20 语法填空应对策略(无提示词)
【策略精析】
策略回顾1：如何确定填何种冠词
1.用定冠词the的常考点
(1)特指某人或某事；
(2)用在序数词或最高级前或用于only，very，same等词前；
(3)用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专有名词前；
(4)用在乐器名词前；
(5)和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。
(6)用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。
2.用不定冠词a/an的常考点
(1)泛指一类人与物，表示概念“一”；
(2)在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
3.固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前填冠词
(1)定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：at the same time，on the contrary，to tell the truth，in the distance，make
the most/best of，on the spot等。
(2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：catch a cold，have a fever，all of a sudden，as a matter of fact，as a
result，have a gift for，make a living，have/take a rest，give sb a lift，have a good knowledge of等。
(3)动词(catch/take/hit等)＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位
(4)抽象名词具体化
抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考到的有：surprise，pleasure，comfort，
danger，success，failure，beauty等。
【典例分析1】 (2020全国卷Ⅱ)
The plum trees are 70.____________ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化)．They represent the
promise of spring and a renewal of life.
答案 the [句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词 first前要加定冠词
the。]
【典例分析2】 (2020浙江7月卷)
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time.Then，with 64.____________ rise of science，changes began.
答案 the [根据空后的rise of science可知，此处是名词的限定性修饰，语意表示“科学的兴起”，故填
定冠词the，表示特指。]
【典例分析3】 (2020浙江1月卷)A child born in the Us today has 63.____________ very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan
according.
答案 a [根据下文的chance 可知，这里语意表示“非常实际的一个可能性”，故填不定冠词，表示泛
指。]
【典例分析4】 (2019全国卷Ⅰ)
Of 69.____________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations ，three are declining，six 70.are(be)
stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.
答案 the [此处特指确认的19个北极熊亚种群，故用定冠词the。]
【典例分析5】 (2019浙江6月卷)
Everybody wears 57.____________ same style of clothes.
答案 the [此处特指校服的款式相同，the same...“相同的……”。]
【典例分析6】 (2019全国卷Ⅱ)
When we got a call 68.saying(say) she was short－listed，we thought it was 69.____________ joke.
答案 a [joke“笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。空格后用了单数joke，故其前用a。]
策略回顾：如何确定填何种介词
1.介词多义看语境
(1)in表示情况、状态，意为“处在……中”；表示手段、形式、方式，意为“以，用”；表示服饰，意
为“穿着，戴着”；表示范围、领域，意为“在……方面”。
(2)with表示状态，意为“带有，具有”；表示手段、方法，意为“以，用”；表示关系，意为“和……
在一起”；表示伴随，意为“随着”；表示原因，意为“因为，由于”。
(3)by用于被动语态，表示“被，由”；表示“用，靠，凭借”；表示乘用交通工具。
(4)for表示方向，意为“往，向”；表示对象，用途等，意为“为，给”；表示时间、距离、数量等，意
为“计，达”；表示原因，意为“因为，由于”。
(5)through表示位置，意为“穿过”；表示时间，意为“整个……”；表示手段、媒介，意为“依据，经
由”。
2.依据句式和搭配填介词
(1)与动词搭配，如：remind sb of sth“提醒某人某事”；rob sb of sth“抢劫某人某物”；go back to/date
from“追溯至……”；exchange...for...“交换……”
(2)与名词或代词搭配，如：by accident“偶然”；by oneself“靠自己”
(3)与形容词搭配，如：be curious about“对……感到好奇”；be proud of“因……而自豪”
【典例分析1】 (2020全国卷Ⅲ)
The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 70.____________ earth，Mother Nature.答案 on [on earth在世上。]
【典例分析2】 (2020新高考卷Ⅰ)
Museums must compete 45.____________ people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
答案 for [根据语境可知，此处表达的是“为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他的娱乐活动进行竞争”，
compete for“为……竞争”，故应用介词for。]
【典例分析3】 (2020浙江7月卷)
Some time after 10 ， 000 BC ， people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived
56.____________，through agriculture.
答案 in [live in是固定词组，表示“在……地方生活”，故填in。]
【典例分析4】 (2020浙江1月卷)
This aging of the population is driven 59.____________ two factors.
答案 by [空处位于表示被动的动词后，故应该填by。]
【典例分析5】 (2019全国卷Ⅰ)
Modern methods 63.____________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid－
1980s.
答案 of/for [methods of/for doing sth做某事的方法，故填of/for。]
【典例分析6】 (2018浙江6月卷)
If you are not going to suffer this problem，then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home
65.____________ dinner，get a few cooking tips from her.
答案 for [go to some place for dinner“去某个地方吃饭”。介词for在此表示目的。]
策略回顾3：如何确定填何种代词
1.常见考法
(1)如果空格前文出现了单数名词，并且空处作主语，可根据代指的情况用he，she或者it。
(2)如果空格前文出现了单数名词，并且空处作宾语，可根据代指的情况用him，her或者it。
(3)如果空格前文出现了复数名词，并且空处作主语，填they。
(4)如果空格前文出现了复数名词，并且空处作宾语，填them。
2.it的用法
(1)指代天气、时间、距离等。
(2)代替上文提到过的事物。
(3)代替性别不明的婴儿、动物或不确定的某个人。
(4)代替不定式、动名词或从句形式主语或形式宾语。
(5)it的常用固定句型
It is/was＋被强调成分＋that＋其他It＋be＋ adj.＋of/for sb to do sth
It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time doing sth
It is a pity/a fact/no wonder/adj.＋that...
It seems/appears/turns out/occurs to sb＋that...
It is said/reported/believed...＋that...
It takes sb some time/money to do sth
主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/make/keep...＋it＋补语＋to do sth/that...
主语＋like/hate/love/appreciate...＋it＋从句
【典例分析1】 (2018浙江6月卷)
Many westerners 57.who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap
58.____________ can be to eat out.
答案 it [考查代词。此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语是to eat out。]
【典例分析2】 (2017全国卷Ⅱ)
However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25，000 people
were using 67.____________ every day.
答案 it [指代前句中的the railway，故填it。]
策略回顾4：如何确定填连词或引导词
1.关系分析法
分析设空前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系，确定用哪个连词。
(1)表示并列或递进关系的有：and，both...and...，not only...but (also)．..等。
(2)表示选择关系的有：or，either...or...，not...but...等。
(3)表示转折或对比关系的有：but，while等。
(4)表示因果关系的有：so，for等。
I was glad to meet Jenny again，but I didn’t want to spend all day with her.
很高兴又见到詹妮了，但是我不想花一整天的时间和她在一起。
It must have rained last night，for it is wet all over.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处都这么湿。
2.句型法
(1)祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句
(2)
Please send us postcards and we’ll know where you have visited.
请给我们寄些明信片，我们好知道你到过哪里。
We were having a heated discussion when there was a failure power.我们正在热烈地讨论，突然停电了。
【典例分析1】 (2020新高考卷Ⅰ)
They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37.____________ until they died，and then it was given to
a museum.
答案 or [句意：他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给
一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两种可能性，应使用连词or“或者”。故填or。]
【典例分析2】 (2020浙江1月卷)
It’s also that they are on average healthier 65._________________ more productive for longer.
答案 and [结合句意可知，healthier 和more productive 构成并列关系，故填and。]
【典例分析3】 (2019全国卷Ⅱ)
I work not because I have to，67.____________ because I want to.
答案 but [not...but...“不是……而是……”。句意：我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。]
3.定语从句:确定关系词
设空处无提示词，而设空前的主句完整；设空后的句子不完整，且对设空前的某一名词或代词起限
定作用，就要考虑填定语从句关系词。
(1)分清限制与非限制
在先行词的后面出现逗号的，是非限制性定语从句。
①that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
②which引导非限制性定语从句可代表主句的全部或部分内容，which意为“这一点”。
③as 引导非限制性定语从句，可置句中或句首，意为“正如”。其后的谓语动词多是 be seen，be
known，be reported，be mentioned，be said，be often the case等。
The little problems that/which we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
我们在日常生活中遇到的问题有可能是伟大发明的灵感。
The boy was away from home for a week，which worried his parents very much.
这个男孩离家出走一周了，这令他的父母很担心。
Just as the saying goes，“One tree doesn’t make a forest.”
正如谚语所说：“独木不成林”。
(2)寻找先行词，判断属性(指人还是指物，表时间，地点，还是原因)
①先行词指人：that/who/whom/whose；
②先行词指物：that/which/whose等；
③表时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。
The annual campus bookfair aims to provide a platform where students can have a chance to exchange and make
use of their books.一年一度的校园书展目的是为学生提供一个平台，使学生有机会交换和利用书籍。
(2018浙江6月卷)Many westerners who/that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once
they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
许多来到中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭多么便宜，他们就会比在自己国家做饭少得多。
(3)判断所缺成分，确定关系词
①缺少主语：that/which/who；
②缺少动词的宾语：that/which/who/whom；
③缺少介词的宾语：whom/which；
④缺少定语：whose；
⑤缺少时间、地点或原因状语：分别用when，where，why。
Many traditional arts are losing nowadays，some of which are being replaced by modern products.
目前，许多传统艺术正在丢失，其中有一些正在被现代产品所取代。
The reason why I don’t trust him is that he often tells lies.
我不相信他的理由是他经常说谎。
(2018天津卷)Kate，whose sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia.
凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了，上大学时，我和她妹妹住在一个房间。
【典例分析4】 (2020全国卷Ⅰ)
Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in
orbit above the moon in a spot 63.____________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
答案 where [句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向
航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是 a spot，关系词替代先行词在
从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。]
【典例分析5】 (2020全国卷Ⅲ)
In ancient China lived an artist 61.____________ paintings were almost lifelike.
答案 whose [句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，
且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。]
【典例分析6】 (2020新高考卷Ⅰ)
The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example，38.formed (form) the core collection of the
British Museum 39.____________ opened in 1759.
答案 which/that [句意：例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。
此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the British Museum，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代
词which/that引导。故填which/that。]【典例分析7】 (2020北京卷)
Some university students carried out a campaign 4.____________ they spent their whole day without cell phone.
答案 where [分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为campaign，空格处在从句中作地点状
语，故填where。]
【典例分析8】 (2019全国卷Ⅱ)
Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，62.____________ she opened
with her late husband Les.
答案 which [分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，the pet shop是先行词，定语从句中缺少
opened的宾语，故用which。]
【典例分析9】 (2019全国卷Ⅲ)
They were well trained by their masters 64._______________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
答案 who/that [分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指人的先行词their masters，且在从句
中作主语，故填关系代词who/that。]
【典例分析10】 (2019浙江6月卷)
On the edge of the jacket，there is a piece of cloth 58.____________ gives off light in the dark.
答案 that/which [分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句。先行词为a piece of cloth，而且空格处在从句
中作主语，所以用that或which来引导。]
[注意]
(1)不能忘记“介词＋关系代词”的使用3规则
构成 用法
介词提前时，指物只能用which，指人
介词(短语)＋which/whom
只能用whom
数词/形容词最高级/不定代词＋of＋which/
表示部分与整体的关系
whom
表示所属关系，可转化为“whose＋名
the＋名词＋of＋which/whom
词”
(2)注意并列句和定语从句的区别
[辨析1]
①They live in a small house, in front of ____________ stands an orange tree.
②They live in a small house，and in front of ____________ stands an orange tree.
答案 ①which；②it [两句的区别是连词and，句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句，设空处为引导词表示
物，故填which；句②and连接两个并列分句，设空处指代前面分句中的a small house，故填it。]
[辨析2]
①The old man has three sons，none of ____________ is a doctor.②The old man has three sons，but none of ____________ is a doctor.
答案 ①whom；②them [两句的区别是连词but，句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句，设空处为引导词表
示人，故填whom；句②but连接两个并列分句，设空处指代前面分句中的three sons，故填them。]
4.名词性从句：确定名词性从句的5方向
①That you didn’t know the rules won’t be an excuse for
方向1：不缺任何成分，且
your failure.
引导词无意义，常用that
引导名词性从句
②When the news came that the war broke out，he decided
to serve in the army.
方向2：不缺任何成分，且
引导词表示“是否”，常
①He asked her the question whether they can be friends.
用whether引导名词性从
句，其中if可以用于宾语
②I didn’t know whether/if he would attend the concert.
从句
①When you are reading，make a note of what you think is
方向3：缺少主/宾/表语，
of great importance.
用连接代词(which，
what，who等) ②When opportunity knocks，please answer the door.Don’t
keep asking who it is.
方向4：缺少状语，用连接 ①I have no idea when he will come back home.
副词(where，when，why，
②How we understand things has a lot to do with what we
how) 等 feel.
方向5：it作形式主语或形
①It is announced in today’s newspaper that the president
will pay a visit to China next week.
式宾语的名词性从句要牢
记 ②I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get－together.
【典例分析11】 (2020浙江7月卷)
Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 57.____________ could be hunted or gathered from the
wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
答案 what [根据语法结构可知，what引导宾语从句，作on的宾语，由于该宾语从句中缺少主语，同时
空处表示“……的事物”，故填what。]
【典例分析12】 (2020天津卷改编)
The student completed this experiment to make come true ____________ Professor Joseph had said.
答案 what [句意：这个学生完成了这个实验，使约瑟夫教授所说的变成了现实。此处需要用what引导
宾语从句。]
【典例分析13】 (2019全国卷Ⅰ)
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they
are rare north of 88°，there is evidence 61.____________ they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far
south as James Bay in Canada.
答案 that [本句含有一个同位语从句，解释了名词evidence“证据”的具体内容，空处在从句中不充当
成分，也无意义，故本空填连接代词that。]【典例分析14】 (2018全国卷Ⅲ)
I’m not sure 61.____________ is more frightened，me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of
nowhere.
答案 who [句意：我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓，是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。
根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“谁”，故填who。]
【典例分析15】 (2018北京卷改编)
This is ____________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
答案 what [句意：这就是父亲教我的——总是要面对困难，并且抱最大的希望。分析句子结构可知，
空处引导表语从句，并在从句中作taught的宾语，故应用what。]
【典例分析16】 (2017北京卷改编)
Jane moved aimlessly down the tree－lined street，not knowing ____________ she was heading.
答案 where [句意：简在绿树成荫的街道上漫无目的地走着，不知道去往哪里。分析句子结构可知，空
处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导宾语从句。]
5.状语从句：根据句意及固定句式定引导词
a.句意法确定状语从句引导词
(1)while/when/as/since引导的时间状语从句
(2)before/after引导的时间状语从句
(3)if/unless/once引导的条件状语从句
(4)though/although引导的让步状语从句
(5)when/where引导的时间、地点状语从句
When he knocked at the door，I was working at the table.
当他敲门时，我正在桌旁工作。
A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
许多高楼在一年前还全是废墟的地方拔地而起。
She says that she’ll have to close the shop unless business improves.
她说她不得不关闭此商品，除非生意得到改善。
b.固定句式法确定状语从句引导词
(1)连词before的意义及句型
It will be＋一段时间＋before...表示“多久以后才……”
It won’t be＋一段时间＋before...表示“用不了多久就会……”
It won’t be long before we know the result of the experiment.
要不了多久我们就会知道试验的结果了。
(2)连词since的意义及句型It is some time (一段时间)＋since引导的时间状语从句
＝It has been some time (一段时间)＋since引导的时间状语从句。该固定句型意思是“自从……以来已经多
长时间了”
As is reported，it is over 100 years since Qinghua University was founded.
据报道，清华大学建校已有一百多年了。
(3)whether...or (not)．..“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句
Whether you believe it or not，it’s true.
无论你是否相信，这都是真的。
【典例分析17】 (2020全国卷Ⅲ)
65．____________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)
artist，they smiled and 66.pointed down the river.
答案 When/As [When/As在句中表示“当……时”。]
【典例分析18】 (2019天津卷改编)
Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ____________ he wants their support.
答案 unless [句意：汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。根据语境可
知，这里用从属连词unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。]
【典例分析19】 (2018北京卷改编)
____________ we don’t stop climate change，many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
答案 If [句意：如果我们不能阻止气候变化，世界上的许多动物和植物将会消失。故用if引导条件状
语从句。]
【典例分析20】 (2017北京卷改编)
If you don’t understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people ____________ you
figure it out.
答案 until [句意：如果你不明白某件事情，你可以研究，学习，也可以与其他人谈谈，直到弄明白为
止。until“直到”，引导时间状语从句。]
【策略精讲】
1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most people dream of living in a big expensive house. But Tim Shea just wanted to find a place 1
could become his home.
This 70-year-old homeless man had spent several years living on the streets until he became the first resident
of a village filled 2 3D- printed little houses.Shea was chosen to be the first person 3 (move) into Community First Village , a 51- acre site in
Austin, Texas. The small houses in the village , like Shea’s 400-square-foot home, were built by the Austin-based
start-up company ICON.
Life wasn't easy for Shea before 4 (live) in Community First Village. He lived in an RV(野营车)
for most of his life. This made 5 (he) stay away from people. “ I think from my 6 (person)
experience of my former lifestyle, I developed a shell,” Shea said. “ I didn't feel secure(安心的)and any time I had
the opportunity，I would hide.”
Luckily, 7 (thing) changed when Shea got his new house. Since then, he has been meeting new
people and making friends. “Now everything I do 8 (be) just the opposite. I have many activities to do
every day with others,” Shea said.
The houses 9 (design) by ICON have six different layouts (布局). Shea chose a home with an open
floor. This way, 10 will be easier for him to use his wheelchair.
【答案】
1. that/which 2. with 3. to move 4. living 5. him 6. personal 7. things 8. is
9. designed 10. it
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了主人公Tim Shea入住3D打印房子村庄后的生活上的变化。
1. 考查定语从句。句意：但Tim Shea只是想找到一个可以成为他家的地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处
应用连词引导定语从句。由于先行词是a place，此处可用关系代词which或that引导，并在从句中作主语。
故填that或which。
2. 考查介词。句意：这位70岁的无家可归者在街头生活了几年，直到他成为一个充满3D打印小房子的
村庄的第一位居民。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用介词。be filled with为固定短语，意为“充满”。故
填with。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：Shea被选为第一个搬家社区第一村的人，这是德克萨斯州奥斯汀的一个51英
亩的地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词，与逻辑主语person之间的逻辑关系为主动，且
逻辑主语前有the first修饰，设空处应用不定式to do作定语。故填to move。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在住在社区第一村之前，Shea的生活并不容易。根据空前介词before可知，
设空处应用动名词形式。故填living。
5. 考查代词。句意：这使得他远离人们。根据空前动词made可知，设空处应用代词的宾格形式作宾语。
he为人称代词主格，其宾格为him。故填him。
6. 考查形容词。句意：“我认为从我以前的生活方式的个人经历中，我开发了一个外壳”，Shea说。根
据空后名词experience可知，设空处应用形容词作定语。person是名词，其形容词形式为personal。故填
personal。7. 考查名词的复数。句意：幸运的是，当Shea得到他的新房子时，事情发生了变化。根据空后谓语动词
changed可知，设空处应用名词作主语。结合句意，此处表达的应是多种事情，应使用名词的复数形式。
故填things。
8. 考查动词。句意：现在我所做的一切是恰恰相反的。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用动词作谓语。根
据句中时间状语now，时态为一般现在时，因主语是不定代词everything，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填
is。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：ICON设计的这个房屋有六种不同的布局。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非
谓语动词作后置定语，且与逻辑主语The houses之间的逻辑关系为主动，应用过去分词形式。故填
designed。
10. 考查代词。句意：这样，他将更容易使用轮椅。分析句子，句中真正主语为不定式to use his
wheelchair，设空处应用代词it作形式主语。故填it。
2
Meet Alexa, Your Digital Roommate
Who is Alexa? She is a digital assistant that is part of the voice-activated Echo Dot “smart speaker” produced
by Amazon. This year Saint Louis University in Missouri has placed one of the speakers in every dorm room 11
its campus. Students can ask the virtual assistant anything from “When are the football teams playing?” to
“What’s the square root of 1440?”
SLU student Brendan McGuire said: “Instead of searching on the Internet while I 12 (tap) away at
my computer, I can just ask Alexa: Hey Alexa, ask SLU what’s the molecular(分子的)weight of water? And I can
have the answer without 13 (interrupt) my process.” That’s exactly 14 school officials had in mind
when they decided to provide the smart speakers free of charge for students.
“The students we attract 15 (drive) to achieve success in and out of the classroom,” David Hakanson,
SLU’s vice president, said. “Every minute we can save our students from having to search for the information
online is another minute 16 (commit) to their education.’
Saint Louis University is the first in the U.S. 17 (include) an Echo Dot smart speaker in every
campus living space. Other colleges have also found ways to offer the technology to students. This year
Northeastern University in Boston installed 60 speakers in public places 18 students could get answers to
common questions.
At Arizona State University, engineering students living in the brand-new residence hall have the option of
adding an Amazon Echo Dot to their rooms. “Our focus is putting this technology into the hands of our students in
a way 19 will build an ecosystem. 20 supports voice technologies throughout the ASU campus,”
said Heredia, a director at ASU.【答案】
11. on 12. am tapping 13. interrupting 14. what 15. are driven 16. committed 17. to
include 18. in order that 19. that/which 20. It
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。Alexa是一名数字助理，是亚马逊(Amazon)生产的声控Echo Dot“智能音
箱”的一部分。文章讲述了Echo Dot在大学的应用。
11. 考查介词。句意：今年，密苏里州的圣路易斯大学在其校园的每个宿舍房间都安排了一个扬声器。结
合句意可知答案为on。
12. 考查时态。句意：当我轻敲我的电脑而不是在互联网上搜索时，我可以问Alexa:嘿，Alexa，SLU水
的分子量是多少?此处while“当------时候”，表示一段时间，和持续性动词连用，结合句意可知用现在进
行时态，故答案为am tapping。
13. 考查动名词。句意：我可以在不打断我的过程的情况下得到答案。此处介词without后面用动名词作
宾语，故答案为interrupting。
14. 考查表语从句。句意：这正是学校官员决定免费为学生提供智能扬声器时心里想的。此空应该填一个
引导词，在be动词后面引导表语从句，且在表语从句中作谓语动词had的宾语，起双重作用，故答案为
what。
15. 考查被动语态。句意：我们吸引的学生是为了在课堂内外取得成功。句子主语The students 和drive
之间是被动关系，结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为are driven。
16. 考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：我们从网上搜索信息为我们学生节约的每一分钟是致力于他们教育
的另一分钟。此处minute 和commit之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故答案为committed。
17. 考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：圣路易斯大学是美国第一个在每个校园生活空间都安装Echo Dot
智能扬声器的大学。此处the first to do sth.“做某事的第一个……”，是动词不定式作后置定语，故答案为
to include。
18. 考查目的状语从句。句意：今年，位于波士顿的东北大学在公共场所安装了60个扬声器，以便学生
们能够得到常见问题的答案。此处是in order that引导的目的状语从句，故答案为in order that。
19. 考查定语从句。句意：我们的重点是将这项技术以一种建立生态系统的方式运用到学生身上。此处a
way做先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为that/which。
20. 考查it的用法。此处用it指代上文的this technology，故答案为It。
3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This summer, have you been surprised by women wearing hanfu, or Han-style clothing, at subway stations,
shopping malls or scenic areas?
In 2018, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League of China set the 21 （three） dayof March in the Chinese lunar calendar, 22 （traditional） the birthday of the Yellow Emperor as the
annual Traditional Chinese Garment Day. Since then, 23 beauty of hanfu has gained more and more
recognition and acceptance by common people.
Generally, hanfu refers 24 traditional Chinese clothing worn by the Han ethnic(民族 的)group
before the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911). Historically, Han Chinese clothing has also influenced some of its
neighboring cultural clothing, 25 (include) the Japanese kimono, Korean hanbok, and clothing of
Mongolia, Vietnam and Bhutan.
Hanfu appears elegant and beautiful, 26 is not only due to the thousands of years of culture behind its
beautiful design, but also because of its extraordinary craftsmanship(工艺) 3nd aesthetics(美学).Hanfu includes
more than 30 27 (example) of China's intangible (非物质的)cultural heritage as well as Chinese arts and
crafts under 28 (preserve).
Hanfu 29 (represent) an aesthetic for living and a continuation of traditional Chinese culture.
Nowadays, more and more fashion designs look to hanfu for inspiration 30 (create) their own brand.
【答案】
21. third 22. traditionally 23. the 24. to 25. including 26. which 27. examples
28. preservation 29. represents 30. to create
【解析】本文为说明文。本文介绍了汉服的历史和发展。
21. 考查序数词。英语中日期通常用序数词表示，the third day of March意为“3月3日”，故填third。
22. 考查副词。句意：2018年，共青团中央将每年农历3月3日，即传说中黄帝诞辰，定为中国传统服装
日。分析句子成分可知，此处应用副词作状语，故填traditionally。
23. 考查冠词。句意：从那以后，汉服的美丽越来越被人们所认可和接受。the beauty of hanfu是指“汉服
的美丽”，此处beauty用定冠词修饰，表特指，故填the。
24. 考查介词。句意：一般来说，汉服是指清朝(1644年至1911年)以前汉族所穿的中国传统服装。本句
考查固定短语refer to，意为“涉及，指的是”，故填to。
25. 考查介词。句意：从历史上看，汉服也影响了一些邻近的文化服装，包括日本和服、韩国韩服、蒙古、
越南和不丹的服装。including 是现在分词，在许多情况下用作介词，后面直接接宾语，含有补充说明之
意；included 是过去分词形式的形容词，在表示“包括……在内”时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，
起着补充说明的作用。本题属于前者，故填介词including。
26. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：汉服之所以显得优雅美丽，不仅是因为它美丽的设计背后有着几千年
的文化，更因为它非凡的工艺和美学。分析句子成分可知，空格前的句子为主句，空格处所填词汇在其
后的从句中作主语，代指主句内容Hanfu appears elegant and beautiful，故填which。
27. 考查名词复数。根据其前的30可知，此处应填名词复数形式，故填examples。28. 考查固定搭配。根据其前介词under可知此处应填名词，Chinese arts and crafts under preservation意为
“受到保护的中国工艺美术品”。故填preservation。
29. 考查一般现在时态。分析句子成分可知，此处主语为Hanfu，故应用单数谓语形式，根据语境可知，
用一般现在时，故填represents。
30. 考查不定式。句意：如今，越来越多的服装设计为打造自己的品牌以汉服为灵感。分析句子成分可知，
此处应表示目的，用不定式，故填to create。
4
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。
31 （see） from outer space, Earth is a blue planet, due to the fact that the ocean covers over 70 percent
of its surface. According to a new study published in the journal Science, the ocean plays a great role in 32
（slow）down global warming. It is “ 33 important buffer（缓冲物）”, 34 The New York Times put
it.
The oceans can absorb 93 percent of the heat trapped by the greenhouse gases 35 humans release
into the atmosphere. And the other 7 percent 36 （absorb)by the air, land and ice caps, according to the
Guardian.
“If the ocean wasn’t absorbing as much heat, the surface of the land would heat up much 37
（fast） than it is right now,” said professor Malin L. Pinsky at Rutgers University in the US. “In fact, the ocean
is saving us from rapid warming right now.”
However, the ocean itself, as Discover Magazine noted, is heating up 40 percent faster on average than the
United Nations 38 （believe） five years ago. That means if the ocean temperatures increase 39
this speed, the high water temperatures “will kill off marine ecosystems, raise sea 40 (level) and make
hurricanes more destructive （破坏性的）”, the Guardian reported.
【答案】
31. Seen 32. slowing 33. an 34. as 35. that/ which 36. is absorbed 37. faster 38.
believed 39. at 40. levels
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋的重要性。
31. 考查过去分词做状语。句意：从外太空看，地球是一个蓝色星球。此处为非谓语动词作时间状语，
see与主句主语Earth构成动宾关系，因此应用过去分词形式表被动。故填Seen。
32. 考查动名词做宾语。句意：根据一篇发表在科学杂志上的新研究表明，海洋在减缓全球变暖方面扮演
着重要角色。空前为介词in, 因此应用动名词做宾语。故填slowing。
33. 考查冠词。句意：正如纽约时报所说：“它是一个重要的缓冲物”。此处buffer（缓冲物）为可数名
词单数，故填an。34. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如纽约时报所说：“它是一个重要的缓冲物”。as在这里是一个连
词,引导非限定性定语从句,修饰前面的整句话，as意为“正如，就像”。故填as。
35. 考查定语从句。句意：海洋可以吸收人类排放的温室气体所困住的93%的热量。此处为that/ which引
导的定语从句，修试先行词he greenhouse gases，且在从句中作release的宾语。故填that/ which。
36. 考查被动语态。句意：另外7%的热量被大气，陆地和冰盖所吸收。根据句意以可知此处应用被动语
态。故填is absorbed。
37. 考查比较级。句意：如果海洋没有吸收大量的热量，陆地表面会比现在变热的速度快的多。根据后面
的than可知应用比较级。故填faster。
38. 考查一般过去时。句意：然而，正如Discover Magazine所说，海洋本身变热的速度比五年前联合国
认为的那样快了40%。根据时间状语five years ago可知应用一般过去时。故填believed。
39. 考查介词。句意：如果海洋以这个速度变暖，那么高水温会消灭海洋生态系统，提高海平面，并使飓
风更具破坏性。At a…speed以…的速度。故填at。
40. 考查名词单复数。句意：如果海洋以这个速度变暖，那么高水温会消灭海洋生态系统，提高海平面，
并使飓风更具破坏性。当指大面积的海平面升高时，sea level常用复数。故填levels。
5
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 41 （grow）
more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 42 past 25 years, while rice
has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is 43 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed
chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn
instead of rice 44 (improve) water quality. Corn uses 45 (little) water than rice and creates
less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 46 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and
reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 47 (globe)fertilizer
consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 48
(start) a soil-testing program 49 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011,
fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon
dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 50 (feed) its citizens "offers useful
lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【答案】
41. has grown 42. the 43. actually 44. to improve 45. less 46. pollution 47. global48. started 49. that/which 50. feeding
【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国采取了什么措施既能保证粮食的供给又能减少化肥的使用，以保
护环境。
41. 考查时态。句意：自2011年起，中国种植的麦子多于水稻。分析句子可知since表示“自…以来”，
句子需要用现在完成时，且主语China“中国”为单数。故填has grown。
42. 考查定冠词。句意：麦子的产量在过去的25年激增百分之一百二十五，而水稻的产量只增加了百分
之七。因为这25年特指从过去到现在的25年，故需要用定冠词表特指。故填the。
43. 考查副词。句意：这一变化的背后实际上是对肉类的喜爱。根据句子结构可知此处用副词修饰介词短
语behind the change。故填actually。
44. 考查不定式。句意：为了提高水质，政府鼓励农户种植小麦而不是水稻。分子句子可知此处用不定式
作目的状语，表明政府鼓励种植小麦的目的是提升水质。故填to improve。
45. 考查形容词比较级。句意：麦子使用的水量比水稻少、而且造成的化肥径流更少。根据句子结构，后
文的than“比”是比的标志，故应用little的比较级。故填less。
46. 考查名词。句意：这一转变使得国内的主要湖泊和蓄水池的污染减少，使饮用水更加安全。分析句子
可知decreased“减少”后需接宾语，故改动词pollute为名词，不可数，故填pollution。
47. 考查形容词。句意：根据世界银行的统计，中国大概占据了全球化肥消耗量的百分之三十。分析句子
可知globe“全球”此处作定语修饰后面的名词词组fertilizer consumption“化肥消耗量”，故用形容词形式，
意为“全球的”。故填global。
48. 考查时态。句意：中国农业部发现2005至2011年间，化肥使用减少了7.7吨，2005年政府发起了一
个土壤测试项目，给农民推荐了一些特定的化肥。分析句子可知政府2005年发起这一土壤检测项目，故
谓语动词用一般过去时。故填started。
49. 考查定语从句。句意：中国农业部发现2005至2011年间，化肥使用减少了770万吨，2005年政府发
起了一个土壤测试项目，给农民推荐了一些特定的化肥。分析句子可知program“项目”后是一个定语从
句修饰先行词program，因为先行词是物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which引导。故填
that/which。
50. 考查现在分词。句意：中国保护环境，同时又养活了人民的方法给全世界的农业和粮食政策制定者上
了有用的一课。分析句子可知while后其实是一个时间状语从句，即while it is feeding its citizens“当它在
喂养它的人民时”，表示伴随protect“保护”同时发生的动作，现在分词可用于表示伴随的动作。故填
feeding。
6
This book is about 51 (die), but it is not pessimistic. Indeed, it was a pleasant surprise 52
(find) that this book is filled 53 joy and hope. Morrie's 54 (brave) towards the end of his lifeis inspirational and has made me value my own life more. In fact, far from being a book about death, it's a book
about life. 55 Morrie says, “Once you learn how to die, you learn how 56 (live).” As Morrie
knows that he is soon going to die, he observes everything as if it is new. The things around him look even 57
(beautiful) than ever before and hold new 58 (mean). From his window, he watches each season
change, 59 (know) it could be his last. This encourages us to appreciate 60 we have, and
to make the most of each day.
【答案】
51. dying 52. to find 53. with 54. bravery 55. As 56. to live 57. more beautiful
58. meanings 59. knowing 60. what
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一本书并表达了自己的感想。
51. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书是关于死亡的，但并不悲观。位于介词about后面需用动名词作宾语。
故填dying。
52. 考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，这本书充满了快乐和希望，这是一个令人惊喜的发现。It为形式主
语，空处需填动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to find。
53. 考查介词。句意同上。be filled with为固定短语，意为“充满”。故填with。
54. 考查名词。句意：莫里临终前的勇敢鼓舞了我，让我更加珍惜自己的生命。Morrie's为名词所有格，
空处需填名词bravery，此处表抽象概念，不可数。故填bravery。
55. 考查定语从句。句意：正如莫里所说，“一旦你学会了如何死亡，你就学会了如何生活。”空处引导
非限制性定语从句，从句缺少宾语，指代后面的句子，先行词表示“正如”，需用关系代词as引导。位
于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。
56. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。“how+to do”为固定用法，空处需填动词不定式。故填to live。
57. 考查形容词比较级。句意：他周围的事物看起来比以往任何时候都更加美丽，并具有新的含义。根据
空后的“than”可知，此处需填形容词比较级。故填more beautiful。
58. 考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词作宾语，此处需填名词meaning，此处表示泛指，且没有关系限
定，需填名词复数形式。故填meanings。
59. 考查非谓语动词。句意：从他的窗口，他看着每一季的变化，知道这可能是他的最后一季。分析句子
结构可知，已有谓语动词watches，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，he和know为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在
分词形式。故填knowing。
60. 考查宾语从句。句意：这鼓励我们珍惜我们所拥有的，并充分利用每一天。空处引导宾语从句，从句
缺少宾语，需用关系代词what引导，指代“我们所拥有的东西”。故填what。
7
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。The cave dwelling ( Yaodong in Chinese) in Xi’an , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other,
looking like buildings of multiple floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house 61
(dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China.
A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板) 62 (pile) up to
form a semicircle at the entrance, 63 is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a 64
(vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling
65 stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded 66 the symbol of the peasants in
northern part of Shaanxi Province.
The beauty about the cave dwelling is 67 they help maintain local geography and save on
farmlands by 68 (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused . They are warm in
winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter
and 10 degrees Celsius 69 (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave
dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in 70 middle and upper reaches
of the Yellow River.
【答案】
61. dug 62. are piled 63. which 64. variety 65. and 66. as 67. that 68. making
69. lower 70. the
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了延安窑洞的地理位置、建筑风格及给当地居民生活带来的益处。
61. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一种颇具特点在山里挖出的洞屋，用作西北黄土高原农民工的栖息之地。
句中存在be动词is，横线上应使用非谓语动词，house与dig之间为被动关系，使用过去分词dug。故填
dug。
62. 考查被动语态。句意：厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆，入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗
户。通过分析句子结构可知，主句为“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the
entrance”，主句中存在不定式to form，stonelabs与pile之间为被动关系，且stonelabs为复数，因此横线
上需填入被动语态形式are piled。故填are piled。
63. 考查定语从句。句意：厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆，入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗
户。通过分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为横线前的一句话，在从句中作主语，应填入关
系代词which。故填which。
64. 考查固定搭配。句意：入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。通过语境翻译可知，此处表
述意为“各式各样的”，a variety of意为“各种各样的”，切合题意。故填variety。
65. 考查连词。句意：窑洞的类型分为土溶洞、砖溶洞和石溶洞。通过翻译可知，stone dwelling与earth
cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互为并列关系，应使用并列连词and。故填and。66. 考查固定搭配。句意：几个世纪以来，它们一直被视为陕西省北部农民的象征。动词短语be regarded
as意为“被视为”，切合题意。故填as。
67. 考查表语从句。句意：窑洞之美在于它们有助于保持当地的地理情况。通过分析句子结构可知此句为
表语从句，且从句中不缺少任何成分应使用关系代词that引导。故填that。
68. 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过利用原本闲置的空间来节约耕地。介词by后接名词，题中所给词性为
动词make，因此需使用make的动名词形式making。故填making。
69. 考查形容词比较级。句意：室内温度通常比冬天室外高13摄氏度，比夏天室外低10摄氏度。通过语
境翻译可知，横线处意为“比…低”，使用low的比较级lower。故填lower。
70. 考查冠词。句意：据统计，黄河中上游地区约有4000万人居住在窑洞中，窑洞面积约60万平方公里
分布于黄河中上游地区。“in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地点状语，表示特
指中上游地带，应使用定冠词the。故填the。
8
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Six weeks before his 97th birthday, Giuseppe Paternò fulfilled the dream of a lifetime: He 71 (get)
a university degree.
Mr. Paternò’s 72 (graduate) has inspired news reports around the world, partly because 73
his age. But he has also drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment, a theme that has resonated
(产生共鸣) as millions of schoolchildren in Italy and elsewhere face extraordinary uncertainty during the
coronavirus pandemic.
Born in Palermo in 1923, the first of seven children in a “ very poor family ” , Mr. Paternò began working
soon after 74 (finish) elementary school. It was only after he retired, in the mid-1980s, that he returned
to his books.
“ His story proves that dreams can come true and that you can remain young — if not in age at least in spirit
— if you develop interests. ” said Rosella Cancila, his essay adviser and 75 professor of history at the
University of Palermo.
Italy’s university system is based on a three-year degree, 76 (follow) by a two-year master’s
course. University officials are hoping that Mr. Paternò 77 (continue) his studies.
He isn’t so sure. “ I have to admit that in this moment, I don’t know 78 I would handle it with the
same spirit. ” he said, noting that all the attention had been a bit tiring. Still, Mr. Paternò said, he would 79
(probable) register anyway. “ I want to keep my 80 (choice) open. ”
【答案】
71. got 72. graduation 73. of 74. finishing 75. a 76. followed 77. will continue78. whether / if 79. probably 80. choices
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了朱塞佩·帕特诺先生在97岁生日前获得了大学学位，并因此
引起了较大关注。
71. 考查动词时态。句意：在他97岁生日前六周，朱塞佩·帕特诺实现了他一生的梦想：他获得了大学学
位。分析句子结构及空前人称代词可知，设空处应用动词作谓语。此处陈述过去发生的事情，句子时态
为一般过去时，应用动词过去式。get是动词，意为“获得”，其过去式为got。故填got。
72. 考查名词。句意：帕特诺先生的毕业激发了世界各地的新闻报道，部分是由于他的年龄。根据空前名
词所有格Mr. Paternò’s可知，设空处应用名词作主语。graduate是动词，意为“毕业”，其名词形式是
graduation。故填graduation。
73. 考查介词及固定搭配。句意：帕特诺先生的毕业激发了世界各地的新闻报道，部分是由于他的年龄。
根据空后名词his age可知，设空处应用介词。because of是固定搭配，意为“由于”，后面接名词。故填
of。
74. 考查非谓语动词。句意：帕特诺先生于1923年出生于巴勒莫，是一个“非常贫穷的家庭”中七个孩
子中的老大，他在小学毕业后不久就开始工作了。根据空前介词after可知，设空处应用动名词形式。故
填finishing。
75. 考查冠词。句意：“他的故事可以证明，梦想可以成真，如果你培养兴趣，你可以保持年轻——如果
不是年龄，至少在精神上。”他的论文导师、巴勒莫大学历史学教授罗塞拉·坎西拉说。根据空后名词
professor可知，设空处应用冠词。此处表示泛指，且以辅音音素发音，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
76. 考查非谓语动词。句意：意大利的大学系统基于三年制学士学位，然后是两年制硕士课程。分析句子
结构可知，设空处为非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语degree之间的逻辑关系为被动，应用过去分词作后置定
语。故填followed。
77. 考查动词时态。句意：学校的负责人们希望帕特诺先生继续他的学业。分析句子结构可知，设空处应
用动词作谓语。根据上文“University officials are hoping that”可知，句子时态为一般将来时。故用will
continue。
78. 考查宾语从句。句意：“我不得不承认，在这一刻，我不知道是否我会以同样的精神来处理它，”他
说，并指出最近的关注让自己有些疲惫。根据空前动词don’t know可知，设空处应用连词引导宾语从句。
结合句意，句中缺乏“是否”之意，帕特诺先生不确定是否会以同样的精神处理事情。故填whether或
if。
79. 考查副词。句意：不过，帕特诺先生说，无论如何，他都会可能入学。分析句子结构，设空处应用副
词修饰动词register。故填probably。
80. 考查名词复数。句意：我想要保留选择的余地。结合句意，此处表达的选择不仅只有一个，应用名词
复数形式。故填choices。9
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Su Bingtian of China set a new Asian record when he clocked 9. 83 seconds in the men's 100-meter sprint
（短跑）semifinal at the 2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics. Though he only ranked sixth in the final, he recorded a
81 （respect）9.98 seconds.0.18 seconds behind the winner Lamont Marcell Jacobs of Italy.
Besides 82 （set）the shortest time record for Asia, Su is also the first Chinese 83
（make）it to the men's 100-meter Olympic final. He has done remarkably well. Considering that at 32, he is
much older than his 84 （competitor）who are mostly in 85 （they）20s or even younger.
Also, his 172 centimeter height is not 86 one would call a dream height for a sprinter.
The spirit and motto of Olympics inspired Su 87 （true）, who continued even though most of
his teammates retire by the time they turn 28. Su and other athletes are further proof of China's arrival in sports.
When Chinese athlete Liu Changchun participated in the men's 100-meter and 200-meter events at the 1932 Los
Angeles Olympics, the entire Chinese team 88 （consist）of just 6 persons, and Liu had to rely 89
donation from local Chinese-Americans to pay for his return fare.
For the moment, the days have passed when China was 90 extremely weak sports country, and we
hope Chinese sportsmen realize more glorious achievements in the days to come.
【答案】
81. respectable 82. setting 83. to make 84. competitors 85. their 86. what 87. truly
88. consisted 89. on 90. an
【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了2020年东京奥运会100米短跑半决赛中，中国选手苏炳添以9.83
秒的成绩刷新了亚洲纪录。
81. 考查形容词。句意;尽管他在决赛中只排名第六，但他以值得人尊敬的9.98秒的成绩落后冠军意大利
选手拉蒙特·马塞尔·雅各布斯0.18秒。此空处需要一个形容词作定语来修饰9.98 seconds，表示“值得尊
敬的”。故填respectable。
82. 考查非谓语。句意：除了创造了亚洲最短时间纪录外，苏炳添也是第一个进入奥运会男子100米决赛
的中国人。besides在此处是“出……之外”是介词，介词后跟动名词，故填setting。
83. 考查非谓语。句意：除了创造了亚洲最短时间纪录外，苏炳添也是第一个进入奥运会男子100米决赛
的中国人。被序数词修饰的名词，需用不定式作定语。故填to make。
84. 考查名词。句意：与20多岁甚至更年轻的竞争对手相比，32岁的他的年龄要大得多。competitor是可
数名词，再由下文的非限制性定语从句中的are可知，competitor要用其复数。故填competitors。
85. 考查代词。句意：与20多岁甚至更年轻的竞争对手相比，32岁的他的年龄要大得多。固定搭配“in
one's +整十的序数词的复数”译为：在某人几十岁的时候。故填their。86. 考查表语从句。句意：此外，他172厘米的身高也不是一个短跑运动员梦寐以求的身高。分析句子可
知，be动词is后需接连接词引导表语从句，从句谓语动词call后缺少宾语，需用连接代词代指身高，故
填what。
87. 考查副词。句意：奥运会的精神和格言真正激励了苏炳添，尽管他的大多数队友在28岁时就退役了，
他还是坚持了下来。inspired是动词，需要用副词来修饰，true是形容词其副词形式是truly。故填truly。
88. 考查一般过去时。句意:1932年洛杉矶奥运会上，中国运动员刘长春参加男子100米和200米比赛时，
整个中国队只有6人，刘长春不得不依靠当地华裔美国人的捐款支付往返机票。分析句子可知，主句中
缺少谓语，根据“at the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics ”可知，讲述的又是过去的事情，故应用一般过去时。
故填consisted。
89. 考查冠词。句意:1932年洛杉矶奥运会上，中国运动员刘长春参加男子100米和200米比赛时，整个
中国队只有6人，刘长春不得不依靠当地华裔美国人的捐款支付往返机票。rely on 译为：依靠；依赖。
故填on。
90. 考查冠词。句意：目前，中国是一个体育弱国的日子已经过去了，我们希望中国运动员在未来的日子
里取得更辉煌的成就。country是可数名词，泛指“一个体育弱国”，extremely是元音音素开头的单词。
故填an。
10
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has once again proved its 91 (able) to change the world with the “new four great
inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. They’re related to
China’s high-tech innovation (创新), 92 has improved the quality of people’s lives, according to a
survey 93 (make) by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.
“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,” said
94 university student, adding that “even pancake sellers are using mobile payment”.
The bikes 95 (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing 96 (base) on
satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies.
China has entered a new innovative era, thanks to the large amounts of capital China has invested in 97
(encourage) innovation, said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO Representative in China.
It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is especially true
in mobile, where China is leading 98 many ways such as…social messaging app WeChat, she said. This
is partly 99 China skipped over the PC era and went directly to mobile. China has a 100
(large) mobile use than any other country in the world.
【答案】91. ability 92. which 93. made 94. a 95. themselves 96. is based 97. encouraging
98. in 99. because 100. larger
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国改变世界的"新四大发明"：高速铁路、电子支付、共享自
行车，和在线购物。
91. 考查名词。句意：中国通过“新四大发明”——高速铁路、电子支付、共享单车和网上购物——再次
证明了自己改变世界的能力。根据上文its为形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填ability。
92. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：据北京外国语大学“一带一路”研究院的一项调查显示，这与中国的
高科技创新有关，科技创新提高了人们的生活质量。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词innovation，为
物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导。
93. 考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故make只能做非谓语动词。且和逻辑主
语survey 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。
94. 考查冠词。句意：“我的钱包不用了。一名大学生说，他还补充说，“甚至卖煎饼的人也在使用移动
支付。”student为可数名词，此处表示泛指一个学生，故填不定冠词a。
95. 考查反身代词。句意：自行车本身并不新鲜，但共享单车的运营模式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、
大数据等高科技。本句为反身代词做同位语，指复数名词the bikes，所以用 themselves。
96. 考查动词时态语态。base 和句子主语之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is
based。
97. 考查非谓语动词。句意：世界卫生组织驻华代表Bernhard Schwartlander表示，由于中国在鼓励创新方
面投入了大量资金，中国已进入一个新的创新时代。介词 in 后跟动名词作宾语，故填encouraging。
98. 考查固定搭配。句意：她说，在移动领域尤其如此，中国在很多方面都处于领先地位，比如社交通讯
应用微信。短语in many ways “在许多方面”介词用in。故填in。
99. 考查连接词。句意：部分原因是中国跳过了PC时代，直接进入了移动领域。本句为because引导的
原因状语从句，故填because。
100. 考查形容词比较级。句意：中国的手机用户比世界上任何其他国家都多。根据下文than可知应用形
容词比较级，故填larger。
11
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was pushed into writing the “top ten problems the young face” after I attended a school programme, where I
had the opportunity to interact with many 101 (teenage). Each conversation was only adding one more
item to the list of problems.
About two 102 (three) of girls in year nine to year twelve “worry about their appearance” . While
there were no gender differences in worries about school, girls are 103 (anxiety) about getting alongwith parents and what to do when they are older. Girls are 104 (prove) to worry more about personal
problems and romantic relationship, and are more 105 (concern) about their own images in peer group.
In fact, the only thing 106 boys worry about more than girls is succeeding in their physical activities.
107 parents need to do is to look at ways to help teens and take 108 (responsible) for
what we are exposing our teens to right now. We cannot afford 109 (ignore) the parental duties of
bringing them up well from the time they are young. Televisions, computers and other gadgets that they spend
most of the time 110 cannot give them a bright future.
【答案】
101. teenagers 102. thirds 103. anxious 104. proven 105. concerned 106. that 107.
What 108. responsibility 109. to ignore 110. on
【解析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了青少年所面临的一些问题并提出了解决的方法。
101. 考查名词的数。句意：在参加一个学校项目后，我被迫写下了“青年人面临的十大问题”，在那里
我有机会与许多青少年互动。根据空前的many可知,此处需要填名词的复数，作介词with的宾语。故填
teenagers。
102. 考查数词。句意：大约三分之二的九到十二年级的女孩“担心自己的外表”。“基数词+序数词”是
分数的表达法，当分子大于一时，分母要用序数词的复数。故填thirds。
103. 考查形容词。句意：尽管在对学校的担忧方面没有性别差异，但女孩对与父母相处以及长大后该做
什么感到焦虑。空处应用形容词作be的表语，且be anxious about 意为“对……感到焦虑”符合句意。故
填anxious。
104. 考查被动语态。句意：事实证明女孩更担心个人问题和恋爱关系，更关心自己在同龄人中的形象。
根据句意可知，空处在句中作谓语，且和主语女孩们构成被动关系。故填proven。
105. 考查形容词。句意：事实证明女孩更担心个人问题和恋爱关系，更关心自己在同龄人中的形象。空
处应用形容词作are的表语，且be concerned about 意为“关心”，符合句意。故填concerned。
106. 考查定语从句。句意：事实上，男孩比女孩更担心的唯一的一件事是在体育活动中取得成功。此处
为定语从句，先行词thing在从句中充当宾语，且被the only 修饰， 只能用that引导从句。故填that。
107. 考查主语从句。句意：父母需要的是寻找帮助青少年的方法，并为我们现在让青少年接触到的东西
承担责任。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，在从句中充当do的宾语，且指代事物。故用What。
108. 考查名词。句意：父母需要做的是寻找帮助青少年的方法，并为我们现在让青少年接触到的东西承
担责任。空处作take的宾语，需要用名词形式，且固定搭配take responsibility for意为“对……负责”，
符合句意。故填responsibility。
109. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不能忽视父母的责任，从他们很小的时候就很好的抚养他们。空处作
动afford的宾语，且固定搭配afford to do 意为“支付得起”。故填to ignore。110. 考查介词。句意：电视，电脑和其他他们花费最多时间的电子产品是不能给他们带来光明的未来的。
that指代先行词gadgets在定语从句中作空处的宾语，且固定搭配spend time on意为“在……上花费时
间”，符合句意。故填on。
12
Buy a Gift from History
Gift shops in museums used to be the last stop of each visit, where people would buy souvenirs for
themselves and their friends. But what happened last month when the British Museum opened its online store on
Chinese e-commerce website Tmall says otherwise.
Since its launch on July 1, the store has become so popular 111 some of its items have already sold
out. It’s even more interesting considering the fact 112 many of its customers in China have probably
never been to the museum before.
Perhaps French museum expert Diane Drubay made a good point when she said that gift shops have become
“a point of entry to the museum” 113 being the last place people go after a visit.
But you’re probably still wondering: 114 is it about museum gift shops that makes them so
different?
Each museum product 115 (contain) a small piece of history. For example, in the British Museum
store there are different kinds of sticky tape 116 (print) with patterns inspired by the famous Rosetta
Stone. Known as the “key to ancient Egyptian writing”, the stone 117 (discover) in 1799, and contains
an inscription(碑铭) that helped historians better understand some of the most mysterious Egyptian scripts.
And with the design 118 (evolve) over the years, museum products are no longer limited to
exhibition catalogs on the bookshelf or duplicates(复制品) of famous paintings to be hung on the wall. They now
mean items that we can put to use every day—glasses, jewelry, cushion covers— 119 means we’re able
to not only “own” a piece of history, but also hold it in our hands, wear it on our neck, or even sleep on it.
Indeed, museum shops are no longer just about selling things, as US museum store consultant Geoff Walsky
once told Gift Shop Magazine, “A great museum gift shop is an extension of the museum 120 .”
【答案】
111. that 112. that 113. instead of/ rather than 114. what 115. contains 116. printed
117. was discovered 118. evolving 119. which 120. itself
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了现实生活中人们在博物馆礼品店的做法及博物馆礼品店应该体现的
作用。
111. 考查结果状语从句。句意：自7月1日开业以来，这家店变得非常受欢迎，以至于其中一些商品已
经售罄。根据句义以及题干中的“so popular（如此受欢迎）”以及下文句子“some of its items havealready sold out.（一些商品已被售空）”可知，此处由连词that引导的结果状语从句；“so…that…”意为
“如此….以至”。故填that。
112. 考查同位语从句。句意：考虑到许多中国客户可能从未来过这家博物馆的事实，甚至更令人感兴趣。
根据设空处后句“many of its customers in China have probably never been to the museum before.（许多中国
客户可能从未来过这家博物馆）”可知，这一句在解释空前fact（事实）这一内容，即同位语从句，从句
句意完整，成分齐全，应使用连词that。故填that。
113. 考查介词短语。句意：礼品店已经成为“进入博物馆的一个入口”，而不是人们参观完后最后去的
地方。根据“a point of entry to the museum（了解博物馆的第一站）”以及空后“being the last place people
go after a visit.（成为旅游之后的最后一站）”可知，博物馆礼品店的两种完全不同的作用，两者是转折
关系。故填instead of/ rather than。
114. 考查特殊疑问词和强调句型。句意：博物馆礼品店到底有什么与众不同之处？根据句式结构分析，
可知此句中“It is……that…”为强调句结构，强调内容为makes的主语，根据“But you’re probably still
wondering:（但你可能还在想）”可知，主语应使用疑问词what。故填what。
115. 考查一般现在时。句意：每件博物馆产品都包含了一小段历史。根据句子分析可知，此处是句子的
谓语动词，陈述的事实，需使用一般现在时，主语为each museum product是单数名词，所以应使用第三
人称单数。故填contains。
116. 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在大英博物馆的商店里，有各种各样的印有图案的胶带，这些图案
的灵感来自于著名的罗塞塔石碑。根据句式结构分析可知，句子中are 为谓语动词，因此此处print为非
谓语动词，在句中作定语，修饰tape，因tape与print是被动关系，所以应使用过去分词的形式。故填
printed。
117. 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：被称为“古埃及文字的钥匙”，这块石头是在1799年发现的，
并包含一个碑铭，帮助历史学家更好地理解一些最神秘的埃及文字。根据下文“and contains an
inscription(碑铭) that helped historians better understand some of the most mysterious Egyptian scripts.（并且包
含一个碑铭帮助历史学家更好地理解一些最神秘的埃及脚本）”可知，and连接两个并列句。因此此处是
谓语动词，根据时间状语“in 1799（在1799年）”可知，动作发生在过去，由于主语the stone与动词
discover是被动关系，因此应使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语the stone是单数，谓语动词用单数。故
填was discovered。
118. 考查非谓语独立主格。句意：随着几年来设计的不断演变，博物馆产品不再局限于展览书架上展品
目录或墙上的名画复制品。根据句式结构分析可知，句子的谓语为are，因此with结构中的evolve为非谓
语的独立主格。因为the design与evolve是主动关系，所以应该使用动词的现在分词形式evolving，故填
evolving。119. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：它们现在指的是我们每天都可以使用的东西——眼镜、珠宝、坐垫
套—这意味着我们不仅能够“拥有”一段历史。根据句式结构分析可知，此处连词引导非限制性定语从
句。先行词为句子“They now mean items that we can put to use every day—glasses, jewelry, cushion covers
（它们现在指的是我们每天都能用的东西——眼镜、珠宝、坐垫套）”，从句中缺少主语，应使用
which。故填which。
120. 考查不定代词。句意：一个伟大的博物馆礼品店是博物馆本身的延伸。根据句意可知，此处作者想
强调博物馆礼品店应该是作为历史或展品的传承，而不仅仅是购买礼品。故填itself。
13
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
After eating a diet of bread, hamburgers and spaghetti for three 121 (month), I began to miss Chinese
food.Luckily, in 122 international city like New York, I have little difficulty 123 (find) a Chinese
restaurant.However, the Chinese food, which the locals consider 124 their favorite, is not exactly the
Chinese food I enjoy in Beijing.I can always find such so-called “Chinese food” as honey chicken on the menu,
125 I actually have never even heard of it before.
One day, I went to a Chinese restaurant with my local friends.After the meal, each of us 126 (give) a
dumpling-shaped cookie.Once I bit into it, I realized something not quite right.I found a piece of paper with a
message that read, “This fortune’s no good, try another.” At first I 127 (think) it must be a trick of the
restaurant.When I told this to my friends, they burst into 128 (laugh) and asked, “Are you really from
China?”
But it doesn’t mean there is no place in New York where I can satisfy my stomach.I always head to China
Town when I 129 (extreme) miss the food of my homeland.Following the hot and spicy smell, I can always
find the most typical(典型的) Chinese food 130 excites me in the city.
【答案】
121. months 122. an 123. finding 124. as 125. but 126. was given 127. thought
128. laughter 129. extremely 130. that
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在无法忍受外国饭菜之后，寻找中国食物的历程和其中发生的
趣事。
121. 考查可数名词单复数。句意：在吃了三个月的面包、汉堡包和意大利面之后，我开始想念中国菜。
根据句意，三个月是复数，应使用名词的复数形式。故填months。
122. 考查不定冠词。句意：幸运的是，在纽约这样的国际城市，我很容易找到一家中国餐馆。此处泛指
纽约这个城市，没有特指的意思，故使用不定冠词。又因后面的internnational为元音开头。故填an。
123. 考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，在纽约这样的国际城市，我很容易找到一家中国餐馆。此句的谓语为have，have difficulty （in） doing sth.为固定搭配，意为：“做某事有困难”。使用动名词形式作
宾语，find的现在分词形式为finding。故填finding。
124. 考查固定搭配。句意：然而，中国菜，当地人认为是他们最喜欢的，并不是我在北京吃的中国菜。
consider as为固定搭配，意为“认为……是……”。故填as。
125. 考查连词。句意：我总是能在菜单上找到这种所谓的“中国菜”，如蜂蜜鸡，但我以前从来没有听
说过。根据句意，前文作者提到这些所谓的中国菜，下文提到作者其实并没有见过，此处有转折对比的
意思。故填but。
126. 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：饭后，我们每人都给了一个饺子形状的饼干。我咬了一口，我
意识到有点不对劲。饼干是别人给我们的，故应使用被动态，又因为此事发生在过去，故应使用被动态
的一般过去时，又因是每一个人，应使用单数第三人称。故填was given。
127. 考查一般过去时。句意：一开始我以为这一定是餐馆的把戏。整篇文章在讲述一个过去发生的经历，
文章的时态基调是过去时，此处无特殊情况。故填thought。
128. 考查固定搭配。句意：他们突然大笑起来，问道：”你真的是中国人吗？，此处的笑是与前面他们
没笑作比较。且burst into laughter为固定搭配，意为“突然大笑”。故填laughter。
129. 考查副词。句意：当我极度想念我家乡的食物时，我总是去中国城。此处extreme修饰miss，miss
为动词，修饰动词使用副词，extreme的副词形式为extremely。故填extremely。
130. 考查定语从句。句意：在热辣的味道下，我总能找到令我兴奋的最典型的中国食物。此句是that引
导的定语从句，先行词为food，从句谓语为excite，宾语为me，缺少主语，此处指代“food”为物。又当
先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”。故填that。
14
Hard Labour
When James returned from the hospital after the birth of his son, he was surprised to find a bottle of whisky
and some cans of beer on his doorstep. The mystery was soon solved. Under covid-19 rules, James was allowed
into the hospital 131 his partner Annie was due to give birth only once active labour had begun.
Thirty-six hours after 132 (admit)for an induction(生产), Annie found herself on a delivery ward
in the early hours of the morning desperately trying to wake up her sleeping husband by phone. When that failed,
she resorted to ordering a delivery from a local store in the hope 133 the doorbell would prove more
effective. In the event, he woke before the booze arrived.
James made it to the hospital on time and all went well. 134 have not been so lucky. “I’ve heard
real horror stories of what women have had to face alone, 135 it’s awful news at a scan or going
through a difficult birth 136 your partner there,” says Joeli Brearley of Pregnant Then Screwed, a
campaign group. As Britain locked down in March, hospitals limited the number of visitors allowed on theirpremises(场所). Non-essential retail reopened in June, followed by pubs and restaurants in July, but tight
restrictions 137 (remain)in place so far limiting access to maternity services and post-birth visits by
new fathers. A petition(请愿书)calling for the rules 138 (loosen)across Britain has received over
440,000 signatures and the backing of 60 MPs.
The Royal College of Midwives, a trade union and professional body, acknowledges that “the support of a
partner during scans and labour is important”, but argues that restricting access to some services means that
“maternity teams 139 continue to deliver good-quality, safe care, protecting pregnant women and the
midwives who care for them.” Others are 140 (convinced). “It’s important to remember that the
vast majority of birth partners live with the woman giving birth,” says Jeremy Davies of the Fatherhood Institute,
a think-tank. Evidence suggests the presence of partners leads to better medical outcomes, partly because it
reduces stress and anxiety during birth.
【答案】
131. where 132. being admitted 133. that 134. Others 135. whether 136. without
137. have remained 138. to be loosened 139. can 140. less convinced
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由于疫情影响，产妇们的分娩变得异常的辛苦。但是太多的医
院阻止伴侣参加产科服务。
131. 考查定语从句。句意：根据新冠肺炎的规定，只有在分娩开始后，詹姆斯才被允许进入他的伴侣安
妮即将分娩的医院。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the hospital，在定语从句中作为状语，故填where。
132. 考查非谓语动词。句意：入院接受引产36小时后，安妮发现自己凌晨在产房里拼命想通过电话叫醒
熟睡的丈夫。逻辑主语Annie与动词admit之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态be admitted，且位于介词
after之后，应该用动名词形式，故填being admitted。
133. 考查同位语从句。句意：当这一切失败后，她只好从当地一家商店订购快递，希望门铃能更有效。
此处的连词在从句中不做成分，但是起着连接句子的作用，故填that。
134. 考查代词。句意：其他人就没有这么幸运了。此处填入的词语在句子中作为主语，且表示“其他
人”的含义，故填Others。
135. 考查连词。句意：运动组织“先孕后拧”的Joeli Brearley说：“我听说过女性不得不独自面对的真
实恐怖故事，无论是扫描时的可怕消息，还是在没有伴侣的情况下艰难分娩。”根据后面or可知，这里
是whether…or…表示“无论......还是......”，故填whether。
136. 考查介词。句意：运动组织“先孕后拧”的Joeli Brearley说：“我听说过女性不得不独自面对的真
实恐怖故事，无论是扫描时的可怕消息，还是在没有伴侣的情况下艰难分娩。” your partner在句中作为
介词宾语，前面应该填入介词，且表示“没有”，”故填without。
137. 考查时态。句意：非必需品零售业于6月重新开放，随后酒吧和餐馆于7月重新开放。但到目前为止，仍有严格的限制措施，限制了新父亲获得产妇服务和产后探访。根据时间状语so far可知，此句应该
用现在完成时，主语是restrictions，故填have remained。
138. 考查非谓语动词。句意：一份呼吁在英国各地放宽规定的请愿书已经获得了超过44万人的签名和60
名议员的支持。Call for sth.常加不定式to do，且此处表示被动的含义，则应该用to do的被动形式，故填
to be loosened。
139. 考查情态动词。句意：工会和专业机构皇家助产士学院承认，“在扫描和分娩过程中，伴侣的支持
很重要”，但认为限制获得某些服务意味着“产科团队可以继续提供高质量、安全的护理，保护孕妇和
照顾她们的助产士。”此处的动词continue用的是其原形，前面应该用情态动词，且表示“能”，故填
can。
140. 考查形容词比较级。句意：其他人则不太相信。主语与动词convince之间是被动关系，应该用被动
语态，且此处表示“不太相信”，则less来修饰convinced，故填less convinced。
