Unit4 History and Traditions
词汇
1．Confucius n．孔子
2．individual adj.单独的；个别的n．个人
3．chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的n．(公司或机构的)首领；酋长
4．nearby adj.附近的；邻近的adv.在附近
5．legal adj.法律的；合法的
6．battle n．战役；搏斗vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗
7．port n．港口(城市)
8．charge n．收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电
9．amount n．金额；数量
10．approach n．方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近
11．ensure vt.保证；确保；担保
12．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
13．position n．位置；姿态；职位
14．snack n．点心；小吃
15．eager adj.热切的；渴望的
16．county n．(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县
17．feast n．盛宴；宴会；节日
18．roll vi.& vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动n．卷(轴)；翻滚
19．dot n．点；小(圆)点 vt.加点；遍布
20．cattle n．牛
21．roar vi.& n．吼叫；咆哮
22．ocean n．大海；海洋
23．greet vt.问候；迎接
24．pub n．酒吧；酒馆
25．wine n．葡萄酒；果酒
词性转换
1．puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人困惑的→puzzled adj.感到困惑的
2．defence n．防御；保卫→defend v．防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御的；保护的
3．legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的
4．surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．周围的环境
5．evidence n．证据；证明→evident adj.明显的
6．achievement n．成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到；实现
7．location n．地方；地点；位置→locate vt.位于；找……的位置
8．fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v．使……入迷，迷住→fascinated adj.着迷的9．announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n．宣布；通知→announcer n．广播员；解说员
10．poet n．诗人→poem n．诗歌→poetry n．诗歌(总称)
11．striking adj.引人注目的；显著的→strike vt.打击；攻击；打动 n．罢工
12．crowd n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
短语
1. belong to 属于
2. as well as 同(一样也); 和; 还
3. in defence (of. . . ) 为了保卫(……)
defend. . . from/against. . . 防御/保卫……以免受……
4. surround. . . with. . . 用……包围……
be surrounded with/by. . . 被……包围/环绕
5. a sense of achievement 成就感
make an achievement 取得成就
achieve one ’s goal 达到目的
6. break away (from sb. /sth. ) 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱
break down损坏; 发生故障; 垮掉; 失败; 分解
break into 破门而入
break out(战争)爆发; (火灾)突然发生
break up 结束; (关系)破裂; 驱散; 解散
break through 突破
break off 折断; 中止, 中断
7. in charge (of. . . )主管/看管/负责(……)
take charge of. . . 负责/看管……
in/under the charge of. . . =in one ’s charge 在……的掌管之下
free of charge 免费
charge(sb. )for sth. 为……(向某人)收费/要价
charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事
8. announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣告某事
It is announced that. . . 据宣布……
make an announcement宣布
9. a large amount of/large amounts of 大量的
in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地10. (an) approach to (doing) sth. 接近, 近似; (做某事)的方法(途径)
with. . . approaching 在某事/物快到的时候
at the approach of在……快到的时候
11. be eager for. . . =long for; desire for 渴望……
be eager to do. . . = long to do sth. ; desire to do sth.渴望做某事
12. a crowd of 一大群; 许多的
the crowd 人群
crowd into 涌入; 挤入
be crowded with 挤满了; 充满
13. be generous to/towards sb. 对某人宽宏大量
be generous with用……很大方
14. 1. join. . . to. . . 把……和……连接或联结起来
15. keep your eyes open(for) 留心; 留意
16. a little bit 一点
17. result in 导致
18. refer to 提到; 涉及
19. work together 合作
20. take over 接管
21. leave behind 留下
22. date back to 追溯
23. fix one ’s eyes on 集中注意力于
24. have an influence on 对……有影响
25. have a long history 有悠久历史
26. be dotted with 点缀着
27. make up 构成; 组成
28. introduce oneself 自我介绍
29. be likely to 可能
句式
1．省略句式
So what is the difference between them，if any?
2．动名词短语作主语
Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.3．the way作先行词，后跟省略了that/in which引导的定语从句
They introduced the beginnings of the English language，and changed the way people built houses．
4．have＋宾语＋过去分词(短语)
They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.
5．make＋宾语＋宾补
Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable．
1．现在分词短语作状语
Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all，offering something for each of the senses．
2．with复合结构
The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its
rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle．
3．It is/was＋n./adj.＋to do/that从句
With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music，
dancing，and dining.
教材话题题型综合训练
词性转换（一）
1． n．大笔的钱；巨款→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→[反义词] unfortunate
adj.不幸的
2． adj.约定的；指定的→appoint v．任命；委派→appointment n．任命；约会
3． adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.痛苦的，苦的→bitterness n．苦味，痛苦
4． adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.痛苦的，苦的→bitterness n．苦味，苦难
5． adj.感到不好意思的；难为情的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的
6． v．(卷着的东西)展开；打开→[反义词] fold v．折叠；对折
7． n．地点；位置→locate v．位于；确定……的位置
8． n．周围的事物；环境→surround vt.围绕；环绕→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
9． n．个性；性格→personal adj.个人的→personally adv.就自己而言
【答案】1．fortune 2．appointed 3．bitterly 4．bitterly 5．ashamed 6．unfold 7．
location 8．surroundings 9．personality
词性转换（二）
10．minority n. 少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人→ adj. 较小的；次要的→ adj. 主
要的 vi. 主修→ n. 大多数11．depth n. 最深处；深（度）；深刻；深厚→ adj. 深的；深厚的→ adv. 极其；至深
处；强烈地
12．surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的→ v. 包围；围绕→ n. 环境
13．harmony n. 融洽，和睦；和谐→ adj. 和谐的
14．consumption n. 消耗，消耗量；消费→ v. 消耗；消费→ n. 消费者；顾客，客户
15．starve vi. & vt.（使）挨饿，（使）饿死→ n. 挨饿；饿死
16．departure n. 离开，起程→ v. 离开；起程；背离
17．possession n. 私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有→ v. 具有，拥有
18．envy n. & vt. 羡慕，忌妒→ adj. 羡慕的；嫉妒的
【答案】10． minor major majority 11． deep deeply 12． surround
surroundings 13．harmonious 14． consume consumer 15．starvation 16．depart
17．possess 18．envious
词性转换（三）
19．initially adv.最初→ adj.开始的，最初的
20．crowded adj.拥挤的→ n．人群
21．fail v．失败→ n．失败
22．psychology n．心理学；心理；心理影响→ n．心理学家
23．thrilled adj.非常兴奋的→ n．惊险，刺激 v．使兴奋
24．oxygenize vt. 使氧化→ n. 氧气
25．confirmable adj. 可证实的；可确定的→ vt. 确认；确定
26．sheerly adv. 完全地；全然地→ adj. 绝对的；透明的
【答案】19．initial 20．crowd 21．failure 22．psychologist 23．thrill 24．oxygen
25．confirm 26．sheer
词性转换（四）
27．extension n. 扩大；延伸→ v. 持续，延伸；扩展
28．disabled adj. 残疾的→ n. 残疾，残障
29．sense n. 感官；感觉→ adj. 敏感的，容易生气的
30．generosity n. 慷慨，大方→ adj. 慷慨的，大方的
31．hesitation n. 迟疑，犹豫→ v. 迟疑，犹豫
32．assist v. 帮助，援助→ n. 帮助，援助33．institute vt. 开始（调查）；制定；创立→ n. 制度；建立；机构
34．confirm vt. 确认；确定；证实→ n. 确认；证实；证明
【答案】27．extend 28．disability 29．sensitive 30．generous 31．hesitate 32．
assistance 33．institution 34．confirmation
完成句子
35．To be frank, I won’t have (我的时间被占用) with useless discussion.(用非谓语动词作宾
补)
【答案】my time taken up
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：坦率地说，我不会让无谓的讨论占用了我的时间。根据句意及汉语提示，
本句为非谓语动词作宾补，have sth done使某事被……，“时间”翻译为time，不可数名词。“占用”为
take up，过去分词为taken up。故翻译为：my time taken up。
36．Before long, the young violinist (围绕) with people, who were all attracted by the
words on that paper.
【答案】 was surrounded
【详解】考查动词。句意：不久，这位年轻的小提琴手周围都是人，他们都被那张纸上的文字所吸引。根
据句意和中文提示可知，表示“围绕”可用动词surround，在本句中作谓语，且the young violinist与
surround为被动关系，且这里时态应与后面保持一致，应用一般过去时的被动语态，描述过去情况，主语
是单数，be动词使用was。故填was surrounded。
37．The person is my headteacher (致力于教学).
【答案】committed to teaching/devoted to teaching
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：这个人是我的校长，致力于教学。“致力于做某事”用动词
短语be committed/devoted to doing sth.表示，在句中作后置定语修饰名词my headteacher，与其逻辑主语my
headteacher之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式committed/devoted to doing作定语；“教学”用动词teach，
用动名词作介词to的宾语。故填committed/devoted to doing。
38．Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to our marriage. (用break的相关短
语填空)
【答案】break up
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：弗雷德没有给我任何急于结束我们婚姻的充分理由。结合句意可知，动词
短语break up“结束（关系等）”符合句意，be eager to do意为“急于做某事”，设空处填动词原形。故填
break up。
39．He could have made a good pilot but his drinking habit was his (致命的弱点).【答案】Achilles’ heel
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：他本可以成为一名优秀的飞行员，但他的酗酒习惯是他的致命弱点。根据
汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词短语Achilles’ heel“致命的弱点”，满足句意要求，作表语。故填Achilles’
heel。
40．The boy (逃脱) his mother and ran away.
【答案】broke away from
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：男孩挣脱母亲跑掉了。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语
break away from“摆脱”，满足句意要求，结合and连接的ran away可知，此处应为一般过去时。故填
broke away from。
41．Didn’t you ever look at the messages (张贴) the bulletin board?
【答案】posted on
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：你没看过公告牌上的留言吗？根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词短语post
on“把…张贴在…上”。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词messages。该动词短语
和修饰的名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填posted on。
42．He was Thomas Clap, (一位深受尊敬的睿智的校长) in Yale history.
【答案】a highly respected wise president
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：他就是Thomas Clap，耶鲁历史上的一位深受尊敬的睿智的校长。表示
“一位深受尊敬的睿智的校长”为名词短语a highly respected wise president，作同位语，其中形容词wise
和动词过去分词转化的形容词respected作定语，副词highly修饰形容词respected。故填a highly respected
wise president。
43．I want to (做头发).
【答案】have my hair done
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我想做头发。结合语意可知，此处表示让别人做某事，使用have sth.
done结构，want to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，所以空处应用动词原形形式，“头发”my
hair，作have的宾语，“做”do，与逻辑主语my hair之间是被动关系，使用过去分词形式done作宾语补
足语。故填have my hair done。
44．According to our forecast, there’ll be some days of heavy rain (伴随着劲风) in the week ahead.
【答案】accompanied by strong wind
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据我们的预报，未来一周将有几天大雨并伴有强风。“伴随着劲风”
作后置定语修饰名词rain；“伴随”用动词accompany，是非谓语动词，结合句意，应理解为“由……伴
随”，与其逻辑主语heavy rain之间是被动关系，用过去分词accompanied表被动，“劲风”用名词strongwind，是施动者，用介词by引出。故填accompanied by strong wind。
阅读理解
East Yorkshire has typical unpredictable British weather. So here are some ideas to keep everybody happy
when the weather is not the most ideal.
William’s Den
The outdoor and indoor areas are suitable for children of all ages to have fun. There are nests to explore, rope
bridges to cross, a tree-house and a slide. The attached kitchen provides fresh food made from locally sourced
ingredients, serving a selection of treats.
East Riding Leisure Centres
Known for a fun learner pool alongside an incredible fun zone with two slides as well, it is perfect for kids to
find their feet in the water, have fun and explore. Its 6climbing walls offer a different challenge on each. This place
is suitable for anyone over the age of 4 and you can refuel at cafe with fresh food, snacks and cakes.
Sewerby Hall and Gardens
When the weather’s not sure, take cover in the hall and learn how life was in the early 1900’s for the
residents and workers of the house. Then explore the zoo and meet the pigs, parrots and penguins! Kids of all ages
are welcome.
Withernse a Lighthouse
There’s no limitation to the age of kids to climb Withernse a Lighthouse, which is144 steps to the top, with
full views of the East Yorkshire Coast at the top of it. Enjoy the museum on the ground floor and learn what life is
like working and living in a lighthouse.
45．Where can kids enjoy food?
A．In William’s Den and Sewerby Hall and Gardens.
B．In William’s Den and East Riding Leisure Centres.
C．In East Riding Leisure Centres and Withernse a Lighthouse.
D．In Sewerby Hall and Gardens and Withernse a Lighthouse.
46．Which place is unsuitable for kids at the age of three?
A．William’s Den. B．Withernse a Lighthouse.
C．Sewerby Hall and Gardens. D．East Riding Leisure Centres.
47．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To introduce places for children. B．To share some ideas of learning.
C．To show the importance of playing. D．To advise parents to stay with kids more.【答案】45．B 46．D 47．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了东约克郡四个适合孩子游玩的地方。
45．细节理解题。 由文章William’s Den部分中“The attached kitchen provides fresh food made from locally
sourced ingredients, serving a selection of treats. (附属厨房提供新鲜的食物，从当地采购的原料，服务的选择
对待。)”和East Riding Leisure Centres部分中“This place is suitable for anyone over the age of 4 and you can
refuel at cafe with fresh food, snacks and cakes. (这个地方适合4岁以上的人，你可以在咖啡馆里吃新鲜的食
物，小吃和蛋糕。)”可知，William’s Den和East Riding Leisure Centres都提到了可以供孩子们享受食物。
故选B。
46．细节理解题。 由文章East Riding Leisure Centres部分中“This place is suitable for anyone over the age of
4 and you can refuel at cafe with fresh food, snacks and cakes. (这个地方适合4岁以上的人，你可以在咖啡馆
里吃新鲜的食物，小吃和蛋糕。)”可知，这个地方适合4岁以上的人群，因此对于3岁的孩子来说，这个
地方是不合适的。故选D。
47．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“East Yorkshire has typical unpredictable British weather.
So here are some ideas to keep everybody happy when the weather is not the most ideal. (East Yorkshire有着典型
的难以预测的英国天气。所以这里有一些主意，让大家在天气不理想的时候开心。)”可知，文章主要介绍
了几个在East Yorkshire适合儿童在不佳天气时娱乐的地点，每个地方都提供了不同类型的活动和体验。因
此，本文的目的是介绍适合儿童的地方。故选A。
七选五
Tired of having the same old travel experiences that leave you feeling unfulfilled ( 失 望 的 ) and
disconnected? Mindful travel is offering a new way to explore the world that is meaningful and sustainable.
Mindful travel is a concept that encourages individuals to fully dive into the present moment while exploring
new destinations. Individuals are aware of their surroundings, engaging all the senses, and enjoying the beauty of
each experience. 48
Mindful travel is not just about the destination but also the journey. The goal is to create a positive impact on
both individuals and the world around them. 49 It is an opportunity for people to positively contribute to
the world.
Mindful travel provides an opportunity to disconnect from the stresses of everyday life. 50
Whether it’s wandering through a busy market, hiking in nature, or simply sitting by the ocean, it allows us to let go
of our worries and fully enjoy the beauty of our surroundings.
51 By stepping out of our comfort zones and experiencing new cultures, we gain a fresh viewpointon life. We become more open-minded, adaptable, and caring. Through interactions with locals and fellow
travelers, we learn about different ways of life and develop a greater understanding of the world.
Mindful travel also has a positive impact on the destinations we visit. Mindful travelers are aware of their
impact on the environment. 52 By choosing eco-friendly accommodations, supporting local businesses,
and respecting cultural traditions, we can ensure that our travels leave a green footprint.
A．They can deeply appreciate the surroundings through it.
B．Mindful travel promotes self-reflection and personal growth.
C．When traveling, we often leave behind our routines and duties.
D．Mindful travel positively impacts our mental and physical well-being.
E．The demands of daily responsibilities often leave little time for self-care.
F．They try to reduce waste, conserve resources, and support sustainable initiatives.
G．It’s about being mindful of one’s actions and how they affect others and the environment.
【答案】48．A 49．G 50．C 51．B 52．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了用心旅行的概念以及好处。
48．根据上文“Mindful travel is a concept that encourages individuals to fully dive into the present moment
while exploring new destinations. Individuals are aware of their surroundings, engaging all the senses, and enjoying
the beauty of each experience.(用心旅行是一个鼓励人们在探索新目的地的同时充分投入当下的概念。每个
人都意识到他们周围的环境，参与所有的感官，享受每一次体验的美丽)”可知，上文提到参与者可以通过
用心旅行去享受体验的魅力，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明用心旅行的好处。A选项中it指代
上文Mindful travel。故A选项“他们可以通过它深刻地欣赏周围的环境”符合语境，故选A。
49．根据上文“Mindful travel is not just about the destination but also the journey. The goal is to create a positive
impact on both individuals and the world around them.(用心旅行不仅关乎目的地，也关乎旅程。目标是对个人
和他们周围的世界产生积极的影响)”可知，上文解释了用心旅行的（对自己和周围世界产生影响的）目标，
该空承接上文，继续对产生的影响进行开展说明。故G选项“这是关于注意自己的行为以及它们如何影响
他人和环境”符合语境，故选G。
50．根据上文“Mindful travel provides an opportunity to disconnect from the stresses of everyday life.(用心旅行
提供了一个脱离日常生活压力的机会)”以及后文“Whether it’s wandering through a busy market, hiking in
nature, or simply sitting by the ocean, it allows us to let go of our worries and fully enjoy the beauty of our
surroundings.(无论是在繁忙的市场漫步，在大自然中远足，还是只是坐在海边，它都能让我们放下烦恼，
充分享受周围的美景)”可知，用心旅行让我们可以脱离日常生活的压力，即把日常的责任和职责暂时忘记。故C选项“旅行时，我们常常把例行公事和职责抛在脑后”符合语境，故选C。
51．根据本段内容“By stepping out of our comfort zones and experiencing new cultures, we gain a fresh
viewpoint on life. We become more open-minded, adaptable, and caring. Through interactions with locals and
fellow travelers, we learn about different ways of life and develop a greater understanding of the world.(通过走出
我们的舒适区，体验新的文化，我们对生活有了新的看法。我们变得更加开放，适应能力更强，更有爱心。
通过与当地人和其他旅行者的互动，我们了解了不同的生活方式，并对世界有了更深入的了解)”可知，本
段的主旨是用心旅行让我们变得更加开放，适应能力更强，更有爱心，即促进了个人的成长和思考。故B
选项“用心旅行促进自我反思和个人成长”符合语境，故选B。
52．根据上文“Mindful travel also has a positive impact on the destinations we visit. Mindful travelers are aware
of their impact on the environment.(用心旅行也会对目的地产生积极影响。用心的旅行者意识到他们对环境
的影响)”以及后文“By choosing eco-friendly accommodations, supporting local businesses, and respecting
cultural traditions, we can ensure that our travels leave a green footprint.(通过选择环保的住宿，支持当地企业，
尊重文化传统，我们可以确保我们的旅行留下绿色足迹)”可知，本句承接上文，具体说明用心的旅行者是
如何致力于保护环境的。故F选项“他们努力减少浪费，节约资源，支持可持续发展的倡议”符合语境，
故选F。
完形填空
Steve and Mark were good friends. They decided to spend their vacation in Haiti. Since they couldn’t 53
French, they took a French wordbook with them and hoped it would help them in difficult situations.
The flight was 54 , and the hotel was very comfortable. Each day after breakfast, Steve and Mark
packed the picnic lunch and dinner and went off to visit interesting places. After a few days, the boys became 55
of eating picnic meals and decided to eat a big fish dinner in a good restaurant. Unfortunately, they left their
wordbook in the hotel.
They 56 the menu carefully. After ten minutes, Steve said to Mark, “I don’t understand this
menu.” “Neither do I,” said Mark. “I see poison on the menu. Are they 57 here?” “Maybe. They even
spelled poison 58 . They spelled it p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃s⁃o⁃n instead of p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃o⁃n. But it must mean the same thing.
Maybe we should go to another restaurant. I don’t 59 to eat something that will kill me.” But Mark was
60 , so he said, “There is no other restaurant near here, and I’m tired of walking around the city. Let’s order
something else instead. It’s 61 here, so the food must be good.”
The boys looked at the menu again. They finally decided to order steak, 62 they really wanted
fish. The boys just pointed to the word steak, and the waiter understood.As they were eating, they 63 some tourists speaking English. “This 64 is delicious.
We’re lucky we have picked a restaurant that’s famous for its fish.”
Steve and Mark wondered what they discovered. “Famous for its fish? There was no fish on the 65
!” said Mark.
Finally, Steve decided to find out what all this was about. “Excuse me, how did you order fish when it wasn’t
on the menu?” “Sure it’s on the menu. It’s right here. Poisson.” The boys shouted, “Poisson. That’s poison! We
were 66 why a restaurant like this could have poison on the menu.”
The tourists 67 , and one of them said, “No. Poisson is French for fish.”
53．A．speak B．inspect C．teach D．demand
54．A．terrible B．straight C．quick D．excellent
55．A．tired B．frightened C．grateful D．fond
56．A．studied B．learnt C．remembered D．observed
57．A．familiar B．crazy C．confident D．official
58．A．fluently B．wrongly C．simply D．natively
59．A．want B．recognize C．request D．recover
60．A．scared B．equal C．tired D．endangered
61．A．active B．comfortable C．peaceful D．crowded
62．A．since B．although C．unless D．because
63．A．found B．sensed C．noticed D．heard
64．A．steak B．insect C．fruit D．fish
65．A．table B．menu C．show D．track
66．A．determining B．wondering C．expressing D．admitting
67．A．stopped B．shocked C．laughed D．shouted
【答案】
53．A 54．D 55．A 56．A 57．B 58．B 59．A 60．C 61．D 62．B
63．D 64．D 65．B 66．B 67．C
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Steve和Mark去法国旅游，由于不会法语在餐厅里误将“鱼”认为
“毒药”的故事。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他们不会说法语，他们随身带了一本法语单词簿，希望它能帮助他们
解决困难。A. speak说；B. inspect检查，审视；C. teach教；D. demand要求。根据“they took a French
wordbook”可知，史蒂夫和马克不会说法语。故选A项。54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行极好，酒店也很舒适。A. terrible可怕的；B. straight笔直的；
C. quick快速的；D. excellent棒的，极好的。根据“and the hotel was very comfortable.”可知，and连接两个
并列含义的句子，此处表示飞行体验很棒。故选D项。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，男孩们厌倦了野餐，决定去一家好餐馆吃一顿丰盛的鱼宴大餐。
A. tired劳累的，厌倦的；B. frightened害怕的；C. grateful感激的；D. fond喜爱的。根据“decided to eat a
big fish dinner in a good restaurant”可知，男孩们厌倦了野餐，决定吃一顿丰盛的鱼宴大餐。故选A项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们仔细研究菜单。A. studied学习，研究；B. learnt学习；C. remembered
记住；D. observed观察。根据上文“Unfortunately, they left their wordbook in the hotel.”及“the menu
carefully”可知，他们去餐厅没有带单词簿，因此，需要仔细研究菜单。故选A项。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们疯了吗？A. familiar熟悉的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. confident自信的；
D. official官方的。根据“I see poison on the menu.”可知，poison在英语中意思为：毒药，他们以为餐厅菜
单上有“毒药”，认为他们是疯了。故选B项。
58．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把“毒药”拼错了。A. fluently流利地；B. wrongly错误地；C.
simply仅仅；D. natively生来地。根据“They spelled it p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃s⁃o⁃n instead of p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃o⁃n.”可知，史蒂夫认为
餐厅的菜单上还把这个单词拼写错误了。故选B项。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想吃会害死我的东西。A. want想要；B. recognize识别；C. request要
求；D. recover恢复。根据“to eat something that will kill me”可知，史蒂夫表示不想吃可以害死自己的东西。
故选A项。
60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是马克很累了，所以他说：“这附近没有别的餐馆了，我厌倦了在城
市里到处走。我们点别的吧。这里人多，所以食物一定很好吃。”A. scared害怕的；B. equal平等的；C.
tired劳累的；D. endangered濒危的。根据下文“and I’m tired of walking around the city.”可知，马克累了。
故选C项。
61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. active活跃的；B. comfortable舒适的；C. peaceful和平的；D.
crowded拥挤的。根据“so the food must be good”可推知，马克是看到饭店里周围是人，所以猜测饭店的食
物不错。故选D项。
62．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们很想吃鱼，但最后还是决定点牛排。A. since自从；B. although尽
管；C. unless除非；D. because因为。根据“they really wanted fish”及前文说他们点了牛排可知，虽然他们
想吃鱼，但是找不到鱼，最后还是点了牛排。故选B项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们正在吃的时候，他们听到一些游客在说英语。A. found发现；B.
sensed感觉到；C. noticed注意到；D. heard听到。根据“some tourists speaking English”可知，吃饭的时候听到游客在说英语。故选D项。
64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这鱼很好吃。A. steak牛排；B. insect昆虫；C. fruit水果；D. fish鱼。根据
后文“We’re lucky we have picked a restaurant that’s famous for its fish”可知，游客点了鱼，所以说鱼很好吃。
故选D项。
65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：菜单上没有鱼！A. table桌子；B. menu菜单；C. show演出；D. track小道。
根据下文“Excuse me, how did you order fish when it wasn’t on the menu?”可知，史蒂夫和马克认为菜单上没
有鱼。故选B项。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在想为什么像这样的餐厅会在菜单上放“毒药”。A. determining决定；
B. wondering想知道；C. expressing表达；D. admitting承认。根据“why a restaurant like this could have
poison on the menu.”可知，史蒂夫和马克认为poisson是“毒药”，想知道为什么“毒药”会在菜单上。故
选B项。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：游客们笑了，其中一个说：“不。Poisson是法语里“鱼”的意思。”A.
stopped停止；B. shocked使震惊；C. laughed大笑；D. shouted喊叫。根据上文“why a restaurant like this
could have poison on the menu.”及下文“No. Poisson is French for fish.”可知，听到史蒂夫和马克将法语中
“poisson”认作英语中的“poison（毒药）”，他们笑了。故选C项。
单句语法填空
68．A month later I went to Spain. A Spanish teacher (call) Paula came and began the test.
【答案】called
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个月后，我去了西班牙。一位名叫Paula的西班牙语老师来了，开始
了测试。设空处为非谓语动词，A Spanish teacher与动词call为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语修饰A
Spanish teacher。故填called。
69．Meat (label) “Scotch Beef” sells well in the market.
【答案】labelled
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：标有“苏格兰牛肉”的肉在市场上卖得很好。分析句子可知，此处为非
谓语动词作后置定语修饰Meat，Meat和label为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填labelled。
70．When he woke up in the hospital, he found himself (surround) by doctors and nurses.
【答案】surrounded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他在医院醒来时，他发现周围都是医生和护士。这里是“find+宾语
+宾补”结构，himself和surround之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填surrounded。
71．People have given a new 3D-printed shell to a turtle (injure) in a forest fire.
【答案】injured【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们为一只在森林火灾中受伤的乌龟提供了一个新的3D打印壳。空处
需要非谓语动词作定语修饰a turtle。该动词和修饰的名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填
injured。
72．The poor lady had her money (steal) on the bus when coming home.
【答案】stolen
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位可怜的女士在回家的公共汽车上被人偷了钱。steal(偷)作使役动词
had后宾语her money的补足语，与其逻辑主语her money之间是被动关系，用过去分词stolen表被动。故
填stolen。
73．Dressed in her fine clothes, the adorable girl successfully made herself (notice) in the party.
【答案】noticed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：穿着漂亮的衣服，这个可爱的女孩在派对上成功地让自己引起了注意。
空处需要非谓语动词作宾语补足语。该动词和宾语herself之间为被动关系， 所以用过去分词作宾补。故
填noticed。
74．The oldest (evident) of noodles was from 4,000 years ago in China.
【答案】evidence
【详解】考查名词。句意：面条最古老的证据来自4000年前的中国。本空应用名词，作主语；evidence为
名词，表示“证据”，符合句意。故填evidence。
75．Michael noticed the little boy spinning the basketball around to keep himself (entertain).
【答案】entertained
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克尔注意到这个小男孩为了自娱自乐而旋转着篮球。此处为
“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，逻辑主语himself与entertain构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，故填
entertained。
76．All of a sudden, he realised he had had the letter to Mike wrongly (address).
【答案】addressed
【详解】考查过去分词做宾补。句意：突然间，他意识到他把写给迈克的信地址写错了。分析句子可知，
he had had the letter to Mike wrongly_______ 是动词realised的宾语从句，句子是过去完成时，第一个had
是助动词，第二个had是have的过去式，作从句谓语。have 的宾语是the letter to Mike，所给词address在
本句是动词，含义为写（收信人）姓名地址，作宾补。和宾语构成被动关系。构成have +宾语+done（过去
分词）的结构。address的过去分词为addressed。故填addressed。
77．At night, the heat (absorb) by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating a comfortable
temperature inside.【答案】absorbed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在晚上，白天墙壁吸收的热量加热了冷空气，创造了舒适的室内温度。
分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the heat，the heat和absorb为被动关系，所以为过去分
词形式。故填absorbed。
78．The thieves （seize） by the policemen were taken to the police station.
【答案】seized
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被警察抓住的小偷被带到了警察局。分析句子结构可知，句中已经含有
一个谓语动词were taken，且没有连接词，此处需要使用非谓语动词，The thieves与seize之间为被动关系，
此处使用过去分词作后置定语，故填seized。
79．Dr Lin Qiaozhi graduated from PUMC with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize (give) to
graduates.
【答案】given
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：林巧稚博士毕业于上海医学院，获得文海奖学金，该奖学金是颁发给毕业生
的最高奖项。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，the highest prize与give为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里
应用过去分词作定语，修饰前面名词。故填given。
80．Before we going out, we should have our shoes (polish).
【答案】polished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们出门前，我们应该把鞋子擦亮。空格处作宾语补足语，与宾语
shoes是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填polished。
81．Please (sure) that all lights are switched off when you leave the office.
【答案】ensure
【详解】考查动词。句意：请确保离开办公室时所有灯都已关闭。本句话为祈使句，所以空处需要动词原
形，后面接that引导的宾语从句。sure的动词形式为ensure“确保”，符合语境。故填ensure。
82．It seems that emojis have clear advantages over (write) language.
【答案】written
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：表情符号似乎比书面语言有明显的优势。此空为非谓语动词作定语修饰名
词language，written language意为“书面语”，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填written。
语篇填空
Wuhan is the capital of Hubei province, and it is the most populous city in 83 (center) China. It lies
at the east of Jianghan Plain, and the intersection of the Changjiang River and Han River. Consisting of the three
towns, Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang, Wuhan is known 84 “thorough fares of nine provinces”; It is amajor transportation hub, with dozens of railways, roads and expressways 85 (pass) through the city. Now
Wuhan 86 (recognize) as the political, economic, financial, cultural, educational and transportation center
of central China.
The East Lake has a vast expanse of water, 87 is largest natural lake in Chinese cities and a famous
national scenic spot. The Yellow Crane Tower is assumed 88 (build) first in approximately 220 AD．It has
a strong historic culture with many poets writing pretty poems for it.
Hot and Dry Noodles 89 (consist) of long freshly boiled noodles mixed with sesame paste. It is
considered to be the 90 (typical) local food for breakfast. Duck’s Neck is 91 local version of this
popular Chinese dish, made of duck necks and spices. Bean Pan (Doupi) is a popular local dish with a filling of
egg, rice, beef, and beans, 92 (structure) like a pizza without enclosing edges. Soup dumpling (Tangbao)
is a kind of dumpling with thin skin made of flour, steamed with very juicy meat inside.
【答案】
83．central 84．as 85．passing 86．is recognized 87．which 88．to be built 89．
consists 90．most typical 91．a 92．structurally
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍武汉这座城市以及它的美食。位于九省通衢的武汉，有很多传统
美食，这里主要讲的是豆皮、热干面和汤包。
83．考查形容词。句意：武汉是湖北省的省会，也是中国中部人口最多的城市。设空处在China名词前，
应该用形容词形式作定语修饰该名词。故填central。
84．考查介词。句意：武汉由武昌、汉口、汉阳三镇组成，被称为“九省通衢”。此处be known as...是一
个固定搭配，意为“作为……而出名”。故填as。
85．考查非谓语动词。句意：它是一个主要的交通枢纽，有几十条铁路、公路和高速公路穿过城市。此处
为with的复合结构，其中的动词应为非谓语形式作宾语补足语，此处pass和前面的名词“dozens of
railways, roads and expressways”是逻辑上的主谓关系，应该用现在分词，表主动。故填passing。
86．考查动词时态和语态。句意：武汉是公认的中部政治、经济、金融、文化、教育和交通中心。此处为
谓语动词的填入，主语是Wuhan为单数名词，表物，和recognize为被动关系，应该用被动语态结构。另
外，根据整篇文章的时态，应该用现在时。故填is recognized。
87．考查定语从句。句意：东湖水域辽阔，是中国城市中最大的天然湖泊，也是著名的国家风景名胜区。
分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词The East Lake在从句中作主语成
分。故填which。
88．考查不定式被动形式。句意：黄鹤楼被认为最早建于公元220年左右。be assumed to do ...意为“被认为做……”。另外句子主语是表物的The Yellow Crane Tower和build为被动关系，应该不定式的被动形式。
故填to be built。
89．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：热干面是由新鲜煮熟的长面条和芝麻酱混合而成。此处为谓语动词
的填入，根据上下文时态，这里应该用现在时。另外，句子主语是Hot and Dry Noodles，形式上是复数，
但作为专有名词，应该被视为单数，所以为动词三单形式。故填consists。
90．考查形容词最高级。句意：热干面被认为是当地最典型的早餐。根据句意以及空前the可知，此处为
形容词最高级修饰，the most typical“最典型的”作定语修饰后面的名词短语，满足句意要求。故填most
typical。
91．考查不定冠词。句意：鸭脖是一道受欢迎的中国美食的当地版本，用鸭脖和香料做成。a version of是
固定短语，意为“……的一个版本”，此处可译为“……的一款/一个类型”，local发音是以辅音音素开
头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
92．考查副词。句意：豆皮是一种很受欢迎的当地菜，馅料是鸡蛋、米饭、牛肉和豆类，结构上就像没有
边缘的披萨。设空处在介词短语like a pizza前，应该用副词形式作状语修饰该介词短语。故填
structurally。
应用文书信写作
假定你是李华，你校计划举行研学游活动，校英文报现面向全体学生征求研学地点。请你推荐一个并说明
理由，内容包括：
1.推荐地点；
2.说明理由。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________
【答案】Dear editor,
I’m writing to suggest a potential destination for our school’s study tour: Beijing, China’s capital. Beijing is
rich in historical and cultural heritage, offering a unique opportunity for students to immerse themselves in the
country’s past and present. From the Forbidden City to the modern skyscrapers, Beijing represents the dynamicblend of tradition and modernity. It is also home to world-renowned universities, providing inspiration for future
academic pursuits. I believe a visit to Beijing will enrich our understanding of Chinese history and culture.
Thank you for considering my suggestion.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校计划举行研学游活动，校英文报现面向全体学生征求研学地点，
要求考生按照要求推荐一个并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggest→ propose
机会：opportunity→ chance
灵感：inspiration→ muse
理解：understanding→ comprehension
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Beijing is rich in historical and cultural heritage, offering a unique opportunity for students to immerse
themselves in the country’s past and present.
拓展句：Beijing is rich in historical and cultural heritage, which offers a unique opportunity for students to
immerse themselves in the country’s past and present.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Beijing is rich in historical and cultural heritage, offering a unique opportunity for
students to immerse themselves in the country’s past and present.（运用了现在分词offering作状语）
【高分句型2】It is also home to world-renowned universities, providing inspiration for future academic pursuits.
（运用了现在分词providing作状语）
