第二模拟（仿北京卷）
2025 年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷
（解析版）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。
I moved to a new city and took a job in marketing. I didn’t really understand whether it applied to me. I
enjoyed doing things that I felt had 1 . As the months passed, I felt it just wasn’t for me. I needed to find a
way out.
A job advertisement for an editor for a new youth magazine came at exactly the right time. I applied and was
successful. My role was to help teams of young people edit their content and help them with their work. I had
assumed the magazine would be a(n) 2 of games and dull reviews, so I was 3 when one of the
first pieces written was about social welfare. 4 , I found something I was interested in.
I felt a 5 in me straight away. I had a purpose again. Days were lost to discussing hot topics and
6 the words of their strong and opinionated (坚持己见的) voices. 7 in their world, I could see
myself making a difference to the team’s writing ability. As our website 8 increased and the work
shifted to reflect what our audiences wanted, I developed a greater understanding of what young people might want
to read.
The biggest change the job brought, though was to my well-being. It is rare you find yourself in a job you
love, one that you are happy to 9 each day. I was thriving in this creative environment, inspired by the
talented young people I was helping to 10 their careers. Now, I realize that there are jobs that
will keep you happy, energetic and inspired.1．A．purpose B．convenience C．restriction D．entertainment
2．A．replacement B．mixture C．innovation D．symbol
3．A．amused B．embarrassed C．touched D．surprised
4．A．Naturally B．Generally C．Frequently D．Finally
5．A．contrast B．shock C．change D．shame
6．A．reading B．translating C．spelling D．copying
7．A．Trapped B．Hidden C．Invested D．Imagined
8．A．hits B．pages C．profits D．advertisements
9．A．leave behind B．go into C．refer to D．set aside
10．A．transfer B．rescue C．discipline D．further
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了放弃了自己不喜欢且感觉没有目标的工作，去应聘了一个编辑
工作，帮年轻人改稿子，作者觉得非常开心，觉得自己改变了很多，对工作充满热情，对年轻人也很有帮
助。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢做我觉得有意义的事情。A. purpose目的意图，意义价值；B.
convenience便利；C. restriction限制，约束；D. entertainment娱乐。根据上文“I didn’t really understand
whether it applied to me”可知，作者不知道为什么从事当时的那份工作，所以推测，作者喜欢做有意义的
事，下文“I had a purpose again.”中purpose是原词复现。故选A项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原以为这本杂志会是一堆游戏和无聊评论的混合体，所以当我看到最初
的一篇文章是关于社会福利的时候，我感到很惊讶。A. replacement取代，替代品；B. mixture混合；C.
innovation创新；D. symbol符号，象征。根据下文“of games and dull reviews”可知，作者应该是猜想年轻
人写内容多是这两种的混合。故选B项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. amused被逗笑的，愉悦的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. touched
感动的；D. surprised惊讶的，出乎意料的。根据下文“when one of the first pieces written was about social
welfare. ____4____ , I found something I was interested in”可知，作者原以为会看到年轻人作品会很无聊，事
实看到写的是社会福利这样有意义的社会问题，所以作者感到很惊讶。故选D项。
4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于，我找到了我感兴趣的事情。A. Naturally自然而然地；B. Generally一
般来说；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Finally最后，终于。根据上文“As the months passed, I felt it just wasn’t
for me. I needed to find a way out.”以及下文“I found something I was interested in.”可知，几个月过去了作者没有找到合适的工作，终于找到自己喜欢又有意义的工作。故选D项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻感到我的内心发生了变化。A. contrast对比；B. shock震惊；C.
change变化，改变；D. shame羞耻。原来做的是不适合自己的工作，现在是自己很喜欢的工作，心情是变
化了。下文“I had a purpose again.”以及“The biggest change the job brought, though was to my well-being”都
说明作者感受到了自己的变化，其中change是原词复现。故选C项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天的时间在讨论热点话题和阅读他们的强烈和坚持己见的声音中过去
了。A. reading阅读；B. translating翻译；C. spelling拼写；D. copying复制。根据上文“My role was to help
teams of young people edit their content and help them with their work.”作者的工作是编辑，应该是首先要阅读
表达年轻人观点的文章，再进行修改指导编辑。故选A项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：投入到他们的世界中，我可以看到自己对团队的写作能力有很大的影响。
A. Trapped困住；B. Hidden隐藏；C. Invested投资，投入；D. Imagined想象。根据上文“Days were lost to
discussing hot topics and ______6______ the words of their strong and opinionated (坚持己见的) voices.”可知，
作者我喜欢这份工作，后面表示对这些年轻人的习作能力有了很大的影响，说明作者应该是全身心地投入
的工作中。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我们网站点击量的增加，并且我们的工作也在随之转变，反映我们的
读者想要什么，我对年轻人可能想要读什么有了更深入的了解。A. hits点击量；B. pages页数；C. profits
利润；D. advertisements广告。下文“the work shifted to reflect what our audiences wanted”说明网站点击量增
多了，故选A项。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：你很难找到自己喜欢的工作，一份你每天都乐意投入的工作。A. leave
behind甩在后面；B. go into参加，开始从事；C. refer to参考，提及，指的是；D. set aside暂时搁置一边。
根据上文“The biggest change the job brought, though was to my well-being”以及下文“I was thriving in this
creative environment”可知，作者找到了一份自己喜爱的工作，每天很投入地去做(go into)。故选B项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在这种创造性的环境下很充实，我帮助这些有才华的年轻人取得事业的
进一步发展，而我也深受鼓舞启发。A. transfer转移，移交；B. rescue救援；C. discipline纪律，惩罚；D.
further使进一步，推进。作者作为编辑帮这些年轻作者修改稿子，提高他们的写作能力，应该是推动了他
们的事业更进一步发展。故选D项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Soil 11 (find) nearly everywhere. And it seems unlikely that we would ever lose all the soil on
Earth. However, 12 we may lose is the deep and rich agricultural soil because of over-farming, a lack of
plant cover off-season and a collection of salt from watering and fertilization (施肥). 13 proper
measures, some experts warn, there could be serious agricultural soil problems before the end of this century.
【答案】11．is found 12．what 13．Without
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了我们所面临的农业土壤问题。
11．考查动词时态、语态。句意：土壤几乎无处不在。空处为谓语，结合句意，描述事实常理，用一般现
在时，主语Soil为不可数名词，与动词find为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is found。
12．考查名词性从句。句意：然而，我们可能失去的是深厚而肥沃的农业土壤，因为过度耕作、淡季缺乏
植物覆盖以及从浇水和施肥中收集的盐。分析句子可知，is前面的为主语从句，从句中缺少lose的宾语，
表示“……的事物”用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填what。
13．考查介词。句意：一些专家警告说，如果不采取适当的措施，本世纪末之前可能会出现严重的农业土
壤问题。根据proper measures可知，空处缺少介词，结合句意，空处表示“没有、缺乏”用without，放在
句首，首字母大写。故填Without。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Li-ion batteries store a lot of energy in a small amount of space. When that energy is released in an
uncontrolled manner, it generates heat, 14 can transform certain internal battery components into burnable
gases. Consumers should purchase batteries that are only listed by a nationally 15 (recognize) testing
laboratory and stop using the device if the battery shows signs of damage, such as an unusual smell, excessive heat,
popping sounds or change in color. Among all the places to charge these devices, 16 (safe) one is outdoors
away from any structure and not in direct sunlight.
【答案】14．which 15．recognized 16．the safest
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲锂电池能量储存多，不当释放有危害，使用充电需注意安全。
14．考查定语从句。句意：当能量以不受控制的方式释放时，它会产生热量，从而将某些内部电池组件转
化为可燃气体。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子，从句缺少主语，故用which。故填which。
15．考查过去分词。句意：消费者应购买仅由国家认可的测试实验室列出的电池，如果电池出现损坏迹
象，例如异常气味、过度发热、爆裂声或颜色变化，则应停止使用该设备。此处修饰testing laboratory，表
示“被认可的”应用过去分词作定语。故填recognized。16．考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有为这些设备充电的地方中，最安全的一个是在户外远离任何建筑物
且不在直射阳光下。此处表示“最安全的”应用最高级the safest。故填the safest。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Are you still discussing and getting your head round Chat GPT, 17 potential will disturb everything
from marketing to education? Well, Sora is about 18 (blow) those debates wide open. OpenAI’s Sora, a
text-to-video AI model capable of generating 19 (remarkable) realistic and imaginative scenes from text
instructions, just entered the chat room. A world where reality bends to the will of words has arrived, 20
(shape)a new era not just for technology but for humanity itself.
【答案】17．whose 18．to blow 19．remarkably 20．shaping
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人工智能OpenAI’s Sora。
17．考查定语从句。句意：你是否还在讨论和理解ChatGPT，它的潜力将会扰乱从市场营销到教育的一
切？先行词为Chat GPT，作定语从句的定语，关系代词为whose。故填whose。
18．考查不定式。句意：好吧， Sora即将把这些争论彻底公开。be about to do sth“即将做某事”。故填to
blow。
19．考查副词。句意：OpenAI的Sora是一种文本到视频的人工智能模型，能够根据文本指令生成非常逼
真和富有想象力的场景，刚刚进入聊天室。副词remarkably修饰形容词作状语。故填remarkably。
20．考查非谓语。句意：一个现实屈从于文字意志的世界已经到来，不仅为技术，也为人类本身塑造了一
个新时代。空处为非谓，表示一种自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填shaping。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Museum Tours
There are many ways to visit SAAM and the Renwick Gallery and they’re all free!
Gallery Tours for All Ages
Group Tours
Group tours are available by request for adult groups of eight or more. Choose from a variety of themes, including
current special exhibitions. Request 3 to 4 weeks in advance.
Walk-in ToursWalk-in tours are sometimes available. Check with the Information Desk when you arrive. If a walk-in tour is
scheduled for that day:
SAAM walk-in tours start at 12:30 to 1:30 p.m. and 2:00 to 3:00 p.m. every day of the week and 4:00 to 5:00 p.m.
Thursday through Sunday.
Renwick walk-in tours start at 12:00 to 1:00 p.m. every day except Sunday. There are no tours on Sundays.
Self-guided Tours
Self-guided tours using your smartphone are available throughout SAAM. Scan the QR codes to bring lots of
information to your fingertips!
Access Programs
Free tours are available online and in our galleries at SAAM or the Renwick Gallery:
–in American Sign Language (ASL);
–for people with low vision;
–for people with mental disorders and their care partners.
There is no minimum group size for Access tours.
School Tours
We welcome learners of all abilities and from all settings. School tours at SAAM and the Renwick Gallery are:
–for kindergarten through college;
–in line with national curriculum standards;
–interactive and interdisciplinary.
School tours last 60 minutes. Want more time in the galleries? Ask about additional activities. Request 4 to 6 weeks
in advance.
Virtual Programs
Online School Tours:
–for 3rd grade through 12th grade;
–in line with national curriculum standards;
–40 to 60 minutes long.
Request 4 to 6 weeks in advance.
Online Adult Tours:
–available by request;
–45 to 60 minutes long;
–focus on a variety of themes, including highlights and special exhibitions;–interactive and conversational.
Request 4 to 6 weeks in advance.
21．If you want to take a walk-in tour, you can visit the SAAM Gallery at ______.
A．12:00 pm on Monday B．4:30 pm on Wednesday
C．1:00 pm on Sunday D．3:30 pm on Tuesday
22．What do we know about the Access Programs?
A．Tours are available in English only.
B．There is a minimum group size of 8 for Access tours.
C．People with mental illness can visit the galleries with their care partners.
D．People with poor sight cannot have access to the free tours in the galleries.
23．From the passage, we can know ______.
A．SAAM and the Renwick Gallery offer paid tours for adult groups
B．school tours are consistent with educational curriculum standards
C．requests for online tours should be made at least 3 weeks in advance
D．visitors can use smartphones to enjoy self-guided tours in Renwick Gallery
【答案】21．C 22．C 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了游览博物馆的几种方式。
21．细节理解题。根据Walk-in Tours部分中“SAAM walk-in tours start at 12:30 to 1:30 p.m. and 2:00 to 3:00
p.m. every day of the week and 4:00 to 5:00 p.m. Thursday through Sunday.(SAAM的参观时间为每天12:30至
下午1:30，2:00至下午3:00，周四至周日4:00至下午5:00)”可知，如果想要未经预约的游览，可以在周日
下午1:00参观SAAM画廊。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据Access Programs部分中“for people with mental disorders and their care partners.(针对
精神障碍患者及其护理伙伴)”可知，对于Access Programs，患有精神疾病的人可以和他们的护理伙伴一起
参观画廊。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据School Tours部分中“in line with national curriculum standards(符合国家课程标准)”
可知，学校参观符合教育课程标准。故选B。
B
If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are
unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players.
By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the
ecosystems, small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National YoungFarmers Coalition (美国青年农会) and a family farmer myself. I have a front-row seat to the innovations among
small farmers that are transforming the industry.
For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young
farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale
farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour — a huge improvement over harvesting just a few
dozen pounds by hand-suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.
Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now,
with the combination of a litter price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.
The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry.
One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers
makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values
doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.
Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent
path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65
outnumbering farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation’s farmland in need of a new
farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation’s food.
There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fairer farm economy, but farmers
can’t clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase
farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a
diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in
Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.
24．The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce .
A．a trend of development in agriculture B．the importance of investing in car industry
C．the progress made in car industry D．a special feature of agriculture
25．What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?
A．Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.
B．Competition between small and big farms is herce.
C．Technology is vital for agricultural development.
D．Loans to small local farmers are necessary.
26．What is the difficulty for those new famers?A．To gain more financial aid. B．To have farms of their own.
C．To hire good farm managers. D．To win old farmers’ support.
27．What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fairer farm economy?
A．Become members of NYFC． B．Seek support beyond NYFC．
C．Expand farmland conservation. D．Invest more to improve technology.
【答案】24．D 25．A 26．B 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小型农户在面对大型农业企业竞争时，如何通过创新和直接
与客户联系等方式保持领先，以及小型农户面临的挑战和解决方案。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars:
Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get
the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the
markets as well as in the ecosystems, small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys.(如果你想扰乱汽车行
业，你最好有几十亿美元：小家庭汽车制造商不太可能击败最大的汽车公司。但是在农业领域，小农民可
以从主要参与者中获得优势。通过与客户直接联系，通过对市场和生态系统的变化做出快速反应，小农民
可以领先大公司一步。) ”可知，在文章开头，作者阐述了汽车领域与农业领域的不同之处，在汽车工业领
域小的汽车制造商不太可能击败最大的汽车公司，而在农业领域，通过直接与客户联系、以及对市场和生
态系统的变化做出快速反应，小农可以比大农户领先一步。由此可知，作者在文章开头用汽车行业与农业
领域作对比，是为了引出对农业的一个特点的介绍。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段“For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a
couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow
Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour — a huge
improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand-suddenly making it possible for the little guys to
compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound
offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a litter price point and a generally fresher product,
they can stay in business.(例如，以“快速切割绿叶蔬菜收割机”为例，这是几年前田纳西州的一位年轻农
民乔纳森·迪辛格在当地“慢钱”组织的一笔小额贷款帮助下开发的工具。它使小规模农民每小时能够收获
175磅绿叶蔬菜——与仅用手收获几十磅相比有了巨大的进步，这突然使得小农户能够与加利福尼亚的大
型农场竞争。在这个工具出现之前，小农户无法达到加利福尼亚农场提供的每磅价格。但现在，由于价格
较低且产品通常更新鲜，他们可以继续经营。)”可推知，新农具使小农场收获绿色蔬菜的效率提高，降低
了收获成本，现在小农场价格与大农场价格接近和小农场产品更新鲜的特点，使得小农场相对于大农场有了一些相对的优势。由此可知，第二段中作者用“快速切割绿叶蔬菜收割机”的例子来说明小农场相对于
大农场可以获得一些优势。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors,
developers, and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers.(一个
关键因素是获得土地的安全。来自投资者、开发商和老牌大农场主的竞争使得许多新农民无法拥有自己的
土地。)”可知，于那些新农民来说，不能拥有自己的农场是他们面临的困难。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase
farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a
diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in
Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.(我们纽约农民联盟(NYFC)需要广泛的支持，因为
我们敦促国会增加农田保护，推动移民改革，并寻求能确保来自各种背景的多样化且雄心勃勃的下一代农
场取得成功的政策。随着一项新的农业法案将在国会进行辩论，消费者必须与年轻农民站在一起。)”可
知，NYFC需要广泛的支持，包括要求国会增加农田保护，推动移民改革，寻求确保不同背景的新农民的
成功的政策等，而且消费者必须与年轻农民站在一起。所以，为了保证更可持续和更公平的农业经济，农
民需要寻求NYFC以外的更多方面的支持。故选B。
C
As a historian who’s always searching for the text or the image that makes us re-evaluate the past, I’ve
become preoccupied with looking for photographs that show our Victorian ancestors smiling—what better way to
break the image of 19th-century prudery (假正经)? I’ve found quite a few, and—since I started posting them on
Twitter —they have been causing quite a stir. People have been surprised to see evidence that Victorians had fun
and could, and did, laugh. They are noting that the Victorians suddenly seem to become more human as the
hundred-or-so years that separate us fade away through our common experience of laughter.
Of course, I need to admit that my collection of’ Smiling Victorians’ makes up only a tiny percentage of the
vast catalogue of photographic portraits created between 1840 and 1900, the majority of which show sitters posing
miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance. How do we explain
this trend?
During the 1840s and 1850s, in the early days of photography, exposure times were unbearably long: the
daguerreotype photographic method (producing an image on a silvered copper plate) could take several minutes to
complete, resulting in blurred images as sitters shifted position or adjusted their uncomfortable positions. The
thought of holding a fixed smile as the camera performed its magical duties was too much to consider, and so blankstare and facia expression became the norm.
But exposure times were much quicker by the 1880s, and the introduction of the Box Brownie and other
portable cameras meant that, though slow by today’s digital standards, the exposure was almost immediately done.
Genuine smiles were relatively easy to capture by the 1890s, so we must look elsewhere for an explanation of why
Victorians still hesitated to smile.
One explanation might be the loss of dignity displayed through a cheese smile. “Nature gave us lips to hide
our teeth,” ran one popular Victorian maxim, given the fact that before the birth of proper dentistry, mouths were
often in a shocking state of uncleanliness. A flashing set of healthy and clean, regular’ pearly whites’ was a rare
sight in Victorian society, the preserve of the super-rich (and even then, dental cleanness was not guaranteed).
A toothy smile (especially when there were gaps or blackened teeth) lacked class: drunks, tramps, and music
hall performers might smile as wide as Lewis Carroll’s gum-exposing Cheshire Cat, but it was not a becoming look
for properly educated persons. Even Mark Twain, a man who enjoyed a heart y laugh, said that when it came to
photographic portraits there could be “nothing more damning than a silly, foolish smile fixed forever”.
28．According to Paragraph 1, the author’s posts on Twitter ________.
A．changed people’s impression of the Victorians.
B．highlighted social media’s role in Victorian studies.
C．re- evaluated the Victorian’s belief of public image.
D．illustrated the development of Victorian photography.
29．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The author’s collections mirror 19-century social conventions.
B．The author’s collections show effects of different exposure times.
C．The inherent social sensitiveness kept Victorians from smiling for pictures.
D．Victorians’ unhealthy dental conditions kept them from smiling for pictures.
30．Which would be the best title for this passage?
A．Why did the Victorians start to view photographs?
B．Why did most Victorians look serious in photographs?
C．What made photography develop in the Victorian period?
D．How did smiling in photographs become a post-Victorian norm?
【答案】28．A 29．D 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从作者发布在推特上的维多利亚时期的人微笑的照片入手，介绍了维多
利亚时期的人拍照的时候很少笑的原因——牙口不好。28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“I’ve found quite a few, and—since I started posting them on Twitter —they
have been causing quite a stir. People have been surprised to see evidence that Victorians had fun and could, and
did, laugh.”（我找到了不少，而且——自从我开始在推特上发布它们以来——它们引起了相当大的轰动。
人们惊讶地发现，有证据表明，维多利亚时代的人喜欢笑，能够笑，也确实笑过。）可知，作者发的推特
改变了现代人们对于维多利亚时期人们的印象。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“A flashing set of healthy and clean, regular’ pearly whites’ was a rare
sight in Victorian society, the preserve of the super-rich (and even then, dental cleanness was not guaranteed).”（在
维多利亚时代，一套健康、干净、普通的“珍珠白”是非常罕见的，只有超级富豪才能拥有(即使在那个时
代，牙齿卫生也得不到保证)）可知，维多利亚不健康的牙齿状况可能会让他们在照片中不再微笑，故选
D。
30．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Of course, I need to admit that my collection of’ Smiling Victorians’ makes up
only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraits created between 1840 and 1900, the majority
of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle
distance. How do we explain this trend?”（当然，我必须承认，我收藏的“微笑的维多利亚人”在1840年至
1900年间创作的大量肖像摄影作品中只占很小的比例，其中大多数都是模特在彩色背景前悲惨而僵硬地摆
着姿势，或者心不在焉地盯着中间的距离。我们如何解释这种趋势?）以及下文探索了原因可知，文章主
要解释了为什么大多数维多利亚时代的人在照片中看起来严肃。所以短文的标题为“为什么大多数维多利
亚时代的人在照片中看起来都很严肃?”。故选B。
D
You’ve probably heard someone lament (惋惜) the state of “kids today” that current generations aren’t as:
smart as the ones that came before them. However, psychologists who study intelligence have found that there isn’t
much support for this idea; instead, the opposite may actually be true.
The Flynn effect, first described in the 1980s by researcher James Flynn, refers to the finding that scores on
IQ tests have increased in the past century. Researchers studying this effect have found wide support for this
phenomenon. One research paper, published by psychologist Lisa Trahan and her colleagues, combined the results
of other published studies (which included a total of over 14, 000 participants) and found that IQ scores have
indeed increased since the 1950s, although researchers have documented some exceptions.
Researchers have put forward several theories to explain the Flynn effect. One explanation has to do with
improvements in health and nutrition. For example, the past century has seen a decrease in smoking,
discontinuation of the use of harmful lead paint, improvements in the prevention and treatment of infectiousdiseases, and improvements in nutrition. As Scott Barry Kaufman writes for Psychology Today. “The Flynn effect
serves as a reminder that when we give people more opportunities to prosper, more people do prosper. ”
Another explanation for the Flynn effect has to do with societal changes that have occurred in the past
century as a result of the Industrial Revolution. According to Flynn, the world today is “a world where we’ve had to
develop new mental habits.” Flynn has found that IQ scores have increased the most rapidly on questions that ask
us to find similarities between different things and more abstract types of problem- solving- both of which are
things that we need to do more of in the modern world.
The Flynn effect tells us that the human mind is much more adaptable than we might have thought. It seems
that some of our thinking patterns aren’t necessarily innate, but rather things that we learn from our environment.
When exposed to modern industrial society, we think about the world in different ways that our ancestors did. In
other words, instead of being a measure of natural, unlearned intelligence, IQ may be something that can be shaped
by the education we receive and the society we live in.
31．How did Trahan and her colleagues’ research support the Flynn effect?
A．By explaining the cause and effect. B．By surveying over 14, 000 participants.
C．By making documents of the exceptions.D．By relating to the results of other studies.
32．Which of the following reasons for increasing IQ scores is WRONG?
A．Many of the public health issues are being addressed.
B．We do more abstract types of problem- solving nowadays.
C．People attach more importance to intellectual development.
D．The Industrial Revolution changed people’s habits of mind.
33．What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “innate” in paragraph 5?
A．Hard to explain. B．Exactly the same. C．Naturally born. D．Likely to change.
34．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．Scores on IQ tests have improved over time.
B．Modem society gives people more opportunities.
C．Studying the Flynn effect is helpful for education.
D．People have wrong opinions about current generations.
【答案】31．D 32．C 33．C 34．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过介绍弗林效应证明智商测试分数在过去一个世纪有所提高。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段“One research paper, published by psychologist Lisa Trahan and her colleagues,
combined the results of other published studies (which included a total of over 14, 000 participants) and found thatIQ scores have indeed increased since the 1950s, although researchers have documented some exceptions. (心理学
家Lisa Trahan和她的同事发表的一篇研究论文结合了其他已发表研究的结果（共包括14000多名参与
者），发现自20世纪50年代以来，智商得分确实有所提高，尽管研究人员记录了一些例外情况)”可知，
Lisa Trahan和她的同事通过与其他研究的结果相联系，以此支持弗林效应。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers have put forward several theories to explain the Flynn effect. One
explanation has to do with improvements in health and nutrition. For example, the past century has seen a decrease
in smoking, discontinuation of the use of harmful lead paint, improvements in the prevention and treatment of
infectious diseases, and improvements in nutrition. (研究人员提出了几种理论来解释弗林效应。一种解释与健
康和营养的改善有关。例如，在过去的一个世纪里，吸烟人数减少，有害含铅油漆的使用停止，传染病的
预防和治疗得到改善，营养得到改善。)”、第四段“Another explanation for the Flynn effect has to do with
societal changes that have occurred in the past century as a result of the Industrial Revolution. According to Flynn,
the world today is “a world where we’ve had to develop new mental habits.” (弗林效应的另一种解释与上个世纪
工业革命带来的社会变革有关。根据弗林的说法，当今世界是“一个我们不得不培养新思维习惯的世
界”。根据弗林的说法，当今世界是“一个我们不得不培养新思维习惯的世界”)”以及第五段“When
exposed to modern industrial society, we think about the world in different ways that our ancestors did. In other
words, instead of being a measure of natural, unlearned intelligence, IQ may be something that can be shaped by
the education we receive and the society we live in. (当我们接触到现代工业社会时，我们以与祖先不同的方式
思考世界。换句话说，智商可能不是衡量自然、未经学习的智力的指标，而是我们所接受的教育和所生活
的社会所塑造的。)”可知，文章提及的可能解释智商分数的因素，包括许多公共卫生问题正在得到解决、
如今我们采用更为抽象的问题解决方式、以及工业革命改变了人们的思维习惯，但文章并未提及人们更加
重视智力发展。故选C。
33．词句猜测题。根据第五段“The Flynn effect tells us that the human mind is much more adaptable than we
might have thought. It seems that some of our thinking patterns aren’t necessarily innate, but rather things that we
learn from our environment. (弗林效应告诉我们，人类的思想比我们想象的更具适应性。似乎我们的一些思
维模式不一定是innate，而是我们从环境中学到的东西。)”可知，我们的一些思维模式是我们从环境中学到
的东西，由此可知，这不一定是天生的，推测划线单词表示“天生的”，与Naturally born意义相近。故选
C。
34．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The Flynn effect, first described in the 1980s by researcher James Flynn, refers
to the finding that scores on IQ tests have increased in the past century. Researchers studying this effect have foundwide support for this phenomenon. (弗林效应最早由研究人员詹姆斯·弗林在20世纪80年代描述，指的是智
商测试得分在过去一个世纪有所提高的发现。研究这一效应的研究人员发现，这一现象得到了广泛支
持。)”以及文章提及的可能解释智商测试分数提升现象的因素可知，文章通过介绍弗林效应证明智商测试
分数在过去一个世纪有所提高，即随着时间的推移，智商测试的分数有所提高。故选A。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Protect Against Undue Influence Online
The potential for undue influence has become increasingly significant in this era of digital interconnectivity.
Undue influence can affect our perceptions and influence our decisions. It may even end anger our autonomy (自
主) and mental health. 35
Understand what undue influence is
The first step to protecting yourself is understanding what undue influence is. Undue influence refers to a
situation in which an individual or group employs unreasonable control over another person’s behavior information,
thoughts, and emotions. 36 Disinformation campaigns, persuasive advertising, and even content designed
to cause fear, uncertainty, or dependency may often appear online.
Develop media literacy skills
In an age of fake news, it is crucial to develop media literacy skills. 37 Become a consumer who
can tell the quality of information, identify the source, check for credibility, and look for your unconscious
assumptions and preferences.
38
Delete as much data as you can about yourself. Be mindful of what information you share online, and always
ensure that your online activities are secured through reliable sources. Review all policies on platforms, especially
“free” ones. If you aren’t paying, then you are the product, as in many cases, they are selling your data.
By including these steps into your digital life, you can protect yourself from undue influence in the online
world, ensuring that you can think and act independently, free from ill control.
39 It is your mind. Only you should control it!
A．Prioritize privacy
B．Be mindful of free ones
C．It’s vital to have a health y Internet and real-life balance.
D．In the digital world, undue influence can take many forms.E．Everyone deserves the right to live free from undue influence.
F．They involve analyzing, evaluating, and creating media in various forms.
G．Here are some essential strategies for you to protect yourself online from undue influence.
【答案】35．G 36．D 37．F 38．A 39．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了通过提高媒体素养、注意隐私保护、审慎对待免费服务等措
施，人们可以在网络空间中更好地保护自己，确保能够独立思考和行动，远离不当控制。
35．根据上文的“The potential for undue influence has become increasingly significant in this era of digital
interconnectivity. Undue influence can affect our perceptions and influence our decisions. It may even end anger
our autonomy and mental health. (在这个数字互联互通的时代，不正当影响的可能性变得越来越大。不适当
的影响会影响我们的认知，影响我们的决定。它甚至可能结束我们的自主权和心理健康)”可知，G项Here
are some essential strategies for you to protect yourself online from undue influence.(这里有一些重要的策略，可
以让你在网上免受不正当的影响)承接上文，作为过渡句，引出后文的策略，故选G项。
36．根据上文的“The first step to protecting yourself is understanding what undue influence is. Undue influence
refers to a situation in which an individual or group employs unreasonable control over another person’s behavior
information, thoughts, and emotions. (保护自己的第一步是了解什么是不当影响。不当影响指的是个人或团体
对他人的行为、信息、思想和情绪采取不合理控制的情况)”和下文的“Disinformation campaigns, persuasive
advertising, and even content designed to cause fear, uncertainty, or dependency may often appear online.(虚假信
息运动，有说服力的广告，甚至旨在引起恐惧，不确定性或依赖的内容可能经常出现在网上)”可知，D项
In the digital world, undue influence can take many forms.(在数字世界中，不当影响可以有多种形式)承接上
文，在不当影响的定义之后又继续指出它存在多种形式，下文举例说明了不当影响都有哪些具体的表现，
故选D项。
37．根据上文的“In an age of fake news, it is crucial to develop media literacy skills. (在假新闻泛滥的时代，
培养媒体素养至关重要)”和下文的“Become a consumer who can tell the quality of information, identify the
source, check for credibility, and look for your unconscious assumptions and preferences.(成为一个消费者，能够
判断信息的质量，识别来源，检查可信度，并寻找你无意识的假设和偏好)”可知，F项They involve
analyzing, evaluating, and creating media in various forms.(它们包括分析、评价和创造各种形式的媒体)承接上
文，指出了媒体素养所包含的内容，下文指出了成为一名具有媒体素养的消费者应该做到的事情，故选F
项。
38．根据本段的“Delete as much data as you can about yourself. Be mindful of what information you share
online, and always ensure that your online activities are secured through reliable sources. Review all policies onplatforms, especially “free” ones. If you aren’t paying, then you are the product, as in many cases, they are selling
your data.(删除尽可能多的关于你自己的数据。注意你在网上分享的信息，并始终确保你的在线活动通过可
靠的来源得到保护。查看平台上的所有政策，尤其是“免费”平台。如果你不付钱，那么你就是产品，因
为在很多情况下，他们在出售你的数据)”可知，本段主要讲述的是上网时的安全问题，因此A项Prioritize
privacy(优先考虑隐私)能够概括本段大意，可以作为段落小标题，故选A项。
39．根据下文的“It is your mind. Only you should control it!(这是你的思想。只有你能控制它！)”可知，E项
Everyone deserves the right to live free from undue influence.(每个人都应该享有不受不当影响的生活权利)指
出人们在网络上要摆脱不当影响，而这取决于你的判断能力和媒体素养，因此该项与下文连接通顺，故选
E项。
第三部分书面表达（共两节,32分）
第一节阅读表达（共4小题,共12分;第40、41小题,每小题2分;第42题,3分;第43题,5分）
Reading is one of the most critical activities anyone can engage in for his or her success in life. It is essential
for both children and adults because it exposes an individual to new things and equips them to become effective
problem solvers.Sometimes, reading ends being a hobby to many people, or even a career. It is from reading that
exploration arises.
Reading forms a fundamental part of self-improvement. Through it, people become better in understanding the
world around them. It is through this vital activity that people gain a deep understanding of specific topics that are
of interest to them. For instance, one can read an article or any other piece of writing on how to improve one’s self-
confidence. It is thus through reading that it becomes possible for one to create a structured path towards better
understanding of issues and well-informed decision making.
Further, reading is crucial as it helps one to prepare to take action. Usually, before taking an action on
anything, one seeks guidance and help. Guidance can be obtained from people who have gone through similar
situations. However, some people turn to reading as a source of knowledge and guidance about a situation. In the
21st century,guidance and help goes a long way in influencing decision making. For example, one can read on how
to cook a meal, how to play football, or even the best places to go for a vacation. In such situations, reading helps
people prepare before they take any significant steps.
It is also through reading that one may gain experience from other people. Since books and other reading
materials are written by different people from varying backgrounds, reading exposes a reader to different
experiences. Through such experiences, a reader may hasten their success towards a goal since they might avoid
similar mistakes made by other people. Books contain successes, failures, and advice from different people and it isassumed that life is too short to repeat mistakes committed by other people in the past. In the case of success, one
might read on the best ways to make money and avoid certain mistakes along this path. Learning about and getting
to understand people who have succeeded is essential for someone who intends to follow the same path.
40．According to the author, why is reading essential for both children and adults?
41．How does reading help people to prepare before taking an action?
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
▷ Through reading, people may learn about different stories and experiences, so they may repeat the mistakes
made by other people in the past.
43．Please present the benefits that reading has brought to you and give examples.(In about 40 words)
【答案】40．Because reading/it exposes an individual to new things and equips them to become effective
problem solvers. 41．People may get guidance and help through reading books/from books before they take
action/take any steps.
People may turn to reading as a source of knowledge and guidance about a situation before taking action. 42．
Through reading, people may learn about different stories and experiences, so they may repeat the mistakes made
by other people in the past.
According to the passage, people may read different stories and gain different experience through reading and it
helps people to avoid(repeating) the mistakes made by other people in the past.
43．言之有理即可。
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阅读的重要性。
40．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“It is essential for both children and adults because it exposes an
individual to new things and equips them to become effective problem solvers.(它对儿童和成人都是必不可少
的，因为它使个人接触新事物，并使他们成为有效的问题解决者。)”可知，阅读对于成人和儿童来说是必
不可少的，因为阅读/它使个人接触新事物，装备他们成为有效的问题解决者。故答案为：Because
reading/it exposes an individual to new things and equips them to become effective problem solvers.
41．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Further, reading is crucial as it helps one to prepare to take action.Usually, before taking an action on anything, one seeks guidance and help. Guidance can be obtained from people
who have gone through similar situations. However, some people turn to reading as a source of knowledge and
guidance about a situation.(此外，阅读是至关重要的，因为它可以帮助一个人准备采取行动。通常，在采取
行动之前，人们会寻求指导和帮助。可以从经历过类似情况的人那里获得指导。然而，有些人把阅读作为
一种知识和指导的来源。)”可知，在采取行动之前，人们可以通过读书获得指导和帮助。在采取行动之
前，人们可能会把阅读作为知识和指导的来源。故答案为：People may get guidance and help through reading
books/from books before they take action/take any steps. People may turn to reading as a source of knowledge and
guidance about a situation before taking action.
42．考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段“It is also through reading that one may gain experience from other
people. Since books and other reading materials are written by different people from varying backgrounds, reading
exposes a reader to different experiences. Through such experiences, a reader may hasten their success towards a
goal since they might avoid similar mistakes made by other people.(也正是通过阅读，一个人可以从别人那里获
得经验。由于书籍和其他阅读材料是由来自不同背景的不同人写的，阅读使读者获得不同的经历。通过这
样的经历，读者可能会加速他们的成功，因为他们可能会避免别人犯类似的错误。)”可知，根据文章，人
们可以阅读不同的故事，通过阅读获得不同的经验，这有助于人们避免过去别人犯过的错误。由此可知，
repeat应该改为avoid。故答案为：Through reading, people may learn about different stories and experiences, so
they may repeat the mistakes made by other people in the past. According to the passage, people may read
different stories and gain different experience through reading and it helps people to avoid(repeating) the mistakes
made by other people in the past.
43．考查开放性试题。题目要求：请给出阅读给你带来的好处，并举例说明。故答案为Reading gives me
an insight into different aspects which are not limited by anyone else but me. That is to say, I can obtain almost any
information from books if I want. For example, I can learn how to cook a meal for my mother’s birthday.（言之有
理即可）。
第二节（共20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国笔友Jim是校报主编，他们计划出一期奥运专刊。得知中国奥
运代表团在巴黎奥运会上大放异彩，他们想在Athletic lcons栏目中包含中国健儿的奥运故事。他发来邮件
询问你的建议，请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1.建议介绍的中国运动员或团队；
2.就以上建议简要说明理由。
Dear Jim,____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
I’m excited to help with your Olympic special issue, especially for the “Athletic Icons” part. I think it’s great
to include the Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team. They work together so well and never give up, showing what
team spirit and hard work can achieve. Also, Panzhanle, a fantastic swimmer, should be mentioned. He’s won lots
of gold medals and set world records, showing how dedication pays off. And then there’s Xie Yu, a talented young
shooter who’s really precise. These athletes show different sides of Chinese sports, and their stories are truly
inspiring.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。外国笔友Jim是校报主编，他想在Athletic lcons栏目中包含中国健儿
的奥运故事。要求考生给他回信，向他介绍巴黎奥运会上中国运动员或团队。
【详解】1.词汇积累
激动的：excited → thrilled
尤其：especially → particularly
有天资的：talented → gifted
准确的：precise → accurate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：These athletes show different sides of Chinese sports, and their stories are truly inspiring.
拓展句：These athletes, whose stories are truly inspiring, show different sides of Chinese sports.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I think it’s great to include the Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team. (运用了省略连词that
的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] They work together so well and never give up, showing what team spirit and hard work can achieve.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语和连接代词what引导的宾语从句)
