选择性必修第四册 UNIT 5 LAUNCHING YOUR
CAREER
【词句积累】
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.aptitude n.
天资;天赋
2.scenario n.
设想;方案;预测
3.assemble vt.
组装;装配
vi.& vt.
收集;聚集;集合
4.hydrogen n.
氢;氢气
5.radium n.
镭
6.bridegroom n.
新郎
7.geometry n.
几何学;几何图形
8.code n.
代码;密码
vt.
编码;把……译成密码
9.orient vt.
使适应;使面对;确定方向
10.graphic n.
图表;图形;图画
adj.
绘画的;图案的
11.estate n.
庄园;住宅区;工业区
12.entrepreneur n.
创业者;企业家
13.CV(NAmE résumé) n.
简历;履历
14.communist adj.
共产主义的
n.
共产主义者
15.fox n.
狐狸;狡猾的人
16.supervise vt.& vi.
主管;指导;监督
17.disk n.
磁盘;盘
18.knit vt.& vi.
编织;针织;(使)紧密结合
n.
编织的衣服;针织衫
19.intermediate adj.
中级的;中等的;中间的
20.proficiency n.
熟练;娴熟;精通
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.bounce up and down
上下跳动
2.in the kitchen drawer
在厨房抽屉里
3.die of breast cancer
死于乳腺癌
4.on your wrist
在你的手腕上
5.pay off a debt
偿清债务
6.a short profile of the actor
这名演员的简介
7.a spy satellite
间谍卫星
8.sense of justice
正义感
9.accuse me of lying
指责我撒谎
10.keep handwriting neat
保持书写工整
11.a ￡45 parking fine
45 英镑的停车罚款
12.ride a camel
骑骆驼
13.fried chicken
炸鸡
14.the students’ council
学生会
15.the greedy person
贪心的人
16.a small purse
一个小钱包
17.sew a patch
缝一块补丁
18.the bird in the cage
笼子里的鸟
19.the Suez Canal
苏伊士运河
20.pull up his collar
拉起他的衣领
21.credit card receipts
信用卡收据
22.submit medical certificates
提交医疗证明
23.barren desert land
贫瘠的沙漠土地
24.acquire a lot of experience
获得许多经验
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.lawyer n.
律师
law n.
法律
2.categorise vt.
把……分类(加以归类)
category n.
种类;范畴
3.participant n.
参与者;参加者
participate vi.
参加;参与
participation n.
参加;参与
4.detective n.
侦探;警探
detect vt.
侦察出;发现
5.accountant n.
会计;会计师
account n.
账目;账户;叙述 v.视为;解释
6.receptionist n.
接待员
reception n.
接待;欢迎;招待会
receive vt.
收到;接纳
7.socialist adj.
社会主义的 n.社会主义者
social adj.
社会的;社交的
society n.
社会;协会
8.dedicate vt.
把……奉献给
dedicated adj.
献身的;专心致志的
dedication n.
献身;奉献
9.wool n.
毛;毛线;毛料
woolen(=woollen) adj.
羊毛制的;毛线的
10.priority n.
优先事项;首要的事;优先
prior adj.
先前的;优先的
11.finance n.
资金;财政;金融 vt.提供资金
financial adj.
财政的;金融的
financially adv.
财政上;金融上
12.employer n.
雇主;老板
employ vt.
雇用;运用
employee n.
受雇者;雇员
employment n.
雇用;聘用;就业
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.bounce around
蹦来蹦去;弹来弹去
2.be suited to
适合于
3.come to a conclusion
得出结论
4.attend to
关怀;照料;处理
5.look back
回顾,回想
6.be passionate about
对……感兴趣
7.head start
起步前的优势
8.a chest of drawers
抽屉柜
9.for the sake of
为了……的利益
10.in conclusion
总而言之
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.I want to become a lawyer because I think fairness and justice is of great importance to society,and I
hope I can make some contribution in that respect.(be of+抽象名词)
我想成为一名律师,因为我认为公平和正义对于社会是非常重要的,我希望我能在这方面做出一些贡
献。
2.Do you agree that there is no point studying something that you like but you are not very good at?
(there is no point doing)
学习你喜欢但不擅长的东西没有意义,你同意这个观点吗?
3.I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years,so I know how to lead and decide on
priorities.(疑问词+不定式)
我担任学校乒乓球队队长已经两年,因此我知道如何领导他人并按事情的轻重缓急作出决定。
4.You don’t want to look back in years to come and say,“I wish I had thought more about what I
really wanted to do.”(心理描写)
你也不希望多年之后回顾过去时才说:“我真希望当年能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。”
构词法日积月累
名词后缀-ist 表示从事某种职业的人
直接加
reception→receptionist 接待员;
art→artist 艺术家;novel→novelist 小说家;violin→violinist 小提
琴家;
copy→copyist 抄写员
双写加
drug→druggist 药剂师
去掉e 加
type→typist 打字员
【考点突破】
一、热考词汇
1.debt n.债务;欠款
【佳句背诵】
My parents always advise me to be careful with my spending so that I don’t end up in debt.(建议信)
我的父母总是提醒我谨慎花钱,以免负债。
in debt
负债
out of debt
不欠债
fall back into debt
重新陷入债务
pay off one’s debt
还清某人的欠款或债务
【以练促学】
语段训练/单句写作
①Once you are (不负债),you need to plan carefully to stay that way.Many people
(重新陷入债务) because they don’t manage their spending.
②When they received an unexpected bonus from work,they used it to
.It
was a relief to finally be free.(动作+心理描写)
当他们从工作中获得意外奖金时,他们用这笔钱还清了债务,感到如释重负。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③It occurred to me that my family was ,so I dropped my favorite toy and ran towards
my home,hoping that my hard-earned money could help my father stay .(心理+动作
描写;2021·浙江6 月卷)
我突然想起我家中负债,于是放下我最爱的玩具往家跑去,希望我辛苦挣的钱可以帮助爸爸摆脱债务。
2.accuse vt.控告;控诉;谴责 (accusation n.指责;控告)
【佳句背诵】
He was accused of stealing the woman’s gold ring and he stood there with his head down.(动作描写)
他被控告偷了这位女士的金戒指,他站在那里,低着头。
accuse sb of (doing) sth/charge sb with (doing) sth 控告/指责某人(做)某事
the accused
被告
【以练促学】
单句写作
①
, the girl stood there,her head hung in shame.(心理+动作描写)
被指责打碎了她母亲最喜欢的花瓶,女孩站在那里,羞愧地低着头。
【教考衔接】
单句语法填空
②Different from traditional fables,Carson’s story ends with an (accuse) instead of a
moral.She warns of the environmental dangers facing society,and she teaches that people must take
responsibility for saving their environment.(2023·全国甲卷)
3.greedy adj.贪婪的;贪心的;贪吃的 (greed n.贪婪;贪心 greedily adv.贪婪地)
【佳句背诵】
My son looked at the colorful candies with greedy eyes.(神态+动作描写)
我儿子贪婪地看着那些五颜六色的糖果。
be greedy for sth
对……贪婪/渴望
be greedy to do sth
渴望做某事
【以练促学】
单句语法填空
①He was greedy (finish)the book because the story was so exciting.
②I am writing to you eagerly because I am greedy the chance to improve my English
through the activity.
【教考衔接】
单句语法填空
③No matter where I buy them,though,one steamer basket is rarely enough,yet two seems
(greed),and so I am always left wanting more next time.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
4.dedicate vt.把……奉献给(dedication n.奉献;献身 dedicated adj.献身的;专心致志的)
【佳句背诵】
He dedicated his first book to his grandmother,who encouraged him to write from a young age and
always believed in his talent.(人物描写)
他把他的第一本书献给了他的祖母,是祖母从小鼓励他写作,并始终相信他的才华。
dedicate sth to...
把……奉献给……
dedicate oneself to=be dedicated to
献身于……;致力于……
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①She dedicates (oneself) to planting trees and persuading others about the importance of
preserving forests.
②She planting trees and persuading others about the importance of preserving forests.
(同义转换①)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③First and foremost,
and broadening their horizon,we are going to talk
about some amusing stories and misunderstandings caused by cultural differences between eastern and
western countries.(英语学习;2022 新高考Ⅰ卷)
首先,致力于激发学生对英语的兴趣并开阔他们的视野,我们将讨论一些由东西方文化差异引起的有
趣故事和误解。
【片段巩固】
用debt;accuse;greedy;dedicate 完成动作描写的片段
续写训练之情节线:Jenny 曾被指责贪心→想要拥有比其他人更多的零食→意识到了自己的错误→
致力于帮助他人→存起了零花钱来帮朋友还清小债务
二、一词多义
1.desert /ˈdezət/ n.沙漠;荒漠 /dɪˈzɜːt/vt.遗弃;舍弃;背离;使失望(生义)
①The poor lady was deserted by his cruel husband.
②Somehow,her courage seemed to desert her for a moment.
③Above 4,000 meters is the highland desert:gravel (砾石),stones and rocks.
(全国Ⅰ卷)
2.profile /ˈprəʊfaɪl/ n.简介;概述;侧面轮廓;印象;形象(生义) vt.扼要介绍;概述;写简介
①We first build up a detailed profile of our customers and their requirements.
②This picture shows the girl in profile.
③Because Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling,we felt the bicycle would work well as a symbol
of the hotel’s green profile.
④His career is profiled in this month’s journal.
3.knit /nɪt/ vt.& vi.编织;针织;(使)紧密结合 n.编织的衣服;针织衫
①Society is knitted together by certain commonly held beliefs.
②Woolen sweaters can be knitted by hand,producing a finer and less expensive garment.
4.attend to 关怀,照料;处理;对待;接待
①Excuse me,sir.Are you being attended to?
②Nurses are busy attending to the wounded.
③I can’t join you in the game,for I have something important to attend to.
④The following points are of extreme importance,and you must attend to them carefully.
5.finance /ˈfaɪnæns/ n.资金;财政;金融 vt.提供资金
Sarah’s parents said they didn’t have enough finance ① for the trip.Sarah decided to raise money on her
own.She worked part-time and saved the money she earned.In the end,she was able to finance ② the trip
herself.
三、写作迁移
句型公式:疑问词+不定式
课本原句:I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years,so I know how to lead and
decide on priorities.
我担任学校乒乓球队队长已经两年,因此我知道如何领导他人并按事情的轻重缓急作出决定。
【佳句背诵】
With their interest greatly sparked,I began to teach them how to make Chinese tea.
(活动介绍)由于他们流露出极强的兴趣,我开始教他们如何泡中国茶。
(1)“疑问词+不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。
(2)在“疑问词+不定式”结构中,不定式常用主动式。
(3)why 或why not 后加不定式时,省略不定式符号to。
(4)whether 后可接不定式,而if 后不可以。
【以练促学】
单句写作
①I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on
.(求助信)
如果你能给我们一些如何改进机器人的建议,我会感激不尽的。
②
so that you can find friends with similar interests?(建议信)
为何不参加讨论小组,以便你能找到志同道合的朋友呢?
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③David squeezed his eyes,bit his lips and frowned,thinking about
the
cross-country run or not.(神情描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫闭着眼睛,咬着嘴唇,皱着眉头,考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。
【能力突破练】
维度一 单元知识运用
1.Jane borrowed money from the bank to start her business,but now she is debt because the
business is not doing well.
2.John’s classmates accused him spreading rumors,but he explained that he never said anything
about it.
3.Mary was greedy (win) the competition,so she practiced every day without taking any
breaks.
4.He dedicated (oneself) to improving his basketball skills,training every morning before
school.
5.The speech was great importance to the students,as it taught them valuable lessons about
life.
6.Emma didn’t know what (do) when she saw the lost puppy on the street,so she took it
home.
维度二 单元知识拾遗
1.The puppy excitedly , chasing after the colorful butterflies.
小狗兴奋地在花园里蹦来蹦去,追逐着五彩斑斓的蝴蝶。
2.In science class,we learned to
based on their characteristics.
在科学课上,我们学习了根据植物的特征对它们进行分类。
3.After heated debate,the class
that recycling is essential for environmental
conservation.
经过激烈的辩论,班级得出结论,回收对环境保护至关重要。
4. by learning new skills now to stay ahead in the job market.
现在就开始学习新技能,在就业市场保持起步优势。
5.She from her grandmother,making beautiful dresses.
她向她的祖母学习缝纫,做出了漂亮的裙子。
6.Over time,he
for being an honest and reliable businessman.
随着时间的推移,他获得了诚实可靠的商人的声誉。
维度三 单元话题写作(建议信——专业和职业选择)
假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Chris 对大学的专业和未来的职业选择感到迷茫,写信询问你的大
学专业选择意向。请你给他回复邮件,内容包括:
1.你决定选择的专业及理由;2.你的建议。
第一步 根据单元知识写美句
1.得知你不确定如何选择大学专业和未来的工作,我真诚地写信与你分享我的个人经验和一些建议。
(疑问词+不定式)
2.我第一次面对这样的事情时,我也很焦虑和困惑。(the first time 引导时间状语从句)
3.在大学里选择专业的黄金法则是找出你对什么充满热情。(动名词短语作表语;what 引导宾语从
句)
4.我不仅渴望了解自然界生态平衡的秘密,而且热衷于探索珍稀野生动物的生长,所以我理想的专业
是生物学。(be greedy to do;not only...but also...倒装句)
5.在决定选择专业和未来的职业之前,你最好慎重考虑,并把你的兴趣和天赋考虑进去。(before
doing...)
第二步 连句成篇创佳作
【读写素养培优练】
Part Ⅰ 续写能力提升
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2 场景)
场景导语:彼得森所住的公寓外有一个无家可归的人常常在街角大喊,有时会扰乱他们休息。一
天,受到一本书的启发,彼得森决定帮助这个名叫法里斯的人。尽管彼得森大约八年没拿过画笔,他
还是提出为法里斯画一幅画像。这一做法促使彼得森成立了一个名为FIC 的非营利组织,专注于与
无家可归的人交朋友并为他们画像。彼得森通过售卖这些画像来帮助这些人。法里斯是第一个从
FIC 受益的人。
场景续写1:
看到自己的肖像,这位男子感动得流下了眼泪→他对彼得森说想好好利用这笔钱来创业→将来
尽最大的努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人→彼得森高兴地作出回答
Seeing his portrait,the homeless man was moved to tears.
场景续写2:
受到彼得森和法里斯的启发,许多艺术家加入了他们的行列→越来越多的人得到帮助,这个组织
变得越来越受欢迎→FIC 卖出了越来越多的肖像画,赚取了越来越多的收入,这被社会广泛认可
Inspired by Peterson and Faris,many artists joined them.
Part Ⅱ 高考同源研探
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读B)
“I am not crazy,”says Dr.William Farber,shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit.“I am
ahead of my time.”If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally
laugh at his unusual methods.But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh.He’s one of a small but growing
number of American veterinarians ( 兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional
Western treatments with acupuncture,chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber,a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more conventional veterinarian.He
became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.He tried
muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief.Then he tried acupuncture,an ancient Chinese practice,and was
amazed that he improved after two or three treatments.What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to
work on his patients.So,after studying the techniques for a couple of years,he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.After Charlie had a heart attack,Tindale
says,she was prepared to put him to sleep,but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that
she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her
horse,Nappy,“moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time,and if the past is any
indication,he may be right:Since 1982,membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
has grown from 30 to over 700.“Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,”he says.“I will do anything
to help an animal.That’s my job.”
24.What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him?
A.He’s odd.
B.He’s strict.
C.He’s brave.
D.He’s rude.
25.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?
A.He was trained in it at university.
B.He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C.He benefited from it as a patient.
D.He wanted to save money for pet owners.
26.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A.Steps of a chiropractic treatment.
B.The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C.Examples of rare animal diseases.
D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
27.Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?
A.To prove Farber’s point.
B.To emphasize its importance.
C.To praise veterinarians.
D.To advocate animal protection.
思维建模
智取推理判断题
1.借助关键词进行推理判断
一些试题的解答只需要寻找与题干有逻辑联系的关键词就可以推出正确答案。解题时应认真阅读
试题,弄清其要求和回答问题的角度,结合原文看其是否有关键词可用来进行推理。
2.借助关键句、段进行推理判断
一些试题的解答需要对较多信息进行阅读和推理,因此解题时应认真阅读题干,找到与之有逻辑联系
的关键句、段,并由此推理判断,看它与哪一个备选项在意义与逻辑上吻合。
以例示法(如24 题)
借助关键词推理判断:由第一段第三句中的unusual method 可知,Farber 的一些同事认为他很怪异
(odd),故选A 项。
积阅读单词
垒主题词块
Para.1:practice v.实行,奉行;holistic adj.整
Para.1:ahead of one’s time (观念)超前;have
the last laugh 笑到最后, 取得最后胜
体的;Para.2:graduate n.(大学)毕业生;
relief n.(痛苦等的)减轻;Para.3:ease v.(使)
减轻;suffering n.疼痛;Para.4:approach n.方
法;27 题(选项D):advocate v.提倡
利;Para.2:start out as 起初是(某身份);an
alternative treatment 替代疗法;
Para.3:a heart condition 心脏病;put...to
sleep 给(患病动物)实施安乐死
析
长
难
语
句
Para.3:After Charlie had a heart attack,Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to
sleep,but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to
keep him alive for an additional five months.
[句式分析] 这是一个由but 连接的并列句。after 引导时间状语从句;Tindale says
为插入语;so...that...引导结果状语从句。
[尝试翻译]
[语言赏析] 句子通过put him to sleep 与keep him alive 形成鲜明的对比,前者暗示
着终结生命,后者则表明延长生命。这样的对比手法让句子更具张力,强调了治疗
效果带来的巨大转变。
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参考答案
【考点突破】
No.1 热考词汇
1.①out of debt;fall back into debt ②pay off their debt
③in debt;out of debt
2.①Accused of/Charged with breaking her mother’s favorite vase ②accusation
3.①to finish ②for ③greedy
4.①herself ②is dedicated to
③dedicated to arousing students’ interest in English
片段巩固
Jenny was once accused of being greedy because she always wanted more
snacks than everyone else.However,she soon realized her mistake and was dedicated to
helping others.She even saved up her allowance to help her friends pay off the small
debts.
No.2 一词多义/熟词生义
1.①vt.遗弃;舍弃 ②vt.背离;使失望 ③n.沙漠;荒漠
2.①n.简介;概述 ②n.侧面轮廓 ③n.印象;形象
④vt.扼要介绍
3.①vt.使紧密结合 ②vt.编织;针织
4.①接待 ②照料 ③处理 ④对待
5.①n.资金 ②vt.提供资金
No.3 写作迁移
①how to improve our robots ②Why not join discussion groups ③whether to take
part in/participate in/engage in
【能力突破练】
维度一 1.in 2.of 3.to win 4.himself 5.of 6.to do
维度二 1.bounced around the garden 2.categorise plants
3.came to the conclusion 4.Take a head start 5.learned to sew 6.acquired a
reputation
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维度三 第一步
1.Learning that you are not sure how to choose your major in college and your future
job,I am writing sincerely to share my personal experience and some suggestions with
you.
2.The first time I was faced with such a matter,I was also very anxious and
confused.
3.The golden rule for choosing a major in college is finding out what you are
passionate about.
4.Not only am I greedy to understand the secret to ecological balance in nature
but I am also keen to explore the growth of rare wildlife,so that my ideal major is
biology.
5.Before making up your mind to choose a major and a future career,you’d better
think over with caution and take your interest and talent into account.
第二步
Dear Chris,
Learning that you are not sure how to choose your major in college and your future
job,I am writing sincerely to share my personal experience and some suggestions with
you.
The first time I was faced with such a matter,I was also very anxious and
confused.As far as I am concerned,the golden rule for choosing a major in college
is finding out what you are passionate about.
Take me for example,not only am I greedy to understand the secret to ecological
balance in nature but I am also keen to explore the growth of rare wildlife,so that my
ideal major is biology.Consequently,before making up your mind to choose a major
and a future career,you’d better think over with caution and take your interest and talent
into account.
I wish that the above suggestions I have put forward would be of some benefit and
help you out of the dilemma.Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
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【读写素养培优练】
Part Ⅰ 续写能力提升
【参考范文】
Seeing his portrait,the homeless man was moved to tears.He benefited a lot from
it.He said to Peterson,“It was your help that kept me off the streets,and my heart is
full of gratitude.I want to make good use of the money to start a business,and I want to
do my best to help those who need help in the future.”Peterson replied,“You are
welcome.Actively helping people in need of help is my greatest joy.” With these
words,the two men hugged each other tightly.
Inspired by Peterson and Faris,many artists joined them.The artists said they would
call on more people to help the homeless.Over time,more and more artists joined
FIC,and more and more homeless people benefited.As more and more people were
helped,the organization became more and more popular and was honored by the
government.As time went on,FIC sold more and more portraits and earned more and
more income,which was widely recognized by the society.
Part Ⅱ 高考同源研探
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了兽医William Farber 奉行中
西医结合的整体医学疗法,用针灸、按摩等方式医治动物并取得了良好疗效。
24.A [推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“ I am not crazy”以及第三句中的
“...some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual method”可知,Farber 的
一些同事认为他很怪异(odd),故选A 项。]
25.C [推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,20 年前有段时间Farber 背部疼痛难
忍,用药无效后尝试接受中医针灸治疗并取得很好的治疗效果。他受到启发,经过
多年研习后,将此疗法应用于动物,故选C 项。]
26.D [段落大意题。第三段通过介绍两个动物经过Farber 的治疗后,病情有所好
转,说明整体医学疗法医治动物的有效性,故选D 项。]
27.A [写作意图题。从最后一段可知,兽医William Farber 根据过往的暗示确信
整体医学将会越来越受欢迎。之后作者提到了自1982 年以来,美国整体医疗兽
医协会会员人数的增长印证了这一观点,故选A 项。]
析长难语句
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
在查理心脏病发作后,丁代尔表示,她准备让它安乐死,但法伯的治疗大大缓解了
狗狗的痛苦,能够让它多活五个月。
