必修一 UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
I. 阅读单词
1. gym n. 健身房；体育馆
2. captain n.（运动队）队长；船长；机长
3. badminton n. 羽毛球运动
4. marathon n. 马拉松赛跑
5. gymnastics n. 体操（训练）
6. legend n. 传奇故事（或人物）；传说
7. champion n. 冠军；优胜者
8. championship n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号
9. graceful adj. 优美的；优雅的
10. stadium n. (pl. stadiums/ stadia）体育场；运动场
11. ski adj. 滑雪的 vi. 滑雪
12. jog vi. &n. 慢跑
13. soccer n. 足球；足球运动
14. boxing n. 拳击（运动）
15. push-up n.（press-up）俯卧撑
16. medal n. 奖章；勋章
II. 写作单词
1. event n. 比赛项目；大事；公开活动
2. track n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vi. & vt. 追踪；跟踪
3. sweat vt. 使出汗；出汗弄湿 vi. 出汗；流汗 n. 汗水；出汗
4. athlete n. 运动员；运动健儿
5. master n. 高手；主人 vt. 精通；掌握
6. pretend vi. & vt. 假装；装扮
7. million num. 一百万
8. cheat vi. 作弊；舞弊 vt. 欺骗；蒙骗 n. 欺骗手段；骗子
9. audience n. 观众；听众
10. slim adj. 苗条的；单薄的
11. diet n. 规定饮食；日常饮食 vi. 节食
12. error n. 错误；差错
13. positive adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的
III. 拓展单词
1. fitness n. 健康；健壮；适合→___________ adj. 健康的
2. host vt. 主办；主持 n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人→___________ n. 女主人；女主持人
3. determination n. 决心；决定→___________ vt. 决定；确定；下定决心→__________ adj. 坚决的；有
决心的
4. injure vt. 使受伤；损害→___________ adj. 受伤的；有伤的→___________ n. 伤害；损伤
5. strength n. 力量；体力→___________ vt. 加强；巩固→___________ adj. 强壮的；坚强的
6. compete vi. 竞争；对抗→___________ n. 竞争；比赛→___________adj. 竞争的；有竞争性的
→___________ n. 竞争者
7. stress n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安→___________adj. 有压力的
（指物）→___________adj. 有压力的（指人）
8. honour (honor）n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→___________ adj. 可敬的；体面的→___________adj. 受尊敬的
9. failure n. 失败；失败的人（或事物）→___________v. 失败
10. glory n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美→___________adj. 光荣的；值得称道的；辉煌的
IV. 重点短语
1. fall apart______________________
2. ______________________ 与……比较
3. make a difference______________________
4. cut... out______________________
5. make sense______________________
6. make it ______________________
7. ______________________树立榜样
8. ______________________在国内外
9. lose heart ______________________
10. ______________________ 戒除；放弃；投降
11. come along______________________
12. ______________________锻炼；计算出；解
决
13. rather than ______________________
14. now and then ______________________
V. 诵经典句式
1. 句型公式：seem+动词不定式（短语）
In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win. 在一场比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹
似乎总能找到制胜的方法。
2. 句型公式：动词-ing 形式作表语
Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. 乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学
习。
3. 句型公式: even if/ though 引导让步状语从句
I agree with the idea that a soccer player should never pretend to fall down even if it helps his or her team. 我
同意足球运动员不应该假装摔倒的观点，即使这对他或她的球队有利。
VI.语篇填空
There seem to be countless sports for us,1. ________ (include) soccer, boxing, badminton, marathon,
skiing, and gymnastics. 2. ________ we are in stadiums, gyms, or homes, we can work out 3. ________
(sweat) all over.
Competitive sports mean that athletes must compete 4. ________ each other for medals to win honour
and glory for their countries, which needs not only skills and strength but also great 5. ________ (determine).
However, success often 6. ________ (come) along with stress, failure, and injuries. Sometimes even a
master will fall apart, but he/she will never lose heart until he/she makes it and becomes a legend.
7. ________ (compare) with competitive sports, mass sports focus on fitness rather than competition.
Millions of people go jogging or do push-ups to keep slim. However, with no audience to shout
encouragement, they may give up and lose heart 8. ________ (easy). Perhaps some of them cheat themselves
into taking exercise the next day or pretend to have done it otherwise, which doesn’t make sense.
However, even 9. ________ you take exercise now and then, it will make a difference and have
positive 10. ________ (effect), won’t it?
核心考点 精讲精练
Part 1 重点单词
1. honour (honor) n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸
v. 尊敬；授予荣誉
honourable adj. 可敬的；值得钦佩的；体面的
真题溯源
(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) It’s been an honor to watch the
panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle
into their new home. 我很荣幸看到大熊猫项目的
发展，看到大熊猫们在新家安顿下来。
考点脉络
多维练透
People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival
①
________
honour of Qu Yuan, who is honoured a great
Chinese poet.
She will be honoured
②
________ her work in
promoting friendship between the two countries.
③ (2022·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·应用文写作) 我很荣幸邀
请您参加我们学校广播电台的英语节目“Talk and
Talk”的采访。
→
________ on the English program Talk and Talk in
our school’s radio station. (it 作形式主语)
→
________ on the English program Talk and Talk in
our school’s radio station. (it 作形式宾语)
→
________ on the English program Talk and Talk in
our school’s radio station. (honoured)
2. strength n. [C]长处；强项 [U]力量；体力；毅
力
strengthen vt. 加强
strong adj. 坚强的；强壮的
真题溯源
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) In a journal or on a piece of paper,
put the heading “Personal strengths”. 在日记或纸
上，写上“个人优点”的标题。
考点脉络
多维练透
① ( 北师大·B1U2) It also _________ (strength)
your immune system and reduces the risk of
serious health problems, as well as more common
illnesses like colds.
Summer makes me full of energy and I feel I have
②
the strength _________ (do) the most difficult
things in my life.
We are learning to step back from ourselves and
③
identify our
________ (strength)
and
weaknesses.
④ (2022·全国乙卷·应用文写作) It’s urgent for
students themselves to improve their self-
discipline, and
_ .
学生自身迫切需要提高自律性，家长和老师也
迫切需要加强引导。
3. determination n. 决心；决定
determine v. 决定；下定决心
determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
真题溯源
(2022· 新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷) As a special education
teacher at the school, I was familiar with the
challenges David faced and was proud of his strong
determination. 作为学校的一名特殊教育老师，
我熟知David 所面临的挑战，并为他坚定的决心
感到骄傲。
考点脉络
多维练透
① (译林·X1U2) Despite his hearing loss, he was
determined ________ (find) a way to continue
living a life full of music.
He has determined
②
________ working as a volunteer
teacher in the countryside after graduation.
Sports teach us to accept challenges and face
③
difficulties with ___________ (determine).
④
, I am writing to ask you for advice on which
traditional Chinese cultures attract foreigners most.
决心很好地组织这次主题班会，我写信是想咨询
一下哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国人。(求助信)
4. compete vi. 比赛；竞争
competition n. 比赛
competitor n. 竞争者；对手
competitive adj. 有竞争力的
真题溯源
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) On Oct.11, hundreds of runners
competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota.10 月
11 日，数百名选手参加了明尼苏达州的一场越野比
赛。
考点脉络
多维练透
① ( 人教·B3U1) After singing some songs, the
________ (competitor) danced onto the green field,
waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles.
Living in a highly
②
________ (compete) society, you
definitely have to arm yourself with modern
technology and skills.
③ (2023·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写) Informed that
, I could hardly
contain my excitement. 得知我在写作比赛中获得
了一等奖，我几乎无法抑制自己的激动之情。
Life is like a long race
④
to go beyond ourselves. 生命就像一场长跑比赛，
在比赛中，我们与他人竞争，超越自己。(读
后续写·主旨升华)
5. pretend v. 假装；假扮；扮演
真题溯源
(2024· 浙江1 月卷) She decided that she would
memorize where her classes were and then pretend
that the rest of the place didn’t exist. 她决定先记住
班级的位置，然后假装这个地方的其他部分不存
在。
考点脉络
多维练透
① ( 外研·X3U1) People who pretend ________
(be) someone they are not tend to misjudge
themselves.
She buried her head under the covers
②
, pretending
________ (sleep).
He pretended
③
________ (tell) me the result
before, but in fact, he didn’t.
She
④
when we
met in the street, which made me upset. 我在街
上遇见她时，她装作不认识我，这使我很难
过。
6. stress n. 压力；重音；紧张vt. 使焦虑不安；
重读；强调vi. 焦虑不安
stressful adj. 压力大的 (指物)
stressed adj. 焦虑的；紧张的 (指人)
真题溯源
(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷) Studies have found that
children who spend more time outside tend to be
healthier, better adjusted and better at dealing with
stress. 研究发现，花更多时间在户外的孩子往往
更健康，适应能力更强，更善于应对压力。
考点脉络
多维练透
① (北师大·X1U3) How often do we arrive at work or
school, ________ (stress) out, tired and angry?
In many
②
________ (stress) situations the body’s
responses can improve our performance.
You may be the kind of person who does many things
③
well when ________ stress.
My parents always
④
and being together as one family. 我的父母总是强
调拥有乐观的生活态度和一家人在一起的重要
性。(读后续写·主旨升华)
Part 2 短语句式
7. give up 戒除；放弃；投降
真题溯源
(2024·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷) When I was about to give up,
Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend.
当我快要放弃的时候，Gunter 拿出他的小手机，给
一个朋友打了电话。
考点脉络
多维练透
用give 有关短语的正确形式填空
① (人教·X3U2) Many of us try to change bad habits
quickly, and if we are not successful straight away,
we often become pessimistic and _________.
Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they
②
won’t ________ waste gas.
It is essential that we never
③
________difficulties in
our life journey.
Jane
④
’s energy had ________. Her feet felt as
heavy as lead and she slumped beside a tree,
weeping without control. (读后续写·心理&动作
描写)
8. make sense 讲得通；有意义；有道理；合乎情
理
真题溯源
(2022·全国甲卷) The ocean plays a key role in our
world and it makes great sense to protect it. 海洋
在我们的世界中起着关键的作用，保护它是很有
意义的。
考点脉络
多维练透
① ( 译林·X3U2) Try to make sense ________
what you see and wonder about what makes the
universe exist.
②________ no sense should you lose heart; keep
trying and your effort will pay off sooner or later.
③抱怨你已经犯的错误没有意义。(一句多译)
→
the mistake you have made. (make sense)
→
the mistake you have made. (There be...)
④ (2024·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·应用文写作)
the traditional classrooms
and get close to nature. 让学生走出传统课堂接
触大自然是有意义的。
9. even if/though 引导让步状语从句
真题溯源
(2023·浙江1 月卷) When you’re riding on trains,
you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even
if your trip is an overnight one. 当你乘坐火车时，
哪怕你在上面过夜，你也不会免费得到一条毯
子。
考点脉络
多维练透
① (外研·B3U6) Even _________ we had lost a lot,
moments like those gave us hope for the future.
Extremely occupied
②
_________ he is, he often
comes over to help us with our study.
③_________ he wins or loses, he will keep
positive and carry on training.
④_________ the previous rounds of talks, no
agreement has been reached so far by the two
sides.
⑤ , he still willingly
helped those in trouble. 即使他身处困境，他依
旧愿意帮助那些需要帮助的人。
梯级训练 循序渐进
Part 1 基础达标练
维度一 语境辨义练
Ⅰ. 熟词生义
1. (2023·全国乙卷) To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby
Douglas had to leave everything she knew best.
________
2. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of
plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
________
3. (2021·全国甲卷) And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race,
and class do not determine the appearance of genius.
________
4. Facing so competitive an opponent, he had a slim chance of winning the game.
________
Ⅱ. 一词多义
1. work out
A. 锻炼 (身体) B. 解决 C. 计算出 D. 进展顺利
① (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was hard for him,
having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.
________
The area can be easily
②
worked out if you know the length and the width.
________
The famous actor keeps fit by
③
working out for an hour every morning.
________
With great efforts the professor
④
worked out the problem.
________
2. strength
A. n. 意志力量 B. n. 优势 C. n. 力气；体力 D. n. (感情、观点或信念的) 强烈程度
① (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?
________
Take into account your own
②
strengths and weaknesses before applying for the job.
________
She has a remarkable inner
③
strength, especially when faced with difficulties.
________
He was surprised at the
④
strength of his own feelings when he heard the news.
________
维度二 考点强化练
1. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) You’ll compete ________fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a
popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
2. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Rather than ________ (water) rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to
each plant.
3. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) I want to get ________ (fitness), but exercise doesn’t seem ________ (help).
4. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) She would have struggled with extreme pain to make ________ to that aid checkpoint
without Bailey’s help.
5. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Failure ________ (provide) enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per
absent adult.
6. She was aware that exercise and diet had a great influence on her health so she had cut ________ eating junk
food.
Part 2 写作衔接练
写作一 应用文增分练 (投稿·我喜爱的一项体育运动)
假定你是李华，你校英文校报《体育》栏目正在征集稿件，主题为“我喜爱的一项体育运动”。请
你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1. 介绍该项体育运动；2. 喜欢它的理由；3. 呼吁更多同学参与该项运
动。
My Favourite Sport
Among all kinds of sports, I am especially crazy about basketball, which is a team sport consisting of two
teams of five players each.
The reasons why I am so passionate about it are as follows. Initially, as a strength-demanding sport, it not
only helps me stay healthy and positive, but also teaches me the significance of perseverance. Moreover,
compared with/to other sports, playing basketball with friends makes me realize the importance of teamwork in
competition.
In short, basketball is so attractive a sport that I call on everyone to participate in it. You will never know
what you will gain until you try!
写作二 读后续写主题练 (心理描写·生气&愤怒)
Ⅰ. 素材积累
单
词
anger→angry→angrily; annoy→annoying→annoyed→annoyance; mad→madly; fury→ furious
(狂怒的); rage (愤怒); boil (怒火中烧); shout; scream; roar/storm (怒吼)
短
语
lose one’s temp er 发脾气
glare at 怒视
boil with anger 勃然大怒
shout/roar/storm (at sb) in anger/furiously (朝某人) 怒吼
flame/flush with anger/rage 气得脸通红
turn white with anger 气得脸色发白
be purple with anger/rage 气得脸色发紫
a flame of anger 怒火
be seized by (a burst of) anger 感到愤怒
can hardly control/contain one’s anger 控制不住怒火
tremble with anger 气得发抖
shake one’s fist at sb 向某人挥拳 (威胁)
hands tremble with rage/anger 手因愤怒而颤抖
run out of the room in anger 怒气冲冲地跑出房间
stamp one’s foot in anger 气得跺脚
spring up in anger 气得跳起来
句
子
① (外研·B3U1) Tell your friend you’re angry with him for repeating what you said and
making the situation worse, but that you want to move on. 告诉你的朋友，他传话的行为让
情况更糟糕了，你对此很生气，但你想让事情就此过去。
He
②
was speechless with anger, his hands trembling. 他气得说不出话来，双手直颤抖。
She
③
gave him a sharp scolding, while the boy hung his head and said nothing. 她严厉地训斥
他，而男孩却低着头什么也没说。
④Eyes burning with anger, I shouted at her to put my necklace where it had been immediately.
我眼中充满怒火，大声叫她立刻把我的项链放回原处。
I
⑤
sprang up in anger, turned around and stormed out of the room, slamming the door
furiously behind me. 我愤怒地跳了起来，转过身，气呼呼地冲出房间，怒不可遏地砰地
关上身后的门。
Ⅱ. 对点场景练
运动健身 (外研·B3U1 改编) I’m crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, which is probably why I
①trembled
with
anger
when we lost our last match. We played well, but I felt the team ②were let down by
one member, our point guard. The point guard is a key player, but it was like he wasn’t even on the court!
③Extremely displeased with his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend. I was just ④letting off steam
really, because I ⑤was seized by a burst of anger. However, then my friend went and told everyone else what
I’d said. This is ⑥so totally awkward. I ⑦am really angry with my friend.
我酷爱打篮球，打得也很好，这可能就是为什么我们队输掉了最近的比赛时，我气得直发抖。我们
打得不错，但我感觉整个团队都被一个队友拖累了，那就是我们的控球后卫。控球后卫是队里的关键球
员，但他却好像不在场上似的！我对他的表现极为不满，就把这些全部告诉了我最好的朋友。我其实只
是想发泄一下怒气，因为我怒火中烧。然而，我的朋友随后却把我说的话告诉了所有人。这真是太尴尬
了。我对朋友气恼不已。
UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
III. 拓展单词
1. fitness n. 健康；健壮；适合→fit adj. 健康的
2. host vt. 主办；主持 n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人→hostess n. 女主人；女主持人
3. determination n. 决心；决定→determine vt. 决定；确定；下定决心→determined adj. 坚决的；有决心
的
4. injure vt. 使受伤；损害→injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的→injury n. 伤害；损伤
5. strength n. 力量；体力→strengthen vt. 加强；巩固→strong adj. 强壮的；坚强的
6. compete vi. 竞争；对抗→competition n. 竞争；比赛→competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争性的
→competitor n. 竞争者
7. stress n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安→stressful adj. 有压力的（指
物）→stressed adj. 有压力的（指人）
8. honour (honor）n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→honourable adj. 可敬的；体面的→honoured adj. 受尊敬的
9. failure n. 失败；失败的人（或事物）→fail v. 失败
10. glory n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美→glorious adj. 光荣的；值得称道的；辉煌的
IV. 重点短语
1. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃
2. compare... with/ to... 与……比较
3. make a difference 有作用/影响
4. cut... out 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下
5. make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
6. make it 获得成功；准时到达
7. set an example 树立榜样
8. at home and abroad 在国内外
9. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气
10. give up 戒除；放弃；投降
11. come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快
12. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决
13. rather than 而不是
14. now and then 有时；偶尔
VI.语篇填空
1.including 2.Whether 3.sweating 4.against/with 5.determination 6.comes 7.Compared 8.easily
9.if/though 10.effects
OPart 1 重点单词
1.
in; as
①
②for ③It is a great honour for me to invite you to give an interview; I feel it a great honour to
invite you to give an interview;I feel greatly honoured to invite you to give an interview
2.
strengthens
①
②to do ③strengths ④it’s also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen guidance
3.
to find
①
②on/upon ③determination ④Determined to organize the theme class meeting wonderfully
4.
competitors
①
②competitive ③I won first prize in the writing competition ④where we compete
with/against others
5.
to be
①
②to be sleeping ③to have told ④pretended (that) she didn’t know me/pretended not to know me
6.
stressed
①
②stressful ③under ④stress/lay stress on the importance of having optimistic attitudes to life
OPart 2 短语句式
7.
give up
①
②give off ③give in to ④given out
8.
of
①
②In ③It doesn’t make sense/It makes no sense to complain about;There is no sense (in) complaining
about ④It makes sense to get students out of
9.
if/though
①
②as/though ③Whether ④Despite ⑤Even if he was stuck in hardships/In spite of being
stuck in hardships
OPart 1 基础达标练
一、Ⅰ.1.n.比赛项目 2.n.许多;大量 3.v.影响 4.adj.(机会或可能性)微小的
Ⅱ.1.
D
① ②C ③A ④B 2.
C
① ②B ③A ④D
二、1.with 2.watering 3.fit;helpful/to help 4.it 5.to provide 6.out/down
