专题13 阅读理解记叙文
考点
十年考情（2015-2024）
命题趋势
主题内容
考点分布
记叙文
（10 年
56 篇）
2025 年：全国 Ⅰ 卷（写作课教师的教学感
悟）、全国 Ⅱ 卷（医院教师 Kathy Ho 的
工作）、浙江 1 月卷（作者对孩子饮食教育
的反思）、北京卷（高三学生对成功的重新
定义、作者对社会比较的思考）共 5 篇
2024 年：新课标 Ⅰ 卷（兽医 Farber 的整
体医疗实践）、北京卷（作者重拾油画
梦）、浙江 1 月卷（电话亭变社区图书馆）
共 3 篇
2023 年：新高考全国 Ⅰ 卷（John Todd 的
生态机器）、新高考全国 Ⅱ 卷（Urban
Sprouts 项目）、全国乙卷（风景摄影师的经
历）、全国甲卷（Terri Bolton 的 DIY 经
历）、北京卷（作者的科研经历、零浪费生
活）、浙江 1 月卷（零浪费生活实践）共 6
篇
2022 年：新高考全国 Ⅱ 卷（祖孙对电子设
备的认知差异）、北京卷（Alice 参与自然
保护项目）、浙江卷（作者的跨文化经历、
Merebeth 的宠物运输工作）、天津卷（作者
的自我接纳历程）共 6 篇
2021 年：新高考全国 Ⅰ 卷（律师兼职翻页
员）、新高考全国 Ⅱ 卷（动物园饲养员照
顾虎崽、Andria Zafirakou 的艺术教育项
目）、全国甲卷（作者的滑板经历）、全国
乙卷（Benjamin 的艺术成长、作者的自然探
索）、北京卷（作者参与 OIC 项目）、浙
江卷（Saroo Brierley 寻亲、作者的阅读经
历）、天津卷（作者的写作坚持）共 10 篇
2020 年：新高考全国 Ⅰ 卷（Jenifer Mauer
的求学经历）、新高考全国 Ⅱ 卷（教师的
“奶奶的盒子” 方法）、北京卷（Paula
Smith 重现古代技艺）、浙江卷（作者与图
书馆的故事）共 4 篇
细节理解题
（10 年 42 考）
主要涉及时间、地
点、人物行为、事件
起因等具体信息的查
找与筛选。如 2025
年全国 Ⅱ 卷中 Ho
教授的教学对象，
2024 年新课标 Ⅰ
卷中 Farber 尝试针
灸的原因。
推理判断题
（10 年 10 考）
要求考生根据文中信
息进行合理推断，答
案不能直接从原文找
到。比如 2023 年全
国乙卷中推断作者对
魔鬼湖照片的态度；
2022 年北京卷中从
Alice 的经历推断行
动对焦虑的影响。
主旨大意题
（10 年 3 考）
主要考查对文章整体
内容的把握，理解主
旨或目的。例如
2025 年北京卷中概
括作者对成功的重新
定义；2024 年浙江
卷中总结电话亭变图
书馆的故事核心。
词义猜测题
（10 年 1 考）
考查内容：考查对生
1. 主题贴近生活与成
长：多围绕个人经历、
成长感悟、社会温情等
主题，如个人克服困难
实现目标、人与人之间
的互助与理解、对人生
价值的探索等，注重传
递积极的价值观。
2. 叙事结构相对清晰：
多按时间顺序或事件发
展顺序展开，线索明
确，便于考生梳理情
节，理解故事的起因、
经过和结果，同时会通
过细节描写丰富人物形
象和场景氛围。
3. 考查重点偏向细节与
推理：细节理解题主要
考查对人物、事件、时
间、地点等具体信息的
把握；推理判断题侧重
考查对人物情感、态
度、行为动机以及文章
主旨的推断，要求考生
结合上下文进行合理分
析。
4. 语言风格多样：既有
简洁明了的日常叙事，
也有蕴含情感的细腻描
写，词汇和句式难度适
中，注重考查考生对语
境中词汇含义的理解以
及长难句的分析能力。
5. 融入文化与时代元
素：部分文章会涉及不
同国家的文化习俗、社
2019 年：全国卷 Ⅰ（二年级移民男孩的演
讲）、全国卷 Ⅱ（家长参与志愿者工作）、
北京卷（Alice Moore 的创业经历）、江苏
卷（Steve Goodwin 的音乐救赎）共 4 篇
2018 年：浙江卷（作者的暑期阅读、跨文化
经历）、全国 Ⅲ 卷（作者对极简生活的实
践）、北京卷（作者的马拉松经历）、天津
卷（作者误闯民宅的经历）共 4 篇
2017 年：新课标 Ⅰ 卷（野生动物救助经
历）、新课标 Ⅱ 卷（Paul Newman 与作者
的友谊）、新课标 Ⅲ 卷（Plaza 剧院的最
后时光）、浙江卷（Benjamin West 的艺术
启蒙、移民 Svetlana 的经历）、北京卷
（Taylor 救助同学）、天津卷（作者的摄影
感悟）共 6 篇
2016 年：新课标 Ⅰ 卷（干细胞运输员的经
历）、新课标 Ⅱ 卷（教师的教学方法、南
极探险）、新课标 Ⅲ 卷（Eudora Welty 的
邂逅）、浙江卷（母亲对作者的教育）、北
京卷（Natalie 在飓风后的行动）、江苏卷
（Shelly-Ann 的运动生涯）、上海卷（作者
与诗歌的故事）、天津卷（作者对儿子的认
知转变、克服疲惫的经历）共 8 篇
词或短语含义的推
测。如 2023 年浙江
卷中猜测 “jump on
that bandwagon” 的含
义。
会现象或时代背景，引
导考生关注社会现实，
培养跨文化理解能力。
记叙文
2025 年
Passage 1
【2025 全国一卷】In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict
father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents
rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created
these people, knew their subjects so well.
But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?”
Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论
点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written
pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This
would have to change.
As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice.
This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit
followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁)
and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories,
10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students
demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook
full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s
skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
24．Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1?
A．Ninth graders.
B．Students’ parents.
C．Modern writers.
D．Fictional characters.
25．Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay?
A．They were not given enough time.
B．They had a very limited vocabulary.
C．They misunderstood the question.
D．They had little interest in the topic.
26．What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Mixed.
B．Amazing.
C．Similar.
D．Disturbing.
27．What does the author’s experience show?
A．Teaching is learning.
B．Still waters run deep.
C．Knowledge is power.
D．Practice makes perfect.
【答案】24．D 25．D 26．B 27．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写
作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his
town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after
her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students,
who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了
自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A 的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝
其年少挚爱后心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们
笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构
人物。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a
sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was
the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself,
simply didn’t strike them as important. (大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感
到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没
让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。
故选D。
26．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词下文“The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10
to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. (学生们选取了多样的主题，交
上来的故事每篇都有10 到20 页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可推知，此处指学生
们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹
的、惊人的”，与B 选项“Amazing (惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。
27．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“I walked into class believing that writing is important
as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the
final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance
— the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. (我走进教室时
坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，
我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思
考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，
自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teaching is learning (教学相
长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。
Passage 2
【2025 全国二卷】Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford
(LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what
teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.”
“Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is
free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a
week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing
them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.
Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re
scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says.
“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”
There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers
to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they
express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care
about their schoolwork.”
Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers ( 同龄人) outside the
hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain
management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids
have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
24．Who does Ho teach at LPCH?
A．Sick children.
B．Young nurses.
C．Medical students.
D．Patients’ parents.
25．What is a characteristic of Ho’s job?
A．Prioritizing academics.
B．Encouraging innovation.
C．Treating various diseases.
D．Playing multiple roles.
26．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4?
A．Offering regular lessons.
B．Paying extra attention.
C．Assigning no schoolwork.
D．Showing no sympathy.
27．How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good?
A．It eases peer pressure.
B．It helps them live in hope.
C．It frees them from aches.
D．It entertains them with stories.
【答案】24．A 25．D 26．C 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Kathy Ho 在斯坦福露西尔
帕卡德儿童医院（
・
LPCH）担任教师
的工作情况，介绍了医院学校学生的情况、她工作的特点以及医院学校对学生的益处。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中““Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also
become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning.
About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will
recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. (“这
里”指的是386 室，每年约有500 名露西尔
帕卡德儿童医院（
・
LPCH）的患者在这里成为学生。这所医
院学校里没有家长、医生，也没有医疗程序。它是一个学习的地方。Ho 老师的学生中，约有一半只待一
周或更短时间，其他人则会待一年以上。大多数学生最终会康复，这意味着，帮助他们做好重返学校的准
备正成为护理工作中日益重要的组成部分)” 可知，Ho 在露西尔
帕卡德儿童医院（
・
LPCH）教生病的孩子。
故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a
hospital teacher. (我是一名教练、一名顾问和一名安慰者，这就是作为一名医院教师的意义)”可知，Ho 工作
的一个特点是扮演多种角色。故选D。
26．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词所在句“Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they
express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. (一些老师不给孩子们布置任何作业，
而是表达同情。Ho 说：“我觉得这对孩子们是一种伤害”)” 可推知，其中的“it”指的是不给孩子们布置
作业这件事。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Julie Good 所说的“It’s about problem-solving around what it means to
have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and
grow. (这关乎围绕 “何为充实人生” 展开的问题解决。那些孩子拥有梦想，而学校能通过为他们提供学
习与成长的途径，让这些梦想得以延续)”可推知，Good 认为医院学校通过让孩子保持学习和成长，帮助他
们维系梦想，即帮助他们生活在希望中。故选B。
Passage 3
【2025 浙江1 月卷】When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was
on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took
me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I
encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But
one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on
snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact.
According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents,
saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced
that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily
healthy.”
Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of
Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids
themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more
cookies than carrots.
Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions.
“When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel
better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.”
I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better
decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if
they don’t eat it, they’ re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.”
24．What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph?
A．She is upset by her kids’ weight.
B．She is critical of the way she was fed.
C．She is interested in making food.
D．She is particular about what she eats.
25．Which of the following would Markey disapprove of?
A．Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally.
B．Offering various foods to kids at fixed times.
C．Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks.
D．Talking with kids about school at mealtimes.
26．What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”?
A．Make diet decisions on their own.
B．Share their food with other kids.
C．Eat up what is provided for them.
D．Help their parents do the dishes.
27．What does the author think of the strategies she has been following?
A．Costly.
B．Complex.
C．Workable.
D．Contradictory.
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者自己因童年时被灌输饮食观念而影响了与食物的关系，心理学家建
议家长在饮食上少干预，作者尝试策略后发现孩子能做更好的饮食决策。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. ‘You don’t want to get
fat’ was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something
that took me years to overcome. (当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知什么不能吃。“你不想变胖”这句
话在我整个童年时期不断重复。这真的搞砸了我与食物的关系 —— 这是我花了多年时间才克服的问题)”
可知，作者童年时被灌输的饮食观念对其产生了负面影响，由此可推断出，作者对自己童年时被喂养的方
式持批判态度。故选B 项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段“According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the
rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. ‘There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk
through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,’ she says. ‘It just creates some worries and insecurities in
kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.’ (根据心理学教授夏洛特·马基的说法，食物是为数不多的家长说得少反而
更好的话题之一。“在育儿方面，有很多事情值得深入讨论，但我不认为食物是其中之一，”她说。“这
只会给孩子们带来一些不必要的担忧和不安全感，这并不健康。”)”可知，马基不赞成家长和孩子过多谈
论食物相关的话题，而向孩子解释吃零食的风险属于谈论食物的话题，所以马基不会赞成。故选C 项。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, she recommends applying a well known concept among nutrition
experts called the ‘Division of Responsibility,’ where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids
at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means
occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. (相反，她建议应用营养专家中一个著名的概念，即‘责任划
分’，在这个概念中，家长在固定的时间为孩子提供各种主要是健康的食物，而孩子自己决定想吃什么和
吃多少 —— 即使这意味着偶尔吃的饼干比胡萝卜多)”可知，根据“责任划分”，孩子应该自己做饮食决
策。故选A 项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less
restrictive, they do make better decisions. (我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我不那么严格限制时，他们确实
会做出更好的决策)”可知，孩子们确实会做出更好的决策，所以作者会认为自己所遵循的策略是可行的。
故选C 项。
Passage 4
【2025 北京卷】Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges
will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success”
form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? The shadow of
this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us.
My first step of redefining success began with course registrations. It is a well-known fact, especially in my
school, that Junior year is the time of packing many AP classes into the schedule. When asked why they chose so
many AP classes, my friends responded: “I don’t know.” They themselves don’t know why they are following the
crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty. Therefore, they do not feel the satisfaction of being
academically challenged.
Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per
year is a norm set by top universities. Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only
chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received
but to the pure joy of learning.
Even my failures are attached to a feeling of success; after I take a step back and look at the big picture, I see
them as a launching pad (平台) for my next big achievement. In the ninth grade, I went in for my first group
interview for a leadership position as a shy girl. Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of
the interview with an upset look. Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the
senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself.
This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling
myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little.
24. Throughout the Junior year, what was the author’s major concern?
A. Pressure from choosing AP classes.
B. Performance in group interviews.
C. Competition with seniors.
D. Recognition by colleges.
25. The author chose fewer AP classes because of _______.
A. her own understanding of success
B. her desire for academic challenges
C. her strong urge to follow the crowd
D. her dream of entering a top university
26. Which would best describe the author’s first group interview?
A Dignifying.
B. Rewarding.
C. Engaging.
D. Relaxing.
27. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Everyone is the maker of their own success.
B. Success favours those with a golden heart.
C. Success knocks at your door only once.
D. A college holds the key to success.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在高三时对大学申请和成功定义的反思，不再盲目
追随他人选择大量AP 课程，而是基于个人兴趣选课，并从失败的小组面试中学习，通过自我调整最终获
得领导职位。
【24 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what
colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word
“success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? (在
整个高三期间，我和我的同学们一直担心，当大学将我们的整个人生故事浓缩成一篇200 字的短文时，他
们会看到什么。当他们回顾我们的成就时，脑海中会浮现出‘成功’这个金灿灿的词汇吗？还是会看到用
红色标注的‘失败’这个醒目的大字？)”可知，作者在高三年级主要担心的是大学对他们的认可。故选
D。
【25 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only
chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. (我决心追随自己对成功的直觉理解，只选择了两门我确信自己会
喜欢的课程。)”可知，作者选择较少的AP 课程是因为她自己对成功的理解。故选A。
【26 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the
senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself. (然而，这次面试并
不是一次浪费的机会。我和一位高年级的申请者交谈，她回答问题的方式反映了她对自己的信心。)”以及
最后一段中“This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview
while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came
little by little. (今年，我带着开放的心态和新的知识，再次走进集体面试的现场，告诉自己我就是那位自信
满满的高年级学生。最终，我成功获得了一个领导职位。成功，就这样一点点地向我走来。)”可知，作者
认为第一次面试是有收获的，因为它让作者从中学到了东西，并影响了她后来的面试表现。故选B。
【27 题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第三段中“Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt
success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. (我决心追随自己对成功的直觉理解，只选择
了两门我确信自己会喜欢的课程。)”以及最后一段中“This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in
mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a
leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. (今年，我带着开放的心态和新的知识，再次走进
集体面试的现场，告诉自己我就是那位自信满满的高年级学生。最终，我成功获得了一个领导职位。成功，
就这样一点点地向我走来。)”可知，作者通过自己的经历表明，成功并非由大学或外界标准定义，而是源
于自我认知与努力。“Everyone is the maker of their own success. (每个人都是自己成功的创造者。)” 符合
题意。故选A。
Passage 5
【2025 北京卷】Not too long ago, on a cold winter night, there was a teenager who wanted more screen time
and a parent who said no. The teenager was advocating for her right to scroll (翻屏) for an extra 30 minutes. The
parent argued that none of her friends’ parents let them have screens after 9 o’clock. “I thought, in this family, we
don’t compare ourselves with other people, Dad?” the teenager replied. The parent — who was me, by the way —
just got served. Since they were young, I have told my kids not to compare themselves with other people. I have
argued countless times that comparisons are the “thief of joy”.
Although my daughter didn’t win, she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given. In
my defence, I did what we’ve all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances. But
now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is
unhealthy.
Social comparisons do, of course, often get us into emotional trouble. But they can be harnessed (利用) for
our betterment if we understand how they work. The social comparisons we make — ones that lead us to feel good
or bad about ourselves — are vital to our ability to thrive (成长). Science provides a guide we can use to harness
the way we perform these comparisons to reduce their negative emotional impacts.
Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on
the things they have and you don’t, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of
motivation, for example, “If they can achieve that, so can I.” Comparing yourself with someone who is doing worse
than you could result in fear and worry if you think about how you could fall into similar circumstances, or it can
draw out feelings of gratitude and appreciation if you use that comparison to broaden your views — for example,
“Wow, things could be much worse; I’m doing great.”
What I wish I taught my daughter earlier are these nuances. How we feel about ourselves rests not just on
whom we compare ourselves with but also on how we think about that comparison. That’s something we all have
control over.
28. How did the author feel about his daughter’s argument?
A. Excited.
B. Inspired.
C. Energized.
D. Relieved.
29. What does the word “nuances” underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Major achievements.
B. Complex feelings.
C. Significant impacts.
D. Fine differences.
30. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Become a Healthy Habit
B. Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Strengthen Family Ties
C. Social Comparisons Can Get Us into Emotional Trouble
D. Social Comparisons Can Be Controlled by Science
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己和女儿关于能否延长看屏幕时间的争论，引出对社会
比较这一观念的思考，指出并非所有社会比较都不健康，若理解其原理，可加以利用促进自我提升。
【28 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Although my daughter didn’t win, she did help expose one of the worst pieces of
advice I have ever given. (虽然我女儿没有赢，但她确实帮助揭露了我曾经给出的最糟糕的建议之一。)” 以
及后文作者对社会比较的重新思考可知，作者从女儿的争论中得到了启发。故选B。
【29 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“ In my defence, I did what we’ve all done before, which is repeat received wisdom
without exploring the nuances. But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea
that all social comparison is unhealthy. (为自己辩护一下，我做了我们所有人都做过的事，就是重复那些大家
都认可的观点，却没有探究其中的____。但现在是时候纠正这个观点了，首先要质疑所有社会比较都是不
健康的这一想法。)” 可知，作者之前只是重复普遍观点，没有深入探究不同情况，现在要重新审视，所以
“nuances”意思可能是 “细微差别”。故选D。
【30 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Social comparisons do, of course, often get us into emotional trouble. But they can be
harnessed (利用) for our betterment if we understand how they work. (当然，社会比较常常会给我们带来情感困
扰。但如果我们了解其运作原理，就可以利用它们来提升自我。)”，以及第四段 “Comparing yourself with
someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you
don’t, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation (如果你关注那
些比你表现出色的人所拥有而你没有的东西，与他们比较可能会导致嫉妒之情；但如果你将这些比较作为
动力来源，它也可以让你充满活力并受到鼓舞)” 等内容，表明了社会比较并非全然有害，若运用得当可成
为健康习惯，助力个人发展。所以选项 A“与他人比较可以成为一种健康的习惯”为最佳标题，故选A。
2024 年
Passage 1
【2024 新课标Ⅰ卷】“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针
灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his
coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a
small but growing number of American veterinarians ( 兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining
traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became
interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing
drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he
improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So,
after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she
was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to
keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more
easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication,
he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from
30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal.
That’s my job.”
24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him?
A. He’s odd.
B. He’s strict.
C. He’s brave.
D. He’s rude.
25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?
A. He was trained in it at university.
B. He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C. He benefited from it as a patient.
D. He wanted to save money for pet owners.
26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment.
B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C. Examples of rare animal diseases.
D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?
A. To prove Farber’s point.
B. To emphasize its importance.
C. To praise veterinarians.
D. To advocate animal protection.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用
于动物，并取得了初步成效。
【24 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers
occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑
他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber 的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。
【25 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he
improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So,
after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一
种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的
病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber 作为患者从针
灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。
【26 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a
heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so
much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse,
Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有
严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的
狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎
按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber 通过整体
医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy 在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒
适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
【27 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with
time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic
Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越
来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982 年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从
30 个增加到700 多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的
会员已经从30 个增加到700 多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。
Passage 2
【2024 北京卷】When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at
home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped
individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns.
In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since. I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the
art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low
grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless.
But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions
often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made
painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it.
Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil
painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice.
One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed
me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of
energy, giving me back something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I
bought some oil paints.
Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I
now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-
anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going.
Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much.
That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments.
24. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam?
A. Scared.
B. Worried.
C. Discouraged.
D. Wronged.
25. In her 30s, the author _________.
A. avoided oil painting practice
B. sought for a painting career
C. fancied abstract painting
D. exhibited child paintings
26. Which word would best describe the author’s dream?
A. Confusing.
B. Empowering.
C. Disturbing.
D. Entertaining.
27. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Actions speak louder than words.
B. Hard work is the mother of success.
C. Dreams are the reflections of realities.
D. Creative activities involve being confident.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者
对绘画失去了信心。在40 岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。
【24 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-
confident. Now I’d been declared talentless.(我觉得很难，但仍希望能通过测试。我没有通过，而且成绩很低。
我过于自信了。现在，我被宣布为毫无(油画)天赋的人了)”并结合下文中作者多年不碰油画的经历可推知，
作者对美术考试的结果感到气馁。故选C。
【25 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art.(在我30 多
岁时，我结交了画家朋友们，学到了看待艺术的新方法)”和“Though these new friends were abstract painters
using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed
to practice. (虽然这些新朋友是使用油画颜料的抽象画师，或者是版画家或雕塑家，但我把油画作为禁忌的
高级形式，不允许我练习)”可知，作者在30 多岁时回避练习油画。故选A。
【26 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me
back something I’d lost. (这个梦给我的感觉是如此的权威，它震撼了我。它是能量的一种形式，让我回我失
去了的东西)”可知，作者的梦赋予作者练习油画的力量。故选B。
【27 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid
of wanting too much. (成为一名成功的画家需要有决心。我意识到我总是害怕想要得太多)”及文章内容可
知，本文主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者对绘画失去了信心。在40
岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。由此可推知，我们能从文章中学
到创作活动需要自信，故选D。
Passage 3
【2024 浙江1 月卷】When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone
call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose
was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to
impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit
candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”.
As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked
outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory
Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time
to get back in before the actors arrived.
As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public
telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by
can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.
For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be
stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous
books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to
experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great
books!
If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect
me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
4. What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to?
A. The play.
B. The shared house.
C. The sofa.
D. The telephone box.
5. Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006?
A. To place an urgent call.
B. To put up a notice.
C. To shelter from the rain.
D. To hold an audition.
6. What do we know about the “mini community library”?
A. It provides phone service for free.
B. Anyone can contribute to its collection.
C. It is popular among young readers.
D. Books must be returned within a month.
7. Why did the author start to use the “library”?
A. He wanted to borrow some love stories.
B. He was encouraged by a close neighbour.
C. He found there were excellent free books.
D. He thought it was an ideal place for reading.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。随着手机的普及，电话亭渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被
改造成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费书籍，这让作者觉得很棒。
【4 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段第五句“I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in
London.(我当时在伦敦我那狭小的合租房子里为我的剧本进行试演。)”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租房
看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以it 代指“合租房”。故选B。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing
agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.(所以，我打电
话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回
去。)”可知，作者在2006 年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。
【6 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any
passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own
collection.(最后一个被改造成了一个“迷你社区图书馆”：任何路过的人都可以从它的书架上“借”书，
以后还回来，或者用自己收藏的另一本书来替换。)”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”的捐赠图
书。故选B。
【7 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后四句“Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of
voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged
me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some
great books!(然后我注意到福克正在进行春季大扫除，把各种主题的大书一箱箱地扔到那里。而且这些书是
免费的。这个无与伦比的价格点鼓励我尝试许多我通常不会考虑购买的标题。我还发现了一些很棒的
书！)”可知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书，所以开始使用。故选C。
2023 年
Passage 1
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house,
observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through
plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could
be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking
questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing
chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way
nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he
constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and
streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these
different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the
sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to
eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage
(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a
city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for
the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these
new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling.
B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind.
D. He longed to be a doctor.
5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals.
B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants.
D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s research plans.
B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs.
D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
7. What is the basis for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair itself.
B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse.
D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd 从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用
自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house,
observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through
plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could
be used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的
树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变
得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying
agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can
certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?(在大学学习了
农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？
哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”
以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as
food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到
惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”
可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-
like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to
clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类
似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600 户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部
城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
【7 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you
let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然
后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
Passage 2
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for
middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science
skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food
restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of
soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though
some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as
soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a
year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say
they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that
they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a
calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get
outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?
A. She used to be a health worker.
B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant.
D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her.
B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work.
D. There was no space for school gardens.
6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?
A. Far-reaching.
B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived.
D. Unidentifiable.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Rescuing School Gardens
B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers
D. Changing Local Landscape
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo 等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，
环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts 花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位
老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts
的发起者。故选D。
【5 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are
awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something
new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，
对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选
C。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so
interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the
garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional
control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。
有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo 的特
殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成
功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情
绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
【7 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science
skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在
四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和
健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo 等老师在低收入学校发起的培养
学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts 花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响
深远。因此推断B 项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
Passage 3
【2023 年全国乙卷】 Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景)
can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.
Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find
distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours
away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the
countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the
right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed
plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英)
rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to
photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We
managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the
route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting
lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots
though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
4. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest?
A. By teaming up with other photographers.
B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks.
C. By studying the geographical conditions.
D. By creating settings in the corn fields.
5. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author?
A. Proper time management.
B. Good shooting techniques.
C. Adventurous spirit.
D. Distinctive styles.
6. What can we infer from the author trip with friends to Devil’s Lake?
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D. They had problems with their emipment.
7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake?
A. Amusing.
B. Satisfying.
C. Encouraging.
D. Comforting.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go
on adventures and take photos along the way. (我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”
可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。
【5 题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they
could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这
些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更
好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing
the sunset entirely. (然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔
鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。
【7 题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they
could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这
些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更
好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。
Passage 4
【2023 年全国甲卷】Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up
shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26,
accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money. She
says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout
the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from
losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always
like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a
room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more
than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average
spend per project will be around £823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth
wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research
shows it is women now leading the charge.
24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?
A. An artist.
B. A winner.
C. A specialist.
D. A pioneer.
25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £5 a day?
A. For a birthday gift.
B. As a treat for her work.
C. To support her DIY projects.
D. To encourage her to take up a hobby.
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?
A. By making it look like before.
B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate.
D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
27. What trend in DIY does the research show?
A. It is becoming more costly.
B. It is getting more time-consuming.
C. It is turning into a seasonal industry.
D. It is gaining popularity among females.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY 高手Terri Boltonis 的技能以及DIY 项目可能会在女
性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。
【4 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she
never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己
能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis 是一位DIY 高手。C 项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近
画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
【5 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From
the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded
with £ 5 in pocket money. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26 岁
的Terri 就在学校放假期间陪Derek 去上班。一天的工作得到了5 英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks
and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工
作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri 的祖父每天给她5 英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故
选B。
【6 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid
any charges when I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用
是很有用的)”可推知，Terri 是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故
选A。
【7 题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge (研究表明，现在是
女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY 将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
Passage 5
【2023 年北京卷】Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart
raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and
“the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…”and my vision
blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research
programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for.
I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the
road for my science career.
So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme,
invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally
shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab.
What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.
I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely.
That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived
the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue.
When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired
research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that
had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from
sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited
about.
Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered,
even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.
24. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name?
A. Anxious.
B. Angry.
C. Surprised.
D. Settled.
25. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________.
A. criticise the review process
B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert
C. apply to the original project again
D. put his heart and soul into the lab work
26. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________.
A. demanding
B. inspiring
C. misleading
D. amusing
27. What can we learn from this passage?
A. An invitation is a reputation.
B. An innovation is a resolution.
C. A rejection can be a redirection.
D. A reflection can be a restriction.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的
拒绝给予了更好的方向。
【24 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr
Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are
sorry to inform you…”and my vision blurred (模糊). (当我看到邮件发件人的名字时，我的心跳加速了。这封
邮件是这样开头的：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”，“审核过程比预期的要长。”信的结尾是“我
们很抱歉地通知你……”，我的视线模糊了)”可知，收到的是被拒绝的邮件，所以推测作者在看到电子邮
件发件人的名字时感到焦虑。故选A。
【25 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was
running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few
weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I
could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I
was going to give it my all. (因此，当我收到这封邮件后不久，负责这个项目的玛丽·德文教授邀请我去她
的实验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到非常震惊。我欣然接受了这个机会，几周后，当她邀请我和她谈
谈我可以在她的实验室里从事的潜在项目时，我同样感到震惊——同时也是欣喜若狂。她提出的建议似乎
没有我最初申请的项目那么令人兴奋，但我打算全力以赴)”可知，与德文教授交谈后，作者决定全心全意
地投入实验室工作。故选D。
【26 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data
from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the
desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new
scientific interest to pursue. (我发现自己和一个机器人教授一起研究从沙漠中远程收集数据的技术。我可以
在沙发上完成这个项目，而不是在沙漠的酷热中完成，它不仅在封锁期间幸存下来，而且在传统方法不奏
效的地方也奏效了。最后，我有了新的科学兴趣去追求)”可推知，机器人学教授的项目很鼓舞人心。故选
B。
【27 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the
opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. (我明白了
有时候我需要抓住提供
机会，即使这些机会在当时听起来并不完美，也要充分利用，而不是一成不变地
制定计划)”结合文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更
好的方向。故C 选项“拒绝可以是重定向”最符合文章的主旨。故选C。
Passage6
【2023 年浙江1 月卷】Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if
you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that
bandwagon.
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my
parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned
a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out
how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea
Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days
later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to
carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my
own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able
to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a
bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but
you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others
comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who
are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
24．What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph?
A．Share an apartment with you.
B．Join you in what you’re doing.
C．Transform your way of living.
D．Help you to make the decision.
25．What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars?
A．He disapproved of it.
B．He was favorable to it.
C．He was tolerant of it.
D．He didn’t care about it.
26．What can we infer about the author?
A．She is quite good at cooking.
B．She respects others’ privacy.
C．She enjoys being a housewife.
D．She is a determined person.
27．What is the text mainly about?
A．How to get on well with other family members.
B．How to have one’s own personal space at home.
C．How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D．How to control the budget when buying groceries.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。
24．词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not
everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备
好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if
you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个
过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改
变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入
这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jump on that bandwagon 与Join you in what you’re doing.(加入你正在做的事
情)意思接近。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and
my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.(几天后，
我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推
知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was
within my own reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps your
household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make
the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”
可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not
everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不
是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though,
which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-
always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭
中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费
的生活方式。故选C。
2022 年记叙文
Passage1
【2022 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia
tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.
This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.
I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.
Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he
reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the
page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the
boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He
thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your
grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce
audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera,
since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal
story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.
Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I
will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.
4. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Provided shelter for me.
B. Became very clear to me.
C. Took the pressure off me.
D. Worked quite well on me.
5. Why did the kid poke the storybook?
A. He took it for a tablet computer.
B. He disliked the colorful pictures.
C. He was angry with his grandpa.
D. He wanted to read it by himself.
6. What does the author think of himself?
A. Socially ambitious.
B. Physically attractive.
C. Financially independent.
D. Digitally competent.
7. What can we learn about the author as a journalist?
A. He lacks experience in his job.
B. He seldom appears on television.
C. He manages a video department.
D. He often interviews internet stars.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童
读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。
【4 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools.
Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal. ”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting
with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. ”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故
事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而
这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。
故选B。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a
tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my
storybook was like that. (事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开
心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故
事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。
【6 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I
edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，
我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为
自己懂数码技术。故选D。
【7 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent
little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. (然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差
距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。
Passage 2
【2022 年北京卷】My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my
ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at
this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I
did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.
One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His
presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the
world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my
courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was
where my story began.
A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that
this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and
more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth
for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to
completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect
nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.
I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 )
this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so
many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every
opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our
action.
24. What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety?
A. Her inability to act her age.
B. Her habit of consumption.
C. Her desire to be perfect.
D. Her lack of inspiration.
25. How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice?
A. She decided to do something for nature.
B. She tasted the sweetness of friendship.
C. She learned about the harm of desire.
D. She built up her courage to speak up.
26. The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________.
A. intelligent
B. confident
C. innovative
D. critical
27. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Practice makes perfect.
B. Patience is a cure of anxiety.
C. Action is worry’s worst enemy.
D. Everything comes to those who wait.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。
24.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at
whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要
根源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)”可知，是要求完
美导致了焦虑。故选C 项。
25.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my
high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a
difference in the world. (一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者Grant Brown 的演讲。他的演讲不仅让
我感到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。)”和文章第三段“
Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups
were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a
part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. (在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中
就收到了加入“Youth for Nature”和“Youth for Plane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就
成为了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知，是Grant Brown 让作者开始为从事保护
自然地活动中。故选A 项。
26.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a
growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my
confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都
让我更加自信。)”可知，Alice 加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选B 项。
27.【解析】
推理判断题。由第一段“ Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do
anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情
的能力。）由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a
growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my
confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都
让我更加自信。)可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我
们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C 项。
Passage 3
【2022 年浙江卷6 月】Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone
who had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my
kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from
those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were
almost as diverse as the students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language.
Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a
recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language.
Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind
forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much
like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-
speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to
converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in
Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be
fluent in two languages.
In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse
population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This
work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the
streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity.
1. What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn?
A. Time passed quickly.
B. English was hard to learn.
C. The food was terrible.
D. People were very different.
2. Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A An Italian teacher.
B. A government official.
C. The author herself.
D. The author’s classmate.
3. How did the summer job benefit the author?
A. It strengthened her love for school.
B. It helped sharpen her sense of direction.
C. It opened her eyes to the real world.
D. It made her childhood dream come true.
【答案】l.D 2.C
3.C
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界
的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。
1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my
kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from
those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁
克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，
也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brooklyn 的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。
故选D。
2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“For the past three summers, I have worked in a government
agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. (过
去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐
的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in
a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午
餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，
工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“ This work expanded my mind in ways that are
impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer
confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙
的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，
我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。
Passage 4
【2022 年浙江卷1 月】 For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport
specialist. Her pet transport job was bom of the financial crisis （危机）in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the
real estate （房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left
her looking for a new job. One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost.
She took it home, and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure, but 1, 600 miles away.
It didn't take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.
Merebeth*s pet delivery service also satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except
Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet
with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavy
flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. She moved their family from Canada to California
when she was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated
from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where
she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking.
It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30, 000 per year before tax. She doesn't work in
summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning. As autumn comes,
she gets restless—the same old wanderlust returning. It’s a call she must heed alone, though. Merebeth says,
*'When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly
that I mush help animals.
1. Why did Merebeth changed her job?
A. She wanted to work near her home.
B. She was tired of working in the office.
C. Her sister asked her to move to Denver.
D. Her former employer was out of business.
2.
The word "wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire to
?
A.
make money.
B. try various jobs.
C. be close to nature.
D. travel to different places.
3 What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job?
A.
She has chances to see rare animals.
B.
She works hard throughout the year.
C.
She relies on herself the whole time.
D.
She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
【答案】l.D 2.D
3.C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth 从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专
家。
【1 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中 “ The downturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had worked for ten
years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.（她曾在一家房地产公司做
了 10 年 的办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。公司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）”，可知，
Merebeth 之所以换 工作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。
【2 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中 “ It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and
Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there.
She travels in all weathers.（她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。
如果她想去一个新 的地方，她只需要找到一个有交通需要的宠物。她风雨无阻地旅行）”，可知，划线
词的意思是“渴望去不 同的地方旅行”。故选D。
【3 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “ When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been
independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals.（当我在路上的时候，我只是在自己的世
界 里。我一直很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）”，可知，Merebeth 在她的新工作中一直都是靠
自己。 故选C。
Passage 5
【2022 年浙江卷6 月】Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone
who had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my
kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from
those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were
almost as diverse as the students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language.
Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a
recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language.
Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind
forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much
like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-
speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to
converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in
Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be
fluent in two languages.
In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse
population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This
work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the
streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity.
1. What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn?
A. Time passed quickly.
B. English was hard to learn.
C. The food was terrible.
D. People were very different.
2. Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A An Italian teacher.
B. A government official.
C. The author herself.
D. The author’s classmate.
3. How did the summer job benefit the author?
A. It strengthened her love for school.
B. It helped sharpen her sense of direction.
C. It opened her eyes to the real world.
D. It made her childhood dream come true.
【答案】l.D 2.C
3.C
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界
的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。
1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my
kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from
those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁
克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，
也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brooklyn 的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。
故选D。
2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“For the past three summers, I have worked in a government
agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. (过
去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐
的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in
a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午
餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，
工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“ This work expanded my mind in ways that are
impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer
confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙
的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，
我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。
Passage 6
【2022 年天津卷第二次】I’m an 18-year-old pre-medical student, tall nd good-looking, with two short story
books and quite a number of essays my credit. Why am I singing such praises of myself? Just to explain that he
attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself
as one is. That was where my struggle began.
Born and raised in Africa，I had always taken my African origin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled
when my family had to relocate to Norway, where I attended a high school. Compared to all the white girls around
me, with their golden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nose often had a thin
sheet of sweat on it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying “I’m so different!”
What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering (口吃), which had weakened my self-
confidence. It always stood between me and any fine opportunity. I’d taken it as an excuse to avoid any public
speaking sessions, and unknowingly let it rule over me.
Fortunately, as I grew older, there came a turning point. One day a white girl caught my eye on the school bus
when she suddenly turned back. To my astonishment, she had a thin sheet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in
November! “Wow,” I whispered to myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. It’s perfectly normal.”
Days later, my life took an-other twist(转折). Searching the internet for stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that
such famous people as Isaac Newton and Winston Churchill also stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea
suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shouldn’t allow my stuttering to stand between me and my success.
Another boost to my self-confidence came days later as I was watching the news about Oprah Winfrey, the
famous talkshow host and writer—she’s black too! Whenever I think of her story and my former dislike of my
color, I’m practically filled with shame.
Today, I’ve grown to accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling of uniqueness. The idea of self-
love has taken on a whole new meaning for me: there’s always something fantastic about us, and what w need to do
is learn to appreciate it.
41. What affected the author’s adjustment to her school life in Norway!
A. Her appearance
B. Social discrimɪnation.
C. Her changing emotions.
D. The climate in Norway.
42. What did the author’s occasional stuttering bring about according on Paragraph 3?
A. Her lack of self-confidence.
B. Her loss of interest in school.
C. Her unwillingness to greet her classmates.
D. Her desire for chances to improve herself.
43. How did the author feel on noticing the similarity between her and ne girl on the bus?
A. Blessed and proud.
B. Confused and afraid.
C. Amazed and relieved.
D. Shocked and ashamed.
44. What lesson did the author learn from the cases of Newton and Churchill?
A. Great minds speak alike.
B. Stuttering is no barrier to success.
C. Wisdom counts more than hard work.
D. Famous people can’t live with their weaknesses.
45. What can best summarize the message contained in the passage?
A. Pride comes before a fall.
B. Where there is a will, there is a way.
C. Self-acceptance is based on the love for oneself.
D Self-love is key to the attainment of self-pride.
【答案】41. A 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在非洲长大的经历，在成长的过程中作者意识到一个人要获得
自尊就要首先学会接受自己本来的面目。
【41 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中第二段“Compared to all the white girls around me, with their golden hair and delicate
lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nose often had a thin sheet of sweat on it, whatever the
weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying “I’m so different!”(与我周围所有有着金色头发和精
致嘴唇的白人女孩相比，我，一个黑人女孩，有着卷曲的头发和饱满的红唇。无论天气如何，我的鼻子上
经常有一层薄薄的汗水。我只想把自己埋在壳里哭着“我太不一样了！”)”可知，作者的外表与其他的孩
子不同，这使得作者不容易适应学校的生活。故选A 项。
【42 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering(口吃),
which had weakened my self-confidence.(导致我自我厌恶的还有我偶尔的口吃，这削弱了我的自信心。)”可
知，作者的口吃导致作者失去了自信。故选A 项。
【43 题详解】
推理判断题。文中第四段提到“To my astonishment, she had a thin sheet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in
November!(令我惊讶的是，她的鼻子上也有薄薄的汗水，而且是在十一月！)”可知，作者见到小女孩儿感
到很惊讶，根据句子中““Wow,” I whispered to myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. It’s
perfectly normal.”(“哇，”我低声对自己说，“这毕竟不是遗传疾病。这很正常。”)”可知，作者此刻感到
很放松。故选C 项。
【44 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I
shouldn’t allow my stuttering to stand between me and my success.(我大大地松了一口气，然后一个想法突然出
现在我脑海中——如果我聪明，我不应该让我的口吃阻碍我和我的成功。)”可知,作者意识到口吃不应该是
自己成功的障碍。故选B 项。
【45 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Just to explain that he attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love,
and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself as one is. That was where my struggle began.(只是为了解释
他获得自尊来自大量的自爱，而要获得它，一个人必须首先学会接受自己的本来面目。这就是我挣扎开始
的地方。)”可知，本文要讲述的是作者在经历中感悟到要想有自尊，首先要自爱。故选D 项。
2021 年记叙文
Passage1
【2021 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria
Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so
I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four
years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the
flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure
you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to
50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has
their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for
the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said,
“Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once
asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I
have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?
A. Read music.
B. Play the piano.
C. Sing songs.
D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage?
A. Boring.
B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding.
D. Dangerous.
26. What does Titterton need to practise?
A. Counting the pages.
B. Recognizing the “nodding”.
C. Catching falling objects.
D. Performing in his own style.
27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”?
A He has very poor eyesight.
B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music.
D. He forgets to do his job.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Robert Titterton 和他的工作情况。
【24 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her
performance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria 的表演中帮助她)”可知，
Titterton 因为识谱，所以可以在Maria 的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A 项。
【25 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages
at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.(这项工作需要
很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为
钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Titterton 的工作要求是很高的。故选C 项。
【26 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“ Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of
“nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每
个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Titterton 需要和钢琴
演奏者练习识别他们的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B 项。
【27 题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他
对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Raspopova 的丈夫
因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D
项。
Passage 2
【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and
Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it
to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us
really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them
into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there
was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were
asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the
morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were
some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a
bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we
knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan
was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time
that we had them.
4. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home?
A. To ensure their survival.
B. To observe their differences.
C. To teach them life skills.
D. To let them play with his kids.
5. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Behave badly.
B. Lose their way.
C. Sleep soundly.
D. Miss their mom.
6. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?
A. Boring.
B. Tiring.
C. Costly.
D. Risky.
7. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo?
A. They frightened the children.
B. They became difficult to contain.
C. They annoyed the neighbours.
D. They started fighting each other.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍
了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided
to give them round-the-clock care at home. (在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成
年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。
【5 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the
day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd ”（随着它们的活动越来
越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它
们会）以及后文“We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking
like a zoo.”（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得
不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七
八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to
look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired.(由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，
事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累)”可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。
故选B。
【7 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open
doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go.(当Spot 和Stripe 四个月大的时候，他们
正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spot 和Stripe 送回动物
园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B。
Passage 3
【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's
Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom
revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of
the arts in our schools.”
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-
coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past twelve years. “I've
seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and
their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact
with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to
see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not
just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.
What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our
visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries."
8. What will Zafirakou do with her prize money?
A. Make a movie.
B. Build new schools.
C. Run a project.
D. Help local musicians.
9. What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools?
A. It is particularly difficult.
B. It increases artists' income.
C. It opens children's mind.
D. It deserves greater attention.
10. What should be stressed in school education according to Schama?
A. Moral principles.
B. Interpersonal skills.
C. Creative abilities.
D. Positive worldviews.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Bring Artists to Schools
B. When Historians Meet Artists
C. Arts Education in Britain
D. The World's Best Arts Teacher
【答案】8 C 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了100 万英镑的奖金，
她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目，让艺术家进入学校。
【8 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to
bring about a classroom revolution. “We are going to make a change,” she said. “I’ve started a project to promote
the teaching of the arts in our schools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafirakou)表示，她想
掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教
学。”）”可知，Zafirakou 打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目。故选C。
【9 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of
any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire
children.（许多学校很难让任何类型的艺术家——无论是当地崭露头角的音乐家还是主要的电影明星——
进入学校，与孩子们一起工作并激励他们，因此才有了这个项目。）”可知，Craig-Martin 认为，英国学
校的艺术教学尤其困难。故选A。
【10 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity
depends on the young.（这是绝对必要的。未来取决于创造力，而创造力取决于年轻人。）”可知，Schama
认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。
【11 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou, a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to
bring about a classroom revolution. “We are going to make a change,”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the
teaching of the arts in our schools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafirakou)表示，她想掀
起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教
学。”）”可知，文章讲述了Andria Zafirakou 用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺
术教学。故选A。
Passage 4
【2021 年全国甲卷】When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow,
London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my
beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous
crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our
own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when
trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came
over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards
loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less
welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've
traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners
stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to
the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me.
He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years
ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
8. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?
A. He felt disappointed.
B. He gave up his hobby.
C. He liked the weather there.
D. He had disagreements with his family.
9. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?
A. Be careful!
B. Well done!
C. No way!
D. Don't worry!
10. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?
A. To join the skateboarding.
B. To make new friends.
C. To learn more tricks.
D. To relive his childhood days
11. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A. Children should learn a second language.
B Sport is necessary for children's health.
C. Children need a sense of belonging
D. Seeing the world is a must for children.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于记叙文。本文讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的
地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己
的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。
【8 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved
beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，
没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能
很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选A。
【9 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. (那才是真正重
要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友
大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe 是赞美的含义，结合选项，故选B。
【10 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““I was a local here 20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his
head. “Safe, man. Safe.””(我告诉他：“我20 年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你
好！”)”可推知，作者去Southbank 这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选D。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板
的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑
板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找
到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选C。
Passage 5
【2021 年北京卷】I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our
semester（学期） project of volunteering at a non-profit organization．When the teacher introduced us to the
different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first
impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in
mind．
Then，an OIC representative gave us some details，which somewhat interested me．After doing some
research， I believed that we could really do something for those kids．When I went online to the OIC website，I
saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望）
and need that I joined this project without hesitation．We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，
and make them into kits——one kit，one child．
The most rewarding day for our group was project day，when all the efforts we put into collecting the items
finally came together．When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build
that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．Over the past four months，I had never imagined how
I would feel once our project was completed．While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true
meaning behind it．I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good
grade on．When the kits were completed，and ready to be sent overseas，the warm feeling I had was one I would
never forget．
In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is
over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will
now be able to further their education．
24. How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning？
A. It would affect his/her initial plans．
B. It would involve traveling overseas．
C It would not bring him/her a good grade．
D. It would not live up to his/her expectations．
25. What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project？
A. Images of Iraqi children．
B. Research by his/her classmates．
C. A teacher's introduction．
D. A representative's comments．
26. The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to________．.
A. become OIC volunteers
B. further their education
C. study in foreign countries
D. influence other children
27. What can we conclude from this passage？
A. One's potential cannot always be underrated．
B. First impression cannot always be trusted．
C. Actions speak louder than words．
D. He who hesitates is lost．
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者一开始认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望，但是最后通
过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。
【24 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，
my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not
going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（当老师向我们介绍了需要
我们帮助的不同组织时，我最后的选择是伊拉克儿童行动(OIC)。我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对
我心中的计划产生足够的影响。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望。故
选D。
【25 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their
faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望） and need that I joined this project without
hesitation．”（当我上网访问OIC 网站时，我看到了伊拉克儿童的照片。他们的脸上传递的信息是绝望和
需要帮助，我毫不犹豫地加入了这个项目。）可知，伊拉克儿童图片帮助作者改变了他对这个项目的态度。
故选A。
【26 题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but
ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．”（现在我们的项
目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在我们的努力下，10 名男孩
和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，作者的伊拉克儿童行动组织帮助十个伊拉克儿童继续接受教育。
故选B。
【27 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a
difference with the plans I had in mind．”（我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计划产生足够
的影响。）和最后一段“In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another
person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，
ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．”（一开始，我鼓励自己去改变另一个人
的生活。现在我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在我
们的努力下，十名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动不
会达到他的期望，但是最后通过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。故选B。
Passage 6
【2021 年浙江卷6 月】Leslie Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star
in his life — his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen
to make a career (职业) in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved
forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few
years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight
years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but
his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn’t until 1980 — 32 years into his
career — that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second
half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie
reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always
felt he should do but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role
or challenge might be just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little
more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can
make for a remarkable life.
1. Why did Nielsen want to be an actor?
A. He enjoyed watching movies.
B. He was eager to earn money.
C. He wanted to be like his uncle
D. He felt he was good at acting.
2. What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career?
A. He directed some high quality movies.
B. He avoided taking on new challenges.
C. He focused on playing dramatic roles.
D. He became a successful comedy actor.
3. What does Nielsen’s career story tell us?
A. Art is long, life is short.
B. He who laughs last laughs longest.
C. It’s never too late to learn.
D. Where there’s a will there’s a way.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Leslie Nielsen 的演艺生涯。
【1 题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段“his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle
earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting. (他的叔叔，是一位著名的演员。Nielsen 的叔叔所赢得的钦
佩和尊重激励他走上了演艺事业)”可知，Nielsen 想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样。故选C 项。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic
presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. (这部
电影使他进入了职业生涯的后半段，即使影评人对这部电影评价不高，但仅仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使这
部电影获得经济上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen 职业生涯的后半段，他成了一个成功的喜剧演员。故选D 项。
【3 题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain
old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a
remarkable life. (他凭借平凡的努力和决心建立了一个非常成功的事业。他告诉我们，即使是只有一个愿望，
永不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen 的职业经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选D 项。
Passage 7
【2021 年浙江卷6 月】We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parts less than 10 minutes’ walk
from home where neighborhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick
up a screen — any screen — and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four
and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to
counter this trend. A couple of years ago film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and
three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three-year-old son’s ear
without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type,
appointed himself “marketing director from Nature”. He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a
brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the
World Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
“Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference,” David Bond says. “There is a lot of really interesting
evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will
be on habit for life.” His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: “We just send them out into
the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.”
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it.
Let us get them out and let them play.
4. What is the problem with the author’s children?
A. They often annoy their neighbours.
B. They are tired of doing their homework.
C. They have no friends to play with
D. They stay in front of screens for too long.
5. How did David Bond advocate his idea?
A. By making a documentary film.
B. By organizing outdoor activities.
C. By advertising in London media.
D. By creating a network of friends.
6. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 2?
A. records
B. predicts
C. delays
D. confirms
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Let Children Have Fun
B. Young Children Need More Free Time
C. Market Nature to Children
D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了电影制作人David Bond 为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的
旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any
screen — and stare at it for hours. (然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它
看几个小时)”可知，作者的孩子在屏幕前呆的时间太长了。故选D 项。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marked to
young people. (他记录了他的旅程，他开始把大自然当作一个品牌，让年轻人看到)”可知，David Bond 通过
拍一个纪录片宣传他的想法。故选A 项。
【6 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“a film”可知，本句主语是一部电影，下文“the birth of the World Network
(世界网络的诞生)”解释了这部电影的主旨。由此推知，划线词charts 意为“记录、描绘”，与“records”意
思一致。故选A 项。
【7 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be
marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network,
a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. (他把自己的旅行记录下来，
开始把自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。其结果是Project Wild Thing，一部记录了World Network (世界
网络)诞生的电影，World Network (世界网络)是以让孩子们接触大自然为共同目标的团体)”可推知，本文主
要讲述了电影制作人David Bond 为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销
给年轻人。由此可知，C 项Market Nature to Children(把自然推销给年轻人)适合作本文标题。故选C 项。
Passage 8
【2021 年浙江卷1 月】 More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, he
played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone, the 4-year-old
decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and
then in an orphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adopted by an Australian family and flown to Tasmania.
As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley couldn't help but wonder about his hometown back
in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't know his town's name, finding a small neighborhood in a
vast country proved to be impossible.
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's
satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town's
central business district from a bird's-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-
platform train station”—and there it was. "And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain"-and there it
was. Everything just started to match.
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance.
"There's something about me, " he thought—and it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she
used to look like.
In an interview Brierley says, "My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and
walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it was
like a nuclear fusion（核聚变）. I just didn't know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would
ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her. ”
1．Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago?
A．He got on a train by mistake.
B．He got lost while playing in the street.
C．He was taken away by a foreigner.
D．He was adopted by an Australian family.
2．How did Brierley find his hometown?
A．By analyzing old pictures.
B．By travelling all around India.
C．By studying digital maps.
D．By spreading his story via his book.
3．What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview?
A．His love for his mother.
B．His reunion with his mother.
C．His long way back home.
D．His memory of his hometown.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“When he woke up and found himself alone: the 4-year-old decided his
brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.(当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4 岁的孩子判断
他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车)”以及第二段中“That train took him a thousand miles
across the country to a totally strange city.(那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布尔
利在25 年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A 项。
2．细节理解题。通过文章第四段“Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his
hometown in the program’s satellite pictures.(然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数年时间在该节目的卫
星图片中寻找家乡)”以及“Everything just started to match.(一切都开始匹配了）”可知，布尔利是通过研究
数字地图找到家乡的。故选C 项。
3．细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: “My mother looked so much shorter than I
remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the
chemical in my brain, you know: it was like nuclear fusion（核聚变）. just didn’t know what to say: because I
never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.(在一次采访中，布
尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆中矮多了。但是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、
眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到
我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B 项。
Passage 9
【2021 年天津卷第二次】When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need
that I felt to work with language. Having said that, I did not know for a long time what I was looking for. It was not
until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion fbr writing. With some encouragement
from my colleagues, I had one of my poems published. This bit of success, however, was the point where my
problem began.
Back in 1978, I had to travel between three different campuses in the morning, teaching freshman
composition. Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons. I composed my lectures
on the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned home, there was not enough of me left fbr
writing after a full working day.
As a way out, I decided to get up two hours before my usual time. My alarm was set fbr 5:00 A.M. The first
day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table,
and one out in the hallway. I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken. This was
when my morning writing began.
Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many
excuses for not writing. I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published.
When I decided to write a novel, I divided my two hours: the first for poetry, the second fbr fiction. Well or badly, I
wrote at least two pages a day. This is how my novel, The Line of the Sun. was finished. If I had waited to have the
time, I would still be waiting to write my novel.
What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control. For many people, the initial
sense of urgency to create easily dies away because it requires making the tough decision: taking the time to create,
stealing it from yourself if ifs the only way.
41. What motivated the author to start her writing career?
A. Her strong wish to share.
B. Her keen interest in writing.
C. Her urgent need to make a living.
D. Her passionate desire fbr fame.
42. What problem did the author face when she decided to begin her writing?
A. She was too exhausted to write after a busy day.
B. She had trouble in deciding on her writing style.
C. She had to take time to discipline her daughter.
D. She was unsure about her writing skills.
43. Why did the author place an alarm clock in the hallway?
A. In case the clock in her room broke down.
B. In case she failed to hear the ringing.
C. To force herself out of bed.
D. To wake up her family.
44. How did the author manage to finish her novel?
A. By sticking to writing every morning.
B. By writing when her mind was most active.
C. By drawing inspirations from classic novels.
D. By reducing her teaching hours at school.
45. What can we learn from the author's success in her writing career?
A. It is never too late to change your job.
B. Imaginative ideas die away if not taken in time.
C. A tight schedule is no excuse fbr lack of action.
D. Daily life provides ideas fbr creative writing.
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者喜爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来。
【41 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent
need that I felt to work with language.” 当人们问我是如何开始写作的时候，我发现自己在描述一种对语言
的迫切需求。可知，促使作者开始她的写作生涯的原因是她对写作的强烈兴趣。故选B 项。
【42 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When I returned home, there was not enough of me left fbr writing after a full
working day.”当我回到家时，在工作了一整天后，我写东西的精力已经不够了。可知，当作者决定开始写
作时，因为她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力尽，无法再写作了。故选A 项。
【43 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second
day I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway. ”第一天我把它关掉了，因为我把它放
在触手可及的地方。第二天，我调了两个钟，一个放在床头柜上，一个放在走廊上。可知，作者在走廊里
放了一个闹钟的原因是为了强迫自己起床。故选C 项。
【44 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not
making or accepting many excuses for not writing.”从1978 年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直
到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，作者能够写小说的原因是坚持每天早上写作。故选A 项。
【45 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in
control.”我从摸黑起床工作中得到的是一种掌控一切的感觉。以及文章第四段“Since that first morning in
1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing.”从1978
年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，紧凑的日程并不
是不采取行动的借口。故选C 项。
2020 年记叙文
Passage1
【2020 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college
student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from
University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from
the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college,
working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After
graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her
career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau
Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year
degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received
great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills,
and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺
牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights
my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her
children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation
graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful.
4. What did Jennifer do after high school?
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield?
A. To take care of her kids easily.
B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents.
D. To find a well-paid job there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?
A. Her health.
B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation.
D. Her chance of promotion.
7. What can we learn from Jenifer's story?
A. Time is money.
B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off.
D. Education is the key to success.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer 在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，
以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩
子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
4. 细节理解题。根据第二段的After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her
tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.(高中毕业后，Jennifer 上了一所当地
的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer 通过自
己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C. She supported herself through college.(她自食其力读完
了大学)符合以上说法，故选C 项。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段的She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Misnistry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in
Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be
home in the evening to help with her kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire 项目，
因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer
选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire 项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。
A. To take care of her kids easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A 项。
6. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and
missing important events to study.(Jennifer 为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一
起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer 放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B.
Her time with family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B 项。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的Through it all, she remind in good academic standing and graduated with
honors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However, her children
have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate
and an inspiration to her family-and that’s the pretty powerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中
得到了重要的一课。Jennifer 是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，
Jennifer 在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得
到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer 的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C. Hard work pays off.(努力会
得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C 项。
Passage2
【2020 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】The end of the school year was in sight and spirits were high. I
was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of "forbidden fruit" that come out of
book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol.
I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit.
"Please bring that pistol to me," I said. "I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box."
"What's that?" they asked.
"It's a large wooden chest full of toys for my grandchildren," I replied,
"You don't have grandchildren " someone said.
"I don't now." I replied. "But someday I will. When I do, my box will be full of wonderful things for them."
My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like magic that spring, and later. Sometimes. students would ask me to
describe all the things I had in it. Then I would try to remember the different possessions I supposedly had taken
away—since I seldom actually kept them. Usually the offender would appear at the end of the day, and I would
return the belonging.
The-years went by, and my first grandchild Gordon was born. I shared my joy with that year's class. Then
someone said, "Now you can use your Grandma's Box." From then on instead of coming to ask their possessions
back, the students would say, "That's okay. Put it in your Grandma's Box for Gordon."
I loved talking about the imaginary box, not only with my students but also with my own children. They
enjoyed hearing about all the forbidden fruit I had collected. Then one Christmas I received a surprise gift—a large,
beautifully made wooden chest. My son Bruce had made my Grandma's Box a reality.
4. What was the author's purpose in having the conversation with the students?
A. To collect the water pistol.
B. To talk about her grandchildren.
C. To recommend some toys.
D. To explain her teaching method.
5. What do the underlined words "the offender" in paragraph 8 refer to?
A. The student's parent.
B. The maker of the Grandma's Box.
C. The author's grandchild
D. The owner of the forbidden fruit.
6. What did the students do after they learned about the birth of Gordon?
A. They went to play with the baby.
B. They asked to see the Grandma's Box.
C. They made a present for Gordon.
D. They stopped asking their toys back.
7. What can we infer about the author?
A. She enjoys telling jokes.
B. She is a strict and smart teacher.
C. She loves doing woodwork.
D. She is a responsible grandmother
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了作者为收集学生们带到学校的玩具，想出了一个“奶奶的盒
子”的办法。到后来，作者的第一个孙子出生，学生们也不再来要求归还他们的财物了，作者也在某一年
圣诞节收到了儿子制作的大木箱，将“奶奶的盒子”变成了现实。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of
"forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol.(在缺席了15 年之后，我又
回到了教书的地方，处理从书包里掏出的各种各样的“禁果”。现在流行的是水枪)”以及第三段中
“‘Please bring that pistol to me,’ I said. ‘I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box.’(“请把那支水枪给我，”我
说。“我要把它放在我‘奶奶的盒子’里。”)”由此可知，作者与学生进行对话的目的是收集水枪。故选
A。
【5 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“I would return the belonging”结合上文提到作者把学生带到学校的玩具称为
“禁果”，且作者的“盒子”里装的就是“禁果”，所以作者等到这些禁果的拥有者在一天结束的时候出
现，然后就会归还他们的物品。由此可知，划线词意思为“禁果的拥有者”。故选D。
【6 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“From then on instead of coming to ask their possessions back, the students
would say, ‘That's okay. Put it in your Grandma's Box for Gordon.’(从那时起，学生们不再来要求归还他们的财
物，而是说：“没关系。把它放在你“奶奶给戈登的盒子”里)”由此可知，学生们在得知了戈登的出生后，
他们不再索要玩具。故选D。
【7 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章中作者要收集学生们从书包里掏出的各种各样的“禁果”，说明作者对待学生很严
格；同时作者又想出了“奶奶的盒子”这个的方法来收集学生们的玩具，说明作者很聪明，由此可推知，
作者是一个严格而聪明的老师。故选B。
Passage3
【2020 年北京卷】For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-
creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French
manuscript（手稿）consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding
the best sand.
The author's intention remains as mysterious（神秘）as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for
his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author
described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says.
Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isn't just about playing
around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can reveal
how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced
them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English
medicine for eve problems could kill a drug-resistant virus.
The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how on object was made in
order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before
time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These
sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We can't appreciate these kinds of details without seeing
works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map.
Smith has put the manuscript's ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back
together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights
experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving.
Back when science—then called “the new philosophy”—took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help
in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering（修
补）, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light.
If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of
our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.
38. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript?
A. Confused about the technical terms.
B. Impressed with its detailed instructions.
C. Discouraged by its complex structure.
D. Shocked for her own lack of hand skills.
39. According to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to _____________.
A. restore old workshops
B. understand the craftsmen
C. improve visual effects
D. inspire the philosophers
40. Why does the author mention museums?
A. To reveal the beauty of ancient objects.
B. To present the findings of old science.
C To highlight the importance of antiques.
D. To emphasise the values of hand skills.
41. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for Artists
B. Craftsmanship Leads to New Theories
C. Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists
D. Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science
【答案】38. D 39. B 40. D 41. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述科学家Paula Smith 致力于对古代手工技能的研究，认为科学家如果
能够把古代的手工技能和现代的科学方法结合起来，就能够创造更大成就。
【38 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the
skills the author described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she
says.” 让史密斯震惊的主要是，她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。她说:“你根本无法通过阅读来
了解这些手工作品。” 由此可知读完这份法国手稿，这种手工技能让史密斯感到震惊，故选D。
【39 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can
reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, ” 重建几个世纪前工匠的作品，可以揭示他
们如何看待世界，他们的家里有什么物件。由此可知，重建工作主要是为了了解工匠。故选B。
【40 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know
how on object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what
treasures looked like before time wore them down.” 史密斯说，这项工作也给博物馆带来了深刻的见解。为了
保存它，一个人必须知道一件物品是如何制成的。更重要的是，重建可能是唯一的方法，以了解宝藏磨损
之前的样子。因此可知，博物馆要想很好保存物品，必须要知道这件物品是如何制成的，也是在强调手工
技能的价值，故选D。
【41 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith
says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors. ”史密斯说，如果我们能
重新发现实践经验和工艺的价值，我们就能将现代的最好见解与我们祖先的灵巧结合起来。由此可知本文
的中心思想就在于如果科学家能把古代的手工技巧同现代的理论结合起来，就能够获得更多的成就。C 选
项Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists 工艺造就了更好的科学家，符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选C。
【点睛】标题猜测题。属于主旨大意题的一种，标题应位于文章之首，概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它
可以是单词，短语，或句子。确定文章标题，第一，标题要与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全
文内容，不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；第三，标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应新颖，概
括性强并且精炼。小题4 中C 选项概括文中主旨大意，与主题密切相关，故选C。
Passage4
【2020 年浙江卷1 月】I never knew anyone who’d grown up in Jackson without being afraid of Mrs.
Calloway our librarian. She ran Jackson’s Carnegie Library absolutely by herself. SILENCE in big black letters
was on signs hung everywhere. If she thought you were dressed improperly, she sent you straight back home to
change your clothes. I was willing；I would do anything to read.
My mother was not afraid of Mrs. Calloway. She wished me to have my own library card to check out books
for myself, She took me in to introduce me. “Eudora is nine years old and has my permission to read any book she
wants from the shelves, children or adults,” Mother said.
Mrs. Calloway made her own rules about books. You could not take back a book to the library on the same day
you`d taken it out；it made no difference to her that you’d read every word in it and needed another to start. You
could take out two books at a time and two only. So two by two, I read library books as fast as I could go, rushing
them home in the basket of my bicycle. From the minute I reached our house, I started to read. I knew this was
extreme happiness, knew it at the time.
My mother shared this feeling of mine. Now, I think of her as reading so much of the time while doing
something else. I remember her reading a magazine while taking the part of the Wolf in a game of "Little Red
Riding Hood" with my brother's two daughters. She'd just look up at the right time, long enough to answer– in
character –"The better to eat you with, my dear," and go back to her place in the magazine article.
21. Which of the following best described Mrs. Calloway?
A. diet.
B. Strict.
C. Humorous.
D. Considerate.
22. What do the underlined words "this feeling" refer to in the last paragraph?
A. Desire to read.
B. Love for Mrs. Calloway.
C. Interest in games.
D. Fear of the library rules.
23. Where is the text probably from?
A. guidebook.
B. an autobiography.
C. a news report.
D. book review.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要内容为作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习
惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样拥有对读书的渴望。
【21 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中I never knew anyone who’d grown up in Jackson without being afraid of Mrs.
Calloway our librarian. （我从来没见过哪个在杰克逊长大的人不害怕我们的图书管理员卡洛维夫人）以及
SILENCE in big black letters was on signs hung everywhere. If she thought you were dressed improperly, she sent
you straight back home to change your clothes.（到处都挂着牌子，上面用黑色的大字写着“肃静”。如果她
认为你穿得不合适，她会直接让你回家换衣服）可知Mrs. Calloway 很严格。故选B。
【22 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文Now, I think of her as reading so much of the time while doing something else.（现在，
我觉得她在做其他事情的同时，也在阅读）可知作者的妈妈也非常喜欢阅读，故作者的母亲渴望读书和作
者是一样的。故划线短语意思为“渴望读书”。故选A。
【23 题详解】
推理判断题。结合文章主要内容可知，作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，
而作者的母亲也和作者一样渴望读书。故可推测文章可能来自于一份自传。故选B。
2019 年记叙文
Passage1
【2019
Ⅰ
年全国卷
】For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and
right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the
of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a.
pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him,
whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he
brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at
the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets
you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning
English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to
raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the
project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸
耀)about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into
the classroom not feeling confident.”
24. What made Chris nervous？
A. Telling a story.
B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test.
D. Answering a question.
25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Improper pauses.
B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes.
D. Silly jokes.
26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humorous.
B. Ambitious.
C. Caring.
D. Demanding.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述Thomas Whaley 为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了一
个演讲课程。
24. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段today is speech day 和本段最后一句with shining dark eyes, he seems
like the kind of kids who would enjoy public speaking. 以及第二段第一句But he’s nervous.可知，Chris 眼睛
黑亮，似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很紧张，故可知Chris 是因为做演讲紧张，故选B。
25.A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段 “I’m here to tell you today why you should…should…” Chris
trips on the “-ld”, a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. 以及后文except for some
stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well 可知, Chris 发ld 比较困难，这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是
一个困难，总体来说Chris 做得出奇的好。根据前文可知，ld 发音不准，因此有些结巴，停顿得不准，故
选A。
26. A【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read
and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves. 以及最后一段 “boasting about
yourself, and your best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not
feeling confident.”可知，这个课程不仅仅教孩子阅读以及公共演讲，还要让孩子学会夸耀自己，而夸耀自
己对于那些进入教室没有信心的学生来说很困难，故可知，Whaley 老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的
优势增加信心，故选A。
27. C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign
project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.和最
后一段He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves 可知，当他有一天问学生认为自己当不了总统请
举手的时候，想到了一个想法，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生
的成长。humorous 幽默的， ambitious 有雄心壮志的；caring 关心的；demanding 要求高的。故选C。
Passage 2
【2019
Ⅱ
年全国卷】“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.”
This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for
an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the
single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on
… At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The
unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts.
Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able
to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced
oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled
with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社
区)as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if
others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?
24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l？
A. She knows little about the club.
B. She isn't good at sports.
C. She just doesn't want to volunteer.
D. She's unable to meet her schedule.
25. What does the underlined phrase“tug at the heartstrings”in paragraph 2 mean ?
A. Encourage team work.
B. Appeal to feeling.
C. Promote good deeds.
D. Provide advice.
26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrosse.
B. She is proud of her kids.
C. She’ll work for another season.
D. She becomes a good helper.
27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A. It gives her a sense of duty.
B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her to work hard.
D. It brings her material rewards.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，作为一名
志愿者作者发挥了自己的作用，并获得了快乐。
24.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的 You can use me as a last resort（选择）, and if nobody else
volunteers，then I will do it.可知，你可以当我是最后的候选人，如果没有其他的志愿者，那么我就
做。由此可推断出，她不想做自愿者。故选C。
25.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线前句she may just need a little persuading.和下面的一句话I mention the
single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't
even on ...可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故可知，划线句此处应是“煽情”之意。
故选B。
26.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及the same parent ends up becoming an
invaluable member of the team 可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成
了一个好帮手。故选D。
27.B 【解析】细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四最两句Connecting to the
community （社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy.
Volunteering just feels so good.可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐， 参加志愿者活动活动能让
人感觉快乐。故选B。
Passage 3
【2019 年北京卷】Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business
AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-
sweet treat that could save kids' teeth，instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a
candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But
Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, "Why
can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?"
With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He
recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy
would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe
that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.
Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral
bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their
first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product-Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic
about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can
have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded
her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help
others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination,
it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
34. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?
A. She argued with him.
B. She tried to find a way out.
C. She paid no attention.
D. She chose to consult dentists.
35. What is special about CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial to dental health.
B. It is free of sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than other candies.
D. It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
36. What does Moore expect from her business?
A. To earn more money.
B. To help others find smiles.
C. To make herself stand out.
D. To beat other candy companies.
37. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Alice Moore，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我
们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。
34. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get
round the warning, "Why can’t I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't
say no to it? "及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy 的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：
她试图找到一条出路。故选B。
35. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using
natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.可知，因此，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少
口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。
36. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their
smiles.可知，Moor 想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑容。故选B。
37. C 【解析】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Moor 的创业故事，她之所以能成功源于面对问题和困难时，
她乐观的看待问题，积极的想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行
动会带来成功。故选C。
Passage 4
【2019 年江苏卷】The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer’s(阿尔楚海默
症). He was losing his memory.
A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in his family.
Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside the family.
Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep catch night when
she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist to work with her father.
Naomi, Melissa’s best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed willingness to help.
“Why do this?” Steve wondered.
“Because she cares.” Melissa said.
Steve nodded, tears in eye.
Naomi drove to the Goodwin home. She told Steve she’d love to hear him play. Steve moved to the piano and
sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.
Naomi put a small recorder near the piano, Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart sinking. But
Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
“It was beautiful." Naomi said after listening to the recording. “The music was worth saving.”
Her responsibility, her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was still in Steve Goodwin. It was bidden in
rooms with doors about to be locked.
Naomi and Steve met every other week and spent hours together. He’d move his fingers clumsily on the piano,
and then she’d take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes
closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.
Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new
key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn’t play it.
Working with Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could write one last song.
One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. Steve called
it “Melancholy Flower”.
Naomi heard multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni called him “honey” and
encouraged him. The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting. Joni praised him, telling
her husband this could be his signature piece.
Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve’s favorite, and most personal songs. With Naomi’s help, the
Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve’s songs. Joni thought that would be the
end. But it wasn’t.
In the months leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told the director she
had a special one in mind: “Melancholy Flower”
She told the director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the playing list. But Naomi
would have to ask Steve’s permission. He considered it an honor.
After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve’s music was beautiful and professional. It needed to be
shared in public.
The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the day of the show,
more than 300 people had said they would attend.
By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew the path his
life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded. Naomi took the stage.
Her fingers. His heart.
65. Why did Melissa want to save her father’s music?
A. His music could stop his disease from worsening.
B. She wanted to please her dying old father.
C. His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D. She wanted to make her father a professional.
66. After hearing Steve’s playing, Naomi ________.
A. refused to make a comment on it
B. was deeply impressed by his music
C. decided to free Steve from suffering
D. regretted offering help to her friend
67. How can the process of Steve’s recording be described?
A. It was slow but productive.
B. It was beneficial to his health.
C. It was tiresome for Naomi.
D. It was vital for Naomi’s career.
68. Before Steve finished “Melancholy Flower," his wife Joni _______.
A. thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted
B. didn’t expect the damage the disease brought about
C. didn’t fully realize the value of her husband’s music
D. brought her husband’s music career to perfection
69. How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland？
A. He felt concerned about his illness.
B. He sensed a responsibility for music.
C. He regained his faith in music.
D. He got into a state of quiet.
70. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. The Kindness of Friends
B. The Power of Music
C. The Making of a Musician D. The Value of Determination
【答案】65. C 66. B 67. A 68. C 69. D 70. B
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的老人录制音乐的故事，
其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。
65.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Steve 的专业软件工程，还是一个钢琴的热爱者，是家里唯
一的音乐家，音乐是他真正热爱的东西，尽管没有在家以外的地方弹奏过钢琴。根据第三段
Melissa, his daughter ,felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.可知他的女儿Melissa 觉得保存他的
音乐很有价值，故选C。
66.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第十段 “it was beautiful,” Naomi said after listening to the recording. “
the music was worth saving.”可知，听了录音之后Naomi 说很美，值得保存，故可以得出Naomi 对
Steve 的音乐印象深刻，故选B。
67.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第十二段He’d move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she’d take
his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.以及第十三段Steve and Naomi spoke in
musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of
it, he just couldn’t play it.可知，Steve 会笨拙地把手指放在钢琴上，然后Naomi 把手指放在他放的
地方，并且Steve 努力解释脑海里的内容，所有的这些，都是Naomi 在弹奏，而Steve 在听，故可知
这个录制过程很慢。根据第十六段Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve’s favorite, and most
personal songs.可知作品很多。故选A。
68.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第十六段Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn’t. 以及后文Steve
取得的成就可知在完成Melancholy Flower 之前，他的妻子还没完全意识到丈夫的音乐的真正价值，
故选C。
69.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he
was at peace.可知，他知道自己一生要选择的路，告诉家人他很平静，故可知，家乡的音乐会让他重
新坚定了对音乐的信念，故选D。
70.B 【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的人录制音乐的故事，其录
制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。B 项“音乐的力量”概括
了全文内容，是最佳标题。故选B。
2018 年记叙文
Passage1
【2018 年浙江卷11 月】I start every summer with the best of intentions:to attack one big book from the
past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious. Often the pairings of books and settings
have been purely accidental: "Moby Dick" on a three-day cross-country train trip: “The Magic Mountain” in a New
England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors, no telephones or televisions in the rooms, and little to do
beyond row on the salt pond. Attempting "The Man Without Qualities" on a return to Hawaii, my native state,
however, was less fruitful: I made it through one and a quarter volumes (册), then decided that I'd got the point and
went swimming instead.
But this summer I find myself at a loss. I’m not quite interested in Balzac, say, or “Tristram Shandy.” There’s
always War and Peace, which I've covered some distance several times, only to get bogged down in the "War"
part, set it aside for a while, and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again, having forgotten
everyone’s name and social rank. How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite-once more into “The Waves” or
“Justine,” which feels almost like cheating, too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.
And then there’s Stendhal’s “The Red and the Black,” which happens to be the name of my favorite cocktail
(鸡尾酒) of the summer, created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and BackForty. It is easy to drink, and knocking
back three or four seems like such a delightful idea. Cecconi's theory: "I take whatever’s fresh at the green market
and turn it into liquid." The result is a pure shot of afternoon in the park, making one feel cheerful and peaceful all
at once, lying on uncut grass with eyes shut, sun beating through the lids...
27．What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph?
A．He has a cottage in New England.
B．He shows talents for literature.
C．He enjoys reading when traveling.
D．He admires a lot of great writers.
28．What do the underlined words "get bogged down" in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Get confused.
B．Be carried away.
C．Be interrupted.
D．Make no progress.
29．Why does the author say reading his favorite books feels like cheating?
A．He finishes them quickly.
B．He should read something serious.
C．He barely understands them.
D．He has read them many times before.
30．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Books of Summer
B．My Summer Holidays
C．To Read or Not to Read
D．It’s Never Too Late to Read
【答案】27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者喜欢暑期旅游读书，并和我们分享了自己读书的体会。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段中"Moby Dick" on a three-day cross-country train trip: “The Magic Mountain” in
a New England beachside cottage……"The Man Without Qualities"on a return to Hawaii,等内容可知，作者在旅
行中喜欢读名著，故选C。
28．猜测词义题。根据句中covered some distance several times 和set it aside for a while 及读后的结果having
forgotten everyone’s name and social rank.可知，作者在读“战争”部分时几次合上书，把书放一边。句中画
线的“get bogged down”指的是陷入困境，停滞不前，没有进展。与Make no progress 同义，故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite-once more into “The Waves” or
“Justine,” which feels almost like cheating, too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.
可知，作者再次读到自己最喜欢的书时，感到非常刺激和兴奋。同时感觉自己兴奋的心情与严肃的作品不
适合，所以这时候会有cheating 的感觉，认为自己应该读一些严肃的东西。故选B。
30．主旨大意题。文章第一段开头作者就点明every summer，谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜欢读名著。第二段
But this summer I find myself at a loss.谈到今年夏天读书的困惑，第三段my favorite cocktail (鸡尾酒)of the
summer,再次把读书和鸡尾酒联系，谈自己读书的感受。所以全文都和夏天读书有关，The Books of
Summer 适合作为标题，故选A。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句
来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形
容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。小题4 考查本
文的标题，文章第一段开头作者就点明every summer，谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜欢读名著。第二段But this
summer I find myself at a loss.谈到今年夏天读书的困惑，第三段my favorite cocktail (鸡尾酒)of the summer,
再次把读书和鸡尾酒联系，谈自己读书的感受。所以全文都和夏天读书有关，The Books of Summer.适合作
为标题。
Passage2
【2018 年全国Ⅲ卷】Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often
assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own
kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.
I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked.
Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother
was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used
when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金）(our kindergarten daughter is serious about
becoming a doctor)
For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do
we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to
test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I
expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ball-
simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on
it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to
move on to lunch.
We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My
little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.
32. What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. The more, the better. B. Enough is enough.
C. More money, more worries. D. Earn more and spend more.
33. What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?
A. Saving up for her holiday B. Raising money for a poor girl
C. Adding the money to her fund D. Giving the money to a sick mother
34. Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?
A. To try out an idea
B. To show a parent's love
C. To train his attention
D. To help him start a hobby
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Take It or Leave It B. A Lesson from Kids
C. Live More with Less D. The Pleasure of Giving
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】这是一片夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者引导孩子主动捐献玩具，并从玩耍简单玩具中获得快乐的做
法。
32. 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句…I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more
with less 可以推断出，人们通常认为越多越好。故选A。
33. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we
promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)可知，当我们承诺给她把卖玩具的钱放到她的教育基金
里时，她同意卖玩具。故选C。
34. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both
of us.表明，跟Shepherd 玩球是为了测试自己的一种想法是否可行。故选A。
35. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，作者想要教会孩子how to live more with less，而二三段是作者的
尝试，故C 作标题适合。
【点睛】 高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断，既可以是
生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短
语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测
尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜词、语法猜词和常识猜词。
语境既上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着
密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇，短语并结合具体的
语境来推测。此题中第一题为词义猜测题。根据文章第一段的第三句the good news is that I can …可以推断
出，前后语义相反，后句中是live more with less，所以前句应该是“越多越好”的意思。
Passage 3
【2018 年浙江卷6 月】 In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in
Britain. People had been writing novels for a century — most experts date the first novel to Robinson
Crusoe in 1719 — but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its
early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without
the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked
upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional
writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their
readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim — were held up as moral touchstones.
Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature
would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.
How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories,
literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were
published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-
dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It’s
partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the
culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and
luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible
— and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one.
21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?
A. They were difficult to understand.
B. They were popular among the rich.
C. They were seen as nearly worthless.
D. They were written mostly by women.
22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress ________.
A. his reputation in France
B. his interest in modern art
C. his success in publication
D. his importance in literature
23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To remember a great writer.
B. To introduce an English novel.
C. To encourage studies on culture.
D. To promote values of the Victorian age.
【答案】21.C 22.D 23.A
【文章大意】
本文写于Charles Dickens 诞辰200 周年前夕，介绍了Charles Dickens 在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深
远影响。
21.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-
powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字）rate in England was under 50%.
Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors... Novels, for the most part, were
looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，
小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，毫无价值可言。故选C。
22.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.和列举的Charles Dickens 小说
的影响可知，把他和Mona Lisa 相比是为了说明Charles Dickens 在英国小说方面的重要性和Mona
Lisa 在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。
23.A 【解析】写作意图题。根据文中对Charles Dickens 及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章
最后But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our
own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.可知本文是写于Charles Dickens 诞辰
200 周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。
Passage 4
【2018 年北京卷】 My First Marathon（马拉松）
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks,
leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P. E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and
then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized
running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the
battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and
nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the
start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the
course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the
alarm clock sounding at 4 a. m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as
the one that the guy who came in first place had. zxxk
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a
＂marathon winner＂.
36. A month before the marathon, the author ____________.
A. was well trained B. felt scared
C. made up his mind to run D. lost hope
37. Why did the author mention the P. E. class in his 7th year?
A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C. To show he was not talented in sports.
D. To share a precious memory.
38. How was the author’s first marathon?
A. He made it. B. He quit halfway.
C. He got the first prize. D. He walked to the end.
39. What does the story mainly tell us?
A. A man owes his success to his family support.
B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C. Failure is the mother of success.
D. One is never too old to learn.
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. A 39. B
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励
志故事。
36.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet, I was determined to go ahead. 可知，马拉松赛
前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。
37.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not
athletic＂可知，作者提到7 年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。
38.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第10 段I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I
got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had. 可知，作
者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选
A。
39.B 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call
myself a ＂marathon winner＂. 可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。
Passage 5
【2018 年天津卷】When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the
home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her
death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address? ""No, but
I'll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine. "
"Oh, stop. There it is!”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at
us.
"May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. "We're fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked
a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed
very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures
in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where do you think you are? " he asked. I turned
sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street."
"What’s this place?” I asked, still confused. "Well, it's our home." My heart jolted(震颤). I raced to the staircase
and called out, "Sally! Come down immediately! "
"There's some really good stuff(艺术作品) up there." She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her
toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place."
Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn't believe how long they let
us look around without saying anything.
The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This
time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.
Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long
ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?"
"Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone."
"That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a
beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home
changed after that. I've always wanted to thank you."
41. What do we know about Marian McNay?
A. She was a painter.
B. She was a community leader.
C. She was a museum director.
D. She was a journalist.
42. Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?
A. She disliked people who were nosy.
B. She felt nervous when talking to strangers.
C. She knew more about art than the man.
D. She mistook him for a tour guide.
43. How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?
A. Puzzled. B. Concerned.
C. Frightened. D. Delighted.
44. Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?
A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.
B. She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.
C. The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.
D. The event happening in the house was more significant.
45. What could we learn from the last paragraph?
A. People should have good taste to enjoy life.
B. People should spend more time with their family.
C. People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.
D. People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay 博物馆，到了之后参观的时候，发现很多
人奇怪的看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay 博物馆。30 年后，一位女士认出误撞入
自己住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。
41. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay,
once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay.可知，Marian McNay 是一名水彩画家。故选A。
42. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段"May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. "We're fine.” Tour guides got on
my nerves.可知，导游令作者心烦，作者误认为屋子里的男人是位导游。故选D。
43. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me
with curiosity. What was their problem?（大厅的人看起来都非常爱窥探的，眼睛不停的好奇的看着我。他们
有什么问题？）可以推断出，作者当时感到困惑不解。故选A。
44. 推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay 博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才
是文章的重心，所以将真正的McNay 博物馆叙述一带而过。故选D。
45. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.可
知，在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可以推断出，人们往往对
周围的美而不见。故选C。
2017 年记叙文
Passage1
【2017 年新课标Ⅰ卷】I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at
Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be
heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground.
When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put
it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to
make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of
the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also
encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and
headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that
the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.
And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their
duty and would probably continue to do so.
24. What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1?
A. Efforts made in vain.
B. Getting injured in his work.
C. Feeling uncertain about his future.
D. Creatures forced out of their homes.
25. Why was the author called to Muttontown?
A. To rescue a woman.
B. To take care of a woman.
C. To look at a baby owl.
D. To cure a young owl.
26. What made the chick calm down?
A. A new nest.
B. Some food.C. A recording.D. Its parents.
27. How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?
A. It’s unexpected.
B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humorous.
D. It’s discouraging.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。救助小动物并没有那么简单，因为你所做的救助行为到最后可能都
成了无用功。但无论结果怎样，救助小动物的这种行为是美好的。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，
给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。
24. A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking;
survival is never certain.可知救助受伤的、流离失所的、生病的动物是令人心碎的，因为我们不知道
救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是说我们为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。
故选A。
25. C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I
arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl 可知有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，作
者赶过去看看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了，作者只是过去看情况，所以D 选项错误。故
选C。
26. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down 可知在作者把
小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选A。
27. B 观点态度题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母，小猫头鹰
的父母还为它带回了午餐，作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的However,
when it works, it is simply beautiful.可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选B。
Passage 2
【2017 年新课标Ⅱ卷】I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy
and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film — it wanted
somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they
would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the
fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were
respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the
qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other —
but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core(核心) of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back — he with his
Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the
institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We
supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and
we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.
24. Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?
A. Paul Newman wanted it.
B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent.
C. He wasn’t famous enough.
D. The director recommended someone else.
25. Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?
A. They were of the same age.
B. They worked in the same theater.
C. They were both good actors.
D. They had similar characteristics.
26. What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Their belief.
B. Their care for children.
C. Their success.
D. Their support for each other.
27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show his love of films.
B. To remember a friend.
C. To introduce a new movie.
D. To share his acting experience.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了与Paul 的相识及与其建立友谊的原因,虽不常见面但是却因
共同的信念而保持着友谊。
24. C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"When the studio didn’t want me for the film — it wanted
somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me"可知,摄影棚起初不愿意给作者角色的原因是想找一个
与Paul 一样著名的人物。故可知作者当时不够有名。该题选C 项。该题文中只是给出了一些琐碎的信息,
需要考生根据这些信息总结出两人拥有持久友谊的原因,这就要求考生具有一定的归纳推理能力。文中明确
提到了作者与Paul 并不同龄,所以排除A 项;B 项文中并未提及;C 项不是两人拥有持久友谊的原因。
25. D【解析】考查推理判断。根据文章第二段中的"We were respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging
into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American
actors"可知,作者与Paul 之所以拥有持久的友谊是因为他们有相似的性格特征。故D 项符合题意。
26. A【解析】考查代词指代。根据第三段中的"We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have
success, you should put something back"可知,下文的内容是对the belief 的解释,that 引导同位语从句,解释说明
the belief 的具体内容。下文提到了我们并不经常见面,但是分享这个信念把我们带到了一起。故选A 项。该
题要求考生具有一定的句法分析能力,能从一个长难句中找出关键词,并根据上下文信息判断出代词的指代
内容。而B、C 项只是the belief 后的同位语从句中的部分内容,故排除;根据画线词后一句可排除D 项。
27. B【解析】考查写作目的。根据全文内容,尤其是第一段中的"I first met Paul Newman in 1968"以及最后
一段中的"I last saw him a few months ago"可知,该篇文章的写作目的是回忆一位朋友,所以选B 项。
写作目的题是考查作者写这篇文章是为了什么,达到什么目的。对于记叙文而言,往往是开篇引出主题,并以
时间顺序叙述全文,最后进行总结。主旨大意题是考查文章讲什么,中心思想是什么。所以两者要有所区分。
A、C 和D 项都过于片面,故排除。
Passage 3
【2017 年新课标Ⅲ卷】Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were
busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the
theater’s 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out
the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building’s end.
The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years
old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. Theater
owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where
the only movie theater is preparing to close down.
Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that
the theater’s location(位置) was also a reason. ＂This used to be the center of town,＂ he said. ＂Now the area is
mostly office buildings and warehouses.＂
Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum
and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the
building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the
theater is located.
The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza
Theater had shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.
24. In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special?
A. It made room for new equipment.
B. It signaled the closedown of the theater.
C. It was done with the help of the audience.
D. It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.
25. Why was The Last Picture Show put on?
A. It was an all-time classic.
B. It was about the history of the town.
C. The audience requested it.
D. The theater owner found it suitable.
26. What will probably happen to the building?
A. It will be repaired.
B. It will be turned into a museum.
C. It will be knocked down.
D. It will be sold to the city government.
27. What can we infer about the audience?
A. They are disappointed with Bradford.
B. They are sad to part with the old theater.
C. They are supportive of the city officials.
D. They are eager to have a shopping center.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一家具有75 年历史的剧院因为不利的地理位置和现代剧院
的竞争而被转售的故事。
24.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据首段的最后两句可知，这次散场后的清理工作与之前不同的是工人不仅
清理走了垃圾，而且还搬走了座椅和剧院的其他设备，因为剧院已经被转卖出去了。
25.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，剧院老板选择这部电影是因为这部电影本身讲述
的就是小镇上唯一的电影院准备关门停业的故事，与Plaza Theater 的现状一样。
26.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段末句中的＂which plans to build a shopping complex on the land
where the theater is located＂可以推断出这个剧院将被拆除，取而代之的是一个购物中心。
27.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的＂most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience
wanting to say good-bye to the old building＂可知，人们非常难过，不愿意看到老剧院被拆掉。
Passage 4
【2017 年浙江卷】Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was
only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a
brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work
instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱).
His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The cat’s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He
was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.
He also sent six engravings( 版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes
Benjamin had ever seen.
In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr.Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what
Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a
visit.
In the city, Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape( 风
景) painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with
Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could
read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, "Those two books were my companions by day, and
under my pillow at night." While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction
to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
21.What is the text mainly about?
A. Benjamin’s visit to Philadelphia.
B. Williams’ influence on Benjamin.
C. The beginning of Benjamin’s life as an artist.
D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.
22.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?
A. The cat would be closely watched.
B. The cat would get some medical care.
C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.
D. Benjamin would have real brushes soon.
23.What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?
A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.
B. He provided him with painting materials.
C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.
D. He taught him how to make engravings.
24.Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to .
A. master the use of paints
B. appreciate landscape paintings
C. get to know other painters
D. make up his mind to be a painter
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于记叙文，主要讲了美国绘画之父Benjamin 在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历。
21.C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了美国绘画之父Benjamin 在成为一名画家之前的生活经历，并
介绍了Pennington 对Benjamin 在绘画道路上的一些帮助，故选C。
22.D 【解析】句意猜测题。根据第三段＂These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes
Benjamin had ever seen＂可知Benjamin 在剪完猫的毛做刷子之后，就很快有了真正的刷子，故选
D。
23.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段＂Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings
＂可知Pennington 为了帮助Benjamin 培养绘画天赋，给他提供了一些绘画材料，故选B。
24.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段＂While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they
were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist＂
可知：这两本书帮助Benjamin 坚定了自己成为一名画家的决心，故选D。
Passage 5
【2017 年浙江卷】FLORENCE, Italy — Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt. The Moldovan has lived here seven
years as a caregiver to Italian kids and the elderly, but in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by
taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.
Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant( 移民)population by
demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.
Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs,
such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合).Others say it’s only natural that
newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.
Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher.
The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across
cultures.
Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in
recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy’s then 56.7 million people, or about 2
percent. At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6
million, or 7.5 percent, with immigrants’ children accounting for an ever larger percentage of births in Italy.
Cojochru, the Moldovan caregiver, hoped obtaining permanent residence (居住权) would help her bring her
two children to Italy; they live with her sister in Moldova, where salaries are among the lowest in Europe. She was
skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.
Italians always "see me as a foreigner," an outsider, even though she’s stayed in the country for years and can
speak the local language fluently, she said.
28.Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?
A. To continue to stay in Italy.
B. To teach her children Italian.
C. To find a better job in Italy.
D. To better mix with the Italians.
29.Some people worry that the new language requirement may .
A. reduce Italy’s population quickly
B. cause conflicts among people
C. lead to financial difficulties
D. put pressure on schools
30.What do we know about Cojochru?
A. She lives with her sister now in Italy.
B. She enjoys learning the Italian language.
C. She speaks Italian well enough for her job.
D. She wishes to go back to her home country.
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于夹叙夹议文，首先叙述了一个叫Svetlana Cojochru 的摩尔多瓦人移民到意大利，但为
了能够继续留在意大利，她必须进行语言测试；接着向我们阐述对外来人进行语言测试的原因以及对此的
不同声音，然后介绍了意大利的移民史，最后告诉我们Cojochru 的居住现状：工资水平很低，而且虽然在
意大利生活多年，但意大利本地居民仍会把她当作外国人来看。
28. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的＂but in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by
taking a test…＂可知，Cojochru 是为了能够继续留在意大利才要参加语言考试的，故选A。
29. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的＂such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than
integration＂可知一些人担心对语言水平的要求可能会引起人与人之间的不包容，即冲突，故选B。
30. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的＂even though she’s stayed in the country for years and can
speak the local language fluently＂可知Cojochru 的意大利语已经说的得很流利了，故选C。
Passage 6
【2017 年北京卷】 It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan
Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay
warm. Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play.
The two didn’t know each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.
Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,＂Paris’s eyes rolled back,＂ Taylor says. ＂She started shaking. I
knew it was an emergency.＂
It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris
would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, ＂
Does anyone know CPR?＂
CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood
moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen, the brain is damaged quickly.
Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think
she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing
CPR. ＂It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,＂ says Taylor.
Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the
school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device(器械) that can shock the heart back into
work. Luck stayed with them: Paris’s heartbeat returned.
＂I know I was really lucky,＂ Paris says now. ＂Most people don’t survive this. My team saved
my life.＂
Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone
nearby step in and do CPR quickly.
Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. ＂I feel
more confident in my actions now,＂ Taylor says. ＂I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.＂
56. What happened to Paris on a March day?
A. She caught a bad cold.
B. She had a sudden heart problem.
C. She was knocked down by a ball.
D. She shivered terribly during practice.
57. Why does Paris say she was lucky?
A. She made a worthy friend.
B. She recovered from shock.
C. She received immediate CPR.
D. She came back on the softball team.
58. Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?
A. Enthusiastic and kind.
B. Courageous and calm.
C. Cooperative and generous.
D. Ambitious and professional.
【文章大意】试题分析：讲述Taylor Bisbee 通过及时的CPR 挽救了一位学生的生命。
56.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.可知
Paris 是突然的心力衰竭，肯定是心脏问题，故答案为B。
57.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段＂Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life.＂可知
大多数人都没有从这样的疾病中活过来，她的队友们给她进行及时的心脏复苏，以及一系列的救治，
把她救了回来，因此她觉得自己很幸运，故选C。
58.B 【解析】推理判断题。Taylor 根据自己所学的CPR 知识及时挽救了 Paris 的生命，虽然犹豫了，但是
很快地进行CPR 抢救，说明她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌不忙，不像其他孩子那样陷入惊慌之中，故选
B。
Passage 7
【2017 年天津卷】Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After
climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I
paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.
Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right
in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.
Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would
eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture
of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed
so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.
Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo
anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image
interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman
is engaging with it.
This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ ruined” it, now
hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and
frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some
woman I don’t even know has been immortalized(使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.
Perhaps we all live in each others’ spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all
appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is
greater than us.
That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated
only by a thin square of glass.
41. What happened when the author was about to take a photo?
A. Her camera stopped working.
B. A woman blocked her view.
C. Someone asked her to leave.
D. A friend approached from behind.
42. According to the author, the woman was probably___________.
A. enjoying herself
B. losing her patience
C. waiting for the sunset
D. thinking about her past
43. In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so alive?
A. The rich color of the landscape.
B. The perfect positioning of the camera.
C. The woman’s existence in the photo.
D. The soft sunlight that summer day.
44. The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand ____________.
A. the need to be close to nature
B. the importance of private space
C. the joy of the vacation in Italy
D. the shared passion for beauty
45. The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections upon _____________.
A. a particular life experience
B. the pleasure of traveling
C. the art of photography
D. a lost friendship
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一次旅行的特殊经历带给作者的深思和感悟。
41.B 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第二段第一句Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman
approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view 可知选B。
42.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段的句子She seemed so content in her observation.可知选A。
43.C 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四段的句子And now when I look at it, I think her presence in
the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow
comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.可知选C。
44.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第五段的句子This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before
me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom.可知选D。
45.A 【解析】考查推理判断。最后两段内容是作者对这次特殊经历的感悟，所以这篇文章可以看做是作
者对一次特殊经历的深入思考。故选A。
2016 年记叙文
Passage1
【2016 年新课标Ⅰ卷】I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips—
of those , 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I’ve got two
ice packs and that’s how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor( 捐献者) to
the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time.
I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence,
Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at
Providence, the lady on the desk said: ＂Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you—there are no
flights from Washington.＂ So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:＂In this box are some stem cells
that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.＂ She just
dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me ，re-routed(改道)me through
Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.
For this courier job, you’re consciously aware that in that box you’re got something that is potentially going to
save somebody’s life.
29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word ＂courier＂ in Paragraph1?
A. provider
B. delivery man C. collector
D. medical doctor
30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?
A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.
B. The donor can only wait for that long.
C. The operation needs that much time.
D. The ice won’t last any longer.
31. Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?
A. To London.
B. To New York.
C. To Providence. D. To Washington.
【答案】
29.B30. D31.B
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间
的友爱。
29. B 词义猜测题。根据本段内容 I’ve done 89 trips 和I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box 以及
第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是delivery man。故选B 。
30. D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because I’ve got two
ice packs and that’s how long they last.可知冰盒只能保持42 小时适宜的温度。故选D 。
31. B 细节理解题。根据第二段末句 She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed me
through New York 可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark 的航班。故选 B。
考点：故事类短文阅读
Passage 2
【2016 年新课标Ⅱ卷】Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the
beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each
student, and said: "Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today — and 45 minutes each day
for the rest of the week."
A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the
instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out
of their own imaginations.
Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in
the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here
was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class
whose creativity would infect(感染)other students.
Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of
thinking. Without fail one would declare, "But I’m just not creative."
"Do you dream at night when you’re asleep?"
"Oh, sure."
"So tell me one of your most interesting dreams." The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in
the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. "That’s pretty creative. Who does that for you?"
"Nobody. I do it."
"Really — at night, when you’re asleep?"
"Sure."
"Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?"
5. The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to .
A. know more about the students
B. make the lessons more exciting
C. raise the students’ interest in art
D. teach the students about toy design
6. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. He liked to help his teacher.
B. He preferred to study alone.
C. He was active in class.
D. He was imaginative.
7. What does the underlined word "downside" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Mistake.
B. Drawback.
C. Difficulty.
D. Burden.
8. Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?
A. To help them to see their creativity.
B. To find out about their sleeping habits.
C. To help them to improve their memory.
D. To find out about their ways of thinking.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者五年前在西雅图教学生们美术时在教学中所发生的事情,
以及培养学生们的想象力的方法。
5. A【解析】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的"to find out something about my students"可知,作者使用
Tinkertoys 是为了弄清楚有关学生们的一些事情。故选A 项。
6. D【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work"可知,这个男
孩儿非常具有创造性,故选D 项。
7. B【解析】考查词义猜测。根据下文的"I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of
thinking"可知,作者冒着失去那些有不同思维风格的学生的风险。故可知该词的意思为"不足,缺点",所以选B
项。
8. A【解析】考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Without fail one would declare, ‘But I’m just not creative.’"及
下文内容可推知,作者问学生们他们是否做梦了是为了让他们看到自己的创造力。故选A 项。
Passage 3
【2016 年新课标Ⅱ卷】A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
Frank Hurley’s pictures would be outstanding — undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism — if they had been made
last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难), by a
cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under
freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest
Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica’s
Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent. The
journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached
the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story TheEndurance, adventuring
was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott’s last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and
hunger, caught the world’s imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British
merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his
1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian
photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been
published.
13. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?
A. They were made last week.B. They showed undersea sceneries.
C. They were found by a cameraman.D. They recorded a disastrous adventure.
14. Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?
A. Frank Hurley.B. Ernest Shackleton.
C. Robert Falcon Scott.D. Caroline Alexander.
15. What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?
A. Artistic creation.
B. Scientific research.
C. Money making.
D. Treasure hunting.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。一本新的影集把一次不成功的南极洲的旅行带回到现实生活中,由此引出
了历史上去南极洲探险的事迹。
13. D【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them
after a disastrous shipwreck(海难)"可知,这些照片记录了一次灾难性的冒险,故选D 项。
14. C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog
sled(雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott
had done...in 1912"可知Captain Robert Falcon Scott 是第一个到达南极的人。故选C 项。
15. C【解析】考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial
effort"和"started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography"可
知,Alexander 认为1914 年旅行的目的是赚钱。故选C 项。
Passage 4
【2016 年新课标Ⅲ卷】 On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a
couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes,
another customer was approaching their table.
＂Hey, aren’t you from Mississippi? ＂the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the
stranger. ＂I’m from Mississippi too.＂
Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also
pulled up a chair.
＂They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,＂ Welty said. ＂I didn’t know what my New York
friends were thinking.＂
Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring
outside. Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her
big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state
reunion(团聚).
＂My friend said: ‘Now we believe your stories,’＂ Welty added. ＂And I said: ‘Now you know. These are
the people that make me write them.’＂
Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.
＂I don’t make them up,＂ she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.＂I don’t have to.＂
Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty’s people come from afternoons spent
visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard
on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears
only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.
25. What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?
A. Two strangers joined her.
B. Her childhood friends came in.
C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner.
D. Some people held a party there.
26. The underlined word ＂them＂ in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s _____________.
A. readers B. parties C. friends D. stories
27. What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction?
A. They live in big cities. B. They are mostly women.
C. They come from real life. D. They are pleasure seekers.
【答案】25. A26. D
27. C
【解析】试题分析：本文介绍了美国著名女作家Eudora 在纽约通过晚餐结交了新朋友，他们成为了她的
写作素材。
25. A 细节理解题。第三段中的＂the woman＂指的是第二段中的那个陌生人，根据第三段中的＂When
her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair＂可知，陌生女子的晚餐伙伴也加入了她们的行
列中，故有两个陌生人加入到了Welty 和朋友的晚餐中。
26. D 代词指代题。画线词所在句＂These are the people that make me write them＂的主语These 指的就是
像那两位陌生人那样的人，换言之，这些新朋友就成了Welty 笔下的写作素材，这些人就是让她写
小说的人，故them 指的是＂小说＂。
27. C 推理判断题。根据＂I don’t make them up＂和＂Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting
with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard
on a bus.＂可知，Welty 小说里的人物并非虚构的，他们都来源于现实的生活，故选C。
Passage 5
【2016 年浙江卷】Two things changed my life: my mother and a white plastic bike basket. I have thought
long and hard about it and it’s true. I would be a different person if my mom hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessory
into a life lesson I carry with me today.
My mother and father were united in their way of raising children, but it mostly fell to my mother to actually
carry it out. Looking back, I honestly don’t know how she did it. Managing the family budget must have been a
very hard task, but she made it look effortless. If we complained about not having what another kid did, we’d hear
something like, "I don’t care what so-and-so got for his birthday, you are not getting a TV in your room/a car for
your birthday/a lavish sweet-16 party." We had to earn our allowance(零用钱) by doing chores around the house. I
can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table. My brothers can no doubt remember
hours spent cleaning the house. Like the two little girls growing up at the White House, we made our own beds (no
one left the house until that was done) and picked up after ourselves. We had to keep track of our belongings, and if
something was lost, it was not replaced.
It was summer and, one day, my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed — and there it was in the
window. White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had
to have it.
"It’s beautiful," my mother said when I pointed it out to her. "What a neat basket."
I tried to hold off at first. I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t stand it any longer:
"Mom, please can I please, please get it? I’ll do extra chores for as long as you say. I’ll do anything, but I need that
basket. I love that basket. Please, Mom. Please?"
I was desperate.
"You know," she said, gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing
ever, "If you save up you could buy this yourself."
"By the time I make enough it’ll be gone!"
"Maybe Roger here could hold it for you," she smiled at Roger, the bike guy.
"He can’t hold it for that long, Mom. Someone else will buy it. Please, Mom, please?"
"There might be another way," she said.
And so our paying plan unfolded. My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding
place I couldn’t find. Each week I eagerly counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there
(washing the car, helping my mother make dinner, delivering or collecting things on my bike that already
looked naked without the basket in front). And then, weeks later, I counted, re-counted and jumped for joy. Oh,
happy day! I made it! I finally had the exact amount we’d agreed upon....
Days later the unthinkable happened. A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the
exact same basket fixed to her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rode hard and fast home
to tell my mother about this disaster. This horrible turn of events.
And then came the lesson I’ve taken with me through my life:"Honey, your basket is extra-special," Mom
said, gently wiping away my hot tears. "Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself."
55.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A. The children enjoyed doing housework.
B. The author came from a well-off family.
C. The mother raised her children in an unusual way.
D. The children were fond of the US president’s daughters.
56.When the author saw the basket in the window, she ________.
A. fell in love with itB. stared at her mother
C. recognized it at onceD. went up to the bike guy
57.Why did the author say many "pleases" to her mother?
A. She longed to do extra work.
B. She was eager to have the basket.
C. She felt tired after standing too long.
D. She wanted to be polite to her mother.
58.By using "naked" (Paragraph 12), the author seems to stress that the basket was ________.
A. something she could afford
B. something important to her
C. something impossible to get
D. something she could do without
59.To the author, it seemed to be a horrible turn of events that ________.
A. something spoiled her paying plan
B. the basket cost more than she had saved
C. a neighborhood girl had bought a new bike
D. someone else had got a basket of the same kind
60.What is the life lesson the author learned from her mother?
A. Save money for a rainy day.
B. Good advice is beyond all price.
C. Earn your bread with your sweat.D. God helps those who help themselves.
【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一个自行车篮子的事
情，母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才是最珍贵的。
55. 【答案】C
【解析】 根据第二段的 “We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house…we made our own
beds (no one left the house until that was done) and picked up after ourselves. We had to keep track of belongs,
and if something was lost, it was not replaced.” 可知，作者的母亲用不寻常的方法教育孩子。故选C。
考点：考查推理判断
56. 【答案】A
【解析】根据第三段的 “and there it was in the window. White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers, the
basket winked at me and I knew—I knew—I had to have it.” 可知，当作者在橱窗里面看见这个篮子时就喜欢
上了它。故选A。
考点：考查细节理解
57. 【答案】B
【解析】根据第五段的 “I tried to hold off at first, I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t
stand it any longer” 可知，作者说了很多“pleases”，是因为她渴望拥有这个篮子。故选B。
考点：考查推理判断
58. 【答案】B
【解析】根据第十二段的 “washing the car, helping my mother make dinner, delivering or collecting things on
my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front” 可知作者觉得没有这个篮子，自行车看起来光
秃秃的，使用“naked”这个词，说明这个篮子对她而言是重要的东西。故选B。
考点：考查推理判断
59. 【答案】D
【解析】根据第十三段的 “A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact same
basket fixed to her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles.” 可知作者认为其他人有和她相同
的篮子是一个灾难。故选D。
考点：考查推理判断
60. 【答案】C
【解析】根据文章内容可知，作者的妈妈教育作者要通过自己的努力获得想要的东西，也就是Earn your
bread with your sweat。故选C。
Passage 6
【2016 年北京卷】Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the
beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house. ＂It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so
special,＂ she says.
On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and
Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s
bridge closed.
When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s
friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly.
Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.
In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came
with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers
climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise
buildings.
＂My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,＂ Natalie says, ＂but I can always choose how
I deal with it.＂
Natalie’s choice was to help.
She created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted
information about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down. Within
days, Patrick’s collection was replaced.
In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball;
Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to
Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a
Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.
Today, the scars(创痕) of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear,
and many homes have been rebuilt. ＂I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,＂ Natalie declares. ＂My
neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.＂
59. When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found _________.
A. some friends had lost their lives
B. her neighborhood was destroyed
C. her school had moved to Brooklyn
D. the elderly were free from suffering
60. According to Paragraph 4, who inspired Natalie most?
A. The people helping Rockaway rebuild.
B. The people trapped in high-rise buildings.
C. The volunteers donating money to survivors.
D. Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.
61. How did Natalie help the survivors?
A. She gave her toys to other kids.
B. She took care of younger children.
C. She called on the White House to help.
D. She built an information sharing platform.
62. What does the story intend to tell us?
A. Little people can make a big difference.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. East or west, home is best.
D. Technology is power.
【答案】59. B 60. A 61. D 62. A
【解析】试题分析：Natalie 是一个14 岁的孩子，她生活的地方遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。看到
人们在帮助家乡重建，Natalie 也加入了进去，Natalie 创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠者找到需要帮助
的人。Natalie 的行为得到了社会的认可，她受到了表扬。
59. B 细节理解题。根据第三段＂Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away.＂排除
A；根据第三段＂Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn
＂可知，学校没有搬走，而是Natalie 暂时去Brooklyn 上学，排除C；根据＂people were suffering,
especially the elderly＂排除D；根据＂When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their
neighborhood in ruins.＂可知，他们的街区被飓风毁了，故选B。
60. A 推理判断题。根据第四段＂In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover
inspired Natalie.＂可知，那些帮助Rockaway 恢复重建的人使Natalie 最受鼓舞，故选A。
61. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段＂She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who
wanted to help.＂可知，Natalie 创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息和捐赠信息，故选D。
62. A 写作意图题。根据倒数第二段＂Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the
White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.＂可知，Natalie 的助人行为得到了
社会的认可，她受到了表扬，这说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选A。
考点：人物故事类短文阅读。
Passage 7
【2016 年江苏卷】Not so long ago, most people didn’t know who Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce was going to
become. She was just an average high athlete. There was every indication that she was just another Jamaican
teenager without much of a future. However, one person wanted to change this. Stephen Francis observed then
eighteen-year-old Shelly-Ann at a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness.
Her times were not exactly impressive, but even so, he sensed there was something trying to get out, something the
other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly-Ann a
place in his very strict training sessions. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few years later at
Jamaica’s Olympic trials in early 2008, Shelly-Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat
Jamaica’s unchallenged queen of the sprint (短跑).
"Where did she come from?" asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of
those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs. But Shelly-Ann was
to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder. At the Beijing Olympics she swept away any doubts about her
ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 metres Olympic gold.
She did it again one year on at the World Championships in Berlin, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73
— the fourth fastest time ever.
Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance.
Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in
one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment,
sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is
a really violent and overpopulated place. Several of Shelly-Ann’s friends and family were caught up in the killings;
one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived. Sometimes her family didn’t have
enough to eat. She ran at the school championships barefooted because she couldn’t afford shoes. Her mother
Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but, like so many other girls in
Waterhouse, had to stop after she had her first baby. Maxime’s early entry into the adult world with its
responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse’s roundabout of
poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready
to sacrifice everything.
It didn’t take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer
evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid
who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a
new chapter in the history of sports.
But Shelly-Ann’s victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine
murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the
world’s
toughest
criminal
neighbourhoods
simply
disappeared
for
a
few
days. "I have
so
much
fire
burning
for
my
country,"
Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless
children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down
their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.
As Muhammad Ali puts it, "Champions aren’t made in gyms. Champions are made from something they have
deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a vision." One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding
of this truth.
65.Why did Stephen Francis decide to coach Shelly-Ann?
A. He had a strong desire to free her family from trouble.
B. He sensed a great potential in her despite her weaknesses.
C. She had big problems maintaining her performance.
D. She suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets.
66.What did the sprinting world think of Shelly-Ann before the 2008 Olympic Games?
A. She would become a promising star.
B. She badly needed to set higher goals.
C. Her sprinting career would not last long.
D. Her talent for sprinting was known to all.
67.What made Maxime decide to train her daughter on the track?
A. Her success and lessons in her career.
B. Her interest in Shelly-Ann’s quick profit.
C. Her wish to get Shelly-Ann out of poverty.
D. Her early entrance into the sprinting world.
68.What can we infer from Shelly-Ann’s statement underlined in Paragraph 5?
A. She was highly rewarded for her efforts.
B. She was eager to do more for her country.
C. She became an athletic star in her country.
D. She was the envy of the whole community.
69.By mentioning Muhammad Ali’s words, the author intends to tell us that ________.
A. players should be highly inspired by coaches
B. great athletes need to concentrate on patience
C. hard work is necessary in one’s achievements
D. motivation allows great athletes to be on the top
70.What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Making of a Great Athlete
B. The Dream for Championship
C. The Key to High Performance
D. The Power of Full Responsibility
【答案】65. B 66. C 67. C 68.B 69.D 70. A
【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇励志短文，牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann 从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，
再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性，并想用自己的影响力改变能够吞噬了很多人梦想的贫民窟。
65.B 推理判断题。根据第一段五、六句＂Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann as a
track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginning of true greatness. Her time were not exactly
impressive, but even so, he seemed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had
overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking.＂可知Stephen Francis 从她的身上看到了其他
教练忽视的潜力。故B 项正确。
66.C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句＂Where did she come from?＂ asked an astonished sprinting world,
before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to
disappear again without signs.可知当Shelly-Ann 在2008 年奥运会上获得冠军以后，很多人都质疑她是一
个流星而已，认为她的成功不会延续很长时间。故C 项正确。
67.C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句Maxime’s early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave
her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse’s roundabout of poverty. One of the
first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice
everything.可知Shelly-Ann 的母亲Maxime 很早进入要承担很多责任的成人世界，她决定要让女儿Shelly-
Ann 离开混乱的Waterhouse，唯一的方法就是让女儿练习田径。故C 项正确。
68.B 推理判断题。根据第五段最后四句＂ I have so much fire burning for my country,＂Shelly said. She plans
to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to
inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s
world.可知B 项正确。
69.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段拳王阿里的名言：冠军不是体育馆里造出来的。造就冠军的是冠军内心
深处的某种东西——渴望、梦想、愿景。他们需同时拥有技能和意志，但是意志必须强于技能。作者是
在告诉我们动力让运动员们达到巅峰。故D 项正确。
70.A 标题概括题。本文介绍了牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann 从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成
为世界上跑的最快的女性。激励我们要想成功必须要经过艰苦的努力。故A 项正确。B、C、D 三项的范
围有点过大，与文章不贴切。
Passage 8
【2016 年上海卷】 One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called
Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word ＂Poems＂
appeared in big, hot pink letters.
＂Is it good?＂ I asked her.
＂Yeah,＂ she answered. ＂There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.＂ I leaned forward.
＂‘Patty Poem,’＂ she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:
She never puts her toys away,
Just leaves them scattered① where they lay,… ①散乱的
The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:
When she grows and gathers poise②, ②稳重
I’ll miss her harum-scarum③ noise, ③莽撞的
And look in vain④ for scattered toys. ④徒劳地
And I’ll be sad.
A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the
shock.
＂It’s you, honey,＂ My mother said sadly.
To my mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up and
leaves. To me, the ＂she＂ in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst
out crying.
＂What’s wrong?＂ my mother asked.
＂Oh Mama,＂ I cried. ＂I don’t want to grow up ever!＂
She smiled. ＂Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I’ll still love you,
okay?＂
＂Okay,＂ I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After
what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a
puzzle. The language was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was
now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person’s world.
I have since fallen in love with other poems, but ＂Patty Poem＂ remains my poem.
After all, ＂Patty Poem＂ gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but
because it was the one that hurt me the most.
66. Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?
A. It was a thick enough book.
B. Something on its cover caught her eye.
C. Her mother was reading it with interest.
D. It has a meaningful title.
67. After her mother read the poem to her, the writer felt ______ at first.
A. sad B. excited C. horrified D. confused
68. The writer’s mother liked to read ＂Patty Poem＂ probably because______.
A. it reflected her own childhood
B. it was written in simple language
C. it was composed by a famous poet
D. it gave her a hint of what would happen
69. It can be concluded from the passage that＂Patty Poem＂leads the writer to _______.
A. discover the power of poetry
B. recognize her love for puzzles
C. find her eagerness to grow up
D. experience great homesickness
【答案】66. B
67. A
68. D
69. A
【解析】试题分析：本文属于记叙文，叙述了作者通过阅读＂Patty Poem＂感受到诗歌的美，进而爱上了
诗。
66.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word ＂Poems＂
appeared in big, hot pink letters.可知我的兴趣被激起来了，主要是因为这本书封面上的＂Poems＂很大很红。
故B 项正确。
67.A 细节理解题。根据A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl.可知当母亲
读完这首诗的时候，我很难过。故A 正确。
68.D 推理判断题。根据To my mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up and
leaves. To me, the ＂she＂ in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad.可知对妈妈来说这首诗
让她想起我也会长大并且也会离开她，她也会因为我的离开而非常难受。所以这本书让她把未来可能发生
的事情联系了起来。故D 项正确。
69.A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段＂I have since fallen in love with other poems, but ＂Patty Poem＂
remains my poem. After all, ＂Patty Poem＂ gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted
my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.＂可知这首诗让作者感受了诗歌的美，让作者爱上
了诗歌，因为这是一首有强烈的情感冲击力的诗歌。故A 项正确。
Passage 9
【2016 年天津卷】Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in
footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize
that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be
muddied and they can go off in different directions.
My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last
moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward
her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “ vo-tech”
student(技校学生). They’re called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.
When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”, I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid,” I wanted
to say. “And smart, really.”
I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work
clothes. And they don’t often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).
But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in
offices don’t have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to
repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to
lose.
My son, with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts(零件) from a junkyard, and ability from vo-
tech classes. The lost was $25 instead of $80.
Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have
been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world.
And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects
need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.
41. What used to be the author’s hope for his son?
A. To avoid becoming his clone. B. To resemble him in appearance.
C. To develop in a different direction. D. To reach the author’s unachieved goals.
42. What can we learn about the author’s children?
A. His daughter does better in school. B. His daughter has got a master’s degree.
C. His son tried hard to finish homework. D. His son couldn’t write his book reports.
43. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that _____________.
A. His son had the ability to fix it. B. it would save him much time
C. it wouldn’t cause him any more loss. D. other motorheads would come to help
44. In the author’s eyes, motorheads are _____________.
A. tidy and hardworking
B. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but bright
D. relaxed but rude
45. What did the author realize in the end?
A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.
C. Architects play a more important role than builders.
D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者一开始希望自己的儿子能效仿他，完成他没有实现的目标。但是他的
儿子学习成绩不理想，只上了技校。一次作者的车坏了，儿子和同学帮助作者修好了车，让作者改变了自
己的看法。
41.D【解析】根据第一段的句子You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably
accomplish what you hoped for.可知，作者希望儿子完成他没有实现的目标。故选D。
考点：考查细节理解。
42.A 【解析】根据第三段的句子My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree
in English.可知，作者的女儿学习很好。故选A。
考点：考查推理判断。
43.C【解析】根据第六段的句子I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose. 可知，作
者认为儿子修车不会给他带来任何损失。故选C。
考点：考查细节理解。
44.B【解析】根据倒数第三段的句子These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh
and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright 可知，在作者眼中，motorheads 是
令人兴奋的，聪明的。故选B。
考点：考查推理判断。
45.A 【解析】根据倒数第二段的句子Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in
footsteps or anywhere else.可知，作者最后意识到希望孩子按自己期望的道路走是不明智的。故选B。
考点：考查细节理解。
Passage 10
【2016 年天津卷】Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is
nothing more tiring than not succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the
former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer
we delay it, the more tired we feel.
Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and
bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job
first.
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my
own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a
tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience
proved that the rule works.
Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do
the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In
such a situation, I work as hard as I can — then let the unconscious take over.
When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents
based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept
coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.
One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I
tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back
in an easy chair and fell asleep.
An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the
solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as
hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
51. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to _____________.
A. delay tasks B. work hard C. seek help
D. accept failure
52. What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?
A. Writing essays in strict order. B. Building up physical strength.
C. Leaving out the toughest ideas.D. Dealing with the hardest task first.
53. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?
A. Before starting a difficult task.
B. When all the solutions fail.
C. If the job is rather boring.
D. After finding a way out.
54. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us _____________.
A. ignore mental problemsB. get some nice sleep
C. gain complete relief D. find the right solution
55. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Success Is Built upon Failure
B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue
C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success
D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文章。文章主要介绍每个人都希望成功，但是人们在实施任务的时候会出
现启动疲惫和表现疲惫，这是造成失败的两种原因，并介绍了如何克服这两种疲惫。
51.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段的句子In the former case, we keep putting off a task 可知，有
启动疲惫的人更可能拖延任务。故选A。
52.D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段的句子The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to
apply: always handle the most difficult job first 可知，为了防止启动疲惫，作者建议首先处理最难的
任务。故选D。
53.B【解析】考查细节理解。根据第五段的句子Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle 可知，当
所有的解决方法都失败的时候，一个人可能会有表现疲惫。故选B。
54.D【解析】考查细节理解。根据第五段的最后一句话可知，无意识的行为可能帮助我们发现正确的解决
方法。故选D。
55.C【解析】考查标题归纳。根据全篇文章，尤其是最后一段的内容可知，文章主要介绍造成失败的两种
疲惫以及如何克服疲惫。故选C。
