主题11 生命的意义与价值、生命安全
01 话题词汇佳句
02 时文热点阅读(全文翻译,词汇积累,长难句分析)
03 高考真题链接
04 话题阅读精练
分类
主题词汇
生命的意
义与价值
名词
1．target n．目标 2．sacrifice n．牺牲
3．supply n．供应，供给 4．style n．方式，特点
6．selfpity n．自怜；自哀 9．addict n．对……着迷的人
7．leadership n．领导；领导地位 8．charity n．慈善机构，慈善团体
9. generosity n．[U]慷慨；大方 10．livelihood n．生计；谋生
11. response n．响应；反应；回答 12. colleague n．同事；同僚
13．principle n．道德原则；法则；原则14．contact n．联系，联络 vt.联系(某人)
15．leisure n．空闲，闲暇，业余时间 16．tension n．紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
17．moral dilemma 道德困境 18．distraction n．使人分心的事物
19．fulfillment n．履行；实现；满足(感) 20．setback n．挫折；退步
21．conviction n．坚定的信仰；定罪 22．counsel n．忠告，劝告
23．coward n．胆小鬼；懦夫
动词
1．retire vi.& vt. 退休；退职；退出 2．inspire vt.鼓励，激励
3．contact vt.联系(某人) 4．entrust vt.委托；交付
5．strive vi.努力；奋斗 6．oblige vt.迫使；施恩惠于；帮……的忙
7．confront vt.面对；正视；使面临 8．console vt.安慰；慰藉
9．counsel v．忠告，劝告 10．carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关
11．make a commitment to...对……作出承诺 12．get ahead 取得进步，获得成功
13．apply oneself to sth 努力/专心致志于某事
形容词
1．frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的 2．passive adj.被动的；顺从的
3．previous adj.以前的，先前的 4．optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的
5. convinced adj.确信的；坚信的 6. convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的
7．valuable adj.宝贵的，贵重的 8．easygoing adj.随和的；温和宽容的
9．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的 10．selfless adj.无私的；忘我的
11．appreciative adj.感激的 12．warmhearted adj.热心肠的
13．guilty adj.内疚的，羞愧的 14．attractive adj.有吸引力的
15．definitely adv.确切地，肯定地 16．disciplined adj.遵守纪律的
17．challenging adj.富有挑战性的 18．defensive adj.戒备的，自卫的
19．fashionable adj.流行的；时髦的 20．stressed adj.焦虑的，紧张的
21．tough adj.困难的，难办的
介词短语
1．in person 亲自 2．in despair 处于绝望中 3．in memory of 作为对……的纪念
生命安全
名词
1．life safety 生命安全 2. principle n. 校长
3. traffic risks 交通风险 4.peer conflicts 同伴冲突
5. hidden hazards 隐患 6.security patrols 安全巡逻
7. emergency drills 应急演练 8. fire evacuation exercises 消防疏散演习
9. first - aid training 急救培训 10. mental health 心理健康
11. counseling center 咨询中心 12. value n. 价值观 4.
13．disaster n．灾难；灾害 14．property n．所有物，资产，财产
15．damage n．损坏；损失 16．aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资
17．flood n．洪水；大量 18．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品
19．trap n．险境；陷阱 20．strike n．罢工；罢课
21. donation n．捐赠物，捐赠，赠送 22. delivery n．投递；送交
23．relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除 24. injury n．伤害
25．reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应26．crash n．撞车；碰撞
27．shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护 28．revival n．振兴；复苏
29．eruption n．喷发 30．scare n．恐慌；惊吓
31．blizzard n．暴风雪 32．rescue n．营救；救援
33．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况 34．first aid kit 急救箱
35．magnitude n．(地)震级；重大 36．drought n．干旱，旱灾
37．reconstruction n．再建，重建；改造；复兴 38．whistle n．哨子(声)；呼啸声
动词
1．bury vt.埋葬；安葬 2．forecast v．预测，预报
3．claim v．(战争、事故等)夺去(生命) 4．damage vt.损害；破坏
5．aid vi.& vt.帮助；援助 6．flood vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
7．supply vt.供应；供给 8．inform vt.通知；了解，熟悉
9．trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 10．strike vi.& vt.侵袭；突击；击打
11．donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血) 12．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表
13. relieve vt.解除，减轻，救济 14．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受
15．injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 16．crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击
17．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过 18．threaten v．威胁到，危及
19．shelter vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)20．revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒
21．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出22．scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕
23．unify vt.统一；(使)成一体 24．rescue vt.营救；救援
25. bear vt.忍受 26. emerge vi.浮现；出现
27．evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离 28. whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨
29. gather vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集 30. tolerate vt.容忍；忍受
31．keep one’s head(在困境中)保持冷静 32. devote oneself to 致力于，献身于
33. sign up (for sth) 报名(参加课程) 34.boast v．夸口说，自吹自擂；有(值得自豪的东
西)
形容词
1. powerful adj.强大的 2. injured adj.受伤的
3.scared adj.害怕的 4.scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的
5．unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的 6. bearable adj.可以忍受的
7. emergent adj.紧急的 8．destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭性)
的
9．safe and sound 安然无恙的 10．orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的
11．exceptionally adv.极其，非常 12．precisely adv.精确地，准确地
13．sufficient adj.足够的，充足的
介词短语
1．in shock 震惊；吃惊 2．in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
3．in the open air 露天；在户外4．on hand 现有(尤指帮助) 5．to one’s relief 让某人宽慰的
是
佳句背诵
1．Devoted to what he does no matter how boring it is，he sets a good example to us.不管他做的事情多么
无聊，他都尽心尽力，为我们树立了一个好榜样。
2．No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our respect.
无论一份工作多么普通，它在社会中都发挥着作用，因此值得我们尊重。
3．He would rather sacrifice his life than see damage done to state property.
他宁可牺牲自己的生命，也不肯看到国家财产受到损失。
4．From this voluntary activity，not only did I broaden my horizons but also I gained valuable experience.
通过这次志愿活动，我不仅开阔了视野，而且获得了宝贵的经验。
5．Only by comparing ourselves with others can we know the aspects we are weak in，and then we’ll make
efforts to improve ourselves to a higher level.
只有通过将自己与他人进行比较我们才能知道自己薄弱的地方，然后我们就会努力将自己提升到一个更
高的水平。
6．I was having breakfast with my three children when the water started filling my home.我和我的三个孩子
正在吃早饭，这时海水开始灌到我家。
7．It occurred to him that he had forgot his wallet in the fire.他突然想起他的钱包落在大火里了。
8．Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.它
的墙新得好像昨天粉刷的；富丽堂皇的地板上没有一点颜色变化。
9．However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
然而，险恶的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资补给变得非常困难。
Dear faculty members, students, and parents:
Good morning! Today， we gather to emphasize our school’s core value — life safety. As the principal， I
firmly believe that safety is far more than a set of rules; it is the foundation for every student’s healthy growth ，
every family’s cherished hope， and every educator’s sacred duty. Without safety as our anchor， dreams of
progress will struggle to take root; with safety， we can nurture resilience， pursue knowledge boldly， and
build lives of purpose.
We have made tangible progress in campus safety over the years， yet challenges linger: traffic risks on
commutes ， occasional peer conflicts that may worsen ， and hidden hazards of inappropriate online
interactions threatening emotional well-being. To address these， the school has strengthened campus security
patrols， updated key safety facilities， and conducted regular emergency drills — fire evacuation exercises and
basic first-aid training — equipping our community with practical skills to respond to risks calmly. But
safeguarding life safety is never the school’s sole task.
Beyond physical safety， we must value mental health — a crucial， often overlooked dimension of life
safety. Amid academic pressure and social changes， some students grapple with anxiety， loneliness， or self-
doubt. Unaddressed， these weaken mental well-being and disrupt life’s stability. Our school has a dedicated
counseling center with professional teachers and hosts regular mental health workshops. We encourage students to
speak openly about troubles， support one another with kindness， and remember seeking help is courage，
not weakness. Mental safety fuels emotional resilience， enabling us to face setbacks with strength and grow into
balanced individuals.
This collective effort requires all stakeholders’ commitment. Teachers should integrate safety education into
daily lessons， guiding students to recognize risks and stay alert to their emotional changes. Parents must fulfill
guardianship responsibilities， conversing openly with children about safety and modeling responsible behavior.
Most importantly， students should cultivate self-protection awareness: abide by school rules， treat peers with
respect， avoid dangerous behaviors， and prioritize physical and mental health. A moment of carelessness may
bring irreversible consequences， but lifelong safety awareness will light your brightest future.
Let us join hands and act today. Let safety become a habit rooted in every heart， a criterion guiding every
decision， and a promise we uphold for one another. Together ， we will build a safe campus where every
student grows freely， pursues dreams boldly， and blooms into wonderful individuals!
Thank you!
全文翻译
亲爱的教职工、同学们和家长们：
早上好！今天，我们齐聚于此，强调我校的核心价值观——生命安全。作为校长，我坚信安全远不
止是一系列规则；它是每个学生健康成长的基石，每个家庭的殷切希望，也是每位教育工作者的神圣职
责。没有安全作为保障，进步的梦想将难以扎根；有了安全，我们才能培养坚韧的品质，勇敢地追求知
识，过上有意义的生活。
多年来，我们在校园安全方面取得了切实的进展，但挑战依然存在：上下学途中的交通风险、偶尔
可能升级的同伴冲突，以及不恰当的网络互动对学生心理健康构成的潜在威胁。为应对这些问题，学校
加强了校园安全巡逻，更新了关键的安全设施，并定期开展应急演练——包括火灾疏散演习和基本急救
培训——让全体师生掌握应对风险的实用技能，能够冷静应对。但保障生命安全绝不仅仅是学校的任务
除了身体安全，我们还必须重视心理健康——这是生命安全中至关重要却常被忽视的一个方面。在学业
压力和社会变革的背景下，一些学生正与焦虑、孤独或自我怀疑作斗争。如果这些问题得不到解决，将
会损害他们的心理健康，扰乱生活的稳定。我校设有专门的心理咨询中心，配备专业教师，并定期举办
心理健康讲座。我们鼓励学生坦诚地倾诉烦恼，友善地相互支持，要记住，寻求帮助是勇敢的表现，而
非软弱的象征。心理健康能增强我们的情绪恢复能力，让我们有力量面对挫折，成长为全面发展的人。
这项集体行动需要所有利益相关者的共同努力。教师应将安全教育融入日常教学，引导学生识别风
险，关注自身情绪变化。家长必须履行监护责任，与孩子坦诚地交流安全问题，并以身作则，树立负责
任的行为榜样。最重要的是，同学们要培养自我保护意识：遵守校规校纪，尊重同学，避免危险行为，
将身心健康放在首位。一时的疏忽可能会带来不可挽回的后果，但终身的安全意识将照亮你们最美好的
未来。
让我们携手共进，从今天做起。让安全成为扎根于每个人心中的习惯，成为指导我们每一个决策的
准则，成为我们对彼此的承诺。让我们共同打造一个安全的校园，让每个学生都能自由成长，勇敢追梦
绽放出属于自己的光彩！ 谢谢大家！
知识拓展
①校园安全法规：各国都有相关的校园安全法规，例如美国的《校园安全法》，要求学校制定安全计划、
进行安全培训等。中国也出台了一系列政策文件，如《中小学幼儿园安全管理办法》，对校园安全的各
个方面进行规范。
②心理健康问题现状：根据世界卫生组织的数据，全球青少年心理疾病的发病率呈上升趋势。在中国，
也有研究表明，约20% - 30%的青少年存在不同程度的心理问题，如焦虑、抑郁等。
③心理健康干预措施：除了学校设立心理咨询中心和开展心理健康教育活动外，一些国家还建立了专业
的心理健康服务热线，为学生提供24 小时的心理支持。例如美国的全国自杀预防生命线，为有心理危机
的人群提供及时的帮助。
④网络安全问题：随着互联网的普及，网络安全成为校园安全的重要组成部分。网络欺凌、网络诈骗等
问题日益突出，对学生的身心健康造成威胁。一些国家和地区出台了相关法律法规，打击网络犯罪行为
保护学生的网络安全。
⑤家校合作模式：许多学校都在积极探索家校合作的有效模式，共同关注学生的安全和心理健康。例如
通过家长会、家长学校等形式，提高家长对校园安全和心理健康的认识，加强家长与学校之间的沟通与
合作。
重点单词
1._____________ v. 聚集
2. _____________ v. 强调
3. _____________ adj. 核心的
4. _____________ adj. 切实的
5. _____________ v. 培养
6. _____________ v. 追求
7. _____________ v. 融入
8. _____________ adj. 重要的
9．_____________ v. 实现
10．_____________ adj. 专心致志的
【答案】1.gather 2. emphasize 3. core 4. tangible 5. nurture 6. pursue 7. integrate 8. crucial 9．fulfill 10．
dedicated
熟词生义
1.
address 熟词：n. 地址 文章义：
2. value 熟词： n. 价值观 文章义：
【答案】1. 解决2.珍视
、派生词
1._____________ n. 公司adj. 紧密的，紧紧的→_____________adv. 坚固地，牢固地；强而有力地；坚决
地
2. _____________adj. 安全→_____________n. 安全
3. _____________v. 成长→_____________n. 成长
4. _____________ v. 建立→_____________n. 基础
5. _____________adj. 可逆的，可恢复原状的，可医治的；可翻转 ，可两面穿的，正反两用的
→i_____________ adj. 不可逆转的
6. _____________n. 机会，场合→_____________adj. 偶尔的
7. _____________adj. 糟糕的 →_____________v.（使）恶化，（使）更糟
8. _____________ adj. 合适的，相称的→_____________adj. 不合适的，不相称的
9. _____________ n. 威胁→_____________v. 威胁
10. _____________adj. 知道的，明白的；察觉到的，意识到的；有……意识的，有…… 知识的
→_____________n. 意识
12．____________ vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n．报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，
新闻界→_____________ n．心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
12.______________ adj. 忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→+_____________ adv. 焦急地
→_________ n．担心；焦虑；渴望
13. _____________ adj.孤独的→ _______________ n. 孤独
14. ____________ n. 职业→_______________ adj. 职业的
15. _____________ v.犯（罪、错）；调拨，投入；（使）承诺，承担义务；郑重承诺，忠于→
_______________ adj. 尽心尽力的，忠诚的→_______________ n. 忠诚，献身；承诺，保证；奉献，投入；
热情，决心；义务，责任；花费
【答案】1. firm, firmly 2. safe, safety 3. grow, growth 4. found, foundation 5. reversible, irreversible 6. occasion,
occasional 7. worse, worsen 8. appropriate, inappropriate 9. threat, threaten 10. aware, awareness 11.press,
pressure 12. anxious, anxiously, anxiety 13. lonely, loneliness 14.profession, professional 15.
commit ,committed ,commitment
合成词
1.work+ shop =workshops n. ______
2. stake + holder= stakeholders n. ________
3. self+ protect =self - protection ___________
4. guardian + ship= guardianship n. _____________
【答案】1. 研讨会 2. 利益相关者 3. 自我保护 4. 监护
重点短语
1. _______________努力去做某事
2. ______________ 生根，扎根
3. ________________用……武装……
4. ________________对……做出回应
【答案】 1. struggle to do sth. 2. take foot 3. equip …with… 4. respond to
长难句分析
1. As the principal， I firmly believe that safety is far more than a set of rules; it is the foundation for every
student’s healthy growth， every family’s cherished hope， and every educator’s sacred duty. 句意：作为校长
分析：本句中“As the principal”是介词短语作状语，“that safety is far more …every educator’s sacred duty”
是______。在这个宾语从句中，由分号连接两个并列的句子，前一个句子“safety is far more than a set of
rules”是 结构，后一个句子“it is the foundation for...”同样是主系表结构，“it”指代“
”。
翻译：我坚信安全远不止是一套规则；它是每个学生健康成长的基础，每个家庭的殷切希望，也是每位
教育工作者的神圣职责。
【答案】1.宾语从句，主系表， safety
(2025 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I 卷)英语真题C)While safety improvements might
have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian(行人) mobility,
especially among young children. Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to
walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new
book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets
and the role they play in our lives.
Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for
new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian
journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her
local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her
mayor(市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns
occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were
completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing
rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty - six million people, among the
highest rate of car ownership in the world.
We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really
recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities? The authors of
Movement have it right: it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door.
28.What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1?
A. Cars often get stuck on the road.
B. Traffic accidents occur frequently.
C. People walk less and drive more.
D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.
29. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do?
A. Keep their cities livable.
B. Promote cultural diversity.
C. Help the needy families.
D. Make expressways accessible.
30. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s?
A. They boosted the sales of cars.
B. They turned out largely ineffective.
C. They won government support.
D. They advocated building new parks.
31. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Why the Rush? B. What's Next? C. Where to Stay?
D. Who to Blame?
【篇章导读】本文是一篇议论文，通过引述荷兰作者的新书《出行之道》，批评了城市街道设计过度服
务汽车、忽视行人尤其是儿童出行安全的问题，呼呼人们重新思考街道的功能，建设适宜居民生活的城
市环境。
28. C
细节理解题。 由第一段中的"declines in pedestrian mobility, especially among young
children"及"parents pack them into the car instead"可知，行人(尤其儿童)步行减少而汽车使用增加，即"人们
步行更少、开车更多"(People walk less and drive more)，故选C 项。
29. A 细节理解题。 由第三段中加拿大记者Jane Jacobs 呼吁市长将纽约打造为"a decent place to live"(宜
居之地)并反对修建高速路可知，她与其他抗议者的核心目标是"保持城市宜居性”(Keep their cities
livable)，故选A 项。
30. B 推理判断题。 由第四段首句"the majority of western cities were completely redesigned around the
needs of the motor car"及澳大利亚汽车拥有率全球领先的数据可知，尽管发生过抗议，城市规划仍以汽车
为中心，即这些运动"基本未奏效"(turned out largely ineffective).故选B 项，
31. A 标题归纳题。全文围绕汽车文化导致的"匆忙通行"(rush through)展开批判，末段直指问题核心"Do
we recognise what it costs..?"(我们是否意识到代价?)，A 项"Why the Rush?"(为何匆忙?)以设问形式点明主
旨，故选A 项。
重点单词
1. ________ n. 下降
2. ________ v. 使担忧
3. ________ n. 惊恐
4. ________ adj. 宜居的
5. ________ v. 意识到
6. ________ v. 使改变
熟词生义
1. champion 熟义：n. 冠军 文章义：v. ________
派生词
1. destroy v. 摧毁→________ n. 破坏
2. improve v. 提高，改善→________ n. 改善
3. mobile adj. 移动的→________ n. 流动(性)
4. propose v. 建议→________ adj. 提议的
5. replace v. 取代→________ n. 取代
6. major v. 主修→________ n. 大多数
合成词
1.
express +way =expressway n. ________________
2.
wide+ spread =widespread adj. ________________
3. owner+ ship =ownership n. ________________
重点短语
1. ________________ 在(有限空间里)塞进(大量的人)
2. ________________ 夺回
3. ________________ (公开)要求
4. ________________ 给让路
5. ________________ 反击
6. ________________ 呼呼某人做某事
7. ________________ 快速通过
8. ________________ 考虑到
难句剖析
In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, the call for a rethink of
our streets and the role they play in our lives.
翻译：在他们的新书《出行之道: 如何夺回我们的街道并改变我们的生活》中，作者呼吁重新审视街道及
其在我们生活中扮演的角色。
分析：本句主干是they call for a rethink； of our streets and the role they play in our lives 是介词短语作
________修饰rethink，其中they play in our lives 是省略that /which 的________，修饰role。
【答案】
重点单词： 1.decline 2.bother 3.alarm 4.decent 5. recognize 6. transform
熟词生义：捍卫
派生词：1. destruction 2. improvement 3. mobility 4. proposed 5. replacement 6. major
合成词：1. 高速公路 2.广泛的 3. 所有权
重点短语：1.pack sb. into sth. 2.take back 3.call for 4.make way for 5.fight back
6.call on sb. to do sth. 7.rush through 8.account for
难句分析：1. 后置定语 2.定语从句
阅读理解
Passage 1
【生命安全】
Aurora Nikula, 5, is having a normal day at her nursery. She is making a cake out of sand and mud, adding in
make-believe carrots, potatoes and meat. Aki Sinkkonen, a scientist, is watching. He’s also very interested in
Aurora’s cake, but for different reasons. “Perfect,” he says, admiring the way she is mixing soil, sand and leaves
and then putting it on her face. “She’s really getting her hands in it.”
To a hygiene-conscious (注重卫生的) kindergarten, this could be a problem, but at Humpula daycare centre in
Helsinki, children are encouraged to increase their contact with the microscopic ( 显微的) biodiversity. This
kindergarten was included in a two-year study looking at how biodiversity enhancements affect the microbial
composition of children’s skin and saliva.
The staff dug up and installed a giant live carpet of forest floor. The plants, dead wood and soil in the daycare
centre were specially selected for their rich micro-biodiversity. Children grow carrots, potatoes and cucumbers,
harvesting and cooking what they plant. When winter approaches, the crops fade — but the outdoor adventures do
not.
A year later, it found that children who were in contact with nature had a lower probability of catching an
illness resulting from disorders in the immune system. The results support the “old friends” hypothesis (假设) that
humans evolved alongside microbes in air, plants and soil. The body can exchange useful microbes with the
natural world to stay healthy. Without contact with these organisms — through soil, plants, and air — immune
function can become overactive, leading to disease.
The kindergartens provide evidence of just how crucial healthy ecosystems are to human health. As
biodiversity, habitats and wild species are lost around the planet, there is huge potential harm for human
wellbeing. Increasing on site biodiversity can be a win-win for children’s health and the environment.
Based on that, the University of Sheffield has done research on installing green barriers around school
playgrounds to prevent air pollution from harming children’s health. Hunter’s Bar infant school in Sheffield
created a 70-metre-long fence of plants that wraps around the playground. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations
in the playground were reduced by 13% six months after planting, and further decreases are expected as the fence
matures.
1. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Guided hands-on practice.
B. Kids’ exposure to dirt and mud.
C. Delicious homemade food for kids.
D. The diversity of species in nurseries.
2. What did the staff at Humpula daycare centre do?
A. Rewild their kindergarten.
B. Grow a forest in the backyard.
C. Expand forest education among kids.
D. Introduce kids to sustainable farming.
3. Why does nature contact reduce people’s chance of getting sick?
A. It uplifts their mood.
B. It enhances co-evolution.
C. It removes harmful microbes.
D. It balances their immune system.
4. Why does the author mention the Sheffield study?
A. To advocate for green schools.
B. To give direction for further research.
C. To promote healthy growth in school children.
D. To show an application of the research finding.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了赫尔辛基一所幼儿园让孩子接触泥土与自然生物多样性的实践，
研究表明这能平衡免疫系统、保护健康，并延伸应用到校园绿色防护设施。
1. 词句猜测题。根据第一段“She is making a cake out of sand and mud, adding in make-believe carrots,
potatoes and meat.(她正在用沙子和泥做蛋糕，里面加上假装的胡萝卜、土豆和肉。)”和第二段“To a
hygiene-conscious (注重卫生的) kindergarten, this could be a problem, but at Humpula daycare centre in
Helsinki, children are encouraged to increase their contact with the microscopic (显微的) biodiversity.(在注重卫
生的幼儿园里，这可能是个问题，但在赫尔辛基的洪普拉日托中心，却鼓励孩子们增加与微生物多样性
的接触。)”可知，this 指代孩子们接触泥土、泥沙的行为。故选B 项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段“The staff dug up and installed a giant live carpet of forest floor. The plants, dead
wood and soil in the daycare centre were specially selected for their rich micro-biodiversity.(工作人员铺设了一
大片鲜活的森林地表层。日托中心里的植物、枯木和土壤都因丰富的微生物多样性而被精心挑选。)”可知，
工作人员对幼儿园进行了自然野化改造。故选A 项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段“Without contact with these organisms — through soil, plants, and air — immune
function can become overactive, leading to disease.(如果不通过土壤、植物和空气接触这些微生物，免疫功
能就会变得过于活跃，从而引发疾病。)”可知，接触自然可以平衡免疫系统，降低患病几率。故选D 项。
4.推理判断题。根据第五段“The kindergartens provide evidence of just how crucial healthy ecosystems are to
human health. As biodiversity, habitats and wild species are lost around the planet, there is huge potential harm for
human wellbeing. Increasing on site biodiversity can be a win-win for children’s health and the environment.(这
些幼儿园恰恰证明了健康的生态系统对人类健康至关重要。随着全球生物多样性、栖息地和野生物种不
断消失，人类福祉面临巨大潜在威胁。提升校园内的生物多样性，对儿童健康和环境而言是双赢之举。)”
和第六段“Based on that, the University of Sheffield has done research on installing green barriers around school
playgrounds to prevent air pollution from harming children’s health.(基于这一研究结果，谢菲尔德大学开展了
在学校操场周围安装绿色屏障以防止空气污染危害儿童健康的研究。)”可知，作者提及谢菲尔德的研究是
为了展示前文研究成果的实际应用。故选D 项。
Passage 2
A girl who turns up to school dressed head-to-toe in pink will probably pass unnoticed. If a boy does the
same, he will inevitably face stares. Even the most non-traditional parent would think twice about exposing their
son to that.
Children start paying attention to gender differences much earlier than some parents realize, according to
psychologist Christia Brown, “Society emphasizes that gender is important really early in a kid’s life,” she says.
“We label it a lot in our language — we use gender as nouns all the time. So we frequently say ‘oh, there’s that
girl’ or ‘come on boys, let’s go get in the car.’” Research suggests children’s recognition of gender is more due to
adults pointing it out than any inborn awareness of it.
Gendered toys credit certain types of skills and strengths to one gender or the other. So, when a child only
plays with toys marketed for their gender, they learn a certain set of skills but do not engage as much in other
types of learning. This can lead to imbalanced development in boys and girls as they grow older.
The biggest concern around buying gendered toys is that they can impact how children see themselves.
Gendered representation imposes (强加于) society’s ideas of what they should like and do instead of letting them
choose for themselves what their interests and hobbies are. This can have influence on what that child decides to
study in school and ultimately choose as a career.
Many retailers have made real progress over the last few years, dropping gender labels in stores and online
— a new research shows a 70% decrease in the use of online gender navigation options since 2012 — but there’s
still work to do to challenge the stereotyped (老一套的) ways that toys are often packaged and promoted.
Researchers hope that one day, toys will stop being broken up by gender and will instead be categorized by
type, like puzzle toys, dolls or children’s bikes. There would still be dress-up dolls and monster toy trucks in that
world, but instead of being just pink or blue, they would come in every color of the rainbow. Toy choices should
be based on kids’ personal interests, and not on their gender.
5. What does Christia Brown say about gender differences?
A. They are probably unnoticed.
B. They are socially constructed.
C. They are biologically determined.
D. They are universally acknowledged.
6. What aspects of children are negatively affected by gendered toys?
A. Their academic performance.
B. Their interpersonal relationship.
C. Their behaviours and attitudes.
D. Their physical strength and fitness.
7. What should we put efforts to change?
A. How the toys are marketed.
B. Where the toys are sold.
C. When the toys are rolled out.
D. Who the toys are targeted at.
8. What do the researchers expect of future toys?
A. They should be colourful.
B. They should be gender-neutral.
C. They should cater to kids’ tastes.
D. They should cover wider categories.
【答案】5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了性别化玩具对儿童发展的负面影响及未来玩具应去性别化
的期望。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Research suggests children’s recognition of gender is more due to adults
pointing it out than any inborn awareness of it.(研究表明，孩子对性别的认知更多源于成年人的刻意强调，
而非天生就有这种意识)”可知，Christia Brown 认为性别差异是社会构建的。故选B。
6.推理判断题。根据第四段“The biggest concern around buying gendered toys is that they can impact how
children see themselves. Gendered representation imposes (强加于) society’s ideas of what they should like and
do instead of letting them choose for themselves what their interests and hobbies are. This can have influence on
what that child decides to study in school and ultimately choose as a career.(购买性别化玩具最大的担忧是，它
们会影响孩子对自己的看法。性别化的表现强加了社会对他们应该喜欢和做什么的看法，而不是让他们
自己选择自己的兴趣爱好。这可能会影响孩子在学校选择学习的内容，并最终影响他们选择的职业)”可知，
性别化玩具对孩子的行为和态度产生负面影响。故选C。
7. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“but there’s still work to do to challenge the stereotyped (老一套的) ways that
toys are often packaged and promoted.(但是，要挑战玩具通常的包装和推广方式中的刻板印象，仍有许多工
作要做)”可知，我们应该努力改变玩具的营销方式。故选A。
8. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Researchers hope that one day, toys will stop being broken up by gender and
will instead be categorized by type, like puzzle toys, dolls or children’s bikes.(研究人员希望有一天，玩具不再
按性别分类，而是按类型分类，比如拼图玩具、娃娃或儿童自行车)”可知，研究人员期望未来的玩具应该
是性别中立的。故选B。
Passage 3
阅读七选五
StoryTree is a website for sharing, encouraging, and recording personal and family memories and history. It
can be done online or offline, in real-time, or in your own time, all in a fun and simple new way. ____1____ All
of them work well together to support each other.
____2____ StoryTree is different. It lets you “tap” those photos and stories into your digital journal and
topical memory books. Everyone belonging to your StoryTree can add and read the entries in real time, or at any
time!
Additionally, once a week StoryTree sends everyone in a StoryTree group an interesting prompt (提示) into
their StoryChat as well as to their emails, to help bring back memories and encourage reflection and discussion.
____3____ (But if your brother tells a big fish story, you will surely want to correct it with the true version!)
And if you prefer to save your stories and memories in an additional “private journal”, you can simply create
a synchronized (同步的) personal StoryTree that only you can see. ____4____ In fact, create as many StoryTrees
as you like, and synchronize as many as you like too!
____5____ It’s like having a kind and curious author come to your home whenever you want and have her
interview you to compose your personal or family biography. Who doesn’t want to have a personal history book
written for them? There are over 700 questions in five categories the StoryBook interviewer can ask you, all about
your life and family, at your leisure.
The fourth and final key tool is StoryBox. It can hold all your old photos, videos, memorable documents,
talks, artwork, schoolwork to either store or to sort out later.
A. StoryTree does all of this through four key tools.
B. Memories can only be shared and preserved alone.
C. Each person can read it and respond, or not, as they like.
D. StoryTree can also serve as an “automated life-story writer”.
E. Or just use StoryTree as a private journal without any group Tree at all.
F. It can record whatever you put into your group StoryTree — automatically!
G. Most apps let shared photos and life experiences be “Here today, gone tomorrow”.
【答案】1. A 2. G 3. C 4. E 5. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为StoryTree 的网站，该网站通过四种关键工具帮助
用户以新颖有趣的方式分享、鼓励和记录个人及家庭记忆和历史。
1.根据上文“StoryTree is a website for sharing, encouraging, and recording personal and family memories and
history. It can be done online or offline, in real-time, or in your own time, all in a fun and simple new way.
( StoryTree 是一个用于分享、鼓励和记录个人和家庭记忆与历史的网站。它可以在线或离线进行，实时进
行，或在你自己的时间进行，所有这些都以一种有趣而简单的新方式完成)”以及下文“All of them work
well together to support each other.(它们都能很好地协同工作，相互支持)”可推知，此处需要一个承上启下
的句子，引出StoryTree 实现这些功能的工具。A 项“StoryTree does all of this through four key tools.
( StoryTree 通过四个关键工具完成所有这些)”既总结了前文的功能，又引出了后文的“them”指代的工具，
符合语境。故选A。
2.根据下文“StoryTree is different. It lets you “tap” those photos and stories into your digital journal and topical
memory books. (StoryTree 是不同的。它让你把那些照片和故事“点击”到你的数字日记和主题记忆书中)”
可推知，上文应先描述其他应用的不足之处，以突出StoryTree 的不同。G 项“Most apps let shared photos
and life experiences be “Here today, gone tomorrow”.(大多数应用程序让共享的照片和生活经历“今天在这里，
明天就消失了”)”描述了其他应用的缺点，与下文“StoryTree is different.”形成对比，符合语境。故选
G。
3.根据上文“Additionally, once a week StoryTree sends everyone in a StoryTree group an interesting prompt (提
示) into their StoryChat as well as to their emails, to help bring back memories and encourage reflection and
discussion.(此外，StoryTree 每周向StoryTree 群组中的每个人发送一个有趣的提示到他们的StoryChat 以及
电子邮件中，以帮助唤起记忆并鼓励反思和讨论)”以及下文“But if your brother tells a big fish story, you
will surely want to correct it with the true version!(但如果你哥哥讲了一个夸大的故事，你肯定想用真实版本
来纠正它！)”可推知，此处应说明收到提示后群组成员的反应方式。C 项“Each person can read it and
respond, or not, as they like.(每个人都可以阅读它并作出回应，或者不作回应，由他们自己决定)”承接前文
的提示发送，解释了成员可自由选择是否回应，与下文“纠正故事”形成转折关系，符合语境。故选C。
4. 根据上文“And if you prefer to save your stories and memories in an additional “private journal”, you can
simply create a synchronized (同步的) personal StoryTree that only you can see.(如果你更喜欢在额外的“私人
日记”中保存你的故事和记忆，你可以简单地创建一个同步的个人StoryTree，只有你能看到)”以及下文
“In fact, create as many StoryTrees as you like, and synchronize as many as you like too!(事实上，创建尽可能
多的StoryTree，并同步尽可能多的StoryTree！)”可推知，此处应进一步说明私人日记的使用方式。E 项
“Or just use StoryTree as a private journal without any group Tree at all.(或者只是将StoryTree 用作私人日记，
完全没有任何群组树)”与前文“private journal”呼应，说明可以完全不使用群组功能，符合语境。故选E。
5.根据下文“It’s like having a kind and curious author come to your home whenever you want and have her
interview you to compose your personal or family biography. Who doesn’t want to have a personal history book
written for them? There are over 700 questions in five categories the StoryBook interviewer can ask you, all about
your life and family, at your leisure.(这就像有一个善良而好奇的作者在你想让她来的时候来到你家，采访你，
为你撰写个人或家庭传记。谁不想有一本为自己写的个人历史书呢？StoryBook 采访者可以问你五个类别
的700 多个问题，都是关于你的生活和家庭的，在你方便的时候)”可推知，此处应引出StoryTree 作为自
动传记撰写工具的功能。D 项“StoryTree can also serve as an “automated life-story writer”.(StoryTree 还可以
作为“自动化人生故事撰写者”)”概括了后文描述的自动采访和撰写传记的功能，符合语境。故选D。
完形填空
Passage 5
Another wildly bright flash of lightning cracked in the sky I 1 threw myself into my mum’s arms
with fear. “We should leave here right away!” I said in a 2 tone. Dad refused my request again because
the city had already been 3 severely.
Mum held my hand tightly and tried her best to make me 4 . Dad turned on the flashlight, sat
down and hugged us. “What about Mrs. Thomson? Old and weak, she must be extremely 5 .” Mum said
when she thought about our nice 6 , who lived alone upstairs. After a brief discussion, Mum and Dad
decided to 7 whether Mrs. Thomson was safe.
Then we went upstairs step by step. When we finally 8 Mrs. Thomson’s door, Dad knocked
gently but firmly. After what felt like an eternity ( 永恒), the door opened, showing Mrs. Thomson’s 9
face. “Thank goodness you’re here” she whispered, her voice trembling. We quickly 10 her back
downstairs to our apartment, where we all huddled together, finding a 11 in each other’s company.
Suddenly, a bunch of searching 12 from a rescue boat flashed across Mrs. Thomson’s window.
Within minutes, the rescue team arrived, 13 us all into the boat safely. As we sailed away, I looked
back, feeling 14 for our bravery and love. It was our bravery and love that had kept us together through
the 15 .
1．A．actually
B．especially
C．immediately
D．extremely
2．A．crying
B．ordering
C．smiling
D．forgiving
3．A．managed
B．protected
C．charged
D．flooded
4．A．check in
B．calm down
C．signed up
D．swept away
5．A．generous
B．curious
C．pleased
D．helpless
6．A．neighbor
B．host
C．captain
D．leader
7．A．contrast
B．persuade
C．confirm
D．reply
8．A．measured
B．reached
C．interrupted
D．recovered
9．A．frightened
B．awkward
C．disappointed
D．ordinary
10．A．puzzled
B．hit
C．warned
D．led
11．A．memory
B．relief
C．threat
D．symbol
12．A．software
B．system
C．light
D．task
13．A．conquering
B．attacking
C．investigating
D．assisting
14．A．grateful
B．familiar
C．creative
D．positive
15．A．conference
B．disaster
C．request
D．application
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D
11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了暴雨洪涝灾害中，作者一家因城市被淹无法撤离，担心独居邻居
汤姆森太太安全并前去救助，最终与她一同被救援队安全转移，勇气与爱助大家共度难关。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：又一道明亮的闪电划过天空，我恐惧地立刻扑进妈妈的怀抱。A. actually
实际上；B. especially 尤其；C. immediately 立刻；D. extremely 极其。根据前文“Another wildly bright
flash of lightning cracked in the sky”提到“闪电划破天空”，后文“threw myself into my mum’s arms with
fear”提到“吓得扑进妈妈怀里”，由此可知，扑进妈妈怀里是即时动作。故选C 项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我带着哭腔说道。A. crying 带着哭腔的；B. ordering 命令式的；C.
smiling 微笑的；D. forgiving 宽恕的。根据前文“threw myself into my mum’s arms with fear”害怕扑进妈妈
怀里，以及“We should leave here right away!”要求立刻离开，可知，“我”带着哭腔说道。故选A 项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸又一次拒绝了我的请求，因为这个城市已经被严重的洪水淹没了。A.
managed 管理；B. protected 保护；C. charged 充电，指控；D. flooded 被淹没。根据下文“____13____ us
all into the boat safely”可知，这个城市已经被严重的洪水淹没了。故选D 项。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：妈妈紧紧地握着我的手，尽力使我平静下来。A. check in 登记；B. calm
down 冷静下来；C. signed up 报名；D. swept away 冲走。根据句意以及上文“Mum held my hand tightly”
可知，妈妈紧紧握我的手，目的是让“害怕的我”平静下来。故选B 项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她又老又弱，一定非常无助。A. generous 慷慨的；B. curious 好奇的；C.
pleased 高兴的；D. helpless 无助的。根据上文“Old and weak”提到又老又弱，由此可知，她一定非常无助。
故选D 项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈想起了我们那位住在楼上、独自生活的好邻居。A. neighbor 邻居；B.
host 主人；C. captain 队长；D. leader 领导。根据后文“who lived alone upstairs”可知，汤姆森夫人是“邻
居”。故选A 项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过简短的讨论，父母决定确认一下汤姆森夫人是否安全。A. contrast 对
比；B. persuade 说服；C. confirm 确认；D. reply 回复。根据下文“whether Mrs. Thomson was safe”可知，
爸妈担心汤姆森夫人，讨论后决定去“核实”她是否安全。故选C 项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们终于走到汤姆森夫人家的门口时，爸爸轻轻地但坚定地敲门。A.
measured 测量；B. reached 到达；C. interrupted 打断；D. recovered 恢复。根据前文“went upstairs step by
step”（一步步上楼），后文“knocked the door”（敲门）可知，中间动作是“到达门口”。故选B 项。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过了好久，门开了，露出了汤姆森夫人惊恐的面孔。A. frightened 害怕
的；B. awkward 尴尬的；C. disappointed 失望的；D. ordinary 普通的。根据上文内容可知，灾害中独自在
家，开门时应是“害怕的”表情，后文“voice trembling”（声音颤抖）也印证了这一点。故选A 项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们迅速带她回到楼下我们的公寓，我们都挤在一起，在彼此的陪伴下
找到了一种解脱。A. puzzled 使困惑；B. hit 击打；C. warned 警告；D. led 带领。根据下文“her back
downstairs to our apartment”可知，我们担心汤姆森夫人的安全，找到她后应是“带领她下楼”到安全的公
寓。故选D 项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们迅速带她回到楼下我们的公寓，我们都挤在一起，在彼此的陪伴下
找到了一种解脱。A. memory 记忆；B. relief 慰藉；C. threat 威胁；D. symbol 象征。根据上文“where we
all huddled together”可知，“大家挤在一起”，在灾害中相互陪伴会带来“慰藉、安心”。故选B 项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，一束搜救船上的探照灯从汤姆森夫人的窗户上闪过。A. software 软
件；B. system 系统；C. light 灯；D. task 任务。根据后文 “from a rescue boat flashed across the window”
（救援船的…… 闪过窗户），结合 “searching”（搜寻）可知是“搜救灯光”。故选C 项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，救援队赶到了，帮助我们所有人安全上了船。A. conquering
征服；B. attacking 攻击；C. investigating 调查；D. assisting 帮助。根据上文“Within minutes, the rescue
team arrived”可知，救援队到达后，应是“协助大家安全登上船”。故选D 项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们驶离时，我回头看了看，为我们的勇敢和爱而感恩。A. grateful
感激的；B. familiar 熟悉的；C. creative 有创造力的；D. positive 积极的。根据后文“for our bravery and
love”（为勇气和爱），结合“度过灾害”的结果，应是“庆幸、感激”。故选A 项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：是我们的勇敢和爱让我们在灾难中团结在一起。A. conference 会议；B.
disaster 灾害；C. request 请求；D. application 申请。通读全文可知，全文围绕“闪电、洪水、救援”展开，
核心是“自然灾害”。故选B 项。
Passage 6
Born in June 2019 at a police dog breeding base, Barton had a severely underdeveloped left foreleg,
making it difficult for him to walk. The vets believed Barton would never live 16 and suggested ending
his life in a humane way.
But the decision was hard to make as Barton showed a strong 17 to live. Each time watching
other dogs train, he would jump on his three legs as if desperate to 18 them. Soon, Barton’s persistence
caught the 19 of Mike, a skilled police dog handler with decades of experience. He decided to take a
chance on the 20 dog.
At first, Barton behaved badly but he never gave up. Eventually, in July 2021, Barton 21 . He
passed the official test and became a real police dog.
In fact, Barton wasn’t the only one who had 22 . Years earlier, Mike had lost his first police dog,
Kelin — his loyal partner of nearly a decade. The loss made him 23 training dogs. Then, in 2016, a
severe training 24 put Mike in a situation where he could no longer run or train as before, and his spirits
25 .
That changed when Barton came into his life. Watching the three-legged dog throw himself into every
26 , never once giving up, Mike was 27 . Inspired by Barton’s strength, he began 28
himself, training alongside his active partner.
Together, they have 29 each other — a man who once lost his 30 and a dog who was
never supposed to survive.
16．A．confidently
B．normally
C．bravely
D．simply
17．A．skill
B．ability
C．reason
D．will
18．A．attack
B．disturb
C．join
D．bite
19．A．attention
B．heart
C．imagination
D．breath
20．A．depressed
B．determined
C．clever
D．quiet
21．A．got it
B．meant it
C．hit it
D．made it
22．A．waited
B．succeeded
C．struggled
D．complained
23．A．start
B．continue
C．quit
D．enjoy
24．A．injury
B．course
C．plan
D．form
25．A．rose
B．sank
C．returned
D．remained
26．A．game
B．role
C．task
D．fight
27．A．puzzled
B．moved
C．relieved
D．amused
28．A．teaching
B．reminding
C．forgiving
D．rebuilding
29．A．healed
B．found
C．protected
D．understood
30．A．patience
B．memory
C．wealth
D．purpose
【答案】16．B 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．B 21．D 22．C 23．C 24．A
25．B 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了先天左前腿发育不全的警犬巴顿，凭借顽强的生存意志，在经
验丰富的训导员迈克的帮助下，克服重重困难，成功成为一名真正的警犬；同时，巴顿也激励了因失去
爱犬和受伤而意志消沉的迈克，二者互相治愈、彼此成就的励志故事。
16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：兽医们认为巴顿永远无法正常生活，并建议人道地结束它的生命。A.
confidently 自信地；B. normally 正常地；C. bravely 勇敢地；D. simply 简单地。根据前文“Barton had a
severely underdeveloped left foreleg, making it difficult for him to walk.(巴顿的左前腿严重发育不全，走路很
困难。)”可知，巴顿因身体残疾无法像正常狗狗一样生活。故选B。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这个决定很难做出，因为巴顿表现出了强烈的生存意志。A. skill 技能；
B. ability 能力；C. reason 原因；D. will 意志。根据后文“Each time watching other dogs train, he would jump
on his three legs as if desperate to ____ them.(每次看到其他狗训练，他都会用三条腿跳起来，仿佛迫切想
要……它们。)”可知，巴顿表现出强烈的求生欲望和意志。故选D。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次看到其他狗狗训练，它都会用三条腿跳起来，仿佛迫切想要加入它
们。A. attack 攻击；B. disturb 打扰；C. join 加入；D. bite 咬。根据前文“watching other dogs train(看着其
他狗狗训练)”可知，巴顿渴望加入到训练的队伍中。故选C。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，巴顿的坚持引起了迈克的注意，迈克是一位有着数十年经验的熟
练警犬训导员。A. attention 注意；B. heart 心；C. imagination 想象；D. breath 呼吸。根据后文“He decided
to take a chance on the ____ dog.(他决定在这只……的狗身上赌一把。)”可知，巴顿引起了迈克的关注。
catch one’s attention 为固定搭配，意为“引起某人的注意”。故选A。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他决定在这只意志坚定的狗身上赌一把。A. depressed 沮丧的；B.
determined 坚定的；C. clever 聪明的；D. quiet 安静的。根据前文“Barton’s persistence(巴顿的坚持)”以及
“he would jump on his three legs as if desperate to ____ them.(他都会用三条腿跳起来，仿佛迫切想要……它
们。)”它用三条腿努力想要加入训练的表现，可知巴顿意志坚定。故选B。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最终，在2021 年7 月，巴顿成功了。A. got it 明白了；B. meant it 认真的；
C. hit it 猜对；D. made it 成功。根据后文“He passed the official test and became a real police dog.(它通过了
官方测试，成为了一名真正的警犬。)”可知，巴顿成功了。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，巴顿并不是唯一一个曾挣扎过的。A. waited 等待；B. succeeded
成功；C. struggled 挣扎；D. complained 抱怨。根据后文“Years earlier, Mike had lost his first police dog,
Kelin — his loyal partner of nearly a decade.(多年前，迈克失去了他的第一只警犬凯琳——陪伴了他近十年
的忠诚伙伴。)”以及“a severe training ____ put Mike in a situation where he could no longer run or train as
before(一次严重的训练……让迈克陷入无法再像以前一样奔跑和训练的境地)”可知，迈克也经历过痛苦与
挣扎。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次失去让他放弃了训犬。A. start 开始；B. continue 继续；C. quit 放弃；
D. enjoy 享受。根据前文“Mike had lost his first police dog, Kelin — his loyal partner of nearly a decade.(迈克
失去了他的第一只警犬凯琳——陪伴了他近十年的忠诚伙伴。)”可知，失去爱犬让他放弃训犬。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，在2016 年，一次严重的训练受伤让迈克陷入了无法再像以前一样
奔跑和训练的境地，他的情绪也低落了。A. injury 受伤；B. course 课程；C. plan 计划；D. form 形式。根
据后文“he could no longer run or train as before(他无法再像以前一样奔跑和训练)”可知，迈克是在训练中
受伤了。故选A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在2016 年，一次严重的训练受伤让迈克陷入了无法再像以前一样
奔跑和训练的境地，他的情绪也低落了。A. rose 上升；B. sank 下沉，低落；C. returned 返回；D.
remained 保持。根据前文“a severe training ____ put Mike in a situation where he could no longer run or train
as before(一次严重的训练……让迈克陷入无法再像以前一样奔跑和训练的境地)”可知，接连的打击让迈克
情绪低落。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着这只三条腿的狗狗全身心投入每一项任务，从未放弃，迈克被感动
了。A. game 游戏；B. role 角色；C. task 任务；D. fight 战斗。根据前文“He passed the official test and
became a real police dog.(它通过了官方测试，成为了一名真正的警犬。)”可知，巴顿作为警犬认真投入每
一项训练与任务。故选C。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着这只三条腿的狗狗全身心投入每一项任务，从未放弃，迈克被感
动了。A. puzzled 困惑的；B. moved 感动的；C. relieved 放心的；D. amused 愉快的。根据后文“Inspired
by Barton’s strength(被巴顿的力量所鼓舞)”可知，迈克被巴顿的坚持感动了。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：被巴顿的力量所鼓舞，他开始重塑自我，和这位积极的伙伴一起训练。
A. teaching 教；B. reminding 提醒；C. forgiving 原谅；D. rebuilding 重塑。根据前文“Inspired by Barton’s
strength(被巴顿的力量所鼓舞)”，以及后文“training alongside his active partner(和这位积极的伙伴一起训
练)”可知，他开始重新振作、重塑自我。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一起治愈了彼此——一个曾经失去人生目标的男人，和一只本不该
存活的狗狗。A. healed 治愈；B. found 发现；C. protected 保护；D. understood 理解。根据前文“Watching
the three-legged dog throw himself into every ____, never once giving up, Mike was ____. Inspired by Barton’s
strength, he began ____ himself.(看着这只三条腿的狗狗全身心投入每一项……，从未放弃，迈克被……了。
受巴顿力量的鼓舞，他开始……自我。)”以及“He passed the official test and became a real police dog.(它通
过了官方测试，成为了一名真正的警犬。)”迈克帮助巴顿成为警犬的内容，可知二者互相治愈。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们一起治愈了彼此——一个曾经失去人生目标的男人，和一只本不该
存活的狗狗。A. patience 耐心；B. memory 记忆；C. wealth 财富；D. purpose 目标。根据前文“a severe
training ____ put Mike in a situation where he could no longer run or train as before, and his spirits____ (一次严
重的训练……让迈克陷入无法再像以前一样奔跑和训练的境地，他的情绪也……了。)”可知，迈克一度失
去生活与工作的目标与意义。故选D。
语法填空
Passage 7
I try as much as possible to listen to my parents when they try to teach me something. The 1
(important) lessons I’ve learned from my parents are to be hardworking and honest.
The hard-working characteristic is hard to develop but able to increase the 2 (possible) of
success. Once my father had to ride a tricycle from 6 am to 8 pm to earn money. Why would he do so? He wanted
3 (he) and us to have a better life. 4 (encourage) by my father’s efforts, I decided to work harder at
math 5 I was learning very badly. Thanks to my hard work, I 6 (final) managed to pull my
grade up just as my father tried hard to ride the tricycle.
Honesty is also
7
important character. A person without honesty could lose others’ trust and even
8 (get) unemployed. For example, when my father rode his tricycle to bring people from this place to the
other place, he took the same price 9 the other tricycle men. He once said to me that
1 0
(ask) more than others would make him lose his job. Therefore, whenever I do anything, I wouldn’t lie.
【答案】1．most important 2．possibility 3．himself 4．Encouraged 5．which/that 6．
finally 7．an 8．get 9．as 10．asking
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者从父母那里学到的重要品质——勤奋和诚实，并通过父亲
的故事来说明这些品质的重要性。
1．考查形容词最高级。句意：我从父母那里学到的最重要的教训是勤奋和诚实。根据语境，此处表示
“最重要的”，做定语修饰名词lessons，故填most important。
2．考查名词。句意：勤奋的特质很难培养，但能够增加成功的可能性。冠词修饰名词，作宾语，此处表
示“可能性”，用possibility，不可数名词，故填possibility。
3．考查反身代词。句意：他想要他自己和我们能过上更好的生活。主语和宾语指代同一事物，宾语用反
身代词，此处表示“他自己”，故填himself。
4．考查过去分词作状语。句意：受到父亲努力的鼓舞，我决定更加努力地学习我学得很差的数学。句子
的谓语动词是decided，故空格处用非谓语动词形式作状语，encourage 与逻辑主语I 之间是被动关系，故
用过去分词作状语，根据句意，此处表示“受到鼓舞”，故填Encouraged。
5．考查关系代词。句意：我决定更加努力地学习我学得很差的数学。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词
math，指物，且从句中作宾语，故用关系代词which 或者that，故填which/that。
6．考查副词。句意：多亏了我努力学习，最终，我成功地提高了成绩，就像父亲努力骑三轮车一样。空
格处修饰动词作状语，用副词形式，表示“最终”，故填finally。
7．考查冠词。句意：诚实也是一项重要的品质。根据句意，此处泛指“一项品质”，用不定冠词修饰，
且important 以元音音素开头，故填an。
8．考查动词。句意：一个不诚实的人可能会失去他人的信任，甚至失业。空格处与lose 并列作谓语，
could 后接动词原形，故填get。
9．考查介词。句意：例如，当我父亲骑着他的三轮车把人们从这个地方带到另一个地方时，他和其他三
轮车夫收取同样的价格。此处表示“和……一样”，用the same…as，故填as。
10．考查动名词。句意：他曾经对我说，向别人多要钱会让他失去工作。空格处为that 引导的宾语从句的
主语，用动名词形式。故填asking。
读后续写
Passage 8
Michael Cabeldu was driving along the dark highway outside Victoria. It was a clear November night, the
stars shining brightly overhead. But as he rounded a sharp bend, thick fog swallowed the road. Before he could
react, his car ran off the road. The vehicle crashed toward a cliff (悬崖) overlooking the ocean.
With a loud crash, the car hit a tree and tipped sideways. Michael, not wearing a seatbelt, was thrown
against the window. Pain shot through his body — his nose was broken, his face bloody. Worse, his bones were
broken in several places.
For hours, Michael couldn’t move in the broken car. When dawn came, he assessed his situation: he was
stuck deep in the woods, invisible from the road above. His phone was useless. No one knew where he was.
Gathering all his strength, he began the painful process of moving. Inch by inch, he dragged himself from
the passenger side to the driver’s seat, where he could rest. Outside, rain poured mercilessly. Days passed.
Michael survived on his few supplies — a lamb dinner, chocolate bars, and a bottle of water. He tried lighting a
fire for rescue signals, but the rain ruined every attempt.
By the fourth day, hope was fading. Then, magically, he heard voices. Two university students, Ethan and
Will, had spotted the car during a biking trip. “It’s probably just abandoned,” Ethan said. But something about the
vehicle’s position — tilted ( 倾斜的) at an odd angle — made Will uneasy. “Let’s take a closer look,” he
suggested.
The hillside was overgrown with bushes that tore at their clothes as they picked their way down. “Hello? Is
anyone there?” About thirty feet from the car, they heard it — a weak but unmistakable cry for help. They climbed
down and forced open the driver’s door, finding Michael shaking and weak.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The students called 911 immediately.
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Then Michael was airlifted to the hospital.
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【参考范文】
The students called 911 immediately. They clearly told the rescuers their exact location and Michael’s critical
condition, begging for quick help. Meanwhile, Ethan stayed with Michael to keep him awake, talking gently to
ease his fear, while Will went back to the road to guide the rescuers. They covered Michael with their jackets to
keep him warm and gave him small sips of water to prevent dehydration. They kept encouraging him, assuring
him that help was on the way, which gave Michael the strength to hold on.
Then Michael was airlifted to the hospital. Doctors gave him timely treatment for his broken bones and
injuries, and after weeks of careful care, he gradually recovered. When he saw Ethan and Will again, he thanked
them sincerely, saying their kindness had saved his life. The two students smiled and said it was just what anyone
would do. Michael learned a precious lesson: a small act of kindness can make a great difference in a life-or-death
situation.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Michael 在高速公路上因大雾车祸被困悬崖边的树林中，历经四
天艰难求生，最终被骑行的大学生Ethan 和Will 发现，获得救援的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写
① 由第一段首句“学生们立即拨打了911。”可知，接下来可描写学生拨打急救电话后的举动：安抚
Michael、告知急救人员具体位置、给Michael 保暖、补充少量水分，缓解他的紧张和虚弱，等待救援人
员到来。
② 由第二段首句“然后Michael 被空运到了医院。”可知，接下来可描写Michael 被空运到医院后的治疗
情况、康复过程，以及他康复后对两位学生的感谢。
2. 续写线索 拨打911 急救电话——安抚Michael、告知救援位置——等待救援期间照料Michael——救援
人员抵达、空运Michael 去医院——医院治疗与康复——Michael 感谢两位学生
3.词类激活
行为类
①告知：tell/inform
②缓解：ease/relieve
③确保：assure/guarantee
情绪类
①
恐惧：fear/fright
②感激：thank/show appreciation to
【点睛】【高分句型1】They kept encouraging him, assuring him that help was on the way, which gave
Michael the strength to hold on.(运用了现在分词assuring 作状语，which 引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】When he saw Ethan and Will again, he thanked them sincerely, saying their kindness had saved
his life.(运用了when 引导时间状语从句和现在分词saying 作状语)
