第 09 讲 阅读补全（七选五）
目录
01 考情透视·目标导航········································································································································1
02 知识导图·思维引航········································································································································2
03 考点突破·考法探究········································································································································3
考点一 题型破解···················································································································································3
知识点1 命题特点···································································································································3
知识点2 解题要点·································································································································3
知识点2 高分技巧·································································································································3
考点二 段首设空题 ············································································································································4
考点三 段中设空题················································································································································5
考点四 段尾设空题··············································································································································12
04真题练习·命题洞现
1.真题实战 ··············································································································································14
2.命题演练 ··············································································································································23
近五年七选五考点细目
年份 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 字数 选项特指
新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 使用英语词典的心得 1 4 0 273+61 完整句
2024
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 如何避免过度性旅游 1 3 1 259+52 完整句
新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅的办法 0 4 1 247+82 完整句
2023
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 261+63 完整句
新课标I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 257+76 完整句
2022
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1 4 0 237+74 完整句
新课标I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 270+83 完整句
2021
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1 2 2 250+75 完整句
2020 新课标I卷 记叙文 人与社会 公开演讲的一些原则 1 3 1 235+73 完整句考点一 题型破解知识点1 命题特点
阅读理解七选五文章是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补
全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。体裁以说明文、记叙文为主。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为
辅。
话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。语篇模式也较为固定：依
次是提出问题、分析问题、最后是提供解决方案；主要考查考生的做题技能和阅读判断能力。
命题分布及考查方向：题目的位置固定：有首句、句中、末句与独立成段 四种情形；考查的方向大致可分为主旨概
括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义） 三类。
若问题在段首，通常是段落主题句。若是针对段落小标题设空。其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同。选项应短小精评，多
为名词词组、动名词短语或祈使向。若段落首句设空，段首句要么与段落标题相关联，要么是段落主题句。选项要有概
括性。
知识点2 解题要点
一“通读”---通读全文把握大意，
二“精读”---以空位单位，结合设空位置和段落结构做出初步判断。注意先易后难，一时有困难及时放一放，
三“复读”—重点复读有疑问的选项，从设空位置、前后句逻辑、段落关键词入手多方考虑。
阅读七选五 侧重 考查考生对文章内容、结构及上下文逻辑的理解和把握 。解题是遇到模棱两可难以判断的空时遵循先易
后难的原则，一时有困难及时放一放。重点复读有疑问的选项时，从设空位置、前后句逻辑如选项中或者设空处后面的
人称代词、段落关键词入手多方考虑。
知识点3 高分技巧
第一步：通读全文，掌握大意
阅读七选五多为说明文，寻找主题句是掌握全文主旨大意最有效的方法。说明文的主题句一般是首段的第一句或第二句，
有些会出现在文章的末尾，阅读时要特别关注这些句子。
第二步：阅读选项，标记线索通读完文章，依次快速浏览各个选项，弄清句子的类别和意义，并找出每个选项中的线索
词或关键词，据此初步确定哪个选项应放在文章的哪个位置上。
第三步：详读段落，定位选项了解文章大意和选项内容之后，再细读文章，分析上下文语段之间的逻辑关系和语义关系，
根据所标记的线索词和关键词（如：代词的作用就是指代前面提及的名词或句子，根据指代关系和代词的单复数差异可
以快速解题），进一步确定选项。
第四步：研读选项，排除干扰尽管答案已选出，但为了避免失误，还要对多余的两个选项进行进一步的研读，确认它们
和文章的意义没有关联，最终将其排除。
名师提醒：段中设空的题要注意分析前后的逻辑性和内容的连贯性，注意句子之间的衔接手法。当设空在段中时，通常
考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的街接关系。
常见的逻辑关系包括7类: 总分关系、并列关系 、 递进关系 、 转折关系 , 因果关系、解释关系和例证关系。
考点二 段首设空题
段首设空考查小标题或段落主题句
考查方向：小标题或段落主题句：位于篇首或段首设空，一般考查文章或段落主题。注释小标题：如在小标题之后接着
设空，一般是对小标题加以注释。段落间的过渡句：如首段之后的段首设空，一般是考查承上启下的过渡语句。典例1.（2024年新高考II卷） Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities,
but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16 . So, should we stop traveling? ___
Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions
to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the
same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.
___17 Travel for you and no one else . . ___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is
described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That
means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. Why not try a
regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer
tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
......
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
【解析】本题考查小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通
过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项
“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。
【答案】A
考点三 段中设空题
一 段中设空考查逻辑关系
段中设空主要考查上下文的逻辑关系。有时会出现下列衔接词汇或短语结构: first, second, then, next, later, soon, so, but,
however, additionally, what’s more, that is, namely, in other words, for one thing. . . for another 等, 这些词汇和短语结构在文章
中起到提示逻辑关系的作用,是解题时需要重点关注的部分。考生应对常用的逻辑关系了然于心，并在阅读时能有效地找出关键信息。常考逻辑关系如下，
（1） 总分关系 ：指选项是中心句；
（2） 并列 关系 ：指选项与前句或后句在结构或内容上一致；
（3） 递进 关系 ：指后句对前句进行补充说明或语义上的延伸；
（4） 转折 关系 ；指选项与前句或后句语义相反或相对，后句往往是对前句的修正，表达作者的真正意图；
（5） 例证关系 ：指后句是前句的具体实例。
（6） 概括阐释 ：指前句对后句或后句对前句进行归纳概括，若前句归纳，后句即是对前句的具体阐释，使得概念更加
清晰易懂；若后句概括，即后句是对前句所阐释的内容进行意义整合；
（7） 因果关系 ：指选项与前后句构成因果关系；
1、根据总分关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:“总”是指总体概括，“分”指的是内容的具体展开；
二是技巧运用:是先“总”后“分”，是先“分”后“总”,还是先“总”后“分”再“总”。
例如：
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open
fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days
off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
F. After the trip, my family became interested in camping.
【解析】本题考查总分关系。根据下文的描述“我们睡在帐篷里、在篝火上做饭、走很远的路去洗澡和上厕所”可知,
这次野营比较艰难, 设空处是总体评价, 后面是详细描述。故选C。
【答案】C
2、根据解释关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：一是掌握特点:提出观点，然后对该观点解释说明；
二是技巧运用:设空处是提出的观点还是对观点的解释说明。
典例 In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are
always crowded. 40 When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that
some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can
be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【解析】本题考查解释关系。设空前介绍法国咖啡厅常常很拥挤, 设空处“并非所有的顾客都是游客”符合语境, 空后通
过设问“这些人什么时候工作呢? ”,用回答该问题的方式来解释为什么当地人有时间享受咖啡馆生活。故选A。
【答案】A
3、根据例证关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系；
二是技巧运用:是先给例子，再归纳观点;还是先给出观点,再举例说明。
典例The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 37 Our
building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French
phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【解析】本题考查例证关系。本段句首提出观点: “可是, 这个地方并不完全像地道的巴黎”, 接下来要举例说明, 再结合
空前一句讲的是“管道正常工作”, 空后一句讲的是“甚至还有小电梯”, 本句内容应该涉及房子的好处“公寓里有不错
的厨房和舒适的床”,故选C。
【答案】C
4、根据转折关系确定答案
表示转折关系的连接词有: but但是, however/whereas然而, nevertheless仍然, 然而, 不过, nonetheless尽管如此, 依然, 然
而, still还; 然而, though可是, 不过, 然而, yet然而, in spite of不顾, 不管, at any rate无论如何, 至少, in any case无论
如何, 不管怎样, whoever无论是谁, whatever无论什么, on the contrary正相反, in contrast与此相反, 相比之下, by
contrast相反, 相比之下, in comparison比较起来, 比较地, by comparison相比之下, conversely相反(地), otherwise否则; 除此以外, not. . . but不是……而是, as well也等。
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:指英语行文中后句与前句构成逆转逻辑关系；
二是技巧运用:空格前后两句话之间如果是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个表示转折关系的句子。
典例1（2024年新高考I卷）
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English
Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull".
____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
【解析】本题考查转折关系。上文““To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of
”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工
作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两
页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本
字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。
【答案】 D
【思维建模】选项初读时应当关注But这种明显转折意义的词，结合but之后句意，再根据设空前的句子即可推断正确
答案。
5、根据因果关系确定答案
表示因果关系的连词有as a result/consequently结果, thus/therefore因此, so (such). . . that. . . 如此……以至于……等。
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点：指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系；
二是技巧运用：是说明了前因后果还是前果后因等情况。
典例1.（2024年新高考II卷）
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities,
but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___ Certainly not. The loss of what
travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the
places we visit and improve our experience.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
【解析】本题考查因果关系。前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts
local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游
促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的
地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在当
今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提
问能否停止旅行，D选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。
【答案】B
典例2.
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.__ 36 __ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor
apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【解析】本题考查因果关系。根据空后的句子中的So可知, 该句与设空处是因果关系。F项“我们的目的是想看看我们
能否像真正的巴黎人一样生活”是作者和她丈夫在巴黎租住公寓的原因。故选F。
【答案】F
6、根据递进关系确定答案
表示递进关系的连词有: also也, 而且, further另外(地), furthermore而且, 此外, likewise同样地, 照样地; 也,又, similarly相
似地, 类似地, moreover而且, 再者, 此外, in addition另外, 加之, what’s more更重要的是, too也,还, either也, neither两者都
不, not only. . . but also不但……而且等。
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:后面的句子是对前面所述内容的进一步解释说明，即行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系；二是技巧运
用:空格前后两句之间如果是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。
例如：
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is
needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept
doesn’t work if one doesn’t understand it. 34 So a common language is required and in postcrossing that’s English since it’s
widely spoken.
A. And that’s totally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【解析】本题考查递进关系。As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn’t work if one
doesn’t understand it. “虽然收到一张汉语卡片很酷, 但如果你不懂汉语, 你就看不懂意思”, 而F项Similarly, if you speak
only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away. “同样, 如果你只会说中文, 收到一张瑞典语的卡片也会
让你失去一部分乐趣”与前句构成递进关系。故选F。
【答案】F
7、根据并列关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系；
二是技巧运用:寻找表示并列的关系词,如:and, first(ly), second(ly),...; first, then/next, ..;in the first place, in the second place.;
for one thing, for another; to begin with, to conclude等标志性词语。
例如：
What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking? If you can’t take their wine away, you should
certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something
and just remove them from the situation. 3 9 .
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【解析】本题考查并列关系。空处与空格前的“If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with
something and just remove them from the situation. ”构成并列句中的选择关系, 并与首句中“won’t stop talking”呼应, 故E项
(或者把谈话变成一个他们无话可说的话题)符合语境。故选E。
【答案】E
二 段中题考查词汇线索
1.人称代词或物主代词指代
前文出现过的人或物，再次提到时，为了避免重复，为避免重复，常用人称代词，不定代词，指示代
词，反身代词，以及 such 和 so 指代前文提到的内容。解题时要注意指代的人称、数的一致性。
it 可指代单数名词或整个句子; they 或 them 指代复数名词；one 指代单数可数名词;
ones 指代复数名词;that 指代不可数名词或句子; this 指代单数名词或句子:
these 或 those 指代前句的复数名词。做题过程中要特别关注空后的句子或选项中是否有代词，可以利用
指代关系以及代词单复数形式的差异快速锁定答案。
2.词汇线索---高频词复现（同义词/近义词/上下义词/同一范畴词）
作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。达到语义衔接的目的。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义
词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现和同范畴词出现等。在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
典例1.（2024新课标Ⅰ卷）Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect,
professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to
spell words correctly.
......
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale
for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations
and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's
nothing better.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
【36题解析】上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想发
表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误
是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错
误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。
【答案】36. F
【39题解析】
下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(然而，如果我
需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I don’t
often use this dictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。
【答案】 A
考点四 段尾设空题如果设空处在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。也可以是承上启下（过渡）句子。
一 段尾句考查总结概括句表概况归纳关系有：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in
conclusion, in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。
二 段尾句考查补充信息句 对前文内容进行补充说明,这时要选择补充性的语句。
三 段尾句考查承上启下(过渡)句 段落间的过渡句,首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词,再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案
的选择。
典例1.(2024新高考II卷)
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for
others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or
when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 38
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【解析】18.根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive
things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标
题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主
动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。
选项F “Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下
来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
【答案】F
典例2. (2023全国I卷)
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness.
List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39
A. Feeling upset again?C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
【解析】本题设空在段尾，首先看前文。根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned
your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位。)可知，这些小事都是你取
得的成就，都值得庆祝。C项意思，没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的，对上文的总结概括，符合文意。
【答案】 C。
一、 真题实战
1.（2024新课标I卷）
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented
manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus ( 同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's
spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned
enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins
Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are
similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale
for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations
and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's
nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English
Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull".
____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
【36题详解】
上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份
完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿
要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。
【37题详解】
上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查
器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a
hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更
喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑
上下文，所以B选项“It takes no account of the context.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。
故选B项。
【38题详解】
下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,
but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含
义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of course, a dictionary is
not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。
【39题详解】
下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(然而，如果我
需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I don’t
often use this dictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”
的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent
casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏
览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作
者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。
2.（2024年全国甲卷）What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should
feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in
between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat
slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless
overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy
snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as
sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat
and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy
up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies
suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate
weight..
A Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【16题详解】
上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs, You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too
full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太
饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食
物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为
适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something
to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很
重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符
合文意。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了
不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你
应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故
选E项。
【19题详解】
根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with
unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲
伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总
是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy
meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast
the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进
食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮
食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。
3.（2024年新高考II卷）
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities,
but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___ Certainly not. The loss of whattravel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the
places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring
the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws
you. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is
described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That
means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular
destination’s lesser-known sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer
tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the
first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。
【16题详解】
前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities,
but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使
我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了
一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的
东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，D选项“那
么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places,
it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.(游客过多的
目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化
或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时
的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why
not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者
看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被
发现的地方”语境一致。故选E。【19题详解】
空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通过跳过重大
节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时
间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。
【20题详解】
前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的
地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你
可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符
合语境。故选G。
4.（2024年浙江卷1月）
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ___16___ But
are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? ___17___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage of online
learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can
be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a
self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with
in person courses. ___19___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online
course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and
contribute to online discussion boards.
___20___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink,
an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can
also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to
discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在线学习的注意事项。
【16题详解】
由上文“In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. (在过去的
几年里，在线学习已经成为大学生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在线学习对大学生活很重要，本空要说跟“这种现象的具
体表现”有关的话题，故G选项“A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. (一项调查
发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
【17题详解】由上文“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? (但是所有的在线课程都是平等的
吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提出疑问，本空可以继续提出疑问，故F选项“If you take
an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? (如果你参加了在线课程，你能做些什么来确保尽可能好
的成绩？)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
【18题详解】
由上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. (在线学习最明显的优势
是你可以随时随地学习)”可知，在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习，本空要说跟“学习时间”有关的话题，
故A选项“But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. (但这并不意味着没有最后期限。)”与上文构成转折关系，that指代
上一句话，符合题意。故选A。
【19题详解】
由下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. (他指出，他的在线学生最终的成绩通常较低)”可
知，本空要说跟“在线老师”有关的话题，故D选项“Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and
online. (Alex Davidson教授亲自授课和在线授课)”能引起下文，下文中的He指代D项中的“Alex Davidson教授”，符合
题意。故选D。
【20题详解】
由下文“A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an
undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also
find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to
discuss course concepts. (社会关系通常是学习的重要组成部分。你可以做一些事情来缓解这个问题。本科生杰西卡·平克
建议和朋友一起参加在线课程，这样你们就可以互相激励，坚持下去。你也可以在课堂讨论板上找到学生，组织一个学
习小组，或者安排与教授面对面的会议，讨论课程概念)”可知，本空要说跟“人们之间的互动”有关的话题，故E选项
“The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction. (对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人与人之
间的互动。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
5.（2023年全国乙卷）
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.
____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress
and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are
not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months, plants around
the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity,
focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such
as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from
supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as
they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into
people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。
【16题详解】
根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress
and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可
知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look
beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种
中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的
地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承
接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子
周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many benefits to growing plants
indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as
carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二
氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害
物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能
够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-which is part of
the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣
之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very
rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus
into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于
建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。
6. （2023年全国甲卷）
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer.___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right ai our fingertips. However, research suggests
that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___.
“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting
for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.
___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon
find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortabel is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something
outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll
then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There’s one
answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜
语 答的案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一
点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩
有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-
control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能
力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选
项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以
及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢
的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习
等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】
根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience
something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能
容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状
态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。
故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more
patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服
相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
二、 命题演练
1.（23-24高三·江苏前黄中学·模拟试题）Knowledge is power, and the more you learn about mental health, the better
the position you may be in to help those facing mental health battles. Consider doing the following things to support those closest
to you.
Attend a training course
1 . In fact, anyone can benefit from depression awareness training that focuses on supporting those at risk. You
might be a teacher that manages youth or a sports coach wanting to pick up on depression risk signs in your players. You may
even be a worried parent who wants to make sure your children can tell you anything. Depression awareness and prevention
courses teach you both theoretical and practical skills to recognize warning signs and behaviors. 2 .
Listen
If someone approaches you in their time of need, it’s not always easy to know what you’re supposed to do, and it may be
more beneficial for you to just listen. 3 . They may just need to get what they are feeling off their chest and to feel valid
at that moment. Try your best not to interrupt, but ask questions if you require clarification. The more listening you do, the better
your position in deciding what to do next.
4
While being a listening ear is sometimes all someone needs to feel better, you can also become an ongoing source of
support. Check in with the person experiencing a mental health problem like depression so that they know you are always there
for them. Make contact with them regularly to see how they are feeling. Just knowing someone cares can make a world of
difference.
Call emergency services
Your support, guidance, and listening ear can be of great value to anyone going through a tough time. 5 . If
someone you know is experiencing self-abuse thoughts or tendencies, don’t delay in seeking emergency help. The faster you act,
the safer your friend or family member may be.
A．Check in with them
B．Suggest support services
C．However, it’s essential to know your limits
D．Such a course may just help you to prevent someone’s depression
E．They may not need you to offer solutions or even give them a hug
F．Sometimes, the best thing you can do is encourage them to seek professional helpG．You don’t have to be in a professional health role to attend depression prevention training
【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了四种帮助身边有心理疾病的人的方式。
1．根据下文“In fact, anyone can benefit from depression awareness training that focuses on supporting those at risk. You might
be a teacher that manages youth or a sports coach wanting to pick up on depression risk signs in your players.”（事实上，任何人
都可以从抑郁症意识培训中受益，重点是支持那些有风险的人。你可能是一名管理青少年的老师，或者是一名想要在你
的球员身上发现抑郁风险迹象的体育教练。）可知，选项承接下文话题一致，都在说明任何人都可以参加培训。故G选
项“你不需要成为专业的健康专家才能参加抑郁症预防培训。”切题。故选G项。
2．根据上文“Depression awareness and prevention courses teach you both theoretical and practical skills to recognize warning
signs and behaviors.”（抑郁症意识和预防课程将教授你识别警告信号和行为的理论和实践技能。）可知，选项承接上文
说明好处。故D选项“这样的课程可能会帮助你预防某人的抑郁症”切题。故选D项。
3．根据上文“If someone approaches you in their time of need, it’s not always easy to know what you’re supposed to do, and it
may be more beneficial for you to just listen.”（如果有人在需要你的时候来找你，你并不总是很容易知道你应该做什么，
倾听对你来说可能更有益。）根据下文“They may just need to get what they are feeling off their chest and to feel valid at that
moment.”（他们可能只是需要把心中的感受发泄出来，在那一刻感觉自己是正确的）可知倾听就足够了，连个拥抱都不
需要。故E选项“他们可能不需要你提供解决方案，甚至不需要给他们一个拥抱。”切题。故选E项。
4．根据下文“Check in with the person experiencing a mental health problem like depression so that they know you are always
there for them. Make contact with them regularly to see how they are feeling. Just knowing someone cares can make a world of
difference.”（与患有抑郁症等心理健康问题的人联系，让他们知道你总是在他们身边。定期和他们联系，看看他们的感
受。只要知道有人关心你，就能让世界变得不同。）可知，本段告诉我们要和患有抑郁症等心理健康问题的人联系。所
以本段的标题为“和他们联系”。故选A项。
5．根据上文“Your support, guidance, and listening ear can be of great value to anyone going through a tough time.”（你的支
持、指导和倾听对任何正在经历艰难时刻的人来说都是很有价值的）以及下文“If someone you know is experiencing self-
abuse thoughts or tendencies, don’t delay in seeking emergency help.”（如果你认识的人有自虐的想法或倾向，不要拖延寻求
紧急帮助。）可知，选项与上文为转折关系，且成接下文说明有些事情是自己做不到的。要认识到自己的能力极限。故
C选项“然而，了解你的极限是很重要的。”切题。故选C项。
2.（2025·江苏盐城·五校联考）Lying awake for hours before falling asleep is a common problem. Even if you can finally
fall asleep, taking too long to fall asleep can lead to too few hours of sleep altogether. 6 So people having trouble falling
asleep always wonder how they can sleep well.
Parents know from experience that gentle music can help babies fall asleep. Science supports this, showing that children of
all ages, from babies to elementary school children, sleep better after listening to comfortable music. Fortunately, children aren’t
the only ones who can benefit from gentle music before bedtime. 7
Listening to music likely improves sleep for more than one reason. Music can promote sleep directly by affecting your
physiology (生理机能). 8 Besides, it can also promote sleep by becoming a healthy bedtime habit. Many people can’t
fall asleep quickly because stressful and worrying thoughts keep them awake at night. By listening to music, the mind has
something else to focus on. With time, the practice of listening to music at bedtime becomes more effective as the brain positively
associates music with sleep.
9 Studies have looked at many types of music and playlists but there isn’t a clear answer about the best music for
sleep. What we do know is that researchers have typically used either a self-made playlist or one that has been designed especially
with sleep in mind. One of the most important things on how music affects a person’s body is their own musical preferences.10 For those who don’t want to design their own playlist, online music services have stepped in and usually offer playlists for
sleep or relaxation.
A．It can guarantee sufficient sleep.
B．It’s natural to wonder about the best type of music for sleep.
C．The quality and quantity of our sleep become poor as we age.
D．Listening to music can reduce your stress and inspire positive feelings.
E．This can have a serious effect on a person’s quality of life if it continues.
F．People across age groups report better sleep quality after listening to soft music.
G．Useful personal playlists may include relaxing songs that have helped with sleep in the past.
【答案】6．E 7．F 8．D 9．B 10．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了音乐可以改善睡眠，解释了背后的原因。
6．根据上文“Even if you can finally fall asleep, taking too long to fall asleep can lead to too few hours of sleep altogether.(即
使你最终能睡着，花太长时间入睡也会导致睡眠时间太少)”以及后文“So people having trouble falling asleep always
wonder how they can sleep well.(所以入睡困难的人总是想知道他们如何才能睡得好)”可知，本句承接上文，说明花太长时
间入睡的情况对人们的影响，后文给出解决方案。故E选项“如果这种情况持续下去，会对一个人的生活质量产生严重
的影响”符合语境，故选E。
7．根据上文“Parents know from experience that gentle music can help babies fall asleep. Science supports this, showing that
children of all ages, from babies to elementary school children, sleep better after listening to comfortable music. Fortunately,
children aren’t the only ones who can benefit from gentle music before bedtime.(父母从经验中知道轻柔的音乐可以帮助婴儿
入睡。科学支持这一点，表明所有年龄段的孩子，从婴儿到小学生，在听了舒适的音乐后睡得更好。幸运的是，孩子并
不是唯一能从睡前轻柔的音乐中受益的人)”可知，上文提到“孩子并不是唯一能从睡前轻柔的音乐中受益的人”，说明
其他年龄段的人也可以从中受益。故F选项“各年龄段的人都说听轻音乐后睡眠质量更好”符合语境，故选F。
8．根据上文“Listening to music likely improves sleep for more than one reason. Music can promote sleep directly by affecting
your physiology (生理机能).(听音乐可能改善睡眠的原因不止一个。音乐可以通过影响你的生理机能直接促进睡眠)”可
知，本句具体说明音乐是如何影响生理机能促进睡眠的。故D选项“听音乐可以减轻你的压力，激发积极的情绪”符合
语境，故选D。
9．根据后文“Studies have looked at many types of music and playlists but there isn’t a clear answer about the best music for
sleep.(研究考察了许多类型的音乐和播放列表，但对于最适合睡眠的音乐，还没有一个明确的答案)”可知，本句与最适
合睡觉的音乐类型有关，B选项type对应后文types。故B选项“想知道最适合睡觉的音乐类型是很自然的”符合语境，
故选B。
10．根据上文“One of the most important things on how music affects a person’s body is their own musical preferences.(关于音
乐如何影响一个人的身体，最重要的一点是他们自己的音乐偏好)”以及后文“For those who don’t want to design their own
playlist, online music services have stepped in and usually offer playlists for sleep or relaxation.(对于那些不想设计自己的播放
列表的人来说，在线音乐服务已经介入，通常提供睡眠或放松的播放列表)”可知，本句主要说明设计个人播放列表来促
进睡眠。故G选项“有用的个人播放列表可能包括过去帮助睡眠的放松歌曲”符合语境，故选G。
3.（24-25高三上·浙江强基联盟）Do you feel overwhelmed, frustrated, or uninterested in life lately? 11 There are
some effective ways to deal with these feelings and regain control over your life.
12
If you’re feeling lost, the first step to regaining direction is to admit your feelings to yourself. Remind yourself that it’sperfectly normal to feel disappointed, or unfulfilled sometimes— everybody does at some point! These feelings are natural
reactions to overwhelming events or changes.
Ask yourself why you’re feeling lost.
You don’t have to unearth the answer right away. Just ask yourself introspective (内省的) questions while journaling or
meditating to turn your attention inward. 13 The journey to find your way again is highly personal and there are no right
or wrong feelings to have!
Replace negative behavior or habits with healthier routines.
Do you have any less-than-helpful habits that weigh you down, like endlessly scrolling through social media or snapping at
loved ones when you’re stressed? 14 Instead, swap these habits with new, positive ones.
Work with a mental health professional if you’re stuck.
It’s normal to need outside guidance to find your way in life again. If you find yourself at a loss for what to do next or aren’t
sure how to cope with your feelings, see a therapist or counselor. 15 Additionally, they can show you how to make
meaningful changes in your life to make you happier, healthier, and more enthusiastic about the future.
A．Do things that make you feel good.
B．If you do, know that you’re not alone.
C．Acknowledge and accept your feelings.
D．Allow yourself to think and process without judgment.
E．They can help you identify your feelings and the causes of them.
F．When you’re lost, it’s normal to lean into these unhealthy routines.
G．So, identify your top priorities and focus your time and energy on them.
【答案】11．B 12．C 13．D 14．F 15．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要围绕如何有效处理迷茫、沮丧等负面情绪，并提供了一系列实用的建议和方法，旨在
帮助读者重新控制生活，找回方向和兴趣。
11．空前“Do you feel overwhelmed, frustrated, or uninterested in life lately? (你最近是否感到不知所措、沮丧或对生活失去
兴趣？)”提出疑问，你最近是否感到不知所措、沮丧或对生活失去兴趣，空后“There are some effective ways to deal with
these feelings and regain control over your life. (有一些有效的方法可以处理这些感觉，重新控制你的生活。)”引出了有些方
法可以处理这些感觉，说明人会有空前所说的不知所措、沮丧或对生活失去兴趣的感觉，B选项“If you do, know that
you’re not alone. (如果你是这样的，要知道你并不孤单。)”说明不光你，还有其他人会有空前所描述的那些感觉，因此B
选项承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
12．空格处是本段小标题，由空格下方的“If you’re feeling lost, the first step to regaining direction is to admit your feelings
to yourself. (如果你感到迷茫，重获方向的第一步就是承认自己的感受。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要承认自己的感受，C
选项“Acknowledge and accept your feelings. (承认并接受你的感受。)”说明了要承认自己的感受，概括了本段内容，可作
为本段小标题，故选C。
13．空前“Just ask yourself introspective (内省的) questions while journaling or meditating to turn your attention inward. (在写
日记或冥想的时候问自己一些自省的问题，把注意力转向内心。)”说明了要反思自己，空后“The journey to find your
way again is highly personal and there are no right or wrong feelings to have! (重新找到你的路的旅程是高度个人化的，没有
对或错的感觉。)”说明了不要评判自己是对还是错，D选项“Allow yourself to think and process without judgment. (允许自
己不加评判地思考和处理。)”说明了要思考，但是不要评判自己，承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
14．空前“Do you have any less-than-helpful habits that weigh you down, like endlessly scrolling through social media or
snapping at loved ones when you’re stressed? (你是否有任何不利于你的习惯，让你感到压力，比如无休止地刷社交媒体，或者在你有压力的时候对你所爱的人发脾气？)”提到了一些不好的习惯，空后“Instead, swap these habits with new,
positive ones. (相反，把这些习惯换成新的、积极的习惯。)”说明要把这些不好的习惯换成积极的习惯，空格处应该提到
某些不好的习惯，F选项“When you’re lost, it’s normal to lean into these unhealthy routines. (当你迷失的时候，养成这些不
健康的习惯是很正常的。)”提到了养成空前所说的不好的习惯是正常的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
15．空前“If you find yourself at a loss for what to do next or aren’t sure how to cope with your feelings, see a therapist or
counselor. (如果你发现自己不知道下一步该做什么，或者不确定如何处理你的情绪，去看治疗师或咨询师。)”说明要看
治疗师或咨询师，空格处应该说这么做的好处，E选项“They can help you identify your feelings and the causes of them. (他
们可以帮助你确定你的感觉和它们的原因。)”说明了治疗师或咨询师能帮助你做的事情，因此承接上文，符合语境，故
选E。
4.（24-25高三上·湖北·阶段练习）Whether you like it or not, fall is here. Soon the weather will get colder. The leaves
will die and the nights will stretch longer than the days. Another year is dying; that’s just how it goes.
Studies suggest that if you are deeply preoccupied with your thoughts, in the autumn, you may be at more risk for
depression in the winter. Changing the clocks in the fall is associated with depressive episodes (changing them back in spring is
not). 16
Psychologists say that the feelings that often crop up in autumn come from our discomfort with change, and an anxiety and
uncertainty about what that change will bring.
17 And of these things the anxiety, the promise and even the careful thoughts— make it the ideal season to build
resilience and practice mindfulness. Psychologists have also found that the thought of change, the ending of one thing, the
beginning of another, and perhaps our own mortality, underlies a great deal of anxiety. Some of us struggle with “intolerance of
uncertainty,” more than others.
But intolerance of uncertainty is a part of being human; everyone has it on some level. 18 One way to build
tolerance is to lean into it— to cultivate uncertainty rather than running away from it.
19 Quietly sit on a park bench and watch a tree drop its leaves, for instance, examine the roses in the garden that
need pruning ... in such moments, it’s important to stop thinking, analyzing, or having internal conversations about work or
troubles or even whatever you are witnessing.
Autumn will probably hold some whisper of decay and mortality. 20 If you are always trying to avoid difficult
feelings, you might end up also cutting yourself off from love, richness and sweetness. Dr. Wilson said, “this is how life is: sweet
and sad, poured from the same vessel in equal measure.”
A．And it is changeable.
B．But it is not that bad.
C．But embracing that sadness is important.
D．More recently, it’s become a time to appreciate our surroundings.
E．Fall also brings with it bright, briskdays, pumpkin patches and cozy sweaters.
F．It is no wonder that the season has so many celebrations to attempt to keep our spirits up.
G．Another strategy experts suggest for soothing anxiety is to step back and simply observe the world around you.
【答案】16．F 17．B 18．A 19．G 20．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了秋天会出现的情绪波动甚至抑郁，并提出了一些调整方法。
16．根据上文“Studies suggest that if you are deeply preoccupied with your thoughts, in the autumn, you may be at more risk
for depression in the winter. Changing the clocks in the fall is associated with depressive episodes (changing them back in spring
is not).(研究表明，如果你在秋天被自己的想法深深占据，那么你在冬天患抑郁症的风险可能更大。在秋天调时钟与抑郁发作有关（在春天调时钟则不然）。)”可知，上文解释了选项发生的原因。故F选项“难怪这个季节有这么多的庆祝活
动试图让我们振作起来。”切题。故选F项。
17．根据上文“Psychologists say that the feelings that often crop up in autumn come from our discomfort with change, and an
anxiety and uncertainty about what that change will bring.(心理学家说，秋天经常出现的感觉来自于我们对变化的不适，以
及对变化会带来什么的焦虑和不确定。)”和下文“And of these things the anxiety, the promise and even the careful thoughts
— make it the ideal season to build resilience and practice mindfulness.(焦虑，承诺，甚至是仔细的思考，这些都使它成为建
立适应力和练习正念的理想季节。)”可知，选项与上文为转折关系且承接下文说明情况也没有那么糟糕。故B选项“但
也没那么糟糕。”切题。故选B项。
18．根据上文“But intolerance of uncertainty is a part of being human; everyone has it on some level.(但不能容忍不确定性是
人类的一部分；每个人在某种程度上都有这种感觉。)”和下文“One way to build tolerance is to lean into it— to cultivate
uncertainty rather than running away from it.(培养宽容的一种方法是向宽容靠拢——培养不确定性，而不是逃避不确定
性。)”可知，选项承接上下文说明上文情况具有变化性。changeable呼应uncertainty。故A选项“而且它是多变的”切
题。故选A项。
19．根据下文“Quietly sit on a park bench and watch a tree drop its leaves, for instance, examine the roses in the garden that
need pruning ... in such moments, it’s important to stop thinking, analyzing, or having internal conversations about work or
troubles or even whatever you are witnessing.(比如，静静地坐在公园的长椅上，看着一棵树落叶，审视花园里需要修剪的
玫瑰……在这样的时刻，重要的是停止思考，分析，或对工作或麻烦甚至你所目睹的任何事情进行内心对话。)”可知，
本段主要在说缓解焦虑的策略是退后一步，简单地观察你周围的世界。故G选项“专家建议的另一个缓解焦虑的策略是
退后一步，简单地观察你周围的世界。”切题。故选G项。
20．根据下文“If you are always trying to avoid difficult feelings, you might end up also cutting yourself off from love, richness
and sweetness.(如果你总是试图避免困难的感觉，你可能最终也切断了自己与爱，丰富和甜蜜的联系。)”可知，不能逃避
悲伤而是要拥抱悲伤。故C选项“但拥抱悲伤是很重要的”切题，承接下文。故选C项。
5.（24-25 高三上·云南·阶段练习）As part of our real lives of Olympians series, The Telegraph has been talking to
several former Olympic medalists about how they keep fit now.
· Do little and often.
This doesn’t have to be a workout— short, simple “exercise snacks” will do. Goodhew, for example, brushes his teeth while
standing on one leg and does stretching positions in bed. 21 “I turn up the music and hope that nobody is looking through
the window because it does look a bit wild.”
· 22
Whether it’s salted crisps or a bag of sweets, Olympians don’t cut out their guilty pleasures. “I think once you start to take
things out of your diet, that’s when your body desires it, so you start wanting it more,” says Christie, whose treat is a coffee or tea
sweetened with condensed milk (炼乳). 23
· Drink lots of water.
Goodhew drinks two glasses of water before starting his day. 24 While the amount of water you need depends on
your body and lifestyle, studies have shown that drinking more water is linked to weight loss and indeed keeps your bones
hydrated (含水的) by delivering calcium and other nutrients.
· Give priority to sleep.
25 “During my athletic career, you had to learn to sleep because you go to places where you never know if you’re
going to get a good night’s sleep,” recalls Christie.
A．Give in to your desires now and then.B．Stick to exercise every day to keep fit.
C．Another of his easy exercises is dancing.
D．For Olympians, rest is just as important as exercise.
E．No white sugar or bread, because it’s more processed.
F．Similarly, Dame Kelly Holmes admits that she’s a big chocolate fan.
G．“When you sleep you don’t drink anything for many hours,” he explains.
【答案】21．C 22．A 23．F 24．G 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了曾经的奥运会奖牌得主是如何保持身体健康的。
21．根据标题“Do little and often (少做多做)”、上文的“Goodhew, for example, brushes his teeth while standing on one leg
and does stretching positions in bed. (例如，Goodhew用一条腿站立刷牙，在床上做伸展动作。)”以及空后的“I turn up the
music and hope that nobody is looking through the window because it does look a bit wild. (我把音乐调大，希望没有人从窗户
往外看，因为它看起来确实有点狂野。)”可知，本段与锻炼身体有关，C项“Another of his easy exercises is dancing. (他
的另一个简单的练习是跳舞。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
22．根据本段的首句“Whether it’s salted crisps or a bag of sweets, Olympians don’t cut out their guilty pleasures. (无论是咸薯
片还是一袋糖果，奥运选手都不会放弃他们的罪恶感。)”可知，无论是吃咸薯片还是一包糖果，奥运选手都不会拒绝这
些令人愉悦但可能不太健康的食物，所以本段要谈论与“对不健康食物的欲望”相关话题。所以A项“Give in to your
desires now and then. (时不时地屈服于你的欲望)”能总结该段内容，符合题意。故选A。
23．由上文““I think once you start to take things out of your diet, that’s when your body desires it, so you start wanting it
more,” says Christie, whose treat is a coffee or tea sweetened with condensed milk (炼乳) (“我认为，一旦你开始从你的饮食中
剔除某些东西，你的身体就会渴望它，所以你开始更想要它。”她的治疗方法是用炼乳加糖的咖啡或茶)”可知，上文描
述了Christie对于不健康食物的观点，本空应继续谈论其他运动员和不健康食物的欲望。F选项“Similarly, Dame Kelly
Holmes admits that she’s a big chocolate fan. (同样，Dame Kelly Holmes女士承认她是个巧克力迷。)”是另一位奥运选手对
于不健康食物的欲望，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
24．由上文“Goodhew drinks two glasses of water before starting his day. (Goodhew在开始一天的工作前要喝两杯水。)”可
知，Goodhew每天开始之前会喝两杯水，本空继续谈论与喝水相关话题。G选项““When you sleep you don’t drink
anything for many hours,” he explains. (他解释说：“当你睡觉的时候，你几个小时都不喝任何东西。”。)”解释了
Goodhew每天开始之前要喝两杯水的原因，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
25．由上文“Give priority to sleep. (优先考虑睡眠)”可知，本段主要讲要给睡眠以优先权，本空谈论与睡眠、休息相关话
题。D选项“For Olympians, rest is just as important as exercise. (对于奥运选手来说，休息和锻炼一样重要。)”与本文主旨
一致，符合题意。故选D。
6.（24-25高三上·浙江·阶段练习）How to Keep a Pet Bird Quiet
Birds can be excellent companions, but they can also make a lot of noise. Sometimes that noise is unavoidable, but there are
a few steps you can take to train your bird out of loud or continuous squawking (尖叫).
26 Most birds tend to make some noise, either by singing or squawking. Birds tend to be most vocal during waking
hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening. Some birds are more likely to make noise than others, but
understand before bringing a bird home that some noise will be unavoidable.
Teach your bird to speak softly. Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling. 27
It’s often easier to teach them soft- spoken words compared to other types of sounds. Furthermore, it's important to maintain a
calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird. 28 Because this could strengthen the behavior you are trying todiscourage.
Avoid quick movements. It’s possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird,
causing him to feel anxious or over- stimulated. 29 If you have children living at home, teach them not to run through the
room your bird is in.
Provide your bird with comfort and security. Birds in the wild participate in “flock calls” as a way of communicating with
other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock. If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room, it could be his attempt at
sending you a flock call. 30
A．Understand bird behavior.
B．Train your bird to be quiet.
C．This may be especially useful for parrots.
D．Give him a treat for quietness to earn your love.
E．Try squawking back to let him know that you’re safe.
F．Do not raise your voice in response to your bird’s volume or tone.
G．Move slowly around your bird, and encourage others to do the same.
【答案】26．A 27．C 28．F 29．G 30．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何让宠物鸟保持安静。
26．根据下文“Most birds tend to make some noise, either by singing or squawking. Birds tend to be most vocal during waking
hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening.(大多数鸟都会发出一些声音，不是唱歌就是叫。鸟类在早上醒
着的时候和晚上睡觉前往往是最大声的。)”可知，本段主要介绍要了解鸟儿的行为。故A选项“了解鸟的行为”切题，
为本段的标题。故选A项。
27．根据上文“Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling.(当你的鸟吹口哨或低语时，赞
美它，而不是尖叫或吼叫。)”可知，选项承接上文说明其对哪种鸟类有作用。故C选项“这可能对鹦鹉特别有用”切
题。故选C项。
28．根据上文“Furthermore, it’s important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird.(此外，当你和
你的鸟交流时，保持冷静和温和的语气是很重要的。)”可知，选项承接上文具体说明保持冷静和温和的语气。故F选项
“不要提高你的声音来回应你的鸟的音量或音调”切题。故选F项。
29．根据上文“Avoid quick movements. It’s possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your
bird, causing him to feel anxious or over- stimulated.(避免快速移动。有可能是你或你家里的人在你的鸟周围移动得太快，
导致他感到焦虑或过度刺激。)”可知，选项承接上文说明在鸟周围缓慢移动的重要性。故G选项“慢慢地在你的鸟周围
移动，并鼓励其他人也这样做。”切题。故选G项。
30．根据上文“Provide your bird with comfort and security. Birds in the wild participate in “flock calls” as a way of
communicating with other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock. If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room, it
could be his attempt at sending you a flock call.( 给你的鸟一个舒适和安全的环境。野外的鸟类参与“鸟鸣”，作为与其他
鸟类交流和确保鸟群安全的一种方式。如果你离开房间时，你的鸟可能会吱吱叫，这可能是它试图向你发出鸟鸣。)”可
知，上文提到要采取一些措施来确保鸟感到安全和舒适。所以建议通过模仿鸟的叫声来回应, 是一种提供安全感的方
式，因为它可能被鸟理解为一种群体间的交流，表明它并不孤单。故E选项“试着用叫声回应，让他知道你很安全”切
题。故选E项。
7.（24-25高三上·四川·阶段练习）Gratitude, in its simplest form, is the act of feeling grateful for what you have. 31
If you are a person that practices gratitude regularly, you may have benefited a lot from that. Studies have shown that practicinggratitude can significantly boost people’s happiness and well-being, allowing them to live a more fulfilling life. So how can we
practice gratitude? Here are ways that will set you in the right direction.
Keep a gratitude journal. Keep it simple and each day write 1 — 3 things you are grateful for in the morning and in the
evening. 32 A lot of people focus on what they don’t have, or complain all day, making themselves upset. But when you
focus on the positive, no matter how small, you attract more of the positive.
Don’t compare. It’s easy to compare ourselves to others and want what they have. When you do that, you’re not
appreciating your own unique journey. We’re all on a different life path and we were born to stand out. 33
Flash a smile. A lot of people don’t smile these days, and often you have to be the one that initiates (发起) it. Smiling at
someone can not only make you feel good, but also make their day, too. 34 While you’re at it, give compliments (问候),
too.
35 It’s easy to focus on the negative of the past or worry about the future. If you can live in the moment and take in
everything as they happen, you’ll discover joys that are often overlooked. There are joys of playing with your classmates in the
playground, the conversation with your friends across the table and the smell of rain. Enjoy and embrace these moments.
A．Live in the present.
B．So how often do you practice gratitude?
C．Do you know how to practice gratitude sincerely?
D．It will allow you to see more joy and beauty in your days.
E．Always discover the positive side of the people around you.
F．So smile more and watch how your day can instantly turn around.
G．Value the path you take and be grateful for who you are and what you have.
【答案】31．B 32．D 33．G 34．F 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了感恩的重要性和如何练习感恩的方法，通过给出具体的建议和步骤，引导
读者学会感恩，享受生活中的美好。
31．根据空后内容“If you are a person that practices gratitude regularly, you may have benefited a lot from that.(如果你是一个
经常练习感恩的人，那么你可能会从中受益匪浅。)”可知，如果我们经常练习感恩，我们将从中受益匪浅。选项B“So
how often do you practice gratitude?(你多久练习一次感恩？)”中的“how often”与下文的“regularly”保持一致。故选B。
32．根据空前内容“Keep a gratitude journal. Keep it simple and each day write 1-3 things you are grateful for in the morning
and in the evening.(坚持写感恩日记。方法很简单，每天早上和晚上各写下1-3件你心怀感激的事物。)”可知，空前内容
建议我们要写感恩日记。选项D“It will allow you to see more joy and beauty in your days.(它将让你在日常生活中看到更多
的快乐和美好。)”承接上文，解释了记感恩日记的好处，同时引出下文“A lot of people focus on what they don’t have, or
complain all day, making themselves upset. But when you focus on the positive, no matter how small, you attract more of the
positive.(很多人关注自己没有的东西，或者整天抱怨，让自己不开心。但是当你关注积极的一面时，无论多小，你都会
吸引更多的积极因素。)”。故选D。
33．根据上文内容“Don’t compare. It’s easy to compare ourselves to others and want what they have. When you do that, you’re
not appreciating your own unique journey. We’re all on a different life path and we were born to stand out.(不要比较。我们很容
易将自己与他人进行比较，并想要拥有他们所拥有的东西。当你这样做的时候，你并没有感激自己独特的旅程。我们都
在不同的生活道路上，我们生来就是要脱颖而出的。)”可知，上文建议我们每个人都是独特的，所以不需要和别人比
较。选项G“Value the path you take and be grateful for who you are and what you have.(珍惜你所走的路，对你所是和所拥有
的心存感激。)”承接上文，给出了具体的建议，即要珍惜自己的经历和所拥有的，不要总是羡慕别人。故选G。
34．根据空前内容“Smiling at someone can not only make you feel good, but also make their day, too.(对某人微笑不仅会让你感觉良好，也会让他们的日子更美好。)”可知，上文提到微笑的好处。选项F“So smile more and watch how your day
can instantly turn around.(所以多笑笑，看看你的日子是如何瞬间变得不同的。)”承接上文，进一步强调了微笑的好处，并
引出下文“While you’re at it, give compliments (问候), too.(同时，也给予赞美和问候。)”。故选F。
35．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“It’s easy to focus on the negative of the past or worry about the future. If
you can live in the moment and take in everything as they happen, you’ll discover joys that are often overlooked. There are joys of
playing with your classmates in the playground, the conversation with your friends across the table and the smell of rain. Enjoy
and embrace these moments.(很容易专注于过去的负面或担心未来。如果你能活在当下，享受当下的一切，你会发现那些
常常被忽视的快乐。比如在操场上和同学玩耍的乐趣，和朋友隔桌交谈的乐趣，以及雨的味道。享受并拥抱这些时
刻。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是我们要活在当下，享受生活中的美好。选项A“Live in the present. (活在当下。)”是本段内
容的概述，与本段内容相符。故选A。
8.（24-25高三上·海南海口·阶段练习）Exploring rivers through paddleboarding or rowing is exciting, but safety should
always be top priority. 36 :
Before You Go: Ensure your trip matches your skill level and physical condition. Basic swimming ability is crucial. Read
reviews to understand what to expect and ensure your insurance covers the activity.
On the Water: 37 — paddleboards or rowing boats-for good condition. Wear a snug life jacket and, in colder
weather, a wetsuit. Discuss river conditions with your guide and familiarize yourself with the planned route, including any
challenges.
During the Experience: Listen carefully to safety briefings and follow instructions from your guide. Stay alert to
surroundings and potential hazards. Learn self-rescue techniques in case of falls or capsizing.
38 : Confirm your guide’s qualifications, including rescue training and First Aid/CPR certifications. Understand the
emergency plan for injuries or unexpected situations. 39 , especially in challenging conditions.
Respecting the Environment: Follow local rules and guidelines to minimize impact on wildlife and other users. Use eco-
friendly sunscreen and dispose of waste properly. 40 .
By prioritizing safety, communicating effectively with your guide and group, and respecting nature, you can enjoy a safe
and rewarding paddleboarding or rowing adventure on rivers
A．Check your equipment
B．Emergency Preparedness
C．Safety can be guaranteed
D．Here’s a concise guide for enthusiasts
E．Support efforts to keep the area clean and sustainable
F．Maintain communication with your group for support
G．We must try our best to find more ways to help protect the environment
【答案】36．D 37．A 38．B 39．F 40．E
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要为桨板和划船爱好者提供了确保安全的几条指南。
36．根据前文“ Exploring rivers through paddleboarding or rowing is exciting, but safety should always be top priority.(通
过桨板或划船探索河流是令人兴奋的，但安全始终是首要任务)”和下文各段主要介绍了确保安全的建议和注意事项可
知，选项D. Here’s a concise guide for enthusiasts.（以下是为爱好者提供的简明指南。）引出确保安全的指南，承上启
下，符合语境。故选D。
37．根据空处后“-paddleboards or rowing boats-for good condition.”（—桨板或划艇—以保持良好状态。）提到保持设备
状态良好，选项A. Check your equipment（检查你的装备）中的“equipment”与后面的“paddleboards or rowing boats”相对应，check your equipment for good condition表示“检查你的装备是否完好”，句意合理。故选A。
38．空处为第五段的主题句。根据下文“Confirm your guide’s qualifications, including rescue training and First Aid/CPR
certifications. Understand the emergency plan for injuries or unexpected situations.”（确认导游的资格，包括救援培训和急
救/心肺复苏术证书。了解受伤或意外情况的应急计划。）可知，该段主要提出了应对紧急情况所要做的准备工作；选项
B. Emergency Preparedness（应急准备）概括了该段大意，符合主题。故选B。
39．根据前文“Understand the emergency plan for injuries or unexpected situations.”（了解受伤或意外情况的应急计划。）
可知，该段主要建议要做好应对紧急状况的准备工作，结合空处后“especially in challenging conditions”（特别是在具有
挑战性的条件下），选项F. Maintain communication with your group for support（与你的团队保持联系以获得支持）指出
了在条件艰苦的情况下，要及时和团队保持联系，以获得必要的支援，从而应对紧急状况，语意合理，符合主题。故选
F。
40．根据第六段主题句“Respecting the Environment: ”（尊重环境：）可知，该段提醒爱好者要尊重环境；前文“Follow
local rules and guidelines to minimize impact on wildlife and other users. Use eco-friendly sunscreen and dispose of waste
properly.”（遵守当地的规则和指导方针，尽量减少对野生动物和其他使用者的影响。使用环保防晒霜，并妥善处理废弃
物。）提出的具体做法，选项E. Support efforts to keep the area clean and sustainable（支持保持区域清洁和可持续发展的
努力）总结了支持所有保护环境、尊重环境的做法，句式衔接合理，语意符合主题。故选E。
9.（24-25高三上·云南大理·期中）Critical thinking means making reasoned judgments that are logical and well-thought-
out. To think critically, you don’t simply accept all arguments and conclusions you are exposed to. 41 Here are several
tips to develop your critical thinking skills.
Question ideas and assumptions. 42 They constantly question ideas and assumptions rather than accepting them
at face value. They will always seek to determine whether the ideas, arguments and findings represent the entire picture and are
open to finding why they do not. It is about being an active learner rather than a passive receiver of information.
43 When analyzing a work procedure or process, you can creatively come up with ways to make it faster and
more efficient. It is a skill that can be strengthened over time. To discover certain patterns of information and make abstract
connections between seemingly unrelated data will improve your critical thinking. This is valuable no matter what career you take
up.
Adjust your perspective. Previous education and life experiences leave their marks on a person’s ability to objectively
evaluate certain situations. By acknowledging these biases, you can improve your critical thinking and overall decision process.
44 Putting yourself in other people’s shoes will help you imagine their motivations, ambitions, and confusions.
Practice reflection. Baking time for reflection into your day, particularly after an emotional situation is resolved or a big
project is completed. Consider: What was the context? What was I thinking and feeling in the moment? What were other people
thinking and feeling in the moment? What could I have done differently knowing what I know now? 45 They would tell
you how you handled something and what they would have done differently.
A．Think creatively.
B．Work effectively.
C．Empathy can also be of great help.
D．Critical thinkers definitely have the ability to reason.
E．It can be helpful, too, to ask for feedback from someone you trust or admire.
F．Besides, you can build good relationships that will help you make a decision.
G．Instead, you keep an attitude involving questioning such arguments and conclusions.
【答案】41．G 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了批判性思维的含义以及培养批判性思维技能的几个建议。
41．上文“To think critically, you don’t simply accept all arguments and conclusions you are exposed to.(要进行批判性思维，
你不能简单地接受你所接触到的所有论点和结论)”指出进行批判性思维时不能简单地接受所有论点和结论，G选项
“Instead, you keep an attitude involving questioning such arguments and conclusions.(相反，你要保持一种对这些论点和结论
提出质疑的态度)”与上文构成转折关系，进一步说明进行批判性思维时应持有的态度，即对这些论点和结论提出质疑，
上下文语意衔接自然。故选G项。
42．下文“They constantly question ideas and assumptions rather than accepting them at face value.(他们不断地对想法和假设
提出质疑，而不是表面地接受它们)”指出“They”会不断质疑想法和假设，结合指代关系可知，设空句中会出现代词
They所指代的对象。D选项“Critical thinkers definitely have the ability to reason.(批判性思维者肯定具有推理能力)”中
“Critical thinkers”与下文代词They构成指代关系，同时因为批判性思维者具有推理能力，因此会不断质疑想法和假设，
上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
43．下文“When analyzing a work procedure or process, you can creatively come up with ways to make it faster and more
efficient.(在分析工作程序或过程时，你可以创造性地想出使其更快、更高效的方法)”建议在分析工作程序或过程时要创
造性地思考，A选项“Think creatively.(创造性地思考)”概括了下文的主要内容，作为段落主题句，引领下文。故选A
项。
44．下文“Putting yourself in other people’s shoes will help you imagine their motivations, ambitions, and confusions.(设身处
地地站在别人的角度，可以帮助你想象他们的动机、抱负和困惑)”说明要站在别人的角度思考问题，C选项“Empathy
can also be of great help.(同理心也可以有很大的帮助)”引出下文，说明同理心在批判性思维中的重要性，上下文语意连
贯。故选C项。
45．下文“They would tell you how you handled something and what they would have done differently.(他们会告诉你你是如
何处理某件事的，以及他们会如何做得不同)”指出“They”会提供你需要的建议，结合指代关系可知，设空句中会出现代
词They所指代的对象。E选项“It can be helpful, too, to ask for feedback from someone you trust or admire.(向你信任或敬佩
的人寻求反馈意见也是很有帮助的)”句中“someone you trust or admire”与下文代词They构成指代关系，同时，向信任或
敬佩的人寻求反馈意见就会得到他们的建议，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
10.（24-25 高三上·山东德州·阶段练习）In today’s consumer-driven society, credit cards have become an essential
financial tool for many. 46 However, there is also a hidden danger: the minimum payment trap. While the minimum
payment may seem like a manageable way to handle debt, it can quickly lead to a never-ending cycle of financial struggles. So
let’s explore the harmful nature of minimum payments.
The minimum payment is a mirage (海市蜃楼). At first glance, the minimum payment appears to be a reasonable sum. It’s
often a small percentage, around 2-3%, of the total balance. This seemingly manageable sum can make cardholders form a false
sense of security, leading them to believe that they’re making progress toward paying off their debt. 47
The cost of minimum payments is far from our expectations. Many people fail to realize that making only minimum
payments barely covers the interest that adds up on the outstanding balance (未偿余额), let alone reduces the principal amount
owed. 48 A large part of each payment will go towards interest charges rather than reducing the debt itself.
Consequently, people find themselves trapped in an endless cycle of paying off interest while the principal balance remains high.
49 As the cycle continues, the balance may actually grow over time, especially if new purchases are made on the
card. This occurs when interest continuously adds up on the existing balance. What started as a manageable sum can quickly
balloon into a financial burden.
People will probably suffer from psychological problems. The constant stress of increasing debt can lead to anxiety,
depression, and feelings of helplessness. 50 It’s a harmful cycle that feeds on itself, leaving many feeling trapped andhopeless.
A．There is a worrying snowball effect.
B．Actually, the reality is much more concerning.
C．They offer convenience, flexibility, and rewards.
D．The minimum pavements attract people to purchase more.
E．It is essential to first understand the impact of the interest.
F．Credit card companies apply relatively high interest rates.
G．The longer one remains trapped, the harder it is to break free.
【答案】46．C 47．B 48．F 49．A 50．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了信用卡最低还款额陷阱的危害性。
【分析】46．上文“In today’s consumer-driven society, credit cards have become an essential financial tool for many.(当今消
费驱动的社会中，信用卡已成为许多人必不可少的金融工具。)”说明了信用卡在现代社会中的重要性。C选项“They
offer convenience, flexibility, and rewards.（它们提供便利性、灵活性和奖励）”与上文内容一致，因为它列出了信用卡的
一些优点，并与下文构成对比，下文的“But”转折说明信用卡背后隐藏的危险。故选C。
47．空前的句子“This seemingly manageable sum can make cardholders form a false sense of security, leading them to believe
that they’re making progress toward paying off their debt(这笔看似可控的金额可能会让持卡人形成一种虚假的安全感，让他
们相信自己在偿还债务方面取得了进展)”说明了最低还款额给持卡人带来的错觉，觉得自己在偿还债务方面取得了进
展，实际怎样呢？B选项“Actually, the reality is much more concerning.(实际上，现实情况更加令人担忧)”强调了实际情
况比表面看起来更糟，符合上下文的语言逻辑。故选B。
48．空前的句子“Many people fail to realize that making only minimum payments barely covers the interest that adds up on the
outstanding balance (未偿余额), let alone reduces the principal amount owed.(许多人没有意识到，只支付最低还款额几乎无
法弥补未偿还余额的利息，更不用说减少所欠的本金了。)”说明了最低还款额仅能覆盖利息，F选项“Credit card
companies apply relatively high interest rates.(信用卡公司收取相对较高的利率)”解释了为何最低付款只够付利息。故选F。
49．上段描述支付最低额款项的循环，导致余额可能增加，A选项“There is a worrying snowball effect.(存在一个令人担
忧的滚雪球效应)”合理承接此意，且本空后面的句子“As the cycle continues, the balance may actually grow over time,
especially if new purchases are made on the card.(随着周期的继续，余额实际上可能会随着时间的推移而增长，特别是如果
在卡上进行了新的购买。)”进一步解释了这种循环的后果。故选A。
50．空前的句子“People will probably suffer from psychological problems. The constant stress of increasing debt can lead to
anxiety, depression, and feelings of helplessness.(人们可能会出现心理问题。债务增加带来的持续压力会导致焦虑、抑郁和
无助感。)”讲述了不断增加的债务带来的心理问题。G选项“The longer one remains trapped, the harder it is to break free.
(被困的时间越长，就越难摆脱。)”进一步说明其危害的严重程度，且空格后的“a harmful cycle ”即对选项G的总结，把
其称为恶循环。故选G。
