专题 02 七选五
（一）
（2025年山西省名校联考二模）
How Gardeners Can Reduce Risk of Fire
If you are selecting plants for your garden, knowing which plants offer some fire resistance and which are
more flammable (易燃的) can serve you well.
Quicker to catch fire
Plants like bamboo that produce flammable substances such as aromatic oils, resins (树脂), wax, or sap, are
among the quickest to catch fire. 1
Trees with thin bark (树皮) that falls off are usually more flammable than those without. And fine-needled
plants like pine, juniper, and spruce contain resins. 2
Many kinds of grasses are highly flammable. Their ability to catch fire increases when they are left to stand
dry over winter or during periods without rain. Additionally, too much heat dries out the soil and under such
conditions, many kinds of plants turn into a fire starter.
Native vs. non-native
As a group, native plants aren’t necessarily less flammable than introduced kinds of plants. 1 That
is because they spread quickly and are usually left alone by wildlife. The non-native plants spread faster than native
plants, and often tolerate heat, heavy rain and lack of water better.
For the best fire resistance, choose trees that lose their leaves every year, like ash, and maple, rather than
fine-needled trees. 2 Those plants with water-filled leaves include ice plants and sedums. Some
groundcover plants are also slow burners.
What to look for in plants
The Washington State University Extension Service has published advice for choosing plants that are fire-
resistant. 3 They include:
•High water content in leaves.
•Little or no seasonal gain of dead plant material.
•Open branching (they provide less fuel for fires).
•Fewer total branches and leaves.
A．Some plants are more flammable than others.
B．Plants with water-filled leaves are slow to burn.C．But non-native plants often are a greater fire risk.
D．Many plants have qualities that do not burn easily.
E．All plants might catch fire under the right conditions.
F．Their needle-like leaves increase the risk of fire when left on the ground.
G．They will often catch fire even if they have been well-watered and cared for.
【答案】1．G 2．F 3．C 4．B 5．D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了园丁如何降低火灾风险。
1．根据上文“Plants like bamboo that produce flammable substances such as aromatic oils, resins (树脂), wax, or
sap, are among the quickest to catch fire.”（像竹子这样的植物会产生芳香油、树脂、蜡或树液等易燃物质，
是最容易着火的植物之一）可知，许多植物具有易燃性特点，故G选项“即使他们被精心浇灌和照顾，他
们也经常会着火”切题，其中they指代前文说明的物质，说明易燃的可能性非常大，故选G项。
2．根据上文“Trees with thin bark (树皮) that falls off are usually more flammable than those without. And fine-
needled plants like pine, juniper, and spruce contain resins.”（树皮薄而易脱落的树通常比没有树皮的树更易
燃。像松树、杜松和云杉这样的细针叶植物含有树脂）可知，F选项“它们针状的叶子留在地上会增加着
火的风险”承接上文继续说明易燃的原因，切题。故选F项。
3．根据上文“As a group, native plants aren’t necessarily less flammable than introduced kinds of plants.”（作为
一个群体，本地植物并不一定比引进的植物更易燃。）可知，选项承接上文，说明外来植物更易燃。故 C
选项“但非本地植物往往有更大的火灾风险”切题。故选C项。
4．根据上文“For the best fire resistance, choose trees that lose their leaves every year, like ash, and maple, rather
than fine-needled trees.”（为了获得最好的防火性能，选择每年落叶的树木，如白蜡树和枫树，而不是细针
叶树）表明哪些树木不易燃；下文“Those plants with water-filled leaves include ice plants and sedums.”（那
些叶子充满水分的植物包括冰草和景天属植物）可知，选项承接下文说明的是叶子充满水分的植物的阻燃
性。故B选项“叶子充满水分的植物燃烧速度较慢”切题。故选B项。
5．根据上文“The Washington State University Extension Service has published advice for choosing plants that
are fire-resistant.”（ 华盛顿州立大学推广服务中心发布了关于选择防火植物的建议。）以及下文“High
water content in leaves……”（叶片含水量高……）可知，选项承上启下，说明许多植物有不易燃得特性。
故D选项“许多植物具有不易燃烧的特性”切题。故选D项。
（二）（2025年青海省西宁市二模）
Having a healthy level of self-confidence can help you become more successful in your personal and
professional life. But maintaining confidence isn’t easy and it’s an easy thing to lose when you feel like you’ve
failed or made a mistake. 1 .
Stop comparing yourself to others
Do you compare how you look to people around you? Or maybe you compare your income to what your
friend earns. Social comparison theory explains that making comparisons is natural. 2 . It may even have
the opposite effect. So when you notice you are drawing comparisons, remind yourself that doing so isn’t helpful.
Surround yourself with positive people
3 . Do they lift you up, or do they bring you down? Are they constantly judging you, or do they
accept you for who you are? If you feel bad about yourself after hanging out with a particular person, it may be
time to say goodbye. Instead, surround yourself with people who love you and want the best for you.
Do things you’re good at
What happens when you do things that you are good at? Your self-confidence starts to rise rapidly. If you’re
good at a certain sport, for instance, make it a point to train or play at least once a week. 4 , try to do that
task more often.
Set realistic goals
Setting high-reaching goals and failing to achieve them has been found to damage confidence levels. On the
contrary, realistic goals are achievable. And the more you achieve your goals, the greater your confidence in
yourself and your abilities will be. To set realistic goals, write down what you want to achieve. 5 . Be
honest! If the answer is slim to none, the goal may be a bit too high. Dial(调整)it back so it is more realistic and
more achievable.
A．If you have a goal to lose weight
B．If you’re good at a particular task at work
C．But it isn’t likely to help improve your self-confidence
D．Next, ask yourself what chance you have of reaching it
E．This makes you wonder if you have what it takes to succeed
F．Fortunately, there are several ways to increase your self-confidence
G．Take a moment and think about how people around you make you feel【答案】1．F 2．C 3．G 4．B 5．D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章提供了几种增强自信的具体策略，包括停止与他人比较、与积极的人为
伍、做自己擅长的事情以及设定现实的目标等。
1．上文“But maintaining confidence isn’t easy and it’s an easy thing to lose when you feel like you’ve failed or
made a mistake.(但保持自信并非易事，当你感觉自己失败或犯错时，自信很容易丧失)” 表明保持自信存在
困难，且在特定情境下自信易失。下文小标题如“Stop comparing yourself to others（停止拿自己和别人作
比较）” 是介绍提升自信的方法。空处需承上启下，引出提升自信的方法。F选项“Fortunately, there are
several ways to increase your self-confidence（幸运的是，有几种提升自信心的方法）”，既承接上文自信易
失的情况，又自然引出下文方法，符合语境。故选F项。
2．上文“Social comparison theory explains that making comparisons is natural.(社会比较理论表明，进行比较
是自然而然的)” 表明比较行为在理论层面的自然性。下文“It may even have the opposite effect.(它甚至可能
产生相反的效果)”表明它(即比较行为making comparisons)甚至可能产生相反的效果。C选项 “But it isn’t
likely to help improve your self – confidence(但这不太可能有助于提升你的自信心)”，其中 it 指代上文的
“比较行为(making comparisons)”，该句表明比较对提升自信并无帮助，和上文构成转折关系，与空后
“产生相反效果(have the opposite effect)” 相呼应，符合语境。故选C项。
3．下文“Do they lift you up, or do they bring you down? Are they constantly judging you, or do they accept you
for who you are?(他们是鼓舞你，还是贬低你？他们是一直评判你，还是接受真实的你？)” 这些问题围绕周
围人对你的影响展开。G 选项 “Take a moment and think about how people around you make you feel（花点
时间想想周围的人给你怎样的感觉）”，能够很好地引出后文对周围人影响的探讨，符合语境。故选G
项。
4．上文“What happens when you do things that you are good at? Your self-confidence starts to rise rapidly. If
you’re good at a certain sport, for instance, make it a point to train or play at least once a week.(当你做自己擅长的
事情时会怎样？你的自信心会迅速提升。例如，如果你擅长某项运动，那就至少每周进行一次训练或参
与)” 说明做擅长之事可提升自信，并举例说明。下文“try to do that task more often.(尽量更频繁地做那件
事)”表明尽量更频繁地做那件事。B选项 “If you’re good at a particular task at work（如果你擅长工作中的
某项特定任务）”，与上文做擅长之事提升自信的逻辑相符，且与空后 “try to do that task more often” 中
的 “那件事that task” 相呼应。故选B项。
5．上文“To set realistic goals, write down what you want to achieve.(为设定切实可行的目标，写下你想要达
成的事)” 此句说明怎样设定目标。下文“Be honest! If the answer is slim to none, the goal may be a bit toohigh. Dial (调整) it back so it is more realistic and more achievable.(要坦诚！如果答案几乎为零，那么这个目
标可能有点过高了。把目标调低一些，使其更现实、更易实现)”表明坦诚地给出答案并调整目标。D选项
“Next, ask yourself what chance you have of reaching it（接下来，问问自己实现它有多大机会）”，其中
“it” 指代上文所写目标即“你想要达成的事(what you want to achieve)”，“问问自己实现它有多大机会
(ask yourself what chance you have of reaching it)”与后文对实现目标可能性的诚实回答和对目标的调整紧密
相连，符合语境。故选D项。
（三）
（2025年青海省部分学校二模）
A field trip is an educational excursion (远足) outside of the classroom environment. It’s an opportunity for
students to gain first-hand experience with the material they are learning in class. Field trips can take place at
settings like museums, historic sites and nature centers. 1 With the development of technology, students
now can explore faraway places without ever leaving their classroom.
2 They help students see how what they learn in books connects to the world around them.
However, there are both benefits and challenges associated with field trips that must be considered before planning
one.
The most obvious benefit of field trips is that they give students the chance to experience the material they
are learning in class in a real-world setting. According to a study. “Field trips provide students with experiences that
cannot be replicated (复制) in the classroom.” 3 It’s found that students who go on field trips are more
likely to remember the material they learn than those who don’t go on the trip.
Despite their benefits, field trips can present some challenges. One of the biggest challenges associated with
field trips is the cost. Depending on where you are traveling and the size of your group, the expenses can quickly
add up. Additionally, finding the time to plan and conduct a successful field trip can be difficult for teachers. 14
Safety is another issue that must be considered when planning a field trip. 4 This includes having
enough adults to accompany the students and making sure they are trained in first aid and emergency procedures.
A．They can also be conducted virtually.
B．Teachers are always having a full schedule.
C．Planning a successful field trip requires various abilities.
D．Field trips play an important role in school education activities.
E．Besides, field trips can also help to engage students’ interest in their study.
F．It’s essential to have a plan to ensure that all students are monitored at all times.G．Direct interaction with nature fosters a profound appreciation for the environment.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．E 4．B 5．F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了实地考察的好处和挑战。
1．根据下文“With the development of technology, students now can explore faraway places without ever leaving
their classroom.(随着科技的发展，学生们现在不用离开教室就可以探索遥远的地方)”可知，可以虚拟地进
行实地考查，A项“它们也可以以虚拟方式进行”符合语境，故选A。
2．根据下文“They help students see how what they learn in books connects to the world around them.(它们帮助
学生了解他们在书本上学到的东西是如何与他们周围的世界联系起来的)”可知，本段是讲述实地考查对于
学生的作用，D项“实地考察在学校教育活动中起着重要作用”符合语境，故选D。
3．上文“According to a study. “Field trips provide students with experiences that cannot be replicated (复制) in
the classroom.”(据一项研究，“实地考察为学生提供了在课堂上无法复制的体验。”)”是说实地考查的好
处，E项“此外，实地考察也有助于提高学生的学习兴趣”进一步阐述其好处，且与下文“It’s found that
students who go on field trips are more likely to remember the material they learn than those who don’t go on the
trip.(研究发现，参加过实地考察的学生比没有参加过实地考察的学生更容易记住所学的知识)”提到的研究
呼应，故选E。
4．上文“Additionally, finding the time to plan and conduct a successful field trip can be difficult for teachers.(此
外，找时间计划和组织一次成功的实地考察对教师来说是很困难)”提到，找时间计划和组织一次成功的实
地考察对教师来说是很困难，B项“老师的日程总是排得满满的”说明上文原因，老师的日程安排得很
满，所以很难找时间组织实地考查，故选B。
5．根据上文“Safety is another issue that must be considered when planning a field trip.(安全是规划野外旅行时
必须考虑的另一个问题)”和下文“This includes having enough adults to accompany the students and making
sure they are trained in first aid and emergency procedures.(这包括有足够的成年人陪伴学生，并确保他们接受
过急救和紧急程序的培训)”可知，本段是说要保证实地考查的安全，F项“有一个计划来确保所有学生在
任何时候都受到监控是很重要的”符合语境，故选F。
（四）
（2025年陕西省商洛市二模）
Prosopagnosia, also called face blindness, is a condition where people have trouble recognizing faces. It can
be something they’re born with or happen later in life due to brain issues. People with this condition usually have ahard time knowing who someone is just by looking at their faces. 16
Most of us occasionally have trouble remembering faces. However, prosopagnosia is much worse than that.
Prosopagnosics often have problems recognizing faces they have met many times. 1 It’s important to
note that prosopagnosia is defined by problems of recognizing faces, not recalling names.
Generally, prosopagnosics often have trouble following the plot of television shows and movies. 2
Also, some people with prosopagnosia find it hard to imagine the faces of people they know, which makes talking
to others and making friends more difficult.
3 However, there are ways to manage the challenges that come with prosopagnosia.
Prosopagnosics can develop strategies to help them in their daily lives. For example, they can use memory
techniques to associate names with specific details that are easier for them to remember. Using smartphones to take
pictures of new acquaintances (认识的人) and label them can also be a practical solution.
When communicating with prosopagnosics, it’s crucial to approach them with empathy and understanding.
4 Be patient and offer alternative ways to help them identify people. Avoid taking offense if they don’t
recognize you. Instead, gently remind them of your identity.
A．The severity of this condition varies.
B．As a matter of fact, there is no cure for prosopagnosia.
C．Recognize that they may struggle with recognizing faces.
D．That’s because they can’t keep track of the identity of the characters.
E．In extreme cases, they have trouble recognizing their parents and children.
F．Stop for a moment to imagine what it would be like to live with face blindness.
G．As a result, they often use clues like people’s hairstyle, voice or clothes to figure it out.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．D 4．B 5．C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面孔失认症的症状、影响以及应对策略。
1．前文“People with this condition usually have a hard time knowing who someone is just by looking at their
faces. (患有这种病症的人通常很难仅通过看脸来辨认对方是谁)”提到患者难以通过面部识别他人，因此 G
项“As a result, they often use clues like people’s hairstyle, voice or clothes to figure it out. (因此，他们通常会利
用发型、声音或衣着等线索来辨认他人)”符合语境，说明患者如何应对识别困难，承接前文。故选G。
2．前文“Prosopagnosics often have problems recognizing faces they have met many times. (面孔失认症患者通常难以认出他们见过多次的面孔)”提到患者甚至难以认出见过多次的人，因此 E项“In extreme cases, they
have trouble recognizing their parents and children. (在极端情况下，他们甚至难以认出自己的父母和孩子)”符
合语境，进一步说明了病情严重程度，承接前文。故选E。
3．前文“Generally, prosopagnosics often have trouble following the plot of television shows and movies. (通
常，面孔失认症患者往往难以跟上电视剧和电影的情节)”提到患者在看电视和电影上的困难，因此D项
“That’s because they can’t keep track of the identity of the characters. (这是因为他们无法追踪角色的身份)”符
合语境，解释该困难的原因，承接前文。故选D。
4．后文“However, there are ways to manage the challenges that come with prosopagnosia. Prosopagnosics can
develop strategies to help them in their daily lives. (然而，有一些方法可以应对面孔失认症带来的挑战。面孔
失认症患者可以制定策略来帮助他们的日常生活)”包含转折，提到患者可以采取策略来应对挑战，因此B
项“As a matter of fact, there is no cure for prosopagnosia. (事实上，面孔失认症目前尚无治愈方法)”符合语
境，说明这种病无法治愈，和后文构成转折。故选B。
5 ． 前 文 “ When communicating with prosopagnosics, it’s crucial to approach them with empathy and
understanding. (与面孔失认症患者交流时，以同理心和理解的态度对待他们至关重要)”强调要以同理心和理
解的态度与患者交流，因此C项“Recognize that they may struggle with recognizing faces. (要认识到他们在
识别面部时可能遇到的困难)”符合语境，建议体谅患者的困难，承接前文。故选C。
（五）
（2025年陕西省安康市二模）
Every morning is a struggle. 1 But did you know that drinking water can make you more energetic
and productive?
It helps to balance your nervous system. Drinking water on empty stomach especially if it’s hot can
improve the health of your nervous system. 2 At this moment, if you just have a glass of warm water, it
can properly offer water to your nervous system， which will help it function properly.
It prevents mild headaches. 3 So just by increasing your water intake，you are basically
preventing your chances from suffering from them.
4 Water can help release bacteria and other harmful elements from your system. This, in turn，can
help your body fight the effects of certain chemicals which can cause your looking older. Furthermore，your skin
will feel refreshed, which can help it maintain a flexible appearance.
It improves your appetite（胃口）. Early in the morning, with your stomach totally empty，it is natural
you will feel hungry. So another benefit of drinking water is preparing you to have the most important meal of theday—breakfast. 25
So now you know the benefits of drinking water on empty stomach. Just add a glass of warm or hot water to
your schedule after you wake up and see all the health benefits it will bring to your life.
A．It prevents body aging.
B．It promotes mental fitness.
C．Early morning, the stomach is most thirsty.
D．We think that a cup of coffee would make things right
E．The importance of drinking water can’t be emphasized too much.
F．Besides, having a healthy desire for food is good for overall health.
G．Doctors say they result from the removal of water among various reasons.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者说明了早上起床，喝一杯水的诸多好处。
1．下文But did you know that drinking water can make you more energetic and productive?说但是你知道喝水
可以让你更有活力和富有成效吗?该空引出下文，D选项“我们认为一杯咖啡会使事情好转”切题，故选
D。
2．下文 At this moment, if you just have a glass of warm water, it can properly offer water to your nervous
system， which will help it function properly.说此时此刻,如果你只喝一杯温水,它能适当地为你的神经系统提
供水，这将有助于它正常工作。该空引出下文，C选项“清晨，胃最渴。”切题，故选C。
3．标题It prevents mild headaches.说它可以预防轻微的头痛。下文So just by increasing your water intake，
you are basically preventing your chances from suffering from them.说通过增加水的摄入量，你基本上阻止了
轻微头痛的发病机会。该空承上启下，G选项“医生说它们是由各种原因的缺水导致”切题，故选G。
4．下文 Water can help release bacteria and other harmful elements from your system. This, in turn，can help
your body fight the effects of certain chemicals which can cause your looking older.说水可以帮助从你的系统释
放细菌和其他有害元素。反过来，这可以帮助你的身体对抗某些使人变老的化学物质影响。该空引出下
文，A选项“它可以防止身体老化。”切题，故选A。
5．上文 So another benefit of drinking water is preparing you to have the most important meal of the day—
breakfast.说因此，喝水的另一个好处是为你准备一天中最重要的一餐——早餐。该空承接上文，F选项
“此外，对食物有一个健康的渴望对整体健康有好处。”切题，故选F。
（六）（2025年青海省海东市第二中学二模）
Smarty pants, wise guy, smart aleck — we all know one who knows everything. Whether at family get-
togethers, at the office, or in a social setting, know-it-alls are everywhere. 1 . Therefore, you’d better be
prepared to deal with them.
Try to be understanding. 2 . Whether it is a personality disorder, the need for excessive
admiration, or arrogance, know-it-alls have issues that have to be addressed. Trying to understand where they are
coming from and that differences between people always exist could go a long way in empathizing (产生共鸣)
with their condition.
Think first before responding. Sine e know-it-alls can be annoying, it is easy to respond in anger or worse.
Therefore, take time to calm down and relieve your anger before thinking of an appropriate response. Typically,
taking time to think about the situation might even increase your confidence in dealing with somebody who “knows
it all”. 3 .
Offer constructive feedback. Believe it or not, know-it-alls might be ignorant to the fact that their behavior is
negatively impacting others. 4 , take them out for a coffee or set up an appointment in private to discuss
it gently and respectfully. Tell them that it is important that everybody gets a chance to add their input because it
provides a sense of community.
5 . Do not be afraid to say “I don’t know" around a know-it-all because this demonstrates that it is
okay not to always know the answer. Being a model of appropriate behavior might open the door for others to feel
confident in not knowing, including know-it-alls. Follow up statements by asking questions and getting diverse
ideas to illustrate flexibility and inclusion.
A．If you detect this.
B．Lead by example.
C．Arm yourself with evidence.
D．Most know-it-alls have a reason for acting this way.
E．Since know-it-all s are essentially correcting all misinformation.
F．Sometimes, it is totally unbearable to spend time with this sort of individuals.
G．Moreover, a clear, thoughtful, and proper reply is more likely to be accepted by them.
【答案】1．F 2．D 3．G 4．A 5．B
【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了与自以为无所不知的人相处的四个建议。
1．根据上文“Whether at family get-togethers, at the office, or in a social setting, know-it-alls are everywhere.(无
论是在家庭聚会、办公室还是社交场合，“无所不知”的人无处不在。)”和下文“Therefore, you’d better be
prepared to deal with them.(因此，你最好做好准备应对他们。)”可知，本段介绍的是生活中到处都是“无所
不知”的人，所以要做好准备应对他们，由此可推知，空白处内容应与“无所不知”的人的特点有关，且
比较负面，因为下文提到了要应对他们。选项F“有时候，和这种人在一起是完全无法忍受的”符合语境。
故选F。
2．根据上文“Try to be understanding.(试着去理解。)”和下文“Whether it is a personality disorder, the need
for excessive admiration, or arrogance, know-it-alls have issues that have to be addressed.(无论是人格障碍、对过
度赞美的需求，还是傲慢，“无所不知”的人都有必须解决的问题。)”可知，本段建议试着去理解“无所
不知”的人，因为他们一些问题要解决，也就是说他们之所以成为“无所不知”的人是有原因的。选项
D“大多数“无所不知”的人这样做是有原因的”符合语境。故选D。
3．根据上文“Therefore, take time to calm down and relieve your anger before thinking of an appropriate
response. Typically, taking time to think about the situation might even increase your confidence in dealing with
somebody who “knows it all”.(因此，在想出一个合适的回应之前，花时间冷静下来，缓解你的愤怒。通常
情况下，花时间思考一下这种情况甚至会增加你与“无所不知”的人打交道的信心。)”可知，本段建议要
想出一个合适的回应，花时间思考这种情况甚至会增加你与“无所不知”的人打交道的信心，由此可推
知，空白处应承接上文继续说明这样做的好处。选项G“此外，一个清晰、深思熟虑和恰当的回答更有可能
被他们接受”符合语境。故选G。
4．根据上文“Believe it or not, know-it-alls might be ignorant to the fact that their behavior is negatively
impacting others.(信不信由你，“无所不知”的人可能不知道他们的行为正在对他人产生负面影响。)”和下
文“take them out for a coffee or set up an appointment in private to discuss it gently and respectfully.(带他们出去
喝杯咖啡，或者私下约个时间，温和而尊重地讨论这个问题。)”可知，本段建议在发现“无所不知”的人
不知道他们的行为正在对他人产生负面影响时，要温和而尊重地与他们讨论这个问题，由此可推知，空白
处内容应与发现“无所不知”的人不知道他们的行为正在对他人产生负面影响有关。选项A“如果你发现这
种情况”符合语境。故选A。
5．根据下文“Do not be afraid to say “I don’t know” around a know-it-all because this demonstrates that it is
okay not to always know the answer.(不要在“无所不知”的人面前害怕说“我不知道”，因为这表明不知道
答案也没关系。)”可知，本段建议要以身作则，不要在“无所不知”的人面前害怕说“我不知道”，选项B“以身作则”引出下文，符合语境。故选B。
（七）
（2025年宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市二模）
For most of the recorded history of bicycles, wearing a helmet was something that was limited to
professionals participating in competitions. 31
Nowadays, people are more aware of the need to make reasonable preparations to enjoy cycling safely. 1
The fact is that it is unsafe to engage in this sort of behavior. Here are some facts that help explain why no one
should ride a bicycle without a helmet.
A helmet can protect the rider from head injuries. Tens of thousands of bike riders are admitted to emergency
rooms every year. In most cases, the rider was not wearing a bicycle helmet. The fact is that riding bicycle without
a helmet is like operating a motor vehicle without wearing a seat belt. 2 The types of injuries range from
simple cuts to major damage that causes swelling and pressure on the brain and even death.
3 In many instances, accidents involving bike riders also include some sort of motor vehicle. In a
crash between the two devices, the rider of the bicycle is much more likely to suffer a serious injury. Helmets
cushion (缓冲) the skull at the point of impact, minimizing the chances of any type of permanent damage that could
result in brain damage or even death.
Adults should set an example for teens, teaching the value of safety by their actions. 4 Teens
should also be engaged in setting the example for younger children.
A．Then a helmet makes your head safe.
B．Unfortunately, not everyone appreciates bicycling.
C．Still, some people continue to ride a bicycle without a helmet.
D．Wearing a helmet yourself will encourage others to do likewise.
E．Bicycle helmets are designed to help absorb the shock of a crash.
F．In both cases, there is an increased risk of bodily harm, even permanent injury.
G．Until the 1980s, a movement to encourage the use of bicycle helmets among all bike riders arose.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．E 5．D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了骑自行车需要戴头盔的原因。
1．根据上文“For most of the recorded history of bicycles, wearing a helmet was something that was limited toprofessionals participating in competitions. (在有记录的自行车历史的大部分时间里，戴头盔只限于参加比赛
的专业人士)”可知，上文说在自行车历史的大部分记录中，戴头盔仅限于参加比赛的专业人士。G项
“Until the 1980s, a movement to encourage the use of bicycle helmets among all bike riders arose. (直到20世纪
80年代，一场鼓励所有骑自行车的人使用自行车头盔的运动才兴起)”与上文存在并列关系，符合语境，故
选G项。
2．根据下文“The fact is that it is unsafe to engage in this sort of behavior. (事实是，这种行为是不安全的)”中
的“this sort of behavior”可知，空处提到了一种骑车时不安全的行为——不带头盔。C项“Still, some
people continue to ride a bicycle without a helmet. (尽管如此，仍有一些人不戴头盔继续骑自行车)”符合语
境，故选C项。
3．根据上文“The fact is that riding bicycle without a helmet is like operating a motor vehicle without wearing a
seat belt. (事实是，不戴头盔骑自行车就像不系安全带驾驶机动车一样)”可知，上文讲到不戴头盔骑自行车
就像不系安全带驾驶机动车一样危险。F项“In both cases, there is an increased risk of bodily harm, even
permanent injury. (在这两种情况下，身体伤害的风险都会增加，甚至是永久性伤害)”符合语境，此句中的
both cases指代前一句中的骑自行车不戴头盔与驾驶汽车不系安全带这两种情况。故选F项。
4．空格处位于段首, 是本段的主题句。根据下文“Helmets cushion (缓冲) the skull at the point of impact,
minimizing the chances of any type of permanent damage that could result in brain damage or even death. (在许多
情况下，涉及自行车骑手的事故也包括某种机动车辆。在两个装置之间发生碰撞时，自行车的骑车人更有
可能受到严重伤害。头盔缓冲垫撞击点处的头骨，最大限度地减少可能导致大脑损伤甚至死亡的任何类型
的永久性损伤的机会)”可知，本段主要介绍自行车头盔的设计有助于缓冲碰撞的冲击力。E项“Bicycle
helmets are designed to help absorb the shock of a crash. (自行车头盔的设计有助于吸收碰撞时的冲击)”概括头
盔的作用，故选E项。
5．根据上文“Adults should set an example for teens, teaching the value of safety by their actions. (成年人应该
为青少年树立榜样，通过他们的行动来教导安全的价值)”可知，上文讲到成年人应该为青少年树立榜样。
D项“Wearing a helmet yourself will encourage others to do likewise. (自己戴头盔会鼓励其他人也这样做)”与
上文存在解释关系，符合语境，故选D项。
（八）
（2025年陕西省西安市部分学校二模）
We all know someone whose presence just seems to light up a room. Somehow, they always leave a lasting
impression that makes everyone think that they’re a standout person! 1 Here’s a look at some behaviors
that lead to a good reputation.2 You’ve got friends who are always there when you call for help, whether it’s moving a couch or
planning a surprise party. These are the kind of people you remember fondly for their eagerness to step in without
hesitation. They’re the first to volunteer and the last to leave. Why? Because they want to make sure everyone
around them is okay before they think of themselves.
They keep their promises. 3 That’s why those who make a habit of keeping their promises are
such reliable pillars (支柱) in any community or group. People rely on them because they match their words with
actions consistently, whether it’s for a small task or a major commitment. You can always count on them to follow
through!
They’re authentic. Genuine people are like a breath of fresh air. 4 You always know where you
stand with them, and that’s a comfortable place to be! Their authenticity encourages others to let their guard down
and be real, too. Eventually, this creates more meaningful relationships that are far more satisfying.
They’re quick to admit mistakes. Nothing says “humble” and “honest” more than admitting when you’re
wrong. It’s refreshing to meet someone who can own their slip-ups without making excuses. It shows great
maturity. Plus, such openness often encourages other people to be just as forthcoming. It creates an environment of
transparency and forgiveness that benefits everyone. 40
A．They’re eager to lend a hand.
B．But what exactly are they doing right?
C．Trust is hard to earn and easy to lose.
D．Do you want to be a respectable person?
E．They turn to others for help when in trouble.
F．No wonder this kind of behavior earns so much respect.
G．They stay true to themselves in a way that makes them very likable and trustworthy.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．G 5．F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些能让人获得良好声誉的行为，如乐于助人、信守承诺、真诚
待人、勇于认错等。
1．上文“We all know someone whose presence just seems to light up a room. Somehow, they always leave a
lasting impression that makes everyone think that they’re a standout person!(我们都认识这样的人，他们一出现
就能让整个房间都亮起来。不知为何，他们总能给人留下深刻的印象，让每个人都觉得他们是出类拔萃的人!)”描述了那些能给人留下深刻印象的人，下文“Here’s a look at some behaviors that lead to a good
reputation.(下面来看看一些能带来良好声誉的行为)”引出下文要介绍的行为。B选项“But what exactly are
they doing right?(但他们到底做对了什么呢?)”承上启下，既承接上文提到的那些出众的人，又引出下文要介
绍的具体行为，上下文逻辑连贯。故选B项。
2．此空为主旨句；下文“You’ve got friends who are always there when you call for help, whether it’s moving a
couch or planning a surprise party. These are the kind of people you remember fondly for their eagerness to step in
without hesitation.(你有这样的朋友，无论你什么时候寻求帮助，无论是搬沙发还是策划惊喜派对，他们总
会在你身边。你会深情地记住这些人，因为他们总是毫不犹豫地伸出援手)”介绍了那些乐于助人的朋友。
A选项“They’re eager to lend a hand.(他们乐于助人)”概括了下文的内容，引出下文对乐于助人者的描述，
适合作段首主题句。故选A项。
3．上文“They keep their promises.(他们信守承诺)”强调了信守承诺这一行为，下文“That’s why those who
make a habit of keeping their promises are such reliable pillars (支柱) in any community or group.(这就是为什么
那些养成信守承诺习惯的人在任何社区或群体中都是如此可靠的支柱)”说明信守承诺的人很可靠。C选项
“Trust is hard to earn and easy to lose.(信任很难赢得却很容易失去)”解释了信守承诺的重要性，因为信守承
诺才能赢得他人的信任，与上下文逻辑相符。故选C项。
4．上文“They’re authentic. Genuine people are like a breath of fresh air.(他们很真诚。真诚的人就像一股清新
的空气)”强调了真诚，下文“You always know where you stand with them, and that’s a comfortable place to be!
(你总是知道和他们相处的立场，那是一个让人舒服的状态!)”进一步说明和真诚的人相处的感受。G选项
“They stay true to themselves in a way that makes them very likable and trustworthy.(他们坚持做自己，这种方
式让他们非常可爱且值得信赖)”具体解释了真诚的人的特点，与上下文衔接紧密。故选G项。
5．上文“Nothing says ‘humble’ and ‘honest’ more than admitting when you’re wrong. It’s refreshing to meet
someone who can own their slip ups without making excuses. It shows great maturity. Plus, such openness often
encourages other people to be just as forthcoming. It creates an environment of transparency and forgiveness that
benefits everyone.(没有什么比承认自己的错误更能体现“谦逊”和“诚实”了。遇到一个能坦然承认自己
失误而不找借口的人，会让人耳目一新。这显示出极大的成熟。此外，这种坦诚往往会鼓励其他人也同样
坦诚。它营造了一个透明和宽容的环境，让每个人都受益。)”阐述了勇于认错的好处。F选项“No wonder
this kind of behavior earns so much respect.(难怪这种行为会赢得如此多的尊重)”对上文进行总结，说明勇于
认错的行为值得尊重，与上文逻辑一致。故选F项。
（九）
（2025年陕西省西安市临潼区二模）How to Sneak in (悄悄进入) Exercise
We know routine exercise is important for overall well-being. But getting regular exercise in this day and age
can be tough. Fortunately, there are ways you can ‘sneak’ exercising into your lifestyle. Here we have listed ways
you can integrate physical activity into a more regular routine.
1
Often, hobbies can be more effective than a gym membership, as you are likely to stick with for longer
periods of time. One of the best active hobbies is taking up dance lessons. That is because it nails three main
principles of ‘sneaky’ exercising. It’s interesting and likely to be fun; You are learning a new skill; 42
Playtime With the Kids.
If you’re a parent with younger children, you have fantastic ways of ‘sneaking’ in weekly exercise by
fostering active playtime. It can be as simple as playing together with the football, or digging up the ground for
your kids’ garden. 2 Push them on the local park swings and chase them over playground.
House Cleaning.
3 Cleaning house feels good, and it’s even better feeling if you get a good workout from it. A few
adjustments to your weekly chores will help you get the most out of this type of exercise. For example, increase
both the pace at which you do your chores, such as sweeping and mopping, as well as the intensity.
Workplace Workouts.
Integrating certain exercises into your workday is not as odd as it seems. 4 Fitting even just 10-
minute exercise session at work goes a long way in improving your health and well-being. It can also be used to
break up the working day, allowing you to recharge and refocus on your next work priorities.
A．The lessons are scheduled weekly for ongoing participation.
B．When your kids are playing, get involved where you can.
C．In fact, workplace workouts can help you make the most of your limited hours.
D．Start an active hobby.
E．There is no need to spend much time on it.
F．Completing more tasks.
G．Believe it or not, getting stuck into cleaning your house can be a fantastic way to burn calories.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．G 5．C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何通过日常活动和爱好悄悄融入锻炼，提升身体健康和生活质量的方法。
1．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，结合其它段落的小标题可知，此处应为祈使句，根据下文的
“Often, hobbies can be more effective than a gym membership, as you are likely to stick with for longer periods
of time. One of the best active hobbies is taking up dance lessons.(通常，爱好可能比健身房会员更有效，因为
你可能会坚持更长的时间。最好的活跃爱好之一是学习舞蹈课程)”可知，此处讲述的内容与通过爱好悄悄
融入锻炼，D项“Start an active hobby.(开始一项积极的爱好)”为祈使句，且讲述的内容与下文内容吻合。
故选D项。
2．根据空前的“That is because it nails three main principles of ‘sneaky’ exercising. It’s interesting and likely to
be fun; You are learning a new skill;(这是因为跳舞符合“悄悄锻炼”的三个主要原则：它有趣且可能令人愉
快；你正在学习一项新技能；)”可知，此处分析舞蹈符合“悄悄锻炼”的三个主要原则中的最后一个原
则，A项“The lessons are scheduled weekly for ongoing participation.(课程每周安排一次，以便持续参与)”讲
述的是舞蹈课便于安排，而且能持续参与，可以作为其符合“悄悄锻炼”的三个主要原则中的一个原则。
故选A项。
3．根据本段的主题句“Playtime With the Kids.(与孩子一起玩耍)”以及空前的“It can be as simple as playing
together with the football, or digging up the ground for your kids’ garden.(这可以像一起踢足球一样简单，或者
为孩子们挖土建造花园)”可知，此处讲述的是通过和孩子一起玩耍让锻炼融入生活中，结合下文的“Push
them on the local park swings and chase them over playground.(在秋千上推他们，在操场上追逐他们)”可知，
此处建议参与到孩子的玩耍中，B项“When your kids are playing, get involved where you can.(当孩子在玩的
时候，尽可能参与其中)”符合本段的主题，且空后内容是对此选项的进一步阐述，符合语境。故选B项。
4．根据段的主题句“House Cleaning.(家务清洁)”可知，本段是建议将锻炼融入到做家务中，G项“Believe
it or not, getting stuck into cleaning your house can be a fantastic way to burn calories.(信不信由你，认真打扫房
子是一种燃烧卡路里的绝佳方式)”讲述的内容与本段的“家务清洁”主题吻合，且引出空后的“Cleaning
house feels good, and it’s even better feeling if you get a good workout from it.(做家务让人感觉良好，如果能从
中获得良好的锻炼效果，那就更好了)”讲述的做家务的好处，符合语境。故选G项。
5．根据空前的“Integrating certain exercises into your workday is not as odd as it seems.(将某些锻炼融入工作
日并不像看起来那么奇怪)”可知，此处讲述的是如何将锻炼融入到工作日中，结合空后的“Fitting even just
10-minute exercise session at work goes a long way in improving your health and well-being.(即使在工作中只进
行10分钟的锻炼，也能在改善健康和幸福感方面大有帮助)”可知，此空涉及到在工作日锻炼的时间问题，
C项“In fact, workplace workouts can help you make the most of your limited hours.(事实上，职场锻炼可以帮助你充分利用有限的时间)”与本段的主题吻合，且指明了在工作日锻炼并不奇怪的事实，且与下文的内容
一致，符合语境。故选C项。
（十）
（2025年陕西省安康市二模）
How to Overcome Test Anxiety
Test anxiety is a common problem among students. It can not only affect your performance in exams but also
have a negative impact on your mental health. 1 Here are some strategies to help you overcome test
anxiety.
Understand the Root Cause
The first step in overcoming test anxiety is to understand why you’ re feeling anxious. 2 For
example, if you’ re not well-prepared for an exam, it’s natural to feel anxious. Or perhaps you have a fear of failure
because of high expectations from your parents or teachers. Once you identify the root cause, you can start to
address it.
Prepare Thoroughly
3 This means studying regularly, understanding the material, and practicing sample questions.
When you’ re well-prepared, you’ll feel more confident going into the test. Make a study schedule and stick to it.
Break down your study tasks into smaller, manageable chunks. This way, you won’t feel overwhelmed and will be
better able to retain (保留) the information.
Practice Relaxation Techniques
Relaxation techniques can be very helpful in reducing test anxiety. 4 Deep breathing is a simple
yet effective method. Sit or lie down comfortably, close your eyes, and take slow, deep breaths. Inhale through your
nose for a count of four, hold for a count of four, and exhale through your mouth for a count of four. Progressive
muscle relaxation, where you tense and then relax different muscle groups in your body, can also help you relax.
Change Your Thinking Patterns
Negative thoughts can fuel test anxiety. Instead of thinking “I’m going to fail this test,” try to replace it with
positive thoughts like “I’ve prepared well and I’m going to do my best.” 5 Visualize (想象) yourself
succeeding in the test. Imagine answering the questions confidently and getting a good grade. This can help boost
your confidence and reduce anxiety.
A．It’s important to figure out what’s causing your anxiety
B．If you don’t study hard, you may not get the grades you wantC．By taking these steps, you can reduce test anxiety and perform better in your exams
D．One of the most effective ways to reduce anxiety is to be well-prepared for the test
E．When you’ re feeling anxious, it’s difficult to focus on the test questions
F．These techniques can help your body and mind relax, making it easier to focus during the test
G．Also, try to avoid comparing yourself to others, as this can increase your anxiety levels
【答案】1．E 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了克服考试焦虑的一些有效策略。
1．细节理解题。由上文“Test anxiety is a common problem among students. It can not only affect your
performance in exams but also have a negative impact on your mental health. (考试焦虑是学生中常见的问题。
它不仅会影响你的考试成绩，还会对你的心理健康产生负面影响。)”可知，上文提到了考试焦虑的负面影
响，本空应具体说明考试焦虑的负面影响。E项“When you’ re feeling anxious, it’s difficult to focus on the
test questions (当你感到焦虑时，很难集中精力在考试题目上。)”能够承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
2．细节理解题。由小标题“Understand the Root Cause (了解根本原因)”和下文“For example, if you’ re not
well-prepared for an exam, it’s natural to feel anxious. Or perhaps you have a fear of failure because of high
expectations from your parents or teachers. (例如，如果你没有为考试做好充分准备，感到焦虑是很自然的。
或者，也许你因为父母或老师的高期望而害怕失败。)”可知，本段主要讲要找出测试焦虑的根本原因，A
项“It’s important to figure out what’s causing your anxiety (弄清楚是什么导致了你的焦虑很重要)”与本段主旨
相一致，能够引出下文的具体例子，符合题意。故选A。
3．细节理解题。由小标题“Prepare Thoroughly (充分准备)”和下文“This means studying regularly,
understanding the material, and practicing sample questions. (这意味着定期学习，理解材料，并练习样题。)”
可知，本空应承上启下，强调克服测试焦虑需要充分准备，D项“One of the most effective ways to reduce
anxiety is to be well-prepared for the test (减少焦虑最有效的方法之一就是为考试做好充分准备)”与本段主旨
相一致，能引出平时的准备措施，符合题意。故选D。
4．细节理解题。由小标题“Practice Relaxation Techniques (练习放松技巧)”和下文“Deep breathing is a
simple yet effective method. (深呼吸是一种简单而有效的方法。)”可知，本段主要讲练习放松技巧，本空应
强调这些技巧可以缓解测试焦虑，F项“These techniques can help your body and mind relax, making it easier
to focus during the test (这些技巧可以帮助你的身心放松，让你在考试时更容易集中注意力)”与本段主旨相
一致，且These techniques指代下文提到的具体放松技巧，符合题意。故选F。5．细节理解题。由小标题“Change Your Thinking Patterns (改变你的思维模式)”和上文“Negative thoughts
can fuel test anxiety. Instead of thinking “I’m going to fail this test,” try to replace it with positive thoughts like
“I’ve prepared well and I’m going to do my best.” (消极的想法会加剧考试焦虑。不要想着“我这次考试肯定
会不及格”，试着用积极的想法来取代它，比如“我已经做好了充分的准备，我会尽我最大的努力”。)”
可知，本段主要讲改变思维模式可以缓解测试焦虑，本空应补充说明改变思维模式的方法，G项“Also,
try to avoid comparing yourself to others, as this can increase your anxiety levels (此外，尽量避免把自己和别人
比较，因为这会增加你的焦虑水平)”与上文内容相呼应，都是讲改变消极思维模式的方法，符合题意。故
选G。
（十一）
（2025年陕西省渭南市二模）
The Internet offers us an opportunity to know more people with very little effort. 1 ?
How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age. While digital immigrants (移
民), such as I, a 43-year-old man, support the belief that people “separate their online lives from their offline lives”,
the digital natives, such as my son, an 18-year-old boy, growing with Facebook and Instagram, find differences
between online and offline friendships more unclear.
The Pew Research Center finds that 57% of American teens make new friends online. However, it also finds
that most “digital friendships” just stay in the digital space, 2 . It seems that real-time friendships are
considered more valuable than digital friendships even among the digital natives.
So, is the Internet bad for relationships? Obviously not. Without the net, 3 . And the digital native
seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial. 83% of teen social media users believe that social
media makes them feel more connected to their friends’ lives. 4 . 68%of teen social media users report
having experienced unpleasant feelings toward their friends on social media. 26% of all teens have had an
argument with a friend over something that happened online.
5 . But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity. And a balance of online and offline
interactions will pave the way for better relationships in the world.
A．However, online interactions can sometimes have a negative effect on existing relationships
B．People from different countries hold different opinions
C．But are online friendships the same as in-real-life (IRL) friendships
D．The Internet is undoubtedly an invaluable link between people separated by distance
E．and a true friend is someone who gives you the freedom to be yourselfF．I could have never kept in touch with my high school friends after a quarter of a century
G．and only 20% of teens have met an online friend in person
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．F 4．A 5．D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了网络友谊与现实友谊的异同及网络对人际关系的影响。
1．上文“The Internet offers us an opportunity to know more people with very little effort.(互联网为我们提供了
一个只需很少努力就能认识更多人的机会)”说明了互联网在交友方面的作用。空处应是一个转折或引出新
话题的句子，下文“How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.(人们如何看待
网络友谊和现实生活中的友谊取决于他们的年龄)”开始讨论网络友谊和现实友谊的问题，所以空处应引出
关于网络友谊和现实友谊的比较。所以C项“但是网络友谊和现实生活中的友谊一样吗”符合语境。故选
C。
2．上文“The Pew Research Center finds that 57% of American teens make new friends online. However, it also
finds that most“digital friendships”just stay in the digital space,(皮尤研究中心发现，57%的美国青少年在网上
结交新朋友。然而，研究还发现，大多数“数字友谊” 只停留在数字空间里)”表明大部分网络友谊仅存在
于网络空间。空处应继续阐述网络友谊的相关情况，所以 G 项“并且只有 20% 的青少年亲自见过网友”
进一步说明了青少年网友见面的比例，与上文构成递进关系，都是关于青少年线上交友的具体数据和情
况。故选G。
3．上文“So, is the Internet bad for relationships? Obviously not. Without the net,(那么，互联网对人际关系有
害吗？显然不是。没有网络)”说明互联网对人际关系有益，空处应说明没有网络的情况下会怎样。F项
“在四分之一个世纪后，我可能永远无法与我的高中朋友保持联系了”举例说明了网络对于保持朋友联系
的重要性，承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
4．上文“83% of teen social media users believe that social media makes them feel more connected to their
friends’lives.(83%的青少年社交媒体用户认为社交媒体让他们与朋友的生活联系更紧密)”表明社交媒体的积
极作用，下文“68% of teen social media users report having experienced unpleasant feelings toward their friends
on social media.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that happened online.(68%的
青少年社交媒体用户表示在社交媒体上对朋友有过不愉快的感觉。26%的青少年曾因网上发生的事情与朋
友发生过争吵)”阐述了社交媒体的消极影响，所以空处应是一个表示转折的句子，引出社交媒体的负面作
用。所以A项“然而，在线互动有时会对现有的关系产生负面影响”符合语境。故选A。
5．下文“But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity. And a balance of online and offline interactionswill pave the way for better relationships in the world. (但这种联系必须建立在亲密和熟悉的基础上。线上和线
下互动的平衡将为世界上更好的人际关系铺平道路)”强调了线上联系的重要性以及线上线下互动平衡的意
义，空处应说明互联网在人际关系中的重要性。D项 “互联网无疑是分隔两地的人们之间的宝贵纽带”
符合语境，下文中的this link指代该选项中的“an invaluable link between people separated by distance”。故
选D。
（十二）
（2025年山西省临汾市二模）
Having trouble concentrating? Tired even after enough sleep?... They are common signs that you need
moments of solitude (独处). 1 : Now Let’s dig into why solitude boosts your mental health.
It allows you to know yourself.
We observe social expectations and rules when we’re around others, even if we’re not consciously doing so.
2 The more alone time you give yourself, the more you become comfortable with your own company. When
fully focused on yourself, you can work toward being the person you want to be and what you want to achieve.
You can recharge.
One of the main signs that you need alone time is being short-tempered. 3 It puts the nervous
system in a “low-arousal” state, which allows ‘us’ to feel calm and unbothered. Investing in yourself and doing
things you like will improve y our mood and lead your stress levels to go down.
4
When you spend time alone, you are more aware of what people around you bring to the table. Those who
regularly participate in solitude know what they can offer themselves. This helps them identify what they want and
need from other people. They can make better decisions about their boundaries and the health of their relationships.
Kindly note: Solitude doesn’t mean that we don’t have to socialize and keep connected with others. Be it
friends or families; after all, all of them can offer emotional support during our tough times and motivate us to
become-better version of ourselves. 60
A．It is normal to enjoy being alone.
B．Your connections are more meaningful.
C．Solitude offers a chance to get refreshed.
D．Recharging helps drop all the burden we carry.
E．Solitude is spending time alone without feeling lonely.
F．Learning to enjoy solitude is what we are supposed to do.G．Giving yourself time away from the pressure allows you to be yourself.
【答案】1．E 2．G 3．C 4．B 5．F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了独处对心理健康有益的原因及相关注意事项。
1．上文“Having trouble concentrating? Tired even after enough sleep?... They are common signs that you need
moments of solitude (独处).(注意力难以集中？即使睡眠充足还是感到疲惫？……这些都是你需要独处时刻
的常见迹象)”指出出现这些状况表明需要独处，下文“Now Let’s dig into why solitude boosts your mental
health.(现在让我们深入探究一下为什么独处能提升你的心理健康)”引出对独处益处的探讨。E 选项
“Solitude is spending time alone without feeling lonely.(独处是独自度过时光而不感到孤独)”对独处进行定义
解释，承接上文提到的独处话题，又自然引出下文对独处益处的讨论，符合语境。故选E。
2．上文“We observe social expectations and rules when we’re around others, even if we’re not consciously doing
so.(当我们和别人在一起时，我们会遵循社会的期望和规则，即使我们没有意识到自己在这样做)”表明和他
人相处时会受外界约束，下文“The more alone time you give yourself, the more you become comfortable with
your own company.(你给自己的独处时间越多，你就会越适应自己陪伴自己)”强调了独处能让人适应自我陪
伴。G选项“Giving yourself time away from the pressure allows you to be yourself.(给自己一些远离压力的时
间能让你做自己)”承上启下，解释了因为和他人相处有压力，所以需要独处来做自己，符合语境。故选
G。
3．上文“One of the main signs that you need alone time is being short-tempered.(你需要独处时间的主要迹象
之一是脾气暴躁)”指出脾气暴躁是需要独处的一种表现，下文“It puts the nervous system in a ‘low-arousal’
state, which allows us to feel calm and unbothered.(它使神经系统处于一种“低唤醒”状态，这让我们感到平
静且不受干扰)”说明了独处带来的好处。C选项“Solitude offers a chance to get refreshed.(独处提供了一个恢
复精力的机会)”承上启下，“脾气暴躁”意味着需要恢复精力，“恢复精力”与下文使神经系统处于低唤
醒状态、感到平静相呼应，符合语境。故选C。
4．根据下文“When you spend time alone, you are more aware of what people around you bring to the table.
Those who regularly participate in solitude know what they can offer themselves. This helps them identify what
they want and need from other people. They can make better decisions about their boundaries and the health of
their relationships.(当你独处时，你会更清楚身边的人能给你带来什么。那些经常独处的人知道他们能为自
己提供什么。这有助于他们确定自己从别人那里想要和需要什么。他们可以在自己的界限和人际关系的健
康方面做出更好的决定)”可知，该段主要讲了独处能让人更清楚人际关系，使关系更有意义。B选项“Your connections are more meaningful.(你的人际关系更有意义)”作为小标题，能概括该段内容，符合语
境。故选B。
5．上文“Kindly note: Solitude doesn’t mean that we don’t have to socialize and keep connected with others. Be it
friends or families; after all, all of them can offer emotional support during our tough times and motivate us to
become a better version of ourselves.(请注意：独处并不意味着我们不需要社交和与他人保持联系。无论是朋
友还是家人；毕竟，他们都能在我们困难的时候提供情感支持，激励我们成为更好的自己)”说明朋友和家
人的支持以及独处的好处。F选项“Learning to enjoy solitude is what we are supposed to do.(学会享受独处是
我们应该做的事)”强调要学会享受独处，与上文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选F。
（十三）
（2025年陕西省西安市长安区二模）
“If you buy things you do not need, soon you will have to sell things you need.” This is a piece of wise
advice from Warren Buffet, arguably one of the greatest financial minds of the 21st century. 1 This is true
especially in the present economic climate.
While the idea of being frugal(节俭的) has long been a part of Eastern culture, the relatively recent growth
of wealth in China as well as the ease of purchasing has led to increased consumerism for many across the country.
Yet this increased consumption of goods has been pushing up the prices of certain bare essentials such as housing,
transportation and food, which is forcing people to reevaluate their priorities while spending money. 62
The internet is flooded with advice on where one can save money as well as good opinions about how they
should spend their money. For example, clothes can be bought second-hand, but you should never skip a visit to the
dentist. 2 In the meanwhile, you should limit those that are fancy but not entirely necessary. Of course, it
is still fine to occasionally spend money on a nice vacation, but buying thirty pairs of shoes you will only wear a
few times is neither responsible nor sustainable.
Hopefully, we all fully understand at this point that the resources on the earth are indeed limited. 3
As a result, the choice (forced or not) to be frugal is not only good for one’s wallet, but also beneficial to the planet
in the long run. Have you ever chosen to starve yourself to get a pair of limited-edition sneakers? 65
A．A continuous growth model on this planet is by no means sustainable.
B．These words have always not been taken seriously by young people.
C．They are meant to encourage people to buy more stuff than they need.
D．It makes sense to prioritize goods and services that directly affect your health.
E．It is no wonder then that being frugal is once again becoming a dominant trend.F．Many young people today appear to be taking these words very much to heart.
G．If so, it is high time you started making changes for yourself and for all humanity.
【答案】1．F 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．G
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍21世纪年轻人的节俭观念。
1．根据上文““If you buy things you do not need, soon you will have to sell things you need.” This is a piece of
wise advice from Warren Buffet, arguably one of the greatest financial minds of the 12st century. (“如果你买了不
需要的东西，很快你就必须卖掉你需要的东西。”这是沃伦·巴菲特的一条明智建议，他可以说是21世纪
最伟大的金融大亨之一。)”和下文“This is true especially in the present economic climate. (这是真的，尤其是
在目前的经济环境下。)”和“While the idea of being frugal(节俭的) has long been a part of Eastern culture, the
relatively recent growth of wealth in China as well as the ease of purchasing has led to increased consumerism for
many across the country. Yet this increased consumption of goods has been pushing up the prices of certain bare
essentials such as housing, transportation and food, which is forcing people to reevaluate their priorities while
spending money. (虽然节俭的观念长期以来一直是东方文化的一部分，但中国最近的财富增长以及购买的便
利性导致了全国许多人的消费主义加剧。然而，这种商品消费的增加推高了某些基本必需品的价格，如住
房、交通和食品，这迫使人们在花钱时重新评估自己的优先事项。)”可知，这里表明现在年轻人的做法和
巴菲特的观点是一致的。选项F“如今，许多年轻人似乎非常重视这些话。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
2．根据上文“While the idea of being frugal(节俭的) has long been a part of Eastern culture, the relatively recent
growth of wealth in China as well as the ease of purchasing has led to increased consumerism for many across the
country. Yet this increased consumption of goods has been pushing up the prices of certain bare essentials such as
housing, transportation and food, which is forcing people to reevaluate their priorities while spending money. (虽然
节俭的观念长期以来一直是东方文化的一部分，但中国最近的财富增长以及购买的便利性导致了全国许多
人的消费主义加剧。然而，这种商品消费的增加推高了某些基本必需品的价格，如住房、交通和食品，这
迫使人们在花钱时重新评估自己的优先事项。)”可知，这是年轻人节俭的社会原因。选项E“因此，节俭再
次成为主流也就不足为奇了。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
3．根据上文“For example, clothes can be bought second-hand, but you should never skip a visit to the dentist.
(例如，衣服可以买二手的，但你永远不应该错过看牙医的机会。)”可知，花钱的时候要先考虑健康。选项
D“优先考虑直接影响你健康的商品和服务是有意义的。”和上文意思一致。故选D。
4．根据上文“Hopefully, we all fully understand at this point that the resources on the earth are indeed limited.(希望在这一点上，我们都能充分理解地球上的资源确实是有限的。)”可知，这里提到地球上的资源确实是
有限的。选项A“这个星球上的持续增长模式是不可持续的。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
5．根据上文“Have you ever chosen to starve yourself to get a pair of limited-edition sneakers? (你有没有选择
饿着肚子去买一双限量版运动鞋？)”可知，这里表明让人们自己从自身看有没有做到为了地球的可持续发
展而努力。选项G“如果是这样的话，那就是你开始为自己和全人类做出改变的时候了。”和上文意思一
致。故选G。
（十四）
（2025年三省三校（黑龙江省哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学）二模）
Glitter (闪光纸屑) is widely used to decorate clothing, arts, and so on. During festivals and celebrations, it
brings joy and excitement, creating a dazzling atmosphere that unites people in the celebration. 1 It is
necessary to know why.
2 The glitter you used for your decorations a decade ago probably still exists now. And it makes
products that you may normally wish to recycle, such as wrapping paper, no longer recyclable. This is why the UK
government has banned to put shiny or glittery Christmas cards or wrapping paper in recycling bags.
Besides, due to its size, lots of plastic glitter will unavoidably make its way into water, rivers, and eventually
the oceans. 3 This has been shown to significantly impact the reproduction rates of oyster (牡蛎) and
make other animals less active, more likely to be eaten and less likely to thrive.
Glitter also contributes to the increasing microplastics inside human bodies. 4 Aside from directly
finding its way into our food from glittery cards and decorations, it's consumed by fish, shellfish, seabirds and other
marine life, thus passing through the food chain and eventually reaching us and harming our health.
While restricting glitter is only an extremely small step in addressing the broader microplastic problem, the
European Union has taken the lead in this. Leading UK retailer (零售商) such as Morrisons should be praised for
taking a stand and going completely glitter free. 5 But if we are to protect our planet, no step is too
small.
A．This means it gets everywhere.
B．Life in these water bodies often mistakes it for food.
C．But it is now officially banned in the European Union.
D．The materials used to make glitter are known to harm human health.
E．Growing research suggests glitter ends up back on our dinner tables.
F．Banning glitter obviously won't completely save the climate or animals.G．The problem with glitters is that it is a microplastic that doesn't break down naturally.
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．B 4．E 5．F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了闪光纸屑（Glitter）的广泛使用及其对环境的影响，特别是它作
为微塑料对水体、海洋生物和人类健康的危害。文章还提到了一些国家和零售商对闪光纸屑的限制措施。
1．根据上文“Glitter is widely used to decorate clothing, arts, and so on. During festivals and celebrations, it
brings joy and excitement, creating a dazzling atmosphere that unites people in the celebration. 闪光纸屑广泛用
于装饰衣物、艺术品等。在节日和庆祝活动中，它带来欢乐和兴奋，营造出令人眼花缭乱的氛围，使人们
团结在庆祝中)以及根据下文“It is necessary to know why.(有必要知道原因)”可知，选项与上文为转折关关
系，且承接下文，说明在某些地区是被禁止的。故C选项“但现在它在欧盟被正式禁止”切题。故选C
项。
2．根据文章第 2段“The glitter you used for your decorations a decade ago probably still exists now. And it
makes products that you may normally wish to recycle, such as wrapping paper, no longer recyclable.(你十年前用
于装饰的闪光纸屑可能现在仍然存在。它使得你通常希望回收的产品，如包装纸，不再可回收)”可知，本
段主要在说闪光纸屑很难自降解。故G选项“闪光纸屑的问题在于它是一种不能自然分解的微塑料”切
题，为本段的标题。故选G。
3．根据上文“Besides, due to its size, lots of plastic glitter will unavoidably make its way into water, rivers, and
eventually the oceans.(此外，由于其大小，许多塑料闪光物将不可避免地进入水、河流，最终进入海洋)”可
知，选项承接上文说明导致的结果。故B选项“水体中的生物常误将其当作食物”切题。故选B项。
4．根据上文“Glitter also contributes to the increasing microplastics inside human bodies.(闪光纸屑也会增加人
体内的微塑料)”可知，选项承接上文说明一项研究的内容且与闪光纸屑与人的饮食有关。故 E选项“研究
表明闪光纸屑最终会回到我们的餐桌上”切题。故选E项。
5．根据上文“Leading UK retailer（零售商）such as Morrisons should be praised for taking a stand and going
completely glitter free.(莫里森等英国主要零售商应该受到赞扬，因为它们表明了自己的立场，完全不使用
闪光纸屑。)”以及根据下文“But if we are to protect our planet, no step is too small.(但如果我们要保护我们的
星球，没有哪一步是太小的)”可知，选项承上且与下文为转折关系说明禁令的局限性。故F选项“禁止闪
光纸屑显然不能完全拯救气候或动物。”切题。故选F项。
（十五）
（2025年山西省晋中市二模）Supporting someone emotionally feels like walking a tightrope. 1 Here are some practical ways.
Ask specific questions. When offering emotional support, asking questions is a good start. But “How can I
support you?” isn’t always the best. People may not know what they want or need, especially in tough situations.
2 For example, “I know he gave you a hard time. How have you been holding up?”
Be a good listener. 3 Listening actively, or sympathetically, is another important part of providing
emotional support. When you really listen to someone, you give them your full attention. Being a good listener
shows others you care about what they’re going through. For someone who’s struggling, knowing that someone
else has heard their pain can make a big difference.
4 You might think you’re helping someone by telling them how to fix a problem. But generally
speaking, people don’t want advice unless they request it. If they’ve moved from “complaining” to “talking through
the problem”, use reflective questions to help them find solutions on their own. You might, for instance, say
something like: “Have you been in a situation like this before? What helped then?”
Avoid judgment. Nobody likes being judged. Those in a tough situation due to their actions may already be
self-judging. When seeking support, people don’t want criticism, even well-intentioned constructive criticism.
Avoid asking questions that seem blaming or judgmental, like “So what made them so mad at you?” Even without
direct judgment, tone can show emotion. Make sure your voice doesn’t sound disapproving. 75
A．Skip the advice.
B．Advise or fix the problem.
C．Ask tailored questions instead.
D．Asking questions isn’t enough.
E．Focus on sympathy when speaking.
F．Many struggle to find the right balance.
G．It can improve anyone’s outlook and wellness.
【答案】1．F 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍在情感上支持他人的实用方法，包括问针对性问题、做倾听者、避免
给建议及不评判等。
1．由上文“Supporting someone emotionally feels like walking a tightrope. (在情感上支持某人就像走钢丝。)”
可知，在情感上支持他人是一件很有难度的事情，需要把握好度。而F项Many struggle to find the rightbalance. (很多人都在努力寻找合适的平衡。)进一步说明了很多人在做这件事时面临的困难，即难以找到平
衡，与上文“走钢丝” 所表达的难度相呼应，起到了承接上文的作用。故选F项。
2．根据上文“When offering emotional support, asking questions is a good start. But “How can I support you?”
isn’t always the best. People may not know what they want or need, especially in tough situations. (当提供情感支
持时，提问是一个好的开始。但是 “我该如何支持你呢？” 并不总是最好的问题。人们可能不知道他们
想要或需要什么，尤其是在艰难的情况下。)”以及下文“For example,‘I know he gave you a hard time. How
have you been holding up?’(例如，‘我知道他让你日子不好过。你最近过得怎么样？’)”可知，上文指出一
般性的提问不好，下文给出了具体的合适的提问例子，所以中间应该是说要问合适的、有针对性的问题。
而C项Ask tailored questions instead. (相反，要问有针对性的问题。)符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用。
故选C项。
3．根据上文“Ask specific questions. (问具体的问题。)”以及下文“Listening actively, or sympathetically, is
another important part of providing emotional support. (积极地或同情地倾听，是提供情感支持的另一个重要
部分。)”可知，上文强调了提问，下文强调了倾听也是很重要的，所以此处应该是说仅仅提问是不够的。
而D项Asking questions isn’t enough. (仅仅提问是不够的。)符合语境，能够很好地连接上下文。故选D
项。
4．根据下文“You might think you’re helping someone by telling them how to fix a problem. But generally
speaking, people don’t want advice unless they request it. (你可能认为通过告诉别人如何解决问题就是在帮助
他们。但一般来说，人们不想要建议，除非他们自己要求。)”可知，这段主要讲的是在提供情感支持时，
不要轻易给别人建议，除非别人要求。而 A项Skip the advice. (跳过建议。)能够很好地概括这段的主旨。
故选A项。
5．根据上文“Avoid judgment. Nobody likes being judged. Those in a tough situation due to their actions may
already be self-judging. When seeking support, people don’t want criticism, even well-intentioned constructive
criticism. Avoid asking questions that seem blaming or judgmental, like “So what made them so mad at you?” Even
without direct judgment, tone can show emotion. Make sure your voice doesn’t sound disapproving. (避免评判。
没有人喜欢被评判。那些因为自己的行为而处于艰难处境的人可能已经在自我评判了。当寻求支持时，人
们不想要批评，即使是善意的建设性批评。避免问那些似乎带有指责或评判性的问题，比如 “那么是什
么让他们对你这么生气呢？” 即使没有直接的评判，语气也能表现出情感。确保你的声音听起来不像是
不赞成的。)”可知，这段主要讲的是在与需要情感支持的人交流时要避免评判，注意语气。而E项Focus
on sympathy when speaking. (说话时要专注于同情。)符合语境，强调了在交流时要表达出同情，而不是评判，与上文内容相呼应。故选E项。
（十六）
（2025年陕西省渭南市二模）
Almost everyone procrastinates (拖延). Whether it’s avoiding an assignment, delaying house chores, or
putting off a visit to the dentist, we’ve all been there. The tasks you avoid aren’t always hard or time-consuming,
but they may trigger discomfort, leading to stress and guilt. 76
Begin with bite-sized tasks.
One of the biggest reasons we procrastinate is that tasks seem too big or overwhelming. 1 When
you break a task into smaller steps, it becomes much more manageable. For example, if you’re avoiding cleaning
your room, don’t aim to finish it in one day. Instead, focus on sorting just one corner or organizing a single shelf.
2
We often procrastinate on the tasks we find most unpleasant. Whether it’s an awkward conversation you
need to have or a particularly tough assignment, putting off these tasks only increases anxiety. However, if you do
them first in the morning, you’ll free up mental space to handle the rest of your day more smoothly.
Use rewards to stay motivated.
3 One way to encourage yourself to tackle uncomfortable tasks is by using rewards. Pair an
unpleasant task with a desirable activity, or promise yourself a treat once the task is done. This method transforms
the task into a stepping stone to something you enjoy.
Apply the two-minute rule.
The two-minute rule suggests that if a task can be done in two minutes or less, do it immediately. 4
For example, if you need to send a quick email, respond to a text, or wash a few dishes, handle it immediately.
These small actions might seem insignificant, but they can clear your mental burden and create momentum (动力)
towards larger tasks.
A．Cut down on decisions.
B．Tackle your toughest task first.
C．It helps stop small tasks from piling up.
D．Sometimes, we need a little external push.
E．The trick is to begin with something simple.
F．Below are some strategies to help you conquer procrastination.
G．It encourages you to take action when you’re 70 percent ready.【答案】1．F 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了克服拖延的几种有效策略。
1．上文“The tasks you avoid aren’t always hard or time-consuming, but they may trigger discomfort, leading to
stress and guilt.(你避免的任务并不总是困难或耗时的，但它们可能会引发不适，导致压力和内疚)”说明拖延
会带来的问题。空处和前文为顺接关系，引出下文介绍克服拖延的方法。所以F项“以下是一些帮助你克
服拖延的策略。”符合语境。故选F。
2．上文“One of the biggest reasons we procrastinate is that tasks seem too big or overwhelming.(我们拖延的最
大原因之一是任务看起来太大或太艰巨)”说明任务太大或太艰巨会导致拖延。下文“When you break a task
into smaller steps, it becomes much more manageable.(当你把一项任务分解成更小的步骤时，它就会变得更容
易管理)”说明把任务分解成小步骤可以克服拖延。空处承上启下，说明克服拖延的技巧是从简单的事情开
始。所以E项“诀窍是从简单的事情开始。”符合语境，该项中的“begin with something simple”和下文中
的“break a task into smaller steps”相呼应。故选E。
3．下文“We often procrastinate on the tasks we find most unpleasant. Whether it’s an awkward conversation you
need to have or a particularly tough assignment, putting off these tasks only increases anxiety. However, if you do
them first in the morning, you’ll free up mental space to handle the rest of your day more smoothly.(我们经常拖延
那些我们觉得最不愉快的任务。无论是你需要进行的一次尴尬的谈话，还是一项特别艰巨的任务，推迟这
些任务只会增加焦虑。然而，如果你早上先把它们做完，你就会腾出心理空间，让一天的其余时间更顺利
地进行)”说明要先处理最艰巨的任务。空处为段落主题句，概括本段内容。所以 B项“先处理最艰巨的任
务。”符合语境。故选B。
4．上文“Use rewards to stay motivated.(用奖励来保持动力)”说明要用奖励来激励自己。下文“One way to
encourage yourself to tackle uncomfortable tasks is by using rewards.(鼓励自己处理不舒服的任务的一种方法是
使用奖励)”说明需要激励来处理不舒服的任务。空处承上启下，解释为什么需要奖励，即有时候我们需要
一点外部的推动。所以D项“有时候，我们需要一点外部推动。”符合语境，该项中的“a little external
push”和下文中的“by using rewards”相呼应。故选D。
5．上文“The two-minute rule suggests that if a task can be done in two minutes or less, do it immediately.(两分
钟规则建议，如果一项任务可以在两分钟或更短的时间内完成，那就立即去做)”说明两分钟规则的内容。
空处和前文为因果关系，阐述这样做的好处是能阻止小任务堆积。所以 C项“它有助于阻止小任务堆积起
来” 符合语境，该项中的It指代前文中的“The two-minute rule”。后文“For example, if you need to send aquick email, respond to a text, or wash a few dishes, handle it immediately.(例如，如果你需要快速发送一封电子
邮件、回复一条短信，或者洗几个盘子，那就立即去处理)” 举例说明了可以立即处理的小任务。故选
C。故选C。
（十七）
（2025年陕西省山西省宁夏青海省四省二模）
Have you ever noticed how peaceful the world seems after a good snowfall and how quiet falls over the
landscape whenever it snows? 1 Actually, snow does make the world quieter.
Some of the newfound quiet after a snowfall is logical. People tend to stay home during snowstorms, which
means there are fewer people outside and not as many cars on the road. And birds tend to stay in their nests during
severe weather, so they are quieter during a snowstorm too, according to the National Audubon Society.
2 Snow absorbs sound, so when a fresh blanket of snow covers the landscape, it absorbs many of
the sound waves, making it seem quieter outside, according to AccuWeather.
Sound absorption is rated on a scale of 0 to 1, AccuWeather reports. Something with a sound absorption
rating of 0.5 absorbs 50 percent of sound, for example. The sound absorption rating of snow falls somewhere
between 0.5 and 0.9. 83
The reason why snow is able to absorb sound is that it is porous (多孔的). Snowflakes are six-sided crystals,
and they are filled with open spaces. Those spaces absorb sound waves, creating a quieting effect over a blanket of
snow.
However, not all snowfalls are equal when it comes to silencing the world outside. 3 Usually a
few inches of snow is needed to have a noticeable quieting effect, according to AccuWeather.
4 The reason? The snowflakes change shape as they melt (融化), reducing the size of the spaces
between the crystals. As temperatures fluctuate (波动) in winter, newly fallen snow can partially melt and then
freeze. Once the snow turns into ice, it can actually increase nearby sounds because ice reflects sound waves rather
than absorbing them.
A．As snow melts, it loses its silencing ability.
B．It’s not your mind playing tricks on you.
C．But there’s science behind the silence as well.
D．That means it absorbs much of the surrounding sound.
E．Just a dusting of snow isn’t enough to absorb much sound.
F．It’s better to experience the quiet than just admire it indoors.G．So silence that falls over the world after a fresh snowfall is temporary.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了下雪后世界变得安静的原因。
1．上文“Have you ever noticed how peaceful the world seems after a good snowfall and how quiet falls over the
landscape whenever it snows?(你有没有注意到，一场大雪过后，世界似乎变得多么宁静，每当雪花飘落，大
地变得多么安静?)”提出下雪后世界变安静这一现象并引发思考。B选项“It’s not your mind playing tricks on
you.(这不是你的头脑在捉弄你)”承接上文，表明下雪后世界确实会变安静，并非大脑捉弄人们，让人们产
生错觉，上下文语意衔接自然。故选B项。
2．上文“Some of the newfound quiet after a snowfall is logical. People tend to stay home during snowstorms,
which means there are fewer people outside and not as many cars on the road. And birds tend to stay in their nests
during severe weather, so they are quieter during a snowstorm too, according to the National Audubon Society.(下
雪后的一些新发现的安静是合乎逻辑的。在暴风雪期间，人们倾向于呆在家里，这意味着外面的人更少，
路上的汽车也没有那么多。据美国国家奥杜邦协会称，鸟类在恶劣天气时倾向于呆在鸟巢里，所以它们在
暴风雪期间也会更安静)”从人、鸟活动方面说明了下雪后安静的原因。C选项“But there’s science behind
the silence as well.(但这种安静背后也有科学原理)”引出下文从科学角度解释雪能吸收声音这一原因，与上
文构成递进关系，选项中“science”与下文的科学解释“Snow absorbs sound, so when a fresh blanket of snow
covers the landscape, it absorbs many of the sound waves, making it seem quieter outside, according to
AccuWeather.(据AccuWeather称，雪会吸收声音，所以当一层新雪覆盖地面时，它会吸收许多声波，使室
外看起来更安静)”相照应。故选C项。
3．上文“The sound absorption rating of snow falls somewhere between 0.5 and 0.9.(雪的吸音率在0.5到0.9之
间)”说明了雪的吸音率情况。D选项“That means it absorbs much of the surrounding sound.(这意味着它能吸
收大部分周围的声音)”对上文雪的吸音率情况进行总结，表明雪能吸收大部分声音，选项中“That”指代上
文雪的吸音率情况。故选D项。
4．下文“Usually a few inches of snow is needed to have a noticeable quieting effect(通常需要几英寸厚的雪才
能有明显的安静效果)”说明了要有明显安静效果所需雪的厚度。E选项“Just a dusting of snow isn’t enough
to absorb much sound.(仅仅薄薄一层雪不足以吸收很多声音)”与下文相呼应，说明少量雪不能很好地吸收声
音，需要一定厚度的雪才行，上下文逻辑连贯。故选E项。
5．下文“The reason? The snowflakes change shape as they melt (融化), reducing the size of the spaces betweenthe crystals. As temperatures fluctuate (波动) in winter, newly fallen snow can partially melt and then freeze. Once
the snow turns into ice, it can actually increase nearby sounds because ice reflects sound waves rather than
absorbing them.(原因是什么呢?雪花在融化时会改变形状，减小晶体之间的空隙大小。在冬季，随着气温波
动，新下的雪可能会部分融化然后再冻结。一旦雪变成冰，实际上会增加附近的声音，因为冰会反射声波
而不是吸收它们)”解释了雪融化后失去吸音能力的原因。A选项“As snow melts, it loses its silencing ability.
(随着雪融化，它会失去吸音能力)”引出下文对雪融化后情况的说明，上下文逻辑合理。故选A项。
（十八）
（2025年宁夏银川市第二中学二模）
Spring is a wonderful time to get outside and work in the garden, but have you ever considered how you can
transform standard spring gardening jobs into mindful moments to boost your well-being? Here are the answers.
Take care of nesting birds
Springtime is nesting time for birds. You can find birdseed at your local store and set up a feeder in a suitable
spot. 1 And watching birds can be a relaxing and enjoyable activity, which helps you feel more connected
to nature.
Get planting
Now is the growing season for plants. Whether you’ re planting flowers, vegetables, or something else, it’s a
reminder of the way that the seeds we plant now will come to fruition in the future. 87
Pruning(修剪) and deadheading(摘除残花)
Pruning and deadheading may seem like a chore, but they can actually be beneficial. 2 When you’
re going through this job, take some time to consider areas in your life that you could cut back on in order to thrive
in the future.
3
It might be tempting to keep your garden perfectly organized, but that’s not always the best idea. Gardens
need a bit of mess to be healthy and diverse. Pollinators and insects benefit hugely from dead plants left in the
garden, so does the soil. So stick to hard surfaces like pathways and let borders and grassy areas do their thing.
Create a mini pond
4 It can be as small as a bucket, or any other watertight container you have. Simply add a layer of
pebbles,fill it with water, add pond plants, and wait for the wildlife to turn up.
A．Embrace a touch of wildness
B．Balance order with natural chaosC．They will appreciate the food and shelter.
D．You don’t need a large space to create a pond.
E．This can give you a sense of purpose and hope.
F．It’s like removing the unnecessary of your life.
G．Making a mini pond is an easy and interesting project.
【答案】1．C 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何在春季做一些有益身心健康的园艺工作。
1．根据前文“You can find birdseed at your local store and set up a feeder in a suitable spot.( 你可以在当地的
商店找到鸟食，并在合适的地方设置一个喂食器。)”可知，在当地商店买鸟食并在合适的地方设置喂食
器，那么接下来应该说鸟儿对这些食物和提供的栖息处的反应。C选项“They will appreciate the food and
shelter.( 它们会感激这些食物和栖息处。)”符合语境，这里的“它们”指的是鸟儿。故选C项。
2．根据前文“Whether you’re planting flowers, vegetables, or something else, it’s a reminder of the way that the
seeds we plant now will come to fruition in the future.( 无论你种的是花、蔬菜还是其他东西，这都提醒着我
们现在种下的种子将来会开花结果。)”说明种花种菜等活动能给人带来一种对未来的期待。E选项“This
can give you a sense of purpose and hope.( 这能给你一种目标感和希望。)”与前文内容相符，为对上文内容
的语意递进。故选E项。
3．根据前文“Pruning and deadheading may seem like a chore, but they can actually be beneficial.( 修剪和摘除
残花可能看起来是件琐事，但实际上是有益的。)”后文又说 “When you’re going through this job, take some
time to consider areas in your life that you could cut back on in order to thrive in the future.( 当你做这项工作
时，花些时间想想你生活中可以削减的方面，以便在未来蓬勃发展。)”说明修剪和摘除残花就像去除生活
中不必要的东西。F 选项“It’s like removing the unnecessary of your life.( 这就像去除你生活中不必要的东
西。)”起到上下文的承上启下作用，符合语境。故选F项。
4．根据下文“It might be tempting to keep your garden perfectly organized, but that’s not always the best idea.
Gardens need a bit of mess to be healthy and diverse. Pollinators and insects benefit hugely from dead plants left in
the garden, so does the soil. So stick to hard surfaces like pathways and let borders and grassy areas do their thing.(
让你的花园井井有条可能很诱人，但这并不总是最好的主意。花园需要一点杂乱来保持健康和多样化。授
粉者和昆虫从花园里的死植物中受益匪浅，土壤也是如此。所以要坚持在坚硬的表面上行走，比如小路，
让边界和草地发挥它们的作用。)”可知，本段讲述的是花园保持一点混乱是有益的。A选项“Embrace atouch of wildness(拥抱一点野性)”能概括这部分内容，为该段的小标题。故选A项。
5．根据后文提到“It can be as small as a bucket, or any other watertight container you have.( 它可以像一个水
桶那么小，或者是你有的任何其他水密容器)”说明创建迷你池塘不需要很大的空间。D 选项“You don’t
need a large space to create a pond.( 创建一个池塘不需要很大的空间。)”与后文内容相呼应，上下文紧密连
接。故选D项。
（十九）
（2025年山西省二模）
Ways to Avoid Overplanning and Enjoy Stress-free Holidays
Finding the best gifts for friends and family members, decorating the house, planning a party and hosting
get-togethers: 1 . But if you overplan the holidays, it can cause stress rather than happiness they’re meant
to create. So if you find yourself in a never-ending loop of struggling for the perfect idea of what the holidays
should look like, it’s time to consider the following ways.
·Replace criticism with gratitude. During the holidays, if you are stuck in a cycle of self-critical thoughts —
such as worrying that your gifts aren’t good enough or feeling guilty for not decorating as nicely as others, start
practicing gratitude. You can make a list of things you’re thankful for or simply think about the good around you.
2 .
·Choose important traditions. Holidays are full of traditions, like annual handmade gifts of grandma-style
holiday meals, which foster family connection. But following traditions can be stressful, as people feel pressured to
do them in a certain way. 3 . Given limited time, energy and money, sometimes you have to make these
tough choices.
·Drop the need for perfection. High expectations often lead to disappointment. Take time to figure out what
truly matters — whether it’s spending quality time with loved ones, taking a break to relax, or creating meaningful
memories. Just focus on what brings genuine joy. 4 . Embrace simplicity and authenticity to find deeper
fulfillment and happiness.
· 5 . People put a lot of pressure on themselves and feel like they’ve got to do everything. But the
reality is you don’t have to do all the work alone. When buried under pressure, ask others to lend a hand. People
feel more involved when they contribute. This not only reduces stress but also boosts the holiday spirit.
A．Ask others to participate
B．Reduce the stress on others
C．These events can bring much joyD．Do not chase an unattainable ideal
E．So, think about which ones to keep and which to drop
F．All those tasks can make the holiday season stressful
G．A positive mindset helps better tackle holiday challenges
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．E 4．D 5．A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了避免过度规划假期，享受无压力假期的几种方法。
1．上文“Finding the best gifts for friends and family members, decorating the house, planning a party and
hosting get togethers(为朋友和家人找到最好的礼物，装饰房子，计划派对和举办聚会)”列举了一系列假期
要做的任务，C选项“These events can bring much joy(这些活动可以带来很多欢乐)”承接上文，说明这些活
动可以带来很多欢乐，同时与下文“But if you overplan the holidays, it can cause stress rather than happiness
they’re meant to create.(但如果你对假期计划过多，它可能会给你带来压力，而不是你想要创造的快乐)”构
成转折关系，引出避免过度规划假期这一话题，上下文语意衔接自然。故选C项。
2．上文“During the holidays, if you are stuck in a cycle of self critical thoughts — such as worrying that your
gifts aren’t good enough or feeling guilty for not decorating as nicely as others, start practicing gratitude. You can
make a list of things you’re thankful for or simply think about the good around you.(在假期里，如果你陷入自我
批评的循环——比如担心你的礼物不够好，或者因为没有像别人那样装饰得漂亮而感到内疚，那就开始练
习感恩。你可以列一个你感恩的事情的清单，或者简单地想想你周围的美好事物)”建议用感恩来代替自我
批评。G选项“A positive mindset helps better tackle holiday challenges(积极的心态有助于更好地应对假期挑
战)”说明感恩带来的积极心态的作用，与上文逻辑紧密。故选G项。
3．上文“Holidays are full of traditions, like annual handmade gifts of grandma style holiday meals, which foster
family connection. But following traditions can be stressful, as people feel pressured to do them in a certain way.
(假期充满了传统，比如每年的手工礼物、祖母风格的节日大餐，这些都能促进家庭联系。但遵循传统可能
会有压力，因为人们觉得必须以某种方式去做)”提到传统既有益又有压力。E选项“So, think about which
ones to keep and which to drop(所以，想想哪些传统要保留，哪些要舍弃)”针对上文情况提出解决办法，上
下文逻辑连贯。故选E项。
4．上文“High expectations often lead to disappointment. Take time to figure out what truly matters — whether
it’s spending quality time with loved ones, taking a break to relax, or creating meaningful memories. Just focus on
what brings genuine joy.(过高的期望往往会导致失望。花时间弄清楚真正重要的是什么——是和所爱的人共度美好时光，休息放松，还是创造有意义的回忆。只关注能带来真正快乐的事情)”强调不要有过高期望，
要关注真正重要的事。D选项“Do not chase an unattainable ideal(不要追求无法实现的理想)”与上文观点一
致，承接自然。故选D项。
5．下文“People put a lot of pressure on themselves and feel like they’ve got to do everything. But the reality is
you don’t have to do all the work alone. When buried under pressure, ask others to lend a hand. People feel more
involved when they contribute. This not only reduces stress but also boosts the holiday spirit.(人们给自己施加了
很大压力，觉得自己必须做所有的事情。但现实是你不必独自完成所有工作。当压力过大时，让别人帮
忙。当人们做出贡献时，他们会觉得更有参与感。这不仅能减轻压力，还能提升节日氛围)”建议要让别人
帮忙，让别人参与进来。A选项“Ask others to participate(让别人参与)”能概括下文内容，适合作段首小标
题。故选A项。
（二十）
（2025年山西省吕梁市二模）
New years are often seen as new beginnings. 1 They were afraid that the start of the new
millennium (千年) would bring disaster. Before January 1, 2000, newspapers and TV shows often talked about
something that became known as the “Y2K bug” or the “millennium bug”.
People worried there would be big problems when clocks on computers went from December 31, 1999 to the
year 2000. This was because many computers used just two digits to record the year. 97
But how would computers cope with “00” — would they think it was 2000 or would they take it as 1900 and
stop working?
Some people thought this could mean that lights would go out across the world as computers failed. 98
Governments spent hundreds of billions of dollars planning for possible problems and replacing old systems
with new ones that used four-digit dates. The US alone spent $100 billion. But some countries did almost nothing.
And when midnight came on December 31, planes didn't fall out of the sky and the lights didn't go out. Most
of the problems were quite small. 2 In Ishikawa, Japan, some equipment failed at a nuclear facility —
although backup systems made sure there was no danger. And a group of over 150 pregnant women in the UK were
given wrong information about their babies' health because their hospitals' computer systems got their birth dates
wrong. But some people said the worries — and all that money — had been for nothing.
3 They said those months of planning helped avoid big problems. And they expressed concern that
our reliance on technology would make us vulnerable (易受伤害的) to similar problems in the future.
A．But some were bigger.B．Many experts didn’t agree.
C．So, 1988 was just “88” and 1999 was “99”.
D．But 25 years ago, many people became worried.
E．And they didn't cause much loss to important facilities.
F．Insiders suggested people stay calm and unload unnecessary programs.
G．Perhaps software at banks, airports and hospitals would stop working too.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在2000年新千年到来之际，人们对“Y2K 漏洞”或“千年虫”
的担忧以及相关应对措施和最终结果。
1．根据上文“New years are often seen as new beginnings. (新年常常被视为新的开始。)”以及下文“They
were afraid that the start of the new millennium (千年) would bring disaster. Before January 1, 2000, newspapers
and TV shows often talked about something that became known as the “Y2K bug” or the “millennium bug”.(他们
担心新千年的开始会带来灾难。在2000年1月1日之前，报纸和电视节目经常谈论一种被称为“Y2K 漏
洞”或“千年虫”的东西。)”可知，此处需要一个句子来引出人们对2000年新千年到来的担忧，与上文的
普遍认知形成对比。D 项“But 25 years ago, many people became worried. (但 25 年前，许多人开始担
心。)”，25年前即指2000年之前，引出了下文人们的担忧，符合语境。故选D项。
2．根据上文“This was because many computers used just two digits to record the year. (这是因为许多计算机
只用两位数字来记录年份。)”可知，此处应进一步说明这种记录年份方式的具体情况。C项“So, 1988 was
just “88” and 1999 was “99”.(所以，1988年就记为“88”，1999年就记为“99”。)”，具体举例说明了用两位
数字记录年份的方式，符合语境。故选C项。
3．根据上文“Some people thought this could mean that lights would go out across the world as computers
failed. (一些人认为这可能意味着随着计算机故障，全世界的灯光都会熄灭。)”可知，此处应继续列举人们
认为可能因计算机故障而出现的问题。G项“Perhaps software at banks, airports and hospitals would stop
working too. (也许银行、机场和医院的软件也会停止工作。)”与上文一样，都是人们对计算机故障可能导
致的严重后果的猜测。故选G项。
4．根据上文“Most of the problems were quite small. (大多数问题都相当小。)”以及下文“In Ishikawa, Japan,
some equipment failed at a nuclear facility — although backup systems made sure there was no danger. And a
group of over 150 pregnant women in the UK were given wrong information about their babies' health becausetheir hospitals' computer systems got their birth dates wrong. (在日本石川，一个核设施的一些设备出现了故障
—— 尽管备用系统确保没有危险。英国一群150多名孕妇因为医院的计算机系统弄错了她们的出生日期，
而得到了关于她们婴儿健康的错误信息。)”可知，此处需要一个句子来引出下文一些较为严重的问题，与
上文的“小问题”形成对比。A项“But some were bigger. (但有些问题更严重。)”，起到了承上启下的作
用，符合逻辑。故选A项。
5．根据上文“But some people said the worries — and all that money — had been for nothing. (但有些人说，这
些担忧 —— 以及所有那些钱 —— 都白费了。)”以及下文“They said those months of planning helped
avoid big problems. And they expressed concern that our reliance on technology would make us vulnerable (易受
伤害的) to similar problems in the future. (他们说，那几个月的规划帮助避免了大问题。他们还表示担心，我
们对技术的依赖会使我们在未来容易受到类似问题的影响。)”可知，此处需要一个句子来引出与上文不同
的观点。B项“Many experts didn't agree. (许多专家不同意。)”，引出了下文专家们认为规划起到了作用的
观点，与上文一些人的看法形成对比。故选B项。
（二十一）
（2025年宁夏回族自治区银川市兴庆区银川一中二模）
The teenage years are marked by intense changes — physical, social, emotional, and developmental — that
can be difficult to deal with at times. 1 As you grow older, conflicts with family often increase, mainly due
to the desire for more independence. Peer (同龄人) pressure also plays a major role, as teenagers are more likely to
be influenced by friends while testing boundaries and seeking autonomy.
Conflicts during this time can also arise from the intensity of your emotions and your evolving ability to
think abstractly. As you work on forming your individual identity, you may become more focused on the world
around you, trying to make sense of your own feelings and form opinions on various issues. 2 As your
outlook changes, these struggles may make it more difficult to navigate relationships with family and cope with
peer pressure.
While conflicts are a natural part of this stage of life, there are ways to manage and resolve them
productively. 3 By expressing your thoughts and feelings clearly, you can prevent misunderstandings and
build mutual respect. Equally important is active listening — understanding others’ outlook can help you find
common ground and reach a resolution.
4 Staying calm allows you to think more clearly and avoid worsening emotions. Techniques such as
deep breathing or temporarily stepping away from the situation can help manage intense feelings. Additionally,
turning to trusted adults or peers who have faced similar challenges can help you gain practical strategies formanaging emotions.
While conflicts are a normal part of growing up, they can also be opportunities for personal development and
self-discovery. 105
A．Emotional regulation is also essential.
B．The most effective strategy is communication.
C．These conflicts are caused by misunderstandings.
D．With so much going on, it’s no surprise conflicts often arise.
E．This process can lead to internal and external struggles as you grow.
F．Take it positively, and you can resolve conflicts and boost your growth.
G．Recognizing the signs helps you become more aware next time a conflict emerges.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．B 4．A 5．F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了青少年时期会经历与他人的冲突以及如何有效管理和解决这些冲
突。
1．上文“The teenage years are marked by intense changes — physical, social, emotional, and developmental —
that can be difficult to deal with at times.(青少年时期的特点是剧烈的变化——身体上的、社会上的、情感上
的和发展上的——这些变化有时很难处理)”提到青少年经历的剧烈变化有时很难处理，下文“As you grow
older, conflicts with family often increase, mainly due to the desire for more independence.(随着年龄的增长，与
家人的冲突往往会增加，主要是由于想要更多的独立)”提到与家人的冲突，故空处应是将变化和冲突联系
起来，D项“有这么多事情要做，冲突经常出现也就不足为奇了”符合语境，故选D。
2．根据下文中“As your outlook changes, these struggles may make it more difficult to navigate relationships
with family and cope with peer pressure.(随着你的观点改变，这些挣扎可能会使你更难处理与家人的关系和
应对同伴的压力)”的“these struggles”可知，空处应是提及“struggles”，E项“随着你的成长，这个过程可
能会导致你内心和外在的挣扎”符合语境，故选E。
3．上文“While conflicts are a natural part of this stage of life, there are ways to manage and resolve them
productively.(虽然冲突是人生这个阶段很自然的一部分，但有一些方法可以有效地管理和解决它们)”提到有
一些解决冲突的方法，空处应是介绍具体的方法，结合下文“By expressing your thoughts and feelings
clearly, you can prevent misunderstandings and build mutual respect.(通过清楚地表达你的想法和感受，你可以
防止误解，建立相互尊重)”可知，空处介绍的方法是关于沟通交流，B项“最有效的策略是沟通”符合语境，故选B。
4．根据本段中“Staying calm allows you to think more clearly and avoid worsening emotions. Techniques such
as deep breathing or temporarily stepping away from the situation can help manage intense feelings.(保持冷静可以
让你更清晰地思考，避免情绪恶化。深呼吸或暂时离开这种情况等技巧可以帮助控制紧张的情绪)”可知，
本段和情绪有关，A项“情绪调节也很重要”符合语境，故选A。
5．空处位于结尾，应是总结上文，结合上文“While conflicts are a normal part of growing up, they can also
be opportunities for personal development and self-discovery.(虽然冲突是成长过程中很正常的一部分，但它们
也可以是个人发展和自我发现的机会)”可知，冲突也可以是个人发展和自我发现的机会，因此积极利用这
个机会可以促进个人发展和自我发现，F项“积极地看待它，你就能解决冲突，促进你的成长”符合语
境，F项中“boost your growth”呼应上文“personal development”，故选F。
（二十二）
（2025年陕西省汉中市二模）
As the nights draw in, our energy levels will dip, but the demands placed upon us probably won’t. Here’s how to
avoid burnout.
Tick off (给……画上钩) the basics
1 Other activities, such as journaling, reading and yoga have been shown to lower cortisol (皮质醇)
levels. Even a walk in the woods can help. Studies show that people who regularly go for walks in a forest or in
green spaces have lower levels of cortisol. 107
The tiger is not outside the cave any more, but we think it is. Modern stresses such as deadlines lead to the same
“fight or flight” response as the tiger. Learning to introduce small stresses and practise such as exposure to cold
water helps us contextualise the threat and build tolerance. Mindful breathing also helps. It regulates the nervous
system.
Set boundaries and stick to them
Good fences make good neighbors. 2 When we define what we need to feel secure and healthy and protect
those parts of ourselves, we can do wonders for our well-being. Boundaries may include the hours you work, how
much screen time you have, or when you go to bed.
Avoid workplaces where burnout is normalised
The latest State of the Global Workforce report suggests that 40% of the UK employees are stressed. 3
Watch out for red flags in the recruitment process. Poor communication, ghosting, endless rounds of interviews,
repetitive questions and untrained interviewers are bad signs.Shape your definition of success
Success is a slippery concept. For some, it’s about having meaningful relationships and fulfilling
experiences; for others, it’s tied to career wins and financial gains. Defining what success means to you is a first
step towards establishing priorities in life, enabling a focus of energy on the things that matter to you. 110
A．Challenge your definition, too.
B．Introduce healthy stress to your life.
C．Try to avoid any stress that harms you.
D．It’s also important to set boundaries with yourself.
E．But how do we avoid going from one tiring job to another?
F．So what can we do to leave a workplace that makes us tired?
G．Getting enough sleep, eating well and exercising properly are the foundations of good health.
【答案】1．G 2．B 3．D 4．E 5．A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何避免倦怠的几种方法。
1．根据该段小标题 “Tick off (给…… 画上钩) the basics”（勾出基本事项）以及后文 “Other activities,
such as journaling, reading and yoga have been shown to lower cortisol (皮质醇) levels.”（其他活动，如写日
记、阅读和瑜伽已被证明可以降低皮质醇水平。）可知，此处应是先讲一些基本的健康生活方式。G选项
“充足的睡眠、良好的饮食和适当的锻炼是健康的基础。” 符合语境，是基础的健康生活方式。故选
G。
2．根据该段中 “Learning to introduce small stresses and practise such as exposure to cold water helps us
contextualise the threat and build tolerance. (学会引入小的压力并进行实践，比如接触冷水，有助于我们理解
威胁并建立耐受性。）可知，该段主要讲的是在生活中引入一些小压力。故 B选项“给你的生活引入健康
的压力。” 切题，为本段的小标题。故选 B。
3．根据该段小标题 “Set boundaries and stick to them (设定界限并坚持下去)以及后文 “When we define
what we need to feel secure and healthy and protect those parts of ourselves, we can do wonders for our well-being.
(当我们确定了让自己感到安全和健康所需要的东西，并保护好自己的这些方面时，我们就能为自己的幸福
创造奇迹。)”可知，这里强调设定界限的重要性。故D选项“给自己设定界限也很重要。” 切题，且与小
标题呼应。故选 D。
4．根据该段小标题 “Avoid workplaces where burnout is normalised (避免在倦怠常态化的工作场所工作)”以及后文 “Watch out for red flags in the recruitment process. (在招聘过程中要留意危险信号。)”可知，选项应
提到与工作相关的问题。E选项“但是我们如何避免从一份累人的工作跳到另一份累人的工作呢？”切
题，引出下文在招聘过程中留意危险信号的内容。故选 E。
5．根据该段小标题 “Shape your definition of success (塑造你对成功的定义)”以及前文 “Defining what
success means to you is a first step towards establishing priorities in life, enabling a focus of energy on the things
that matter to you. (定义成功对你来说意味着什么是在生活中确定优先事项的第一步，能让你把精力集中在
对你重要的事情上。)”可知，该段围绕对成功的定义展开。A选项“也要挑战你的定义。” 与前文衔接，
且符合该段主旨，进一步说明对成功定义的思考。故选 A。
（二十三）
（2025年山西省晋城市二模）
From quick fixes to new ways of designing our homes, we’re examining methods to keep comfortable on a
warming planet.
Prevent heat from gathering inside. Instead of cooling the hot air in our house, try to prevent heat from
gathering in the first place, 1 . Open them back up at night to allow warm inside air to escape and cooler
nighttime air to enter.
Something else we can do to cool the house? Cook outside in the summer. 2 . So, if we’re cooking
something that produces a lot of heat, get a little barbecue and do it outside.
3 . Dark rooftops are responsible for absorbing large amounts of solar energy and warming the
house. So replace them with the so-called green roofs. But the downside of green roofs is their weight and they
often need maintenance and upkeep. 4 . The simplest way to a cool roof is to paint it white. White color
reflects sunlight off our house.
Rethink how we build. It may be helpful if we can have a look at the ways some cultures in traditionally hot
environments have adapted to cool their buildings. For example, wind towers are often used in the Middle East to
get cool air into a building while pushing out warm air. In Africa, buildings are usually constructed with rooms
looking into a central courtyard. 5 .
A．Design better roofs
B．Cooking is a huge source of heat
C．Or cook as few dishes as possible
D．A better alternative to a green roof is a cool roof
E．Close the windows and lower the blinds in the daytimeF．So they can protect the interior of the house from the heat outside
G．The design of many of our buildings cannot cool themselves efficiently
【答案】1．E 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在全球变暖的情况下，我们可以通过一些方法来让我们的家保持
舒适，如阻止热量聚集、在户外做饭、设计更好的屋顶以及重新思考房屋建造方式等。
1．根据下文“Open them back up at night to allow warm inside air to escape and cooler nighttime air to enter(晚
上再打开它们，让屋内温暖的空气逸出，让凉爽的夜间空气进入)” 可知，这里是在说窗户的开关时间。选
项E“白天关闭窗户并拉下百叶窗” 与后文形成对比，白天关窗，晚上开窗，符合语境。故选E。
2．根据上文“Cook outside in the summer (夏天在室外做饭)” 以及空后的 “So, if we’re cooking something
that produces a lot of heat, get a little barbecue and do it outside(所以，如果我们正在做会产生大量热量的食
物，那就弄个小烧烤架在室外做)” 可知，此处是在解释为什么要在室外做饭。选项 B“烹饪是热量的巨大
来源” 符合语境。故选B。
3．根据下文“Dark rooftops are responsible for absorbing large amounts of solar energy and warming the house.
So replace them with the so-called green roofs(深色的屋顶会吸收大量的太阳能并使房子变暖。所以用所谓的
绿色屋顶来取代它们)” 可知，这一段主要在讲屋顶的设计。选项 A“设计更好的屋顶” 能够概括这一段
的主旨。故选A。
4．根据下文“The simplest way to a cool roof is to paint it white. White color reflects sunlight off our house(打
造凉爽屋顶的最简单方法是把它涂成白色。白色可以将阳光从我们的房子上反射出去)” 可知，这里在说凉
爽屋顶的做法。选项D“绿色屋顶的一个更好的替代方案是凉爽的屋顶” 引出了关于凉爽屋顶的内容，符
合语境。故选D。
5．根据空前的 “In Africa, buildings are usually constructed with rooms looking into a central courtyard(在非
洲，建筑物通常建造得房间朝向中央庭院)” 可知，这里在说非洲建筑的设计特点。由此推知，空处可能陈
述这种设计的好处。选项F“这样它们就可以保护房子内部免受外面的热量侵袭” 解释了这种设计的作
用，符合语境。故选F。
（二十四）
（2025年山西省部分学校二模）
Good Sleep for Good Health
Sometimes, the pace of modern life barely gives you time to stop and rest. It can make getting a good night’ssleep seem like a dream. Yet, sleep is as vital for health as diet and exercise, enhancing brain performance, mood,
and overall well-being. 1 . However, various strategies can help improve sleep.
2 .
Sleep is essential for more than just resting. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard from the University of Rochester
discovered that while we sleep, the brain works to prepare for learning, memory, and creativity. It also removes
waste, including harmful proteins linked to diseases like Alzheimer’s, more efficiently during sleep. Dr. Kenneth
Wright Jr. adds that sleep helps the body repair itself, including the body’s defense system and blood flow system.
Sleep Myths and Truths
3 . Children need at least nine hours, teens eight to ten, and adults need at least seven hours each
night. A common myth is that older adults need less sleep, but they still need the same amount, though sleep quality
may decline. Another myth is that you can “catch up” on sleep over the weekend, but research shows this doesn’t
work for those who regularly get too little sleep. Too much sleep can also be harmful, as it may indicate an
underlying health issue.
Sleep Disorders
Sleep disorders prevent people from getting quality rest. The most common is insomnia, where individuals
struggle to fall asleep or stay asleep despite having time and a suitable environment. 4 . Sleep apnea,
another common disorder, occurs when the airway is blocked during sleep, causing breathing interruptions.
Getting Better Sleep
Treatments are available for many common sleep disorders. Seeing a doctor and taking medicine can help
with insomnia. For sleep apnea, devices like CPAP machines, special mouthguards, and lifestyle changes are
beneficial. Prioritizing sleep is crucial for health, as emphasized by Brown: “ 5 ”.
A．Sleep for repair
B．Sleep for relaxation
C．Sleep needs change with age
D．Getting more sleep on weekends can fully recover lost sleep
E．Sleep is not a throwaway thing—it’s a biological necessity
F．It can sometimes be caused by stress, anxiety, or poor sleep habits
G．Insufficient quality sleep regularly raises the risk of many diseases
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．C 4．F 5．E【解析】
【导语】本文主要强调睡眠的重要性，睡眠不足或睡眠质量不高会增加许多患病风险，并提出了几种策略
来帮助改善睡眠。
1．根据上文“Yet, sleep is as vital for health as diet and exercise, enhancing brain performance, mood, and
overall well-being.(然而，睡眠对于健康就如同饮食和锻炼一样至关重要，能提升大脑表现、情绪和整体幸
福感)”以及下文“However, various strategies can help improve sleep.(不过，有各种策略可以帮助改善睡眠)”
可知，空处应说明睡眠不好的情况，与前文睡眠的重要性形成对比，从而引出后文改善睡眠的策略。G选
项 “经常睡眠质量不足会增加许多疾病的风险”符合语境，说明了睡眠质量不足的危害。故选G。
2．根据下文“Sleep is essential for more than just resting. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard from the University of
Rochester discovered that while we sleep, the brain works to prepare for learning, memory, and creativity. It also
removes waste, including harmful proteins linked to diseases like Alzheimer’s, more efficiently during sleep. Dr.
Kenneth Wright Jr. adds that sleep helps the body repair itself, including the body’s defense system and blood flow
system.(睡眠不仅仅对休息至关重要。罗切斯特大学的 Maiken Nedergaard 博士发现，当我们睡觉时，大脑
会为学习、记忆和创造力做准备。在睡眠过程中，它还能更有效地清除废物，包括与阿尔茨海默病等疾病
相关的有害蛋白质。Kenneth Wright 博士补充说，睡眠有助于身体自我修复，包括身体的防御系统和血液
循环系统)”可知，该段主要强调了睡眠对身体修复方面的作用。A选项“为了修复而睡眠”能准确概括该
段主旨。故选A。
3．根据下文“Children need at least nine hours, teens eight to ten, and adults need at least seven hours each night.
A common myth is that older adults need less sleep, but they still need the same amount, though sleep quality may
decline.(儿童每晚至少需要九个小时的睡眠，青少年需要八到十个小时，成年人每晚至少需要七个小时的
睡眠。一个常见的误区是认为老年人需要的睡眠较少，但实际上他们仍然需要相同的睡眠时间，尽管睡眠
质量可能会下降)”可知，该段主要在阐述睡眠需求会随着年龄的不同而发生变化。C选项 “睡眠需求随年
龄而变化”符合语境。故选C。
4．根据第四段“The most common is insomnia, where individuals struggle to fall asleep or stay asleep despite
having time and a suitable environment. (最常见的是失眠，即尽管有时间和合适的环境，个体仍难以入睡或
保持睡眠状态)”可知，此处应接着说明失眠的原因。F选项 “它有时可能是由压力、焦虑或不良的睡眠习
惯引起的”符合语境。“it” 指代前文的 “insomnia”，解释了失眠的成因，符合语境。故选F。
5．根据上文“Prioritizing sleep is crucial for health, as emphasized by Brown: (正如 Brown 所强调的：“优
先保证睡眠对健康至关重要”)”可知，此处应是进一步强调睡眠的重要性和必要性。E选项“睡眠不是一
件可以随意丢弃的事情 —— 它是一种生理上的必要需求”强调了睡眠是生理必需的，符合上下文关于重视睡眠的语境。故选E。
（二十五）
（2025年山西省部分学校二模）
Throwing a dinner party is a great way to build social connections. If you’re just starting out, have no fear.
With some simple planning and a little effort, hosting your first gathering needn’t to be frightening.
1
Even without a proper dining table, you can host small groups around a counter, or even a large coffee table.
Don’t worry about matching glasses and plates. There are cool compostable plates and cups at grocery stores. 2
. Their favorite music is really all you need to create a perfect atmosphere.
Choose a menu theme, and go with the tried-and-true
Pick a favorite place for some sample dishes: Italian pasta or Japanese noodles. Just keep it simple. Pasta and
noodles are great because they can satisfy different tastes and never fail. Avoid experimenting with new dishes on
the day of the event. 3 .
Consider focusing your efforts on one or two dishes
Choose one or two recipes that create maximum impact at the table for everyone to enjoy. Then choose a few
easier recipes for the rest of the menu. 4 . It’s so easy to throw everything in and hit the button after your
friends come, so you can actually enjoy the party instead of cooking the whole time.
Plan your menu by thinking seasonally
See what’s fresh and in season for the best prices and quality. Strawberries in season? 5 . Do you
have a fish market in your neighborhood? Freshly baked fish takes only 20 minutes.
A．See the scene
B．Avoid upsetting your guests
C．Another great option is hotpot
D．Strawberry bowls with cream could be a nice starter
E．It could be a beautiful piece of beef or a chocolate cake
F．Ask your guests to send over their favorite music and create a playlist
G．If you want to try a new dish, practice it a few weeks in advance to perfect it
【答案】1．A 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了初次组织聚餐时应该注意的问题。1．后文“Even without a proper dining table, you can host small groups around a counter, or even a large coffee
table. Don’t worry about matching glasses and plates. There are cool compostable plates and cups at grocery stores.
(即使没有合适的餐桌，你也可以在吧台周围，甚至是一张大咖啡桌旁招待一小群客人。别担心杯子和盘子
是否搭配。杂货店有很棒的可降解餐盘和杯子)”主要给出聚会场景布置的各种建议，空处是段落标题，应
该与场景布置有关，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式，因此 A项“See the scene (布置场景)”符
合语境，契合段落内容。故选A。
2．后文“Their favorite music is really all you need to create a perfect atmosphere. (他们最喜欢的音乐实际上就
是你营造完美氛围所需的全部要素了)”解释客人喜欢的音乐对营造氛围的重要性，空处的建议应该与客人
喜欢的音乐有关，因此F项“Ask your guests to send over their favorite music and create a playlist (让你的客
人发送他们最喜欢的音乐并创建一个播放列表)”符合语境，建议用客人最喜欢的音乐创建播放列表，引出
后文，其中的favorite music在后文有同词复现。故选F。
3．前文“Avoid experimenting with new dishes on the day of the event. (避免在活动当天尝试新菜品)”表明不
建议在当天尝试菜品，空处作为段末句，应该会给出尝试新菜品的正确时间，因此G项“If you want to try
a new dish, practice it a few weeks in advance to perfect it (如果你想尝试一道新菜品，提前几周练习以完善
它)”符合语境，建议提前几周尝试新菜品，承接前文，其中的new dish在前文有同词复现。故选G。
4．前文“Then choose a few easier recipes for the rest of the menu. (然后为剩下的菜单选择一些简单的食谱)”
建议其余部分选择简单的食谱，后文“It’s so easy to throw everything in and hit the button after your friends
come, so you can actually enjoy the party instead of cooking the whole time. (朋友们来了之后，你就可以把所有
东西都放进去，然后按下按钮，这样你就可以真正享受聚会，而不是一直做饭)”描述一起吃火锅的方便，
空处应该是推荐选择火锅，因此C项“Another great option is hotpot (另一个不错的选择是火锅)”符合语
境，和前文是平行关系，引出后文，其中的option和前文的choose呼应。故选C。
5．前文“See what’s fresh and in season for the best prices and quality. Strawberries in season? (看看有哪些新鲜
的当季食材，这样既能保证品质又能拿到最实惠的价格。草莓是当季的吗?)”提到用当季的草莓作食材，空
处应该是围绕当季的草莓来推荐菜品，因此D项“Strawberry bowls with cream could be a nice starter (带奶
油的草莓碗可以是一道不错的开胃菜)”符合语境，推荐带奶油的草莓碗，承接前文，其中的 Strawberry
bowls和前文的Strawberries呼应。故选D。
