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专题 4.1 有理数的运算六大类型
【人教版2024】
【类型1 有理数的加法计算30题】........................................................................................................................1
【类型2 有理数的减法计算30题】........................................................................................................................7
【类型3 有理数的加减混合运算30题】..............................................................................................................13
【类型4 含乘法的有理数计算30题】..................................................................................................................20
【类型5 含除法的有理数计算30题】..................................................................................................................26
【类型6 含乘方的有理数混合运算60题】..........................................................................................................31
【类型1 有理数的加法计算30题】
1 6 1
1.计算:(−3 )+(+ )+(−0.5)+(+1 ).
2 7 7
1 6 1 1
【解答】解:原式=﹣3 + − +1
2 7 2 7
1 1 6 1
=(﹣3 − )+( +1 )
2 2 7 7
=﹣4+2
=﹣2.
1 2 1
2.计算:4.5+[(−2.5)+9 +(−15 )]+2 .
3 3 3
1 2 1
【解答】解:原式=4.5+(−2.5)+9 +(−15 )+2
3 3 3
1 1 2
=2+[9 +2 +(﹣15 )]
3 3 3
=2+(﹣4)
=﹣2.
5 2 1
3.计算:(−3 )+(+15.5)+(−16 )+(−5 ).
7 7 2
5 2
【解答】解:原式=(﹣3 −16 )+(15.5﹣5.5)=﹣20+10=﹣10.
7 7
4.计算:23+(﹣17)+7+(﹣13).【解答】解:23+(﹣17)+7+(﹣13)
=23﹣17+7﹣13
=23+7﹣17﹣13
=30﹣30
=0.
5.计算:(﹣9)+18+2+(﹣1).
【解答】解:原式=(﹣9)+(﹣1)+18+2
=(﹣10)+18+2
=10.
9 19
6.用简便方法计算:0.5+(+ )+(− )+9.5.
2 2
9 19
【解答】解:0.5+(+ )+(− )+9.5
2 2
9 19
=(0.5+9.5)+( − )
2 2
=10+(﹣5)
=10﹣5
=5.
1
7.计算:4+(﹣12)+0.5+8+(− ).
2
1 1
【解答】解:原式=(4+8)+(﹣12)+( − )
2 2
=12+(﹣12)+0
=0+0
=0.
4 6 7
8.计算:−3 + +(−2 ).
11 13 11
4 6 7
【解答】解:−3 + +(−2 )
11 13 11
4 7 6
=﹣3 +(﹣2 )+
11 11 13
6
=﹣6+
137
=﹣5 .
13
9.计算:(﹣2.8)+(﹣3.6)+(﹣1.5)+3.6.
【解答】解:(﹣2.8)+(﹣3.6)+(﹣1.5)+3.6
=[(﹣2.8)+(﹣3.6)+(﹣1.5)]+3.6
=﹣7.9+3.6
=﹣4.3.
1 1
10.计算:0.125+2 +(−2 )+(−0.25).
4 8
1 1
【解答】解:0.125+2 +(−2 )+(−0.25)
4 8
=0.125+2.25﹣2.125﹣0.25
=0.
11.计算:(﹣8)+(﹣1.2)+(﹣0.6)+(﹣2.4).
【解答】解:原式=﹣(8+1.2+0.6+2.4)
=﹣12.2.
4 4 4 13
12.计算:(− )+(− )+ +(− ).
13 17 13 17
4 4 4 13
【解答】解:原式=(− )+ +(− )+(− )
13 13 17 17
=0+(﹣1)
=﹣1.
1 1
13.计算:(﹣0.5)+3 +2.75+(﹣5 ).
4 2
【解答】解:原式=[(﹣0.5)+(﹣5.5)]+(3.25+2.75)
=﹣6+6
=0.
1 1
14.计算:﹣0.25+(﹣2 )+2 +0.125.
8 4
1 1 1 1
【解答】解:原式=(− + 2 )+(﹣2 + )
4 4 8 8
=2+(﹣2)
=0.
15.计算:16+(﹣25)+24+(﹣35).【解答】解:16+(﹣25)+24+(﹣35),
=16﹣25+24﹣35
=(16+24)+(﹣25﹣35)
=40+(﹣60)
=﹣20.
16.计算:7+(﹣3)+|3+(﹣5)|+(﹣10).
【解答】解:7+(﹣3)+|3+(﹣5)|+(﹣10)
=7﹣3+2﹣10
=6﹣10
=﹣4.
1 3 7
17.计算:(−3 )+(−5.3)+1.25+(−2 )+(− ).
4 8 10
1 7 3
【解答】解:原式=(﹣3 +1.25)+(﹣5.3− )﹣2
4 10 8
3
=﹣2﹣6﹣2
8
3
=﹣10 .
8
1 1
18.计算﹣2.4+3 +(﹣1 )+(﹣1.6).
3 6
1 1
【解答】解:﹣2.4+3 +(﹣1 )+(﹣1.6)
3 6
1 1
=(﹣2.4﹣1.6)+(3 −1 )
3 6
1
=﹣4+2
6
5
=﹣1 .
6
5 1 1
19.计算:−4 +3.125+(−2 )+(−5 ).
6 6 8
5 1 1
【解答】解:−4 +3.125+(−2 )+(−5 )
6 6 8
5 1 1 1
=−4 +3 +(−2 )+(−5 )
6 8 6 85 1 1 1
=−4 +(−2 )+3 +(−5 )
6 6 8 8
=﹣7+(﹣2)
=﹣9.
1 1
20.计算:﹣3 +4+3 .
3 3
1 1
【解答】解:原式=﹣3 +3 +4
3 3
=0+4
=4.
21.计算(﹣3.14)+(+4.96)+(+2.14)+(﹣7.96).
【解答】解:(﹣3.14)+(+4.96)+(+2.14)+(﹣7.96)
=(﹣3.14+2.14)+(4.96﹣7.96)
=﹣1﹣3
=﹣4.
1 1
22.计算:−0.5+(−3 )+(−2.75)+(+7 ).
4 2
1
【解答】解:原式=[﹣0.5+(+7 )]+[(﹣3.25)+(﹣2.75)]
2
=7+(﹣6)
=1.
23.计算:5.6+(﹣0.9)+4.4+(﹣8.1)+(﹣1).
【解答】解:5.6+(﹣0.9)+4.4+(﹣8.1)+(﹣1)
=5.6+4.4+(﹣0.9)+(﹣8.1)+(﹣1)
=10+(﹣9)+(﹣1)
=10+(﹣10)
=0.
1 1 2 1 5
24.计算: + +(− )+(− )+(− ).
4 12 3 4 12
1 1 1 5 2
【解答】解:原式=[ +(− )]+[ +(− )]+(− )
4 4 12 12 3
1 2
=0+(− )+(− )
3 3
=﹣1.3 3 1
25.计算:(− )+(0.75)+(+ )+ +1
8 4 8
3 3 3 1
【解答】解:原式=− + + + +
1
8 4 4 8
3 1 3 3
=− + + + +1
8 8 4 4
1 6
=− + +1
4 4
9
= .
4
1 1
26.简便计算:0.125+3 +(﹣3 )+(﹣0.25)
4 8
1 1 1 1
【解答】解:原式= + 3 −3 − ,
8 4 8 4
1 1 1 1
=( −3 )+(3 − ),
8 8 4 4
=﹣3+3,
=0.
1 2 3 3
27.计算:(﹣3 )+2 +(﹣5 )+8 .
4 5 4 5
1 2 3 3
【解答】解:(﹣3 )+2 +(﹣5 )+8
4 5 4 5
1 3 2 3
=(﹣3 −5 )+(2 +8 )
4 4 5 5
=﹣9+11
=2.
1 1 1 4
28.计算:(−3 )+(﹣2.16)+8 +3 +(﹣3.84)+(﹣0.25)+ .
8 4 8 5
1 1 1 1 4
【解答】解:原式=−3 −2.16+8 +3 −3.84− +
8 4 8 4 5
1 1 1 1 4
=−3 +3 −2.16−3.84+8 − +
8 8 4 4 5
4
=0−6+8+
5
4
=2 .
529.计算:(+1)+(﹣2)+(+3)+(﹣4)+…+(+99)+(﹣100)
【解答】解:(+1)+(﹣2)+(+3)+(﹣4)+…+(+99)+(﹣100),
=[(+1)+(﹣2)]+[(+3)+(﹣4)]+…+[(+99)+(﹣100)],
=(﹣1)+(﹣1)+…+(﹣1),(50个)
=﹣50
30.阅读下面文字:
3 1 3 1
对于(﹣3 )+(﹣1 )+2 +2 可以如下计算:
10 2 5 2
3 1 3 1
原式=[﹣3+(− )]+[﹣1+(− )]+(2+ )+(2+ )
10 2 5 2
3 1 3 1
=[(﹣3)+(﹣1)+2+2]+ [ ( − ) + ( − )+ + ]
10 2 5 2
3
=0+
10
3
= .
10
上面这种方法叫拆项法.
(1)请补全以上计算过程;
2 3 5 1
(2)类比上面的方法计算:(﹣2024 )+2023 +(﹣2022 )+2021 .
3 4 6 2
3 1 3 1
【解答】解:(1)原式=[﹣3+(− )]+[﹣1+(− )]+(2+ )+(2+ )
10 2 5 2
3 1 3 1
=[(﹣3)+(﹣1)+2+2]+[(− )+(− )+ + ]
10 2 5 2
3
=0+
10
3
= ,
10
3 1 3 1 3 3
故答案为:[(− )+(− )+ + ], , ;
10 2 5 2 10 10
2 3 5 1
(2)(﹣2024 )+2023 +(﹣2022 )+2021
3 4 6 2
2 3 5 1
=[(﹣2024)+2023+(﹣2022)+2021]+[(− )+ +(− )+ ]
3 4 6 21
=(﹣2)+(− )
4
9
=− .
4
【类型2 有理数的减法计算30题】
3 1
1.计算:0.125−(−2 )−(3 −0.25).
4 8
1 3 1 1
【解答】解:原式= +2 −3 +
8 4 8 4
3 1 1 1
=2 + + −3
4 4 8 8
=3﹣3
=0.
7 3 8
2.计算:4 −(3 − ).
15 20 15
7 3 8
【解答】解:4 −(3 − )
15 20 15
7 3 8
=4 −3 +
15 20 15
7 8 3
=4 + −3
15 15 20
3
=5−3
20
17
=1 .
20
3.计算:(﹣7)﹣(﹣10)﹣(﹣8)﹣(﹣2).
【解答】解:(﹣7)﹣(﹣10)﹣(﹣8)﹣(﹣2)
=﹣7+10+8+2
=13.
4.计算:﹣7﹣|﹣9|﹣(﹣11)﹣3.
【解答】解:原式=﹣7﹣9+11﹣3
=﹣16+11﹣3
=﹣5﹣3
=﹣8.5.计算:0.47﹣4﹣(﹣1.53).
【解答】解:0.47﹣4﹣(﹣1.53)
=0.47﹣4+1.53
=(0.47+1.57)﹣4
=2﹣4
=﹣2.
1 1
6.计算:(﹣8 )﹣(+12)﹣(﹣70)﹣(﹣8 ).
3 3
1 1
【解答】解:原式=(﹣8 )+(﹣12)+(+70)+(+8 )
3 3
1 1
=(﹣8 )+(+8 )+(﹣12)+(+70)
3 3
=58.
2 1
7.计算:3 −(5.75−3 ).
3 4
2 1
【解答】解:3 −(5.75−3 )
3 4
2 1
=3 −2
3 2
1
=1 .
6
2 5 2
8.计算:3 −(2 − ).
3 6 3
2 5 2
【解答】解:原式=3 −2 +
3 6 3
4 5 4
=3 −2 +
6 6 6
1
=1 .
2
11 1 1
9.计算: −(5 − ).
2 3 2
11 1 1
【解答】解:原式= −5 +
2 3 2
11 1 1
= + −5
2 2 31
=6−5
3
2
= .
3
10.计算:20﹣(﹣6)﹣|﹣3|.
【解答】解:原式=20+6﹣3
=23.
1 2
11.计算:1 −(﹣0.5)﹣2 .
7 7
8 1 16
【解答】解:原式= + −
7 2 7
16 7 32
= + −
14 14 14
9
=− .
14
4 1
12.计算:3.73−[2 −(−2.63)]− .
5 5
4 1
【解答】解:原式=3.73﹣2 +(﹣2.63)−
5 5
=1.1﹣3
=﹣1.9.
5 12
13.计算: −9−12−(− ).
17 17
5 12
【解答】解:原式= −9−12+
17 17
5 12
=( + )+(−9−12)
17 17
=1+(﹣21)
=﹣20.
14.计算:16﹣(﹣12)﹣24﹣(﹣18).
【解答】解:原式=16+12+(﹣24)+18
=28+(﹣24)+18
=4+18
=22.15.计算:﹣4﹣(+7)﹣(﹣15).
【解答】解:原式=﹣4﹣7+15
=4.
2 4 1
16.计算:4.73−[2 −(1 −2.63)]− .
3 5 3
2 1
【解答】解:原式=4.73﹣[2 −(﹣0.83)]−
3 3
8 1
=4.73﹣( +0.83)−
3 3
8 1
=4.73− −0.83−
3 3
=0.9.
5 12
17.计算: −(+9)﹣12﹣(− ).
17 17
5 12
【解答】解: −(+9)﹣12﹣(− )
17 17
5 12
= −(− )﹣9﹣12
17 17
=1﹣21
=﹣20
3 2
18.计算: −3.7﹣(− )﹣1.3.
5 5
3 2
【解答】解: −3.7﹣(− )﹣1.3,
5 5
3 2
= + −3.7﹣1.3,
5 5
=1﹣5,
=﹣4.
1
19.计算:6﹣(− )﹣2﹣|﹣1.5|.
5
【解答】解:原式=6+0.2﹣2﹣1.5
=2.7.
2 1 1
20.计算 −|−1 |−(+2 )−(−2.75)
5 2 42 1 1
【解答】解: −|−1 |−(+2 )−(−2.75),
5 2 4
2 1 1
= −1 −2 +2.75,
5 2 4
=﹣1.1﹣2.25+2.75,
=﹣3.35+2.75,
=﹣0.6.
2 4 1 4
21.计算:| − |−|− − |.
3 3 5 5
2 4 1 4
【解答】解:| − |﹣|− − |
3 3 5 5
2
=|− |﹣|﹣1|
3
2
= −1
3
1
=− .
3
2 3 1 3
22.计算:4 −(−9 )−7 −1 .
5 5 4 4
2 3 1 3
【解答】解:4 −(﹣9 )﹣7 −1 ,
5 5 4 4
2 3 1 3
=4 +9 −7 −1 ,
5 5 4 4
=14﹣9,
=5.
1 3 1
23.计算:(+0.25)﹣(−3 )﹣(+5 )﹣(+ )
8 4 4
1 3 1
【解答】解:(+0.25)﹣(−3 )﹣(+5 )﹣(+ ),
8 4 4
1 3
=0.25+3 −5 −0.25,
8 4
3 1
=(0.25﹣0.25)﹣(5 −3 ),
4 8
6 1
=﹣(5 −3 ),
8 85
=−2 .
8
1 3 1 3
24.计算:|﹣4 −(− )|﹣(|﹣4 |)﹣|− |).
4 4 4 4
1 3 1 3
【解答】解:|﹣4 −(− )|﹣(|﹣4 |)﹣|− |)
4 4 4 4
1 3 1 3
=|﹣4 + |﹣4 −
4 4 4 4
1 3 1 3
=4 − −4 −
4 4 4 4
6
=−
4
3
=− .
2
1 5 3 3
25.计算:(− )﹣| −(− )|﹣(− ).
3 12 4 2
1 5 3 3
【解答】解:原式=− −| + |+
3 12 4 2
1 7 3
=− − +
3 6 2
2 7 9
=− − +
6 6 6
9 9
=− +
6 6
=0
1 1 1
26.计算:(+ )﹣(+ )﹣(− ).
3 5 12
1 1 1
【解答】解:原式= +(− )+
3 5 12
1 1 1
= + −
3 12 5
5 1
= −
12 5
13
= .
60
1 1 1
27.计算:(﹣1 )﹣|(﹣4 )﹣(﹣2 )|
2 4 31 1 1
【解答】解:(﹣1 )﹣|(﹣4 )﹣(﹣2 )|,
2 4 3
1 1 1
=(﹣1 )﹣|﹣4 +2 |,
2 4 3
1 1 1
=(﹣1 )﹣|﹣4 +2 |,
2 4 3
5
=﹣3 .
12
6 3 5 2
28.计算:|﹣11 |﹣(+ )﹣(﹣12 )﹣|﹣7 |.
11 5 11 5
6 5 3 2
【解答】解:原式=11 +12 − −7 =24﹣8=16.
11 11 5 5
1 1 1 1 1
29.用简便方法计算:1− − − − −⋯− .
2 6 12 20 99×100
1 1 1 1 1
【解答】解:1− − − − −⋯− ,
2 6 12 20 99×100
1 1 1 1 1
=1− − − − −⋯− ,
1×2 2×3 3×4 4×5 99×100
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
=1﹣(1− )﹣( − )﹣( − )﹣( − )﹣…﹣( − ),
2 2 3 3 4 4 5 99 100
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
=1﹣1+ − + − + − + −⋯− + ,
2 2 3 3 4 4 5 99 100
1
= .
100
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
30.计算:| −1|+| − |+| − |+⋯+| − |.
2 3 2 4 3 2023 2022
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
【解答】解:| −1|+| − |+| − |+⋯+| − |
2 3 2 4 3 2023 2022
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
=1− + − + +...+ − + −
2 2 3 3 2021 2022 2022 2023
1
=1−
2023
2022
= .
2023【类型3 有理数的加减混合运算30题】
1 2 1
1.计算:(−4 )−(−2.75)−5 +3 .
3 3 4
1 3 2 1
【解答】解:原式=−4 +2 −5 +3
3 4 3 4
3 1 1 2
=2 +3 −4 −5
4 4 3 3
=6﹣10
=﹣4.
5 8 1
2.计算:(−2 )−(−15.5)+(−7 )+(−5 ).
13 13 2
5 8 1
【解答】解:(−2 )−(−15.5)+(−7 )+(−5 )
13 13 2
5 8 1
=﹣2 +15.5﹣7 −5
13 13 2
5 8 1
=(﹣2 −7 )+(15.5﹣5 )
13 13 2
=﹣10+10
=0.
19 2
3.计算:−3.19+2 +(−6.81)−(−2 ).
21 21
19 2
【解答】解:−3.19+2 +(−6.81)−(−2 )
21 21
19 2
=(﹣3.19﹣6.81)+(2 +2 )
21 21
=﹣10+5
=﹣5.
1 1
4.计算:4 −1.5+(5 )−(﹣2.75).
4 2
【解答】解:原式=4.25﹣1.5+5.5+2.75
=(4.25+2.75)+(5.5﹣1.5)
=7+4
=11.
3 1 8
5.计算:(−2.8+3 )−(7 −6 ).
11 2 113 1 8
【解答】解:原式=﹣2.8+3 −7 +6
11 2 11
1 3 8
=﹣2.8﹣7 +3 +6
2 11 11
103
=− +10
10
3
=− .
10
5 3 1 3
6.计算:−5 −3 +(−2 )−(−4 ).
6 7 6 7
35 24 13 31
【解答】解:原式=− − − +
6 7 6 7
35 13 31 24
=− − + −
6 6 7 7
48
=− +1
6
=﹣7.
3 4
7.计算:3 −(2.4−1 )+(−1.6).
7 7
3 4
【解答】解:3 −(2.4−1 )+(−1.6)
7 7
3 4
=3 −2.4+1 −1.6
7 7
3 4
=3 +1 −2.4﹣1.6
7 7
=5﹣4
=1.
5 1
8.计算:(−7.7)+(−6 )+(−3.3)−(−1 ).
6 6
41 7
【解答】解:原式=﹣7.7− −3.3+
6 6
34
=﹣11−
6
50
=− .
31
9.计算: +23﹣1.5﹣13.
2
【解答】解:原式=0.5+23﹣1.5﹣13
=(23﹣13)+(0.5﹣1.5)
=10﹣1
=9.
10.计算:23+(﹣14)﹣35﹣(﹣10).
【解答】解:23+(﹣14)﹣35﹣(﹣10)
=23﹣14﹣35+10
=23+10﹣35﹣14
=﹣2﹣14
=﹣16.
1 1
11.计算:(−0.5)−(−3 )+3.75−(+ ).
4 2
1 1 3 1
【解答】解:原式=(− )+3 +3 +(− )
2 4 4 2
1 1 3 1
=− +3 +3 −
2 4 4 2
1 1 1 3
=− − +3 +3
2 2 4 4
=﹣1+7
=6.
12.计算:(﹣10)﹣(+7)﹣(﹣5)+(+3).
【解答】解:(﹣10)﹣(+7)﹣(﹣5)+(+3)
=﹣10﹣7+5+3
=﹣17+5+3
=﹣12+3
=﹣9.
5 1
13.计算:−5 −2 +(−2)−(−3).
6 6
【解答】解:原式=﹣8﹣2+3
=﹣10+3
=﹣7.1 1 2
14.计算: +(− )−1+ .
3 5 3
1 1 2
【解答】解:原式= − −1+
3 5 3
1 2 1
= + −1−
3 3 5
1
=− .
5
1 2 1 2
15.计算:−|−1 |−(−2 )−|−3 |+(−1 ).
3 5 3 5
1 2 1 2
【解答】解:−|−1 |−(−2 )−|−3 |+(−1 )
3 5 3 5
1 2 1 2
=−1 +2 −3 −1
3 5 3 5
1 1 2 2
=−1 −3 +2 −1
3 3 5 5
2
=−4 +1
3
2
=−3 .
3
16.计算:﹣(﹣2.5)﹣2+7.5﹣|﹣8|.
【解答】解:﹣(﹣2.5)﹣2+7.5﹣|﹣8|
=2.5﹣2+7.5﹣8
=2.5+7.5﹣2﹣8
=0.
1 2 3 2
17.计算:−3 +3 +(−5 )+(−4 ).
4 3 4 3
1 2 3 2
【解答】解:−3 +3 +(−5 )+(−4 )
4 3 4 3
1 3 2 2
=[−3 +(−5 )]+[(−4 )+3 ]
4 4 3 3
=﹣9+(﹣1)
=﹣10.
18.计算:﹣9+5﹣(﹣12)+(﹣3).
【解答】解:原式=﹣9+5+12﹣3=17﹣12
=5.
2 7 3 1
19.计算:(+3 )+(−2 )−(−5 )−(+1 ).
5 8 5 8
2 7 3 1
【解答】解:(+3 )+(−2 )−(−5 )−(+1 )
5 8 5 8
2 7 3 1
=3 −2 +5 −1
5 8 5 8
2 3 7 1
=(3 +5 )+(﹣2 −1 )
5 5 8 8
=9+(﹣4)
=5.
1 1
20.用简便方法计算:(+10 )+(−11.5)+(−10 )−(+4.5).
3 3
1 1
【解答】解:原式=10 −11.5﹣10 −4.5
3 3
1 1
=(10 −10 )﹣(11.5+4.5)
3 3
=0﹣16
=﹣16.
1
21.计算:(﹣5 )+(﹣3.2)﹣(﹣2.5)﹣4.8.
2
【解答】解:原式=(﹣5.5)+(﹣3.2)+2.5+(﹣4.8)
=(﹣5.5+2.5)+(﹣3.2﹣4.8)
=(﹣3)+(﹣8)
=﹣11.
1 3
22.计算:3 −|﹣7|−(−5 )+12.
4 4
1 3
【解答】解:3 −|−7|−(−5 )+12
4 4
1 3
=3 +5 −7+12
4 4
=9﹣7+12
=14.23.计算:12﹣(﹣18)+(﹣7)﹣|﹣15|.
【解答】解:原式=12+18﹣7﹣15=8.
1 1 5 2
24.用简便方法计算:− −(+1 )−(− )−(+4 ).
8 3 8 3
1 1 5 2
【解答】解:− −(+1 )−(− )−(+4 )
8 3 8 3
1 1 5 2
=− −1 + −4
8 3 8 3
1 2 5 1
=(−1 −4 )+( − )
3 3 8 8
1
=−6+
2
1
=−5 .
2
1 3
25.计算:6 −3.3−(−6)+3 +4+3.3.
4 4
1 3
【解答】解:原式=6 +(−3.3)+6+3 +4+3.3
4 4
1 3
=(6 +3 )+[(−3.3)+3.3]+6+4
4 4
=10+0+10
=20.
1 3
26.计算:(−7.7)−(−4 )+(−2 )+5.75.
4 10
3 1
【解答】解:原式=﹣7.7−2 +4 +5.75
10 4
3 1
=﹣(7.7+2 )+(4 +5.75)
10 4
7 3 1 3
=﹣(7 +2 )+(4 +5 )
10 10 4 4
=﹣10+10
=0.
3 2
27.用简便方法计算:(− )+7.3− +2.7.
5 5
3 2
【解答】解:(− )+7.3− +2.7
5 53 2
=(− )+7.3+(− )+2.7
5 5
3 2
=[(− )+(− )]+[(7.3+2.7)]
5 5
=﹣1+10
=9.
2 5 5
28.计算: −0.75−(−2 )+(− ).
7 7 4
2 3 5 5
【解答】解:原式= − + 2 −
7 4 7 4
2 5 3 5
=( + 2 )+(− − )
7 7 4 4
=3﹣2
=1.
1 1 1 4
29.计算:3 −(− )+(− )− .
2 3 2 3
1 1 1 4
【解答】解:原式=3+ + − −
2 3 2 3
=3﹣1
=2.
1 1
30.计算:﹣0.5﹣(﹣3 )+2.75﹣(+5 ).
4 2
1 1
【解答】解:原式=﹣0.5+3+ +2.75﹣5−
4 2
1 1
=(﹣0.5− )+( +2.75)+(﹣5+3)
2 4
=﹣1+3+(﹣2)
=2+(﹣2)
=0.
【类型4 含乘法的有理数计算30题】
2 1
1.计算:(−4)× ×(−0.25)×2 .
3 2
1 2 5 5
【解答】解:原式=4× × × = .
4 3 2 34 5 7
2.计算:(﹣36)×(− + − ).
9 6 12
4 5 7
【解答】解:原式=﹣36×(− )﹣36× +36×
9 6 12
=16﹣30+21
=7.
47
3.计算:24×(﹣99 ).
48
47
【解答】解:原式=﹣24×99
48
1
=﹣24×(100− )
48
1
=﹣24×100+24×
48
1
=﹣2400+
2
1
=﹣2399 .
2
4.计算:(﹣0.25)×(﹣25)×(﹣4).
【解答】解:原式=﹣0.25×25×4
=﹣0.25×100
=﹣25.
3 5 7
5.用简便方法计算:−24×(− −1 − ).
4 6 8
3 5 7
【解答】解:−24×(− −1 − )
4 6 8
3 5 7
=−24×(− )−24×(−1 )−24×(− )
4 6 8
=18+44+21
=83.
6 6 6
6.计算:4×(−3 )−3×(﹣3 )﹣6×3 .
7 7 7
27
【解答】解:原式=− ×(4﹣3+6)
727
=− ×7
7
=﹣27.
1 2 1
7.计算:(− + − )×|﹣24|
2 3 4
1 2 1
【解答】解:原式=(− + − )×24
2 3 4
1 2 1
=− ×24+ ×24− ×24
2 3 4
=﹣12+16﹣6
=﹣2.
3 5 11 7
8.计算:﹣60×( + − − )
4 6 15 12
3 5 11 7
【解答】解:原式=(﹣60)× +(﹣60)× −(﹣60)× −(﹣60)×
4 6 15 12
=﹣45﹣50+44+35
=﹣16.
1 1
9.计算:−24×( +1 −0.75).
6 3
1 1 1 4 3
【解答】解:−24×( +1 −0.75)=−24× −24× +24× =−4﹣32+18=﹣18.
6 3 6 3 4
5 4 1
10.计算:(﹣3)× ×(﹣1 )×(− )
6 5 4
5 4 1
【解答】解:(﹣3)× ×(﹣1 )×(− )
6 5 4
5 4 1
=(− )×(﹣1 )×(− )
2 5 4
9 1
= ×(− )
2 4
9
=−
8
7 7 7
11.利用适当的方法计算: ×(−9)+ ×(−18)+ .
13 13 13
7
【解答】解:原式= ×(﹣9﹣18+1)
137
= ×(﹣26)
13
=﹣14.
1 1
12.用简便方法计算:(﹣3)×(− )+0.25×24.5+(﹣3 )×25%
4 2
1 1
【解答】解:(﹣3)×(− )+0.25×24.5+(﹣3 )×25%,
4 2
1 1 1 1
=3× + ×24.5+(﹣3 )× ,
4 4 2 4
1
= ×(3+24.5﹣3.5),
4
1
= ×24,
4
=6.
7 3
13.计算:19× +1.75×(−10)−(1 )×(−7).
4 4
7
【解答】解:原式=(19﹣10+7)×
4
7
=16×
4
=28.
1
14.计算(﹣2)×(﹣7)×(+5)×(− )
7
1
【解答】解:(﹣2)×(﹣7)×(+5)×(− )
7
1
=﹣2×7×5×
7
=﹣10.
1 1 2 5
15.计算:(− − + )×|−24|− ×(−2.5)×(−8).
4 2 3 4
1 1 2 5
【解答】解:(− − + )×|﹣24|− ×(﹣2.5)×(﹣8)
4 2 3 4
1 1 2 5 5
=(− − + )×24− ×(− )×(﹣8)
4 2 3 4 2
1 1 2 5 5
=− ×24− ×24+ ×24− × ×8
4 2 3 4 2=﹣6﹣12+16﹣25
=﹣43+16
=﹣27.
2 2 2
16.简便计算:(﹣5)×(﹣3 )+(﹣7)×(−3 )+(﹣12)×3 .
7 7 7
2 2 2
【解答】解:(﹣5)×(﹣3 )+(﹣7)×(﹣3 )+(﹣12)×3 ,
7 7 ¿¿
2 2 2
=5×3 7×3 12×3
7+ 7− 7
2
=3 (5+7﹣12)
7×
2
=3 0
7×
=0.
1 1 1 5
17.计算:−1 ×(−4 )×3 ×( ).
3 2 3 10
4 9 10 5
【解答】解:原式=− ×(− )× × ,
3 2 3 10
5
=6× ,
3
=10.
4
18.计算:(﹣5)×8×(−1 )×(﹣1.25)
5
9
【解答】解:原式=﹣40× ×1.25=﹣72×1.25=﹣90.
5
2 36 25
19.计算:(− )×(− )×(− ).
15 5 24
2 36 25
【解答】解:原式=− × ×
15 5 24
24 25
=− ×
25 24
=﹣1.
8 7
20.计算: ×[0.75−( −0.25)].
9 16
8 7
【解答】解: ×[0.75−( −0.25)]
9 168 7
= ×(0.75− + 0.25)
9 16
8 7
= ×(0.75+0.25− )
9 16
8 7
= ×(1− )
9 16
8 9
= ×
9 16
1
= .
2
1 1 1 1 1
21.计算:31 ×41 −11 ×41 ×2﹣9.5×11 .
3 2 3 2 3
1 1 1 1 1
【解答】解:31 ×41 −11 ×41 ×2﹣9.5×11
3 2 3 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
=31 ×41 −11 ×41 −11 ×41 −9.5×11
3 2 3 2 3 2 3
1 1 1 1 1
=41 ×(31 −11 )﹣11 ×(41 +9.5)
2 3 3 3 2
1 1
=41 ×20﹣11 ×51
2 3
1 1
=(41+ )×20﹣(11+ )×51,
2 3
1 1
=41×20+ ×20﹣11×51− ×51,
2 3
=820+10﹣561﹣17,
=252.
3 3 1 4
22.计算:(﹣14)× −0.34× + ×(﹣14)+ ×(﹣0.34).
4 7 4 7
3 1 3 4
【解答】解:原式=(﹣14)×( + )+(﹣0.34)×( + )
4 4 7 7
=﹣14+(﹣0.34)
=﹣14.34.
7 7 7
23.计算:(﹣3.59)×(− )﹣2.41×(− )+6×(− ).
22 22 22
7 7 7
【解答】解:(﹣3.59)×(− )﹣2.41×(− )+6×(− )
22 22 227
=(﹣3.59﹣2.41+6)×(− )
22
7
=0×(− )
22
=0.
1 5 5 1
24.计算:−48×( −3− + − ).
2 8 6 12
1 5 5 1
【解答】解:原式=﹣48× −3×(﹣48)− ×(﹣48)+ ×(﹣48)− ×(﹣48)
2 8 6 12
=﹣24+144+30﹣40+4
=114.
5 8 1 2
25.计算:(− )× × ×(− )
12 15 2 3
5 8 1 2 2
【解答】解:原式= × × × = .
12 15 2 3 27
1 1 13
26.计算:(﹣3)×(﹣2 )+(﹣5)×2 −4× .
6 6 6
1 1 13
【解答】解:(﹣3)×(﹣2 )+(﹣5)×2 −4×
6 6 6
13
=(3﹣5﹣4)×
6
13
=﹣6×
6
=﹣13.
1 1
27.计算:﹣270× +0.25×21.5+(﹣8 )×(﹣25%)
4 2
1 1 1 1
【解答】解:原式=﹣270× + ×21.5+8 ×
4 4 2 4
1 1
=(﹣270+21.5+8 )×
2 4
1
=﹣240×
4
=﹣60.
19
28.计算:(﹣24 )×2.5×(﹣8).
2019
【解答】解:(﹣24 )×2.5×(﹣8)
20
1
=(﹣25+ )×(﹣20)
20
1
=﹣25×(﹣20)+ ×(﹣20)
20
=500﹣1
=499.
1 1 1 1 1
29.计算:( −1)×( −1)×( −1)×⋯×( −1)×( −1).
10 9 8 3 2
9 8 7 2 1 9 8 7 2 1
【解答】解:原式=− ×(− )×(− )×…×(− )×(− )=﹣( × × ×⋯× × )
10 9 8 3 2 10 9 8 3 2
1
=− .
10
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
30.计算:| × |+| × |+| × |+⋯+| × |.
3 2 4 3 5 4 2019 2018
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
【解答】解:原式=| − |+| − |+| − |+...+| − |
2 3 3 4 4 5 2018 2019
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= − + − + − +...+ −
2 3 3 4 4 5 2018 2019
1 1
= −
2 2019
2019−2
=
2×2019
2017
= .
4038
【类型5 含除法的有理数计算30题】
2 1 3
1.计算: ÷(−2 )×3 .
5 2 4
2 5 15
【解答】解:原式= ÷(− )×
5 2 4
2 2 15
=− × ×
5 5 4
3
=− .
51
2.计算:(−8)÷(−9)×(− ).
9
1 1
【解答】解:原式=(﹣8)×(− )×(− )
9 9
8
=− .
81
1 2
3.计算:(﹣2 )÷(﹣1.2)×(﹣1 ).
7 5
1 2
【解答】解:(﹣2 )÷(﹣1.2)×(﹣1 )
7 5
15 5 7
=− × ×
7 6 5
5
=− .
2
3 2 1
4.计算:− ×(−2 )÷1 .
5 7 7
3 16 7
【解答】解:原式=− ×(− )×
5 7 8
6
= .
5
1 7 4 2
5.计算:(−4 )÷ ×(− )×(−1 ).
2 25 3 5
1 7 4 2
【解答】解:(−4 )÷ ×(− )×(−1 )
2 25 3 5
9 25 4 7
=− × ×(− )×(− )
2 7 3 5
=﹣30.
4 2 1
6.计算:(−1.5)× ÷(− )× .
5 5 4
3 4 5 1
【解答】解:原式= × × ×
2 5 2 4
3
= .
4
1 3
7.计算:25÷5×(− )÷(− ).
5 4
1 3
【解答】解:25÷5×(− )÷(− )
5 41 1 4
=25× × ×
5 5 3
1 4
=5× ×
5 3
4
= .
3
1 4 1
8.计算:3 ÷ ×1 .
3 9 3
10 4 4
【解答】解:原式= ÷ ×
3 9 3
10 9 4
= × ×
3 4 3
=10.
3 1
9.计算:25÷(− )÷(−5)× .
4 5
3 1
【解答】解:25÷(− )÷(−5)×
4 5
4 1
=25×(− )÷(−5)×
3 5
100 1 1
=− ×(− )×
3 5 5
20 1
= ×
3 5
4
= .
3
2 1 1 1
10.计算:( − + )÷(− )
9 4 18 36
2 1 1
【解答】解:原式=( − + )×(﹣36),
9 4 18
2 1 1
= ×(﹣36)− ×(﹣36)+ ×(﹣36),
9 4 18
=﹣8+9﹣2,
=﹣1.
4 5 3
11.计算: ×(− )÷(− ).
5 3 44 5 3
【解答】解: ×(− )÷(− )
5 3 4
4 5 4
= ×(− )×(− )
5 3 3
16
= .
9
3 4
12.计算:24÷(﹣6)× ÷(− ).
2 3
1 3 3
【解答】解:原式=24×(− )× ×(− )
6 2 4
1 3 3
=24× × ×
6 2 4
9
= .
2
5 3
13.计算:(−1.25)× ×(−8)÷(− ).
4 4
5 3
【解答】解:(−1.25)× ×(−8)÷(− )
4 4
5 5 4
=(− )× ×(﹣8)×(− )
4 4 3
50
=− .
3
2 3
14.计算:42×(− )+(− )÷(−0.25).
3 4
2 3
【解答】解:42×(− )+(− )÷(﹣0.25),
3 4
2 3
=﹣42× + ×4,
3 4
=﹣28+3,
=﹣25.
3 3 3
15.计算:(−3)÷(−1 )× ÷ .
4 4 7
7 3 7
【解答】解:原式=3÷ × ×
4 4 3
4 3 7
=3× × ×
7 4 3=3.
4 10 2
16.计算: ×(− )÷(− ).
5 3 3
4 10 2
【解答】解: ×(− )÷(− )
5 3 3
4 10 3
= × ×
5 3 2
=4.
1 4
17.计算:−81÷(− )× ÷(−16).
4 9
4 1
【解答】解:原式=−81×4× × =−9.
9 16
3 4
18.计算:(﹣54)÷ × ÷(﹣32).
4 3
4 4 1
【解答】解:原式=54× × ×
3 3 32
=3.
7 11 1 1
19.计算:45×(−25)× ×(− )÷ ×(−1 ).
8 15 4 7
7 11 1 1
【解答】解:45×(﹣25)× ×(− )÷ ×(﹣1 )
8 15 4 7
7 11 8
=﹣(45×25× × ×4× )
8 15 7
7 8 11
=﹣( × ×45× ×25×4)
8 7 15
=﹣3300.
3 2
20.计算:﹣56×(− )÷(﹣1 ).
8 5
3 5
【解答】解:原式=﹣56×(− )×(− )
8 7
=﹣15.
2 4 2 3
21.计算:(− )×(− )÷(﹣3 )÷ .
5 3 5 17
2 4 5 17
【解答】解:原式=− × × ×
5 3 17 38
=− .
9
1 1 3 1
22.计算:1 ×(−2 + )÷(−2 ).
3 2 4 3
4 5 3 7
【解答】解:原式= ×(− + )÷(− )
3 2 4 3
4 10 3 3
= ×(− + )×(− )
3 4 4 7
4 7 3
= ×(− )×(− )
3 4 7
=1.
25 10 15
23.计算: ÷|﹣10|×(− )÷(− ).
8 3 4
25 1 10 4
【解答】解:原式= × ×(− )×(− )
8 10 3 15
5
= .
18
7 1
24.计算:(﹣0.25)×(− )×4×(−18)÷(−2 ).
9 4
1 7 4
【解答】解:原式=(− )×(− )×4×(﹣18)×(− )
4 9 9
56
= .
9
1 1 2
25.计算:﹣45×2 ÷(﹣4 )×
4 2 9
9 2 2 1
【解答】解:原式=−45× ×(− )× =−45×(− )=5.
4 9 9 9
1 1 2
26.计算:−54×2 ÷(−4 )×(− ).
4 2 9
1 1 2
【解答】解:﹣54×2 ÷(﹣4 )×(− ),
4 2 9
9 9 2
=﹣54× ÷(− )×(− ),
4 2 9
9 2 2
=﹣54× × × ,
4 9 9
=﹣6.1 8
27.计算:−81÷2 −(− )÷(−16).
4 3
4 8 1
【解答】解:原式=﹣81× −(− )×(− )
9 3 16
1
=﹣36−
6
1
=﹣36 .
6
4 4 1 8
28.计算:(﹣7)÷ ×(− )÷(﹣2 )×1 .
11 19 3 11
11 4 3 19
【解答】解:原式=﹣7× × × ×
4 19 7 11
3 11 4 19
=﹣7× × × ×
7 4 19 11
=﹣3.
5 3 8
29.计算:8× ÷1 ×(﹣12)÷(− ).
6 7 13
5 7 13
【解答】解:原式=8× × ×12×
6 10 8
=91.
30.阅读下题解答:
1 2 3 7
计算:(− )÷( − + ).
24 3 4 8
分析:利用倒数的意义,先求出原式的倒数,再得原式的值.
2 3 7 1 2 3 7
解:( − + )÷(− )=( − + )×(﹣24)=﹣16+18﹣21=﹣19.
3 4 8 24 3 4 8
1
所以原式=− .
19
1 1 1 5 2 2
根据阅读材料提供的方法,完成下面的计算:(− )÷[ − + +(− ) ×(−6)].
42 2 3 7 3
1 1 5 2 1
【解答】解:根据题意得:[ − + +(− )2×(﹣6)]÷(− )
2 3 7 3 42
1 1 5 4
=[ − + + ×(﹣6)]×(﹣42)
2 3 7 9
=﹣21+14﹣30+112
=75,1
则原式= .
75
【类型6 含乘方的有理数混合运算60题】
1
1.计算:2×(−5)+22−3÷
.
2
【解答】解:原式=﹣10+4﹣3×2
=﹣10+4﹣6
=﹣12.
2.计算:23÷(﹣4)+(﹣1+5)×3.
【解答】解:23÷(﹣4)+(﹣1+5)×3
=8÷(﹣4)+4×3
=﹣2+12
=10.
2 1
3.计算:(﹣2)2+(﹣1﹣3)÷(− )+|− |×(﹣24).
3 16
3 1
【解答】解:原式=4﹣4×(− )+ ×(﹣16)=4+6﹣1=9.
2 16
1 2
4.计算:−32+(− ) −(−2) 3+|−2|.
2
1 2
【解答】解:−32+(− ) −(−2) 3+|−2|
2
1
=−9+ +8+2
4
=1.25.
1
5.计算:(−3) 2÷[2−(−7)]+6×(− ).
3
【解答】解:原式=9÷(2+7)﹣2
=9÷9﹣2
=1﹣2
=﹣1.
1
6.计算:(−2) 2+ ×(2−5)−(−3).
3
1
【解答】解:(−2) 2+ ×(2−5)−(−3)
31
=4+ ×(﹣3)+3
3
=4+(﹣1)+3
=6.
1
7.计算:(﹣1)2024− ×[6÷(﹣2)]2
4
1
【解答】解:原式=1− ×(﹣3)2
4
9
=1−
4
5
=− .
4
1 4 1
8.计算:( − )×30+|1− |×(−10) 2−12004 .
6 5 4
1 4 1
【解答】解::( − )×30+|1− |×(−10) 2−12004
6 5 4
1 4 1
= ×30− ×30+ ×100−1
6 5 4
=5﹣24+25﹣1
=5.
3 5 7 3
9.计算:[6−( + −1 )×24]÷(−22+2 ).
8 6 12 4
3 5 7 3
【解答】解:[6−( + −1 )×24]÷(−22+2 )
8 6 12 4
3 5 19 11
=[6−( ×24+ ×24− ×24)]÷(−4+ )
8 6 12 4
5
=[6−(9+20−38)]÷(− )
4
4
=15×(− )
5
=﹣12.
10.计算:﹣14+(﹣2)3÷4×[5﹣(﹣3)2].
【解答】解:原式=﹣1﹣8÷4×[5﹣9]
=﹣1﹣8÷4×(﹣4)
=﹣1+2×4=﹣1+8
=7.
12 5 1
11.计算:(−2) 3÷ −(−4)×( − ).
5 6 4
12 5 1
【解答】解:(−2) 3÷ −(−4)×( − )
5 6 4
5 10 3
=(﹣8)× +4×( − )
12 12 12
10 7
=− +4×
3 12
10 7
=− +
3 3
=﹣1.
12.计算:(﹣1)×3+23÷(4﹣2).
【解答】解:原式=(﹣1)×3+8÷2
=﹣3+4
=1.
13.计算:2×(﹣3)2﹣4×(﹣3)﹣15.
【解答】解:2×(﹣3)2﹣4×(﹣3)﹣15
=2×9﹣4×(﹣3)﹣15
=18+12+(﹣15)
=15.
1
14.计算:−22− ×[(−3) 3+3]−(−5).
3
1
【解答】解:−22− ×[(−3) 3+3]−(−5)
3
1
=﹣4− ×(﹣27+3)+5
3
1
=﹣4− ×(﹣24)+5
3
=﹣4+8+5
=9.
1
15.计算:﹣32﹣28÷(﹣7)×(− )2.
21 1
【解答】解:原式=﹣9+28× ×
7 4
=﹣9+1
=﹣8.
8 3
16.计算:−23÷ +|0.25− |.
3 8
8 3
【解答】解:−23÷ +|0.25− |
3 8
3 3
=﹣8× + −0.25
8 8
3
=﹣3+ −0.25
8
7
=﹣2 .
8
2 1
17.计算:−22−( − )×24.
3 4
2 1
【解答】解:−22−( − )×24
3 4
2 1
=﹣4− ×24+ ×24
3 4
=﹣4﹣16+6
=﹣14.
1 4
18.计算:−12024−(−3 )× +(−2) 3÷|−42+1|;
2 7
1 4
【解答】解:−12024−(−3 )× +(−2) 3÷|−42+1|
2 7
7 4
=−1−(− )× +(−8)÷|−16+1|
2 7
=﹣1﹣(﹣2)+(﹣8)÷|﹣15|
=﹣1+2+(﹣8)÷15
8
=−1+2+(− )
15
7
= .
15
19.计算:5÷[(﹣1)3﹣4]+32×(﹣1).【解答】解:原式=5÷(﹣1﹣4)+9×(﹣1)
=5÷(﹣5)+(﹣9)
=﹣1+(﹣9)
=﹣10.
2
20.计算:−32−(1−0.2÷ )×(−2).
5
1 5
【解答】解:原式=−9−(1− × )×(−2)
5 2
1 1
=−9−(1− )×(−2)=−9− ×(−2)
2 2
=﹣9+1
=﹣8.
2 1
21.计算:(−18)×[ −(− )]−22 .
3 2
2 1
【解答】解:(−18)×[ −(− )]−22
3 2
2 1
=(﹣18)× −(﹣18)×(− )﹣4
3 2
=(﹣12)﹣9﹣4
=﹣25.
9 1
22.计算:−14÷(−3) 2×(− )−| −2|.
2 2
9 1
【解答】解:−14÷(−3) 2×(− )−| −2|
2 2
9 3
=﹣1÷9×(− )−
2 2
1 9 3
=− ×(− )−
9 2 2
1 3
= −
2 2
=﹣1.
9 1 2 2
23.计算:−52÷1 −(1 )×(− ) .
16 8 3
9 1 2 2
【解答】解:−52÷1 −(1 )×(− )
16 8 316 9 4
=﹣25× − ×
25 8 9
1
=﹣16−
2
33
=− .
2
11 3 1 1
24.计算:(− + )×(−42 )+(2 )÷(−3 );
12 4 3 2
11 3 1 1
【解答】解:(− + )×(−42 )+(2 )÷(−3 )
12 4 3 2
11 9 7 2
=(− + )×(﹣16)+ ×(− )
12 12 3 7
2 2
=(− )×(﹣16)+(− )
12 3
8 2
= +(− )
3 3
=2.
1
25.计算:(−1) 4+ ×[−23−9÷(−3)].
3
1
【解答】解:(−1) 4+ ×[−23−9÷(−3)]
3
1
=1+ ×(﹣8+3)
3
1
=1+ ×(﹣5)
3
5
=1+(− )
3
2
=− .
3
1
26.计算:−42+2×(−3) 2−6÷(−
).
4
1
【解答】解:−42+2×(−3) 2−6÷(−
)
4
=﹣16+2×9+6×4
=﹣16+18+24
=26.1
27.计算:−52−[−4−(1+ ÷0.2)÷(−2)].
5
【解答】解:原式=﹣25﹣[﹣4﹣(1+1)÷(﹣2)]
=﹣25﹣(﹣4+1)
=﹣25+3
=﹣22.
1
28.计算:1÷(−8)+( ) 3×3.3−0.125×(−7.7).
2
1 1 1
【解答】解:原式=1×(− )+ ×3.3+ ×7.7
8 8 8
1
= ×(﹣1+3.3+7.7)
8
1
= ×10
8
=1.25.
1 2 1 3
29.计算:−32−(−1 )× −6÷|− | .
2 3 3
1 2 1 3
【解答】解:−32−(−1 )× −6÷|− |
2 3 3
3 2 1
=−9−(− )× −6÷
2 3 27
=﹣9+1﹣162
=﹣170.
1 2 1
30.计算:6× −(0.5) 2−|2 −3 |.
8 3 2
3 1 5
【解答】解:原式= − −|− |
4 4 6
1 5
= −
2 6
1
=− .
3
1 2
31.计算:−12−[(−0.5) 2÷1 −1]×(−1 ).
4 3
1 2
【解答】解:−12−[(−0.5) 2÷1 −1]×(−1 )
4 31 5 5
=−1−( ÷ −1)×(− )
4 4 3
1 4 5
=−1−( × −1)×(− )
4 5 3
4 5
=−1−(− )×(− )
5 3
4
=−1−
3
7
=− .
3
1
32.计算:−22×|− |+8÷(−2) 3 .
2
1
【解答】解:原式=﹣4× +8÷(﹣8)
2
=﹣2﹣1
=﹣3.
1 1
33.计算:− ×[−52+3÷(− ) 2 ]−1.52 .
5 3
1
【解答】解:原式=− ×(﹣25+3×9)﹣2.25
5
1
=− ×2﹣2.25
5
=﹣0.4﹣2.25
=﹣2.65.
1 1
34.计算:−14÷3× − ×|2−(−3) 2|.
3 9
1 1 1
【解答】解:原式=﹣1× × − ×|2﹣9|
3 3 9
1 1
=− − ×7
9 9
1 7
=− −
9 9
8
=− .
9
3 1
35.计算:(−5) 3×(− )+32÷(−22 )×(−1 ).
5 43 1
【解答】解:(−5) 3×(− )+32÷(−22 )×(−1 )
5 4
3 5
=(﹣125)×(− )+32÷(﹣4)×(− )
5 4
5
=75+(﹣8)×(− )
4
=75+10
=85.
1 7 1
36.计算:−24−(−4 +2+ )÷(− ) 3 .
3 9 3
14 1
【解答】解:原式=﹣16﹣(− )÷(− )
9 27
14
=﹣16− ×27
9
=﹣16﹣42
=﹣58.
1 3 3
37.计算:−12024+(−1 ) 3÷ −|0.25− |.
2 4 8
3 4 2 3
【解答】解:原式=﹣1+(− )3× −| − |
2 3 8 8
27 4 1
=﹣1− × −
8 3 8
36 1
=﹣1− −
8 8
45
=− .
8
1
38.计算:−22−[(1− ×0.6)+(−0.2) 2−4].
5
1
【解答】解:−22−[(1− ×0.6)+(−0.2) 2−4]
5
3 1
=﹣4﹣[(1− )+ −4]
25 25
22 1
=﹣4﹣( + −4)
25 25
22 1
=﹣4− − +4
25 2523
=− .
25
39.计算:﹣12024+|2﹣5|﹣16÷(﹣2)3.
【解答】解:﹣12024+|2﹣5|﹣16÷(﹣2)3
=﹣1+3﹣16÷(﹣8)
=﹣1+3+2
=4.
2 5
40.计算:﹣22﹣[3﹣(﹣1)2023]÷(− )× .
5 2
5 5
【解答】解:原式=﹣4﹣(3+1)×(− )×
2 2
5 5
=﹣4﹣4×(− )×
2 2
=﹣4+25
=21.
2 5 5 2
41.计算:[ ×|− |−(− )÷ ]÷(−5) 2 .
3 4 9 3
2 5 5 2
【解答】解:[ ×|− |−(− )÷ ]÷(−5) 2
3 4 9 3
2 5 5 3
=( × + × )÷25
3 4 9 2
5 5 1
=( + )×
6 6 25
10 1
= ×
6 25
1
= .
15
1
42.计算:−42×| −1|−(−5)+2.
2
1
【解答】解:−42×| −1|−(−5)+2
2
1
=﹣16× +5+2
2
=﹣8+5+2
=﹣1.4 8
43.计算:−32−[−3× − ÷(−2) 3 ].
9 3
4 8
【解答】解:−32−[−3× − ÷(−2) 3 ]
9 3
4 8 1
=﹣32﹣[﹣3× − ×(− )]
9 3 8
4 1
=﹣32﹣(﹣3× + )
9 3
4 1
=﹣32﹣(− + )
3 3
=﹣32﹣(﹣1)
=﹣9+1
=﹣8.
1
44.计算:﹣12024+(﹣12)×| |﹣6÷(﹣1).
2
1
【解答】解:﹣12024+(﹣12)×| |﹣6÷(﹣1)
2
1
=﹣1+(﹣12)× +6
2
=﹣1+(﹣6)+6
=﹣1.
3 2
45.计算:8× +4÷(− )+(−2) 2 .
4 3
3 2
【解答】解:8× +4÷(− )+(−2) 2
4 3
3 3
=8× +4×(− )+4
4 2
=6+(﹣6)+4
=4.
2 1
46.计算:(−6)×( − )−(−2) 3+(−2)×0−|−4|.
3 2
2 1
【解答】解:(−6)×( − )−(−2) 3+(−2)×0−|−4|
3 2
1
=(﹣6)× −(﹣8)+0﹣4
6=﹣1+8+0+(﹣4)
=3.
1 2 9
47.计算:−32+(1 ) × −(−3.2)÷0.4.
3 4
16 9
【解答】解:原式=−9+ × −(−8),
9 4
=﹣9+4+8,
=3.
1
48.计算:−13−(1−3)+ ×[(−2) 2−6].
3
1
【解答】解:原式=﹣1﹣(﹣2)+ ×(4﹣6)
3
1
=﹣1+2+ ×(﹣2)
3
2
=1−
3
1
= .
3
1 1
49.计算:(−2) 3− ×5− ×(−32 ).
6 6
1 1
【解答】解:(−2) 3− ×5− ×(−32 )
6 6
5 1
=﹣8− − ×(﹣9)
6 6
5 3
=﹣8− +
6 2
22
=− .
3
1
50.计算:(﹣1)2024﹣(﹣4+2)2÷(− ).
12
1
【解答】解:(﹣1)2024﹣(﹣4+2)2÷(− )
12
=1﹣4×(﹣12)
=1+48
=49.1 1 1
51.计算:( +1 −1.25)÷(− )−(−1) 2024 .
8 3 24
1 4 5
【解答】解:原式=( + − )×(﹣24)﹣1
8 3 4
1 4 5
= ×(﹣24)+ ×(﹣24)− ×(﹣24)﹣1
8 3 4
=﹣3﹣32+30﹣1
=﹣6.
1
52.计算:(−3) 4÷[2−(−7)]+4×( −1).
2
1
【解答】解:(−3) 4÷[2−(−7)]+4×( −1)
2
1
=81÷9+4×(− )
2
=9+(﹣2)
=7.
2 4 3
53.计算:﹣32﹣|﹣1|101+(﹣2)3× ÷(− )× .
3 3 4
2 4 3
【解答】解:﹣32﹣|﹣1|101+(﹣2)3× ÷(− )×
3 3 4
2 3 3
=﹣9﹣1+(﹣8)× ×(− )×
3 4 4
=﹣9﹣1+3
=﹣7.
1
54.计算:−14+3×(− −1)+|﹣6|.
3
4
【解答】解:原式=﹣1+3×(− )+6
3
=﹣1﹣4+6
=1.
1
55.计算:2−[1−(1−0.5× )]×[2−(−3) 2 ]−22 .
3
1
【解答】解:原式=2−[1−(1− )]×(2−9)−4
65
=2−[1− ]×(−7)−4
6
1
=2− ×(−7)−4
6
7
=2+ −4
6
5
=− .
6
1 1 1
56.计算:(− ) 2×8−(−12)÷2×| − |+(−1) 2023 .
2 3 2
1 1
【解答】解:原式= ×8﹣(﹣6)× −1
4 6
=2+1﹣1
=3﹣1
=2.
1 1
57.计算:﹣12024+(﹣2)3+|2﹣5|−6×( − ).
2 3
1 1
【解答】解:﹣12024+(﹣2)3+|2﹣5|−6×( − )
2 3
1
=﹣1+(﹣8)+3﹣6×
6
=﹣1+(﹣8)+3﹣1
=﹣7.
1
58.计算:12÷(−2) 3−(− ) 3×(−6)+2.5.
2
1
【解答】解:12÷(−2) 3−(− ) 3×(−6)+2.5
2
1
=12÷(﹣8)﹣(− )×(﹣6)+2.5
8
3 3 5
=− − +
2 4 2
1
= .
4
1
59.计算:(−1) 2023−18×(− ) 2+6÷|−2|.
31
【解答】解:(−1) 2023−18×(− ) 2+6÷|−2|
3
1
=−1−18× +6÷2
9
=﹣1﹣2+3
=0.
1
60.计算:−12024−(1−0.5)× ×|3−(−3) 2|.
3
1
【解答】解:−12024−(1−0.5)× ×|3−(−3) 2|
3
1 1
=−1− × ×6
2 3
=﹣1﹣1
=﹣2.