第01 讲 高考阅读理解高频词汇
目录
01 课标达标练
题型01 词义猜测基础练
题型02 词义选择进阶练
题型03 同义替换拔高练
02 核心突破练
03 真题溯源练
考向01 词义猜测基础练
根据语境写出单词的的汉语意思
（一）写出句中recognise 的含义
1．We hadn’t seen each other for thirty years, but I recognised her right away.
2．Komodo National Park, officially recognised in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique
biodiversity.
（二）写出下列句子中make up 的含义
3．—How do you think I can make up with Tom?
—Put aside where you disagree and find what you have in common.
4．Body language is a very important part of communication which can make up 50% or more of what we are
communicating to other persons.
5．Lenard was surprised to know that his sister should have spent two hours making up before a party.
6．They have to make up for the time wasted this afternoon by working late tonight.
7．Don’t believe him. He always makes up some excuses for doing something wrong.
（三）判断下列句子中pick up 的含义
8．Instead of walking a few blocks(街区)to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus.
9．Thanks to the immediate measures taken by the central government, the economy of China picked up soon after
the global financial crisis.
10．It's surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly—he hasn't lived there very long.
11．He picked up a wallet on the way to pick up his daughter.
（四）写出句中acquire 的含义
12．She has acquired a good knowledge of English.
13．She has acquired some very unpleasant habits recently.
14．Manning hoped to acquire valuable works of art as cheaply as possible.
（五）写出句中sponsor 的含义
15．Sponsored by the National Department of Education,the project attracts many students.
16．The US is sponsoring negotiations between the two sides.
17．She found a company to sponsor her through college.
18．The bill was sponsored by a famous lawyer.
（六）写出下列句中dismiss 的含义
19．Two more witnesses were called,heard,and dismissed.
20．Let’s not just dismiss the idea before we’ve even thought about it.
21．They have the power to dismiss civil servants who refuse to work.
22．Mr Smith was disappointed to hear that his case was dismissed.
（七）写出present 的含义
23．The present situation of novel coronavirus outbreak is still severe.
24．Present your ideas to the rest of the class.
25．The people present at the party were presented with a book as a present. ； ；
（八）判断下列句子中admit 的含义
26．I don’t really like the author, although I have to admit his books are very exciting.
27．One should work very hard if he wants to be admitted into a good university.
（九）写出句中critical 的含义
28．The President faced a critical situation that year.
29．It is likely to be a critical turning point in one's life.
30．You must make a critical examination of your bad behavior.
（十）写出crash 在句中的中文意思。
31．Hundreds of hospital records were wiped out when the network crashed.
32．Lightning flashed in the sky, and there was a loud crash of thunder.
33．David admitted that his car crashed into his neighbor’s garden.
34．The woman hurt in the car crash is till under treatment in hospital.
（十一）写出launch 在句子中的中文意思。
35．In 1970, China successfully launched a man-made satellite.
36．A range of green campaigns have been launched globally in response to the gravity(严重性) of the climate
crisis.
37．There is a growing need for smart phones and many companies are trying to launch new models.
38．The lifeboat was launched immediately to rescue the four men.
（十二）写出单词hit 在各句中的中文意思。
39．The tanks exploded as the plane hit the ground.
40．The region's economy will take a hit if the airbase is closed.
41．It hit me that this was a lesson I could draw from. I learned something about myself in that moment.
42．The bomb failed to hit its target.
43．When I first heard the song I knew it would be a hit.
（十三）判断下列句子中promote 的含义
44．While the original purpose of the World Post Day was to promote the postal service worldwide, now its
significance is more about postal culture.
45．While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted, Henry did his best to perform his duty.
46．Many online shops will give customers a great discount (折扣) to promote their goods.
（十四）判断下列句子中 figure 的含义
47．She's always had a good figure.
48．Last night he saw two dark figures enter the building, and then there was the explosion.
49．It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country haven't got a job.
50．He has become a figure known to everyone.
51．I figured that if I took the night train, could be in Yunnan by morning.
考向02 词义选择进阶练
根据语境选择合适的选项
1．Hypotheses are widely ________ about the cause of the deadly Jeju Air plane crash that killed 179 people on
board after reporting a bird strike, but no significant consensus (共识) has yet been reached.
A．varied
B．restored
C．renewed
D．rushed
2．The luxury clothing brand reportedly attributed its decline in earnings to a shift towards “affordable ” among
Chinese consumers on top of other external factors.
A．variations
B．offerings
C．alternatives
D．replicas
3．Chinese cartoons become more popular and we ________ to see more in the future.
A．express
B．explain
C．enjoy
D．expect
4．The old man ________ described his childhood adventures, making us feel like we were right there with him.
A．violently
B．virtually
C．significantly
D．vividly
5．His first ________ to climb the mountain failed, but he decided to try again.
A．effect
B．attempt
C．intention
D．experiment
6．We visited an art ________ at the museum last weekend.
A．extension
B．performance
C．exhibition
D．concert
7．The journalist gave a detailed ________ of the event in her report.
A．account
B．announcement
C．opinion
D．proof
8．My uncle is very ________; he always donates money to charity.
A．selfish
B．generous
C．humorous
D．serious
9．My little sister wants to remain ________ and she can take good care of herself even though she’s still young.
A．creative
B．responsible
C．independent
D．patient
10．After careful consideration, she decided to refuse the offer to join the project, citing the ________ as a result
of conflicting commitments at the current time.
A．declination
B．dedication
C．decision
D．caution
11．They did everything they could to make me feel ________ home.
A．on
B．in
C．at
D．for
12．The ability to ________ to new environments and situations is a key aspect of successful________ in the
natural world.
A．adapt; adaptation
B．adopt; adoption
C．adapting, adoption
D．adopting, adaptation
13．She was praised for her________calculation, which demonstrated her commitment to precision in her work.
A．accurate
B．disabled
C．previous
D．sympathetic
14．She made a mistake and offered a heartfelt ________ to mend the relationship.
A．alternative
B．ancestor
C．apology
D．symbol
15．He had to________the responsibility when the team failed to achieve their goals, and the weight of that failure
was a heavy burden on him.
A．motivate
B．overcome
C．delay
D．shoulder
16．The committee discussed the mixed views on environmental policy, highlighting the________between
industrial development and conservation efforts.
A．concept
B．anxiety
C．concert
D．conflict
17．The ________ refer to those who lived in ancient times, especially the Egyptians, Greeks and Romans.
A．ancient
B．incident
C．coincident
D．modern
18．Without the parents’ ________, she was not allowed to join the team.
A．selection
B．permission
C．devotion
D．objection
19．I prefer to keep my private life private, discussing personal issues privately with trusted friends to ensure my
________ is respected.
A．function
B．fellow
C．privacy
D．attempt
20．In the vast desert, he felt as if he had been________by the world, left alone with his thoughts and fears.
A．exchanged
B．deserted
C．imagined
D．spotted
21．The teacher________ the students for their exceptional performance in the science fair.
A．communicated
B．praised
C．frightened
D．replaced
22．The new park has been designed to be________ to everyone, providing easy access for people of all abilities.
A．accessible
B．potential
C．greedy
D．distant
23．The CEO held a meeting regarding the recent layoff to cut down expenses in company policy, which made
many employees feel ________ about their future.
A．satisfied
B．determined
C．concerned
D．visible
24．The sudden loss of a loved one deeply ________ the entire family, who struggled to support each other
through the difficult time.
A．weighed
B．operated
C．affected
D．forced
25．The manager________ your proposal over the others due to its creativity.
A．favors
B．charges
C．warns
D．compares
26．The singer’s latest album’s success has contributed significantly to her rising ________
A．popularity
B．promise
C．condition
D．subject
27．Completing this project ________ strict adherence to all safety rules and all team members should undergo the
necessary training.
A．suffers
B．prevents
C．connects
D．requires
28．He took her advice into consideration, for she was always ________and helpful.
A．unexpected
B．acceptable
C．valuable
D．considerate
29．Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ______ a two-year professional school to quickly find
a job building highways in order to help support his family.
A．visited
B．financed
C．attended
D．founded
30．With their unique identity and spirit continues to exist in every corner of the country, ________ communities
in Australia have long been guardians of the land.
A．historic
B．diverse
C．virtual
D．aboriginal
考向03 同义替换拔高练
Group 1
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
A．unusual or surprising in a way that cause people to take notice
B．the act of accepting that sth exists, is true or is official
C． Afraid, feeling fear
D．worriedly or nervously
E. difficult to understand
F. an act of trying to do sth., especially sth. difficult, often with no success
G. extremely bad or serious
H. knowing sth., knowing that sth. exists and is important
I. A strong feeling of love, hatred, anger, enthusiasm, etc.
J. to say or do sth. that makes sb. stop what they are saying or doing
K to think about sb. /sth. in a particular way
L. hopefully and joyfully
1．I am frightened of walking home alone in the dark.
2．He didn’t pass the exam at his first attempt, but it was a good attempt.
3．She tried to explain what had happened but her son kept interrupting her.
4．Residents are anxiously waiting for a decision.
5．It is important that students develop the awareness of how much their phones should be used.
6．This is not only an honour for herself, but also recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China.
7．Not only is he known as a superhero in the film, but he is also regarded as a superman to many in real life.
8．Tu Youyou and her team have made a remarkable contribution to mankind.
9．Simple movements in Beijing Opera often represent more complex actions.
10．His injuries were so severe that he had no movement or feeling in his body at all.
Group 2
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A．having a strong desire to know about something.
B．a collection of things, for example works of art, that are shown to the public.
C． to give a answer to somebody/something.
D．a film or a radio or television programme giving facts about something.
E. able to speak, read or write a language, especially a foreign language, easily and well.
F. to say or do something that makes somebody stop what they are saying or doing.
G. the possibility of something happening or being developed or used.
H. famous and respected.
I. to make a person or an animal healthy again after an illness.
J. a short statement that gives only the main points of something, not the details.
K. to continue to live or exist.
L. very happy; causing people to be happy.
11．Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.
12．We asked for advice from the renowned legal expert, Sam Pincher.
13．The gallery is hosting an exhibition of his work.
14．“Just listen for a moment,” he interrupted her angrily.
15．They gave a summary of their progress in building the bridge.
16．They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs.
17．The disease has the potential to cause a global health emergency.
18．Now doctors believe they have cured him of the disease.
19．She had made their childhood so joyous and carefree.
20．When asked about the company’s future, the director responded that he remained optimistic.
Group 3
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A．not involving anything or anyone else
B．happening in a slow way over a long period of time
C． to officially accept a plan, proposal etc
D．to hit a surface and then immediately move away from it
E. to think that someone or something is good, right, or suitable
F. to completely understand a fact or an idea, especially a complicated one
G. a film or television programme that is based on a book or play
H. influenced by or based on personal beliefs or feelings, rather than based on facts
I. correct or suitable for a particular situation or occasion
J. the ability to understand completely and be aware of a situation, facts, etc
K. the possibility that something good might happen in the future
L. to speak or say something very quietly, using your breath rather than your voice
21．Only I soon found out why my weapon had not entered its skin, but bounced off.
22．When the director was 35, he chose to work abroad to improve his career prospects.
23．Because money was lacking for the project, the committee did not approve of it.
24．All can work well, but why do many adaptations and indeed remakes fail with both cinema audiences and
critics?
25．You should be objective when writing things like summaries or news articles, but feel free to be subjective
for arguments and opinions.
26．It becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate for the screen and what to leave out.
27．Some people find it is difficult to grasp the idea.
28．How she manages to fit so much into a working day is beyond my comprehension.
29．The whispering furniture is as frightening as anything in modern times.
30．Too often we make decisions based solely upon what we see in the magazines.
题型一 阅读理解
A
Throughout all the events in my life, one in particular sticks out more than the others. As I reflect on this
significant event, a smile spreads across my face. As I think of Shanda, I feel loved and grateful.
It was my twelfth year of dancing and I thought it would end up like any other year: stuck in emptiness,
forgotten and without the belief of any teacher or friend that I really had the potential to achieve greatness.
However, I met Shanda, a young, talented choreographer (舞蹈指导). She influenced me to work to the best
of my ability, pushed me to keep going when I wanted to give up, encouraged me and showed me the real
importance of dancing. Throughout our hard work, not only did my ability to dance grow, but my friendship with
Shanda grew as well.
With the end of the year came our show time. As I walked to a backstage filled with other dancers, I hoped
for a good performance that would prove my improvement. I waited anxiously for my turn. Finally, after what
seemed like days, the loudspeaker announced my name. Butterflies filled my stomach as I took trembling steps
onto the big lighted stage. But, with the determination to succeed and eagerness to live up to Shanda’s expectations
for me, I began to dance. All my troubles and nerves went away as I danced my whole heart out.
As I walked up to the judge to receive my first place shining, gold trophy (奖杯), I realized that dance is not
about becoming the best. It was about loving dance for dance itself, a getaway from all my problems in the world.
Shanda showed me that you could let everything go and just dance what you feel at that moment. After all the
doubts that people had in me, I believed in myself and did not care what others thought. Thanks to Shanda, dance
became more than a love of mine, but a passion.
1．What did the author think her dancing would be for the twelfth year?
A．A change for the better.
B．A disappointment as before.
C．A proof of her potential.
D．A pride of her teachers and friends.
2．How did Shanda help the author?
A．By offering her help with money.
B．By entering her in a competition.
C．By awakening her passion for dancing.
D．By coaching her for longer hours.
3．How did the author feel when she stepped on the stage?
A．Nervous.
B．Relaxed.
C．Confused.
D．Proud.
4．What can we learn from the author’s story?
A．Success lies in patience.
B．Fame is what the young long for.
C．A good teacher really matters.
D．A youth is to be treated with respect.
B
The New Year is a time for celebration for almost everyone of the world. In Britain, people go to pubs and
nightclubs to dance the old year away, and to welcome in the new one at midnight.
In recent years, street parties have become more popular. Thousands of people gather in squares, main streets
or on the river banks to listen to bands playing and to see fireworks displays.
For people who stay at home, most are attracted by the special, live New Year shows on TV. They are
waiting for the countdown, along with the presenters, from 10 to 1 as the last second of the old year away and the
bells of the New Year are rung.
In Scotland, people visit their neighbors and drink, dance on New Year’s Eve. If you’re invited to a Scottish
home that night, it’s important to know what to bring with you: a lump of coal，some shortbread and some whisky.
The coal shows warmth, so you’re wishing the people you visit will have enough heat in the coming year.
The shortbread represents food, so you’re hoping that the people will have enough to eat in the new year. Some
Scots call whisky “the water of life”, so when you hand over your bottle to your hosts, it means you want them to
have enough to drink over the next 12 months.
And there’s one more key task you still have to perform if you can. The first person to knock on a neighbor’s
door is supposed to be a tall, dark, and handsome man who will bring good luck to the household.But what if that’s
not you? Well, don’t ring the bell just yet. Wait a while and the right person is sure to turn up soon!
5．What is the best title for this passage?
A．Seeing the old year off in Britain.
B．Celebrations of a British New Year.
C．Visiting Scottish homes on New Year’s Eve.
D．Sending good luck in the New Year.
6．Why do visitors take things to a Scottish home on New Year’s Eve?
A．To share good food and warmth.
B．To help those poor families.
C．To send best wishes to the families.
D．To show richness and generosity.
7．The phrase “the right person” in the last sentence refers to “ ________ ”.
A．the presenter of a special TV show.
B．a tall, dark and handsome man.
C．a man with coal, shortbread and whisky.
D．your neighbor.
8．We know from the passage that ________ .
A．British people hate to think of the old year and wish to dance it away quickly.
B．street concerts have become more popular on New Year’s Eve.
C．British people let off fireworks in public places to celebrate the New Year.
D．people stay at home doing nothing but wait for the bell of the New Year to ring.
题型二 七选五
Three Cups Of Coffee A Day Could Benefit Your Heart
There is nothing quite like that first drink of morning coffee, nor the relief of a short afternoon coffee break in
the middle of a work day. Now, a new study shows that not only is a coffee (or tea) habit a pleasant part of a day’s
routine, it may also help avoid cardiometabolic diseases (心血管代谢疾病).
Three cups a day
There has long been evidence that drinking about three cups of coffee a day could be good for your health.
9
Now, the 2024 study suggests that drinking three cups of coffee a day could lower the development of
cardiometabolic multimorbidity (多重病症). 10 . It includes type 2 diabetes, stroke, or heart disease.
The researchers followed 180,000 British people in the UK Biobank. 11 At the start of the study, none
of the subjects had a cardiometabolic disease. The study showed that people who consumed middling amounts of
caffeine: three cups of coffee a day, or 200 to 300 milligrams a day, had reduced risks of developing new onset
cardiometabolic multimorbidity.
Promising results
However, despite the promising results of this study, one should still be cautious. There are still questions
about the connection between coffee and heart health. The benefits of coffee still have to be explored.
“ 12 And the positive relations are all explained by some unknown factor. For example, perhaps
those more likely to consume coffee also tend to have a healthier diet or to be more physically active,” said Dr
Gregory Marcus, professor of medicine at UC, San Francisco.
Whatever the case, it appears that caffeine can be good for your health. 13 This habit may keep
you healthier.
A．One of its tasks is tracking people’s long-term health.
B．Here are the benefits of drinking three cups of coffee a day.
C．So coffee drinkers can cheer and enjoy their favorite drinks.
D．It is when a person develops several cardiometabolic diseases.
E．Drinking that much coffee could reduce the risk of heart attack.
F．It remains possible that the protective effects do not truly exist at all.
G．People who didn’t drink coffee at all had a reduced risk of 48. 1 percent.
（2025 年新高考I 卷阅读理解C 篇）C
When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the
opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad
sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion
in the houseplant industry.
“Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida.
“People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. “Adding more nature
to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways
but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body.
“Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without
plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there
was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”
If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding
yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and
lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an
exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad
says.
8. How was Detrinidad’s business when it started?
A. It faced tough competition.
B. It suffered a great loss.
C. It got lots of financial support.
D. It went surprisingly well.
9. What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants?
A. They appeal more to students.
B. They purify the environment.
C. They raise the cortisol level.
D. They enhance productivity.
10. What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers?
A. The necessity of social skills.
B. The meaning of sustainability.
C. The importance of repeated efforts.
D. The value of professional opinions.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Time to Replace Houseplants
B. Plants Boost Your Mood
C. Tips on Choosing Houseplants
D. Plants Brighten Your Home
