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话题 12 生命的意义与个人职业倾向规划
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·山东淄博统考三模)
When Zhi Yueying，then 19，went to the remote Niyang village in Yichun
city，Jiangxi Province，to work as a village teacher in 1980 ，villagers were
doubtful if she was going to stay long.
Over the past four decades，Zhi has devoted herself to rural education.She is a
recipient of Touching China awards that recognize the most inspiring role models in
2016.She was also awarded as a model poverty fighter by the government.Zhi has a
profound understanding of the importance of education in the mountains.Over the
years，she has taught the students and cared for them，since many of them were
“left－behind” children whose parents migrated to other places to work.More than
1，000 students of hers have left the mountain area，and created a better life for
themselves.
Located amid the mountains ， the village was very poor and far from any
town.Villagers had to hike in the mountains.“I arrived at the school in an early
evening，and was shocked.I had known the conditions were poor，but the reality
was worse.” Moreover ， local people needed to go downhill to buy daily
necessities ， and transport them back in their hands or balanced across their
shoulders.“I had never walked uphill on a mountain road before，so I walked much
more slowly than others.Sometimes I walked slowly behind too much and was scared
to tears，” says Zhi.Sometimes she had to walk uphill by herself with a flashlight at
night.The wild boars and rabbits sometimes frightened her and she enhanced her
courage by singing loudly.
But she gradually got used to her life there.At the beginning，she found many
local people valued their sons far more than their daughters，and would not like to let
them attend school.Zhi went to their homes repeatedly and gradually persuaded themto send all their children to school.For those who could not afford the tuition，she
spared her own money to help.
Zhi says seeing her students do well beyond the mountains is deeply
rewarding.“My dream，the same as before，is to stay by the side of more children.I
know poverty will forever say goodbye to the mountainous villages ， to my
students，and to myself，” says Zhi.
【语篇解读】 本文是新闻报道。文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的支月
英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，悉心教育并照顾学生，做
出了巨大的贡献。
1.Why did Zhi choose to stay long in the mountains?
A.She was a village teacher.
B.She was a Touching China awards recipient.
C.She was shocked by the poor living conditions.
D.She was aware of the significance of rural education.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第二段中“Over the past four decades，Zhi has
devoted herself to rural education.”和“Zhi has a profound understanding of the
importance of education in the mountains.”可知，支月英选择长期待在山里是因为
她意识到了乡村教育的重要性。]
2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The reasons for their poverty.
B.The ways of buying daily necessities.
C.The tough situations in the mountains.
D.The description of Zhi’s teaching experience.
答案 C [段落大意题。根据第三段中“Located amid the mountains，the village
was very poor...transport them back in their hands or balanced across their shoulders.”
可知，山里的村庄地理位置偏僻，条件很差，人们生活非常不便。因此，第三
段主要是描绘山里艰苦的环境。]
3.What can we learn about Zhi Yueying?
A.She has a sense of achievement.
B.She enjoys living in mountains.C.She has changed the local life.
D.She likes challenges in teaching.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Zhi says seeing her students do well
beyond the mountains is deeply rewarding.”可知，支月英对于自己教育的成果感
到很满意，很有成就感。]
4.What is a suitable title for the text?
A.A Life－changing Lesson
B.A Contributor to Rural Education
C.The Teaching Experience in Mountains
D.The Current Situation of Rural Education
答案 B [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师
的支月英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，做出了巨大的贡
献。由此可知，B项“乡村教育的贡献者”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。]
B
(2024·山东日照统考三模)
A new wearable device that wraps around your finger like a plaster can harvest
sweat while you sleep and use it to generate electricity，according to the developers
from University of California，San Diego.
Most power－producing wearable devices require wearers to perform intense
exercise or depend on external sources such as sunlight or large changes in
temperature.But the new strip uses a passive system to generate electricity from sweat
in your fingertips，even if you are sleeping or sitting completely still.This is because
the fingertips are the sweatiest part of the body.So ， thanks to a smart sponge
material，this can be collected and processed by conductors.
The energy harvester produces small amounts of electricity when the wearer
presses down or starts to sweat ， or from light finger tapping.It does this by
converting activities like typing，texting，or playing the piano into extra charge.
Fingertips have one of the highest concentrations of sweat grands in the body，
with each finger producing between 100 and 1，000 times more sweat than most
other areas，according to the researchers.Co－first author doctoral student Mr.Bin said，“The reason why we feel
sweatier on other parts of the body is that those spots are not well ventilated (通风
的).By contrast，the fingertips are always exposed to air，so the sweat evaporates as
it comes out.So rather than letting it evaporate，we use our device to collect this
sweat，and it can generate a significant amount of energy.”
The device is equipped with electrical conductors or electrodes (电极) made from
a carbon foam，which absorbs any finger sweat.Enzymes (酶) on the electrodes then
cause chemical sweat molecules to generate electricity.
The device only stores up a little bit power at the moment，and would take about
three weeks of constant wear to power a smart phone，but the researchers hope to
increase capacity in future.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。研发人员发明了一种新型的可穿戴设备，该设
备可以像膏药一样缠在手指上，在你睡觉时收集汗水，并利用它来发电。
5.How is the new device different from other wearables?
A.It is cost－effective. B.It is harmless to skin.
C.It requires no exercise. D.It produces electricity.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Most power－producing wearable
device require wearers...even if you are sleeping or sitting completely still.”可知，这
种设备即使是在你不运动的情况下，也可以从你指尖的汗液中发电。]
6.What does the underlined word “evaporates” in paragraph 5 mean?
A.Changes into a gas. B.Freezes in the air.
C.Drops to the ground. D.Becomes bigger in amount.
答案 A [词义猜测题。根据画线单词上一句的“The reason why we feel
sweatier on other parts of the body is that those spots are not well ventilated (通风
的).”可推断，该句话的意思是我们身体的其他部位出汗多是因为那些部位不通
风。而对比之下，“the fingertips are always exposed to air(指尖总是暴露在空气
中)”可推测，指尖没有多少汗水，由此推断，指尖没有汗水是因为汗水一出来
就蒸发了。所以画线单词的意思为“蒸发”。选项A“Changes into a gas.(变成气
体)”符合该意思。]
7.What is the disadvantage of the device?A.It is extremely small in size.
B.It is very difficult to operate.
C.It has a very limited power capacity.
D.It relies much on temperature changes.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The device only stores up a little bit
power at the moment...but the researchers hope to increase capacity in future.”可知，
该设备的容量不够大。]
8.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A.Sweaty Fingertips B.Power from Fingertips
C.An Electrical Conductor D.A Rechargeable Device
答案 B [标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中“A new wearable device that wraps
around your finger...use it to generate electricity”以及整篇文章内容可知，文章主
要介绍了一种新型的可穿戴设备，该设备可以佩戴在手指上并收集汗水，用来
发电。所以“Power from Fingertips”作为文章标题最为合适。]
C
Mounting a telescope on the balcony at home，Wang Zhipu，a 16－year－old
boy from Fujian Province，observes the skies，takes photos and begins his voyage
into space after class.Recently，his efforts were rewarded when he won the title of
“Young Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2021” in the Royal Observatory
Greenwich’s annual astrophotography contest.His winning entry ，entitled Family
Photo of the Solar System，shows seven of the eight planets lined up horizontally，
with the sun on the left and moon on the right，both pictured larger in size than
normal.
“All families are unconventional，so I adored this fresh，gently playful concept
around the solar system，” said the competition judge Sue Prichard while talking
about Wang’s picture.“A meaningful technically accomplished work from a rising star
of astronomical photography.”
It hasn’t been easy taking pictures of outer space.For about half a year，Wang
had to calculate the best time to shoot planets when they’re opposite the sun in Earth’s
sky to get the brightest images.What’s more，he still needed to wait for clear weatherto see better.For example，to capture a clear picture of Mercury，the planet closest
to the sun，which is often cited as the most difficult of the five brightest planets to
see with the naked eye，Wang tried to shoot it three times in the early morning but
failed.At sunset，he shot 10，000 frames of video and selected several thousand
better frames to overlay，further refine them and form a more satisfactory picture.
Sometimes Wang would be so absorbed in his observations that he wouldn’t go
downstairs to fetch a coat，even in the middle of winter.Other times，he stood for
hours under the burning sun to get the perfect shot.To get an ideal shot，he often gets
up at dawn，sleeps early to wake up at midnight，and even takes time off from
evening classes when necessary.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。16岁男孩王志璞喜欢观测太空并拍照，他的作
品在格林威治皇家天文台的年度天文摄影比赛中为他赢得了“2021年青年天文
摄影师”称号。
9.What kind of feeling does Sue Prichard show for Wang’s prize－winning picture?
A.Curiosity. B.Indifference.
C.Appreciation. D.Anxiety.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“All families are...the solar system”和
“A meaningful technically...astronomical photography.”可知，Sue Prichard对王的
获奖作品非常赞赏。]
10.What did Wang need to do in preparation for his photographing?
A.Figure out when the planets shine best.
B.Find out where clear weather can be seen.
C.Work out how far the planets are from the sun.
D.Make out when the planets face the earth most directly.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For about half a year，Wang...to wait
for clear weather to see better.”可知，为了拍摄这些行星，王需要找出它们什么时
候最亮。]
11.What’s the last paragraph mainly about?
A.Wang’s passion for outer space.
B.Wang’s habits of observing stars.C.Wang’s addiction to shooting skills.
D.Wang’s choices of shooting occasions.
答案 A [段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，最后一段主要讲了王对太空
的热情。]
12.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Stars Gathering，Teenager Is the Brightest
B.Medals Shining，Teenager Gains the Gold
C.Eyes on the Stars，Teenager Wins Top Photo－prize
D.Dreams in Heart，Teenager Succeeds in Top Contest
答案 C [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了在格林威治皇家天文台的
年度天文摄影比赛中获得了“2021 年青年天文摄影师”称号的16岁男孩王志
璞。]
D
Whenever I talk about personality in relation to choosing a career，some people
complain(抱怨) like this：Those tests are so stupid.When I was in sixth grade，I
took one of them and it said that I should be a farmer.While I don’t think I would be a
very good farmer，the results are probably a lot more accurate(精确的) than I’d like
to admit.At the time，it seemed unreasonable—I hated the outdoors and physical
activities.Now，I think it might have had some points that fit my personality：I like
planning (good for planning how to grow crops)，working by myself(for those long
days on an agricultural machine)，and sometimes working on a team(for harvest
time).
Watch out for any personality test that claims(声称) to be able to tell you what
your dream job is by the type of animal you’d like to be，or from your favorite
breakfast food as a child.While there are many personality assessments(评估) that are
accurate，I’d like to say that they are a second step.The best choice is self －
assessments.
Before finding ways to know your work preferences，it’s important to make a
clear difference between liking a topic and liking the work.I once met a third－year
marine(海洋的) biology student at a large state school in Ohio.He was placed into theWhale Watch program，where he found out that he became violently seasick on any
kind of boat—a big disadvantage for a student who thought he wanted to study whales
in the wild.
The best match is a career in which the major tasks of the work are the tasks you
most enjoy doing and the topic is one of your interest.If that career doesn’t exist，my
advice would be to take the job where there is a skill match.In this way，you will
succeed at the basic tasks of your job and perhaps become interested in it.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了个性测试与职业选择的关系，并告
诉人们应如何选择合适的职业。
13.What is some people’s opinion on choosing a career through personality tests?
A.It’s possible to lead to career failure.
B.It’s helpful only in a limited way.
C.It’s unreasonable.
D.It’s worth a try.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，一些人认为通过个性测试来
选择职业是不合理的。]
14.What does the author think of the personality test she took when she was young?
A.She admits it forecasts her present job accurately.
B.She thinks it shows some part of her personality.
C.She finds it helpless for her.
D.She has little interest in it.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the results are probably a lot more
accurate(精确的) than I’d like to admit”以及“I think it might have had some points
that fit my personality”可知，作者认为该测试结果与她性格的某些方面相符。]
15.What is the best way to know your dream job?
A.Taking personality tests on your favorite things.
B.Doing accurate personality assessments.
C.Trying your dream job in practice.
D.Finding it out by yourself.
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，想要寻找到梦想的工作，只能通过自己，只有了解了自己，才能找到适合自己的工作。]
16.Why was the marine biology student unsuitable for his job?
A.He disliked the job.
B.He felt sick traveling on a boat.
C.He was afraid of marine animals.
D.He knew little about his preferences.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句可知，这名学生晕船严重，因
而不适合这项工作。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·黑龙江省哈尔滨市高三三模)
Ritch Addison used to be shy.But once he got to high school，he decided he
needed to change.And so he began to develop a sarcastic (讽刺的) sense of 1 to
keep the other kids from bullying him.
“You know how sometimes people say the best 2 is a good offense？”
Addison said.“I was 3 up my shyness and my fears.”
His new approach worked.He gained 4 and made more friends.And he
started to become known for his jokes—like the time he 5 a classmate about a
poor score on a math test.
Then one day，his good friend Holly 6 him aside.“You know，Ritch，
sometimes you really hurt people’s 7 ，” she said.
Addison was 8 .He had always seen himself as someone who made his
friends laugh.He couldn’t 9 that he might be hurting them.“But I kept 10
on what Holly said，” he said.“ 11 ，I realized that she was absolutely right.I
started paying attention to how my humor was 12 other people，and I changed
it.” Over the years，Addison worked on being more 13 toward the people
around him.
He went on to become a clinical psychologist.And now，he tries to help other
people find more generous 14 about themselves and others.Looking back，
some 50 years later，he says he 15 much of his change of attitude to Holly.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了 Addison曾经用讽刺的幽默掩盖自己的害羞和恐惧，但是这伤害了别人，在好朋友的忠告下自己反思并不断成长
为一名富有同情心的心理学家。
1.A.humor B.shame
C.relief D.satisfaction
答案 A [根据倒数第二段“I started paying attention to how my humor was
other people，and I changed it”可知，此处缺少的意思是“幽默”。]
2.A.outcome B.reward
C.defense D.theory
答案 C [根据下文“a good offense”可知，此处是一句谚语the best defense is a
good offense(进攻是最好的防守)。]
3.A.giving B.covering
C.raising D.picking
答案 B [根据前文“You know how sometimes people say the best is a
good offense？”可知，Addison用攻击的方式来掩盖自己的害羞和恐惧。]
4.A.experience B.confidence
C.reference D.victory
答案 B [根据下文的“And he started to become known for his jokes”可知，
Addison的自信心增强了。]
5.A.praised B.informed
C.scolded D.teased
答案 D [根据前文的“And so he began to develop a sarcastic (讽刺的) sense of
to keep the other kids from bullying him.”可知，此处是 Addison戏弄讽刺别的同
学的数学成绩。]
6.A.put B.brushed
C.pulled D.cast
答案 C [根据常识可知，好朋友给出一些忠告时会把我们拉到旁边没人的地
方。]
7.A.feelings B.health
C.security D.passion
答案 A [根据前文的“And he started to become known for his jokes...a poorscore on a math test”可知，取笑别人伤害的是感情。]
8.A.exhausted B.annoyed
C.amused D.shocked
答案 D [根据下文“He had always seen himself as someone who made his
friends laugh.”可知，Addison得知戏弄别人会伤害感情很是惊讶。]
9.A.predict B.doubt
C.imagine D.forget
答案 C [根据前文“He had always seen himself as someone who made his
friends laugh.”可知，Addison对于这样的事情是难以想象的。]
10.A.experimenting B.acting
C.counting D.reflecting
答案 D [根据下文“I realized that she was absolutely right...and I changed it.”可
知，这是Addison反思的结果。]
11.A.Suddenly B.Immediately
C.Eventually D.Smoothly
答案 C [根据前文“But I kept on what Holly said”可知，Addison最
终意识到了自己的错误。]
12.A.comforting B.affecting
C.protecting D.engaging
答案 B [根据前文“He couldn’t that he might be hurting them.”可
知，Addison的幽默对别人造成影响。]
13.A.judgmental B.enthusiastic
C.affectionate D.sympathetic
答案 D [根据下文“And now，he tries to help other people find more generous
about themselves and others.”可知，Addison 对待别人是同情的。sympathetic 有
同情心的。]
14.A.donations B.interpretations
C.aspects D.investments
答案 B [根据前文“Addison worked on being more toward the people
around him.”可知，Addison对自己和他人有越来越多的同理心，试图帮助人们获得对自己和他人更包容的理解。interpretation理解；解释；说明。]
15.A.owes B.contributes
C.passes D.conveys
答案 A [根据前文“You know，Ritch，sometimes you really hurt people’s
”可知，正是好朋友Holly的忠告让Addison反思自己，成就了现在的自己。]
Ⅲ.语法填空（1）
(2024·山西省太原市高三一模)
Bird－watching，a hobby 1. (favor) by many Westerners，has
been included in a public benefit program “Park Classes” in Wuhan schools.In the
past six years，the program has carried out over 3，000 activities in Wuhan’s thirty
urban parks，2. (cover) all of the city’s primary schools and welcomed
by over one million students.Buried in books and having little access to the outside
world，many students don’t have the 3. (little) idea of what nature
really is.This program is designed to enhance the awareness of environmental
protection among school kids，4. often feel greatly refreshed by
appreciating the grace of the adorable creatures through cameras.
Among the selective courses 5. (be) the restoration of small and
micro wetlands.As for this course ， what is needed is a lot of hands － on
practice.Under the 6. (guide) of their teachers，students are required to
conduct a research on a 500－square－meter wetland in the city parks.Focusing their
attention 7. the wetland’s physical condition，they have recorded the
number of plant and animal species to create a restoration plan.Thanks to 8.
(they) efforts，the biodiversity of the wetland has been significantly improved.
“It’s very meaningful，” said Li Chenliang，9. eighth grader
from this project.“I have learned a lot of knowledge that cannot be 10.
(direct) got from books.I should make full use of the city’s ecological advantages and
get more chances to get closer to nature.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了已被列入武汉学校的公益项目
“公园课堂”的观鸟项目的开展情况具有的现实意义。
1.favored [考查非谓语动词。此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，因为 favor 和hobby之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词。故填favored。]
2.covering [考查非谓语动词。此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，又因为 cover和
the program之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以此处用现在分词。故填covering。]
3.least [考查比较等级。根据 idea和提示词可知，此处用 least构成固定搭配
don’t have the least idea表示“一点儿也不知道”。故填least。]
4.who [考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词 kids指人，且从句
中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词who来引导。故填who。]
5.is [考查时态和主谓一致。此处是倒装句式，主语 the restoration是第三人称
单数，且时态为一般现在时，所以be动词用is。故填is。]
6.guidance [考查词性转换。句意：在老师的指导下，学生们需要在城市公园
500平方米的湿地上进行研究。分析句意再根据空格前的Under可知，此处用名
词guidance构成固定短语under the guidance of表示“在……的指导下”符合语
境。故填guidance。]
7.on [考查介词。句意：他们把注意力集中在湿地的物理状况上，记录了植物
和动物物种的数量，并制定了恢复计划。分析句意再根据上文的 Focusing 可
知，此处用介词on构成固定短语focus...on...表示“把……聚焦于……”。故填
on。]
8.their [考查代词。根据空格后的名词 efforts可知，此处用提示词的形容词性
物主代词。故填their。]
9.an [考查冠词。此处用不定冠词泛指“一个”八年级学生，又因为 eighth的
发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]
10.directly [考查词性转换。修饰动词got应该用副词。故填directly。
语法填空（2）
(2024·江苏省百校高三第三次联考)
Economic and trade ties between China and countries along the Belt and Road 1.
(grow) significantly over the past decade.
Proposed by China in 2013 ， the Belt and Road Initiative refers 2.
the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 2lst Century Maritime Silk Road.China’s trade
in goods with Belt and Road countries doubled 3. $1.04 trillion in 2013
to $2.07 trillion in 2022，with 4. average annual growth rate of 8 percent，Chen，assistant minister of commerce，said at a news conference.By the end of
2022 ， Chinese enterprises had invested $57.13 billion in economic and trade
cooperation zone countries along the Belt and Road，5. helped create
421，000 jobs for local residents.
6. (go) ahead，China will expand imports of quality goods，
improve its two－way investment structure 7. conclude free trade
agreements with more countries along the Belt and Road.China will 8.
(active) negotiate and sign bilateral ( 双边的) cooperation agreements on green
development，digital economy and blue economy countries along the Belt and Road.
China will also strengthen cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road in
areas including poverty 9. (reduce)，health and education，and initiate
more “small but beautiful” 10. (project)to enhance local people’s sense
of accomplishment，Chen said.
【语篇解读】 本文是新闻报道。文章报道了过去十年来中国与一带一路共建
国家的经贸关系显著发展。
1.have grown [考查时态和主谓一致。空处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语
over the past decade可知，句子表达的是一个过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应
使用现在完成时，主语 Economic and trade ties 是复数，助动词用 have。故填
have grown。]
2.to [考查介词。refer to为固定短语，含义为：指的是，与句子表达的含义一
致，故填to。]
3.from [考查介词。根据下文两个数据“$1.04 trillion in 2013 to $2.07 trillion in
2022(2013年的1.04万亿美元增至2022年的2.07万亿美元)”可知此处表达的是
“从……到……”，故填from。]
4.an [考查冠词。空处后面为名词作宾语，根据名词的用法，名词前需使用不
定冠词表示“一个”含义，因average的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]
5.which [考查定语从句。本句是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词
是整个主句内容，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。]
6.Going [考查非谓语动词。空处在句子中作状语，应使用非谓语动词，因与其
逻辑主语China之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填Going。]7.and [考查并列连词。空处后面的动词conclude与上文expand和improve为并
列关系，应使用并列连词，故填and。]
8.actively [考查词性转换。空处在句子中作状语修饰动词 negotiate and sign，
应使用副词，故填actively。]
9.reduction [考查词性转换。空处在句子中作宾语，应使用名词，poverty
reduction “减贫”，故填reduction。]
10.projects [考查名词的数。空处在句子中作宾语，应使用名词，根据空处前
面的形容词more可知空处应填名词复数，故填projects。]
