Unit4 History and Traditions
词汇
1．Confucius n．孔子
2．individual adj.单独的；个别的n．个人
3．chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的n．(公司或机构的)首领；酋长
4．nearby adj.附近的；邻近的adv.在附近
5．legal adj.法律的；合法的
6．battle n．战役；搏斗vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗
7．port n．港口(城市)
8．charge n．收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电
9．amount n．金额；数量
10．approach n．方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近
11．ensure vt.保证；确保；担保
12．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
13．position n．位置；姿态；职位
14．snack n．点心；小吃
15．eager adj.热切的；渴望的
16．county n．(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县
17．feast n．盛宴；宴会；节日
18．roll vi.& vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动n．卷(轴)；翻滚
19．dot n．点；小(圆)点 vt.加点；遍布
20．cattle n．牛
21．roar vi.& n．吼叫；咆哮
22．ocean n．大海；海洋
23．greet vt.问候；迎接
24．pub n．酒吧；酒馆
25．wine n．葡萄酒；果酒
词性转换
1．puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人困惑的→puzzled adj.感到困惑的
2．defence n．防御；保卫→defend v．防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御的；保护的
3．legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的
4．surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．周围的环境
5．evidence n．证据；证明→evident adj.明显的
6．achievement n．成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到；实现
7．location n．地方；地点；位置→locate vt.位于；找……的位置
8．fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v．使……入迷，迷住→fascinated adj.着迷的9．announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n．宣布；通知→announcer n．广播员；解说员
10．poet n．诗人→poem n．诗歌→poetry n．诗歌(总称)
11．striking adj.引人注目的；显著的→strike vt.打击；攻击；打动 n．罢工
12．crowd n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
短语
1. belong to 属于
2. as well as 同(一样也); 和; 还
3. in defence (of. . . ) 为了保卫(……)
defend. . . from/against. . . 防御/保卫……以免受……
4. surround. . . with. . . 用……包围……
be surrounded with/by. . . 被……包围/环绕
5. a sense of achievement 成就感
make an achievement 取得成就
achieve one ’s goal 达到目的
6. break away (from sb. /sth. ) 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱
break down损坏; 发生故障; 垮掉; 失败; 分解
break into 破门而入
break out(战争)爆发; (火灾)突然发生
break up 结束; (关系)破裂; 驱散; 解散
break through 突破
break off 折断; 中止, 中断
7. in charge (of. . . )主管/看管/负责(……)
take charge of. . . 负责/看管……
in/under the charge of. . . =in one ’s charge 在……的掌管之下
free of charge 免费
charge(sb. )for sth. 为……(向某人)收费/要价
charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事
8. announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣告某事
It is announced that. . . 据宣布……
make an announcement宣布
9. a large amount of/large amounts of 大量的
in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地10. (an) approach to (doing) sth. 接近, 近似; (做某事)的方法(途径)
with. . . approaching 在某事/物快到的时候
at the approach of在……快到的时候
11. be eager for. . . =long for; desire for 渴望……
be eager to do. . . = long to do sth. ; desire to do sth.渴望做某事
12. a crowd of 一大群; 许多的
the crowd 人群
crowd into 涌入; 挤入
be crowded with 挤满了; 充满
13. be generous to/towards sb. 对某人宽宏大量
be generous with用……很大方
14. 1. join. . . to. . . 把……和……连接或联结起来
15. keep your eyes open(for) 留心; 留意
16. a little bit 一点
17. result in 导致
18. refer to 提到; 涉及
19. work together 合作
20. take over 接管
21. leave behind 留下
22. date back to 追溯
23. fix one ’s eyes on 集中注意力于
24. have an influence on 对……有影响
25. have a long history 有悠久历史
26. be dotted with 点缀着
27. make up 构成; 组成
28. introduce oneself 自我介绍
29. be likely to 可能
句式
1．省略句式
So what is the difference between them，if any?
2．动名词短语作主语
Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.3．the way作先行词，后跟省略了that/in which引导的定语从句
They introduced the beginnings of the English language，and changed the way people built houses．
4．have＋宾语＋过去分词(短语)
They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.
5．make＋宾语＋宾补
Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable．
1．现在分词短语作状语
Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all，offering something for each of the senses．
2．with复合结构
The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its
rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle．
3．It is/was＋n./adj.＋to do/that从句
With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music，
dancing，and dining.
教材话题题型综合训练
词性转换（一）
1． n．大笔的钱；巨款→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→[反义词] unfortunate
adj.不幸的
2． adj.约定的；指定的→appoint v．任命；委派→appointment n．任命；约会
3． adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.痛苦的，苦的→bitterness n．苦味，痛苦
4． adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.痛苦的，苦的→bitterness n．苦味，苦难
5． adj.感到不好意思的；难为情的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的
6． v．(卷着的东西)展开；打开→[反义词] fold v．折叠；对折
7． n．地点；位置→locate v．位于；确定……的位置
8． n．周围的事物；环境→surround vt.围绕；环绕→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
9． n．个性；性格→personal adj.个人的→personally adv.就自己而言
词性转换（二）
10．minority n. 少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人→ adj. 较小的；次要的→ adj. 主
要的 vi. 主修→ n. 大多数
11．depth n. 最深处；深（度）；深刻；深厚→ adj. 深的；深厚的→ adv. 极其；至深
处；强烈地12．surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的→ v. 包围；围绕→ n. 环境
13．harmony n. 融洽，和睦；和谐→ adj. 和谐的
14．consumption n. 消耗，消耗量；消费→ v. 消耗；消费→ n. 消费者；顾客，客户
15．starve vi. & vt.（使）挨饿，（使）饿死→ n. 挨饿；饿死
16．departure n. 离开，起程→ v. 离开；起程；背离
17．possession n. 私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有→ v. 具有，拥有
18．envy n. & vt. 羡慕，忌妒→ adj. 羡慕的；嫉妒的
词性转换（三）
19．initially adv.最初→ adj.开始的，最初的
20．crowded adj.拥挤的→ n．人群
21．fail v．失败→ n．失败
22．psychology n．心理学；心理；心理影响→ n．心理学家
23．thrilled adj.非常兴奋的→ n．惊险，刺激 v．使兴奋
24．oxygenize vt. 使氧化→ n. 氧气
25．confirmable adj. 可证实的；可确定的→ vt. 确认；确定
26．sheerly adv. 完全地；全然地→ adj. 绝对的；透明的
词性转换（四）
27．extension n. 扩大；延伸→ v. 持续，延伸；扩展
28．disabled adj. 残疾的→ n. 残疾，残障
29．sense n. 感官；感觉→ adj. 敏感的，容易生气的
30．generosity n. 慷慨，大方→ adj. 慷慨的，大方的
31．hesitation n. 迟疑，犹豫→ v. 迟疑，犹豫
32．assist v. 帮助，援助→ n. 帮助，援助
33．institute vt. 开始（调查）；制定；创立→ n. 制度；建立；机构
34．confirm vt. 确认；确定；证实→ n. 确认；证实；证明
完成句子
35．To be frank, I won’t have (我的时间被占用) with useless discussion.(用非谓语动词作宾
补)
36．Before long, the young violinist (围绕) with people, who were all attracted by the
words on that paper.
37．The person is my headteacher (致力于教学).38．Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to our marriage. (用break的相关短
语填空)
39．He could have made a good pilot but his drinking habit was his (致命的弱点).
40．The boy (逃脱) his mother and ran away.
41．Didn’t you ever look at the messages (张贴) the bulletin board?
42．He was Thomas Clap, (一位深受尊敬的睿智的校长) in Yale history.
43．I want to (做头发).
44．According to our forecast, there’ll be some days of heavy rain (伴随着劲风) in the week ahead.
阅读理解
East Yorkshire has typical unpredictable British weather. So here are some ideas to keep everybody happy
when the weather is not the most ideal.
William’s Den
The outdoor and indoor areas are suitable for children of all ages to have fun. There are nests to explore, rope
bridges to cross, a tree-house and a slide. The attached kitchen provides fresh food made from locally sourced
ingredients, serving a selection of treats.
East Riding Leisure Centres
Known for a fun learner pool alongside an incredible fun zone with two slides as well, it is perfect for kids to
find their feet in the water, have fun and explore. Its 6climbing walls offer a different challenge on each. This place
is suitable for anyone over the age of 4 and you can refuel at cafe with fresh food, snacks and cakes.
Sewerby Hall and Gardens
When the weather’s not sure, take cover in the hall and learn how life was in the early 1900’s for the
residents and workers of the house. Then explore the zoo and meet the pigs, parrots and penguins! Kids of all ages
are welcome.
Withernse a Lighthouse
There’s no limitation to the age of kids to climb Withernse a Lighthouse, which is144 steps to the top, with
full views of the East Yorkshire Coast at the top of it. Enjoy the museum on the ground floor and learn what life is
like working and living in a lighthouse.
45．Where can kids enjoy food?
A．In William’s Den and Sewerby Hall and Gardens.
B．In William’s Den and East Riding Leisure Centres.
C．In East Riding Leisure Centres and Withernse a Lighthouse.D．In Sewerby Hall and Gardens and Withernse a Lighthouse.
46．Which place is unsuitable for kids at the age of three?
A．William’s Den. B．Withernse a Lighthouse.
C．Sewerby Hall and Gardens. D．East Riding Leisure Centres.
47．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To introduce places for children. B．To share some ideas of learning.
C．To show the importance of playing. D．To advise parents to stay with kids more.
七选五
Tired of having the same old travel experiences that leave you feeling unfulfilled ( 失 望 的 ) and
disconnected? Mindful travel is offering a new way to explore the world that is meaningful and sustainable.
Mindful travel is a concept that encourages individuals to fully dive into the present moment while exploring
new destinations. Individuals are aware of their surroundings, engaging all the senses, and enjoying the beauty of
each experience. 48
Mindful travel is not just about the destination but also the journey. The goal is to create a positive impact on
both individuals and the world around them. 49 It is an opportunity for people to positively contribute to
the world.
Mindful travel provides an opportunity to disconnect from the stresses of everyday life. 50
Whether it’s wandering through a busy market, hiking in nature, or simply sitting by the ocean, it allows us to let go
of our worries and fully enjoy the beauty of our surroundings.
51 By stepping out of our comfort zones and experiencing new cultures, we gain a fresh viewpoint
on life. We become more open-minded, adaptable, and caring. Through interactions with locals and fellow
travelers, we learn about different ways of life and develop a greater understanding of the world.
Mindful travel also has a positive impact on the destinations we visit. Mindful travelers are aware of their
impact on the environment. 52 By choosing eco-friendly accommodations, supporting local businesses,
and respecting cultural traditions, we can ensure that our travels leave a green footprint.
A．They can deeply appreciate the surroundings through it.
B．Mindful travel promotes self-reflection and personal growth.
C．When traveling, we often leave behind our routines and duties.
D．Mindful travel positively impacts our mental and physical well-being.
E．The demands of daily responsibilities often leave little time for self-care.
F．They try to reduce waste, conserve resources, and support sustainable initiatives.G．It’s about being mindful of one’s actions and how they affect others and the environment.
完形填空
Steve and Mark were good friends. They decided to spend their vacation in Haiti. Since they couldn’t 53
French, they took a French wordbook with them and hoped it would help them in difficult situations.
The flight was 54 , and the hotel was very comfortable. Each day after breakfast, Steve and Mark
packed the picnic lunch and dinner and went off to visit interesting places. After a few days, the boys became 55
of eating picnic meals and decided to eat a big fish dinner in a good restaurant. Unfortunately, they left their
wordbook in the hotel.
They 56 the menu carefully. After ten minutes, Steve said to Mark, “I don’t understand this
menu.” “Neither do I,” said Mark. “I see poison on the menu. Are they 57 here?” “Maybe. They even
spelled poison 58 . They spelled it p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃s⁃o⁃n instead of p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃o⁃n. But it must mean the same thing.
Maybe we should go to another restaurant. I don’t 59 to eat something that will kill me.” But Mark was
60 , so he said, “There is no other restaurant near here, and I’m tired of walking around the city. Let’s order
something else instead. It’s 61 here, so the food must be good.”
The boys looked at the menu again. They finally decided to order steak, 62 they really wanted
fish. The boys just pointed to the word steak, and the waiter understood.
As they were eating, they 63 some tourists speaking English. “This 64 is delicious.
We’re lucky we have picked a restaurant that’s famous for its fish.”
Steve and Mark wondered what they discovered. “Famous for its fish? There was no fish on the 65
!” said Mark.
Finally, Steve decided to find out what all this was about. “Excuse me, how did you order fish when it wasn’t
on the menu?” “Sure it’s on the menu. It’s right here. Poisson.” The boys shouted, “Poisson. That’s poison! We
were 66 why a restaurant like this could have poison on the menu.”
The tourists 67 , and one of them said, “No. Poisson is French for fish.”
53．A．speak B．inspect C．teach D．demand
54．A．terrible B．straight C．quick D．excellent
55．A．tired B．frightened C．grateful D．fond
56．A．studied B．learnt C．remembered D．observed
57．A．familiar B．crazy C．confident D．official
58．A．fluently B．wrongly C．simply D．natively
59．A．want B．recognize C．request D．recover60．A．scared B．equal C．tired D．endangered
61．A．active B．comfortable C．peaceful D．crowded
62．A．since B．although C．unless D．because
63．A．found B．sensed C．noticed D．heard
64．A．steak B．insect C．fruit D．fish
65．A．table B．menu C．show D．track
66．A．determining B．wondering C．expressing D．admitting
67．A．stopped B．shocked C．laughed D．shouted
单句语法填空
68．A month later I went to Spain. A Spanish teacher (call) Paula came and began the test.
69．Meat (label) “Scotch Beef” sells well in the market.
70．When he woke up in the hospital, he found himself (surround) by doctors and nurses.
71．People have given a new 3D-printed shell to a turtle (injure) in a forest fire.
72．The poor lady had her money (steal) on the bus when coming home.
73．Dressed in her fine clothes, the adorable girl successfully made herself (notice) in the party.
74．The oldest (evident) of noodles was from 4,000 years ago in China.
75．Michael noticed the little boy spinning the basketball around to keep himself (entertain).
76．All of a sudden, he realised he had had the letter to Mike wrongly (address).
77．At night, the heat (absorb) by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating a comfortable
temperature inside.
78．The thieves （seize） by the policemen were taken to the police station.
79．Dr Lin Qiaozhi graduated from PUMC with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize (give) to
graduates.
80．Before we going out, we should have our shoes (polish).
81．Please (sure) that all lights are switched off when you leave the office.
82．It seems that emojis have clear advantages over (write) language.
语篇填空
Wuhan is the capital of Hubei province, and it is the most populous city in 83 (center) China. It lies
at the east of Jianghan Plain, and the intersection of the Changjiang River and Han River. Consisting of the three
towns, Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang, Wuhan is known 84 “thorough fares of nine provinces”; It is a
major transportation hub, with dozens of railways, roads and expressways 85 (pass) through the city. NowWuhan 86 (recognize) as the political, economic, financial, cultural, educational and transportation center
of central China.
The East Lake has a vast expanse of water, 87 is largest natural lake in Chinese cities and a famous
national scenic spot. The Yellow Crane Tower is assumed 88 (build) first in approximately 220 AD．It has
a strong historic culture with many poets writing pretty poems for it.
Hot and Dry Noodles 89 (consist) of long freshly boiled noodles mixed with sesame paste. It is
considered to be the 90 (typical) local food for breakfast. Duck’s Neck is 91 local version of this
popular Chinese dish, made of duck necks and spices. Bean Pan (Doupi) is a popular local dish with a filling of
egg, rice, beef, and beans, 92 (structure) like a pizza without enclosing edges. Soup dumpling (Tangbao)
is a kind of dumpling with thin skin made of flour, steamed with very juicy meat inside.
应用文书信写作
假定你是李华，你校计划举行研学游活动，校英文报现面向全体学生征求研学地点。请你推荐一个并说明
理由，内容包括：
1.推荐地点；
2.说明理由。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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