押题1 主题词 Responsibility
一、核心技法回顾
读后续写黄金法则
情节衔接三要素
首句钩连
续写第一段的首句必须与前文给出的提示句自然衔接
逻辑延续
人物性格、故事基调要保持一致
情感递进
情绪要有发展变化，不能原地踏步
细节描写的“三板
斧”
动作细节
用具体动作代替抽象情感（如“他手心出汗”代替“他很紧
张”）
感官细节
视觉、听觉、触觉等多感官描写
心理细节
内心独白、矛盾挣扎
主题升华技巧
避免说教
不要直接喊口号“我学会了责任”
自然流露
通过人物的行动和感悟自然体现
以小见大
用小事折射大道理
二、责任心主题语料库
（一）核心词汇分类记忆
1. 承认错误类
动作
基础表达
高级表达
留下便条
leave a note
scribble a hasty note / scratch out a message before leaving
坦白
admit one's mistake
own up bravely / confess to what one had done
解释情况
explain the situation
clarify the misunderstanding / set the record straight
承担费用
pay for the damage
cover the expenses / foot the bill / bear the cost
请求原谅
ask for forgiveness
beg for forgiveness sincerely / apologize repeatedly
2. 内心挣扎类
心理
基础表达
高级表达
良心不安
conscience
bothered him
conscience pricked him / guilt ate away at his heart /
it weighed on his mind
心理
基础表达
高级表达
天人交战
be torn between A
and B
be pulled in two directions / be caught in
a moral dilemma / struggle with one's conscience
心跳加速
heart raced
heart hammered against his ribs / heart pounded in his chest /
heart beat wildly
手心出汗
palms sweated
palms grew wet / sweat formed on his forehead / hands
were damp with nervous sweat
如释重负
felt relieved
a burden lifted from his shoulders / relief flooded through him
/ the weight lifted
3. 弥补行动类
行动
基础表达
高级表达
主动提出
offer to
step up to / take the initiative to / volunteer without hesitation
赔偿
pay for
compensate fully / make up for the loss / make it up to sb.
修复
repair it
have it professionally repaired / get it properly fixed / put things right
保证
promise
give one's word / promise sincerely to do better / assure sb. that...
加倍努力
try harder
go the extra mile / put in extra effort / make every effort
4. 情绪反应类
情绪
基础表
达
高级表达
恼怒的
annoyed
visibly irritated / clearly upset / quite put out
惊讶的
surprised
completely taken aback / totally caught off
guard / completely shocked / genuinely stunned
感激的
grateful
deeply grateful / filled with sincere gratitude / truly thankful / couldn't
thank sb. enough
释然的
relieved
breathe a sigh of relief / feel a wave of relief / anxiety melted away
自豪的
proud
swell with pride / feel a sense of pride well up inside
（二）高频句型模板
1. 描写内心挣扎
（1）He was trapped in a dilemma, his mind racing between [A] and [B].
他陷入两难的境地，脑子里在[A]和[B]之间飞快地权衡。
（2）One voice told him to [逃避], while another whispered that [面对].
一个声音告诉他[逃避]，而另一个声音低语着要[面对]。
（3）His conscience was nagging at him, reminding him that it wasn't right.
他的良心不停地纠缠着他，提醒他这样做不对。
（4）The thought of [后果] filled him with dread, but the guilt of [逃避] was even worse.
想到[后果]让他充满恐惧，但[逃避]带来的内疚感更让他难以承受。
2. 描写鼓起勇气
（1）Taking a deep breath, he decided to do the right thing, no matter the outcome.
他深吸一口气，决定做正确的事，不管结果如何。
（2）He summoned up all his courage and [行动].
他鼓起全部勇气，[行动]。
（3）Before he could lose his nerve, he [行动].
趁自己还没退缩，他[行动]。
（4）His hands shaking but his heart determined, he [行动].
他的手在颤抖，但内心坚定，他[行动]。
3. 描写得到谅解
（1）To his surprise/relief, [对方] didn't get angry at all.
令他惊讶/如释重负的是，[对方]根本没有生气。
（2）Instead of blame, [对方] smiled warmly and said, "..."
[对方]没有指责，而是温暖地笑着说："……"
（3）Her words eased his guilt / lifted the weight off his heart.
她的话减轻了他的内疚/卸下了他心头的重担。
（4）In that moment, he learned that honesty could bring unexpected kindness.
那一刻，他明白了诚实能带来意想不到的善意。
4. 描写成长感悟
（1）From that day on, he learned that [道理].
从那天起，他明白了[道理]。
（2）It was in that moment of choice that he truly grew up.
正是在那个抉择的瞬间，他真正长大了。
（3）He realized that being responsible wasn't a burden, but a badge of honor.
他意识到，负责任不是负担，而是一枚荣誉勋章。
（4）The experience changed him forever, teaching him the power of [品质].
这次经历永远改变了他，让他懂得了[品质]的力量。
三、微情节训练：从一句话到一段话（原创）
微情节练习1：内心挣扎
场景设定：
李明在教室捡到一只装有500 元的钱包。教室里空无一人，他最近刚好想买一双心仪已久的
球鞋，父母说等下次考试进步再买。他拿着钱包，陷入了挣扎……
微情节任务：
请运用“内心挣扎”的句型模板，写一段80 词左右的文字，描写李明捡到钱包后的心理活
动。
必用语料：
be trapped in a dilemma
One voice told him to..., while another whispered that...
conscience nagging at him
the thought of... filled him with dread, but the guilt of... was even worse
写作提示：
A（逃避）：把钱留下，去买球鞋
B（面对）：交给老师，寻找失主
后果：失去球鞋机会 vs. 良心不安
你的写作：
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微情节练习2：鼓起勇气
场景设定（接上篇）：
经过一番内心挣扎，李明终于决定要把钱包交给老师。但他走到办公室门口时，又开始犹豫
了——万一老师批评他捡到东西不马上交怎么办？万一失主已经离开学校了怎么办？他站在
门口，手心出汗……
微情节任务：
请运用“鼓起勇气”的句型模板，写一段80 词左右的文字，描写李明如何克服恐惧，走进办
公室。
必用语料：
taking a deep breath
summoned up all his courage
before he could lose his nerve
hands shaking but heart determined
写作提示：
动作细节：深呼吸、敲门、推门
心理细节：害怕被误解、害怕麻烦
决定时刻：不能再犹豫了
你的写作：
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微情节练习3：得到谅解
场景设定：
王芳不小心把同桌的笔记本弄湿了，那是同桌记了整整一个学期的英语笔记。同桌回来后看
到湿透的笔记本，脸色一下子变了。王芳紧张地等待着暴风雨……
微情节任务：
请运用“得到谅解”的句型模板，写一段80 词左右的文字，描写同桌的反应和王芳的感受。
必用语料：
to her surprise/relief
instead of blame, [对方] smiled warmly and said
her words eased his guilt / lifted the weight off his heart
in that moment, he learned that honesty could bring unexpected kindness
写作提示：
同桌的预期反应：生气、责备
实际反应：理解、宽容
王芳的心情变化：紧张→如释重负→感动
你的写作：
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微情节练习4：成长感悟
场景设定：
张伟曾经是个不负责任的学生，经常忘记值日、不交作业、对班级事务漠不关心。但自从那
次他主动承认了自己打碎玻璃的事情后，一切都变了。现在，他是班里的劳动委员，每天都
最后一个离开教室……
微情节任务：
请运用“成长感悟”的句型模板，写一段80 词左右的文字，描写张伟对自己变化的感悟。
必用语料：
from that day on, he learned that
it was in that moment of choice that he truly grew up
he realized that being responsible wasn't a burden, but a badge of honor
the experience changed him forever, teaching him the power of
写作提示：
过去的自己 vs. 现在的自己
关键转折点是什么
对“责任”的新理解
你的写作：
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四、实战演练
（一）基础级（3 道）
1. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One morning, my family and I woke up and went to eat breakfast — until we heard barking and
scratching at the door. When my mom opened the door, we saw a puppy (小狗). We looked around to
see if we could find its owner, but there was no one. We took it inside and fed it.
Regardless of how badly I wanted to keep the puppy, we decided to look for the owner. We
looked all day, but we failed. We talked about whether we should keep looking or whether we should
look the next day. We all agreed to look for its owner the next day.
So, the next day my family and I looked for the dog’s owner. It was so hard looking for its
owner. We were looking for flyers (传单) that involved the puppy, but no luck. We wouldn’t have
quit because it was a puppy.
“We won’t stop looking,” my mom and dad said. We were going to take care of the puppy until
we found its owner.
When we woke up in the morning, we went to a pet shop to buy the puppy some dog food. After
that we went back home to feed the puppy the dog food that we had just bought. After we fed the
puppy, we gave it a nice bath. It was so dirty that the fur was black and sticky, but after we gave it a
bath, it turned white. And I noticed there was a collar (项圈) on it, which said “Coby”. After a while,
we went to look for the puppy’s owner, but my mom stayed at home, and it was only my dad and me
this time.
We continued looking more and more until we found a flyer. We looked at it. It said, “Lost Dog:
Please Help If Found.” Then we looked at the picture; it looked exactly like Coby. We were both
happy that we found a flyer that was for Coby.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
There was a phone number on the flyer.
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We found the lady’s house, and then we knocked on the door.
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2. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I Can Do This
But I learned that there’s a certain character that can be built from embarrassing yourself
endlessly-Christian Bale.
Recently divorced and jobless, I needed work. Scanning newspaper ads, I sighed — I hadn’t
worked for years. A “Waitress Wanted-Day Shift” notice caught my eye, and I smiled at the thought
of trying it. I dressed in a dark blue skirt, white shirt, and black shoes, tying my blond hair back.
Staring in the mirror, I told myself, “I can do this”.
At the restaurant, the owner asked about experience. I mentioned some teen jobs — not a total
lie — and was hired to start in a few days, which I eagerly agreed to. On my first day, the owner had
me watch in a quiet back room. I copied others setting tables, filled salt shakers carefully, and then
ten men came. Panic hit — I breathed, whispered “I can do this”, and grabbed menus, hands shaking.
I introduced myself as a newcomer, using a silly TV accent to ask them to order the fish special,
and they laughed and agreed. Trying to carry three plates like the other waitresses, I dropped the third
— fish, fries, and salad spilling all over one man’s trousers. I apologized anxiously, grabbing napkins
(餐巾) but froze when they laughed loudly. My face burning, I fled to the kitchen, where the staff
was also laughing.
I cried briefly, and then laughed too, repeating “I can do this”. I apologized again, offered to pay
for cleaning, and served the rest without incident. The men chatted normally, and when they left,
each plate had a napkin with a smile drawn and a $20 tip. “Yep,” I said, “I can do this.”
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150 个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
By the time my first day ended, I was exhausted but strangely satisfied.
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Weeks passed, and I gradually became more skilled at my job.
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3. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Kay was a 16-year-old high school student. Every morning, he rode his old bicycle to school.
His family was financially disadvantaged—his parents worked as cleaners and barely made enough
money to pay the bills. So Kay always tried to be careful with his things, afraid of causing any extra
trouble.
One Tuesday morning, the sky was gray and it looked like it would rain. Kay hurried on his
bicycle, worried about being late for class. As he turned a corner near the community park, a big bus
suddenly appeared from the opposite direction. It was coming so fast that Kay didn’t have time to
think. To avoid crashing into the bus, he quickly turned his bicycle to the right. But before he could
stop, his bike hit a small black car parked by the roadside with a loud “bang”.
Kay fell off his bike and scraped (擦伤) his knee. He stood up in a panic and checked the car.
Oh, no! The car’s left headlight was completely broken, and there was a long scratch (刮痕) on the
door. Kay’s heart started beating fast. He looked around—there was no one on the street, and he
didn’t see any security cameras nearby. “I could just leave,” he thought. “No one will know it was
me.”
But then he thought about the car’s owner. The owner must have spent a lot of money on this car.
If he left, the owner would have to pay for the repair all by himself. Kay looked into his schoolbag.
He found a piece of sticky note and a pen. He wrote: “Dear car owner, I’m Kay, a student. I hit your
car by accident this morning. I’m sorry. Please call 555–7890 so we can talk about the repair.” He
stuck the note on the car’s windshield (风挡) and then rode to school, feeling a little nervous but also
calm.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡
相应位置作答。
At night, Tina, the car owner, noticed the broken headlight first.
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Contrary to what Kay might assume, Tina didn’t get angry.
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（二）进阶级（4 道）
4. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Last month, our community launched a volunteer program to build and manage a shared garden.
Posters were displayed at the gate, calling for residents to join hands in planting flowers, growing
vegetables, and maintaining the environment. The idea of turning an abandoned piece of land into a
green garden immediately appealed to me. I phoned my two close friends, Mike and Lily, who lived
in the same neighborhood, and invited them to participate. To my delight, both agreed, excited to
contribute to something meaningful for our community.
On the first Saturday morning, the three of us arrived at the empty land chosen for the garden.
Several community workers were already there, preparing the soil and arranging tools. We were soon
divided into groups, each responsible for different tasks. Mike, who had a gift for design, volunteered
to plan the layout of the flower beds. Lily and I began planting seeds, watering, and labeling each
plant carefully. The sun was very hot, and sweat ran down our faces, yet the laughter around us made
every minute worthwhile. Some neighbors passing by offered bottles of water and even joined us,
saying how wonderful it was to see young people caring for the neighborhood. By the end of the day,
the once-bare ground was covered with rows of green shoots, silently promising a bright future.
As weeks went by, the garden began to take shape. The air was filled with the smell of fresh
earth and blooming (盛开的) flowers. Elderly neighbors stopped by to watch, children came to water
the plants after school, and families enjoyed evening walks along the paths we had created. However,
as summer approached, the enthusiasm started to grow weaker. Some volunteers got busy, and weeds
began to grow quickly. Without regular care, several plants dried up in the heat. Seeing the yellow
leaves and dry soil, I couldn’t help feeling disappointed and worried. Something had to be done if we
wanted the garden to survive.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One afternoon, our leader gathered us to discuss how to manage the garden better.
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Months later, I walked through the garden again and was amazed by its beauty.
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5. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Vicky was a freshman who had just entered university. She always believed that she should stick
to the good qualities she had in high school—studying hard and aiming for progress. Ever since she
started her undergraduate studies, she had a clear plan: to pursue further study in her major field after
graduation. However, she knew that getting into a good graduate school required more than just good
academic grades; all-round development also mattered a lot.
One day, Vicky saw a notice that the school library was recruiting (招募) volunteers. Her teacher
Prof. Sam said this would be a great chance to prove her comprehensive quality. No matter how her
performance was, she would get a volunteer service certificate at the end of the term. With her
excellent communication skills, Vicky passed the interview and became a library volunteer.
Initially, Vicky was full of enthusiasm. But soon, she forgot the real purpose of being a
volunteer. Every time she was on duty, she would sit at the work station and read her professional
textbooks instead of doing her work. Her main tasks included classifying books, helping students
find books and sticking labels on new books. But she paid little attention to them. Once, a girl named
Lily asked Vicky where the literature section was. Vicky didn’t even look up from her book and just
pointed to the corner, saying, “Over there. Can’t you see the sign?” Lily felt awkward and had to
search for the books by herself.
As the term came to an end, the library carried out an evaluation for the volunteers. Students
who had received help from the volunteers were asked to score them. Because of Vicky’s bad
performance, almost everyone gave her a low score. Though Vicky got her volunteer service
certificate, she thought about how she had behaved during the past few months and felt extremely
ashamed. To her, the certificate was more like a joke.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At night, Vicky asked Prof. Sam about the meaning of volunteering.
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Soon, the new term came, and Vicky really made many changes.
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6. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A Dollar on the Conscience (良心)
“A dollar per pound, right?” The woman was already opening her wallet. Actually, the price was
eighty-five cents per pound, and that’s what Mark, the grocery store clerk, had told her. But she’d
misunderstood.
Mark had a solid reputation in the community. People knew him as an honest guy, a straight
shooter. And he liked that. He liked it a lot. It gave him a sense of pride, knowing that people saw
him as a good person.
“But what if I just let this one slide?” he thought as soon as she said “a dollar per pound”. It’s
just fifteen cents. What’s the harm in that? As the woman loaded up on apples, he hesitated. His
conscience was nagging (纠缠) at him, reminding him that it wasn’t right. “Don’t do it, Mark,” he
told himself. “It’s not worth it.” But the words wouldn’t come out. Instead, he silently bagged the
apples and placed them on the scale (秤).
“Not too bad for the price,” the woman remarked, smiling as she handed him a ten dollar bill.
“No, not bad at all,” Mark replied, his hand moving almost on autopilot (机械地) as he counted out
the change.
“Why didn’t I just correct her?” he scolded himself, feeling a pit in his stomach. He knew he was
doing something wrong, but for some reason, he just couldn’t stop himself. The extra dollar felt
heavier in his pocket than any coin he’d ever handled.
“Can you have them delivered to 200 Maple Street?” she asked giving him another polite smile.
Mark nodded, still unable to find his voice. He watched her leave, the doorbell ringing as she stepped
out onto the sidewalk.
“Tell her, tell her there was a mistake,” his mind screamed. “Just run after her and give it back.
She’ll understand.” But the words got stuck in his throat. Instead, he watched her walk away,
disappearing into the city’s hustle and bustle.
It’s funny how something so small-a single dollar-can mess with your head.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mark couldn’t shake the feeling that he’d done something terribly wrong.
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The next morning, as soon as Mark got to work, he saw the woman from the day before walked
in.
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7. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
The Martins adopted their pet dog Saladin ten years ago. A year later their daughter Lucie was
born. Lucie grew up playing with Saladin. But as time went by, Saladin developed arthritis (关节炎).
The family sent Saladi n to Dr. Adams. They paid for the best treatment. But Saladin’s arthritis was
so bad that Dr. Adams failed to save him. Lucie was of course in total sadness.
Dr. Adams knew the family love animals. So when he found a homeless dog, he sent it to them.
They were so delighted to have this hairy brown dog and named it Lollipop. As for this new dog, the
family loved it even more than Saladin. Every day Lollipop would sit at the gate waiting for Lucie to
come back from school. When Lucie opened the door, he would jump around and Lucie would pick
him up and hug it happily.
After supper, the family would walk Lollipop to the grassland near their house. Mrs. Martin was
always very careful to take a plastic bag to collect the waste Lollipop made. She never had Lollipop
making mess to the surroundings.
Mr. Horace had just been promoted to management officer of the community. He worked so hard
to make the community a better place. He made strict rules including rules about pets. Sometimes he
had unpleasant arguments with awkward people. But the Martins always followed the rules very
well.
Unluckily, while walking on the pavement ( 人行道) one day, somehow Lollipop made more
waste than usual, obviously something was wrong with his health. But before the family could clean
all the mess, the staff of the community showed up.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
They took Lollipop away in a cage, saying the owners didn’t follow the rules.
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Hearing Dr. Adams’ words, Mr. Horace realized he misunderstood the Martins.
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（三）挑战级（3 道）
8. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Mike is the kind of guy I always admire. He is always in a good mood and always has something
positive to say.
When someone asked him how he was doing, he would reply, “If I were any better, I
would be twins!” He was a natural motivator. If an employee was having a bad day, Mike
would be there telling the employee how to look on the positive side of the situation.
Seeing this lifestyle really made me curious, so one day, I went up to Mike and asked
him, “I don’t get it! You can’t be a positive person all of the time. How do you do it?”
Mike replied, “Each morning, I wake up and say to myself, ‘You have two choices today.
You can choose to be in a good mood or in a bad mood.’ I choose to be in a good mood.
Each time something bad happens, I can choose to be a victim or to learn from it. I choose
to learn from it.”
“Yeah, right, it’s not that easy,” I protested.
“Yes, it is,” Mike said. “Life is all about choices. When you cut away all the junk,
every situation is a choice. You choose how you react to situations and how people affect
your mood. The bottom line: It’s your choice how you live your life.”
I reflected on what Mike said. Soon after, I left the company to start my own business.
Along the way, my career went through many ups and downs. Gradually, we lost touch with
each other, but I often thought about him when I made a choice about life instead of
reacting to it.
Later, I suddenly heard that Mike was involved in a serious accident, falling from a
tower. Unluckily, he hurt his back. It was after 18 hours of surgery and weeks of intensive
care that he was out of danger.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150 个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When I visited Mike in the recovery center, I thought he’d be sad.
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When Mike left hospital, I invited him to have coffee and share my difficulties.
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9. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
David was a bird rescue expert and gained a lot of attention because of his surprising animal and
bird hatching adventures.
One day, David found four baby goslings (鹅). The babies were stuck on ice and had nowhere to
go. Wrapping them in the warmth of his jacket, this kind man brought them home with him. He made
them a comfortable nest and fed them with a specially prepared mixture, which contained all the
nutrition they would have received in the wild. His gentle touch and soft voice became their comfort
and his presence became a sign of safety in their small, new world. He took care of them like they
were his children.
David was aware that the little goslings would one day need to be released into the wild, so he
started to prepare for their release. First, he sprayed (喷) water on the feathers of the goslings so that
they would be strong enough to fly in case of attacks. Then, he selected a place for those goslings to
live. There was a pond big enough for them to swim at the location. The spot had an inclined plane
(斜面) for the birds to go in and out of the water comfortably. It was an open space where they could
see danger from far away, giving them enough time to escape. The area was also rich in grass,
providing them with a ready source of food.
The departure day finally came. David transported the goslings in a cage and took them to the
pond. After finding a tern (燕鸥) flying in the area, David was sure that it was a perfect spot for his
goslings. Terns, being fish-eaters, indicated a healthy ecosystem, which would be beneficial to the
goslings. Most importantly, the best part was that the pond was not far from his house. This allowed
David to keep a watchful eye on the goslings during their initial days of independent life.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
David did not know how the birds would act when they were released.
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The next day, David returned to check on the goslings.
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10. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I was born in a small town, and was well fed by my parents. Every day my father worked long
hours in a glass factory, so that my family could live comfortably.
However, my father could not earn much money to meet all household expenses. I, who dreamed
of becoming a doctor, was just a student of average academic achievement in school, for which I
could not get my favorite course to study. Instead, I joined a bachelor’s degree course, completed it,
and eventually got a job in a company.
While my life was going on with no dramatic change, my father continued to work in the
factory, so that he did not have to depend on me. After one year of work, at my parents’ request I got
married to a girl from a neighbouring town, and at the same time got a promotion in my job. In the
years that followed, my wife gave birth to three kids and we had a happy family.
However, when I began to earn a handsome salary, I also started to live luxuriously (奢侈地),
spending money like water. As a consequence, I was neither able to manage all the household
expenses, nor pay for the children’s education and other basic necessities.
It so happened that my father fell sick, and as a result, could not continue his work in the factory.
He came to the company where I worked and requested me to give some money for his treatment. I,
who was now trapped in financial trouble. shouted at him, complaining, “You never gave me what I
needed and wanted, and it took me more than 10 years to get settled. Now, while I am again
struggling for money, you are not doing anything to help me, but instead are a burden to me! So,
please don’t come to me again.” Hearing these words, my father left sadly.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150 左右;
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Walking home with a heavy heart, I encountered a small boy selling toys.
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The poor boy’s story gave a shock to my heart.
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