Unit4 Space Exploration
短语
1.mental adj.精神的；思想的→mentally adv.心理上地；精神上地→physical adj.身体的；物理的
→physically adv. 身体上
2.universe n.宇宙→ universal adj.普遍的;全世
3.intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的→intelligently adv.聪明地；明智地→intelligence n.智力；才智
4.curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的；稀奇的；不寻常的→curiosity n.好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地
5.relate vt.联系；讲述→related adj.相关的→relation n.关系；亲属→relationship n.（人际）关系
6.determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determine vt.决定；确定→determination n.决定；决心
7.transmit vt.&vi. (transmitted, transmitted)传输→transmission n.传播→transmitter n.发射台；传播者
8.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n.失望；沮丧
→disappiont v. 使失望
9.desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desirable adj.令人向往的；值得拥有的
10.lack v.& n.缺少→lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的
11.argue vi.& vt.论证；争辩；争论→argument n.论证；论据；争吵
12.attach vt.附上；系上；认为有重要性→attachment n.附件；喜爱；连接→attached adj.喜爱的；附属的
13.agency n.专门机构；代理处→agent n.代理人，代理商；经纪人
14.independent adj.独立的；自立的→independently adv.独立地→dependent adj.依赖的；→dependently adv.
依赖地→independence n.独立；自主 →dependence n.依赖；依靠→depend v.依赖；依靠
15.recycle vt.回收利用→recycling n.回收利用→recyclable adj.可回收的
16.current adj.当前的；现在的 ; 流行的 n.水流；电流；流行 →currently adv.目前；当前→currency n.货
币
17.sufficient adj.足够的；充足的→sufficiency n.充足→insufficient adj.不足的;不充分的;不够重要的
18.globe n.地球；地球仪→global adj. 全球的
19.analysis n.分析 复数：analyses→analyse v.分析
20.regular adj.定期的;经常的;正常的→regularly adv.经常；定期地→irregular adj不规律的
21.limited adj.有限的→limitless / unlimited adj.无限的,无尽的→limit v.限制;n.限制→limitation n.限制
22.mystery n.神秘→mysterious adj.神秘的
短语
1.look up at 抬头仰望 look up to sb尊敬.../ look down upon sb 瞧不起...Look into 调查研究 look out 小心，当心
2.carry sb/sth into space 将...送入太空
3.find out the secrets of the universe 探寻宇宙的秘密
4.be suitable enough to support life 能够维持生命存在
5.be determined to do sth 下定决心去做某事=decide to do... do sth with determination
Make up one’s mind to do
6.realise one’s dream 实现某人的梦想
7.succeeded in doing sth 成功的做了某事 manage to do sth
8.go into space 进入太空
9.step onto the moon 踏上月球
10.carry on space exploration 继续太空探索
11.on board 在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上
12. make great progress 取得很大进步
13. in a short time 在很短时间内
14. in the hope of doing sth抱着……的希望
15. so as to (do sth)为了;以便 = in order to do sth
16. solar system 太阳系;类太阳系
17. figure out 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白
18. make a difference (to)... 起(重要)作用=play an important role in.../ have a... effect on...
19. result in 导致;造成 result from 因....而起
20. as a result=therefore 所以;结果(是) as a result of 因为...=because of
21. provide sth for sb 提供生活所需 =provide sb with sth
22. in closing 最后=at last =finally/eventually
23. run out 用完;耗尽 sb run out of sth
24 attach great importance to ....认为... 很重要
25 be keen on doing sth/ be keen to do sth 热衷于做...,渴望做...
句式
1．Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became
the first person in the world to go into space.
后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
2．These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed，but the desire to explore the universe never died.
这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。3．Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the
universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.
尽管有许多困难，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，而且还能帮助我们更好
地生存到未来。
4．Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off
otherwise.
宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有的东西粘在一起，否则所有的东西都会漂走。
5．Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve.
把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。
教材话题题型综合训练
词性转换（一）
1．other（其他的）+wise（按……某种方式）→ adv. 否则；另外
2．helicopterist n. 直升机驾驶员→ n. [航] 直升飞机
3．mid（中间的；中央的）+night（夜晚）→ n. 午夜
4．threaten vt. 威胁；恐吓→ n. 威胁，恐吓
5．propertyless adj. 无财产的→ n. 性质，性能；财产
6．sufficient adj. 足够的，充足的→ adv. 足够地，充足地
7．sheltery adj. 庇护的，遮盖的→ n. 庇护；避难所
8． n. 样本，样品→vt. 品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查
9． n. 估计，估算→vt. 估计，估算
10． vt. 造成，引起，产生（问题、危险、困难等）→n. （为画像、拍照等而摆的）姿势，姿态
11．base（基础)）+line（线）→ n. （医学或科学中的）基线，准线
12．wide（广泛地）+spread（传播）→ adj. 分布广的，广泛流传的
13．out（出来）+break（突破）→ n. （战争）爆发；（疾病）暴发，突然发生
14．under（在……下面）+line（线）→ vt. 强调，使突出；在……之下画线
词性转换（二）
15．complete adj.完全的；彻底的 vt.完成，结束→ n．完成，结束
16．harmony n．融洽相处，和谐→ adj.(关系)和睦的，和谐的；协调的
17．harm v．伤害，损害→ adj.有害的→ adj.无害的
18．agriculture n．农业→ adj.(与)农业(有关)的
19．beauty n．美，美丽→ adj.美丽的20．narrow adj.狭窄的，不宽的→ adv.狭窄地；勉强地
21．limit v．限制；限定；使限于 n．界限；限定；范围→ adj.有限的→ n．限制，局
限
22．benefit n．好处，益处→ adj.有益的，有利的
23．pleasure n. 愉快；快乐→ adj.令人愉快的
24．energy n．力量，活力→ adj.精力充沛的
词性转换（三）
25．rely v.依靠→ adj.可信赖的，可靠的
26．emergent adj.紧急的→ n.突发事件；紧急情况
27．exceptional adj.杰出的，卓越的；特别的→ adv.极其，非常
28．threat n.威胁；可能带来威胁的人（事）→ v.威胁到，危及
29．precise adj.精确的，准确的→ adv.精确地，准确地
30．claimant n. 原告；[贸易] 索赔人；提出要求者→ vt.要求；声称
31．satellitic adj. 卫星的→ n.卫星
32．billionaire n. 亿万富翁→ n. 十亿；大量
词性转换（四）
33． adj.健康的 n.健康；健壮；适合→ adj.不健康的
34． v.主办；主持n.主人；东道主；节目主持人→ n. 女主人；女主人
35． n.运动员；运动健儿→ adj.健壮的；体育运动的
36． n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→ adj. 可敬的；值得尊敬的→ adj.荣幸的
37． v.决定；下定决心；确定→ n.决心；决定→ adj.坚定的；下定决心
的
38． vt.使受伤；损害→ adj.受伤的；有伤的→ n.伤害；损伤
39． n.力量；体力→ vt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强→ adj.强壮的；坚
强的
40． vt.失败；未能(做到)；不及格→ n.失败；失败的人(或事物)
完成句子
41．After Shenzhen became a special economic zone in 1980, people from all over China went to the city
(去寻找成功致富之路).
42． (继续) walking until you get to the crossroads, and turn left.
43． (摆脱，丢弃，扔掉) the stress and worries, the girl practiced yoga and found some inner peace.44．Their money (用完了), so they had to make an effort to find a solution.
45．The men were soon very tired and their food (用完;耗尽).
46．We need some new people （注入活力）this project.
47．Then they can help shop owners (弥补销售损失) during the COVID-19 lockdown.
48．Is this a good place (搭建帐篷)?
49．Why don’t you ask your son (帮你搬较重的箱子)?
50．I’ve had a lot of chances （去北京旅游）
阅读理解
The idea for China’s space program was put forward in 1956 by Qian Xuesen, a pioneer in Chinese rocket
science. Following full preparation, the manned Shenzhou program began in 1992, and in 2003, the first Chinese
astronaut, Yang Liwei, took adventure into space. In 2007, the lunar orbiter Chang’e-1 was launched, followed by
the experimental manned space station Tiangong-1 in 2011.
In 2019, Chang’e-4 achieved a soft landing on the lunar far side, marking the first successful soft landing by
humans in that area. A “soft” landing is one where the spacecraft lands in a controlled way, and gets no damage.
Twelve hours later, the small Yutu-2 was let go. To understand why Chang’e-4’s soft landing was such an
achievement, consider the difficulty of any space mission, especially one to the far side of the moon. While the far
side of the moon is often called the dark side of the moon, it is not really dark.
The main challenge of landing on the moon’s far side is communication, as there is no direct line of sight to
Earth, making radio communication with spacecraft there typically impossible. Chinese engineers designed a
unique solution to this problem. Before Chang’e-4’s mission, they sent the Queqiao communications satellite into
space. When engineers needed to communicate with Chang’e-4 and Yutu-2, they could send radio messages to
Queqiao. The messages would then be sent from the satellite down to the Lander. This allowed for contact between
Earth and the far side of the moon.
One of Chang’e-4’s experiments aimed to test a closed ecological (生态的) system, important for space
missions. In this system, plants produce food and oxygen for fruit flies, while the fruit flies produce CO₂ for the
plants. This experiment worked for nine days, but it had to be stopped when the temperatures dropped
below-52°C．
China’s space program has achieved significant milestones, from the manned Shenzhou program to the
successful soft landing of Chang’e-4 on the lunar far side. These achievements reflect China’s growing progress in
space exploration.
51．Why was the Chang’e-4’s soft landing on the lunar far side important?A．It found evidence of water on the moon.
B．It discovered a new type of rock formation.
C．It established an everlasting base for future missions.
D．It marked a significant milestone in China’s space exploration.
52．How did Chinese engineers solve the communication problem with Chang’e-4?
A．They used a special radio wave.
B．They set up large equipment on the moon.
C．They used a network of ground-based stations.
D．They sent a communications satellite into space.
53．What challenge did the closed ecological system experiment face?
A．Lack of sunlight. B．Equipment failure.
C．Extreme temperatures. D．Shortage of oxygen supply.
54．What is the author’s attitude to China’s achievements in space exploration?
A．Positive. B．Indifferent. C．Unclear. D．Doubtful.
七选五
It sounds like something from the field of science fiction — a space exploration into vast outer space,
heading towards the Red Planet While we’re not quite ready to put a person on it, the question we ask today is: 55
The space race saw the USSR (the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) and USA compete to achieve firsts
in spaceflight. The USSR released Sputnik 1, an artificial satellite, before anyone else, 56 Now it appears that
Mars is the body of desire. While to be the first nation to land on it is an obvious draw, there are other reasons why
we want to get there.
57 You only have to look at the fossils of the dinosaurs to see the benefit of finding another habitable
planet. While Mars doesn’t have the right conditions to call it home just yet, there's always the concept of
terraforming-changing the environment of a planet to suit our needs.
However, not everyone agrees. Leading astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson has said the concept of changing
habitability of a planet is not always practical. 58
It seems that the main reason at the moment is the search for alien (外星的) life. 59 Now seemingly
dead, the potential fossils could answer questions about our own evolution and that of our planet. One theory is that
bacterial life on our planet didn't start here, but was brought here via asteroid from Mars.
A．and the US landed on the moon first.
B．Instead, it makes no sense when we can simply terraform Earth because of the damage we have done to it.C．One of these could be the survival of our species.
D．Why are so many countries interested in going to Mars?
E．It has been believed that, at one time, a certain form of life did exist in this red planet.
F．Surely inspiring a new generation to visit the stars is reasonable enough.
G．May landing on Mars inspire more people to become interested in exploring space?
完形填空
A wise man was passing through a city. While he was walking, he 60 a coin on the road. He picked it
up. Despite his simple life, he was satisfied and he had no use of that coin. So, he planned to donate it. 61 ,
throughout the day he didn’t find such a person. Finally, he reached the 62 area and spent a night there.
Next morning, he 63 and was told that a king was going for his invasion of another state with his
army. When the king saw the wise man, he 64 his army to stop. He came to the wise man and said, ”I am
going to beat another 65 . Thus, my state can be 66 . So bless me to be victorious. ”
After 67 , the wise man gave the coin to the king！The king was confused with this because he is
already one of the richest kings! He 68 asked, “What’s the meaning？”
The wise man explained, ”I found this coin yesterday in your 69 . But I had no use. So I had 70
that I would donate it. I walked around till the evening, but found no one to donate it to.
Everyone was living a 71 life. It seemed that they were satisfied with what they had. But today, the
king of this state, still has the desire to 72 more and is not satisfied with what he already has. I feel you are
73 this coin. ”
The king realized his 74 and gave up the planned war.
60．A．noticed B．lost C．spent D．dropped
61．A．Thus B．Besides C．However D．Therefore
62．A．dining B．waiting C．walking D．resting
63．A．woke up B．looked up C．stayed up D．dressed up
64．A．hoped B．allowed C．ordered D．advised
65．A．tribe B．state C．city D．king
66．A．expanded B．respected C．developed D．blamed
67．A．consulting B．thinking C．chatting D．bargaining
68．A．nervously B．curiously C．eagerly D．angrily
69．A．city B．palace C．house D．backyard
70．A．agreed B．announced C．informed D．decided71．A．happy B．hard C．convenient D．different
72．A．defend B．gain C．earn D．borrow
73．A．in possession of B．in search of C．in need of D．in charge of
74．A．achievement B．dream C．existence D．mistake
单句语法填空
75．We recognise him (be) a hard-working person.
76． I studied all night, only (discover) in the morning that I had forgotten that the exam was delayed.
77．The next two movements are full of desperate lows and uplifting highs which perhaps reflect both his
suffering and his strong will (fight) it.
78．They arrived at the airport, only (find) the flight had been canceled due to the snowstorm.
79．We rushed to the airport only (tell) that the plane had just taken off.
80．The building project (carry) out next year is, I think, not easy to complete in time.
81．In history, Beijing 2022 is the first Games where all venues (场地) are powered by clean energy and Beijing
is the first city in the world (host) both the Summer and Winter Games.
82．The bridge (build) next year was designed by a local company.
83．Although Liu’s dance moves look simple, they are often too intense for his audience (follow)．
84．More subways are being built in Nanjing (make) it more convenient for people to travel from
one place to another.
85．After the victory in 2015 World Cup, Lang Ping (determine) to lead the team to the Olympic
gold in Brazil.
86．After a spacecraft is launched, what we should do first is (make)sure it goes in the right orbit.
87．You’ll want to look back on your journey (see) how far you’ve come.
88．He got on board the (electricity) vehicle and went downtown to buy some high-end products.
语篇填空
“The astronaut” had for a long time seemed “sacred and distant” to Gui Haichao until the researcher became
a member of the Astronaut Center of China.
In 2005, Gui became a student at the School of Astronautics under Beihang University, 89 (major) in
spacecraft design and engineering. In the following years, Gui continued his study and graduated in the summer of
2014 with a doctor’s degree. The young researcher then spent two years in a post-doctoral program at York
University in Toronto, after 90 he returned to Beihang to teach. In the spring of 2018, Gui and his
colleagues 91 (tell) that China’s manned space authorities had decided to select the third batch ofastronauts. Gui has been a fan of space 92 (explore) and sometimes dreamed about doing his research in
space, 93 he immediately filled in the application form. After 94 (round) of physical checks and
professional tests, Gui succeeded.
Gui once told one of his friends 95 (private) that the physical training at the astronaut center was
intense and demanding and posed 96 huge challenge to him. But he didn’t quit the training and managed to
pass all tests. Thanks 97 his hard work, Gui progressed rapidly in every training course and was chosen for
the Shenzhou XVI mission to become the first civilian and scientist in this country 98 (travel) in orbit.
应用文写作
假定你是李华，上周三你们学校组织观看了中国的太空授课，恰巧你的美国朋友Jim发来邮件和你讨论太
空探索（space exploration）的话题。请你给他回封邮件，谈谈你的感受。内容包括：
1.观看的方式及感受；
2.太空授课的意义。
注意: 1.词数应为80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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Yours,
