第 09 讲 阅读补全（七选五）
目录
01 考情透视·目标导航········································································································································1
02 知识导图·思维引航········································································································································2
03 考点突破·考法探究········································································································································3
考点一 题型破解···················································································································································3
知识点1 命题特点···································································································································3
知识点2 解题要点·································································································································3
知识点2 高分技巧·································································································································3
考点二 段首设空题 ············································································································································4
考点三 段中设空题················································································································································5
考点四 段尾设空题··············································································································································11
04真题练习·命题洞现
1.真题实战 ··············································································································································12
2.命题演练 ··············································································································································16
近五年七选五考点细目
年份 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 字数 选项特指
新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 使用英语词典的心得 1 4 0 273+61 完整句
2024
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 如何避免过度性旅游 1 3 1 259+52 完整句
新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅的办法 0 4 1 247+82 完整句
2023
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 261+63 完整句
新课标I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 257+76 完整句
2022
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1 4 0 237+74 完整句
新课标I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 270+83 完整句
2021
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1 2 2 250+75 完整句
2020 新课标I卷 记叙文 人与社会 公开演讲的一些原则 1 3 1 235+73 完整句考点一 题型破解知识点1 命题特点
阅读理解七选五文章是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补
全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。体裁以说明文、记叙文为主。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为
辅。
话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。语篇模式也较为固定：依
次是提出问题、分析问题、最后是提供解决方案；主要考查考生的做题技能和阅读判断能力。
命题分布及考查方向：题目的位置固定：有首句、句中、末句与独立成段 四种情形；考查的方向大致可分为主旨概
括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义） 三类。
若问题在段首，通常是段落主题句。若是针对段落小标题设空。其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同。选项应短小精评，多
为名词词组、动名词短语或祈使向。若段落首句设空，段首句要么与段落标题相关联，要么是段落主题句。选项要有概
括性。
知识点2 解题要点
一“通读”---通读全文把握大意，
二“精读”---以空位单位，结合设空位置和段落结构做出初步判断。注意先易后难，一时有困难及时放一放，
三“复读”—重点复读有疑问的选项，从设空位置、前后句逻辑、段落关键词入手多方考虑。
阅读七选五 侧重 考查考生对文章内容、结构及上下文逻辑的理解和把握 。解题是遇到模棱两可难以判断的空时遵循先易
后难的原则，一时有困难及时放一放。重点复读有疑问的选项时，从设空位置、前后句逻辑如选项中或者设空处后面的
人称代词、段落关键词入手多方考虑。
知识点3 高分技巧
第一步：通读全文，掌握大意
阅读七选五多为说明文，寻找主题句是掌握全文主旨大意最有效的方法。说明文的主题句一般是首段的第一句或第二句，
有些会出现在文章的末尾，阅读时要特别关注这些句子。
第二步：阅读选项，标记线索通读完文章，依次快速浏览各个选项，弄清句子的类别和意义，并找出每个选项中的线索
词或关键词，据此初步确定哪个选项应放在文章的哪个位置上。
第三步：详读段落，定位选项了解文章大意和选项内容之后，再细读文章，分析上下文语段之间的逻辑关系和语义关系，
根据所标记的线索词和关键词（如：代词的作用就是指代前面提及的名词或句子，根据指代关系和代词的单复数差异可
以快速解题），进一步确定选项。
第四步：研读选项，排除干扰尽管答案已选出，但为了避免失误，还要对多余的两个选项进行进一步的研读，确认它们
和文章的意义没有关联，最终将其排除。
名师提醒：段中设空的题要注意分析前后的逻辑性和内容的连贯性，注意句子之间的衔接手法。当设空在段中时，通常
考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的街接关系。
常见的逻辑关系包括7类: 总分关系、并列关系 、 递进关系 、 转折关系 , 因果关系、解释关系和例证关系。
考点二 段首设空题
段首设空考查小标题或段落主题句
考查方向：小标题或段落主题句：位于篇首或段首设空，一般考查文章或段落主题。注释小标题：如在小标题之后接着
设空，一般是对小标题加以注释。段落间的过渡句：如首段之后的段首设空，一般是考查承上启下的过渡语句。典例1.（2024年新高考II卷） Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities,
but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16 . So, should we stop traveling? ___
Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions
to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the
same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.
___17 Travel for you and no one else . . ___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is
described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That
means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. Why not try a
regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer
tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
......
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
考点三 段中设空题
一 段中设空考查逻辑关系
段中设空主要考查上下文的逻辑关系。有时会出现下列衔接词汇或短语结构: first, second, then, next, later, soon, so, but,
however, additionally, what’s more, that is, namely, in other words, for one thing. . . for another 等, 这些词汇和短语结构在文章
中起到提示逻辑关系的作用,是解题时需要重点关注的部分。考生应对常用的逻辑关系了然于心，并在阅读时能有效地找
出关键信息。常考逻辑关系如下，
（1） 总分关系 ：指选项是中心句；
（2） 并列 关系 ：指选项与前句或后句在结构或内容上一致；
（3） 递进 关系 ：指后句对前句进行补充说明或语义上的延伸；（4） 转折 关系 ；指选项与前句或后句语义相反或相对，后句往往是对前句的修正，表达作者的真正意图；
（5） 例证关系 ：指后句是前句的具体实例。
（6） 概括阐释 ：指前句对后句或后句对前句进行归纳概括，若前句归纳，后句即是对前句的具体阐释，使得概念更加
清晰易懂；若后句概括，即后句是对前句所阐释的内容进行意义整合；
（7） 因果关系 ：指选项与前后句构成因果关系；
1、根据总分关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:“总”是指总体概括，“分”指的是内容的具体展开；
二是技巧运用:是先“总”后“分”，是先“分”后“总”,还是先“总”后“分”再“总”。
例如：
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open
fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days
off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
F. After the trip, my family became interested in camping.
2、根据解释关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:提出观点，然后对该观点解释说明；
二是技巧运用:设空处是提出的观点还是对观点的解释说明。
典例 In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are
always crowded. 40 When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that
some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can
be on call.A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
3、根据例证关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系；
二是技巧运用:是先给例子，再归纳观点;还是先给出观点,再举例说明。
典例The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 37 Our
building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French
phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
4、根据转折关系确定答案
表示转折关系的连接词有: but但是, however/whereas然而, nevertheless仍然, 然而, 不过, nonetheless尽管如此, 依然, 然
而, still还; 然而, though可是, 不过, 然而, yet然而, in spite of不顾, 不管, at any rate无论如何, 至少, in any case无论
如何, 不管怎样, whoever无论是谁, whatever无论什么, on the contrary正相反, in contrast与此相反, 相比之下, by
contrast相反, 相比之下, in comparison比较起来, 比较地, by comparison相比之下, conversely相反(地), otherwise否
则; 除此以外, not. . . but不是……而是, as well也等。
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:指英语行文中后句与前句构成逆转逻辑关系；
二是技巧运用:空格前后两句话之间如果是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个表示转折关系的句子。
典例1（2024年新高考I卷）
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English
Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull".
____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
【思维建模】选项初读时应当关注But这种明显转折意义的词，结合but之后句意，再根据设空前的句子即可推断正确
答案。
5、根据因果关系确定答案
表示因果关系的连词有as a result/consequently结果, thus/therefore因此, so (such). . . that. . . 如此……以至于……等。
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点：指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系；
二是技巧运用：是说明了前因后果还是前果后因等情况。
典例1.（2024年新高考II卷）
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities,
but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___ Certainly not. The loss of what
travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the
places we visit and improve our experience.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
典例2.
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.__ 36 __ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor
apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
6、根据递进关系确定答案
表示递进关系的连词有: also也, 而且, further另外(地), furthermore而且, 此外, likewise同样地, 照样地; 也,又, similarly相
似地, 类似地, moreover而且, 再者, 此外, in addition另外, 加之, what’s more更重要的是, too也,还, either也, neither两者都不, not only. . . but also不但……而且等。
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:后面的句子是对前面所述内容的进一步解释说明，即行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系；二是技巧运
用:空格前后两句之间如果是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。
例如：
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is
needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept
doesn’t work if one doesn’t understand it. 34 So a common language is required and in postcrossing that’s English since it’s
widely spoken.
A. And that’s totally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
7、根据并列关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系；
二是技巧运用:寻找表示并列的关系词,如:and, first(ly), second(ly),...; first, then/next, ..;in the first place, in the second place.;
for one thing, for another; to begin with, to conclude等标志性词语。
例如：
What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking? If you can’t take their wine away, you should
certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something
and just remove them from the situation. 3 9 .
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
二 段中题考查词汇线索
1.人称代词或物主代词指代
前文出现过的人或物，再次提到时，为了避免重复，为避免重复，常用人称代词，不定代词，指示代
词，反身代词，以及 such 和 so 指代前文提到的内容。解题时要注意指代的人称、数的一致性。
it 可指代单数名词或整个句子; they 或 them 指代复数名词；one 指代单数可数名词;
ones 指代复数名词;that 指代不可数名词或句子; this 指代单数名词或句子:these 或 those 指代前句的复数名词。做题过程中要特别关注空后的句子或选项中是否有代词，可以利用
指代关系以及代词单复数形式的差异快速锁定答案。
2.词汇线索---高频词复现（同义词/近义词/上下义词/同一范畴词）
作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。达到语义衔接的目的。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义
词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现和同范畴词出现等。在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来
说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
典例1.（2024新课标Ⅰ卷）Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect,
professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to
spell words correctly.
......
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale
for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations
and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's
nothing better.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
考点四 段尾设空题
如果设空处在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。也可以是承上启下（过渡）句子。一 段尾句考查总结概括句表概况归纳关系有：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whole ,
to sum up 等。
二 段尾句考查补充信息句 对前文内容进行补充说明,这时要选择补充性的语句。
三 段尾句考查承上启下(过渡)句 段落间的过渡句,首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词,再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案
的选择。
典例1.(2024新高考II卷)
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for
others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or
when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 38
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
典例2. (2023全国I卷)
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness.
List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39
A. Feeling upset again?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
一、 真题实战
1.（2024新课标I卷）
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented
manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus ( 同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's
spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned
enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins
Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are
similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale
for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinationsand idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's
nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English
Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull".
____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
2.（2024年全国甲卷）What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should
feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in
between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat
slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless
overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy
snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as
sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat
and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy
up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies
suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate
weight.
.
A Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
3.（2024年新高考II卷）
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities,
but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___ Certainly not. The loss of what
travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the
places we visit and improve our experience.●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring
the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws
you. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is
described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That
means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular
destination’s lesser-known sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer
tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the
first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
4.（2024年浙江卷1月）
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ___16___ But
are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? ___17___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage of online
learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can
be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a
self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with
in person courses. ___19___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online
course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and
contribute to online discussion boards.
___20___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink,
an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can
also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to
discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.5.（2023年全国乙卷）
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.
____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress
and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are
not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months, plants around
the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity,
focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such
as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from
supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as
they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into
people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
（2023年全国甲卷）
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer.
___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right ai our fingertips. However, research suggests
that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___.
“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting
for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.
___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon
find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortabel is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something
outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’llthen gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
二、 命题演练
1.（23-24高三·江苏前黄中学·模拟试题）Knowledge is power, and the more you learn about mental health, the better
the position you may be in to help those facing mental health battles. Consider doing the following things to support those closest
to you.
Attend a training course
1 . In fact, anyone can benefit from depression awareness training that focuses on supporting those at risk. You
might be a teacher that manages youth or a sports coach wanting to pick up on depression risk signs in your players. You may
even be a worried parent who wants to make sure your children can tell you anything. Depression awareness and prevention
courses teach you both theoretical and practical skills to recognize warning signs and behaviors. 2 .
Listen
If someone approaches you in their time of need, it’s not always easy to know what you’re supposed to do, and it may be
more beneficial for you to just listen. 3 . They may just need to get what they are feeling off their chest and to feel valid
at that moment. Try your best not to interrupt, but ask questions if you require clarification. The more listening you do, the better
your position in deciding what to do next.
4
While being a listening ear is sometimes all someone needs to feel better, you can also become an ongoing source of
support. Check in with the person experiencing a mental health problem like depression so that they know you are always there
for them. Make contact with them regularly to see how they are feeling. Just knowing someone cares can make a world of
difference.
Call emergency services
Your support, guidance, and listening ear can be of great value to anyone going through a tough time. 5 . If
someone you know is experiencing self-abuse thoughts or tendencies, don’t delay in seeking emergency help. The faster you act,
the safer your friend or family member may be.
A．Check in with them
B．Suggest support services
C．However, it’s essential to know your limits
D．Such a course may just help you to prevent someone’s depression
E．They may not need you to offer solutions or even give them a hug
F．Sometimes, the best thing you can do is encourage them to seek professional help
G．You don’t have to be in a professional health role to attend depression prevention training
2.（2025·江苏盐城·五校联考）Lying awake for hours before falling asleep is a common problem. Even if you can finallyfall asleep, taking too long to fall asleep can lead to too few hours of sleep altogether. 6 So people having trouble falling
asleep always wonder how they can sleep well.
Parents know from experience that gentle music can help babies fall asleep. Science supports this, showing that children of
all ages, from babies to elementary school children, sleep better after listening to comfortable music. Fortunately, children aren’t
the only ones who can benefit from gentle music before bedtime. 7
Listening to music likely improves sleep for more than one reason. Music can promote sleep directly by affecting your
physiology (生理机能). 8 Besides, it can also promote sleep by becoming a healthy bedtime habit. Many people can’t
fall asleep quickly because stressful and worrying thoughts keep them awake at night. By listening to music, the mind has
something else to focus on. With time, the practice of listening to music at bedtime becomes more effective as the brain positively
associates music with sleep.
9 Studies have looked at many types of music and playlists but there isn’t a clear answer about the best music for
sleep. What we do know is that researchers have typically used either a self-made playlist or one that has been designed especially
with sleep in mind. One of the most important things on how music affects a person’s body is their own musical preferences.
10 For those who don’t want to design their own playlist, online music services have stepped in and usually offer playlists for
sleep or relaxation.
A．It can guarantee sufficient sleep.
B．It’s natural to wonder about the best type of music for sleep.
C．The quality and quantity of our sleep become poor as we age.
D．Listening to music can reduce your stress and inspire positive feelings.
E．This can have a serious effect on a person’s quality of life if it continues.
F．People across age groups report better sleep quality after listening to soft music.
G．Useful personal playlists may include relaxing songs that have helped with sleep in the past.
3.（24-25高三上·浙江强基联盟）Do you feel overwhelmed, frustrated, or uninterested in life lately? 11 There are
some effective ways to deal with these feelings and regain control over your life.
12
If you’re feeling lost, the first step to regaining direction is to admit your feelings to yourself. Remind yourself that it’s
perfectly normal to feel disappointed, or unfulfilled sometimes— everybody does at some point! These feelings are natural
reactions to overwhelming events or changes.
Ask yourself why you’re feeling lost.
You don’t have to unearth the answer right away. Just ask yourself introspective (内省的) questions while journaling or
meditating to turn your attention inward. 13 The journey to find your way again is highly personal and there are no right
or wrong feelings to have!
Replace negative behavior or habits with healthier routines.
Do you have any less-than-helpful habits that weigh you down, like endlessly scrolling through social media or snapping at
loved ones when you’re stressed? 14 Instead, swap these habits with new, positive ones.
Work with a mental health professional if you’re stuck.
It’s normal to need outside guidance to find your way in life again. If you find yourself at a loss for what to do next or aren’t
sure how to cope with your feelings, see a therapist or counselor. 15 Additionally, they can show you how to make
meaningful changes in your life to make you happier, healthier, and more enthusiastic about the future.
A．Do things that make you feel good.B．If you do, know that you’re not alone.
C．Acknowledge and accept your feelings.
D．Allow yourself to think and process without judgment.
E．They can help you identify your feelings and the causes of them.
F．When you’re lost, it’s normal to lean into these unhealthy routines.
G．So, identify your top priorities and focus your time and energy on them.
4.（24-25高三上·湖北·阶段练习）Whether you like it or not, fall is here. Soon the weather will get colder. The leaves
will die and the nights will stretch longer than the days. Another year is dying; that’s just how it goes.
Studies suggest that if you are deeply preoccupied with your thoughts, in the autumn, you may be at more risk for
depression in the winter. Changing the clocks in the fall is associated with depressive episodes (changing them back in spring is
not). 16
Psychologists say that the feelings that often crop up in autumn come from our discomfort with change, and an anxiety and
uncertainty about what that change will bring.
17 And of these things the anxiety, the promise and even the careful thoughts— make it the ideal season to build
resilience and practice mindfulness. Psychologists have also found that the thought of change, the ending of one thing, the
beginning of another, and perhaps our own mortality, underlies a great deal of anxiety. Some of us struggle with “intolerance of
uncertainty,” more than others.
But intolerance of uncertainty is a part of being human; everyone has it on some level. 18 One way to build
tolerance is to lean into it— to cultivate uncertainty rather than running away from it.
19 Quietly sit on a park bench and watch a tree drop its leaves, for instance, examine the roses in the garden that
need pruning ... in such moments, it’s important to stop thinking, analyzing, or having internal conversations about work or
troubles or even whatever you are witnessing.
Autumn will probably hold some whisper of decay and mortality. 20 If you are always trying to avoid difficult
feelings, you might end up also cutting yourself off from love, richness and sweetness. Dr. Wilson said, “this is how life is: sweet
and sad, poured from the same vessel in equal measure.”
A．And it is changeable.
B．But it is not that bad.
C．But embracing that sadness is important.
D．More recently, it’s become a time to appreciate our surroundings.
E．Fall also brings with it bright, briskdays, pumpkin patches and cozy sweaters.
F．It is no wonder that the season has so many celebrations to attempt to keep our spirits up.
G．Another strategy experts suggest for soothing anxiety is to step back and simply observe the world around you.
5.（24-25 高三上·云南·阶段练习）As part of our real lives of Olympians series, The Telegraph has been talking to
several former Olympic medalists about how they keep fit now.
· Do little and often.
This doesn’t have to be a workout— short, simple “exercise snacks” will do. Goodhew, for example, brushes his teeth while
standing on one leg and does stretching positions in bed. 21 “I turn up the music and hope that nobody is looking through
the window because it does look a bit wild.”
· 22Whether it’s salted crisps or a bag of sweets, Olympians don’t cut out their guilty pleasures. “I think once you start to take
things out of your diet, that’s when your body desires it, so you start wanting it more,” says Christie, whose treat is a coffee or tea
sweetened with condensed milk (炼乳). 23
· Drink lots of water.
Goodhew drinks two glasses of water before starting his day. 24 While the amount of water you need depends on
your body and lifestyle, studies have shown that drinking more water is linked to weight loss and indeed keeps your bones
hydrated (含水的) by delivering calcium and other nutrients.
· Give priority to sleep.
25 “During my athletic career, you had to learn to sleep because you go to places where you never know if you’re
going to get a good night’s sleep,” recalls Christie.
A．Give in to your desires now and then.
B．Stick to exercise every day to keep fit.
C．Another of his easy exercises is dancing.
D．For Olympians, rest is just as important as exercise.
E．No white sugar or bread, because it’s more processed.
F．Similarly, Dame Kelly Holmes admits that she’s a big chocolate fan.
G．“When you sleep you don’t drink anything for many hours,” he explains.
6.（24-25高三上·浙江·阶段练习）How to Keep a Pet Bird Quiet
Birds can be excellent companions, but they can also make a lot of noise. Sometimes that noise is unavoidable, but there are
a few steps you can take to train your bird out of loud or continuous squawking (尖叫).
26 Most birds tend to make some noise, either by singing or squawking. Birds tend to be most vocal during waking
hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening. Some birds are more likely to make noise than others, but
understand before bringing a bird home that some noise will be unavoidable.
Teach your bird to speak softly. Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling. 27
It’s often easier to teach them soft- spoken words compared to other types of sounds. Furthermore, it's important to maintain a
calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird. 28 Because this could strengthen the behavior you are trying to
discourage.
Avoid quick movements. It’s possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird,
causing him to feel anxious or over- stimulated. 29 If you have children living at home, teach them not to run through the
room your bird is in.
Provide your bird with comfort and security. Birds in the wild participate in “flock calls” as a way of communicating with
other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock. If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room, it could be his attempt at
sending you a flock call. 30
A．Understand bird behavior.
B．Train your bird to be quiet.
C．This may be especially useful for parrots.
D．Give him a treat for quietness to earn your love.
E．Try squawking back to let him know that you’re safe.
F．Do not raise your voice in response to your bird’s volume or tone.
G．Move slowly around your bird, and encourage others to do the same.7.（24-25高三上·四川·阶段练习）Gratitude, in its simplest form, is the act of feeling grateful for what you have. 31
If you are a person that practices gratitude regularly, you may have benefited a lot from that. Studies have shown that practicing
gratitude can significantly boost people’s happiness and well-being, allowing them to live a more fulfilling life. So how can we
practice gratitude? Here are ways that will set you in the right direction.
Keep a gratitude journal. Keep it simple and each day write 1 — 3 things you are grateful for in the morning and in the
evening. 32 A lot of people focus on what they don’t have, or complain all day, making themselves upset. But when you
focus on the positive, no matter how small, you attract more of the positive.
Don’t compare. It’s easy to compare ourselves to others and want what they have. When you do that, you’re not
appreciating your own unique journey. We’re all on a different life path and we were born to stand out. 33
Flash a smile. A lot of people don’t smile these days, and often you have to be the one that initiates (发起) it. Smiling at
someone can not only make you feel good, but also make their day, too. 34 While you’re at it, give compliments (问候),
too.
35 It’s easy to focus on the negative of the past or worry about the future. If you can live in the moment and take in
everything as they happen, you’ll discover joys that are often overlooked. There are joys of playing with your classmates in the
playground, the conversation with your friends across the table and the smell of rain. Enjoy and embrace these moments.
A．Live in the present.
B．So how often do you practice gratitude?
C．Do you know how to practice gratitude sincerely?
D．It will allow you to see more joy and beauty in your days.
E．Always discover the positive side of the people around you.
F．So smile more and watch how your day can instantly turn around.
G．Value the path you take and be grateful for who you are and what you have.
8.（24-25高三上·海南海口·阶段练习）Exploring rivers through paddleboarding or rowing is exciting, but safety should
always be top priority. 36 :
Before You Go: Ensure your trip matches your skill level and physical condition. Basic swimming ability is crucial. Read
reviews to understand what to expect and ensure your insurance covers the activity.
On the Water: 37 — paddleboards or rowing boats-for good condition. Wear a snug life jacket and, in colder
weather, a wetsuit. Discuss river conditions with your guide and familiarize yourself with the planned route, including any
challenges.
During the Experience: Listen carefully to safety briefings and follow instructions from your guide. Stay alert to
surroundings and potential hazards. Learn self-rescue techniques in case of falls or capsizing.
38 : Confirm your guide’s qualifications, including rescue training and First Aid/CPR certifications. Understand the
emergency plan for injuries or unexpected situations. 39 , especially in challenging conditions.
Respecting the Environment: Follow local rules and guidelines to minimize impact on wildlife and other users. Use eco-
friendly sunscreen and dispose of waste properly. 40 .
By prioritizing safety, communicating effectively with your guide and group, and respecting nature, you can enjoy a safe
and rewarding paddleboarding or rowing adventure on rivers
A．Check your equipment
B．Emergency PreparednessC．Safety can be guaranteed
D．Here’s a concise guide for enthusiasts
E．Support efforts to keep the area clean and sustainable
F．Maintain communication with your group for support
G．We must try our best to find more ways to help protect the environment
9.（24-25高三上·云南大理·期中）Critical thinking means making reasoned judgments that are logical and well-thought-
out. To think critically, you don’t simply accept all arguments and conclusions you are exposed to. 41 Here are several
tips to develop your critical thinking skills.
Question ideas and assumptions. 42 They constantly question ideas and assumptions rather than accepting them
at face value. They will always seek to determine whether the ideas, arguments and findings represent the entire picture and are
open to finding why they do not. It is about being an active learner rather than a passive receiver of information.
43 When analyzing a work procedure or process, you can creatively come up with ways to make it faster and
more efficient. It is a skill that can be strengthened over time. To discover certain patterns of information and make abstract
connections between seemingly unrelated data will improve your critical thinking. This is valuable no matter what career you take
up.
Adjust your perspective. Previous education and life experiences leave their marks on a person’s ability to objectively
evaluate certain situations. By acknowledging these biases, you can improve your critical thinking and overall decision process.
44 Putting yourself in other people’s shoes will help you imagine their motivations, ambitions, and confusions.
Practice reflection. Baking time for reflection into your day, particularly after an emotional situation is resolved or a big
project is completed. Consider: What was the context? What was I thinking and feeling in the moment? What were other people
thinking and feeling in the moment? What could I have done differently knowing what I know now? 45 They would tell
you how you handled something and what they would have done differently.
A．Think creatively.
B．Work effectively.
C．Empathy can also be of great help.
D．Critical thinkers definitely have the ability to reason.
E．It can be helpful, too, to ask for feedback from someone you trust or admire.
F．Besides, you can build good relationships that will help you make a decision.
G．Instead, you keep an attitude involving questioning such arguments and conclusions.
10.（24-25 高三上·山东德州·阶段练习）In today’s consumer-driven society, credit cards have become an essential
financial tool for many. 46 However, there is also a hidden danger: the minimum payment trap. While the minimum
payment may seem like a manageable way to handle debt, it can quickly lead to a never-ending cycle of financial struggles. So
let’s explore the harmful nature of minimum payments.
The minimum payment is a mirage (海市蜃楼). At first glance, the minimum payment appears to be a reasonable sum. It’s
often a small percentage, around 2-3%, of the total balance. This seemingly manageable sum can make cardholders form a false
sense of security, leading them to believe that they’re making progress toward paying off their debt. 47
The cost of minimum payments is far from our expectations. Many people fail to realize that making only minimum
payments barely covers the interest that adds up on the outstanding balance (未偿余额), let alone reduces the principal amount
owed. 48 A large part of each payment will go towards interest charges rather than reducing the debt itself.Consequently, people find themselves trapped in an endless cycle of paying off interest while the principal balance remains high.
49 As the cycle continues, the balance may actually grow over time, especially if new purchases are made on the
card. This occurs when interest continuously adds up on the existing balance. What started as a manageable sum can quickly
balloon into a financial burden.
People will probably suffer from psychological problems. The constant stress of increasing debt can lead to anxiety,
depression, and feelings of helplessness. 50 It’s a harmful cycle that feeds on itself, leaving many feeling trapped and
hopeless.
A．There is a worrying snowball effect.
B．Actually, the reality is much more concerning.
C．They offer convenience, flexibility, and rewards.
D．The minimum pavements attract people to purchase more.
E．It is essential to first understand the impact of the interest.
F．Credit card companies apply relatively high interest rates.
G．The longer one remains trapped, the harder it is to break free.
