清单01 冠词、介词与数词
专题01 冠词
一、不定冠词a/an
1. 不定冠词a/an 用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”, “a+most+形容词”表示“很……，非常……”，
most 在此不表示最高级含义，相当于very。
He misses the gold medal in the high jump，but he will get a second chance in the long jump.
他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是在跳远比赛中他还有机会。
For a great many men and women，romance can be a most important part of marriage.
对许多男人和女人来说，爱情是婚姻中非常重要的一部分。
附录：
1. 抽象名词和物质名词在表示“概念”时，其前常用零冠词；但在表示具体的人或事物时变成了可数名词，
需要与不定冠词连用，表示“一个、一种、一场、一阵”等。具有此用法的名词有物质名词——rain，
snow，fog，wind，drink，coffee，beer，fire，paper 等；抽象名词——success，failure，surprise，
pleasure，beauty，wonder，comfort，danger，shock 等。
2. 有些不可数名词如knowledge，collection，understanding 等后面加of 时，前面需要用不定冠词。
3. 不定冠词常见的固定搭配。
have a gift for 有……的天赋 get a lift/ride 搭便车
pay a visit to 参观 lend sb a hand 帮助某人
as a result 因此 at a distance 离一段距离
a waste of ……的浪费 be/go on a diet 节食
make a living 谋生 as a matter of fact 事实上
in a sense/way 在某种意义上 all of a sudden 突然
have a knowledge of...“了解……” have a good understanding of...“对……有很好的了解”。
二、定冠词the
1. the+ 序数词表示“第……”；“the+most+多音节形容词”为多音节形容词的最高级形式，表示
“最……”。
It’s a pity that he missed the first prize. 遗憾的是他错失了第一名。.
It is one of the most original works of imagination in the English language.它是英语中最具原创性的想
象作品之一。
2. 被演奏的西洋乐器前用the，但是球类、棋类之前却没有冠词。
As far as I know, he likes playing the piano but doesn’t like playing football.
据我所知，他喜欢弹钢琴却不喜欢踢足球。
3. 用在表计量的名词前，如by the hour，by the day，by the dozen，by the meter 等。但是如果是在抽象名
词前，则不用冠词，如：by weight，by time，by length，by size 等。
I got paid by time. To be exact，I got paid by the hour.我按时间拿报酬，确切地说，我是按小时拿钱。
附录：定冠词的常见固定搭配：
at the moment 此刻；目前 in the end 最后，最终
to tell the truth 说实话 on the other hand 另一方面
by the way 顺便说一下 in the middle of 在……中间
at the same time 同时 on the contrary 相反
on the whole 总的来说 in the distance 在远处
to the point 中肯；切题 make the most/best of 充分利用
1.(2025 年新课标Ⅰ卷)Go is one of ________ earliest binary-based(基于二元的) games.
2.(2024•浙江1 月高考)Then, when you use one section, ________ other stays fresh.
3.(2024·全国新高考Ⅰ卷) Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey
influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ________ first
time.
一 注意泛指还是特指
如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定
词时很可能填冠词。
1. 如果空格及后面的名词在文中第一次出现，可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an；如果是前文已经
提到过，可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”，一般填the。2. 如果名词后有of 短语、不定式、分词或从句等作
定语时很可能填the。
二 注意固定搭配
专题02 介词和数词
一、介词的省略
1. 当表示时间的词前有this，that，next，last，every，each，some，any，all 等时，介词常省略。
We watched an exciting football match last week.上周我们观看了一场激动人心的足球赛。
2. 表示时间的名词前有不定冠词，且不定冠词作“每一……”讲时，其前不用介词。
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.每天一个苹果，医生远离我。
【易错提示】介词不可省略的问题
1. 在被动语态中，动词短语中的介词不能省略。
2. 当非谓语动词表示被动意义时，相关介词也不可省略。
3. 在定语从句中，当从句的谓语和先行词构成动宾关系且从句谓语为不及物动词时，必须加上介词。
The children have been taken good care of in the kindergarten.
这些孩子在幼儿园里得到了很好的照顾。
The problem is well worth paying attention to.
这个问题很值得关注。
The library which we often go to is not far away from our school.
我们常去的那个图书馆距离我们学校不远。
二、易错数词
易错基数词
thirteen 十三 fourteen 十四 fifteen 十五 eighteen 十八 nineteen 十九
twenty 二十 thirty 三十 forty 四十 fifty 五十 ninety 九十
易错序数词
first 第一 second 第二 third 第三 fourth 第四 fifth 第五
eighth 第八 ninth 第九 eleventh 第十一 twelfth 第十二
易错使用
(1)序数词在句中主要作定语，一般情况下序数词前要加定冠词。
(2)序数词前有时加不定冠词，表示“又一、再一”，相当于another。
(3)有时序数词作状语，不加冠词。
Monday is the second day of a week.星期一是一周的第二天。
Would you like a second cup of tea?你还想再来一杯茶吗？
He came out first in the contest.他在比赛中获得第一名。
附录：一些高频介词短语的固定搭配
介词与名
词构成的
搭配
at+名词
at a loss 不知所措；at the cost of 以……的代价；at peace 处于和平状态；
at the risk of 冒……的危险；at war 处于战争状态；at the mercy of 在……支配下；由……摆布
at the same time 同时
on+名词
on exhibition/show/display 在展出；on account of 因为；on fire 着火on average 平均；一般地
on sale 出售；打折；on behalf of 代表；on holiday/vacation 在度假on no account/condition 决不
on the decrease/increase 在减少/在增加
by+名词
by accident/chance 偶然地; by hand 手工; by mistake 错误地; by the day 按天算
by coincidence 碰巧; by nature 天生地
in+名词
in cash 用现金付款; in charge of 掌管; in depth 在深度上; in return 作为回报; in detail 详细地
in danger (of) 在危险中，垂危; in height 在高度上; in spite of 尽管; in length 在长度上
in exchange for 作为交换; in favor of 支持，赞成; in no time 立刻; in case of 万一；如果；假使
in no way 决不; in support of 为支持……; in place of 代替; in honour of 为向……表示敬意
in possession of 拥有，占有; in memory of 为了纪念……; in addition to 另外
out of+名词
out of order 发生故障; out of breath 上气不接下气; out of sight 看不见; out of control 失去控制
out of the question 不可能; out of date 过期; out of work 失业; out of touch 失去联系
under+名词
under attack 遭到袭击; under treatment 在治疗中; under pressure/stress 在压力下
under control 处于控制之中; under repair 在修理中; under discussion 在讨论中
beyond+名词
beyond compare 无与伦比; beyond description 难以描述; beyond reach 够不到
beyond expression/words 难以表达；beyond recognition 难以辨认
形容词与
介词构成
的搭配
be+adj.+about
be anxious about 为……忧虑；be curious about 对……好奇；be particular about 对……讲究/挑
剔
be worried/concerned about 对……担心
be+adj.+at
be angry at 因/对……生气; be good at 擅长; be astonished at 对……吃惊; be present at 出席
be+adj.+in
be absorbed in 专注于……; be active in 积极于……; be dressed in 穿着……
be engaged in 忙于……; be rich in 富含……; be occupied in 忙于……
be+adj.+for
be eager for 渴望……; be famous for 因……著名; be fit for 适合，胜任……;
be ready for 准备好……; be sorry for 对……感到抱歉; be prepared for 为……做好准备
be+adj.+from
be absent from 缺席; be different from 不同于; be far from 远离; be free from 不受……影响
be+adj.+to
be close to 接近……；be devoted to 致力于……；be equal to 等于……；胜任……；
be familiar to 对……熟悉；be friendly to 对……友好；be harmful to 对……有害；
be kind to 对……友好；be similar to 与……相似；be grateful to 对……心存感激
be+adj.+of
be aware of 意识到……；be fond of 喜欢……；be proud of 因……而自豪；
be short of 缺乏……；be critical of 对……挑剔
be+adj.+with
be busy with 忙于……；be familiar with 对……熟悉；be combined with 与……结合；
be patient with 对……有耐心；be popular with 受……欢迎；be pleased with 对……感到满意；
be angry with (sb)对(某人)生气
动词与介
词构成的
“动词+sb.+of+sth.”结构
搭配
accuse sb. of sth. 指责/控告某人某事；cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的某种疾病
rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物；cheat sb. of sth.骗走某人某物；remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某
事
inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事；rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物；warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
convince sb. of sth. 使某人确信某事；suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事
“动词+sb.+for+doing sth.”结构
blame sth. for doing sth. 指责某人做某事；scold/ criticize sb. for doing sth. 批评某人做某事
forgive/ excuse/ pardon sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事；
punish sb. for doing sth. 因做某事而惩罚某人；thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事
“动词+sb./sth.+from+(doing) sth.”结构
prevent/stop/keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/物做某事
protect/preserve/defend/shelter sb./sth. from being done 保护某人/物免于被……
ban/prohibit sb./sth. from doing sth. 禁止某人/物做某事
其他常考
account for 占……(比例)；解释……(原因); act as 充当；起作用; break away from 脱离；逃
离
bring about 引起；导致；造成; call for (去)接；需要；(公开)要求; carry out 履行；实施；执
行
carry through 帮助……渡过难关；成功完成；顺利实现; come across (偶然)遇见，碰见；发
现
come to an end 终止，结束; come up with 提出; do harm to 对……有害
do without 没有……也行；没有……而设法对付过去; end up with 以……结束
get across 被传达；被理解；把……讲清楚; get around 传播；流传；各处走动
get down to 开始做某事；开始认真注意(或对待)某事; get over 解决；克服；控制
get rid of 除去，去掉；免除，摆脱; get through 正式通过；(用电话)接通，联系上；顺利通
过(考试等)
give rise to 使发生; give way to 屈服；退让；让步; go against 违反；与……不符
go in for 参加考试(或竞赛)；对某事物有兴趣，爱好; go through 经历
keep in touch with 与……保持联系; look down on/upon 轻视；瞧不起; look into 调查；审查
make the best of 充分利用；尽力而为; be made up of 由……组成; put up with 忍受，容忍
see through 看穿；识破; see to 照料；处理; set about 着手做; show around/round 领(某人)参观
show off 炫耀；展示; take in 吸入；理解，领会; take on 承担；呈现，具有;
work out 计算出；制定出
其他固定
搭配
but for 要不是; instead of 代替; regardless of 不管，不顾; apart from 除……之外
up to 直到；由……决定; according to 根据; along with 随着; together with 连同
by means of 用……办法；借助……; owing to 因为
介词省略
( 常和动
spend some time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事; waste some time (in) doing sth. 浪费时间做某
词、名词
或形容词
搭配)
事
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 有困难做某事; be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事
stop/prevent/keep sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
1.(2025 天津高考第二次)New measures are ________ to improve English translations in public places in China.
A. at rest
B. in place
C. under pressure
D. beyond reach
2.(2024 天津第一次)________ focusing on winning the approval of others, try to understand and accept yourself.
A. Because of
B. Instead of
C. For fear of
D. In terms of
3.(2023 天津第一次)Dragon Boat Festival is held ________ Qu Yuan, a well-known poet in ancient China.
A. in honor of
B. in search of
C. in the hope of
D. in the face of
4.(2023 天津第二次)China is a shining example for the global community to follow ________ developing green
industry to fight climate change.
A. in addition to
B. in return for
C. in terms of
D. in agreement with
一 分析句子成分
如果句子中不缺少主语或表语，动词后又不缺少宾语，则在名词、代词或动名词前一定是填介词。
二 记牢搭配
1. 注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用；
2. 注意有特殊用法的介词，如接复合宾语就只能用with 或without。
时间：10 分钟 满分：20 分 得分：_______
一. 单项选择
1.(2026 届天津市红桥区高三下学期一模英语试题)All the changes will lead to ________ better No.33 High
School, ________ that can surprise and inspire all the alumni.
A. a, the one
B. a, one
C. the, one
D. the, the one
2.(2025-2026 学年天津市三校联考第二学期高三模拟训练二英语试题)The employee you had been thinking
highly ________dishonest in handling the company’s data security.
A. of proving
B. of proved
C. of to prove
D. of being proved
3.(2025-2026 学年天津市三校联考第二学期高三模拟训练二英语试题)Do you know what use they made
________ the recycled materials ________ build a low-carbon community center?
A. of; of
B. of; to
C. from; to
D. to; of
4.(2025-2026 学年天津市三校联考第二学期高三模拟训练二英语试题)The coach ________ that his players
should concentrate their attention ________ study.
A. exchanged; on B. suggested; to
C. recommended; on
D. proposed; in
5.(2026 届天津市红桥区高三下学期一模英语试题)What if later in life they come to a door of opportunity, and
________ opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just stare at it and wonder.
A. in parallel with B. instead of
C. in addition to
D. with regard to
6.(2026 年高考第二次模拟考试)Some experts think, ________ genes, intelligence also depends on a balanced
diet, a good education and a nice home environment.
A. instead of
B. except for
C. apart from
D. far from
7.(2026 届天津市南开区南开中学高考英语首考冲刺练习)Experts held in-depth exchanges ________ protecting
the intangible cultural heritage in the Yellow River region at the seminar.
A. with respect to
B. in view of
C. in terms of
D. in return for
8.(2026 届天津市南开区南开中学高考英语首考冲刺练习)Much to their relief and satisfaction, the customer was
refunded ________ for the defective product, as the store’s prompt action demonstrated their commitment to
customer service.
A. off the stage
B. on the spot
C. beyond doubt
D. without hesitation
二. 语法填空
1.(2026 届河南信阳开学考)From soaking, washing, boiling, bleaching(晒白) and pulping(把……化为纸浆) the
raw materials to screening, sunning and cutting, ________ single sheet of paper takes more than two years to
make.
2.(2026 届广东东莞月考)The young scientist made ________ remarkable discovery that could change the way
we produce energy.
3.(2026 届广东东莞月考)As ________ university student, you should know what you want for your future life so
that you have a purpose.
4.(2026 届河南信阳开学考)Chinese civilization ________ its thousands of years of history is just like an old
man, remaining tough and intelligent.
5.(2026 届东北三省哈尔滨师大附中等三校高三二模联考英语试卷)What makes them meaningful is their
symbolic meanings of success and prosperity, as they represent ________ bright future and “achieving success”
while running toward new horizons.
6.( 2026 届四川南充市高考适应性考试)The foam is so stable that it allows for complicated designs on its surface,
________ practice known as chabaixi — a provincial-level cultural heritage in Fujian province.
7.(2026 届四川南充市高考适应性考试)In this fast-paced era, this ancient art breathes new life ________ our
busy lives, offering a precious moment of peace in the chaos of modern life.
8.(福建厦门市2026 届3 月高中毕业班模拟测试英语试卷)Also, the Plant Planet Project ________ is expected
to enhance global ecological capacity for biodiversity conservation and carbon neutrality, while developing
new framework for international collaboration on major scientific challenges in plant science.
9.(2026 年湖南常德市高三年级模拟考试英语试题)By shifting the battleground ________ a weaker area, the
strategy not only interrupts the enemy’s plans but also gains a tactical( 战略的) advantage without engaging in
direct combat.
10.(2026 年湖南常德市高三年级模拟考试英语试题)This strategy provides ________ valuable framework for
addressing challenges in diverse contexts.
11.(2026 届河北盐山中学高三上学期二模英语试题)The art of seal engraving(篆刻) is a foundation of China’s
fine arts. It has been ________ inseparable part of classic Chinese art.
12.(2026 届河北盐山中学高三上学期二模英语试题)Each event challenges participants to complete distances
ranging five to fifty kilometers, with some intensely demanding obstacles ________ depending on the
race category.
13.(2026 届海南海南中学等四校高三联考二模英语试题)As New Yorkers enjoy their fruity Luckin lattes(拿铁
咖啡), few of them might realize that this cup’s journey across ________ Pacific tells a story rich with cultural
exchange.
时间：10 分钟 满分：20 分 得分：_______
一. 单项选择
1.--Did you enjoy yourself yesterday?
--Yes. As you saw, ________ party went on in ________ most pleasant atmosphere.
A. the, a
B. the, the
C. a, the
D. a, a
2. ________ China plays a greater role in global affairs, ________ increasing number of international students
are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.
A. With; the
B. As; the
C. With; an
D. As; an
3.--Do you know ________ Smiths?
--Yes, they’re ________ friendly family next door.
A. the; a
B. /; a
C. the; /
D. /; the
4. My aunt bought ________ 18-dollar scarf yesterday, and ________ scarf is made of silk.
A. a; the
B. an; the
C. a; an
D. an; an
5. Still, the children remained joyful, and the parents were grateful for the help they received ________ the
challenging circumstances.
A. in spite of
B. due to
C. in case of
D. apart from
6. After having three interviews, Sarah was anxious but remained ________ for the marketing manager position.
A. in the dark
B. in the running
C. at a loss
D. on the spot
7. The library is located ________ the corner of the street, ________ the post office and the bank.
A. at; between
B. in; among
C. on; beside
D. to; near
8. The new stadium is not ________ the old one in terms of seating capacity, but it’s much more modern.
A. as half big as B. half as big as C. as big as half D. so big as half
9. There are ________ people in the park on weekends, and ________ of them are young couples.
A. thousand of; three fourth
B. thousands of; three fourths
C. thousand of; three fourths
D. thousands of; three fourth
10. ________ of the land in the village is used for planting rice, and the rest is for vegetables.
A. Three fifth
B. Three fifths
C. Third five
D. Third fifths
二. 单句语法填空
1.Today, Yunnan coffee is one of China’s key products shipped overseas, ________ 140,000 tons of beans
produced every year on its rich soil.
2. Master Zhang needs no blueprints: classic patterns like “phoenix spreading wings (fèng huáng zhǎn chì)” are
deeply rooted ________ his mind. Every handmade piece carries the warmth of craftsmanship.
3. Now, halfway into my ________(eight) year of living in Beijing, I have been married into a Chinese family and
have become the mother of two children who speak Chinese and prefer Chinese food.
4. “When I had a cold, my mom would make a cupping(拔火罐), a technique involving placing cups on the skin to
create suction(吸力),” shared Halpyarovich, now in her ________ (thirty).
5. It is known to all that there were two world wars in the ________(twenty) century, which greatly changed the
world situation.
6. High-precision 3D modeling has mapped its entire structure, creating ________ complete digital foundation.
7. This July, poets from the BRICS countries followed the same path and engaged in ________ impromptu poetry
event inspired by the river.
8. With profits jumping to nearly 1.3 billion yuan at the box office as of Aug 26, the ink-wash animated film
Nobody has broken ________ previous record set by Big Fish & Begonia (2016), making it the highest-earning
domestic 2D animated film in Chinese cinema history.
9. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700
kilometers ________ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
10. The core message of Zootopia 2, which promotes understanding across differences, deeply appeals ________
a global audience.
