7 选5+阅读理解组合练（02）
考试时间：50 分钟 满分：50 每小题2.5 分 得分：
1.阅读理解
A
体裁：应用文 字数：381 话题：志愿者网站介绍
Last August, city officials interviewed about 500 residents to find out people’s attitudes to protecting the
environment and what actions they had taken. Here are the results:
As the diagram showed, the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is
as high as 96%. Very few (4%) felt it was not necessary to help protect the necessary. More than half of those who
took part in the survey had done four of the five activities in the past month. Around 90% had tried to recycle waste
such as glass, metal and paper, and more than two thirds (70%) had tried to cut back on the use of disposable
packaging, such as plastic honey bottles, and butter and yogurt containers. Also, the majority of residents had
cycled or walked.
Unfortunately, not as many who took part had taken action to save water and energy in their homes. Just
under 40% (38%) tried to save water when they were washing dishes or taking showers. Just over half (51%) tried
to save energy by reducing the use of air conditioning or turning off lights.
To sum up, it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
Most of them tried to recycle waste, ride bikes or walk, and reduce the use of disposable packaging. However, not
as many were saving water and energy. This indicates that the residents needed to pay more attention to these two
activities.
1．The residents interviewed in the survey were ________ .
A．15 years of age and older
B．from the countryside
C．important city officials
D．less than 15 years old
2．What percentage of residents tried to reduce the use of air conditioning or light?
A．38%.
B．51%.
C．70%.
D．90%.
3．What is the main recommendation implied by the author in the conclusion?
A．The survey should be repeated with more participants.
B．Recycling programs should be expanded further.
C．More effort should be focused on conserving water and energy at home.
D．Walking and cycling infrastructure needs immediate improvement.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章结合了调查研究结果与数据图表，呈现和分析了居民群体在环保态度及行
为方面的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据图表下方“It involved 496 city residents (15 years of age and older).(它让496 位城市居
民参与其中（15 岁以及以上）)”可知，调查参与的居民是15 岁及以上。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Just over half (51%) tried to save energy by reducing the use of air
conditioning or turning off lights.(略多于一半（51%）的人试图通过减少空调使用或关灯来节约能源。)”可知，
通过减少空调使用或关灯来节约能源的居民比例是51%。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, not as many were saving water and energy. This indicates that the
residents needed to pay more attention to these two activities.(然而，节约水和能源的人数并没有这么多。这表
明居民需要更关注这两项活动。)”可知，作者的主要建议是应更多关注家庭节水节能。故选C。
B
体裁：记叙文 字数：368 话题：读书方式
I’m a child of traditional book reading. I used to go through one book continuously from beginning to end,
taking notes and highlighting passages I like, not in one seating of course. Then on to the next book. It was a slow
but deeper way to absorb a book.
When I landed a job, most of my tasks involved reading a lot for projects. Evelyn Wood’s Speed Reading
lessons helped me breeze through my reading requirements. But if a book really interested me, I would switch to
my slow reading mode, but still one book at a time.
Nowadays I have acquired this habit of multiple book reading, jumping from book to book without finishing
one book first. Half an hour on one book, then another book in the next half. Three books at home, and another
three in the office. I also have e-books. Have you seen Jumper, a movie where the hero has the ability to instantly
transport himself to any place or time? So it’s like jumping between books without staying too long in one. You can
move from world to world: Quantum physics now, renaissance time next. From person to person: Lawrence of
Arab now, then Thomas More. You have in your hands the ability to change the scene on a whim (一时兴起), so
you never get bored.
It’s like a buffet in front of you. A variety and contrast of the food items on your plate awakens your taste
buds and even results in new dish mixture. Multiple book reading helps “spice up things”. You can take a little from
every plate of food and then nibble on each dish alternately. Sometimes, I unconsciously mix some of the dishes
and the improvised mixing can create something surprisingly delicious.
So far, I’ve kind of gotten the hang of juggling multiple books I can stop at any point and switch to slow
mode if something really catches my interest. In fact, new research finds that “mixing it up”, a learning process
called “Interlearning” that involves alternating between topics during one study session, produces dramatic and
long-lasting learning benefits. If this is true, then my reading evolution has been in the right direction all along.
4．What was the author’s way of reading books in the past?
A．skipping through books randomly.
B．Reading one book straight through.
C．Reading several books in one seating.
D．Using speed-reading methods constantly.
5．Why does the author enjoy multiple book reading?
A．It offers the author variety and new insights.
B．It meets the author’s job requirements better.
C．It allows the author to change his ability at will.D．It enables in-depth understanding of each book.
6．Why is the new research mentioned in the last paragraph?
A．To prove the benefits of multiple-book reading.
B．To question the value of slow-reading practices.
C．To show the academic advantages of “interlearning”.
D．To persuade readers to adopt multiple-book reading.
7．What can be the best title for this passage?
A．My Experience of Speed Reading.
B．My Evolution As a Book Reader.
C．Single vs Multiple: A Reader’s Dilemma. D．Depth vs Variety: A Reader’s Crossroads.
【答案】4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者读书方式的演变，从过去的逐本精读，到后来结合快
速阅读和慢读，再到如今的多本书同时阅读，并阐述了这种阅读方式的优势，还结合新研究说明其学习益
处。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m a child of traditional book reading. I used to go through one book
continuously from beginning to end, taking notes and highlighting passages I like, not in one seating of course.(我
从小就习惯于传统的阅读方式。过去我常常会从头到尾持续读完一本书，还会做笔记并标出喜欢的段落，
当然并不是一次就全部读完)”可知，作者过去是从头至尾连续读一本书。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“It’s like a buffet in front of you. A variety and contrast of the food items on your
plate awakens your taste buds and even results in new dish mixture. Multiple book reading helps “spice up things”.
You can take a little from every plate of food and then nibble on each dish alternately. Sometimes, I unconsciously
mix some of the dishes and the improvised mixing can create something surprisingly delicious.(这就像摆在你面前
的一场盛宴。盘中的各种各样的食物激发了你的味蕾，甚至还会让你创造出新的搭配组合。多次阅读书籍
有助于“增添趣味”。你可以从每盘食物中取一点，然后依次品尝每道菜。有时，我会不自觉地将一些菜
肴混合在一起，这种即兴的搭配可能会创造出令人惊喜的美味佳肴)”可知，多本书阅读能给作者带来多样
性和新见解，避免无聊。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So far, I’ve kind of gotten the hang of juggling multiple books I can stop at any
point and switch to slow mode if something really catches my interest. In fact, new research finds that “mixing it
up”, a learning process called “Interlearning” that involves alternating between topics during one study session,
produces dramatic and long-lasting learning benefits. If this is true, then my reading evolution has been in the right
direction all along.(到目前为止，我已经掌握了同时阅读多本书籍的技巧。在任何时刻我都可以停下来，切
换到慢速阅读模式，如果有什么内容特别吸引我的话。事实上，新的研究发现，“混合学习”——一种被
称为“交叉学习”的学习过程，即在一个学习时段内交替涉及不同的主题——会产生显著且持久的学习效
果。如果这是真的，那么我的阅读进步方向一直都是正确的)”可知，提及该研究是为了证明多本书阅读的
益处，故选A。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“I’m a child of traditional book reading.(我从小就习惯于传统的阅读方式)”、第
二段“When I landed a job, most of my tasks involved reading a lot for projects.(当我找到这份工作后，我的大
部分工作内容就是为项目大量阅读资料)”、第三段“Nowadays I have acquired this habit of multiple book
reading, jumping from book to book without finishing one book first.(如今我已经养成了这种边读多本书边不先
读完一本书就直接跳到下一本的习惯)”以及文章围绕作者从传统读书方式到多本书阅读的演变展开，B 选
项“我作为读书人的成长历程”最符合文章标题，故选B。
C
体裁：说明文 字数：331 话题：被监视对人们行为和认知等方面的影响
In 1785, English philosopher Jeremy Bentham designed a perfect castle where rooms circle a tower, from
which an unseen guard can observe any people at will. People have to assume they’re constantly observed and
behave accordingly. The secret of the castle control: the people have internalized the surveillance ( 监控)
mechanism themselves. Bentham’s design feels so relevant in our digital age of algorithms ( 算法) and social
media, when we frequently feel watched, with no way to escape.
How being watched affects us is the first topic that has been studied in psychology. Decades of studies have
shown that we behave differently when we are watched. On a conscious level, we become more prosocial, meaning
we’re more likely to give and less likely to cheat or litter. Even theft or littering could be reduced merely by posting
pictures of eyes. Seymour, a psychologist from the University of Technology Sydney, puts this down to our concern
with reputation and social consequences. This led to the idea that surveillance could be used for social good,
echoing Bentham’s methods.
Being watched also affects cognitive ( 认知) functions, but negatively. One study found that participants
performed worse on a working memory task with people looking at them — a direct gaze grabs participants’
attention and distracts them from a given task. A series of experiments have demonstrated that bringing more
surveillance into workplaces or educational settings — usually an attempt to boost productivity — could actually
be counterproductive.
Surveillance profoundly impacts our brain’s unconscious processing. Seymour says it makes our social
thinking and survival instincts work too hard. This makes us worry about everyone’s mental health. Always being
watched makes us more aware of people around us, keeping us on edge and ready to act. “We didn’t have as much
surveillance and social connection 50 years ago, so it’s a new societal context we’re adapting to. We need to find
ways to balance the benefits of connectivity with the drawbacks of constant surveillance,” Seymour remarks.
8．Why does the author mention the castle in the first paragraph?
A．To express his respect to Bentham.
B．To explain a concept of psychology.
C．To illustrate its working mechanism.
D．To present a picture of surveillance.
9．What urges people to become more prosocial?
A．Their desire to keep a good image.
B．Their trust from the family.
C．Their attachment to the community.
D．Their concern with education.
10．The word “counterproductive” in paragraph 3 most likely means ________.
A．highly efficient
B．producing the opposite of the desired result
C．difficult to implement
D．increasing in popularity
11．What does Seymour suggest about the society full of surveillance?
A．Cut interactions to ease stress.
B．Boost surveillance for connections.
C．Weigh connectivity against surveillance.D．Ignore the impact of surveillance.
【答案】8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要探讨了被监视对人们行为和认知等方面的影响。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Bentham's design feels so relevant in our digital age of algorithms (算法) and
social media, when we frequently feel watched, with no way to escape. (边沁的设计在我们这个充斥着算法和社
交媒体的数字时代显得如此贴切，此时我们经常感觉被监视，却无处可逃。)”可知，作者在第一段中提到
城堡(圆形监狱)，是为了解释一个心理学概念，即人们在被监视的情况下会内部化监控机制，从而改变自
己的行为。此外，第二段探讨了被监视如何影响行为的心理学研究。故选B 项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“On a conscious level, we become more prosocial, meaning we’re more likely to
give and less likely to cheat or litter. Even theft or littering could be reduced merely by posting pictures of eyes.
Seymour, a psychologist from the University of Technology Sydney, puts this down to our concern with reputation
and social consequences. (在意识层面，我们变得更加亲社会，这意味着我们更倾向于给予，而更少有欺骗
或乱扔垃圾的行为。甚至仅仅通过发布眼睛的照片，就能减少盗窃或乱扔垃圾的行为。悉尼科技大学的心
理学家西摩认为，这归因于我们对声誉和社会后果的担忧。)”可知，人们想要保持良好形象的渴望促使他
们变得更亲社会。故选A 项。
10．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Being watched also affects cognitive (认知) functions, but negatively. One
study found that participants performed worse on a working memory task with people looking at them. (被监视也
会影响认知功能，但是负面的。一项研究发现，当有人看着他们时，参与者在工作记忆任务中的表现更
差。)”可知，监控会对认知功能产生负面影响。根据第三段“A series of experiments have demonstrated that
bringing more surveillance into workplaces or educational settings — usually an attempt to boost productivity —
could actually be counterproductive. (一系列实验表明，在工作场所或教育环境中引入更多的监控——通常
是为了提高生产率——实际上可能____。)”里的“performed worse (表现更差)”这一关键信息以及“actually
(实际上)”所表达的转折意味可推断，引入监控这一本欲“boost productivity (提高生产力)”的行为，最终导
致的结果却是负面的，即与预期目标相反。因此，counterproductive 最准确的释义是“产生与预期相反的
结果”。故选B 项。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段“We need to find ways to balance the benefits of connectivity with the drawbacks
of constant surveillance,” Seymour remarks. (西摩说：“我们需要找到方法来平衡连接的好处和持续监控的缺
点。”)”可知，西摩建议在这个充满监控的社会中，要权衡连接与监控的利弊。故选C 项。
D
体裁：说明文 字数：341 话题：大脑与身体之间密切的相互联系
For decades, scientists thought of the brain as the most valuable and consequently most closely guarded part
of the body. Locked safely behind the blood-brain barrier, it was broadly free of the harm of viruses and the battles
started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: Is the
brain really so separated from the body? The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no.
The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and
growing. Changes in the make-up of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such
as Parkinson’s disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy (孕期) could lead to brain diseases in
babies.
The effect is two-way. There is a lengthening list of symptoms (症状) not typically viewed as disorders of
the nervous system, but the brain plays a large part in them. For instance, the development of a fever is influenced
by a population of nerve cells that control body temperature and appetite. Evidence is mounting that cancers use
nerves to grow and spread.
The interconnection between brain and body has promising implications for our ability to both understand
and treat illnesses. If some brain disorders start outside the brain, then perhaps treatments for them could also reach
in from outside. Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much
easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier.
It also works in the opposite direction. Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to
a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre — called the ventral
tegmental area (VTA) — seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could
help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines ( 疫苗) and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for
centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven.
12．What is linked to disorders like Parkinson’s disease?
A．Infection during pregnancy.
B．Nerve cells controlling appetite.
C．Activation of the brain reward centre.
D．Variations in digestive microorganisms.
13．How does the author mainly support the argument in paragraph 3?
A．By quoting expert opinions.
B．By stating a personal opinion.
C．By providing specific examples.
D．By using a theoretical framework.
14．Which of the following best describes the structure of the text?
A．Theory → Proof → Example.
B．Question → Analysis → Definition.
C．Problem → Solution → Conclusion.
D．Old View → New Evidence → Implications.
15．What is the text mainly about?
A．The symptoms of various brain diseases.
B．The process of fighting viruses effectively.
C．The protective role of the blood-brain barrier.
D．The new understanding of brain-body interactions.
【答案】12．D 13．C 14．D 15．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大脑与身体之间密切的相互联系及其对疾病治疗的启示。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Changes in the make-up of the microorganisms in the digestive system have
been linked to disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. (消化系统中微生物组成的变化与帕金森病等疾病有关)”
可知，与帕金森病等疾病有关的是消化系统微生物组的变化。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“The effect is two-way. There is a lengthening list of symptoms (症状) not
typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system, but the brain plays a large part in them. For instance, the
development of a fever is influenced by a population of nerve cells that control body temperature and appetite.
Evidence is mounting that cancers use nerves to grow and spread. (这种影响是双向的。有一长串通常不被视为
神经系统紊乱的症状，但大脑在其中起着很大的作用。例如，发烧的发展受到控制体温和食欲的神经细胞
群的影响。越来越多的证据表明，癌症利用神经生长和扩散)”可知，作者以“发烧的发展受神经细胞影
响”和“癌症利用神经生长和扩散”为例，来说明大脑与身体之间的双向影响，因此是通过具体例子支持
论点。故选C。
14．推理判断题。文章先提出旧观点(大脑与身体分离)，然后呈现新证据(大脑与身体相互关联)，最后探讨
这一发现的潜在应用和意义，因此文章的整体结构为“旧观点→新证据→启示”。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“For decades, scientists thought of the brain as the most valuable
and consequently most closely guarded part of the body. Locked safely behind the blood-brain barrier, it was
broadly free of the harm of viruses and the battles started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, about 20 years
ago, some researchers began to wonder: Is the brain really so separated from the body? The answer, according to a
growing body of evidence, is no.(几十年来，科学家们认为大脑是身体中价值最高、因此也是保护最严密的
部分。它被安全地锁在血脑屏障后面，不受病毒的危害和免疫系统引发的战斗的影响。然后，大约20 年
前，一些研究人员开始怀疑：大脑真的与身体如此分离吗？根据越来越多的证据，答案是否。)”可知，本
文推翻了大脑与身体分离的传统观点，详细阐述了大脑与身体之间复杂的双向联系及其对疾病治疗的意义，
因此文章的主要内容是对脑和身体相互作用的新认识。故选D。
2.阅读7 选5
体裁：说明文 字数：250 话题：自然灾害——如何防止洪水进入室内
Any home may be at risk of flooding, even from a heavy rain, but some homes are much easier than others.
16 ? Actually not, but keep in mind that you may be able to make some changes outside that will help keep
water from coming inside.
Improve site drainage (排水). This can be very helpful, if you have a basement that tends to flood after a
heavy rain. Building gutters (排水沟) to keep water flowing away from the house is also important. You may face a
really complex problem. 17 . They can assess your yard, design a drainage plan, and set up various systems.
Plant trees. It may not sound like a flood-proofing strategy, but you could plant native trees around your
property to help absorb excess water. Native plants, not a plant that doesn’t grow in the area naturally, are
important. 18 . Native plants also tend to be better for the environment.
19 . You may want to design a new road surface that absorbs water more easily. If you’re considering
replacing a sidewalk, it’s certainly worth considering setting up a material that may reduce your risk of flooding.
These new road surface options can also help filter (过滤) out pollutants that ultimately end up in the water supply.
Clean gutters regularly. Everyone knows this, but it’s got to be said. Those gutters are there for a reason, to
make rain away from your home. You must keep your gutters clean. 20 .
A．Take a look at your sidewalk
B．Choose proper water-absorbing material
C．You can turn to the drainage specialists for help
D．Otherwise, the gutters blocked with leaves become useless
E．How can we make the flood prevention home improvements
F．Do we need to make lots of flood prevention home improvements
G．This is because their roots can go deeper and grab more groundwater
【答案】16．F 17．C 18．G 19．A 20．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何防止洪水进入室内的几点建议。
16．上文“Any home may be at risk of flooding, even from a heavy rain, but some homes are much easier than
others.(任何房屋都可能面临洪水风险，即使是一场大雨，但有些房屋比其他房屋更容易遭受洪水。)”强调
了洪水对房屋的潜在威胁，并指出有些房屋更容易受到洪水影响，下文“Actually not, but keep in mind that
you may be able to make some changes outside that will help keep water from coming inside.(实际上不是，但请
记住，你可能能够在外面做一些改变，以防止水进入室内。)”是对前文的回应，指出实际上不是进行大量
的防洪房屋改造，但可以做一些外部改变来防止水进入室内。由此可知，空处应该是一个问句，且与是否
需要进行防洪家庭改善有关。选项F“我们需要做很多防洪家庭改善吗？”符合语境。故选F。
17．上文“You may face a really complex problem.(你可能面临一个非常复杂的问题。)”指出了防洪过程中可
能遇到的问题，下文“They can assess your yard, design a drainage plan, and set up various systems.(他们可以
评估你的院子，设计排水计划，并建立各种系统。)”描述了排水专家所能提供的服务。由此可知，空处应
该是一个解决方案，即寻求排水专家的帮助。选项C“你可以向排水专家寻求帮助”符合语境。故选C。
18．上文“Native plants, not a plant that doesn’t grow in the area naturally, are important.(本地植物，而不是在
该地区自然不生长的植物，是很重要的。)”强调了本地植物在防洪中的重要性，下文“Native plants also
tend to be better for the environment.(本地植物也往往对环境更有益。)”进一步说明了本地植物的优点。由此
可知，空处应该是一个解释为什么本地植物重要的原因。选项G“这是因为它们的根可以扎得更深，吸收更
多的地下水”符合语境。故选G。
19．下文“You may want to design a new road surface that absorbs water more easily.(你可能想设计一种更容易
吸水的新路面。)”提出了一个关于路面的建议。由此可知，空处应该是一个与路面或人行道相关的主题句。
选项A“看看你的人行道”符合语境，起到了引出下文的作用。故选A。
20．上文“You must keep your gutters clean.(你必须保持排水沟清洁。)”强调了保持排水沟清洁的重要性。
由此可知，空处应该是一个与保持排水沟清洁相关的结果或后果。选项D“否则，被树叶堵塞的排水沟就毫
无用处了”符合语境。故选D。
