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2021-2025年语法填空高考真题综合练(教师版)_高考一二三轮复习_英语_2026年-英语高考专项复习_2026高考英语语法填空专项分类训练(高考真题+高考模拟)-G77_资料_2026版

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2021-2025 年高考真题综合练 
2025 年高考真题 
(2025·全国一卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in 
Chinese,     1     originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 
Go is one of     2     earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and 
white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the 
exhibition. 
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We 
hope     3     (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with 
minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and 
force them to follow your ‘    4     (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors 
to the exhibition. 
“The players’ personalities     5     (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the 
opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always     6     (try) to beat the opponent     7     no more than 
one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the     8     (strategy) 
placement of the pieces,     9     the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, 
sculptures,     10     (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
【答案】
1.which    2.the    3.to present    4.guidance    5.are revealed    6.tries    7.by    8.
strategic/strategical    9.and    10.digitally
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。
1.56.
考查定语从句。句意:上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览,展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋(中文
称为“围棋”),它起源4000 多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in 
Chinese,指物,且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which 引导。故填which。
2.考查冠词。句意:围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能,并与极简
主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope,此处为非谓语动词,hope to do sth.“希望做
某事”,所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式,作宾语。故填to present。
4.考查名词。句意:你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱,迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作
follow 的宾语,用名词guidance“引导”,不可数名词。故填guidance。
5.考查动词语态。句意:她补充说:“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来,一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”
本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语The players’ personalities 与动词reveal“揭示,显示”为被
动关系,所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态,主语为复数,be 动词用are。故填are revealed。
6.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手,以表示对对方
的尊重。根据always 可知,本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,主语a decent winner 为第三人称单
数,所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。
7.考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以(某一差值)”,此处指“以一到两分的优势”,
符合语境。故填by。
8.考查形容词。句意:屠宁宁说,黑白棋子之间的平衡,棋子在策略布局上的美感,以及每一步棋所蕴
含的能量流动,都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词
placement,需用形容词strategic 或者strategical“战略性的,策略的”,作定语。故填strategic/strategical。
9.64. 考查连词。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic 
placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move 三者为并列关系,作并列主语,所以空处需用
连词and。故填and。
10.考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated,需用副词digitally“数字地”,作状语。故填
digitally。
(2025·全国二卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of 
Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family,     1     bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild 
in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and     2     (center) heating doesn’t exist. 
Nothing in my life before prepared me     3     this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never 
imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt     4     learn in a 
new environment. Over time, I’ve found     5     (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve 
experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes     6  
(be) one of them.      Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying 
me the chance     7     (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after 
sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the     
8     (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky     9     (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt     10     (leave) to sun for a day, 
well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
【答案】
1.where    2.central    3.for    4.and    5.myself    6.is    7.to discover    8.absence  
9.afternoons    10.left
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。
1.考查定语从句。句意:然而现在,我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村,在那里山上野
生竹子和茶树丛生,鸡总是自由放养的,而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词
the countryside of Zhejiang,China,关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where 引导。
故填where。
2.考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词heating,应用形容词central“中央的,中心的”,作定语。故
填central。
3.考查介词。句意:我生命中没有任何事情能让我为这一切做好准备——可以肯定的是,我第一次来到
这里时,从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb. for...“使某人为……做好准备”,固定搭配。故
填for。
4.考查连词。句意:但令人惊讶的是,你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt 和learn 是并列关系,
应用连词and 连接。故填and。
5.考查反身代词。句意:随着时间的推移,我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I,
表示“我自己”,应用反身代词myself。故填myself。
6.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实,
时态用一般现在时,且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 为第三人称单数,be 动词
用is。故填is。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:在我的成长过程中,我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物,这让我没有
机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语
used,此处应用非谓语动词, chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover 的不定式,作定语。故填
to discover。
8.考查名词。句意:我住的地方,晒干的衣服闻起来特别香,这要归功于没有烟雾,而且下午的天很蓝
天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to 的宾语,应用名词absence“缺乏,没有”,不可数名词。故填absence。
9.考查名词的数。句意:我住的地方,晒干的衣服闻起来特别香,这要归功于没有烟雾,而且下午有很
多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词,此处指不止一个下午,应用复数形式afternoons。故填
afternoons。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味
道”,那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced,此处应用非谓语动词,a 
sheet or shirt 和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填left。
(2025·浙江1 月·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of     1     new way of 
dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer     2 
(time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. 
“I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look 
past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead     3     the fact that they have something unique 
to wear     4     are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.”
Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women     5     (rent) rather than purchase them outright, 
providing a less expensive     6     (solve) to one-time event dressing. The concept     7     (be) certainly 
not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This 
clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies.
Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing,     8     she plans to 
package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term 
rental period. “I really want to make this work for     9     (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t 
always mean     10     (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
【答案】
1.a    2.times    3.on    4.and    5.to rent    6.solution    7.is    8.which    9.
people’s    10.returning
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了服装租赁服务在澳大利亚兴起的现象。
1.考查冠词。句意:时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式,这种方式也开始在澳大利
亚流行起来。可数名词way 在句中表示“一种方式”,泛指,且new 发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠
词a 修饰。故填a。
2.考查名词。句意:由于人们现在选择少穿的衣服更多了,服装租赁服务越来越受欢迎。time 表示“次
数”时是可数名词,fewer 修饰可数名词复数形式。故填times。
3.考查介词。句意:如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实,而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿,并
且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当,也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。focus on 是固定短语,意为“关注,聚焦
于”。故填on。
4.考查连词。句意:如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实,而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿,并
且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当,也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。“have something unique to wear”和“are 
not overstuffing their own wardrobes...”是并列关系,have 和are 是谓语动词,应用连词and 连接。故填
and。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁,而不是让她们直接购买,为一次性活
动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。“for women   (rent)”作后置定语,修饰名词词组fashion clothes,
意为“女性租赁的衣服”,用不定式to rent 作后置定语,主动表被动。故填to rent。
6.考查名词。句意:坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁,而不是让她们直接购买,为一次性活动着装
提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。提示词作宾语,用名词solution,意为“解决方案”,有冠词a 修饰,用
单数形式。故填solution。
7.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这个概念当然并不新鲜——几十年来,男性一直在租赁优质西装——但
对于女性购物者来说,它才刚刚兴起。系动词be 作谓语,句子陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,主语
The concept 是单数名词,谓语动词用单数形式is。故填is。
8.考查定语从句。句意:坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装,而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服,她计划将这些服装
打包成胶囊衣橱,提供给旅行者,比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人,并提供更长期的租赁服务。“____ 
she plans to package as capsule wardrobes”是非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词less formal clothing,指物,关
系词将其代入从句中作宾语,应用关系代词which 引导从句。故填which。
9.考查名词所有格。句意:我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活,我知道这并不总是意
味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。提示词修饰名词lives,需用名词所有格people’s,作定语。故
填people’s。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活,我知道这并不总是意
味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。根据句意,表示“意味着……”,用固定搭配mean doing 
sth.,意为“意味着做某事”,用动名词作宾语。故填returning。
2024 年高考模拟真题 
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu,     1     is known as “the Shakespeare 
of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, 
there are common     2     (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare 
Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about     3     (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I 
happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways     4     Romeo 
and Juliet.”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. 
Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion,     5     (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion,     6     (build)at the 
Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international     7     (visible), said Edmondson, 
adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed     8     (find)the connection 
between the two great writers. 
    9     (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and 
meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, 
Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language     10     see how Tang’s play was being 
performed.”
【答案】
1.who    2.themes    3.were    4.to    5.inspired    6.was built    7.visibility    8.to 
find    9.Recalling    10.and
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系
和共同点,并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德,且说明了这种联系对
于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。
1.考查定语从句。句意:为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖,中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡
——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为“Tang Xianzu”,
在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,表示人,用关系代词who 引导。故填who。
2.考查名词的数。句意:莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson 说,尽管他们从未见过面,
但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型,为倒装句,根据谓语动词“are”可判断,本句
主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。
3.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的
戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词,根据句意以及定语从
句时态可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“some of the things”,复数。故填were。
4.考查固定短语。句意:“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧
《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语:be similar to,意为“和……相似”,
符合句意。故填to。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十
分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语,被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”
和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填inspired。
6.考查时态和语态。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十
分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语“Two years later”可知,本
句时态为一般过去时;主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”,单数,和动词“build”之间为被动关系,所以用
被动语态。故填was built。
7.考查名词。句意:Edmondson 说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,游客
们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international 后接名词形式,
visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意:Edmondson 说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,
游客们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的
原因状语,用动词不定式形式。故填to find。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来
斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson 说:“听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧
是如何被表演的,非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语,主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动
关系,用现在分词形式担当状语;出现在句首,首字母大写。故填Recalling。
10.考查连词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特
拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson 说:“听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如
何被表演的,非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being 
performed”为并列结构,用and 连接。故填and。
(2024·全国甲卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend     1 
 
(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are     2     (treasure) of American heritage 
(遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men 
relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in     3     is now northwestern Wyoming. They     4  
(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural 
beauties there. 
What should     5    (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with     6  
(it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved     7     all people of the nation to enjoy 
— as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the     8     (complete) of their 
journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone 
became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the     9     (large) United 
States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska,     10     became a 
national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】
1.to catch    2.treasures    3.what    4.were    5.be done    6.its    7.for    8.
completion    9.largest    10.which
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来,即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景区,
决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏,并为此做出了许多努力。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管各级都有各种规模和类型的公园,但国家公园尤其吸引我们的注意,因
为它们体积大,种类繁多。固定搭配:tend to do sth.,表示“倾向于做某事”,不定式作宾语,故填to 
catch。
2.考查名词。句意:它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure 表示“宝藏”,为可数名词,结合前文they are,
应用复数形式,故填treasures。
3.考查宾语从句。句意:1870 年9 月中旬,在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚,四个男人在火洞河边的营火
前放松,这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in 的宾语,is 前缺主语,指物,主语用what 引导宾
语从句,作介词in 的宾语,故填what。
4.考查时态。句意:他们是一个由15 人组成的探险队的一部分,他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那
里的自然美景。本空前They 指代上文提及的四个男人,时间为1870 年,同时联系后文had spent 的过去
完成时可知,本空时态为过去式且为复数形式,故填were。
5.考查被动语态。句意:对于这样一个美丽的地方,我们应该做些什么呢?主语what 指物,与谓语动词
do 是被动关系,情态动词should 后接be done 构成被动语态,故填be done。
6.考查代词。句意:这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景,必须作为国家公园保护好,为了所有
国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty 用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。
7.考查介词。句意同上。介词for 表目的,表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。 故填for。
8.考查名词。句意:他们都同意了,并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词,本空应填名
词作宾语,complete 名词形式为completion,不可数,故填completion。
9.考查形容词最高级。句意:黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园,占地220 万英亩,直到1978 年成为国家
纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980 年以1230 万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣
誉。本空前有the,为形容词最高级标志词,结合下文“1978 年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格
尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980 年以1230 万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知,用large 的最高级largest 作定
语,故填largest。
10.考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句,先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias,从句中作主语,
指物,引导非限制性定语从句用which,故填which。
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. 
This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road 
influences English gardens even in modern times. 
The latest     1     (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective     2     (function) 
structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). 
These sepals open on warm days     3     (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the 
structure stays     4     (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse     5     (walk) visitors through a journey 
influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for     6 
 
first time. These plants included modern Western     7     (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 
The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path 
offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands     8     a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the 
southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing ( 追溯) the steps along the Silk Route     9 
 
brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the     10     (rich) of gardening 
in England.
【答案】
1.engineering    2.functional    3.to give    4.closed    5.walks    6.the    7.favorites    
8.as    9.which/that    10.richness
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick 工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国
家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室,并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之
路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。
1.考查名词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知,空处考
查短语engineering techniques,意为“工程技术”,符合句意。故填engineering。
2.考查形容词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词
structure,应用形容词作定语functional,符合题意。故填functional。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:这些萼片在温暖日子里开放,为内部植物提供阳光和新鲜空气。此处作目的
状语,应用动词不定式。故填to give。
4.考查形容词。句意:然后在寒冷的天气里,这个结构保持关闭,以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays
之后作表语,应用形容词closed,表示“紧闭的”,符合题意。故填closed。
5.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:此外,围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的
旅程。walk sb. through,意为“带领某人穿过……”,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上文可知,本句时态为
一般现在时,主语the Silk Route Garden 为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
6.考查冠词。句意:亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配:
for the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意。故填the。
7.考查名词的数。句意:这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite 是可数名词,
意为“特别受喜爱的东西”,根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel 可知,空处应用名词的复数形
式。故填favorites。
8.考查介词。句意:这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作,位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头,将中国西南的植
物容纳其中,将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰,定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知,
空处指的是“作为”,应用介词as。故填as。
9.考查定语从句。句意:Glasshouse 是当代设计中的一项伟大成就,它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸
之路的尽头,丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到这里,定义了英国丰富的园艺。空处引导限制性
定语从句,修饰先行词the Silk Route,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which 或
that 引导从句。故填which/that。
10.考查名词。句意:这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作,位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头,将中国西南的
植物容纳其中,将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰,定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。冠词修饰名
词,应用名词形式richness,作介词of 的宾语。故填richness。
(2024·浙江·高考真题)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re 
shopping for one, buying extra     1     (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your 
shopping is then too heavy to carry home     2     you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. 
Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way     3     will make them the most 
money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s     4     they’ll promote. But that 
leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the     5 
 
(criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a 
few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes     6     (offer) in smaller 
packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, 
some supermarkets     7     (start) selling chicken or salad in packs     8     (design) with two halves 
containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section,     9     other stays fresh. 
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking     10     (one) may yet come out with a whole 
range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
【答案】
1.to benefit    2.or    3.that/which    4.what    5.criticism    6.be offered    7.have started 
8.designed    9.the    10.ones
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。
1.考查动词不定式。句意:然而,如果你是想买一件,那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据
“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知,此处是指多买一件来享受降价,所以应用to do 不定式作
目的状语。故填to benefit。
2.考查固定句式。句意:要么你买的东西太重,搬不回家,要么你买的东西还新鲜,就不能用了。
either...or...意为“要么……要么……”,为固定句式,所以此处应用连词or。故填or。
3.考查定语从句。句意:当然,商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中
缺少主语,且先行词为way,所以应用关系代词that 或which。故填that/which。
4.考查名词性从句。句意:如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买,那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺
少宾语,且是指事物,所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
5.考查名词。句意:许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动,因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。
根据“that they lead to waste”可知,此处应用名词criticism 表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。
6.考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意:然而,虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事,但如果有时能以
小包装出售,那就更好了。动词offer 意为“提供”,和主语构成被动关系,主语they 代指前文中的
sausages。在情态动词could 后动词应用原形。故填be offered。
7.考查现在完成时。句意:在过去的两年里,一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装,设计成两半,拆分成
两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词start 意为“开始”。故填have 
started。
8.考查过去分词。句意:在过去的两年里,一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装,设计成两半,拆分成两
份。动词design 意为“设计”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语packs 构成被动关系,且动作已完成,
所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。
9.考查冠词。句意:然后,当你使用其中一部分时,另一部分保持新鲜。the other 意为“另一个”,为
固定搭配,所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
10.考查代词。句意:谁知道呢,也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸,
并提供特别优惠。代词one 意为“一个人”,在some of 后应用复数形式。故填ones。
2023 年高考模拟真题 
(2023·全国甲卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言)     1     (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 
Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the     2 
(six) century, B.C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today,     3     Rachel Carson says in “A 
Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone ( 口吻) are seemingly 
directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America,     4     all life seemed to enjoy peaceful 
existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins,     5     (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old 
fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message     6     (intend) for everyone.
    7     (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 
She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility     8 
saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme 
is a more weighty     9     (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form 
that has been passed down through the ages can still     10     (employ) today to draw attention to important 
truths.
【答案】
1.to teach    2.sixth    3.as    4.where    5.borrowing    6.intended    7.Different    8.
for    9.warning    10.be employed
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:几千年来,人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知,此处表
达“来传授知识和智慧”,所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
2.考查数词。句意:寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分,而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6 世
纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
3.考查定语从句。句意:然而,正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说,寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价
值。引导非限定性定语从句,且有“正如”之意,用关系代词as 引导。故填as。
4.考查定语从句。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境
一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行
词为town,在非限定性定语从句作地点状语,所以用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环
境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已
有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable 与borrow 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作
状语。故填borrowing。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,在简洁的风格背后,是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for
打算为……所用,在句中作定语,所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
7.考查形容词。句意:与传统寓言不同,卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from
与……不同,所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
8.考查介词。句意:她警告社会面临的环境危险,并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take 
responsibility for 对……负责。故填for。
9.考查名词。句意:然而,卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty 后接名词形式。根
据句中不定冠词a 可知,用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。
10.考查语态。句意:卡森证明了一种简单的文字形式已经流传了几个世纪,今天仍然可以用来引起人
们对重要真理的注意。从句主语a simple literal form 与employ 之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。情态
动词can 后接动词原形。故填be employed。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 
1     (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive 
steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether     2     (bite) a small hole in it first, 
releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出),     3     to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the 
hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the     4     (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but 
food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. 
There you will find them prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed     5 
hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them     6     (lift) 
out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of     7     (they) contents. The meat should be fresh 
with     8     touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is     9     (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am 
always left     10     (want) more next time.
【答案】
1.tasty    2.to bite    3.or    4.recognized    5.by    6.to be lifted    7.their    8.a    
9.rarely    10.wanting
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包,讲述了小笼包美味,发源地以及制作方
法等等。
1.考查形容词。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉,是我
最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤),故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语,故填
tasty。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼
包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,用不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put
并列作宾语,故填to bite。
3.考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进
嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”,固定搭配,根据句意,故填or。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡,但美食历史学家会告诉你,邻近的运河小镇
南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home 前面作定语,recognize 与home 是逻辑上动宾关系,需填过
去分词recognized 作定语,recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语,故填recognized。
5.考查介词。句意:在那里,你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包,更少的汤,包子皮是用手压
的,而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配,根据句意,故填by。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而
不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知,空格需用动词不定式
作宾语补足语,补足语lift out 与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的
被动式to be lifted,故填to be lifted。
7.考查代词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不
会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their,故填their。
8.考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点甜味,汤应该是热的,清澈的,美味的。a touch of “一点
点;稍许”,常用搭配,touch“轻微;稍许”常用作单数,故填a。
9.考查副词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次再
买。修饰形容词用副词作状语,rarely“少有”,故填rarely。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是
想下次再买。分析句子可知,此处考查“leave sb.+宾语补足语”,本句是被动语态,want 是主语补足语,
根据句意,I 与want 之间是主动的逻辑关系,用现在分词wanting,故填wanting。
(2023·全国乙卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong  
1     royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city 
keeping its carefully     2     (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place     3     welcomes the fast-paced development 
of modern life, with 21st-century architectural     4     (wonder) standing side by side with historical 
buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,     5     somehow these two very different 
worlds make a good combination.     6     (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I     7     (amaze) 
by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly 
growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years     8      (record) everything I discovered.
The     9     (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while 
stepping into the modern world,     10     (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could 
be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【答案】
1.to    2.built    3.which/that    4.wonders    5.but    6.Having visited    7.was amazed  
8.recording    9.remarkable    10.means
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合,同时
探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师,记录了这座城市的变化,
并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。
1.考查介词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿,它拥有3000 多年的辉煌历史,
甚至从它的布局来看,这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist 
temples to museums”可知,空处和上文保持一致,表示“从……到……”,用介词to。故填to。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿,它是3000 多年辉煌历史的
家园,即使是在它的布局上,这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语,
表示“精心建造的……”,和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填built。
3.考查定语从句。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21 世纪的
建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词,先行词为“a place”,在定语从句中担当
主语,所以用关系代词which 或that 引导。故填which/that。
4.考查名词。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21 世纪的建筑
奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式;根据下文的“historical buildings of 
the past”可知,空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。
5.考查连词。句意:但不知何故,这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct 
visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good 
combination.”之间存在转折关系,用but。故填but。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:在过去的10 年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一
个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语,和主句主语“I”之
间为主动关系;根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知,用完成时态,由此推断,空处用现在分词的
完成时态。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Having visited。
7.考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的10 年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一
个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词,根据下文“how a city 
was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I 和动
词amaze 之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名摄影师,我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing 
sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语,用动名词形式。故填recording。
9.考查形容词。句意:这个城市的显著发展,是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界,这意味着这
里总是有新的东西可以发现,我可以在接下来的50 年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知,空处为形容
词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
10.考查时态。句意:这座城市的显著发展,在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界,意味着这里总
是有新的东西等待发现,我可以在接下来的50 年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词,根据上下文可
知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语为“development”,单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填
means。
(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. 
Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? 
Since June 2017, right before the     1     (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I 
have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and     2     (confidence) speaking 
English. And who do they speak English     3    ? 
Not the pandas, even though     4     language used for the medical training instructions is actually 
English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to     5     (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often 
come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give     6 
 
(interview) in English with international journalists. This is     7     they need an English trainer. 
So, what are they learning?     8     (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch 
the panda programme develop     9     to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I     10  
(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers 
do their job in English.
【答案】
1.arrival    2.confident    3.with    4.the    5.visiting    6.interviews    7.why    8.
Basically    9.and    10.wished
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语,大家都很疑惑,作者对此做出
了解答。
1.考查名词。句意:从2017 年6 月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮
助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空前是冠词,空后是介词,所以
空处应填名词作介词before 的宾语,arrive 的名词形式是arrival,不可数名词。故填arrival。
2.考查形容词。句意:从2017 年6 月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在
帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空处和前文的comfortable 并列,
作并列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence 的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
3.考查介词。句意:他们和谁说英语?分析句子结构可知,这道题的语序可以看成they speak English   
who,句子中有主语they,speak 后有宾语,而who 缺少一个介词,who 做介词的宾语,又根据句意可推
知,此处强调“与某人交流”,应用固定搭配:speak with sb.。故填with。
4.考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知,此处
特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
5.考查形容词。句意:他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈,这些管理员经常来
检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知,空后是名词,所以空处应填形容词作定语;visit 对应
的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
6.考查名词的数。句意:他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知,空前是动
词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,interview 意为“采访”为可数名词,不止一段采访,应用复数形式。故
填interviews。
7.考查表语从句。句意:这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,
从句中结构完整,应该用连接副词连接,前文提到需要培训师的原因,此处是表达“这就是他们需要英
语培训师的原因”之意,应用why 引导表语从句。故填why。
8.考查副词。句意:基本上,如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后整个句子,应该
用副词修饰,basic 的副词形式是basically 位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Basically。
9.考查连词。句意:我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展,看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知,
“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系,
应该用and 连接。故填and。
10.考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知,
本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish 作本句谓语,和主语I 之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew 可知用一般过去
时。故填wished。
(2023·浙江卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing     1     arranged the residential 
areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”,     2     (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, 
appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City,     3     (surround)in concentric( 同心
的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes     4     (permit)to live closer to 
the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often     5 
(feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined 
by     6     (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. 
Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and     7     (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were 
narrower. 
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 
8     capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic     9 
 
(event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, 
and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect     10     culture of grassroots Beijingers.
【答案】
1.and    2.originally    3.surrounded    4.were permitted    5.featured    6.spacious    7.
simpler    8.as    9.events    10.the
【原文】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。
1.考查连词。句意:在中国的朝代时期,皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可
知,planned 和arranged 是并列的谓语动词,表示并列关系应用连词and 连接。故填and。
1.考查副词。句意:胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思,首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词
meaning 需要填副词形式。故填originally。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:在明朝,紫禁城是中心,它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结
构,was 是谓语动词,空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语,主语the Forbidden City 和surround 之间是动
宾关系,需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
1.考查动词的被动语态。句意:高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知,
空格处在句中作谓语,和主语Citizens of higher social classes 构成被动关系,因为是对过去事实的陈述应
用一般过去时。故填were permitted。
1.考查动词时态。句意:这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院,通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横
梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知,空格处需要填谓语动词,再结合上下文时态可知,空格处应用一
般过去时。故填featured。
1.考查形容词。句意:他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形
容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
1.考查形容词比较级。句意:他们的四合院规模要小很多,并且在设计和装饰上更加简单,并且胡同也
更窄。根据句子结构和and 可知,空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller 构成并列结构作表语。故
填simpler。
1.考查介词。句意:感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至有一
些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知,空格处译为“作为”,as 是介词意为“作为”,符合句意。故填
as。
1.考查名词的数。句意:感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至
有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic 可知,空格处需要填名词,且event 为可数名词,
应用复数形式。故填events。
1.考查冠词。句意:与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比,胡同所反映出的是
草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture 后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers 可知,此处culture 表示特指
概念,应用定冠词the 修饰。故填the。
2022 年高考模拟真题 
(2022·浙江·高考真题)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 
To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 
1     (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not     2 
 
(do). John Olson, a former     3     (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. 
The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to     4     blind because we don’t see with 
just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that 
the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their     5     (exist) 
senses, in a way similar to that of     6     (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 
Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly     7     age seven. When he felt a 3D version 
of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he     8     (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see 
when you look at it,” he said. 
For Luc, this means     9     (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it     10     to form 
my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.”
【答案】
1.be appreciated    2.to do    3.photographer    4.the    5.existing    6.sighted    7.at    
8.noticed    9.independence    10.and
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。
1.考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意:但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢?主语a painting 与谓语
appreciate 为被动关系,且置于情态动词can 之后,所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。 故填be 
appreciated。
2.考查不定式。句意:通过触摸,这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不
要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。
3.考查名词。句意:约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师,他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D 模型。单数名
词做主语,根据句意表示“摄影师”,此处为单数概念,故填photographer。
4.考查冠词。句意:触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式,因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看;我们用大脑看。
the blind“盲人”,the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。
5.考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,盲人用他们现有的
感官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing 作定语,修饰sense。故填existing。
6.考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,盲人用他们现有的
感官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted 作定语修饰名词people,表示“能看见的、
不盲的”。故填sighted。
7.考查介词。句意:Luc Gandarias 今年13 岁,7 岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时,用介词at。故填
at。
8.考查时态。句意:当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D 版《蒙娜丽莎》时,他立刻注意到了她的微笑。
根据“he felt”可知,本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
9.考查名词。句意:对卢克来说,这意味着独立。不可数名词independence 作mean 的宾语。 故填
independence。
10.考查连词。句意:能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意可知,前
后为并列关系,所以用and 来连接。故填and。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。 
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-
floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his 
arms to catch the     1     (fall) child. 
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors 
say he'll be OK. 
    2     Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. 
Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell     3     (sleep) while watching TV. 
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and 
climbed up     4     (see) them. When he looked down, he     5     (accidental) slipped and fell over the 
edge. He hung on for a few minutes     6     screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. 
Henry     7     (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the 
balcony. He quickly     8     (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 
"He saved my     9     (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know     10     to thank him.”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 
【答案】
1.falling    2.The    3.asleep    4.to see    5.accidentally    6.and    7.was fixing    8.
threw    9.son's    10.how
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述的是正在修车的Henry 拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上,即将要掉下来的
小孩Eric 的故事。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100 米,跳过了1.2
米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out 为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。
根据句意,fall 为动词,意为“掉落”, child 和fall 之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应
该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
2.考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与
Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the 符合句意。同时该单词置于句
首,首字母应该大写。故填The。
3.考查形容词。句意:他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写形容词作表
语。sleep 为动词,意为“睡觉”,其形容词为asleep。fall asleep 为固定搭配,意为“熟睡的”,asleep
符合句意。故填asleep。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅
子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up 为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他
要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该使用to do 不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
5.考查副词。句意:当他往下看时,不小心滑了一跤,从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构,设空处应
该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental 为形容词,意为“意外的,失误的”,其副词为accidentally,意
为“意外地,失误地”,符合句意。故填accidentally。
6.考查连词。句意:他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构,设
空处应该填写连词,连接hung 和screamed 两个动作。根据句意,此处表示并列关系。故填and。
7.考查动词。句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空
后的when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故
使用过去进行时。fix 为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
8.考查过去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后的
and started 构成并列结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw 为动词,意为“扔”,过去时为threw。故填
threw。
9.考查名词所有格。句意:他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意,life 与提示词son 之间是所属关系,故应
该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。
10.考查特殊疑问词。句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构,设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do
不定式结构作宾语。根据句意,how 意为“如何”,符合句意。故填how。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。 
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP).     1 
 
(cover)an area about three times     2     size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first 
national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that     3 
 
(be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 
4     (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP     5 
 
(design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, 
preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones,     6     leaving behind precious natural 
assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate     7  
(population)and homes of giant pandas, and     8     (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the 
wild. 
Giant pandas also serve     9     an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and 
animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection 
for all the species     10     live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the 
ecosystem in the area.
【答案】
1.Covering    2.the    3.were    4.to increase    5.is designed    6.and    7.populations 
 
8.eventually    9.as    10.that
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。
分析句子可知,空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语,空处和逻辑主语the GPNP 为主动关系,应用现在分词
形式作状语,首字母大写。故填Covering。
2.考查冠词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句
子可知,此处考查倍数表达法,即为:倍数+ the size of +比较成份,因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。
3.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有
的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知,空处在that 引
导的定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据
“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语要用复
数形式。故填were。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫
保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知,空处应填动词非谓语
形式作目的状语,故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。
5.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物
多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知,空处在句中
作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP 之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般
现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。
6.考查连词。句意:GPNP 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生
态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知,空处前后为并列关系,应用
并列连词and。故填and。
7.考查名词。句意:GPNP 的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生
大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知,空处和and 后的复数名词homes 并列,且在句中作宾语,应用可数名词
population ,意为“种群”,且应用复数形式。故填populations。
8.考查副词。句意:GPNP 的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生
大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知,空处后为动词achieve,空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve,结合语
意可知,此处意为“最终”,应用副词eventually。故填eventually。
9.考查介词。句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。分
析句子可知,此处考查固定短语serve as,意为“充当”,故空处应填介词as。故填as。
10.考查定语从句。句意:该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range 的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显
著改善该地区的生态系统健康。分析句子可知,空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词,指代先行词
species,指物,在从句中作主语,且先行词前有all 修饰,故只能用关系代词that。故填that。
(2022·全国甲卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. 
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step     1 
 
(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 
On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang,     2     lost his eyesight at the age of eight in 
a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for 
International Cooperation     3     (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致
敬) to the ancient Silk Road.     4     friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental     5 
 
(protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more     6     (meaning). The two of them collected 
more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 
In the last five years. Cao     7     (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he 
reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s     8     (high) mountain. 
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 
kilometers     9     Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20,     10     (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【答案】
1.to journey    2.who    3.held    4.A    5.protection    6.meaningful    7.has walked    
8.highest    9.from    10.planning
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个有视力障碍的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40 天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅
行的第一步。step 前面有序数词first,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。
2.考查定语从句。句意:在1100 公里的旅程中,8 岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40
个城市和县。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词为the man,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who 引导。
故填who。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿越
这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。动词hold 意为“举行”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语“the 
Belt and Road Forum”之间构成被动关系,且动作已完成,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填held。
4.考查冠词。句意:他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。此处名词friend 第一次出现,所以
应用不定冠词表示泛指,且friend 是以辅音音素开头的词,应用不定冠词a。故填A。
5.考查名词。句意:曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾,以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental
可知,此处应用名词protection,作宾语,protection 表示“保护”时,是不可数名词。故填protection。
6.考查形容词。句意:曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make 复合结构,应用形容词
meaningful 表示“有意义的”,作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
7.考查动词时态。句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34 个国家,2016 年,他到达了乞力马扎
罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years 可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao
为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。
8.考查形容词最高级。句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34 个国家,2016 年,他到达了乞力
马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s 可知,此处是指三者或三者以上的比较,应用形容
词最高级。故填highest。
9.考查介词。句意:9 月20 日,他从4700 公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。
根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知,此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”,应用介词from,固定搭配from…to…
表示“从……到……”。故填from。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:9 月20 日,他从4700 公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到
西安。动词plan 意为“计划”,和谓语之间没有连词,和主语构成主动关系,应用现在分词,作状语。
故填planning。
(2022·全国乙卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially     1     the 
United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate     2     festival, a number of events took place at the 
Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society     3     (address) the opening ceremony. “As a 
main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the     4     (large) tea-producing 
country, China has a     5     (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of 
the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a     6     (share) future for mankind,” he said. 
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for 
people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation     7     cultural 
exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the 
initiative. 
     8     (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public 
promotional activities on social media,     9     (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world 
to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled ( 揭幕) at the ceremony, opening     10 
 
(it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
【答案】
1.by    2.the    3.addressed    4.largest    5.responsibility    6.shared    7.and    8.To 
strengthen    9.inviting    10.its
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日,中国商会博物馆所举办的一系
列活动。
1.考查介词。句意:2019 年11 月27 日,联合国正式将5 月21 日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知,
此处表达“被联合国在5 月21 日命名”。表示被动,使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
2.考查冠词。句意:为了庆祝这一节日,周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。分析句意可
知,特指International Tea Day 这一节日,所以用定冠词the 表特指。故填the。
3.考查动词的时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。分析句意可知,本句是陈述过去事情,
所以用一般过去时。故填addressed。
4.考查形容词最高级。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责
任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the 和常识可知,中国是最大产茶国,所以用形容
词的最高级形式。故填largest。
5.考查名词。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与其他
国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a 后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词
future。因为动词share 和名词future 之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
7.考查连词。句意:仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来,促进国
际合作和文化交流。分析句式结构可知,名词international cooperation 和cultural exchanges 为并列成分,作
动词promote 的宾语。故填and。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,
邀请了来自世界各地的29 名茶叶专业人士进行36 小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加
强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:同上。分析句式结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语the event 与
invite 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语,表主动关系。故填inviting。
10.考查代词。句意:在开幕式上,中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌,开启了它的第一个展览:大道遗真——
普洱茶专题展。分析句式结构可知,名词exhibition 前应该用形容词性物主代词来修饰。故填its。
(2022·浙江·高考真题)阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
 
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing 
minority of academics     1     are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to 
conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like — frequently by plane —     2     (view) as important for 
scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others     3     (be) now questioning that 
idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and     4    (change) their personal 
behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for 
example,     5    (rough) 200 academics — many of them climate scientists —    6     (promise) to fly as 
little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 
Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak     7     she could do 
so remotely; about three-quarters of     8     time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the   
9     (invite). That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans     10 
 
(continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding.", she says, "a really positive change."
【答案】
1.who/that    2.is viewed/has been viewed    3.are    4.changing    5.roughly    6.have 
promised    7.whether/if    8.the    9.invitation    10.to continue
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践,目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气
候变化危机。
1.考查定语从句。句意:亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb 是一个少数但是不断增加的少数
学者中的一员,因为气候变化,他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics 后为定语从句且在从句中
作主语,应使用关系代词替代,故填that/who。
2.考查被动语态。句意:对科学家而言,旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息
这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时,此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现
在的认知,动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系,故填is viewed 或has been viewed。
3.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:但是现在Cobb 和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参
加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知,
此处也应使用现在进行时,主语为复数,故填are。
4.考查时态。句意:但是现在Cobb 和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以
及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知,此处and
连接并列的动词questioning 和change,故填changing。
5.考查副词。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200 个
学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”,故填roughly。
6.考查时态。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200 个
学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,
故填have promised。
7.考查宾语从句。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb 开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask 后
面出现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合语境,故填whether 或if。
8.考查冠词。句意:大约有四分之三的时间,他们同意了。此处特指Cobb 询问的时间范围内,故填
the。
9.考查名词。句意:当答案是否定的时候,她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline 的宾语,
故填invitation。
10.考查动词不定式。句意:他打算继续这个实践。动词plan 后面跟动词不定式,plan to do sth“计划
做”,故填to continue。
2021 年高考模拟真题 
(2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。 
I've always loved the ocean. In the    1     (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay 
Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage,     2     (think)it is 
food.
I decided to do something     3     (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools 
to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company    4  
used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸
管).  I found the contact information of the company    5     emailed its president. I told him how     6  
(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so  
7     (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic 
straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies 
I wrote to     8     (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company     9     (represent) wrote back and told me the 
airline was switching over     10     plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
【答案】
1.seventh    2.thinking    3.to educate    4.which/that    5.and    6.harmful    7.excited  
8.was    9.representative    10.from
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋,减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。
1.考查序数词。句意:七年级的时候,我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用
序数词,所以填seventh。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾,以为那是食物时,我很难过。分析句子
结构,  
 
 2   
 
  (think)it is food.用作状语,think 与其逻辑主语many sea animals 之间是主动关系,用现
在分词,所以填thinking。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构,  
 
 3   
 
  
(educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语,用不定式,所以填to educate。
4.考查定语从句。句意:我决定,如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料,我就给它发邮件,敦促它减少
使用塑料。分析句子结构,   
 
 4   
 
  used a lot of plastic 是一个定语从句,修饰先行词a company,关
系词在从句中作主语,指物,用which 或that 引导该从句,所以填which 或that。
5.考查连词。句意:我找到了这家公司的联系方式,并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”
之间是并列关系,用and 连接两个并列的谓语动词,所以填and。
6.考查形容词。句意:我告诉他塑料对环境的危害,并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how 引导的
感叹句,how 之后接形容词,所以填harmful。
7.考查形容词。句意:当他给我回信时,我很兴奋。该空作was 之后的表语,用形容词,修饰人,用
v+ed 形式的形容词,所以填excited。
8.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句
的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名
词复数结构中,谓语动词用单数,所以填was。
9.考查名词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200 个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。
该空作句子主语,用名词,前面有不定冠词修饰,用名词单数,所以填representative。
10.考查介词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200 个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。 
from sth to sth 从...到..., 所以填from。
(2021·浙江卷·高考真题)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形
式。 
It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown 
Springfield, Illinois,     1     (prove)irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully 
restored(修复)to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years. In 1844 
they bought it     2     $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their     3     
(marry)ceremony in 1842. 
When the house was built, it was much     4     (small)than it is today. Mary’s niece wrote, “The 
little home     5     (paint)white.” It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her 
house was a reflection of     6     (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order. 
Although Mary loved flowers,     7     she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time 
neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, 
often came over     8     (plant)flowers in the front yard. 
    9     Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two-story in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing 
family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they 
rented the house and     10     (sell)most of their furniture.
【答案】
1.has proved/has proven    2.for    3.marriage    4.smaller    5.was painted    6.herself    
7.neither    8.to plant    9.The    10.sold
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁
史。
1.考查动词时态。句意:它不像乔治·华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象,但林肯在
伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家,自从向公众开放以来,就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。根据
时间状语“since it opened to the public”可知,此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,故设空处用现在
完成时;主语Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois 是第三人称单数,所以助动词用has,提示词
prove 的过去分词形式是proved 或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。
2.考查介词。句意:1844 年,他们以1200 美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,
查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842 年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知,此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格,意为
“以……价格买某物”。故填for。
3.考查名词。句意:1844 年,他们以1200 美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,
查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842 年举行了他们的婚礼。marriage ceremony 意为“婚礼”,此处用名词作定语,故填
marriage。
4.考查形容词比较级。句意:这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much 和设空后的than 可知,
此处用形容词比较级形式,故填smaller。
5.考查被动语态。句意:这个小房子被粉刷成了白色。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,The 
little home 作主语。结合句意及常识可知,房子是“被粉刷”的,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以
要用被动语态;根据上文的was built 可知,此处为一般过去时态;一般过去时的被动语态结构
是was/were+过去分词;主语The little home 是单数第三人称,所以要用was,提示词paint 的过去分词形
式是painted。故填was painted。
6.考查代词。句意:她非常漂亮,她的房子是她自己的写照,一切都很有品位,井井有条。根据句意可
知,此处意为“她自己”,可知此处考查反身代词,作宾语;提示词she 的反身代词是herself。故填
herself。
7.考查连词。句意:虽然玛丽喜欢花,但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知,此处考查连
词结构“neither…nor…”,意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
8.考查动词不定式。句意:玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知,设
空处作状语;根据句意可知,此处是目的状语;目的状语用动词不定式表示,故填to plant。
9.考查冠词。句意:林肯夫妇在1856 年把房子扩大到了整整两层,以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。
根据句意可知,此处意为“林肯一家”;根据设空后的Lincolns 可知,此处考查“the+姓氏复数”,表示
夫妇俩,或者一家人。设空处位于句首,所以首字母要大写。故填The。
10.考查动词时态。句意:1861 年林肯当选美国总统后,他们把房子租了出去,卖掉了大部分家具。分
析句子成分可知,设空处和前面的动词rented 一起做并列谓语;根据时间状语1861 可知,此处用一般过
去时态,提示词sell 的过去式是sold。故填sold。
(2021·全国甲卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It     1 
 
(build) originally to protect the city     2     the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 
It is possible      3     (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see 
streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. 
After     4     (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was 
time for some action and what     5     (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We     6     (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky     7 
did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all     8     way around the Xi’an City Wall. Supposedly you can do 
it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and     9     (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch 
the local people going about their     10     (day) routines.
【答案】
1.was built    2.in/during    3.to walk    4.spending    5.better    6.hired    7.but    8.
the    9.watchtowers    10.daily
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者游览西安长城的过程。
1.考查动词语态。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。build 和主语it
之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,根据时间状语the Tang dynasty 可知,应用一般过去时。故填was 
built。
2.考查介词。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。表示“在某个朝
代”,应用介词in 或during。故填in 或during。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:骑行或者走完全程的14 公里是可能的。固定句型It +be+adj+to do sth.,it 为
形式主语,不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取一
些行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。此处After 为介词,应用动名词,作介词宾语。故填
spending。
5.考查形容词比较级。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取
一些行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文than 可知,此处应用形容词good 的比较级
better。故填better。
6.考查动词时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。根据语境可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,
应用一般过去时。故填hired。
7.考查连词。句意:我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃,但还可以骑。后文did the job 和前文My bike was old 
and shaky 之间存在转折关系,应用转折连词but。故填but。
8.考查冠词。句意:我们绕着西安城墙一路走了大约3 个小时。固定短语all the way“一直,完全地”。
故填the。
9.考查名词复数。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照,或
者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。watchtower 是可数名词,由different 修饰,应用复数形式。故填
watchtowers。
10.考查形容词。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照,或
者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines,应用形容词daily,作定语。故填daily。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。 
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”.     1 
is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you 
are at the top will remind you how tiny we     2     (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will     3 
 
(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 
4     (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us     5     (astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it     6     (be) for 
the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the 
mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure     7    offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 
8     (ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s 
memory. It sure does in     9     (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is     10     must to visit!
【答案】
1.What    2.humans    3.undoubtedly    4.hotter    5.astonished    6.was    7.and    8.
aching    9.mine    10.a
【分析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海,温泉以及台阶。
1.考查主语从句。句意:这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句,从句缺乏主语,
应用what 引导,指代“经历的事情”。故填What。
2.考查名词复数。句意:当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海,你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。
human 是we 的同位语,we 为复数,应用human 的复数形式。故填humans。
3.考查副词。句意:它无疑会帮助你恢复精神!此处修饰动词help,应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问
地”。故填undoubtedly。
4.考查形容词比较级。句意:关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是,气温越低,温泉越暖和!此处是固定结构
“the +比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……,越……”。故填hotter。
5.考查形容词。句意:但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”,
补充说明宾语us 的感受,应用-ed 结尾形容词astonished,表示人的感受“感到震惊的”。故填
astonished。
6.考查动词时态。句意:你不禁会想,对当时的人们来说,把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知,
“how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder 的宾语,it 是从句的形式
主语,不定式为真正主语,谓语动词用单数形式,“安置台阶的石头”是过去的事情,应用一般过去时。
故填was。
7.考查连词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提供
了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知,“highlights the whole adventure”与
“offers a place”部分为并列关系,都是作it 的谓语,应用并列连词and。故填and。
8.考查形容词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提
供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知,此处应用形容词aching“疼痛
的”,修饰名词legs,意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。
9.考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在游客的记
忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知,本句的does 替代
前一句的stick,本句缺乏宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine,指代my memory。故填mine。
10.考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must 作名词时,意为“绝对
必要的事物”,为可数名词,此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”,应用不定冠词,must 是以辅音音素开头
的词,应用a。故填a。
(2021·全国·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from 
traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become     1     (educate) about the areas - both in terms 
of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits 
the     2    (develop) of the local areas. 
Ecotourism has     3    (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely 
accepted as a travel concept     4     the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness 
made it desirable. 
Due to     5     growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types     6 
trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of     7    (visit) the place. 
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. 
·Provide     8    (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. 
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique 
biodiversity.    9    (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking ( 远足) and accommodations aim 
10    (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】
1.educated    2.development    3.its    4.until    5.the    6.of    7.visiting    8.
financial    9.Activities    10.to have
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了生态旅游通常被认为是到未受干扰地区的低影响旅游。但是由于
与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上,生态旅游必须
满足一些规定。
1.考查形容词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是
文化特色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知,此处查固定搭配
become educated about 表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。
2.考查名词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文
化特色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the 可知,此处填入
名词development,表示“发展”,作动词benefits 的宾语。故填development。
3.考查代词。句意:生态旅游起源于20 世纪70 年代的环境运动。结合语意,此处表示生态旅游有它的
起源,空处应用形容词性物主代词its,表示“它的”,符合句意。故填its。
4.考查介词。句意:直到20 世纪80 年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知,此处表示
“直到20 世纪80 年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”,应用短语not…until…,表示“直到……
才……”,符合句意。故填until。
5.考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。
结合语意,此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,空处应用定冠词the 表示特指。故填the。
6.考查介词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。
various types of 为固定搭配,表示“各种各样的”,所以空处应填介词of。故填of。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:最大限度地减少参观这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of 可知,空格处应填
动名词形式作介词of 的宾语。故填visiting。
8.考查形容词。句意:为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。空格修饰名词aid,应用形容词形式作定
语,financial 是形容词,表示“财政的”,符合句意。故填financial。
9.考查名词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。分析句子
结构,空处应用名词作句子主语,应用名词的复数形式表示泛指,置于句首,首字母大写。故填
Activities。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。
aim to do 为固定短语,表示“旨在,目的是”,符合句意,所以空处应用不定式形式。故填to have。
(2021·浙江·高考真题)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
 
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found 
that people worldwide are getting heavier     1     that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. 
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool     2     gives an indication of whether 
someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a     3     (person) weight in kg by their height in 
meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25     4     (consider) healthy. 
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased     5     2. 1 in women and 
men. In cities, however, the gain     6     (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described 
“striking changes” in the geography of BMI. In 1985,urban men and women in more than three quarters of the 
countries     7     (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI 
difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed     8    (sharp). 
This may be due to some disadvantages for people     9     (live) in the countryside, including     10 
(low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】
1.and    2.that/which    3.person’s    4.is considered    5.by    6.was    7.studied    8.
sharply    9.living    10.lower
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标,主要是由于农村地区的体重
指数(BMI)增加了,并分析了其中的原因。
1.考查连词。句意:在一项对200 个国家33 年体重指数趋势的研究中,科学家们发现,世界各地的人们
体重越来越重,而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知,that people worldwide are 
getting heavier 和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found 引导的宾语从句,是并
列关系,故填and。
2.考查定语从句。句意:BMI 是一种国际公认的测量工具,它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句
子结构可知,设空处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词tool,且在从句中做主语,故填that/which。
3.考查名词所有格。句意:它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方,BMI 在19 到25
之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知,person 是修饰weight 的,用 person 的名词所有格person’s。故
填person’s。
4.考查动词被动语态。句意:它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方,BMI 在19 到
25 之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少谓语,主语(a BMI)是单数,时态是一般现在时,
且主语和consider 是表被动关系,故填is considered。
5.考查介词。句意:研究发现,1985 年至2017 年间,农村女性和男性的平均BMI 增加了2.1。increase 
by 表示“增加了”;increase to 表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI 数值(18.5-23.9)可知,increase 
by 符合语境,故填by。
6.考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意:然而,在城市中,女性增加了1.3,男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构
可知,句子缺少谓语,主语(gain)是单数,时态是一般过去时,故填was。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:1985 年,在被研究的国家中,超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs 高于
农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是had,所以study 用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主
语是countries,表被动关系,应该使用过去分词作定语。故填studied。
8.考查副词。句意:但30 年后,许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI 差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知,
sharp 是要修饰动词narrow,用sharp 的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件,包括较低的收入和教育水平,
较高的健康食品成本,以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知,句子已有谓语动词may be,故live 用
非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是people,表主动关系,做定语,用现在分词形式,故填living。
10.考查形容词比较级。句意:这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件,包括较低的收入和教育
水平,较高的健康食品成本,以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知,including 说明的是一些不利条
件,且后面有higher 和fewer,是并列关系,所以low 也应该用比较级形式,故填lower。