10 特殊句式考查要点及应对策略
【考点精析】
考点1 祈使句
祈使句表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,
实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下3种类型:
1.行为动词原形+其他成分
In any unsafe situation, simply press the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.在任何
不安全的情况下,只要按下按钮,一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。
2.Be动词+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)
Be careful to avoid being subjective and one-sided.
切忌主观片面。
3.Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分
Let Tom go there himself.让汤姆自己去那里。
祈使句的否定句式,通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never。
Don’t swim in the river.别在河里游泳。
Never answer the phone while driving.
决不在开车时接电话。
考点2 感叹句
感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。大多数感叹句是由 what和how引导的,其句型
结构为“What(或How)+感叹部分+主语+谓语!”。也有少量其他形式的感叹句,常见的有:
1.What感叹句
What作定语,修饰名词,其感叹句句型结构:
(1)What+a(n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:
What an apple this is!
(2)What+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:
What an interesting story it is!
(3)What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!如:
What honest children they are!
What important water it is!
2.How感叹句
How作状语,修饰形容词、副词和动词,其感叹句句型结构:(1)How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!如:
How beautiful the city is!
How hard the workers are working!
(2)How+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:
How interesting a story it is!
(3)How+主语+谓语!如:
How time flies!
考点3 倒装
1.部分倒装
(1)将含有否定意义的副词、介词短语或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装。这类词(组)有:never、 seldom、
rarely、 hardly、 little、 few、 at no time、 by no means、 no longer、 hardly/scarcely...when...、 no
sooner...than...、 not only...but also...、 not until、 nowhere、 neither...nor...等。
The Internet is one of the ways these feelings are conveyed and perhaps never before has it served so much to
connect different peoples and nations.
互联网是传达这些情感的一种方式,或许它从未如此有效地将不同的民族和国家联系起来。
The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.这位教授
警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。
(2)“only+状语”置于句首时, 主句要进行部分倒装。
Only then did we realize there was an earthquake. I was too frightened to move.
只有在那时我们才意识到发生了地震。我太害怕了以至于一动不动。
Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors
in reaching goals.
只有在和两个学生交谈之后我才发觉拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素之一。
注意：①若only修饰主语,句子不倒装;
②only+状语从句位于句首时,主句倒装,从句不倒装;
③构成部分倒装结构时,如果谓语部分无情态动词或be动词,则需要找助动词来帮助构成倒装句。
Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
(3)so/such...that...结构中的so/ such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要用部分倒装结构。
So touching did the song sound that I couldn’t hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time.
这首歌听起来如此令人感动以至于我第一次听到它时就忍不住流下眼泪。
(4)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时,用倒装结构“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so
表示肯定意义, neither/nor表示否定意义)。
None of us were familiar with planting, and nor did we know how to use gardening tools.我们都不熟悉种植,也不知道如何使用园艺工具。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
汤姆会说法语。杰克也会(说法语)。
(5)as引导让步状语从句时,状语从句必须部分倒装;though引导让步状语从句时,从句可部分倒装,也可不倒
装。
One has reason to believe that China’s anti-corruption campaign over the past few years, tough as/though it is,
has achieved inspiring progress.
有理由相信在过去的几年里,中国的反腐行动取得了令人鼓舞的成就,虽然这个行动很艰难。
(6)在非真实条件句中,if省略时,助动词had, were, should要提到主语前面。
Were it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.要不是老师们的支持,
这个学生是不能克服她的困难的。
2.全部倒装
当here、 there、 now、 then、 out、in、 up、 down、 away、 on the wall、 in the room等表示地点、
时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首, 且句子主语是名词时, 句子用全部倒装。
Up into the blue sky flew the bird when we passed by its nest.
当我们经过它的鸟巢时,那只鸟飞上了蓝天。
She opened it and took a deep breath. Inside it were two sharp knives.她打开它,深深地吸了一口气。它里面是
两把锋利的刀子。
考点4 强调的两种形式
1.强调句型
(1)强调句型的基本结构: It is/was+被强调的部分+that+句子其他部分.。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾
语、同位语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人, 且作主语时, 引导词也可用who。
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found.
但研究人员发现,最重要的可能是脂肪细胞内部的影响。
注意：强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。
It is our teacher that/who helps us make great progress.
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构: Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他部分?
Was it during the Second World War that he died?他是在第二次世界大战中死的吗?
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构: 特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+句子其他部分?
Where was it that you found your lost pen?
你在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的?
注意：由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时,从句必须使用陈述语序。The question that puzzled them is how it is that they can get rid of the air pollution in the area.
(4)not...until...句型的强调结构:It is/was not until...+that+句子其他部分.
—How long is it since you picked up your badminton training?
—It was not until my finance became better in last December that I started the training.
——自从你重新练习羽毛球有多久了?
——直到去年十二月,我的资金状况好转了,我才开始训练的。
2.强调谓语动词
用助动词do、 does或did来强调谓语动词, 用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中, do还可以用
于祈使句。
Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace.
有些人确实认为核能对世界和平构成了威胁。
注意：强调句型与三大从句的区别
类 型 区 别
强调句型去掉It is/was和that/who之后,句子结构仍然完整,而主语从句却不能
①It is there that accidents often happen.(强调句)
与主语从句
②It is inevitable that English is being accepted as an international language.(主语从
句)
强调句中that没有意义,且不作任何成分,而定语从句中that为关系代词,在从句中充
当主语、宾语或表语
与定语从句
①It is novels that Miss William enjoys reading.(强调句)
②It is a question that needs careful consideration.(定语从句)
强调句型去掉It is/was和that/who后,结构完整,而It is...when...中,it指代时间
与时间状语从句 ①It was at six o’clock that I got up today.(强调句)
②It was six o’clock when I got up today.(时间状语从句)
【特别提示】
语法填空题考法
1.强调句型用于强调陈述句;
2.强调句型用于强调一般疑问句;
3.强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句;
4.强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句用在宾语从句中的语序;
5. 强调句型用于强调not...until...句型。
【真题演练】
1.(2022·浙江高考)It suddenly became very clear to me ____________ lucky I was to be fluent in twolanguages.
2.(2021·全国甲卷) After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it
was time for some action and ____________ better than to ride on a piece of history!
3.(2022·浙江高考)In front of me ____________(be) an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native
language.
4.(2022·北京高考)It is the fitness level of our body ____________ helps us fight these diseases.
5.(2021·全国乙卷)Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone ____________ (be) the days of thousands
standing to watch the match.
【考点精练】
一、完成句子
1. 约翰在汉语方面有了很大进步。他的弟弟也如此。
John has made great progress in Chinese .
2. 他没有参加会议是因为他病了。
because he was ill he didn’t attend the meeting.
3. 当被邀请参加晚宴时,我老是拿不准是否该带礼物。(状语从句的省略)
,I am often unsure whether to bring a present.
4. When what the trip meant to him, the man said it was “ ”.
当被问到这次旅行对他意味着什么时，他说这是他“一生都难以忘怀的经历”。
5. Tom就这个难题的最佳解决方法与数学老师争论。
Tom with the maths teacher on the best method of working out the difficult problem.
6. only a small handful of animals in the world !
世界上只有很少的动物可以那样做!
7. 当你和你的朋友穿同样类型的衣服时，你就是为了穿得和周围人保持一致。
When you wear the same type of clothing that your friends wear, you dress to be
like the people around you.
8. , we can enjoy the beautiful scenery the new looks of the villages and towns.
在沿途旅行中，我们能欣赏美景和村庄、城镇的新面貌。
9. 每天放学后，有很多同学在操场打篮球。
on the playground after school every day.
10. 直到下课之后他才开始教我英语。
It was he began to teach me English.
11. Never ____________________ even if I fail this time.(lose)
即使我这次失败了，我也绝不会灰心。12. we used to have meetings.
过去我们开会就在这间房子里。
13. 他是在雨停的时候出去的。
it stopped raining he went out.
14. 她每天都会喂这只野猫，不管什么天气。（whatever）
She feeds the wild cat every day, .
15. 它独特的风景是如此令人印象深刻,据说它比加拿大的任何其他城市都要美丽。(so...that...句型的倒装
形式)
its unique scenery that it is said to be more beautiful than any other city in Canada.
16. 然而，当我确实对某件事感兴趣的时候，我可能会变得全神贯注。
However, when something me, I could become absorbed.
17. If you don’t sigh up for the competition, .
如果你不报名参加这个比赛, 我也不参加。
18. 对于这件事,不仅教授们有自己的看法,学生们也有自己的看法。
Not only their own ideas about the matter, but the students have theirs, too.
19. 你认为他最近怎么了？
What has happened to him recently?
20. 是你卓越的表现吸引了所有人。
your superb performance appealed to everyone.
21. 我们年轻的日子一去不复返了。(表语置于句首的完全倒装)
when we were young.
22. 在她的左边坐着她的丈夫。
her husband.
23. 他祖父1940年参军，只在抗日战争结束后才回家。
His grandfather joined the army in 1940 and only after the anti-Japan war was over
home.
24. 听到这个好消息，这个男孩儿从椅子上跳了起来。
Hearing the good news, up .
25. 我们生活在一个叫希腊的地方。
We are living in Greece.
26. 他为什么不能来？
that he can't come?
27. 拐角处突然窜出一只猫，把这个孩子吓坏了，就像见到了怪兽一样。Out of the corner , which frightened the little kid as if he .
28. 昨晚直到我回到家妈妈才睡觉。
I got home last night that Mum went to bed.
29. Not until at least thirty seconds had passed , _____________________.
至少过了三十秒钟，她才说出话来。
30. 过马路时，你一定要小心。
, you must be careful.(cross)
31. 如果明天你去的话，我也要去。
If you go tomorrow, .
32. on the square where my parents first met they got married.
我父母是在第一次他们相遇的广场上结的婚。
33. As far as I’m concerned, getting upset about it now.
就我而言,现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
34. (go) are the days when the villages were so quiet and peaceful.
35. Though (defeat), he still felt happy.
36. —Was it by cutting down staff she saved the firm?
-No, it was by improving work efficiency.
37. Two players were out of the game because of (injure).
38. Although (encourage), the team still finds it hard to carry out the experiment within the limited
time.
39. Granny fell asleep when (watch) TV.
40. He was killed while assignment abroad.
41. tired, we felt excited to be able to help others.
42. Oh, look, here (come) my son.
43. The customer choose one of the coats and he went away, satisfied.
44. I hope it will be fine this Sunday. If ,we’ll go for an outing.
45. Most skin cancers are completely curable if (detect) early.
46. Although (do) his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.
47. There (be) growing concern with how that information is being gathered, stored, used and shared.
48. A pitcher needs to throw the ball with one hand and (wear) a baseball glove on the other—
something that Jim couldn’t do.
49. Not only likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes,too.
50. Though (lack) money, his family lived an enjoyable life.
51. Only then she realize how serious the situation had been.
52. It was the girl with black sunglasses knocked down the old man.
53. This isn't as hard as it sounds, and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary
while （read）an interesting piece of literature.
54. The police could not prove he was (concern) with the case, so they had to set him free.
55. While （compete）with her, he hurt his leg.
56. This provides a reminder that it is users’ attitudes shape their experiences on social media.
57. Though (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university for further study.
58. Who was it was seated beside Miss Smith, talking excitedly all the time?
59. Not only is likability (relate) to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those
outcomes, too.
60. (amaze) were all the guests present, when the clown appeared on the stage. 61. It was not until
they had finished the project they realized it was deep at night.
62. Although (order) to stop, the driver kept on driving as fast as he could.
63. Though (ask) to stop, the (excite) speaker kept (talk) at the meeting.
三、单项选择
64. We have been told that under no circumstances______the telephone in the ofice for personal affairs.
A. may we use B. we may use
C. we could use D. did we use
65. Do in case of fire and find the safe way out.
A. keep cool B. keeping cool C. not stay calm D. staying calm
66. Anyone, once positive for COVID-19, will receive free medical treatment from the government.
A. test B. is tested C. tested D. being tested
67. Only when he returned home ______ what had happened.
A. did he realize
B. he realized
C. he did realize
D. has he realized
68. It was not until she took off her sunglasses ________ I could recognize her.
A. when B. which C. that D. who
69. What I would like ______ now is ______ my bad habits and make up for my lost time.A. doing; to break B. to do; breaking
C. doing; breaking D. to do; break
70. The bell rang and ________, heading for the playground in high spirits.
A. rushed out they B. out did they rush
C. out rushed they D. out they rushed
71. ________ to the electronic games that he wasted a lot of precious time.
A. So he was addicted B. So was he addicted
C. So addicted was he D. So addicted he was
72. There, ______ Mrs. Tailor, stretching out to gather her precious eggs laid by her hen.
A. standing on a wooden box was B. was standing on a wooden box
C. on a wooden box was standing D. was on a wooden box standing
73. Rarely ______ his voice to anyone; he seldom argued with his friends, either.
A. he had raised B. had he raised
C. he raised D. did he raise
74. With a smiling or sad face ________ to a message or post, your reader can “see” your facial expression while
________ your words.
A. added; read B. adding; reading C. added; reading D. to add; read
75. Two hours away from the tall buildings of New York .
A. some of the world’s largest bears live
B. lives some of the world’s largest bears
C. do some of the world’s largest bears live
D. live some of the world’s largest bears
76. __________ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report.
A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly
C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had
77. Only by imagining and creating ____the problem.
A. can solve B. you can solve
C. solve D. can you solve
78. It was in Beijing _______Chinese President Xi JinPing held a 4-hour meeting with U.S. Vice President Joe
Biden on December 5, 2013.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
79. While ____the dog, you should take care not to ____. Otherwise, it may be dangerous to strangers.
A. walking; get loose B. walk; be looseC. walking for; get it loose D. training; get it run
80. It’s based on the idea _____ all people are treated equal, _____ is accepted.
A. that ; that B. which ; which C. which ; when D. that ; which
81. Next door to ours _________, who seem to have settled into life in China.
A. where live a foreign couple
B. where do live a foreign couple
C. live a foreign couple
D. do a foreign couple live
82. In the north of our town _______, which dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
A. an old temple stands B. stands an old temple
C. does an old temple stand D. an old temple does stand
83. Jack is good, hard-working and intelligent. _____, I can’t speak too highly of him.
A. In a word B. As a result C. In other words D. Above all
84. ________ got out of his house ________ it began to rain.
A. Mr. Brown had hardly; than B. Mr. Brown had no sooner; when
C. No sooner had Mr. Brown; than D. Hardly Mr. Brown had; when
85. At the sound of the gun, all of a sudden, out __________from the woods.
A. a hare rushed B. was rushing a hare
C. a hare was rushing D. rushed a hare
86. It was ______before I arrived at the cottage the little boy was seized by a stranger of average build.
A. short; when B. only; while C. shortly; that D. just; which
87. It was when she first arrived in China ______ she developed a passion for paper-cutting.
A. which B. that C. where D. what
88. It was only when I started to reflect on the day ___________I had made a huge mistake.
A. did I realize B. that I realized C. had I realized D. when I realized
89. If ________ promptly and properly, some cancers are highly curable.
A. treated B. being approached C. aiding D. having been solved
90. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor _____________ it a thought.
A. does he even given B. he even gives
C. will he even give D. he will even give
91. Life is harder for Senior Three students throughout China. Hardly _____ endless exercises or tests.
A. does everyday go by with
B. does any day go by withoutC. everyday goes by without
D. any day goes by with
92. The suggestion, if ____________, will mean fundamental changes to the electrical system.
A. accepting B. accept
C. to accept D. accepted
93. Oh, look! ____________.
A. Out a girl went B. Went a girl out
C. Away went a girl D. Away a girl went
94. So absorbed in his work ____________that not a sound ___________.
A. was the president; did she dare to make
B. was the president; dared she to make
C. the president was; she dared make
D. the president was; she did dare to make
95. When __________ why he was late again, Jack didn’t say anything.
A. asked B. to be asked
C. being asked D. Asking
96. Typically, with high-status and well-paid jobs ________ far more pressure than assumed.
A. are coming B. is coming C. come D. comes
97. The door opened and there .
A. entering our English teacher
B. entered our English teacher
C. did our English teacher enter
D. our English teacher entered
四、语法填空
While driving alone through the countryside, Linda saw an old woman by the side of the road, reaching out
her hand. 98 was getting dark and raining. “I can t leave her out in this weather,” Linda said to herself, so
she stopped the car.
“ Shall I offer you 99 lift?” Linda asked. The old woman nodded and climbed into the car. After a
while Linda asked, “Have you waited for long?” The old woman shook her head. 100 (strange)enough,
the old woman didn’t say a single word all the way. Her only 101 (respond) was always a nod of the head
or something else like that.
Then Linda saw the lady’s hands, 102 were very large and covered with thick hair. She realized
103 the lady was a man! After 104 (stop) the car, Linda said, “can’t see that mirror. Would you mindcleaning it 105 me?” The lady nodded and opened the door. As soon as the “lady” was out of the car,
Linda drove off quickly.
When Linda arrived home, she found that the old lady 106 (leave) a handbag on the backseat. She
opened it and let out a deep breath. Inside it 107 two sharp knives.
