阅读】我们治愈疾病的最好机会可能在世界上日益减少的雨林的某个地方是极有可能的。
be likely to do sth 可能做某事
Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?【2015全国一】为什么工程专业的学生更有可
能接受工作?
limit [ˈlɪmɪt] n. 极限；边界，界限；v. 限制
The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but whether he reaches these limits
will depend on his environment.【2012安徽】一个人的智商极限总的来说在出生时是固定的，但是是否
达到这些极限取决于环境。
The Brisbane City Council (BCC) is responsible for bus and ferry services within the city limits and suburbs.
【2014江苏阅读】BCC对市区内以及郊区的公交和货车服务负责。
I was limited in my choices.【2015浙江完形】我在选择上受到了限制。
limit的形容词形式：limited [ˈlɪmɪtɪd] adj. 有限的
We have a very limited number of studies.【2014北京阅读】我们的研究数量非常有限。
limitation [ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn] n. 限制；缺陷
I can accept my limitations but keep going.【2024年6月北京卷】我可以接受我的局限，但我会继续前进。
As more people move into apartments, there are limitations on keeping of animals like dogs and monkeys.【2013陕西阅读】随着越来越多的搬入公寓，关于饲养狗狗和猴子这样的动物有一些限制。
The limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that the research sample is not large enough.【2015上海阅
读】这个研究论文的缺陷在于研究样本不够大。
line [laɪn] n. 线；队；行 v. 排队
link [lɪŋk] v.联系；连接 n. 联系
【真句】People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was
on the page.【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅰ卷】人们常常将他们对所读内容的记忆与它在书中的位置或页
面上的位置联系起来。
用法：link A with/to B 把A和B连接/联系起来
Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.【2015山东阅读】
自从20世纪70年代以来科学家一直寻找将大脑和电脑连接起来的方式。
The change of blood pressure is not linked with the change of emotions.【2013湖南阅读】血压的变化与情绪的
变化没有联系。
But the link between money and happiness is complex.【2012湖北阅读】钱与幸福的联系是复杂的。
同义词 associate；link；relate
connect A with B
把A和B联系起来 associate A with B
relate A to B
lion [ˈlaɪən] n. 狮子
lip [lɪp] n. 嘴唇
liquid [ˈlɪkwɪd] n. adj. 液体；液体的list [lɪst] n. 清单；v. 列出，列入
students ought to make a list of the books they had read. 【2012四川阅读】学生们应该列出他们已读数
目的清单。
List what you believe you can achieve.【2014重庆阅读】列出你认为你可以获得的东西的清单。
listen [ˈlɪsn] vi. 听
用法：listen to 听……
Many young people listen to classical music without realizing it is often used in films and advertisements.
【2014安徽阅读】许多年轻人听经典音乐并没有意识到它经常被使用在电影和广告中。
listen in偷听
Never read his mail or listen in on personal conversations.【2014全国一阅读】不要读他的邮件或偷听私人
谈话。
literature [ˈlɪtərətʃə] n. 文学
Lainey can become excited about reading when presented with literature on topics that interest her. 【2016四
川完形】当被给一些他感兴趣的文学作品话题时，他就会对阅读非常兴奋。
literature的形容词形式：literary [ˈlɪtərərɪ] 文学的
According to the literary review, Shakespeare makes his characters live through their language in his plays.
【2014福建】根据文学评论，莎士比亚通过语言和戏剧使他的人物栩栩如生。
litre [liːtə] n. 升
litter [ˈlɪtə] n. 垃圾 v. 乱丢杂物
Club members started doing things like recycling, picking up litter and planting trees as well as inviting other
kids to join their club."【2013山东阅读】俱乐部成员开始做一些事情，比如回收、捡垃圾、种树以及邀
请其他孩子加入俱乐部。
These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm to life and the
environment.【2013安徽作文】这些天，破坏交通法以及乱扔垃圾并不少见，这些对环境和生活造成了严重的危害。
同义词：rubbish n. 垃圾；trash n. 垃圾；garbage n. 垃圾； waste n. 垃圾
little [ˈlɪtl] adj. 小的；少的 pron. 几乎没有 a little 一些
live [lɪv] v. 居住，生活；存活 adj. 活的；现场直播的；现场表演的 adv. 现场直播；现
场演出
Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities.【2013北京阅读】今天82%的美国人生活在城市里
In lab tests, Taylor said he found the fish can live up to 66 days out of water without eating.【2014全国二阅
读】在实验室的测试中，Taylor说鱼离开水不吃东西可以存活多达66天。
The researchers say robotic dogs have some advantages over live dogs, especially for old people. 【2006天津
阅读】 研究表明机器狗比活着的狗有优势，尤其对老人而言。
This is certainly having an influence on the live sports events themselves.【2015江西回答问题】这对现场直
播的体育赛事本身就有影响。
Last night, there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV.【2014北京阅读】
昨天晚上，有数百万人在电视上看了开幕式的直播。
live/lead a……life 过着……的生活
They wanted him to live a normal life.【2013浙江阅读】他们想过一个正常的生活。
live with 容忍；和……在一起生活
Scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it.【2012湖北阅读】
科学家暗示：老年人预计他们的生活会更加艰难并且学会去容忍。
Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers.【2014广东完形】父母觉得很难与青少年在一起生活。
live through 经历
The first two weeks were the most difficult to live through.【2013上海阅读】前两周是最难经历的。
live on 继续存在；靠……生活 （此时等于live off）；以……为主食
Mumbet died in 1829, but her legacy lived on in her many descendants(后裔).【2014山东阅读】Mumbet死
于1829年，但是他的遗产在其后裔当中仍然存在。
But holidays are expensive and, for those on low wages or living on benefits，they are often unobtainable.
【2012福建阅读】度假的费用很高，对于那些收入很低或以救济为生的人来说，去度假是不可能的。They live on bread and potatoes.【高考真句】他们以面包和马铃薯为主食。
live up to 符合，不辜负；履行
Had he lived up to her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.【2015湖北】要是他履行了他的
诺言他会成功进入耶鲁大学。
I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.【2015 陕西作文】我确定我不会辜负你的期望。
lively [ˈlaɪvlɪ] adj.充满活力的；生动有趣的；活跃的；激动人心的
Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to develop to their greatest.【2015江苏】学
校应该是一个充满活力的地方，鼓励个人最大程度的发展自己的潜力。
potential.
I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion.【2012安徽阅读】我预计我的演讲会
取得成功并且开始了一个生动有趣的讨论。
Colorful umbrellas add to a lively atmosphere in the summer streets.【2012上海】各式阳伞给夏日街头平添
了活跃的气氛。
This is a really lively party. There’s a great atmosphere, isn’t there?【2013山东】这是一个激动人心的派对，
气氛特别好，不是吗？
living [ˈlɪvɪŋ] adj. 活着的；活生生的 n. 生计，收入
注意：alive 也有活着的意思，但是不用于明词前，但是living要放名词前
So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species.【2012北京阅读】到目前为止科学家已经给
180万活的生物命名。
The girl could learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security.【2014上海阅读】那个女孩可
以从活生生的例子中获得经验以建立安全感。
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.【2015安徽阅读】许多年来主要
爱尔兰人作为农民谋生。
短语：earn/make a living 谋生
It is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker.【2015安徽阅读】作为农民比作为工人谋
生更困难。living room n. 起居室
load [ləʊd] n.（车辆、人等的）负载物；工作量，负荷；负担v. 把……装上/进；
（给……）装货 此时等于load up；载入（程序）
On the road of life, the help of strangers can lighten our loads and lift our spirits.【2013重庆完形】在人生的
路上，陌生人的帮助可以减轻我们的负担并且让我们振奋起来。
With the work load heavier and heavier, more and more students are becoming near-sighted.【2012 天津写
作】伴随工作负荷越来越重，越来越多的学生变近视了。
With my load of magazines I headed toward Belleville Avenue.【2012浙江阅读】载着杂志我朝Belleville
Avenue走去。
He loaded his family into the car.【2014福建完形】他把家人装进汽车
I loaded up something like a lawn chair, a pole, and headed back to the yard.【2013全国一阅读】我卸了一些
例如椅子和棍子东西，然后回到了院子。
The video loads very quickly.【2013全国一阅读】视频载入的非常快。
短语：a load of等于loads of 大量
When India had not opened up its markets to the world, I carried suitcase loads of dark glasses and jeans.
【2014辽宁阅读】当印度还没有向世界开放市场的时候，我的手提箱里有大量的墨镜和牛仔裤。
loaf [ləʊf] n. 一个面包
local [ˈləʊkl] adj. 当地的 n. 当地人
Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders.【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅱ卷】特罗斯特还想将
当地作家介绍给当地骑手。
donations from a local newspaper.【2016上海阅读】来自当地政府的捐赠
The locals knew nothing about me.【2013江苏完形】当地人对我一无所知。
local的另一名词形式：location
local的动词形式：locatelocate [ləʊˈkeɪt] v. 找出……的位置；把……建造/设置在……；
This makes it increasingly difficult for bees and other insects to locate the flowers.【2013全国一阅读】 这使
蜜蜂和其他昆虫越来越难找出花的位置。
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. 【2014
北京阅读】Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium被建造在Flinders Street和King Street的角落。
用法：be located prep 位于……
They are mainly located in east or central Africa.【2014辽宁阅读】他们主要位于非洲的中部和东部。
location [ləʊˈkeɪʃn] n.地点，位置
the location of the Sports Center.【2013天津】体育中心的位置
lock [lɔk] n. 锁 vt.锁住
短语：lock out 把……锁在门外
Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.【2012辽宁】留一把钥匙给你的邻
居以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。
lock sb in 把某人锁在……里面
He was locked in a basement.【2014四川完形】他被锁在地下室里面。
be locked in 陷入
The car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century.【2014湖北阅读】一个世纪以
来，汽车和电梯陷入了一场秘密战争。
locust [ˈləʊkəst] n. 蝗虫
lonely [ˈləʊnlɪ] adj. 孤独的, 寂寞的；荒凉的
These jobs didn’t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city. 【2013
安徽阅读】这些工作报酬不高，人们感到孤独并对城市里的生活感到失望。
Finally he reached a lonely island which was completely cut off from the outside world.【2013山东阅读】最
后他们到了一座荒凉的岛屿，那里完全与外部世界隔绝。
易混词：alone adj. adv单独；独自
lonely的名词形式：loneliness n. 孤独，寂寞；荒凉long [lɔŋ] adj. 长的adv. 长地 v. 渴望
Scientists had long been looking for these caves.【2012福建阅读】科学家们很长时间都在寻找这些洞穴。
用法：long to do 渴望做……
My father had longed to play music since childhood.【2014福建完形】我的爸爸自从童年时就渴望演奏音
乐。
long for sth 渴望某物
He knew that he would soon have enough money for the bicycle he longed for.【2014北京完形】他知道他很
快就有足够多的钱购买他渴望的自行车。
so/as long as 只要…… （连词）；和……一样长
Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficulty
as long as we don't lose heart.【2013上海】尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害，但只要不灰心，我们终会克
服暂时的困难。
no longer= not any longer 不再
She no longer liked her job as a teacher.【2013全国二阅读】她不再喜欢老师这个工作了。
long before很久以前
I had a problem long before I knew it.【2013浙江阅读】很久以前我就知道我有一个问题。
before long 不久以后
You may start out slow, but before long you're pretty quick.【2012四川阅读】你可能开始的时候很慢，但
是不久之后就会很快了。
look [lʊk] v. 看；看起来 n. 表情；看
Your daughter is at the age when she's trying to look beautiful.【2013上海阅读】你的女儿正处于一个努力
使自己看上去更漂亮的年龄。
The professor could tell by the cold look in Maris's eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.
【2015浙江】教授可以从Maris眼中那茫然的表情判断出该讲座她一个字都听不懂。
look at 看，阅读；
We found that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions. 【2015湖南
阅读】我们发现东方人和西方人看不同的面部特点来阅读面部表情。
look after （等于take care of）照顾；照看，料理Four days later Ann was still looking after the dog.【2014山东阅读】四天后安还在照顾那个狗狗。
If asked to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.【2013江西】如果被他人要求照看
行李请立刻报警。
look ahead 向前看，展望未来
Keep looking ahead so that you can give the driver lots of warning before having to make a turn, or you’ll have
to move to the back seat.【2012 四川阅读】不停地向前看这样你就可以在不得不转弯之前给司机一些告
示
look around/round：环顾四周；
Sofia looked around at all the faces.【2014浙江阅读】Sofia环顾四周的面孔。
look back 回顾
Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation.【2012北京阅读】回顾
过去的十年，有许多可以被称之为妥协的东西。
look down on 看不起
He looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received
from the government.【2015北京阅读】他看不起18世纪的牛津大学，那里的老师以政府的收入为生。
look up to 仰视，尊敬
Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them.【2013上海阅读】父母
和教练都是强大的老师因为儿童通常很尊敬他们。
look for 寻找
She looked for its owner B. She gave it to Ann as a gift.【2014山东阅读】她寻找它的主人。
look forward to (doing)期盼，盼望
I looked forward to the return journey.【2015全国一阅读】我期待着返程之旅。
look on 旁观
At that time I didn’t realize my wife was looking on.【2014重庆阅读】那个时候我并不认为我的妻子在旁
观。
look into 调查；朝……里面看
It is reported that the police will soon look into the case of the two missing children.【2014 江西】 据报道警
方正在调查两个儿童的失踪案。
I looked into the eyes of a stranger.【2012安徽完形】我看着陌生人的眼睛。
look through/ go through 翻阅，翻查
I have looked through all my papers but I still can't find my notes.【2012全国二阅读】我已经查阅了所有的试卷，但是仍然没有找到我的笔记。
look up:在（书、计算机中）查找；向上看；
The old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.【2014福建阅读】 老人
眼中充满爱意的抬头看着Tenyson，并且朝他笑了笑。
I often look up the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the internet.【2015四川】我经常在字典和互联
网上查找我不认识的单词。
look out 找出；朝……外面看
Then she reached inside her blouse, looked out her remaining money, and handed it to the conductor. 【2013
重庆完形】然后她把手伸进了口袋找出剩余的钱，之后递给了售票员。
look over浏览
Harrison looks over the samples and grades each one on its appearance.【2012上海阅读】Harrison浏览了这
些样品并给他们的外表打分。
look to 依靠，指望
Actually，we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.【2014重庆阅读】我们经常依靠
我们的行为弄明白我们是谁。
loose [luːs] adj. 松的，不严谨的
If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and
confused.【2015北京阅读】如果演讲的结构是不严谨的且困惑的，那么很有可能你的思维也是紊乱和
困惑的。
lorry [ˈlɔrɪ] n. 大卡车
lose [luːz] vt. 输掉；损失，失去，丢失；
She might lose her teaching job.【2013浙江阅读】她可能失去教师的工作。
He lost the game. 他输掉了比赛
Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom, but for businesses it is more about whether to
make or lose money.【2012陕西阅读】其他人会说穿什么是个人自由，但是对于公司而言这更多是关于
挣钱还是亏钱。用法：lose weight减肥
However hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.【2012湖南】不
管你多么努力，很难在不减少摄入量的情况下减肥。
lose one’s way/bearings 迷路，迷失方向
Because we do not rest, we lose our way.【2013湖北阅读】因为我们没有休息，我们迷失了方向。
lose的名词形式为loss
lose的形容词形式为：lost
lost [lɔst] adj. 迷路的；迷茫，不知所措; 丢失的；全神贯注的；（时间、机会）浪费的，
错过的；
After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team was rescued four days later.【2015上海】在暴风雨
中迷路四天之后，一个海军队员被营救了
An artist discovered by chance a long lost antique Greek vase.【2013湖北】一个艺术家偶然发现早就丢失
的古陶瓷。
He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in strange city.【2014全国一阅读】他向
警方报了案然后坐在那儿，在陌生的城市里他感到不知所措和孤独。
children are getting lost in computer games.【2012湖南阅读】孩子们在全神贯注地玩游戏。
In the next part, the author would most probably discuss with you how to make up for the lost time. 【2013江
苏阅读】在接下来的部分，作者非常有可能和你讨论如何弥补被浪费的时光。
be lost for words （因惊讶、难过）说不出话来
Even the best writers find themselves lost for words.【2015浙江】甚至最好的作家发现他们自己说不出话
来。
loss [lɔs] n.失去，丧失；损失
Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.【2014福建阅读】成功就
是在不失去激情的情况下经历一场又一场的失败。
Listening to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers.【2015湖南】在摇滚音乐
会上听很大的音乐会导致青少年的受损。
be at a loss 困惑，不知所措Willy is at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success.【2015山东阅读】Willy对于他的失败不知所措。
lot [lɔt] n. 许多 短语：a lot of 许多……
loud [laʊd] adj. 大声的; adv. 等于loudly 大声地
When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy wept a little.【2012江苏阅读】当我们一起
在课堂上大声读故事的结尾的时候，我们班最坚强的孩子都哭了。
Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.【2013上海阅读】
如果年青人每天暴露在大声的音乐下，他们会有失聪的风险。
loudspeaker [laʊdˈspiːkə] n. 扬声器，喇叭
lounge [laʊndʒ] n. 休息厅；休息室
love [lʌv] n. vt. 爱；
lovely [ˈlʌvlɪ] adj. 可爱的
low [ləʊ] adj. adv. 低，矮
lower [ˈləʊə] v. 降低 adj. 更低的
Many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise chances of
recovering from a heart attack.【2015全国一阅读】许多研究表明宠物的陪伴可以降低血压和增加从心脏
病发作的恢复。
They have lower blood pressure.【2015全国一阅读】他们有更低的血压。
luck [lʌk] n. 运气 luck的形容词形式：lucky [ˈlʌkɪ] adj. 运气好的
luggage [ˈlʌɡɪdʒ] n. (总称)行李
lunch [lʌntʃ] n. 午餐，午饭lung [lʌŋ] n. 肺；肺脏
高考核心词汇与练习---L
1． lack n. 缺乏；短缺 v. 没有；缺乏；不足
( 1) He was got a bad headache for / through lack of sleep.因缺乏睡眠他患上了严重的头痛。
( 2) Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _____ of exercise.
A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand
( 3) Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
2． lay v. 放置；搁；下（蛋）；产（卵）
( 1) One day while we were①________ (躺) on the grass, he ②________ (对……撒谎) to me that he
③________ (放置) the eggs that the hen had just ④________ (下蛋) on the table. I knew he was telling a
⑤________ (谎言).
( 2) The table still _____ where I _____ it a few days before.
A. lay; lay B. laid; had laid C. lay; had laid D. was lying; had laid
( 3) It’s raining outside. Please wipe your shoes on the carpet ______ in the hall before coming in.
A. lay B. laid C. lied D. lain
3． likely a. 可能要发生的；可能属实的 ad. 可能
( 1) A: I’m likely to be very busy tomorrow.
B: ______________________I will be busy tomorrow.
( 2) Next after coffee, Americans are _____ to drink cola drinks, such as Coke or Pepsi, or other soft drinks.
A. possible B. likely C. probable D. as well
( 3) There are few electronic applications _____ to raise fears regarding future employment opportunities than
robots.
A. likely B. more likely C. most likely D. much likely
( 4)People are encouraged to speak openly，but careless words are to hurt others’ feelings.
A．possible B．probable
C．likely D．sure
4． live v. 住；居住 a. 活的；现场直播的( 1) He failed to ___________________ (辜负) his parents’ expectation.
( 2) He has __________________ (经历) two world wars.他经历了两次世界大战。
( 3) People in the north ______ chiefly _____ wheat.
A. live; on B. eat; on C. live; by D. have; with
( 4) You should _____ what your parents expect of you.
A. live up to B. stand up to C. look up to D. run up to
5． latter a． 后者的n. 后者
(1) I invited Tom and Mary to my birthday party. ___________ is 15 years old and ________16.我邀请了
汤姆和玛丽来参加我的生日晚会。前者（汤姆）15岁，后者（玛丽）16岁。
(2) Of your two examples, I prefer the ______.
A. late B. later C. latest D. latter
(3) Our suggestion is to have a picnic in the park, the other is to go to the Museum of Folk Arts, Personally, I
prefer the ______.
A. last B. next C. later D. latter
6． limit n． 限度；限制 v. 限制；限定
( 1) Families are limited ________ four free tickets each.每户限发四张免费票。
( 2) —Is there any ______ to the time that I can stay here?
—Yes, you must leave here before he comes back.
A. number B. length C. limit D. matter
( 3) In the zoo, the number of visitors is tightly ______ to avoid putting stress on the animals.
A. limited B. encouraged C. expected D. intended
7． loss n． 丧失；损失；亏损
( 1) He was ___________(茫然不知所措) what to do.
(2) He was at a ______ what to say to the teacher’s question — obviously he was _____ in thought just now.
A. loss; losing B. loss; lost C. losing; lost D. lost; loss
(3) The loss has not yet been _____ accurately, but it’s believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
A. calculated B. considered C. completed D. controlled
8． look forward to期待；盼望
(1)When I was a child，I was always looking forward to _______________ (come) to China.
(2)I’m going to Beijing during the summer holidays，and I’m to seeing all of you there very much.
A．wanting B．eager
C．looking forward D．anxious(3)The day we were looking forward to at last.
A．arriving B．came C．appear D．ends
9．leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(1)His parents died，_______________________. 他父母双亡，使他成了孤儿。
(2)They started out hurriedly，____________ the dishes ____________ (untouch).
(3)When he came back，he found the bag he had over the seat was gone.
A．left to hang B．left hanging
C．left hung D．to leave hanging
(4)—Mummy，can I put the peaches in the cupboard?
—No，dear.You can’t them good.Put them in the fridge instead.
A．leave B．fit C．get D．last
10．lead to导致，造成(后果)(cause，result in，bring about)；通向
(1) Carefulness ____________________________( 导 致 ) success while failure may
______________________(由……引起) carelessness.
(2)The good result the correct methods，that is to say，correct methods good result.
A．lies；lead B．leads to；lie in
C．lies in；lead to D．lies to；lead to
(3)We strongly believe that war never settles anything.It only violence.
A．runs into B．comes from
C．leads to D．begins with
11．leave out删掉；漏掉；不理会，忽视；不受欢迎
(1) It’s high time we ___________ (动身去) the airport.
(2)You can ____________the details；just give us the main facts.
(3)The teacher stressed again that the students should not any important details while retelling the
story.
A．bring out B．let out
C．leave out D．make out
(4)—How did feel to run 3,000 metres at the sports meeting?
—Terrible！Especially when I saw I was left so far by the others.
A．that；alone B．it；alone
C．that；behind D．it；behind
12．look back on/at回顾
(1)用look的相关短语完成下面的情景
I have been ①____________ seeing my husband in the past two weeks.But he was busy
②_____________ a murder with another two policemen.As a policeman ， he even
③_______________his work ④________ life.When I was ⑤________________today’s newspaper，I
came across a photo of a hero.It was my husband.How proud I felt of him!(2)—Why is that old man smiling?
—Perhaps he is his childhood.
A．looking into B．looking back on
C．looking ahead D．looking through
(3)It is reported that the police will soon the case of the two missing children.
A．look upon B．look after
C．look into D．look out
13．leave...behind把……抛在后面；留下；忘带
(1) Please leave my personal affairs alone. 请别管我的私事。
(2)Don’t leave your coat behind!
(3)—Are you going to have a holiday this year?
—I’d love to.I can’t wait to leave this place .
A．off B．out
C．behind D．over
(4)It’s unnatural for a mother to leave her child to enjoy herself.
A．alone B．lonely
C．lone D．loneliness
14．let down放下；使失望；辜负；不支持；拆台
(1) My mom would not let me ________ so late at night.我妈妈不让我在晚上那么晚去。
(2)I hardly had time to think these days，let ________ relax. 我现在几乎都没时间思考，更不用说休
息了。
(3)He won’t let you ________；he’s very reliable.他不会让我失望，他很可靠。
(4)We’ve been so many times by the importers，who always seem to be late delivering the goods.
A．let alone B．let out
C．let off D．let down
(5)He accidentally that he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of
weeks.
A．let out B．took care
C．made sure D．made out
15．let out放出；发出；泄露(秘密等)；把(衣服)改大
(1) Don’t let go of the rope. 别松开绳子。
(2)Throwing their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
伴随着获胜队的粉丝们胜利的欢呼声，大家都将帽子抛向了空中。
(3)He accidentally that he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of
weeks.
A．let out B．took care
C．made sure D．made out(4)Don’t any detail in your account even if a word.
A．let out B．take care
C．make sure D．make out
16．lose heart丧失信心；泄气
(1) She ______________________(爱上) the handsome soldier when they met for the first time.
(2)As a matter of fact，nothing is too difficult if you ________________________(全神贯注) it.
(3)She said that we shouldn’t in time of difficulties and that we should be hopeful.
A．lose heart B．lose hearts
C．lose our hearts D．lose the heart
(4)Though the girl hasn’t lost heart to him，he hasn’t lost heart.
A．her；/ B．the；his
C．/；his D．her；the
17．look on...as把……看作；把……视为
(1)I ________it ________an honour to be invited.
(2)I it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price
for their products.
A．make B．look
C．take D．think
(3)We Hawaii the best place for our summer holiday.
A．consider B．regard
C．think about D．think of
18．live with和……一起生活；忍受(不愉快的事情)
(1)He has lived ___________ (经历) two world wars.
(2)Now our monthly income is more than enough __________ (以……为生).
(3)She still lives _________ (和……生活) her parents after she got married.
(4)He managed to the earthquake which killed many people.(2012·贵阳统考)
A．live through B．live on
C．be survived D．be alive
(5)It was difficult when she first lost her hearing，but she has learned to it.
A．live on B．live to
C．live with D．live by
19．lay off裁员，解雇
(1)The car manufacturer has 1,000 workers because of the drop in sales.
A．picked out B．given up
C．dealt with D．laid off
(2)In the global financial crisis some US firms plan to workers by the thousands.
A．lay in B．lay offC．lay down D．lay aside
