专题17 主谓一致
目录
01 知识脑图·学科框架速建
02 考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】意义一致
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】语法一致
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】就近一致
【易混易错02】就远一致
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【用法拓展】主谓一致特殊注意点
01 意义一致
1.family, class, committee, team, group, crew, audience 等集体名词强调整体谓语用单数，强调成员谓语用
复数。
The committee
has
reached a decision
on the new policy.
委员会已就新政策做出决定。
The committee
are
divided
on whether to approve the proposal.
委员会成员在是否批准提案的问题上意见分歧。
2. people, police, cattle, oxen 等集体名词作主语，谓语动词必须用复数。
The police
are
investigating
the accident.
警方正在调查这起事故。
Many young people
are
interested in
online learning.
许多年轻人对在线学习感兴趣。
3. sheep, deer, works, means, species, Chinese, Japanese 等单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据其
意义或限定词决定单、复数。
This means
is effective for solving the problem.
这种方法对解决问题很有效。
All possible means
have
been tried
.
所有可能的方法都试过了。
4. the +形容词（或分词）主语表示一类人时，谓语通常用复数。如the rich, the poor, the brave, the
injured, the living, the wounded 等。
The injured
were
sent
to the hospital immediately.
受伤的人被立即送往医院。
The unemployed
are
struggling
to find new jobs.
失业者正努力寻找新工作。
易错提醒：若 “the + 形容词” 表示抽象概念（而非一类人），则谓语用单数。
例：The beautiful
is not always the same as the good.
美的事物未必总是好的事物。
5. 24years, New York Times 等名词短语作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、机构、书籍等概念时，谓语动词常
用单数。
Ten minutes
is enough for me to finish this task.
十分钟足够我完成这项任务。
The United Nations
plays
an important role in international affairs.
联合国在国际事务中发挥重要作用。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．It was reported that the injured (transport) to the hospital yesterday.
2．The public (be) the best judge because the public always (express) their thoughts
correctly.
3．The class (attract)by the magician’s incredible tricks and gave an enthusiastic applause.
4．The beautiful (be) not always useful, while the young (be) always striving for
something useless.
5．The family all music lovers and the family going to a concert. (be)
6．Look! The cattle (be) eating grass near the river. What a peaceful scene it is!
7．Physics (be) difficult to learn and every means (try) to improve it.
8．At present the police (look) for the lost boy whose trousers (be) blue.
9．The police (be) looking for a second car, which appeared on the crime scene the other day.
10．Quanzhou is also known for its thriving private economy. The past four decades (see) the birth of
tens of thousands of private businesses and hundreds of famous brands.
01 语法一致
1.不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
To protect the environment has become a global issue.
保护环境已成为全球性问题。
Whether she will attend the meeting is unknown.
她是否参加会议还不清楚。
2.分数,百分数等修饰名词时,谓语与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。
Two thirds of the students are from rural areas.
三分之二的学生来自农村。
Fifty percent of the information is unreliable.
50% 的信息不可靠。
3.most, the rest 等修饰名词,谓语与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。
Most water
here
is not suitable for drinking.
这里的大多数水不适合饮用。
Some students left early, and the rest are still in the classroom.
一些学生提前走了，其余的学生还在教室里。
4.a large quantity/amount of…作主语，谓语动词用单数；large quantities/amounts of…作主语，谓语动
词用复数。
A large quantity of students
is expected to attend the lecture.
预计有大量学生参加讲座。
Large quantities of sand have been used to build the road.
修路用了大量沙子。
5.and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，
谓语动词用单数形式。由and 连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every, 或no 修饰时， 其谓语
要用单数形式。
The writer
and
poet
is coming to our school. 这位作家兼诗人要来我们学校。
Early to bed and early to rise
makes a man healthy. 早睡早起使人健康。
No
teacher
and
no
student
was late for the meeting. 没有老师和学生开会迟到。
6.the number of…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number of 表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。
The number of cars
on the road
is growing rapidly. 路上汽车的数量正在快速增长。
A number of problems remain to be solved. 还有许多问题有待解决。
7. one of …后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；the only one of 后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数。
This is one of the books that were written by Lu Xun.
这是鲁迅写的书之一。
He is the only one of the students
who has passed the exam.
他是学生中唯一通过考试的人。
8. all, both, each, every, either, neither, none 等代词作主语，视意思而定。
Each of the students is hardworking. 每个学生都很努力。
Every
hour
and
every
minute
is precious. 每一小时和每一分钟都很宝贵。
易错提醒：each 作同位语时，谓语应与主语保持一致。
The students each have a locker. 学生们每人有一个储物柜。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Living in a boarding school (make) me independent, which has a great effect on me.
2．More than a quarter of modern medicines (origin) from tropical forest plants.
3．One-third of the country covered with trees and the majority of the citizens black people.
4．All the scientific evidence (show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming (be)
damaging our health.
5．Over the past few decades, using chemical fertilizers very common in farming. (become)
6．Under the sky (rest) a village painted with smaller strokes and finer detail, giving the
impression of peace.
7．Do you know when the professor and the writer (be) to come to give us a speech?
8．The number of traffic accidents that (happen) in developing countries (increase).
9．Two-fifths of our students (admit) to the well-known university so far.
10．—Did you go to the show last night?
—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area (invite).
01 就近一致
1.并列连词either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but, not only…but also…等连接并列主语时，谓语应与最
近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
Either you or he
is responsible
for this mistake. 要么你，要么他要为这个错误负责。
Not only you but also I
am
interested in this project. 不仅你，我也对这个项目感兴趣。
2. There be 句型及The following 句型语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
There
is a book
and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和两支笔。
There
are
two
pens
and a book on the desk. 桌子上有两支笔和一本书。
The
following
is a letter
and some photos. 以下是一封信和一些照片。
The
following
are
some
photos
and a letter. 以下是一些照片和一封信。
02 就远一致
主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语with，along with，together with, as well as, rather than, including,
like, but, except 等，谓语动词在人称与数上应与前边的主语一致。
The singer, along with her band members,
is preparing
for the concert.
这位歌手连同她的乐队成员正在为演唱会做准备。
A tiger, like other big cats,
hunts
at night.
老虎和其他大型猫科动物一样在夜间捕食。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．There a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. There some bowls, plates and a spoon
on it. (be)
2．Up to now, neither the actors nor the director (know) the outcome of the selection.
3．He asked, “ (be) either you or someone else willing to present the findings at the upcoming
conference, or shall we consider other options? ”
4．Tom, along with his parents, (be) going to pay a visit to China next month.
5．Not only the students but also the teacher (invite) to the opening ceremony of the grand science
museum the other day.
主谓一致特殊注意点
1. more than one+可名单，表“不止一个”，作主语，谓动用单数；more+可名复+than one，表“不止
一个”，作主语，谓动用复数。
There
is more than one solution
to the problem.（这个问题不止一个解决办法。
More students than one
have
applied
for the scholarship.（不止一个学生申请了奖学金。
2. a series of, a kind of, a piece of, a pair of 等，后面加上不可数名词或成双成对的名词，谓语动词根
据series, kind, piece, pair 的单复数形式而定。
A series of lectures
is scheduled
for next week.（下周安排了一系列讲座。
Three pieces of furniture
were
delivered
yesterday.（三件家具昨天送达了。
3. 以-s 结尾的国名、地名或学科名（形复实单的名词），作主语时，谓动用单数。
The Alps
is a famous mountain range in Europe.（阿尔卑斯山是欧洲著名的山脉。
Mathematics
is my favorite subject.（数学是我最喜欢的学科。
4. 强调句型两个主谓一致：It is/was +被强调部分+who/that….结构中，It 后边只能是单数is/was，需要与
It 呼应；who/that 后边谓语应与被强调部分单复数保持一致。
It is he who helps others every day. 是他每天帮助别人。
It is these students who
win
the competition every year. 这些学生每年都赢得比赛。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Each teacher and each scientist (be) invited to take part in the conference.
2．Many a student (realize) the importance of learning a foreign language.
3．Anybody who (break) the rules will be punished.
4．More than one robot (test) out in the trial so far.
5．It is announced that many a new house (build) at present in the disaster area.
一、单项填空 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2025 全国二卷）And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine
scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them.
2. (2025 全国一卷）A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two
points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.
3.（2024 新课标I 卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors
主谓一致综合能力提升
through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to
Britain for the first time.
4.（2024 新课标II 卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about __________ (be) also Shakespeare’s
concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo
and Juliet.”
5.（2024 新课标II 卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, __________
(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
6.（2024 全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five
awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
7. (2024 九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity
lately because they are refillable.
8.（2024 浙江1 月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in
packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
9.（2023 北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
10.（2023 全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
11.（2022 北京卷）Gas naturally
(have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so
that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
12.（2022 北京卷）The use of those plastics
(increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
13.（2022 新课标I 卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)
previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to
increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
14.（2022 全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in
2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
15.（2022 北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
16.（2022 浙江1 月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of
them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
17. （2022 新课标I 卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the
authenticity and integrity( 完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological
buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
18.（2022 新课标II 卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
19.（2021 新课标II 卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the
biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
20.（2021 浙江1 月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and
a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
21.（2021 浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary
loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect
order.
22.（2021 新课标I 卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it
_________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
23.（2021 全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It
_________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
24.（2021 北京卷）There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
25.（2021 北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
26.（2020 新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms.
27. (2019 江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last
three months.
28. (2019 天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last
week.
29. (2017 天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best
all-round forms of exercise.
30. (2017 江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly
praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.
二、主谓一致与语法填空
（24-25 高一下·江苏宿迁·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The lion dance is a Chinese traditional folk art. It is to draw in luck and prosperity in 1 (celebrate) of
the Lunar New Year. The lion dance 2 (perform) on the ground or in small obstacle courses over the past
1, 000 years, 3 dancers jumping up onto chairs, balance beams, or upturned vases with balance and skills.
Historical records from the Three Kingdoms period described people dressed in lion costumes for Buddhist
festivities, and later in the Tang dynasty, it 4 (become) a well-documented court festivity.
Within China, the lion dance can be 5 (specific) divided into Northern and Southern styles. The
Northern lion is red and yellow with a shaggy fringe, usually performed with a male and a female and sometimes
little cubs, 6 the Southern lion comes with a fur decoration and various colors.
In January 2011, 7 total of 2, 222 performers danced in the streets of Hong Kong, 8 made
appearances in the Guinness World Records. Later that year, another record was set when 3, 971 schoolchildren in
Taiwan, China, performed the world’s 9 (large) singly operated lion dance show.
Although 10 (root) in China, the lion dance has spread across the world, and as an excellent example
of Chinese folk culture, it is getting a modern makeover.
