大题05 阅读七选五
历年考情
高考英语阅读七选五说明文
，主要向读者介绍知识、说明事物原理、解释操作流程或阐释社会文化现象等
文本条理清晰，常运用小标题、数字序号、逻辑连接词来组织行文，让复杂内容层次分明，方便读者理解。
这类题型要求考生从七个备选项中选出五个合适的句子，填补文章空缺处，使文意连贯、逻辑顺畅，综合
考查阅读理解、语篇分析及上下文衔接能力。
命题规律
七选五阅读文章体裁以说明文、记叙文为主。语篇模式也较为固定：依次是提出问题、分析问题、最
后是提供解决方案；题目的位置也很固定：有首句、句中、末句与独立成段四种情形；题型的正确选
项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意
义）三类。若问题在段首，通常是段落主题句。若是针对段落小标题设空。其呈现形式应和其他小标题相
同。选项应短小精评，多为名词词组、动名词短语或祈使向。若段落首句设空，段首句要么与段落标题相
关联，要么是段落主题句。选项要有概括性。
考向预测
预测2025 年高考阅读理解七选五试题仍然以结构鲜明的指导类说明文为主，主要考查解释说明句。
【2024 新课标Ⅰ卷】Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a
perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does
not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my
laptop's spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but
I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise
Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words
whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a
bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000
words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a
word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the
English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one
definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding
experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
技巧一：从细节逻辑上判断---因果关系
在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连
贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。
因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等
情况。表示因果关系的连词有As a result 结果------，thus/therefore 因此，so (such)...如此------以至于等。
技巧二：从细节逻辑上判断---转折关系
转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑
上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：However 然而,
nevertheless 仍然，然而，不过, nonetheless 尽管如此，依然，然而, still 还；然而, though 可是，不过，然
而, yet 然而, in spite of 不顾，不管, at any rate 无论如何，至少, in any case 无论如何，不管怎样, whoever 无
论是谁, whatever 无论什么，on the contrary 正相反, in contrast 与此相反, 相比之下, by contrast 相反, 相比
之下, in comparison 比较起来，比较地, by comparison 相比之下, conversely 相反(地), otherwise 否则；除此
以外，not---but 不是-----而是，as well 也等。
技巧三：从细节逻辑上判断---例证关系
前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维
上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子
到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。
技巧四：从细节逻辑上判断---递进关系
递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻
辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also 也, 而且, further 另
外(的)；, furthermore 而且，此外, likewise 同样地，照样地；也，又, similarly 相似地，类似地, moreover 而
且再者，此外, in addition 另外，加之, what’s more 更重要的是, too 也，还, either 也, neither 两者都不, not
only…but also 不但…而且等。
技巧五：从细节逻辑上判断---平列关系
表示列举关系的有：first 首先, 第一, second 第二, third 第三…; firstly 第一, 首先, secondly 第二
(点)；其次, thirdly 第三…; first 第一, next 其次, then 那么, 然后…; in the first place 第一，首先, in the second
place 第二, 其次…; for one thing 首先，一则, for another thing 其次…; to begin with 首先，第一, to conclude
首先，第一等
技巧六：从词汇线索上判断---代词
英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙
利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
技巧七：从词汇线索上判断---同义词/近义词
英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们
解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词
都是特殊的同义/近义词。
技巧八：从词汇线索上判断---上下义词/同一范畴词
上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句
中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。
技巧九：从试题位置上判断---问题在段首
假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查
找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项
中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间
会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。
技巧十：从试题位置上判断---问题在段尾
所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否
有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折
或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前
文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主
题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确
答案中应有这样的特征词。段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等
的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word 等词语，选项中也可
发现前文的同义词句。
【2025 届河南省郑州市中原区郑州中学高三上学期12 月模拟预测】It’s National Good Neighbor Day
on September 28. On this day, we do fun activities to bend wish own neighboring families. It’s a great way to break
the ice and build long-lasting relationships for cooperation development.
Neighbors can make or break your experience of living in an area. 36 . Neighbors are like umbrella
on a rainy day, lending a helping hand in times of emergency.
37 . They invited them to parties and balls, went riding with them, worked on their frame , invited
them over for dinner, and took care of their homes whenever they went away. Nowadays, with busy schedules and
technological advancements, we never really core much about or show interest in the family next door. 38 .
National Good Neighbor Day was first celebrated in the early 1970s by Becky Mattson who wanted to
connect with her neighbors in Montana. It officially became a holiday in 1978, when President Jimmy Carter
signed a proclamation ( 公告) to establish the holiday. 39 as it was recognized that there was little
meaningful communication among people and there was a need to bring them together for them to interact with one
another. The government believed human values and consideration for others were agential to the system of
civilization and decided that being good neighbors to those around us was the first step toward human
understanding. 40 . Now, we celebrate National Good Neighbor Day on September 28, taking special time
to care for our neighbors and form or maintain friendships.
A．A resolution was passed by the government
B．They are encouraged to participate in community events
C．Therefore, a fixed date was set for Good Neighbor Day
D．Being a good neighbor helps us build solid and long-lasting relationships
E．Previous generations tended to engage their neighbors in a lot of activities
F．This is why we’ve lived next to each other for years but still aren’t familiar
G．We should appreciate our neighbors and make an effort to get to know them
Passage（1）
【安徽省合肥市第一中学2024-2025 学年高三上学期12 月阶段性诊断检测】Don’t Let Personality Types
Define You
Personality tests, especially the Myers-Briggs type indicator(MBT), are popular tools that many people use
to better understand themselves and their relationships with others. MBTI sorts people into 16 different personality
types based on four key categories. Although these tests can provide useful insights, it’s important not to let them
define or limit you.
16 . But people are complex. Our personalities can change over time, depending on experiences and
growth. What the MBTI test reveals is just a snapshot of one’s preferences, not a complete definition of who you
are. For example, if the test labels you as an “introvert” ( 性格内向的人), you may feel tempted to avoid social
communication because you think it’s not in your nature to be outgoing. But you might find that your ability to
enjoy social events increases over time. The key is not to accept the label as an unchangeable fact. 17
Similarly, if you are categorized as a “thinking” type, it might lead you to believe that you are always
rational 18 Emotional response is also an essential part of human nature, and embracing them can enhance
your decision-making process and relationships.
Additionally, many people get caught up in the idea that their “type” limits their careers or personal choices.
They might think, for instance, that an “introvert” would not be a good leader. 19 . Many introverts achieve
success through careful listening and thoughtful decision-making. Don’t let de MBTI label stop you from pursuing
opportunities that feel right for you.
Finally, one of the most important lessons we can learn from the MBTI is that we are not defined by one test
or label. 20 . By focusing on our strengths and embracing the full complexity of our personalities, we can
lead richer and more fulfilling lives. We are all more than the labels we receive.
A．The reality is quite different.
B．The test results should be seen as a guide, not a limitation.
C．The MBTI system provides a simple way to categorize individuals based on their preferences.
D．But there are countless examples of introverts excelling in these types of roles.
E．You should see it as a starting point for self-reflection and growth.
F．However, it’s essential to understand that both parts of the personality are valuable.
G．The MBTI system can sometimes prevent individuals from realizing their full potential.
Passage（2）
【福建省泉州市四校联考2024-2025 学年高三下学期开学】Every time I put on my seat belt, check my
mirror and turn on the engine, I type in the address of wherever I’m going into my phone. 16 Without the
guide of GPS — the Global Positioning System — not only would I be lost, I’d feel lost. It makes me wonder: Is
there anything I can do to improve my navigation (导航) skills? The answer is yes. Here are some steps you can
take to boost your sense of direction.
17 If you’re not pressed for time, give up the automobile navigation and try to find your way
around town. Next time you go for a walk, go down a road you’ve not walked. Or take the scenic route to your
favorite bar. This works if you’re walking, biking or driving. Then see if you can make it back home without a
GPS.
Use landmarks to direct yourself. 18 To identify your position, the experts suggest picking a few
landmarks in town to help navigate yourself. The ideal landmark is large and far away, like a big sign, a highway, a
tall building or a bridge.
Be curious about your surroundings. Whether you’re going somewhere new or to a place you’ve been to
many times, it’s helpful to just turn around and see what the view looks like behind you. 19 This gives
you visual reminders on how to get back.
Use memory tricks to remember where you are. People with a good sense of direction know their streets. If
you aren’t such a person, you can try an expert navigation method. Commit street names, landmarks and routes to
memory by using tricks to lock things in. 20
A．Take your time to map your town.
B．I have a terrible sense of direction.
C．Turn off your GPS and get lost on purpose.
D．What landmarks will you recommend to visitors?
E．This is especially helpful when street names are abstract.
F．Not sure if you’re north, south, east or west from home?
G．Looking at your surroundings can help you remember your route.
Passage（3）
【福建师范大学附属中学2024-2025 学年高三上学期期末考】It is natural to compare ourselves to others
and to get caught in a mental comparison loop, and yet this seldom is beneficial. You may have heard the
expression, “ 13 ” To me, this rings true as I have found it is quite difficult to compare myself to others and
feel satisfied at the same time.
Comparison not only robs us of delight, but it also fuels self-criticism and a lack of self-acceptance. 14
“I am not as successful, competent, attractive as they are.” “Why don’t I have what they have?” We use comparison
as an avenue for self-criticism, “What’s wrong with me? I must be an exact loser.” This hinders self-acceptance.
We often tell ourselves we are acceptable only if we meet certain standards, and we evaluate how we
measure up by looking at others. The tendency is to conclude that we are not measuring up, particularly if we have
a low sense of self-worth. 15 We don’t just ask ourselves, “What’s wrong with me?” We worry what
others will think: “What’s wrong with them?” The looming sense of possible rejection creates uneasiness and
anxiety.
16 It tells us that if we meet the expectations, lose weight, get a promotion, or buy a new house, we
will feel better, calmer, more self-assured, and stop comparing ourselves. This may be temporarily true, yet, a
comparison is an internal process that is ultimately based on our thoughts and sense of self, not external
circumstances. We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not
meeting. 17 So comparison can destroy our awareness of personal values gradually.
To stop comparing ourselves to others, we have to recognize that the comparison game is unwinnable and
stop playing.
A．No comparison, no life.
B．Comparison is the thief of joy.
C．Comparison can even be misleading.
D．We are focused on others and not on what is meaningful to us.
E．Typically, comparison will lead to feeling inadequate or inferior.
F．Shift from being guided by comparison to being guided by values.
G．And we fear that we are going to be judged by our perceived failures.
Passage（4）
【广东省深圳市高级中学2024-2025 学年高三上学期第三次诊断考试】Glaciers are melting; children
are facing violence; hatred is spreading. At times, it feels as if the world is reaching the bottom. 16 It’s one
of the most powerful and essential human mindsets, and possible to achieve even when it feels out of reach. Chan
Hellman, a psychologist, emphasizes that hope is a teachable and attainable mindset, not an inherent trait. How can
we stay hopeful-even when it feels unattainable?
17
As children, we were often warned against getting our hopes up. However, David Feldman, a professor
studying hope, notes, “The truth is, whether or not we allow ourselves to hope, at some point we’re going to be
disappointed. I think the solution is allowing ourselves to feel hopeful.
Set at least one meaningful goal
In the mid-1980s, the psychologist Charles Snyder identified three crucial factors forming the basis of Hope
Theory, a model researchers still rely on today: First, people must think in a goal-oriented way. More on the other
two elements, pathways and agency.) Make it a point to always be working toward at least one goal that’s
meaningful by nature, Feldman advises. 18 .
Brainstorm solutions
19 . Feldman explains it as having clear and feasible strategies for goal attainment. If you’ve set a
goal that’s meaningful to you, but you can’t figure out a way to achieve it, you’ll probably feel pretty hopeless.
People who are high in hope, meanwhile, tend to have an alternative at the ready.
Call your support team
According to Snyder’s research, people who are hopeful tend to have a lot of “agency”, which means the
motivation to actually achieve their goals. Getting a good night’s rest, following a healthy diet, and meditating can
all promote agency, Feldman says. 20 . However, sometimes the strongest source of agency is other people.
When Feldman is feeling low, he calls his father, who’s his biggest cheerleader.
A．Seek for hope in loneliness
B．Give yourself permission to be hopeful
C．The cure for any despair might be hope
D．Surround yourself with supportive people
E．So can tapping into our own positive beliefs about ourselves
F．Another key element of Snyder’s Hope Theory is “pathways”
G．It shouldn’t be something you have to do but something you want to do
Passage（5）
【湖北省武汉市第一中学2024-2025 学年高三上学期12 月联考】Have you ever had a goal that no
matter how hard you worked, or how many hours you dedicated, it just didn’t seem to make any progress? Despite
all your best effort, it felt like you were running on a treadmill — working hard but not going anywhere. 16
Set yourself a re-evaluation date. Sometimes, the fruits of your labor can be like an iceberg. Only a small
part is visible above the water. 17 Self-doubt and anxiety about whether you’re making any progress
can sabotage your goals even if you’re in fact making significant progress just below the surface. If you think your
goal might take some time to manifest change, try setting a “re-evaluation date” before you quit and give up on
yourself too early. For a “re-evaluation date”, simply pick a day on the calendar that makes sense for the size and
scope of your particular goal. Then refuse to rethink, reassess, or self-doubt your decisions until that day.
18 There’s nothing more demoralizing and frustrating than feeling like you’re constantly
messing up or self-sabotaging your own goal. Instead of seeing setbacks and failures as negative things, reframe
them in your mind as learning experiences — and those experiences can be some of the best teachers!
Also focus on enjoying the doing. It’s easy to get caught up worrying about how much progress you’re
making and forget to enjoy the actual journey. 19 If you constantly feel negative while working
towards your goal, you’ll quickly come to resent it and will be more likely to quit.
So if you’re feeling frustrated about a goal, remember that there just might be a lot of things happening under
the surface you’re not aware of. And remember, results aren’t everything. Learning, growing, enjoying yourself
along the way... 20
A．You will eventually see results.
B．But below, a huge iceberg is forming.
C．Those are the things that really matter.
D．Celebrate your failures as much as your successes.
E．Reframe all your setbacks and failures as learning experiences.
F．If so, there are a few key things that can help you stay on track.
G．If you can find joy working towards your goals, then you will have won half the battle.
Passage（6）
【河北省沧衡名校联盟2024-2025 学年高三下学期开学考试】Virtual communities are a growing part of
the digital age, providing places where people can gather and talk without being limited by where they are
physically. These online environments promote connections based on shared interests rather than locations. 16
People from different parts of the world and various cultural backgrounds now have a platform to communicate and
interact with each other.
Take the formation of online book clubs for instance. 17 Such exchanges would be challenging to
work out in traditional settings, yet the Internet facilitates these interactions with ease.
While virtual communities offer great inclusivity, they also present unique challenges. Disagreements often
arise from the diverse perspectives of members, which can lead to conflicts within these digital spaces. 18
They provide a safe haven (港湾) for individuals to express themselves without fear of judgment. Support groups,
for example, offer comfort to those struggling with personal issues, allowing them to connect with others who share
similar experiences.
Furthermore, virtual communities have revolutionized the way we approach work and education. Remote
meetings and online classes have become commonplace, offering flexibility and convenience that traditional
settings cannot match. 19 That’s because online workshops have become vital tools for career skill
enhancement.
20 Cyberbullying, misinformation, and privacy theft are real concerns that require careful attention. It
is necessary for both platform administrators and users to maintain a culture of respect and politeness within these
spaces.
In short, virtual communities provide many chances to connect and learn, but we must watch out for
potential problems. As these communities develop with technological advances, we should explore them with
enthusiasm and caution (谨慎).
A．The rise of online communities relates to economic advances.
B．However, the dark side of virtual communities cannot be ignored.
C．This shift has been particularly evident in professional development.
D．Virtual communities are online places where people can teach lessons.
E．Thus they expand the potential reach of social interaction to a global degree.
F．Despite these challenges, the advantages of virtual communities are numerous.
G．Enthusiasts from various corners of the globe can engage in literary discussions.
Passage（7）
【湖南省长沙四大名校2024-2025 学年高三下学期2 月月考】Creativity isn’t something that comes
naturally to everyone. If you aren’t an artist or someone in an “artsy” field, you might wonder why creativity is
important. Here, you may find the answer.
16 Creativity is the key to the door of expression, no matter what form of creativity you choose. It
could be painting or anything that brings interesting things out. All conveys how you really feel on the inside and
reveals things you may not be comfortable about.
Feeling discouraged and frustrated about something? 17 It takes your mind off what’s bothering you
while you’ re still engaging your mind in something more fun. Actually, creating something, like baking, drawing,
etc., is like running the engine of your mind.
Thinking creatively always opens up possibilities. 18 Oftentimes, people get stuck in the mindset
and patterns they used to employ to solve difficulties. While the old way might still get the job done, if your
problem-solving was more creative, it could give you new perspectives to help you do better.
Creativity has been proven in extensive research to relieve both stress and anxiety. Sometimes, among life’s
responsibilities, we forget that we need and deserve downtime and self-care. 19 It’s like a cure for your
mental health.
When you think creatively and overcome challenges, you’re proving to yourself that you’re a capable
person. Creativity plays a part on your way to self-recognition. 20
A．Creativity makes you more productive.
B．Doing something creative can help you shake off a bad mood.
C．Turning to creativity can give you more of what you need in this area.
D．Organizing your thoughts creatively makes them more real and clearer.
E．Freedom of expression is considered important to a person’s well- being.
F．That’s because with creativity, people can see things from different angles.
G．During this lengthy road, creativity allows you to be aware of your strengths.
Passage（8）
【湖南师范大学附属中学2024-2025 学年高三下学期2 月月考】A lack of motivation can be the biggest
barrier to reaching your goals. When you have no motivation to complete a task or even start one, consider adopting
the following techniques to develop a plan for self-motivation. 16 . You can make attempts at them to see
which one best helps you.
Act as if you feel motivated
If you’re struggling with motivation, try changing your behavior to trick yourself into feeling more motivated. For
example, instead of lying on the couch in your pajamas all day, get dressed and spring into action. 17 .
Argue the opposite
When you’re feeling unmotivated, you tend to come up with a long list of excuses for not taking any action. You
might think, “It’ll be too hard,” or “I’ll never get it done anyway.” These thoughts can keep you stuck and block
your progress. 18 . This can help you shift your mindset and remind you that achieving your goal is
possible. 19
You might believe that being tough on yourself is the way to motivate yourself. But severe self-criticism doesn’t
work. Research suggests that treating yourself with warmth and understanding is a more effective motivator,
especially in times of difficulty. So rather than beat yourself up for mistakes, create a gentle inner dialogue.
Follow the 10-minute rule
20 . But once you’ve taken that first step, it becomes much easier to keep going. If you’re feeling hesitant
about beginning a task, try using the 10-minute rule. Allow yourself to quit after just 10 minutes if you need to.
When you reach the 10-minute mark, you’ll probably find that you have enough motivation to continue.
A．Practice self-kindness
B．Having a sense of rules is very important
C．Getting started on a task is usually the hardest part
D．You may find that it will stimulate you to make efforts
E．Learning to challenge them can help you move forward
F．Keep in mind that not every strategy works for everyone
G．Instead, focus on the factors that could lead to your success
Passage（1）
【2024 新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and
communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___
Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making
wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online
posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape,
culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though
overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of
extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a
regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll
compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy
when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination
special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
Passage（2）
【2024 全国甲卷】What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body
needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying
goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just
something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body
that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to
mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if
you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant
emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can
regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals
keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until
breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive
system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
Passage（3）
【2024 北京卷】If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or
a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things.
Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. ___35___ And
they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that
lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at.
___36___ The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies.
___37___ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make
predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but
that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.
The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of
sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. ___38___ They try to include it in their
viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and
don’t know.
So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. ___39___ The choice between
being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare
mixture known as foxy hedgehog.
A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each.
B. They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes.
C. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence.
D. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.
E. However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs.
F. When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.
G. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position.
Passage（4）
【2024 浙江1 月卷】In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and
college experience. ___16___ But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is
right for you? ___17___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage
of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a point that many people lose
sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to
study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep
you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you
would do with in person courses. ___19___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It
is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch
your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
___20___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this
problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate
each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or
schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
Passage（5）
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err ( 犯错) is
human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring?
Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your
personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve
done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange
thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t
wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The
thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to
develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
