【灿烂六月 · 高考金8 卷】
备战2026 年高考英语模拟卷（北京卷06）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30 分）
第一节完形填空（共10 小题;每小题1.5 分,共15 分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。
One morning I was running late for a meeting, and I passed a friend in the hallway. My friend 1
me,“How are you doing?” But I didn’t give the 2 response “Good, how about you?” I started to complain
about the traffic, poor visibility in the rain and everything else about my 3 trip.
Instead of sympathy, he asked me a question,“How do you know if the powers of fate (命运) didn’t create
those roadblocks?” The 4 was that I might be just spared something much worse than being late to a
meeting. I gave a 5 smile and walked on. But over the next few days the more thought about his
question, the more wisdom I was able to see in it.
I remembered the times when 6 kept me from accidents on the same roads I was traveling on. The
most memorable 7 was a white-out snowstorm. We were forced to take a slower route which was very
frustrating. Later, we heard that a family of four, just like ours, was killed by a truck on the highway we had
planned on taking. As this and other memories came to mind, I 8 that it can be easy to be so focused on
an outcome and being on schedule that better possibilities are not considered.
Ever since then, I have become more relaxed. I have lost weight, my blood pressure has 9 , and I
feel less stressed. It may or may not be happening every moment of every day, but keeping my friend’s question in
mind puts me more at ease and has 10 my life.
1．A．greeted
B．questioned
C．advised
D．consulted
2．A．honest
B．expected
C．detailed
D．public
3．A．stressful
B．lonely
C．exciting
D．lucky
4．A．impression
B．lesson
C．inference
D．reason
5．A．helpless
B．hearty
C．nervous
D．bitter
6．A．crowds
B．meetings
C．delays
D．dangers
7．A．sight
B．example
C．dream
D．feeling
8．A．realized
B．explained
C．considered
D．approved
9．A．built up
B．turned back
C．gone down
D．taken off
10．A．defended
B．spared
C．cost
D．improved
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者一次因赶会议迟到，在走廊向朋友抱怨行程不顺，朋友
的一个关于命运阻碍的问题引发作者深思，作者回忆起过往因延误躲过灾祸的经历，从此心态变得更放松，
生活也得到改善的故事。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友跟我打招呼，“你过得怎么样？”。A. greeted 打招呼；B.
questioned 询问；C. advised 建议；D. consulted 咨询。根据前文“One morning I was running late for a
meeting, and I passed a friend in the hallway.”以及后文朋友的话“How are you doing?”可知，两人偶遇，朋友
用常用问候语打招呼。故选A。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我没有给出人们预期的回应“很好，你呢？”。A. honest 诚实的；B.
expected 预期的；C. detailed 详细的；D. public 公开的。根据后文“I started to complain about the traffic, poor
visibility in the rain and everything else”可知，作者没有给出人们见面问候时通常预期的积极回应，而是开始
抱怨。故选B。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始抱怨交通、雨中的低能见度以及我这段令人有压力的行程中的其
他所有事情。A. stressful 有压力的；B. lonely 孤独的；C. exciting 令人兴奋的；D. lucky 幸运的。根据前文
“running late for a meeting”以及“complain about the traffic, poor visibility in the rain”可知，这段行程让人很
有压力。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由此可推断，我可能只是躲过了比开会迟到糟糕得多的事情。A. impression
印象；B. lesson 教训；C. inference 推断；D. reason 原因。根据前文朋友的问题“How do you know if the
powers of fate didn’t create those roadblocks?”可知，朋友的问题引导作者得出的一个可能的推论或结论。故
选C。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我苦涩地笑了笑，继续往前走。A. helpless 无奈的；B. hearty 热忱的；C.
nervous 紧张的；D. bitter 苦涩的。根据前文“I started to complain about the traffic, poor visibility in the rain
and everything else(我开始抱怨交通、雨中的低能见度以及其他所有事情)”以及朋友提出的问题“How do
you know if the powers of fate didn’t create those roadblocks?”可知，作者正处于赶时间的烦躁中，面对朋友
看似“不合时宜”的问题，内心满是苦涩，并非真心认同这句话。故选D。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想起了好几次，都是因为行程延误，我才在常走的路上躲过了事故。A.
crowds 人群；B. meetings 会议；C. delays 延误；D. dangers 危险。根据前文“running late for a meeting(开会
要迟到了)”以及“complain about the traffic, poor visibility in the rain(抱怨交通、雨中的低能见度)”中作者抱
怨行程延误以及朋友提到的“How do you know if the powers of fate didn’t create those roadblocks?”，再结合
后文“kept me from accidents”可知，此处指行程延误帮作者躲过事故。故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最难忘的例子是一场大暴风雪。A. sight 景象；B. example 例子；C. dream
梦想；D. feeling 感觉。根据前文“I remembered the times when ____6____ kept me from accidents(我想起了
好几次，都是因为……，我才躲过了事故)”以及后文对“snowstorm”的详细描述，可知这是一个具体例子。
故选B。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些以及其他回忆涌上心头，我意识到，人们很容易过于关注结果和
按时完成任务，而忽略了更好的可能性。A. realized 意识到；B. explained 解释；C. considered 考虑；D.
approved 赞成。根据前文回忆的因延误躲过灾祸的经历，结合后文“it can be easy to be so focused on an
outcome and being on schedule that better possibilities are not considered.”可知，这是作者通过回忆得出的感悟。
故选A。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我体重减轻了，血压也下降了，压力也小了很多。A. built up 增强；B.
turned back 返回；C. gone down 下降；D. taken off 起飞。根据前文“Ever since then, I have become more
relaxed.”以及“feel less stressed”可知，放松的状态让血压下降。故选C。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然可能不是每时每刻都这样，但记住朋友的问题让我更安心，也改善了
我的生活。A. defended 保卫；B. spared 节省；C. cost 花费；D. improved 改善。根据前文“I have lost
weight, my blood pressure has ____9____, and I feel less stressed.”可知，作者的生活状况变好了，生活得到了
改善。故选D。
第二节语法填空（共10 小题;每小题1.5 分,共15 分）
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的
正确形式填空。
A
Nowadays, people can create their own avatars. 11 (use) avatars on social media, they can have
new personalities and images. People hold different opinions on the use of them. One 12 (argue) is that
young people will be at a risk because they can be cheated by others online. But other people believe that till now
using avatars 13 (become) a necessity in people’s life and we needn’t be too worried about it as long as
people use them in a proper way.
【答案】11．Using 12．argument 13．has become
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文介绍如今人们可以在社交媒体上创建自己的虚拟形象，有人担心年轻人会
因此受骗，也有人认为虚拟形象已成为生活必需品，作者认为只要合理使用就无需过度担忧。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：在社交媒体上使用虚拟形象，他们可以拥有全新的个性和形象。句子主语
they 与use 为主动关系，此处用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母大写，故填Using。
12．考查名词。句意：一种观点是，年轻人会面临被网上他人欺骗的风险。one 后接可数名词单数，argue
的名词形式是argument，作主语。故填argument。
13．考查动词时态。句意：但其他人认为，到目前为止，使用虚拟形象已经成为人们生活中的一种必需品。
根据till now 可知，句子用现在完成时，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。故填has become。
B
An individual’s environmental journey often begins with a simple personal choice. For example, one might
decide 14 (reduce) plastic use by carrying a reusable bottle. However, the real challenge lies in
influencing others. The key question becomes 15 this individual action can inspire broader community
change or not. Success ultimately depends on translating personal 16 (responsible) into collective policy.
17 public support, even the most well-intentioned private efforts may have limited impact.
【答案】14．to reduce 15．whether 16．responsibility 17．Without
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了个人环保行动的起始、挑战及成功关键在于将个人责任转化
为集体政策。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，一个人可能会决定通过携带可重复使用的瓶子来减少塑料的使用。
decide to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示“决定做某事”，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to reduce。
15．考查连词。句意：关键问题在于这种个人行为能否激发更广泛的社区变革。空处需用连词引导表语从
句，根据空后or not 可知，空处需用whether 引导表语从句，表示“是否”。故填whether。
16．考查名词。句意：成功最终取决于将个人责任转化为集体政策。personal 为形容词，作定语修饰名词，
所以空处需用名词responsibility“责任”，作translating 宾语，此处表示特指，名词需用单数。故填
responsibility。
17．考查介词。句意：没有公众的支持，即使是最善意的私人努力也可能影响有限。根据空后“even the
most well-intentioned private efforts may have limited impact.”可知，此处表示没有公众的支持，私人努力影
响有限，所以空处需用介词without“没有”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Without。
C
Of all my Sports Day 18 (memory), the most touching unfolded that evening. After completing the
10km run, I received two roses, but accidentally left them behind until sunset. When I found them lifeless, my heart
19 (sink). I placed them in water immediately. Later I discovered one rose was brought back to life incredibly.
Examining its companion, I found an injured stem (茎) blocking water intake and cut it carefully. Before bedtime, I
witnessed another wonder. Now both roses stood energetic, 20 taught me renewal awaits even in deepest
despair.
【答案】18．memories 19．sank 20．which
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在运动日经历的一段富有启示性的故事。
18．考查名词的复数。句意：在我所有的运动会回忆中，最令人心动的那一幕发生在那天晚上。空前有
all，空格处用复数。故填memories。
19．考查时态。句意：当我发现它们毫无生气时，心顿时沉了下去。由found 可知，时态是一般过去时，
空格处用过去式。故填sank。
20．考查定语从句。句意：此刻两支玫瑰都生机勃勃地挺立着，这让我领悟到：即便身处最深的绝望之中，
新生也依然在前方守候。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句的内
容，因此用关系代词which 引导定语从句。故填which。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38 分）
第一节（共14 小题; 每小题2 分, 共28 分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As April 18 marks the International Day for Monuments and Sites, also known as World Heritage Day,
we’ve selected four archaeological (考古的) sites in China that deserve exploration.
Zhoukoudian, Beijing
Zhoukoudian, a UNESCO heritage site located 50 km from downtown Beijing, has been a significant site. At
various parts of the site, scientists have unearthed the remains of early human “Peking Man” that date back more
than 500,000 years, as well as of “Shandingdong Man”, who lived 30,000 years ago.
Sanxingdui Ruins site, Sichuan province
As one of the greatest archeological finds of the 20th century, the Sanxingdui Ruins are believed to be the
remains of the Shu Kingdom, dating back at least 4,800 years and lasting over 2,000 years.
The ruins are located in Guanghan city in Southwest China’s Sichuan province, covering 12 square
kilometers.
The Yinxu Ruins, Henan province
The Yinxu Ruins, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Anyang city, Henan province, was an ancient capital of
the Shang Dynasty (16th century BC-11th century BC).
Spreading across over 30 square kilometers, the site features the greatest number of oracle bone inscriptions
(甲骨文) discovered so far in the world.
The Daming Palace, Shaanxi province
Famous for its super-large scale and magnificent buildings, Daming Palace was the main royal palace in the
Tang Dynasty (618-907) where Tang emperors lived and dealt with state affairs.
Covering 3.2 square kilometers, it fully demonstrates the majestic style of grand architecture during the Tang
empire.
21．Which site reflects the earliest human?
A．Zhoukoudian.
B．The Yinxu Ruins.
C．The Daming Palace.
D．Sanxingdui Ruins site.
22．What is the Yinxu Ruins known for?
A．The grand architecture.
B．Oracle bone inscriptions.
C．Royal palace in the Tang Dynasty.
D．The remains of the Shu Kingdom.
23．Where can the text probably be found?
A．In a novel.
B．In a biography.
C．In a history book.
D．In a guidebook.
【答案】21．A 22．B 23．D
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了中国四个值得探索的考古遗址。
21．细节理解题。根据Zhoukoudian, Beijing 中“At various parts of the site, scientists have unearthed the
remains of early human “Peking Man” that date back more than 500,000 years, as well as of “Shandingdong Man”,
who lived 30,000 years ago.(在遗址的各个地方，科学家们发掘出了50 多万年前的早期人类“北京猿人”，
以及生活在3 万年前的“山东猿人”)”及其余遗址反映的时间可知，北京周口店遗址能反映出最早的人类
信息。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据The Yinxu Ruins, Henan province 中“Spreading across over 30 square kilometers, the
site features the greatest number of oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文) discovered so far in the world.(该遗址占地
30 多平方公里，是迄今为止世界上发现数量最多的甲骨文遗址)”可知，殷墟遗址以甲骨文出名。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As April 18 marks the International Day for Monuments and Sites, also
known as World Heritage Day, we’ve selected four archaeological (考古的) sites in China that deserve exploration.
(4 月18 日是国际古迹和遗址日，也被称为世界遗产日，我们在中国选择了四个值得探索的考古遗址)”及全
文内容可知，本文介绍了四处考古遗址，可以在一本旅行指南中找到。故选D。
B
On March 27, Budimir Šobat lay face down in a swimming pool for 24 minutes and 37 seconds. Before the
attempt, he’d breathed pure oxygen for 30 minutes — enough to let him hold his breath for over 20 minutes, but
risky: Blacking out could cause deadly reactions. Midway, he panicked briefly, and then repeated a quiet phrase to
calm his heart. When he lifted his head, he’d beaten the Guinness World Record by over 30 seconds. A small crowd
cheered, but Šobat just changed clothes, packed his belongings, and met his family — they didn’t even mention the
record.
Šobat’s drive came from his daughter, Saša. Born with brain damage, doctors said she might never walk or
talk. He and his wife Sandra left their old lives behind to train Saša 5 to 7 hours a day: Stretching her fingers alone
took 45 minutes, and they even had to pin her down to relax the muscles in her small neck — even as she screamed
and Sandra begged him to stop. Two and a half years later, Saša took her first step, and she was later diagnosed
with autism (自闭症), too.
At 46, a friend introduced Šobat to freediving. He found peace in the sport, and soon realized the patience
he’d learned with Sasa — waiting 5 to 10 minutes just for her to answer a simple question — helped him hold his
breath longer. He later joined a campaign called “I’m Not Breathing” to raise money for the autism center where
his daughter received treatment, since he’d long wanted to draw attention to autism and help families like his.
“You can be better than me, but you’ll never beat me,” says Šobat, now 60. Saša may never know her father
is a world record holder, but that’s okay. For him, every second he spends holding his breath underwater is for her.
24．How did Šobat react after breaking the world record?
A．He celebrated with his family.
B．He cheered with a small crowd.
C．He expressed his disappointment.
D．He behaved surprisingly calmly.
25．What did Šobat do to his daughter with brain damage?
A．He introduced her to freediving.
B．He trained her in a strict way.
C．He spent little quality time with her.
D．He begged her to relax and enjoy life.
26．What can be concluded about Šobat’s freediving performance?
A．It benefited from his parenting.
B．It went against medical advice.
C．It served as an escape from work.
D．It required extra financial support.
27．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Depths of a Father’s Dedication.
B．A Champion Freediver’s Technique.
C．Understanding a Daughter with Autism. D．Breaking Barriers through Determination.
【答案】24．D 25．B 26．A 27．A
【导语】本文一篇记叙文，主要讲的是为了患自闭症的女儿，Budimir Šobat 以24 分37 秒打破水下憋气世
界纪录。他将照顾女儿时磨炼的耐心用于潜水，并借此呼吁社会关注自闭症群体。尽管女儿可能永远不懂
父亲的成就，但他每一秒的坚持都是为她而战。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“When he lifted his head, he’d beaten the Guinness World Record by over 30
seconds. A small crowd cheered, but Šobat just changed clothes, packed his belongings, and met his family — they
didn’t even mention the record.(当他抬起头时，已打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，且比原纪录多出了30 多秒。一小
群人欢呼起来，但索巴特只是换了衣服，收拾好物品，去和家人会合——他们甚至都没提及这项纪录。)”
可知，在打破世界纪录后，面对人群的欢呼，Šobat 只是换衣服、收拾东西然后和家人见面，家人甚至都
没提纪录这件事。由此可知，Šobat 的反应出奇地淡定。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Born with brain damage, doctors said she might never walk or talk. He and his
wife Sandra left their old lives behind to train Saša 5 to 7 hours a day: Stretching her fingers alone took 45 minutes,
and they even had to pin her down to relax the muscles in her small neck — even as she screamed and Sandra
begged him to stop.(萨沙出生时大脑受损，医生称她可能永远无法走路或说话。为此，他和妻子桑德拉
（Sandra）放弃了从前的生活，每天花5 到7 个小时训练萨沙：仅是活动她的手指就要花45 分钟，他们甚
至不得不按住她，让她放松颈部的小肌肉——即便萨沙尖叫连连，桑德拉也恳求他停下。)”可知，Šobat 严
格训练患有脑损伤的女儿。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段“At 46, a friend introduced Šobat to freediving. He found peace in the sport, and
soon realized the patience he’d learned with Sasa — waiting 5 to 10 minutes just for her to answer a simple
question—helped him hold his breath longer.(46 岁时，一位朋友向索巴特介绍了自由潜水。他在这项运动中
找到了内心的平静，很快便意识到，照顾萨沙时所培养的耐心——比如等她5 到10 分钟才回答一个简单的
问题——也帮助他延长了屏息时间。)”可知，Šobat 在照顾女儿Saša 的过程中学会了耐心，而这种耐心帮
助他在自由潜水中能更长时间憋气。由此可推断，他的育儿过程对自由潜水表现有益。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Šobat’s drive came from his daughter, Saša. Born with brain
damage, doctors said she might never walk or talk. He and his wife Sandra left their old lives behind to train Saša 5
to 7 hours a day: Stretching her fingers alone took 45 minutes, and they even had to pin her down to relax the
muscles in her small neck — even as she screamed and Sandra begged him to stop. Two and a half years later, Saša
took her first step, and she was later diagnosed with autism (自闭症), too.(索巴特的动力源自他的女儿萨沙
（Saša）。萨沙出生时大脑受损，医生称她可能永远无法走路或说话。为此，他和妻子桑德拉（Sandra）
放弃了从前的生活，每天花5 到7 个小时训练萨沙：仅是活动她的手指就要花45 分钟，他们甚至不得不按
住她，让她放松颈部的小肌肉——即便萨沙尖叫连连，桑德拉也恳求他停下。两年半后，萨沙迈出了第一
步，后来她又被诊断出患有自闭症。)”可知，本文围绕Šobat 展开——他为了患有脑损伤和自闭症的女儿
Saša，放弃之前的生活，每天花5 到7 小时训练女儿，后来接触自由潜水并打破世界纪录，还通过“我不
呼吸”活动为自闭症中心筹款，核心是体现一位父亲对女儿深沉的奉献，因此最好的标题是A 选项“The
Depths of a Father’s Dedication(父亲的奉献的深度)”。故选A。
C
Predictive coding, a theory originally developed in neuroscience and machine learning, is changing our
understanding of the human brain. It proposes that the brain is not a simple receiver of sensory information but an
active “prediction machine”. Instead of processing every detail from the beginning, our brains constantly make
models of the world and guess what we will see, hear, or feel next. The difference between these predictions and
the actual sensory input — termed the “prediction error”— is the only information the brain needs to change its
internal models. This efficient system explains why we can easily recognize a friend’s face in a crowd or
understand a sentence even with background noise.
However, this smart efficiency comes with cognitive trade-offs. A core idea of predictive coding is that
perception is in its nature a controlled false image, heavily shaped by what we already believe. This can lead to
built-in biases. For instance, in a famous experiment, participants shown a not clear image of a bicycle were later
more likely to wrongly recognize similar but not present objects like unicycles, because their brain’s prediction —
based on the common idea “wheeled vehicle”— was stronger than the unclear sensory data. Such findings
challenge the simple view of perception as an objective camera, suggesting instead that what we “see” is a best
guess made by our neural system.
The effects go beyond optical illusions (视觉幻觉) into social cognition. Research shows that stereotypes
and cultural expectations work as powerful prior beliefs within the predictive coding system. When we meet
someone from a group we have ideas about, our brain may reduce prediction errors by ignoring information that
goes against our expectations, thereby making stronger pre-existing biases. This neural way of working provides a
physical basis for “confirmation bias,” showing how our search for cognitive efficiency can accidentally continue
social misunderstandings.
Importantly, the brain’s predictive system is not a fixed fate. Neuroplasticity (神经可塑性) makes sure that
with continued, attention-driven contact to new and opposite evidence, the brain’s models can be changed. This is
the scientific basis of learning and mindfulness practices. By purposely paying attention to prediction errors —
those moments when reality surprises us — we can make our internal models change, leading to more correct
perceptions and less prejudice. Thus, predictive coding not only explains the beginnings of our biases but also
shows a way toward overcoming them, describing the mind as a changing, changeable system rather than a fixed
recorder of reality.
28．According to the predictive coding theory, the primary function of the “prediction error” is to _________.
A．generate entirely new sensory models from scratch
B．create persistent illusions that dominate our perception
C．act as the main source of sensory information the brain receives
D．serve as the only signal for the brain to correct its internal predictions
29．The experiment involving the unclear bicycle image is mentioned to illustrate _________.
A．the superiority of human visual processing
B．how prior beliefs can change perceptual judgment
C．the difficulty in recognizing uncommon objects
D．the complete unreliability of human senses
30．Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage?
A．Prediction and Perception: How the Brain Constructs Reality
B．The Passive Brain: A Receiver of Information
C．The End of Stereotypes: A Neuroscience Perspective
D．Sensory Overload: The Brain’s Processing Challenge
【答案】28．D 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预测编码理论，该理论认为大脑是一个主动的“预测机器” ，
通过预测与实际感官输入之间的差异来不断调整和优化其内部模型，同时探讨了这一理论在认知偏差、社
会认知以及神经可塑性方面的应用和影响。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The difference between these predictions and the actual sensory input —
termed the “prediction error” — is the only information the brain needs to change its internal models. (这些预测与
实际感官输入之间的差异——被称为“预测误差”——是大脑改变其内部模型所需的唯一信息。)”可知，
根据预测编码理论，“预测误差”的主要功能是作为大脑修正其内部预测的唯一信号。故选D 项。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段中“A core idea of predictive coding is that perception is in its nature a controlled
false image, heavily shaped by what we already believe. This can lead to built-in biases. For instance, in a famous
experiment, participants shown a not clear image of a bicycle were later more likely to wrongly recognize similar
but not present objects like unicycles, because their brain’s prediction — based on the common idea “wheeled
vehicle” — was stronger than the unclear sensory data. Such findings challenge the simple view of perception as an
objective camera, suggesting instead that what we “see” is a best guess made by our neural system. (预测编码理论
的核心观点认为，感知本质上是一种受控的虚假影像，深受我们既有信念的影响。这种机制可能导致固有
的认知偏差。例如，在一个著名实验中，参与者观看了一张模糊的自行车图片后，更容易错误地识别出类
似但实际未出现的物体(如独轮车)。这是因为他们大脑基于“带轮交通工具”这一常见概念作出的预测，
比模糊的感官输入更加强烈。这类发现挑战了“感知如同客观摄像机”的简单观点，转而揭示出我们所
“看见”的其实是神经系统作出的最佳推测。)”可知，参与者因大脑基于“带轮子的车辆”这一常见概念
进行预测，而更可能错误识别独轮车。这个例子是为了说明先前的信念(如常见概念)如何改变知觉判断。
故选B 项。
30 ．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“ Predictive coding, a theory originally developed in
neuroscience and machine learning, is changing our understanding of the human brain. It proposes that the brain is
not a simple receiver of sensory information but an active “prediction machine”. (预测编码，这一最初在神经科
学和机器学习领域发展起来的理论，正在改变我们对人类大脑的理解。它提出大脑不是感官信息的简单接
收者，而是一个主动的“预测机器”。)”可知，文章主要介绍了预测编码理论，核心观点是大脑通过主动
预测(而非被动接收)来构建我们对现实的感知(perception)，并详细阐述了这一过程如何运作、可能带来的
偏见以及改变的可能性。A 项“Prediction and Perception: How the Brain Constructs Reality (预测与感知：大
脑如何构建现实)”是最佳标题。故选A 项。
D
Of all the forces that shape our lives, work is the most dominant. A huge portion of our conscious hours is
devoted to our jobs. What we do defines our living standards and, to a considerable extent, our social status. Some
argue that the importance of leisure allows us to ignore work’s injustice, and that people should offset ( 抵消) its
frustrations by focusing on other parts of their lives.
I consider this attitude a form of giving up. For the foreseeable future, the material and psychological
rewards that work provides will remain vital to life’s satisfaction. However, only a small minority of people can
control their pace of work or their working environment. Similarly, work offers only a few people the chance for
creativity, imagination, or initiative. The inequality we see in and through work remains one of the cruelest and
most obvious inequalities in our society.
And the clearest form of this inequality is the contrast between managers and the rest. For most managers,
work is an opportunity and a challenge. Their jobs interest them and allow them to develop their abilities. They
keep learning, can exercise responsibility, and have a significant degree of control over their own and others’
working lives. Most importantly, they have the freedom to initiate. In contrast, for most manual workers and a
growing number of white-collar workers, work is a boring and even painful experience. They spend their lives in
conditions which would be considered intolerable by the managers who allow these conditions to continue.
Ordinary workers have little control over their work. Their jobs provide them with no opportunity for
personal development. Often, the design of production makes workers simply a part of the technology. In offices,
many jobs are so routine that workers rightly feel themselves to be small, unimportant parts in a large rigid
machine. As a direct result, many workers feel disengaged from their jobs and their companies. This sense of
alienation remains one of the most serious outcomes of inequality in the modern workplace.
31．Why does work’s dominance pose a problem according to some people?
A．It makes leisure unimportant.
B．It hides work’s built-in injustice.
C．It rarely defines our social status.
D．It consumes all our conscious hours.
32．What does the underlined word “alienation” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Disconnection. B．Satisfaction.
C．Promotion.
D．Exhaustion.
33．Why is work inequality considered cruel?
A．It cannot be offset by leisure activities.
B．It lowers overall social productivity.
C．It lowers everyone’s living standards.
D．It denies most people autonomy and fulfillment.
34．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Power and Problems of Modern Work.
B．Why Leisure Cannot Replace Work Satisfaction.
C．Inequality and Its Effects at Work.
D．Managers Versus Workers: A Workplace Divide.
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了工作在我们生活中的主导地位以及由此带来的不平等问题，特
别是管理者与普通工人之间的巨大差异，以及这种不平等对工人心理和情感的影响。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段“Some argue that the importance of leisure allows us to ignore work’s injustice,
and that people should offset its frustrations by focusing on other parts of their lives.(一些人认为，休闲的重要性
使我们能够忽视工作中的不公平，人们应该通过关注生活的其他部分来抵消工作中的挫折。)”可知，一些
人认为工作的主导地位会带来问题是因为它掩盖了工作内在的不公平。故选B 项。
32 ．词句猜测题。根据上文“ As a direct result, many workers feel disengaged from their jobs and their
companies. (作为一个直接的结果，许多工人感到与他们的工作和公司脱节。)”可知，工人感到与工作和公
司脱节，而这种脱节感是现代工作场所中最严重的不平等后果之一。由此可知，“alienation”意为“疏离、
脱节”。故选A 项。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段“However, only a small minority of people can control their pace of work or their
working environment. Similarly, work offers only a few people the chance for creativity, imagination, or initiative.
The inequality we see in and through work remains one of the cruelest and most obvious inequalities in our society.
(然而，只有极少数人能够掌控自己的工作节奏或工作环境。同样，工作也只为少数人提供了发挥创造力、
想象力和主动性的机会。我们在工作中以及通过工作所看到的这种不平等，仍然是我们社会中最残酷、也
最显而易见的不平等之一。)”以及第三、四段进一步对比管理者与普通工人的处境，强调普通工人对工作
缺乏控制、无法获得个人发展。这种不平等剥夺了大多数人的自主权和成就感，因此是残酷的。选项D“它
剥夺了大多数人的自主权和成就感。”准确概括了这一点。故选D 项。
34．主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了工作在我们生活中的主导地位以及由此带来的不平等问题，特别是管理
者与普通工人之间的巨大差异，以及这种不平等对工人心理和情感的影响，因此选项C“工作中的不平等及
其影响”最能概括文章的主题。故选C 项。
第二节(共5 小题;每小题2 分，共10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中
有两项为多余选项。
Life will always have demanding moments. But feeling overwhelmed (不堪重负) does not mean you are
doing something wrong. 35 . Sometimes, the most powerful step forward is choosing less and allowing
yourself room to breathe.
Start by naming what is weighing on you
Feeling overwhelmed can be uncertain and all-consuming, but it becomes easier to handle once it is defined.
36 . Is it worry, exhaustion, fear of the unknown, or simply too many demands at once? You do not need to
solve the problem yet. Just identifying it helps restore a sense of control.
Stop carrying everything by yourself
37 . Over time, this belief becomes exhausting. Asking for help does not mean you have failed. It
means you recognize your limits. Whether it is accepting support, saying no, or letting something go unfinished,
sharing the load creates space for healing and rest.
Lower the bar and fix one small thing
When life feels unmanageable, aiming for big solutions can make it worse. Instead of trying to solve
everything, focus on the smallest discomfort you can ease in the moment. 38 . Stretch or step outside if
your body feels tense. These simple actions send a message to your mind and body that you are safe and capable.
39
When thoughts refuse to settle, write them down and give yourself permission to return to them later. Gentle
distractions can help shift your focus. Noticing what is around you, turning off your phone, or spending time
outdoors can also bring your attention back to the present, where worry has less power.
A．Drink water if you are thirsty
B．Focus only on what you can control
C．Give your mind a break from constant worry
D．It means you need gentleness, support, and fewer demands
E．Many people believe strength means handling everything alone
F．Ask yourself what is taking up the most mental space right now
G．Even small acts of clearing can bring a surprising sense of calm
【答案】35．D 36．F 37．E 38．A 39．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕如何应对生活中不堪重负的时刻展开，指出这种感受并非自身问题，而
是需要温柔对待、寻求支持并减少苛求，同时从明确压力根源、学会寻求帮助、从小事着手解决问题、让
大脑远离焦虑四个方面，给出了具体且实用的应对方法。
35．根据上文“But feeling overwhelmed does not mean you are doing something wrong.(但感到不堪重负，并
不意味着你做错了什么)”，以及下文“Sometimes, the most powerful step forward is choosing less and allowing
yourself room to breathe.(有时候，最有力的前行，是选择少一点苛求，给自己留喘息的空间)”可知，此空需
要承接上文的“并不意味着你做错了什么”，点明感到不堪重负实际代表的含义，与下文“选择少一点、
留喘息空间”形成呼应。D 选项“It means you need gentleness, support, and fewer demands.(这意味着你需要
被温柔对待、需要他人的支持，还需要减少外界的苛求)”中的“It”指代上文的“feeling overwhelmed”，与
上文“does not mean”形成句式衔接，“fewer demands”也与下文“choosing less”相呼应，精准点明不堪重
负的背后需求，符合语境。故选D 项。
36．根据本段小标题“Start by naming what is weighing on you(先弄清楚是什么让你倍感压力)”，以及上文
“Feeling overwhelmed can be uncertain and all-consuming, but it becomes easier to handle once it is defined.(不
堪重负的感觉可能模糊又令人心力交瘁，但一旦明确其根源，就会更容易应对)”、下文“Is it worry,
exhaustion, fear of the unknown, or simply too many demands at once?(是焦虑、疲惫、对未知的恐惧，还是仅
仅因为一时之间有太多的苛求？)”可知，此空需要给出明确压力根源的具体做法，衔接上文的观点和后文
的具体设问。F 选项“Ask yourself what is taking up the most mental space right now.(问问自己，当下什么事
情占据了你最多的思绪)”紧扣“弄清楚压力根源”的主题，是下文一系列设问的前置动作，引导读者主动
探寻压力的具体来源，符合语境。故选F 项。
37．根据本段小标题“Stop carrying everything by yourself (别独自承担所有事)”，以及下文“Over time, this
belief becomes exhausting. Asking for help does not mean you have failed.(久而久之，这种想法会让人身心俱疲。
寻求帮助，并不意味着你失败了)”可知，此空需要先点明人们“独自承担所有事”的错误认知，下文的
“this belief”正是指代这一认知。E 选项“Many people believe strength means handling everything alone.(很多
人认为，坚强就是独自处理所有事情)”紧扣“独自承担”的主题，精准点出人们的这一错误认知，为下文
的“这种想法会让人疲惫”“寻求帮助并非失败”做铺垫，符合语境。故选E 项。
38．根据本段小标题“Lower the bar and fix one small thing (降低期待，解决一件小事)”，以及上文“Instead
of trying to solve everything, focus on the smallest discomfort you can ease in the moment.(与其试图解决所有问
题，不如专注于当下你能缓解的最微小的不适)”、下文“Stretch or step outside if your body feels tense.(如果
身体感到紧张，就伸伸懒腰或走到户外)”可知，此空需要举一个“缓解微小不适”的具体例子，与下文的
例子形成并列，贴合“解决一件小事”的主旨。A 选项“Drink water if you are thirsty.(渴了就喝点水)”紧扣
“缓解微小不适”的核心，是日常生活中极易做到的小事，与下文“身体紧张就伸懒腰、出门”的例子形
式一致，共同佐证“从小事着手”的做法，符合语境。故选A 项。
39．此处为段落小标题，需精准概括本段核心内容。根据下文“ When thoughts refuse to settle, write them
down and give yourself permission to return to them later. Gentle distractions can help shift your focus. Noticing
what is around you, turning off your phone, or spending time outdoors can also bring your attention back to the
present, where worry has less power.(当思绪纷乱时，把它们写下来，允许自己稍后再去思考。温和的转移注
意力的方式，能帮你转换焦点。留意身边的事物、关掉手机、去户外走走，这些都能让你的注意力回到当
下，而在当下，焦虑的力量会变得微弱)”可知，本段核心是建议通过转移注意力、关注当下的方式，让大
脑从纷乱的焦虑思绪中抽离，得到休息。C 选项“Give your mind a break from constant worry.(让你的大脑从
无休止的焦虑中抽离，休息一下)”高度概括本段主旨，“constant worry”对应文中的“thoughts refuse to
settle”，“Give your mind a break”对应文中的“shift your focus”“bring your attention back to the present”，统
领全段内容，符合小标题要求。故选C 项。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节(共4 小题;第40、41 题各2 分，第42 题3 分，第43 题5 分，共12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
When Tina Farr visits the year 2 classroom at her Oxford primary school, she can feel the changed atmosphere
since play was put firmly back on the curriculum (课程). “The children come running up with things they have
made. There is always a shop on the go so they will be pricing up something or finding change.” the headteacher
says.
Play-based learning — letting children move around, make up games and explore within loosely guided
activities — usually stops when they attend primary school. Lessons then become desk-based, focused on reading
and writing.
Farr had long championed the value of play, working hard to bring it into break times. “Teachers would
recognise what we do and it doesn't take any more planning than the standard approach.” With play-based learning
in place for her year 1 and 2 children, Farr then looked at where else she could change any practices that weren’t
working. “If a practice isn’t in line with healthy child development, why are we doing it?”
The school’s year 5 children — aged nine and 10 — were struggling to sit still in a tight space so she removed
all the furniture from the classrooms. “The impact was immediate and impressive. Children now choose where and
how to learn. A class once struggling with attention is now calm and engaged.” A teacher noted: “Their self-
regulation has also improved greatly. They settle down to work much more readily.”
Farr believes the outdated system needs urgent change. “We have neuroscience (神经科学) to know children
learn through play.” In June the school sailed through its Ofsted inspection. “The Inspector really understood our
play-based learning.” Farr’s message is that her approach can be rolled out. “It’s blown my mind how engaged the
children are. It’s phenomenal.” she says.
40．According to the passage, what is play-based learning like?
41．What was the impact of removing all the furniture from year 5 children’s classrooms?
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Farr believes the outdated system needs urgent change, but her approach can be difficult to roll out.
▶
43．Do you think play-based learning can be applied in your school? And why?(In about 40 words)
【答案】40．It is a way of learning that lets children move around, make up games and explore within loosely
guided activities. 41．Children can choose where and how to learn; the class becomes calm and engaged; their
self-regulation improves greatly and they can settle down to work more readily. 42．Farr believes the outdated
system needs urgent change, but her approach can be difficult to roll out. Because The passage clearly states that
Farr’s message is that her approach can be rolled out. 43．Yes, I think so. Because it can make students more
engaged in learning, improve their self-regulation and help them learn in a more relaxed way./No, I don’t think so.
Because my school has a large number of students and limited space, which may make it hard to carry out play-
based learning smoothly.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍牛津一所小学推行游戏化学习的实践及带来的积极效果。
40．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Play-based learning — letting children move around, make up games and
explore within loosely guided activities — usually stops when they attend primary school.(游戏化学习 —— 让孩
子们四处走动、编游戏，并在宽松引导的活动中探索 —— 这种学习方式通常在孩子们上小学后就停止
了)”可知，游戏化学习的特点是让孩子在宽松引导的活动中走动、编游戏并进行探索。故填It is a way of
learning that lets children move around, make up games and explore within loosely guided activities.
41．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The impact was immediate and impressive. Children now choose where
and how to learn. A class once struggling with attention is now calm and engaged. Their self-regulation has also
improved greatly. They settle down to work much more readily.(效果立竿见影且令人印象深刻。孩子们现在可
以选择在哪里以及如何学习。曾经注意力难以集中的班级现在变得安静且专注投入。他们的自我调节能力
也有了很大提升。他们能更迅速地静下心来学习)”可知，移除五年级教室所有家具后，孩子们可自主选择
学习的地点与方式，班级从注意力涣散变得安静专注，自我调节能力大幅提升，能更快进入学习状态。故
填Children can choose where and how to learn; the class becomes calm and engaged; their self-regulation
improves greatly and they can settle down to work more readily.
42．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Farr’s message is that her approach can be rolled out.(法尔表示，她的
这种教学方法可以推广开来)” 可知，原句中错误的部分是but her approach can be difficult to roll out，因为
法尔明确表示她的这种教学方法可以推广开。故填Farr believes the outdated system needs urgent change, but
her approach can be difficult to roll out. Because The passage clearly states that Farr’s message is that her approach
can be rolled out.
43．开放性问答题。结合文章内容，答案符合逻辑和字数要求即可。例如：是的，我认为这种方法可以在
我校实施。因为它可以让学生更加投入学习，提高他们的自我调节能力，帮助他们以更轻松的方式学习。
/不，我不这么认为。因为我的学校人数众多，空间有限，这可能会使游戏式学习难以顺利开展。故填Yes,
I think so. Because it can make students more engaged in learning, improve their self-regulation and help them
learn in a more relaxed way./No, I don’t think so. Because my school has a large number of students and limited
space, which may make it hard to carry out play-based learning smoothly.
第二节(20 分)
44．假设你是振华中学高三学生李津。中国日报旗下的中学生英文报TEENS 在微信公众号上开展“和谐
社区”的短视频展示活动，要求提交视频时附上相关的介绍。你已经拍摄好短视频，现在请按要求为视频
写一篇英文介绍。内容包括：
（1）视频包括的主要内容（文化娱乐、发展邻里关系、尊老爱幼等）；
（2）你选择某个或某些内容的原因；
（3）你制作这个视频的目的。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使内容充实，行文连贯。
参考词汇：和谐社区 Harmonious Community
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【答案】A possible version:
The video focuses on two key themes: building neighborly connections and showing respect for the elderly
and care for the young. It captures scenes of residents chatting in the courtyard, children and seniors planting
flowers together, and volunteers assisting older neighbors with daily tasks.
I chose these themes because harmony, in my view, starts with mutual care and everyday interactions. By
highlighting simple acts — like sharing a smile or playing with children in the community garden — I hope to
remind viewers that harmony is built through small, consistent gestures of kindness. This is especially meaningful
to me as a student, as I have grown up witnessing how these quiet moments of support make our community not
just a place to live, but a place to belong.
Through this video, I invite everyone to look around and contribute to the warmth that makes a community
truly harmonious.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英文介绍，说明你拍摄的“和谐社区”的短视频包括
的主要内容（文化娱乐、发展邻里关系、尊老爱幼等）；你选择某个或某些内容的原因以及你制作这个视
频的目的。
【详解】1.词汇积累
集中：focus on→concentrate on
选择：choose→select
建立：build→establish
始终如一的：consistent→constant
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I chose these themes because harmony, in my view, starts with mutual care and everyday interactions.
拓展句：The reason why I chose these themes is that harmony, in my view, starts with mutual care and everyday
interactions.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I chose these themes because harmony, in my view, starts with mutual care and everyday
interactions.（运用了because 引导原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】Through this video, I invite everyone to look around and contribute to the warmth that makes a
community truly harmonious.（运用了that 引导定语从句）
