17完形填空应对策略(宏观分析)(解析版)_英语(2)_一轮复习_2024年_2024高考英语一轮复习小题大题微技能精析精练(新高考版)_资料

17 完形填空应对策略(宏观分析)
【策略精析】
分析维度1：洞悉文章脉络
宏观分析是对文章的语篇类型、组织结构等进行分析，通过文章的主题句或主题段落来确定文章的
体裁到底是记叙文、说明文、议论文还是应用文。文体不同，文章的组织结构自然也不同。从近五年的
高考可以看出，完形填空主要考查记叙文或夹叙夹议类的文章。因此，运用美国语言学家拉波夫的叙事
分析模式对完形填空的语篇进行宏观分析，能帮助学生从整体上把握文章的结构。此模式包括点题、指
向、进展、结局、评议和回应六个要素。
（一）点题和指向
1. 点题是叙事者在叙事之前对要讲的内容进行简短的概述，会告诉读者“What was the story about？”。
2. 指向是指叙事者会在文章开头交代清楚故事中的人物以及故事发生的时间和地点等因素，会告诉读者
“Who was involved in the story？”以及“When and where did the story happen？”等。有时候，点题和指
向会一起出现在文章的首句中，这样不仅能使文章中心突出、主题鲜明，而且能给读者留下深刻的印象。
（二）进展和结局
1. 进展是故事本身的发生和发展，是叙事语篇的核心部分。它回答的是“How does the story
develop？”。
2. 结局是指故事发展到最后是一个怎样的结果。它回答的是“How does the story come to an end？”。
（三）评议和回应
1. 评议是作者对所描述的故事所做的一种评论，它体现出作者对故事的态度和看法。
2. 回应是对故事主题的一种升华，对读者起着某种启迪作用，能使读者对故事理解得更深刻并进行深入
的思考。但是有时候，叙事者会把故事的意义留给读者去体会和思考，因此并不是所有的记叙文都具备
回应这一要素。
【典例分析】 (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
As a businesswoman，I care deeply about my customers.But like anyone for whom you feel affection，
__41__ can also drive you mad.They’ll come rushing in，__42__ their handbag’s been stolen.They’ll __43__
that they left it in the changing room，create havoc(混乱) and then __44__ it had been in their car all the
time.They’ll have out half the __45__ in the shop，and want the only style you don’t have left in a __46__
colour.I do know how upset the shop staff can get，but I try to persuade them to keep __47__.
I remember the first really __48__ customer we had at Covent Garden.She was __49__ absolutely
everything，nothing was right and I was rather __50__ that she became a“regular”. After a while，she __51__
for the way she behaved at the beginning.She had split up with her husband the week before，was living in a flat__52__，and since she’d found it too much to cope with(应付)，she’d taken it out on __53__ people.
That taught me a valuable __54__ and I pass it on to the people who __55__ in the market.Don’t take it
__56__. If a customer is rude or difficult，just think“Maybe she’s had a row with her husband.Maybe her child’s
not __57__. ”Always water it down and don’t let your ego(自我) get __58__. If you do，you won’t be able to
__59__ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that __60__ everyone’s day.
41. A.shopkeepers B. customers
C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A.saying B. pretending
C. guessing D. replying
43. A.agree B. promise
C. imagine D. swear
44. A.forget B. decide
C. discover D. assume
45. A.foods B. catalogues
C. belongings D. goods
46. A.particular B. different
C. matching D. natural
47. A.fighting B. smiling
C. waiting D. changing
48. A.generous B. polite
C. careless D. difficult
49. A.curious about B. displeased with
C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A.relaxed B. delighted
C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A.searched B. argued
C. prayed D. apologized
52. A.by chance B. by herself
C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A.rude B. such
C. other D. lonely
54. A.lesson B. trick
C. skill D. trade55. A.work B. shop
C. meet D. quarrel
56. A.kindly B. secretly
C. personally D. casually
57. A.ready B. away
C. up D. well
58. A.out of sight B. in the way
C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A.stress B. expect
C. handle D. blame
60. A.ruins B. makes
C. starts D. saves
【答案】41.B 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.D 46.A 47.B 48.D 49.B
50. C 51.D 52.B 53.C 54.A 55.A 56.C 57.D 58.B 59.C 60.A
【策略分析】
（一）点题和指向
文章首段点明所讲故事的背景：As a businesswoman，I care deeply about my customers.But like anyone
for whom you feel affection，__41__ can also drive you mad.作为一名女商人，我很关心顾客，但是遇到难
应付的顾客会让人抓狂。
（二）进展和结局
虽然顾客所作所为让店员抓狂，但是我劝说店员笑迎顾客。
列举让人抓狂的顾客事例：顾客们冲进来，说他们的手提包被偷了→然后却发现手提包一直在车上。
⇩
作者的自身经历感悟：作者曾经遇到一位难对付的顾客，对一切不满意(She was __49__ absolutely
everything，nothing was right.)
⇩
顾客为她的行为道歉(After a while，she __51__ for the way she behaved at the beginning.)
⇩
面对离婚和其他过多的压力导致。
（三）评议和回应“我”把这一经验传给在市场工作的人们。(That taught me a valuable __54__ and I pass it on to the people
who __55__ in the market.)
⇩
向人们传递宽以待人并保持乐观心态的重要性。
【语篇详解】 主题：人与社会(人际沟通)。话题：应对难对付的顾客。本文是一篇记叙文。商店工
作人员经常会遇到难对付的顾客，作者通过自己的经历感悟到店员应该正确对待这类顾客，体谅并善待
他们。
41. B 上根据上一句可知作者非常关心顾客，下文举例说明了顾客的一些挑剔行为，结合 but可知，此
处是指顾客(customer)有时也会让人抓狂。shopkeeper店主；salesperson售货员；receptionist接待员。
42. A 上根据上文的come rushing in和下文的their handbag’s been stolen可知，此处是指顾客冲进来说
(say)自己的手提包被偷了。pretend假装；guess猜想；reply回答。
43. D 上结合语境，顾客既然认为手提包被偷，他们应该会信誓旦旦地说(swear)他们的手提包就放在更
衣室了。agree同意；promise许诺；imagine想象。
44. C 承接上文，此处是指顾客最后发现(discover)手提包一直放在车里。forget忘记；decide决定；
assume假定。
45. D 上此处谈论的是在商店里发生的顾客挑剔商品的行为，他们让店员拿出店里一半的商品(goods)来
选择。food食物；catalogue目录；belongings财产，所有物。
46. A 根据上文的want the only style可知，店员拿出很多商品，但他们想要店里没有的特定(particular)
颜色的。different不同的；matching相同的，相配的；natural自然的。
47. B 根据上文中的upset可知顾客的这种做法让店员感到恼火，用but说明作者的意图是让他们保持良
好的态度，也就是要保持微笑(smile)。fight打架；wait等待；change改变。
48. D 根据下文可知，此处举例说出作者曾经遇到过的一个难对付的(difficult)顾客。generous慷慨的；
polite有礼貌的；careless粗心的。
49. B 根据下文的nothing was right可知，这位顾客对一切都不满意(be displeased with)。be curious about
对……好奇；be patient with对……有耐心；be uncertain about对……不确定。
50. C 上上文提到这位顾客对一切都不满意，下文提到她成了本店的常客，这令人感到意外(surprised)。
relaxed放松的；delighted愉快的；embarrassed尴尬的。
51. D 根据下文她解释的原因可知，此处是指她为她一开始的行为道歉(apologize)。search寻找，搜寻；
argue争论，争吵；pray祈祷，祈求。
52. B 根据上文split up with her husband可知，她和丈夫离婚了，独自(by herself)住在公寓里。by chance
偶然地；on purpose故意地；on duty值日。53. C 她面对离婚和其他过多的压力，难免会情绪不好，因而迁怒于其他(other)人。此处take it out on表
示“迁怒于……，拿……出气”。
54. A 结合下文作者的认识可知，这件事给作者上了宝贵的一课(lesson)。teach sb a lesson表示“给某人
一个教训”。
55. A 上作者对待顾客的经验自然是想传达给那些在商场里工作(work)的人员。
56. C 根据下文可知，这些难应付的顾客可能有其他原因，店员不能太在意。take sth personally意为
“认为某事针对自己而不悦”。kindly体贴地；secretly秘密地； casually随意地。
57. D 与上文的“Maybe she’s had a row with her husband.(或许她和丈夫吵了一架)”相呼应，此处是说或
许她的孩子身体不适(well)，此处well是形容词，意为“身体好的”。
58. B 根据上文可知，顾客可能是因为自身遇到各种麻烦才变得挑剔，所以作者指出店员需要注意不能
让个人的情绪妨碍(in the way)交流和沟通，要去理解顾客。out of sight看不见；behind the scene在幕后；
above the law凌驾于法律之上。
59. C 上本句用if来假设一种后果，如果不能放下个人情绪，可能没法处理(handle)这样的情况。stress
强调；expect预料；blame责怪。
60. A 根据上文的an unpleasant scene可知，遇到这种难处理的情况，处理不好会导致不愉快的场面，将
会毁掉(ruin)大家的一天。
分析维度2：防范失误的策略
1.避免因词汇理解障碍而失分
在完形填空题的设题上，命题者往往还将一些考生平常容易忽视的词汇设置成选项，从而造成考生
错选、对于这些词汇，考生在平时必须引起重视，背熟记牢。
【典例分析】 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
If we 42.admit it is a door，they’ll want to go outside __43__. It will drive us crazy.
43. A.gradually B. constantly
C. temporarily D. casually
【分析】 句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。根据下文 I should just 59.accept
repeatedly having to say，“No.We can’t go outside now.”可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。选项
constantly，temporarily，casually都属于低频词，许多考生会由于对词义把握不准而误选。
2.避免因不明熟词生义而失分
熟词生义往往是考生容易忽视的地方，很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“新义”而出现思维堵塞，造
成了不应有的失分。下面我们选取具有代表性的试题加以分析，以帮助考生熟悉其命题特点，从而跳出
命题人设置的词汇“陷阱” 。
【典例分析】 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.They 41.bring
with them lots of waste.The 42.crowds might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers( 冰 川 ) are
disappearing，changing the __43____of Kilimanjaro.
43. A.position B. age
C. face D. name
【分析】 根据设空前的“The 42.crowds might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川) are
disappearing”可知，人群可能会破坏这个地方的美，冰川也正在消失，由此可推知，这一切正在改变着乞
力马扎罗山的面貌(face)，face 此处意为：(地区，机构或活动领域的)外观，面貌。
3.避免因惯性思维而失分
在英语学习中，由于种种原因，如考生的母语干扰、知识面和思维习惯等都有可能令考生出现一些
思维定式现象，即不善于多方位思考，考虑问题不全面，导致错选一些题目，完形填空解题中因惯性思
维而失分常有以下两种情况：
(1)单词运用受到的思维定式影响
有些考生学习英语单词过于简单化，仅记其中文意思，而不深刻理解其实际用法和英汉用法之间的
细微差异。例如：表示“成功做某事”，不可以用succeed to do sth来表达。
(2)短语或习语运用受到的思维定式影响
例如：学习了wait for这个词组以后，有的考生在做题过程中只要碰到wait，后面要接介词时就毫不
犹豫地选择for，但在“He stopped his car to wait at the redlight.”中就不用for。
【典例分析】 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
Since our twins began learning to walk，my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a
window.The 41.reason is obvious.If we 42.admit it is a door，they’ll want to go outside 43.constantly. It will
drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the __44__. But our insisting it’s 45.merely a window has kept them
from 46.attempting millions of requests to open the door.
44. A.result B. danger
C. method D. truth
【分析】 由空后下文But our insisting...to open the door.可知，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试；
再由下文的I hate lying to the kids.可知，孩子们是知道真相的。但考生受思维定式影响，看到前文The
41.reason is obvious，而误选A项。
分析维度3：理清语篇信息层次
语篇层次题的解题信息不局限于某一句或某一句群，而是分散在某一段或几段甚至全篇，这就要求
考生抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想意图或主角的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选
择。对于此类题目，一定要坚持这样一个原则——不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。【典例分析1】 (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west－central Iowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota.During the long trip
home，following a weekend of hunting，Ehlers 41.thought about the small dog he had seen 42.trembling
alongside the road.He had 43.tried to coax (哄) the dog to him but，frightened，it had 44.run__off.
Back home，Ehlers was troubled by that 45.lost dog.So，four days later，he called his friend Greg，and the
two drove 46.back. After a long and careful 47.search，Greg saw，across a field，the dog moving __48__
away.Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49.joy.
It just started licking (舔) Ehlers’ face.
48. A.cautiously B. casually
C. skillfully D. angrily
【分析】 本题是语篇层次题。只看题目所在的句子我们是无法确定答案的，此类题目需要综合全篇来
找线索。根据第一段最后一句中的“frightened”和第二段第二句中的“four days later”并结合下文的
“Nervousness and fear”可知，一只走丢多日的小狗受到惊吓，感到紧张不安和恐惧，因此当 Greg看见它
的时候，它正小心谨慎地(cautiously)移动，casually“随便地”；skillfully“巧妙地，熟练地”；angrily“生气
地”。
【典例分析2】 (2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
...............
The 46.story began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club 47.performed their translation
of a song.Both the hand movements and the very 48.idea of communicating without speaking 49.attracted
me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50.past. This newness just left me
51.wanting more.
After that，feeling the need to__52__ further，I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings.I only learned
how to 53.sign the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54.slow progress，I was excited.I
then made it a point to 55.attend those meetings and learn all I could.
............
52. A.exercise B. explore
C. express D. explain
【分析】 本题是语篇层次题。需要综合空格上一段和空格所在段落来寻找突破口。本题可以利用
文章发展脉络解题。所节选部分文章发展脉络为：大学第一周“我”观看了美式手语俱乐部的表演
→“我”被表演所吸引→“我”想进一步学习更多手语方面的知识→“我”参加俱乐部的会议。根据文
章发展脉络可知，第52题是在作者观看了美式手语俱乐部的表演后感受到了进一步“探索(explore)”的必
要。故答案为B项。【策略精练】
1
I would like to suggest that for sixty to ninety minutes each evening all smart phones in the family be put
away.
Let us take a 1 , reasonable look at what the results might be if such a (n) 2 were accepted.
Families might use the time for a real family hour. Without the distraction of phones, they might 3 around
together after dinner and actually talk to one another. In fact, it is well-known that many of our 4 in every
aspect of our life, from the generation gap to the high divorce and to some forms of mental illness are caused at
least 5 by failure to communicate. By using the quiet family hour to 6 our problems，we might get to
know each other better and to like each other better.
On evenings when such a talk is 7 , families could discover other active pastimes(消遣). 8 from
smart phones，forced to find their own 9 ，they might take a ride together to watch the sunset 10
they might take a walk together. With free time and no smart phones，children and adults might discover reading.
They might find there is more 11 in a good book than in an electronic game. According to educators，the
generation 12 with smart phones can hardly write an English sentence， 13 at the college level.
Actually， 14 is often improved through adequate reading. So with more time on books, a more literate(有文
化的)new generation could be a(n) 15 of the quiet hour.
A different 16 of reading might also be done as it was in the past: reading aloud. The quiet hour could
become the story hour. When the quiet hour 17 , we may find it hard to withdraw from our newly-discovered
activities and 18 the next story time.
At first glance, this idea seems radical(极端的). How will we spend the time then? The fact is that it has been
only ten years 19 smart phones came to control our time. Those of us twenty-five and older can remember
childhood without smart phones. It wasn't so 20 as we think.
1. A. regretful B. curious C. casual D. serious
2. A. offer B. opinion C. suggestion D. decision
3. A. turn B. sit C. come D. look
4. A. problems B. questions C. affairs D. situations
5. A. in particular B. in part C. in time D. in total
6. A. discuss B. avoid C. bring D. raise
7. A. acceptable B. unnecessary C. funny D. unpleasant
8. A. Hidden B. Prevented C. Kept D. Freed
9. A. time B. companions C. activities D. responsibility10. A. and B. or C. but D. while
11. A. energy B. honor C. goal D. fun
12. A. growing up B. bringing up C. getting up D. coming up
13. A. yet B. still C. even D. just
14. A. writing B. thinking C. speaking D. listening
15. A. example B. spirit C. right D. product
16. A. aspect B. choice C. form D. step
17. A. starts B. ends C. comes D. lasts
18. A. stop B. set C. expect D. avoid
19. A. before B. since C. until D. after
20. A. difficult B. interesting C. satisfying D. addictive
【答案】
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 12.
A 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】本文是议论文。文章论述了作者为什么建议每天晚上把家里所有的智能手机都收起来60到90分
钟。
1. 考查形容词辨析。句意：让我们认真、合理地看一看，如果这样的建议被接受，结果会怎样。A.
regretful后悔的；B. curious好奇的；C. casual随意的；D. serious认真的。根据下文reasonable可知，此处
指“认真、合理地看一着”。故选D。
2. 考查名词辨析。句意：让我们认真、合理地看一看，如果这样的建议被接受，结果会怎样。A. offer提
出；B. opinion观点；C. suggestion建议；D. decision决定。根据上文I would like to suggest that for sixty to
ninety minutes each evening all smart phones in the family be put away.可知，此处指“这样的建议”。故选
C。
3. 考查动词辨析。句意：如果没有手机的干扰，他们可能会在晚饭后围坐在一起，彼此交谈。A. turn转
动；B. sit坐；C. come来；D. look看。根据下文after dinner and actually talk to one another可知，此处指
“在晚饭后围坐在一起，彼此交谈”。故选B。
4. 考查名词辨析。句意：事实上，众所周知，我们生活的方方面面，从代沟到高离婚率，再到某些形式
的精神疾病，许多问题至少部分是由于无法沟通造成的。A. problems问题；B. questions问题；C. affairs
事务；D. situations情况。problem指说话者认为难以解决的问题，它与动词solve或settle(解决)搭配。而
question指说话者需要寻找答案的问题，它常与动词ask或answer连用。根据下文n every aspect of our
life, from the generation gap to the high divorce and to some forms of mental illness可知，此处指说话者认为
难以解决的问题，应使用problem。故选A。5. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，众所周知，我们生活的方方面面，从代沟到高离婚率，再到某些
形式的精神疾病，许多问题至少部分是由于无法沟通造成的。A. in particular尤其；B. in part部分；C. in
time及时；D. in total总计。根据常识可知，这些问题至少部分是由于无法沟通造成的。故选B。
6. 考查动词辨析。句意：通过利用安静的家庭时间来讨论我们的问题，我们可以更好地了解彼此，更好
地喜欢彼此。A. discuss讨论；B. avoid避免；C. bring带来；D. raise举起。根据下文we might get to know
each other better and to like each other better 可知，此处指“利用安静的家庭时间来讨论我们的问题”。故
选A。
7. 考查形容词辨析。句意：在晚上，当这样的谈话是不必要的时候，家庭可以发现其他积极的消遣。A.
acceptable可接受的；B. unnecessary不有必要的；C. funny滑稽的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据下文
families could discover other active pastimes(消遣)可知，此处指“当这样的谈话是不必要的时候”。故选
B。
8. 考查动词辨析。句意：从智能手机中解放出来，被迫寻找自己的活动，他们可能会一起骑车看日落或
一起散步。A. Hidden隐藏；B. Prevented避免；C. Kept保持；D. Freed解放。根据下文forced to find their
own 9 ，they might take a ride together to watch the sunset 1 0 they might take a walk
together.可知，此处指“从智能手机中解放出来”。故选D。
9. 考查名词辨析。句意：从智能手机中解放出来，被迫寻找自己的活动，他们可能会一起骑车看日落或
一起散步。A. time时间；B. companions同伴；C. activities活动；D. responsibility责任。根据下文they
might take a ride together to watch the sunset 1 0 they might take a walk together.可知，此处指“被
迫寻找自己的活动”。故选C。
10. 考查连词辨析。句意：从智能手机中解放出来，被迫寻找自己的活动，他们可能会一起骑车看日落或
一起散步。A. and和；B. or或者；C. but但是；D. while当……的时候。根据句意可知，空前后是选择关
系。故选B。
11. 考查名词辨析。句意：他们可能会发现一本好书比电子游戏更有趣。A. energy精力；B. honor荣誉；
C. goal目标；D. fun快乐。根据上文With free time and no smart phones，children and adults might discover
reading.可知，此处指“他们可能会发现一本好书比电子游戏更有趣”。故选D。
12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：根据教育工作者的说法，伴随着智能手机长大的一代几乎不会写英语句子，
即使在大学阶段也是如此。A. growing up长大；B. bringing up抚养；C. getting up起床；D. coming up被
提出。根据语境可知，此处指“伴随着智能手机长大的一代”。故选A。
13. 考查副词辨析。句意：根据教育工作者的说法，伴随着智能手机长大的一代几乎不会写英语句子，即
使在大学阶段也是如此。A. yet但是；B. still仍然；C. even即使；D. just仅仅。根据语境可知，此处指
“即使在大学阶段也是如此（几乎不会写英语句子）”。故选C。14. 考查动名词辨析。句意：事实上，适当的阅读往往能提高写作能力A. writing写；B. thinking想；C.
speaking说；D. listening听。根据上文According to educators，the generation 1 2 with smart
phones can hardly write an English sentence， 1 3 at the college level.可知，此处指“写作能力”。
故选A。
15. 考查名词辨析。句意：因此，有了更多的读书时间，更有文化的新一代可能会成为安静时间的产物。
A. example例子；B. spirit精神；C. right权利；D. product产物。根据语境可知，此处指“更有文化的新
一代可能会成为安静时间的产物”。故选D。
16. 考查名词辨析。句意：另一种不同的阅读方式也可以像过去一样：大声朗读。A. aspect方面；B.
choice选择；C. form方式；D. step步骤。根据下文reading aloud可知，此处指“另一种阅读方式：大声
朗读”。故选C。
17. 考查动词辨析。句意：当安静的一小时结束时，我们可能会发现很难从新发现的活动中抽身，并且期
待下一个故事时间。A. starts开始；B. ends结束；C. comes来；D. lasts持续。根据下文we may find it hard
to withdraw from our newly-discovered activities可知，此处指“当安静的一小时结束时，我们可能会发现
很难从新发现的活动中抽身”。故选B。
18. 考查动词辨析。句意：当安静的一小时结束时，我们可能会发现很难从新发现的活动中抽身，并且期
待下一个故事时间。A. stop；B. set；C. expect；D. avoid。根据上文we may find it hard to withdraw from
our newly-discovered activities可知，此处指“期待下一个故事时间”。故选C。
19. 考查连词辨析。句意：事实上，智能手机来控制我们的时间只有十年。A. before在……之前；B.
since自从；C. until直到；D. after在……之后。根据上文The fact is that it has been only ten years可知，此
处指“智能手机来控制我们的时间只有十年”。故选B。
20. 考查形容词辨析。句意：并不像我们想象的那么困难。A. difficult困难的；B. interesting有趣的；C.
satisfying满意的；D. addictive上瘾的。根据上文Those of us twenty-five and older can remember childhood
without smart phones.可知，此处指放下智能手机并不像我们想象的那么困难。故选A。
2
Plenty of people are doing good work in Pakistan. Far away from the center of Islamabad, Pakistan, there is a
21 that provides education to street children.
What encouraged Zeba Husain to start Mashal School was her unpleasant experience in her youth. “Feeling
22 was something that was truly fixed in my mind. I could feel that a person needs to be 23 of this
bad feeling,” she says.
But it was working with refugees (难民) that really gave her a 24 of what some people have go
through. “That was something 25 my life,” Husain says.
26 is something that Husain could 27 in the eyes of the street children when she first 28them 10 years ago. “I saw these 29 children,” she says, “I asked them, ‘Don’t you go to school?’ and they
responded, ‘Nobody keeps us; nobody wants us.’” Husain knew it was time to 30 her longtime dream
of helping poor people.
As the school gradually grew, the women in the community also became 31 .
“It was very, very 32 that the mothers would come in,” says Husain. She decided to start 33
the women with skills development.
Many of her students have now completed their education, and some are working at restaurants as waiters.
“The 34 of it is that they all want to do something for others,” Husain says.
“Making a 35 for a little time goes a long way because it restores your confidence in humanity (人
性),” she adds.
21. A. hospital B. museum C. market D. school
22. A. unconscious B. independent C. uncomfortable D. irresponsible
23. A. tired B. proud C. sure D. free
24. A. dream B. sense C. choice D. opportunity
25. A. transformed B. saved C. devoted D. enjoyed
26. A. Selfishness B. Kindness C. Hopelessness D. Calmness
27. A. show B. see C. say D. lose
28. A. came across B. looked after C. cared about D. contacted with
29. A. disadvantaged B. unpromising C. uncivilized D. upset
30. A. carry out B. act on C. rely on D. come true
31. A. concerned B. enthusiastic C. surprised D. frightened
32. A. confusing B. relaxing C. encouraging D. amusing
33. A. offering B. teaching C. providing D. charging
34. A. beauty B. example C. trust D. purpose
35. A. decision B. devotion C. difference D. distinction
【答案】
21. D 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. B 31.
B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Zeba Husain在巴基斯坦遇到了很多街头儿童，他们没有接受教
育，因此她创办学校来给他们提供教育。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在远离巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡市中心的地方，有一所学校为街头儿童提供教育。
A. hospital医院；B. museum博物馆；C. market市场；D. school学校。根据下文“provides education tostreet children”可知，是一所学校。故选D。
22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“不舒服的感觉确实在我的脑海里根深蒂固。我能感觉到一个人需要摆
脱这种不好的感觉，”她说。A. unconscious无意识的；B. independent独立的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；
D. irresponsible不负责任的。根据下文“this bad feeling”可知，此处是指一种不舒服的感觉。故选C。
23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. tired疲惫的；B. proud骄傲的；C. sure确定的，肯定的；D. free
免费的，自由的。根据“this bad feeling”可知，是要摆脱这种感觉，be free of“摆脱”。故选D。
24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是和难民一起工作让她真正体会到了一些人的经历。A. dream梦想；B.
sense感觉，道理；C. choice选择；D. opportunity机会。根据下文“what some people have go through”可知，
她体会到了难民经历的一切。故选B。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“那件事改变了我的生活，”侯赛因说。A. transformed改变；B. saved节
约，拯救；C. devoted贡献；D. enjoyed享受，喜欢。根据上文“But it was working with refugees (难民)
that really gave her a 4 of what some people have go through.”推知，体会难民经历的一切改变了侯
赛因的生活。故选A。
26. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：10年前，侯赛因第一次见到这些流浪儿童时，她从他们的眼睛里看到了
绝望。A. Selfishness自私；B. Kindness善良，友好；C. Hopelessness绝望；D. Calmness冷静。根据上文
“Far away from the center of Islamabad, Pakistan, there is a 1 that provides education to street
children.”推知，这些街头的流浪儿眼神中充满了绝望，因此侯赛因才成立专门为他们提供教育的学校。
故选C。
27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. show表现，展示；B. see看见；C. say说；D. lose丢失。根据下文
“in the eyes of the street children”可知，是看到了这些孩子眼中的绝望。故选B。
28. 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. came across偶遇；B. looked after照顾；C. cared about关心，担心；
D. contacted with与……联系。根据“Husain could 7 in the eyes of the street children”可知，侯赛
因偶遇了这些在街头的孩子。故选A。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我看到这些处于不利地位的孩子，”她说，“我问他们，‘你们不上
学吗?’他们回答说:‘没人养我们；没有人想要我们。”A. disadvantaged贫困的，处于不利地位的；B.
unpromising没有前途的；C. uncivilized未开化的，不文明的；D. upset沮丧的。根据“Nobody keeps us;
nobody wants us.”可知，这些孩子处境不好。故选A。
30. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：侯赛因知道，是时候实现她长期以来帮助穷人的梦想了。A. carry out实施，
执行，实现；B. act on奉行，按照……而行动；C. rely on依靠；D. come true实现。根据下文“her
longtime dream of helping poor people.”可知，此处是指侯赛因认为这正是她按照自己的梦想而行动的时候
了。故选B。31. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着学校的逐渐发展，社区中的女性也（对学习）变得热情起来。A.
concerned担心的，关心的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文
“the mothers would come in”可知，妇女也开始关对学习感兴趣，变得热情起来。故选B。
32. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：侯赛因说：“妈妈们愿意进来，这是非常令人鼓舞的。”A. confusing
令人困惑的；B. relaxing令人放松的；C. encouraging鼓舞人心的；D. amusing有趣的。根据“the mothers
would come in”可知，这是令人鼓舞的。故选C。
33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决定开始为女性提供技能发展。A. offering提供；B. teaching教；C.
providing提供；D. charging要价，管理，充电，指控。根据“the women with skills development.”可知，此
处是指侯赛因为社区的女性提供技能培训，provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”。故选C。
34. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“它的美好之处在于，他们都想为他人做点什么，”侯赛因说。A. beauty
美丽，美好；B. example例子；C. trust信任；D. purpose目的。结合上文侯赛因帮助街头绝望的孩子和下
文“they all want to do something for others”可知，侯赛因认为这件事的美好之处就在于，接受了帮助的人
也想帮助其他人。故选A。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“短暂的行为会有很大的帮助，因为这会恢复你对人性的信
心。”A. decision决定；B. devotion 贡献；C. difference不同，区别；D. distinction区别，差别。make a
difference“采取行动”，是固定短语。此处指侯赛因为街头孩子提供教育的行动，为这些孩子，甚至社区
妇女带来了希望，也影响他们去关心、帮助更多的人。故选C。
3
Jenifer now lives in Detroit, USA. She thinks she may have a partial solution for two of the country’s big
problems: garbage and 36 . It’s called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student is asking a favour
of local snack 37 . Rather than litter your empty chip bags, 38 them so she can turn them
into sleeping bags.
Chip-eaters 39 their bags at two locations in Detroit, where Jenifer and her 40 collect
them. It takes about four hours to 41 a sleeping bag, each taking around 300 chip bags. The 42
is a sleeping bag that is “lightweight and waterproof,” Jenifer told the media.
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected over 800,000 chip bags and, as to last December,
43 110 sleeping bags.
Sure, it would be 44 to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the 45
for Jenifer and her fellow volunteers. “We are devoted to making a difference not only socially, but 46 ”
she says.
Of course, there’s the symbolism of recycling bags that would 47 land in the garbage and using
them to help the 48 . And it’s surely a(n) 49 that environmental injustice and poverty often gohand in hand. As Jenifer told hourdetroit. com: “I think it’s time to 50 connections between all of these
issues.”
36. A. food B. pollution C. poverty D. education
37. A. lovers B. producers C. deliverers D. salesmen
38. A. sell B. store C. hold D. donate
39. A. drop off B. take away C. get in D. break up
40. A. parents B. helpers C. classmates D. buyers
41. A. make B. fill C. decorate D. move
42. A. result B. order C. need D. requirement
43. A. distributed B. created C. delivered D. fixed
44. A. worse B. slower C. simpler D. harder
45. A. lesson B. time C. way D. goal
46. A. permanently B. spiritually C. economically D. environmentally
47. A. never B. otherwise C. even D. still
48. A. campers B. strangers C. homeless D. seniors
49. A. belief B. reminder C. rule D. assumption
50. A. value B. research C. perfect D. show
【答案】
36. C 37. A 38. D 39. A 40. B 41. A 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46.
D 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了詹妮弗利用收集来的空薯片袋缝制睡袋并送给无家可归者的故
事。
36. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为自己可能已经部分解决了这个国家的两个大问题：垃圾和贫困。A.
food食物；B. pollution污染；C. poverty贫困；D. education教育。根据下文“Rather than litter your empty
chip bags, ____3____ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags.”以及“And it’s surely a(n)
____14____ that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand.”可推知，詹妮弗使用空的薯片袋
子制作睡袋，认为自己找到了解决垃圾和贫困问题的办法。故选C。
37. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位26岁的学生正在请求当地小吃爱好者的帮助。A. lovers爱好者；B.
producers生产者；C. deliverers派送员；D. salesmen销售员。根据下文“Rather than litter your empty chip
bags, ____3____ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags.”可知，詹妮弗希望人们捐赠空的薯片袋，即
向小吃爱好者寻求帮助。故选A。
38. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与其乱扔你的空薯片袋，不如把它们捐赠出去，这样她就可以把它们变成睡袋了。A. sell出售；B. store储存；C. hold持有；D. donate捐赠。根据下文“so she can turn them into
sleeping bags”可知，此处表示詹妮弗希望人们捐赠空薯片袋，以便于她收集这些袋子制作睡袋。故选D。
39. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把他们的袋子放在底特律的两个地方，詹妮弗和她的助手在那
里收集。A. drop off放下；B. take away拿走；C. get in进入；D. break up打碎。根据下文“their bags at
two locations in Detroit, where Jenifer and her ____5____ collect them.”可知，那些人把薯片袋子放在固定的
地方，詹妮弗和助手去收集薯片袋。故选A。
40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把他们的袋子放在底特律的两个地方，詹妮弗和她的助手在那
里收集。A. parents父母；B. helpers助手；C. classmates同学；D. buyers购买者。根据下文“But that’s
only half the ____10____ for Jenifer and her fellow volunteers.”可知，志愿者同伴帮助詹妮弗一起收集薯片
袋，他们是詹妮弗的助手。故选B。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：制作一个睡袋大约需要四个小时，每个睡袋大约需要300个薯片袋。A.
make制作；B. fill装满；C. decorate装饰；D. move移动。根据下文“a sleeping bag, each taking around 300
chip bags.”可知，每个睡袋大约需要300个薯片袋，而制作每个睡袋大约需要四个小时。故选A。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗告诉媒体，结果是一个“轻便防水”的睡袋。A. result结果；B.
order订单；C. need需要；D. requirement要求。根据上文“It takes about four hours to ____6____ a
sleeping bag, each taking around 300 chip bags.”以及下文“is a sleeping bag that is “lightweight and
waterproof,”可知，使用大约300个薯片袋，经历大约四个小时制作出的结果是“轻便防水”的睡袋。故
选A。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年启动以来，薯片袋项目已经收集了80多万个薯片袋，截至去年
12月，已经创造了110个睡袋。A. distributed分配；B. created创造，制造；C. delivered递送；D. fixed修
理。根据上文“Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected over 800,000 chip bags”以及下文
“110 sleeping bags”可知，詹妮弗收集了很多薯片袋，因而制作成了很多睡袋。故选B。
44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，筹集资金购买新睡袋会更简单。A. worse更坏的；B. slower更慢
的；C. simpler更简单的；D. harder更努力的。根据上文“It takes about four hours to ____6____ a sleeping
bag, each taking around 300 chip bags.”以及下文“to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags.”可知，制作睡
袋需要花费大约四个小时，300个薯片袋，此处表示筹集资金购买新睡袋会更简单。故选C。
45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这只是詹妮弗和她的志愿者同伴们目标的一半。A. lesson课程；B. time
时间；C. way方法；D. goal目标。根据下文“We are devoted to making a difference not only socially,
but ____11____”可知，詹妮弗和她的志愿者同伴既希望设法解决社会问题，又希望帮助解决环境问题，
此处表示筹集资金购买新睡袋只能实现目标的一半。故选D。
46. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我们致力于不仅在社会上，而且在环境上有影响。”A.permanently永久地；B. spiritually精神地；C. economically经济地；D. environmentally环境地。根据上文
“Rather than litter your empty chip bags, ____3____ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags.”可知，詹
妮弗收集空薯片袋，将它们制作成睡袋，这会减少垃圾，减轻环境问题，此处表示詹妮弗既致力于解决
社会问题又希望保护环境。故选D。
47. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，回收那些原本会落在垃圾堆里的袋子，并用它们来帮助无家可归者，
这具有象征意义。A. never从不；B. otherwise否则；C. even甚至；D. still仍然。根据下文“land in the
garbage and using them to help the ____13____ .”可知，收集来的薯片袋得以重新利用，否则，这些袋子只
会落在垃圾堆里。故选B。
48. 考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，回收那些原本会落在垃圾堆里的袋子，并用它们来帮助无
家可归者，这具有象征意义。A. campers露营者；B. strangers陌生人；C. homeless无家可归的；D. seniors
老年人。根据上文“We are devoted to making a difference not only socially, but ____11____”可知，詹妮弗
致力于解决解决社会问题，推测此处表示睡袋送给了无家可归的人，the homeless表示“无家可归的人”。
故选C。
49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且，这无疑提醒我们，环境不公正和贫困往往是密切相关的。A. belief
信念；B. reminder提醒物；C. rule规则；D. assumption假设。根据下文“that environmental injustice and
poverty often go hand in hand.”可知，詹妮弗收集睡袋帮助无家可归的人，同时也解决了环境问题，这提醒
人们环境和贫困问题经常是密切相关的。故选B。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如詹妮弗在接受hourdetroit网站采访时所说：“我认为是时候展示所有
这些问题之间的联系了。”A. value重视；B. research研究；C. perfect使完美；D. show展示。根据上文
“And it’s surely a(n) ____14____ that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand.”以及下文
“connections between all of these issues.”和上文提到的她用薯片袋制成睡袋这既可以解决一些贫困问题，
也可以解决环境问题可知，环境和贫困问题经常是密切相关的，詹妮弗认为是时候展示环境和贫困问题
之间的联系了。故选D。
4
When you buy something with money, you feel as if it’s owed by you. 51 , when you receive something
from someone else, the gift is a 52 of something bigger than yourself.
In our living room, we have three shelves of books. We 53 them as the “open source” bookshelf because
our guests can take any book and 54 any book to it. No one 55 it; it’s all based on trust, 56 our home
hosts many events with hundreds of people passing through it.
These books cover various types and you can’t really be 57 what you’ll find. So, my brother happened to
58 a red book the other day. It 59 because it had no title. Since it looked so 60 , he checked it out.Page one 61 some hand-written words:
To: DJ Burrowes
From: Grandma and Grandpa Burrowes
…
We were 62 . Every page had a quote written in the 63 shaky handwriting of DJ’s grandparents. They
had given it to DJ and DJ, 64 , had given it to us.
A couple of weeks back, DJ 65 to go to China to learn its language and culture. Before leaving, he came
for a(n) 66 at our place, primarily to offer his 67 gratitude. But this gift was over the top. Not only did he
68 such a precious part of himself, but he did so without telling anyone in our house! What a(n) 69 ! For a
few seconds, all of us just stared at it in disbelief.
In shocking silence, we all stood in 70 of the Burrowes for showing us, by their example, what life is all
about. Thank you, DJ, wherever you are!
51. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Meanwhile D. However
52. A. discovery B. standard C. reminder D. wonder
53. A. regard B. accept C. report D. mistake
54. A. expose B. contribute C. distribute D. deliver
55. A. tracks B. affords C. recommends D. overlooks
56. A. ever since B. in case C. as if D. even though
57. A. guaranteed B. informed C. judged D. questioned
58. A. obtain B. donate C. spot D. review
59. A. worked out B. stood out C. went up D. turned up
60. A. priceless B. fascinating C. delicate D. unusual
61. A. represented B. expressed C. read D. provided
62. A. astonished B. cautious C. frightened D. nervous
63. A. occasionally B. apparently C. partially D. randomly
64. A. in advance B. in turn C. by mistake D. by chance
65. A. promised B. managed C. hesitated D. decided
66. A. event B. discussion C. party D. conference
67. A. natural B. vivid C. silent D. casual
68. A. show off B. take over C. see about D. leave behind
69. A. pity B. offering C. relief D. coincidence
70. A. defence B. memory C. admiration D. favour
【答案】51. D 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. A 56. D 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. D 61.
C 62. A 63. B 64. B 65. D 66. A 67. C 68. D 69. B 70. C
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。当你用钱买东西时，你会觉得它好像是欠你的。然而，当你收到别人
的礼物时，这份礼物会提醒你比你自己更重要的东西。DJ通过给我们赠送宝贵的书，向我们展示了生活
的真谛。
51. 考查副词辨析。句意：当你用钱买东西时，你会觉得它好像是欠你的。然而，当你收到别人的礼物时，
这份礼物会提醒你比你自己更重要的东西。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover另外；C. Meanwhile 与此同时；
D. However然而。前后句是转折关系，表示“然而”，故选D。
52. 考查名词辨析。句意：然而，当你收到别人的礼物时，这份礼物会提醒你比你自己更重要的东西。A.
discovery发现；B. standard标准；C. reminder提醒物；D. wonder惊奇。下文提到DJ留下的书时刻在提醒
作者，故选C。
53. 考查动词辨析。句意：我们将它们视为“开源”书架，因为我们的客人可以拿任何一本书，也可以为
之贡献任何一本书。A. regard看作，考虑； B. accept接受；C. report报告；D. mistake错误。根据our
guests can take any book and ___4___ any book to it.可知，我们将书看作开放的资源，将它们看作“开源”
书架，故选A。
54. 考查动词辨析。句意：我们将它们视为“开源”书架，因为我们的客人可以拿任何一本书，也可以为
之贡献任何一本书。A. expose揭露；B. contribute贡献；C. distribute分配； D. deliver递送。根据They
had given it to DJ and DJ, 1 4 , had given it to us. 通过下文DJ贡献书的事可知客人可以贡献书。故选
B。
55. 考查动词辨析。句意：尽管我们的家举办了许多活动，有数百人参加，没有人追踪它；这一切都建立
在信任的基础上。A. tracks追踪；B. affords买得起；C. recommends推荐；D. overlooks忽略。根据it’s all
based on trust可知，由于建立在信任的基础上，我们不追踪这些书的来去。故选A。
56. 考查状语从句。句意：尽管我们的家举办了许多活动，有数百人参加，没有人追踪它；这一切都建立
在信任的基础上。A. ever since从那时起到现在；B. in case 万一；C. as if好像；D. even though尽管，即
使。前后句是转折关系，表示尽管我们家人员来往多，但我们也不追查书的来去，故选D。
57. 考查动词辨析。句意：这些书涵盖了各种类型，你不能保证你能找到什么。A. guaranteed担保；B.
informed告知；C. judged判断；D. questioned询问。此处指这些书包括各种类型，你可能会找到意想不到
的书，故选A。
58. 考查动词辨析。句意：所以，前几天我弟弟碰巧发现了一本红色的书。A. obtain获得；B. donate捐献；
C. spot发现，认出；D. review回顾，复习。此处指弟弟在书架上发现了一本特殊的书，故选C。
59. 考查动词词组辨析。句意：它之所以引人注目，是因为它没有书名。A. worked out 算出；B. stood out突出；C. went up上升；D. turned up调大，出现。it had no title是它引人注目的原因，故选B。
60. 考查形容词辨析。句意：因为这本书看起来很不寻常，他就拿出来看。A. priceless无价的； B.
fascinating 迷人的；C. delicate雅致的；D. unusual与众不同的，不寻常的。因为这本书没有书名，看起来
与众不同，故选D。
61. 考查动词辨析。句意：第一页读到了一些手写的单词A. represented代表；B. expressed表达；C. read
阅读；D. provided提供。下面是书上第一页的内容，故选C。
62. 考查形容词辨析。句意：我们都非常惊讶。A. astonished感到惊讶的；B. cautious谨慎的；C.
frightened感到害怕的；D. nervous紧张不安的。根据Every page had a quote written in the 1 3
shaky handwriting of DJ’s grandparents.可知，使我们感到惊讶的是每一页都有一段DJ的祖父母用歪歪斜斜
的笔迹写的引文。故选A。
63. 考查副词辨析。句意：每一页都有一段引文，显然是DJ的祖父母用歪歪斜斜的笔迹写的。A.
occasionally 偶尔；B. apparently显然地；C. partially部分地；D. randomly随便地。根据书上的字迹可知，
显然是DJ的祖父母用歪歪斜斜的笔迹写的。故选B。
64. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们把书给了DJ, DJ反过来给了我们。A. in advance提前，预先；B. in
turn反过来；C. by mistake错误地；D. by chance碰巧，偶然。此处指DJ的祖父母把书留给了DJ, DJ反过
来送给了我们。故选B。
65. 考查动词辨析。句意：两个星期前，DJ决定去中国学习中国的语言和文化。A. promised 许诺；B.
managed管理，控制；C. hesitated犹豫不决；D. decided决定。根据go to China to learn its language and
culture.可知，DJ决定去中国学习中国的语言和文化。故选D。
66. 考查名词辨析。句意：临走前，他来我们家参加了一个活动，主要是为了表达他无言的谢意。A.
event事件，活动；B. discussion讨论；C. party聚会；D. conference会议。此处指临走前，他来我们家参
加了活动，给我们留下了礼物。故选A。
67. 考查形容词辨析。句意：临走前，他来我们家参加了一个活动，主要是为了表达他无言的谢意。A.
natural自然的；B. vivid生动的；C. silent沉默的；D. casual随便的。根据 he did so without telling anyone
in our house!可知，他并没有用语言表达谢意，是无言的谢意。故选C。
68. 考查动词词组辨析。句意：他不仅留下了自己如此珍贵的一部分，而且没有告诉我们家里的任何人!
A. show off 炫耀；B. take over接管；C. see about 查询，注意；D. leave behind留下，丢弃。此处指DJ给
我们留下了自己珍贵的书，故选D。
69. 考查名词辨析。句意：多好的礼物啊!有几秒钟，我们都难以置信地盯着它。A. pity同情；B. offering
提供；C. relief 减轻；D. coincidence巧合。DJ给我们提供了很好的礼物，故选B。
70. 考查名词辨析。句意：在令人震惊的沉默中，我们都站在那里钦佩地看着巴罗一家，因为他们以自己为榜样，向我们展示了生活的真谛。A. defence 防御； B. memory记忆；C. admiration赞赏；D. favour喜
爱。此处指我们对巴罗一家的举动感到赞赏钦佩，故选C。
5
Thanksgiving Day was near. The first-grade teacher gave her class a fun assignment—to draw a picture of
something for which they were 71 .
Most of the class might be considered economically disadvantaged, but still many would 72 the
holiday with turkey and other 73 goodies of the season. These, the teacher thought, would be the 74
of most of her students’ art.
But Douglas made a different kind of 75 . He was the teacher’s true child of 76 and
unhappiness. As other children played at breaks, Douglas would stand 77 by her side. One could only
guess at the pain Douglas felt behind those 78 eyes.
Yes, his picture was different. When asked to draw a picture of something for which he was thankful, he
drew a 79 . Nothing else.
His abstract image 80 the imagination of his peers. Whose hand could it be? One child guessed it
was the hand of a farmer because farmers 81 turkeys. Another suggested a(n) 82 because the
police protect and care for people. And so the discussion went on.
When the children had gone on to other assignments, the teacher paused at Douglas’ desk, 83 , and
asked him whose hand it was.
The little boy looked away and muttered, ”It’s 84 , Madame.“
She recalled the times she had taken his hand and walked with him here or there. How 85 she said,
“Take my hand, Douglas, we’ll go outside.” or, “Let me show you how to hold your pencil.” or, “Let’s do this
together.”
Brushing aside a tear, she went on with her work.
71. A. painful B. grateful C. beautiful D. wonderful
72. A. skip B. remember C. celebrate D. mark
73. A. traditional B. agricultural C. personal D. memorial
74. A. subjects B. courses C. reasons D. comments
75. A. character B. homework C. task D. picture
76. A. surprise B. misery C. satisfaction D. joy
77. A. far B. straight C. close D. out
78. A. happy B. shiny C. sad D. broad
79. A. teacher B. school C. figure D. hand80. A. inspired B. matched C. defeated D. prevented
81. A. sell B. raise C. eat D. cook
82. A. officer B. soldier C. official D. doctor
83. A. slowed down B. calmed down C. took down D. bent down
84. A. mine B. hers C. yours D. his
85. A. pleasantly B. normally C. soon D. often
【答案】
71. B 72. C 73. A 74. A 75. D 76. B 77. C 78. C 79. D 80. A 81.
B 82. A 83. D 84. C 85. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。感恩节临近，一年级老师要求学生们画一幅关于自己感激的事物的画，学
生Douglas画了一只老师的手，这让老师非常感动。
71. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位一年级的老师给全班同学布置了一个有趣的作业，为他们感激的事
物画一幅画。A. painful令人痛苦（或难过、难堪）的；B. grateful感激的；C. beautiful美丽的；D.
wonderful精彩的。根据第四段中的“draw a picture of something for which he was thankful”可知，老师让学
生画一幅关于自己感激的事物的画，这里是thankful“感激的”的同义词复现。故选B。
72. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：班上的大多数人可能被认为在经济上处于贫困地位，但仍有许多人会用火
鸡和其他当季传统美食来庆祝这个节日。A. skip略过；B. remember记得；C. celebrate庆祝；D. mark作
记号。根据空后的“the holiday with turkey and other 3 goodies of the season”可知，这里是说庆祝
感恩节。故选C。
73. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. traditional传统的；B. agricultural农业的；C. personal个人
的；D. memorial纪念的，悼念的。根据and前的turkey可知，火鸡是感恩节的传统食物，结合空前的
other，这里是说其他传统美食。故选A。
74. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师认为，这些将是她学生大部分艺术的主题。A. subjects主题，绘画
（或拍摄）题材；B. courses课程；C. reasons理由；D. comments评论。These指代前文中说的火鸡和其他
传统美食，结合空后的“of most of her students’ art”可知，老师认为这些东西会是她大部分学生绘画的主
题。故选A。
75. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Douglas画了一张不同的照片。A. character性格；B. homework家庭作
业；C. task任务；D. picture画。根据第四段中的“his picture”可知，这里是说Douglas的画，是picture的
原词复现。故选D。
76. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是老师名副其实的悲惨不幸的孩子。A. surprise惊讶；B. misery悲惨；
C. satisfaction满意；D. joy高兴。根据空后的“and unhappiness”，这里应用和unhappiness感情色彩一致
的词，表达的是悲惨和不幸。故选B。77. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当其他孩子在课间休息时玩耍时，Douglas会紧紧地站在她身边。A. far远；
B. straight笔直地；C. close接近地；D. out在外。根据空后的“by her side”可知，Douglas紧紧地站在老师
身边。故选C。
78. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们只能猜测Douglas在那双悲伤的眼睛背后所感受到的痛苦。A.
happy高兴的；B. shiny光亮的；C. sad悲伤的；D. broad宽阔的。根据句中的“the pain Douglas felt”可知，
这里是说Douglas的眼神悲伤。故选C。
79. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被要求为他感激的事物画一幅画时，他画了一只手。A. teacher老师；
B. school学校；C. figure人物；D. hand手。根据下文多次提到的hand可知，这里是原词复现，Douglas
画了一只手。故选D。
80. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的抽象画激发了同龄人的想象力。A. inspired激发，引起联想；B.
matched相配；C. defeated打败；D. prevented阻止。根据下文中的“One child guessed...”“Another
suggested...”“the discussion went on”可知，这幅画引发了许多学生去猜想和讨论，所以是激发了同龄人的
想象力。故选A。
81. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个孩子猜是农民的手，因为农民养火鸡。A. sell卖；B. raise饲养；C.
eat吃；D. cook烹饪。根据句中的“farmers 1 1 turkeys”并结合常识可知，农民饲养火鸡。故选
B。
82. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一位表示是一名警官（的手），因为警察保护和照顾人们。A. officer警
察；B. soldier士兵；C. official要员，官员；D. doctor医生。根据句中的“the police”可知，这里是说一名
警官，空处是police的同义词复现。故选A。
83. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当孩子们继续做其他作业时，老师在Douglas的桌子旁停了下来，弯下腰，
问他是谁的手。A. slowed down（使）放慢；B. calmed down（使）平静；C. took down取下，拆掉；D.
bent down弯下身。这里是一连串动作，根据前后的“paused at Douglas’ desk”“asked him”并结合常识，老
师停在学生的书桌旁，问话时应是弯下腰耐心询问。故选D。
84. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：这是你的手，女士。A. mine我的；B. hers她的；C. yours你的；D. his他
的。根据最后一段中的“she had taken his hand”可知，老师经常牵着Douglas的手，所以Douglas画了老
师的手。故选C。
85. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她经常说：“牵着我的手，Douglas，我们出去。”或者，“让我教你怎
么拿铅笔。”或者“让我们一起做吧。”A. pleasantly令人愉快地；B. normally正常地；C. soon很快；D.
often经常。根据上文“She recalled the times she had taken his hand and walked with him here or there .(她回
忆起自己曾牵着他的手，与他四处散步的时候。)”可知，她不止一次牵着Douglas的手。故选D。
6“A” for Attitude
English was always my favorite subject. In my freshman year of high school, I could write a killer
composition. In my second year, my teacher 86 me to give spelling tests to the class. I had a 87
time of my junior year. Mrs Alexander 88 me to sit at her desk and take over the class when she had to
leave the room. But my senior English class was 89 , as we had a teacher right out of college who 90
college-level work. Every student received a “C” or “D” grade the first quarter. But English was still my favorite
subject.
I graduated from high school, 91 early and had children. 92 about my English, I often
helped my kids with their English homework. And I wrote long articles and beautiful poetry as a columnist (专栏
作家) for a newspaper. Fifteen years later, I went to college, and because I had been an “A” student, I remained an
“A” student. I 93 up to my own expectations.
Yesterday, I 94 my high school report cards when I was reading old papers. That bundle of report
cards 95 back the old days. I remembered sitting in my advisor’s office, 96 that I had
always be excelled at English, and recommending that I did not deserve a “D” from that inexperienced teacher of
my senior year. The advisor was 97 but unable to change a(n) 98 . Reading through my
old report cards revealed something else too. I wanted to 99 them or hide them. I was not an “A”
student in high school English! Somehow, I had 100 myself of this, when the grades clearly reflected
an average student with an 101 “A” or “B” but mostly “C” s.
If I had denied myself according to those grades, I would have never confidently 102 my
writing career. If I had 103 my early grades instead of myself, I would have allowed my fear of
failure to 104 enthusiasm and damage my creativity. Instead, I 105 my younger self as
an “A” English student, except for that undeserved “D”.
86. A. scolded B. consisted C. ordered D. allowed
87. A. bad B. wonderful C. terrible D. different
88. A. forced B. invited C. appointed D. urged
89. A. flexible B. instant C. disappointing D. traditional
90. A. believed B. expected C. argued D. thought
91. A. married B. worked C. succeeded D. progressed
92. A. Sad B. Confident C. Anxious D. Curious
93. A. added B. lived C. grew D. went
94. A. counted B. attended C. forgot D. discovered
95. A. brought B. turned C. held D. kept96. A. suggesting B. explaining C. reaching D. writing
97. A. impolite B. impatient C. content D. sympathetic
98. A. grade B. attitude C. paper D. shape
99. A. tear B. leave C. cry D. escape
100. A. warned B. squeezed C. played D. convinced
101. A. average B. occasional C. outstanding D. careful
102. A. prevented B. protected C. rejected D. sought
103. A. abandoned B. trusted C. given D. doubted
104. A. change B. risk C. defeat D. spend
105. A. viewed B. helped C. sang D. criticized
【答案】
86. D 87. B 88. C 89. C 90. B 91. A 92. B 93. B 94. D 95. A 96.
B 97. D 98. A 99. A 100. D 101. B 102. D 103. B 104. C 105. A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者小时候一直英语很好，但是到了高中英语没有以前那么好了，
可是作者并没有因为分数而来评判自己的水平，相反，她一直认为自己很优秀，最终还成为了作家。
86. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我高二年级时，我的老师允许我给班级进行拼写测试。A. scolded责备；
B. consisted组成；C. ordered命令；D. allowed允许。根据上文“In my freshman year of high school, I could
write a killer composition.”可知，我的英语非常优秀。所以此处指老师允许（allow）我给全班同学进行拼
写测试。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人干某事”。故选D。
87. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我高三的时候过得很愉快。A. bad坏的；B. wonderful精彩的；C.
terrible可怕的；D. different不同的。根据下文“Mrs Alexander 3 me to sit at her desk and take
over the class when she had to leave the room.”可知，老师不在的时候就让我坐在她的桌前，说明作者上高
中的时候英语特棒所以过得特别开心，用wonderful表示。have a wonderful time“过得愉快，玩得开心”。
故选B。
88. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当亚历山大夫人不得不离开教室时，她指定我坐在她的桌前，接管课堂。
A. forced强迫；B. invited邀请；C. appointed任命；指定；D. urged强烈要求。根据句中“take over the
class when she had to leave the room”可知，是老师指定（appoint）我坐在她的桌前，看着班级。故选C。
89. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我的四年级英语课令人失望，因为我们有一位大学刚毕业的老师，他
期待着大学水平的作业。A. flexible灵活的； B. instant立即的；即食的；C. disappointing令人失望的；
D. traditional传统的。从下文“Every student received a “C” or “D” grade the first quarter.”可知，我的同学英
语成绩都只得了C等或者是D等，所以此处应该是我对四年级的英语分数很失望。故选C。
90. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我的四年级英语课令人失望，因为我们有一位大学刚毕业的老师，他期待着大学水平的作业。A. believed相信；B. expected期待；C. argued争论；D. thought认为。从上文的
“as we had a teacher right out of college”和下文的“college-level work”可知，刚刚大学毕业的老师期望他
们有大学的水平。故选B。
91. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我高中毕业，早早结婚，有了孩子。A. married结婚；B. worked工作；C.
succeeded成功；D. progressed前进。根据下文“and had children”可知，作者高中毕业后就结婚
（married）了。故选A。
92. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我的英语很有信心，我经常帮助孩子做英语作业。A. Sad难过的；B.
Confident自信的；C. Anxious焦虑的； D. Curious好奇的。根据下文“I often helped my kids with their
English homework.”可知，因为我对自己的英语很自信，才敢经常帮助孩子做英语作业。故选B。
93. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有辜负自己的期望。A. added增加；B. lived生活；C. grew增加；D.
went去。根据上文“Fifteen years later, I went to college, and because I had been an “A” student, I remained an
“A” student.”（15年后，我上了大学，因为我曾是一名“A”等学生，所以我还是一名“A”等学生。）可
知，之后我上了大学，表现良好，说明自己没有辜负自己的期望。live up to one’s expectations达到某人的
期望值、不辜负某人的期望。故选B。
94. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天，我在看旧报纸时发现了我的高中成绩单。A. counted计算；B.
attended出席；C. forget忘记；D. discovered发现。由本处语境可知，昨天我看旧报纸时，我发现
（discover）了我的高中成绩单。故选D。
95. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一摞成绩单使我想起了过去。A. brought带来；B. turned转身；C. held
拿，保持；D. kept保存。从后文“I remembered sitting in my advisor’s office”可知，那一成捆的成绩单使
我想起了过去，bring back使记起，使想起。故选A。
96. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回想到我坐在指导老师的办公室里，解释说我的英语一直都出类拔萃，
并建议我不应该得到那个没有经验的高四老师的“D”等评级。A. suggesting建议；B. explaining解释；C.
reaching到达；D. writing写。从下文的“recommending that I did not deserve a “D” from that inexperienced
teacher of my senior year”可知，我向指导老师解释自己一直是擅长英语的。故选B。
97. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：指导老师很同情，但无法改变分数。A. impolite不礼貌的；B. impatient
不耐心的；C. content满足的； D. sympathetic有同情心的。从下文的“but unable to change a(n) 13 ”，可
知我的指导老师是表示同情的。故选D。
98. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：指导老师很同情，但无法改变分数。A. grade分数；B. attitude态度；C.
paper试卷；D. shape形状。从前面的句子“I did not deserve a ‘D’ from that inexperienced teacher of my
senior year”可知，我的指导老师是表示同情的，但是不能够改动分数。故选A。
99. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想把它们撕了或者藏起来。A. tear撕掉；B. leave离开；C. cry哭；D.escape逃跑。从下文的“or hide them”可知，我不能接受这个等级评分，想把它们撕掉或藏起来。故选
A。
100. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，当成绩清楚地反映出一个偶尔“A”或“B”，但大部分是
“C”的普通学生时，我已经说服了自己。A. warned警告；B. squeezed挤；C. played玩；D. convinced
使……相信。由上文“I was not an “A” student in high school English! ”（我高中英语不是“A”等学生！）
可知，成绩单最后让我相信，我实际上平均水平是C，是一个普通学生，convince sb. of sth. 使某人相
信……。故选D。
101. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，当成绩清楚地反映出一个偶尔“A”或“B”，但大部分是
“C”的普通学生时，我已经说服了自己。A. average平均的；B. occasional偶然的；C. outstanding杰出的；
D. careful小心的。根据下文“mostly “C”s”可知，此处指偶尔（occasional）得“A”或“B”得情况。故选
B。
102. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我根据这些成绩否定了自己，我将永远不会自信地寻求写作生涯。
A. prevented阻止； B. protected保护；C. rejected拒绝；D. sought寻找；追求。此句话用了虚拟语气，意
思是如果我根据这些成绩否定了自己，我就永远不会那么自信地寻求我的写作生涯，拥有现在的写作事
业，成为专栏作家。故选D。
103. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我相信我早期的成绩，而没有能相信自己，那么我将会让失败的恐
惧击败我的热情，毁坏我的创造力。A. abandoned放弃；B. trusted相信、信任；C. given给；D. doubted
怀疑。此句话也是虚拟语气，呼应上文“我没有根据成绩否定自己”可知，我当初也没有相信我早期的
成绩，要不然我将会让失败的恐惧来战胜我的热情，毁坏我的创造力。故选B。
104. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我相信我早期的成绩，而没有能相信自己，那么我将会让失败的恐
惧击败我的热情，毁坏我的创造力。A. change改变；B. risk冒险；C. defeat击败；D. spend花费。根据下
文的“damage my creativity”可知，如果我不相信自己，我就会让失败的恐惧击败自己的写作热情。故选
C。
105. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我除了那些不该得的“D”等之外，我一直认为我自己是“A”等的
学生。A. viewed看； B. helped帮助；C. sang唱歌；D. criticized批评。由上文语境，正是因为我一直认
为自己是“A”等学生，我才拥有现在的写作事业，成为专栏作家，view…as把……看作。故选A。
7
Most of the time, people are well aware of the circumstances of exchange: they exchange this for that. But in
the rare circumstances when they’ve not prepared with gift-giving in return, they can be 106 with
feelings of guilt. Receiving a gift, Jacques Derrida, a French thinker, thought, could make one feel like a 107
trapped in a cycle of economic exchange. People don’t like the feeling of being under obligation (人情债) , andtry to dismiss the 108 they can feel as quickly as possible.
Private gift-giving, as the Frankfurt school theorist Theodor Adorno worried, has become an empty
procedure. There’s no denying that in at least some cases, people give gifts 109 . This has less to do with
gift-giving itself, and more to do with the choosing of gifts. Gift-giving looks like an obligation, and a fairly
110 one at that. Sure, there is giving gifts to lovers, friends and family. But then there is also the world of gift-
giving like Secret Santa Claus, practices that keep gift-giving routines going well 111 the circles of
people we know well enough to make choosing presents 112 .
For these forced occasions, for, say, the coworker we’ve never spoken to, there are pre-printed cards and
commercial guides. Even when the receiver is well-known, people want to 113 the effort needed for
gifting. A relative once sent me a gift basket of dried fruit, nuts and cured meats; both the offending party and I are
vegetarians.
If gift-giving has become more transaction (交易的), with the give-and-take a(n) 114 itself, so has
complimenting.
This 115 choice — fulfill your obligation to return the 116 or resign yourself
to guilt — comes from belonging to a society structured around commodities and their 117 .The
trouble is, if compliments are transactions, feeling that we’re under obligation is a natural state of affairs. To
imagine that we could completely overcome our ways of thinking about compliments, 118 ,
requires 119 our social and economic forms of life. 120 a difficult demand, this
could be the true gift Adorno and Derrida were hoping for.
106. A. proud B. troubled C. happy D. exchange
107. A. owner B. loaner C. donor D. debtor
108. A. prejudice B. inferiority C. inequality D. priority
109. A. reluctantly B. quickly C. carefully D. gladly
110. A. affordable B. widespread C. influential D. commercial
111. A. within B. behind C. against D. beyond
112. A. unpleasant B. enjoyable C. adequate D. fashionable
113. A. minimize B. maximize C. complicate D. formalize
114. A. means B. reason C. end D. process
115. A. agreed B. limited C. forced D. suited
116. A. praise B. offence C. greeting D. favour
117. A. application B. promotion C. interaction D. exchange
118. A. therefore B. however C. moreover D. meanwhile119. A. following B. restoring C. rethinking D. proceeding
120. A. Unless B. While C. Since D. Whether
【答案】
106. B 107. D 108. C 109. A 110. B 111. D 112. B 113. A 114. C 115.
C 116. A 117. D 118. B 119. C 120. B
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。作者以送礼为例阐述了恭维话的代价，很多时候人们被迫收礼送礼，这更
多是因为选择礼物。我们之所以被迫做出这样的选择，是因为我们身处一个围绕商品及其交易所构建的
社会。恭维也是如此。倘若想要彻底克服这种对待恭维的思维方式，我们必须反思生活的社会和经济形
式。
106. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数时候人们都能很清楚地意识到存在交易的情况：他们用这个交
换那个。但在少数情况下由于没准备回礼，他们会感到内疚。A. proud骄傲的；B. troubled烦恼的；忧虑
的；C. happy快乐地；D.exchange交换。根据when they’ve not prepared with gift-giving in return可推断，
没有准备好回礼会让人因为负罪感而烦恼。故选B。
107. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：法国思想家，德里达看来，接受礼物会让人感觉像是欠债一般，被困在
经济交换的循环中无法抽身。A. owner主人；B. loaner贷款人；C. donor捐赠人；D. debtor债务人。根据
下文People don’t like the feeling of being under obligation (人情债)可推断，接受礼物的人感觉像是欠了债一
样，像一个债务人。故选D。
108. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们不喜欢欠别人人情的感觉，会试图尽快摆脱这种可以感受到的不平
等。A.prejudice偏见；B. inferiority劣势；C. inequality不平等；D. priority优先权。欠人人情债会让人感
觉不平等。故选C。
109. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不可否认的是，至少在某些情况下，人们不情愿送礼。A. reluctantly不
情愿地；B. quickly快速地；C. carefully仔细地；D. gladly高兴地。根据上文Private gift-giving, as the
Frankfurt school theorist Theodor Adorno worried, has become an empty procedure.可知，私人之间的赠送礼物
已经变成了一种空洞的仪式，可推断，有时候，人们送礼是不情愿地。故选A。
110. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这与赠送礼物本身无关，更多是关于礼物的挑选。赠送礼物看上去像
是一种义务，而且是种非常普遍的义务。A. affordable负担得起的；B. widespread普遍地；C. influential
有影响力的；D. commercial商业的。根据下文Sure, there is giving gifts to lovers, friends and family.可知，
的确，要给爱人，朋友和家人送礼，因此送礼是一个相当普遍的义务。故选B。
111. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：但还有一类是像“秘密圣诞老人”的送礼世界游戏，这些做法让送礼的
圈子不断扩大，大到那些我们足够熟知从而享受为其挑选礼物的圈子之外。A. within在……范围内；B.
behind在……后面；C. against违反；D. beyond超越。根据but可推断，与上文是转折关系，上文说送礼就像是义务，因此推断此处说明，送礼超越了我们熟悉的圈子，让选择礼物成为愉快的。故选D。
112. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：但还有一类是像“秘密圣诞老人”的送礼世界游戏，这些做法
让送礼的圈子不断扩大，大到那些我们足够熟知从而享受为其挑选礼物的圈子之外。A. unpleasant令人不
愉快的；B. enjoyable令人愉快的；C. adequate充分的；D. fashionable时髦的。根据语境可知，送礼圈子
不断扩大，达到足以让选择礼物成为令人愉快的。故选B。
113. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这些无奈的情况下，比如说要给我们从没说过话的同事送礼，有提前
印好的卡片和商品指南来帮我们应付。即使收礼方是自己所熟知的，人们仍希望尽可能少地在送礼上花
工夫。A. minimize把……减至最低数量[程度]；B. maximize使（某事物）增至最大限度；C. complicate
使复杂化；D. formalize使正式。根据上文Even when the receiver is well-known可推断，即使接收礼物的
人是熟人，人们也不愿意付出努力送礼，也就是尽量的把送礼的努力降到最小。故选A。
114. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果送礼已经变得更像交易，赠与和收受本身成了目的，那么恭维也是
一样。A. means手段；B. reason原因；C. end目的；目标；D. process过程。根据上文gift-giving has
become more transaction可知，送礼变得更像交易，那么赠与与收受就成了目的。故选C。
115. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：要么履行义务老老实实回口称赞，要么任自己心生愧疚：我们之所以被
迫做出这样的选择，是因为我们身处一个围绕商品及其交易所构建的社会。A. agreed同意；B. limited限
制；C. forced强迫；D. suited适合。根据下文comes from belonging to a society structured around
commodities可知，我们身处一个围绕商品的社会，因此推断我们要被迫做出选择。故选C。
116. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：要么履行义务老老实实回口称赞，要么任自己心生愧疚：我们之所以被
迫做出这样的选择，是因为我们身处一个围绕商品及其交易所构建的社会。A. praise表扬；B. offence冒
犯；C. greeting欢迎；D. favour恩惠。根据上文fulfill your obligation可知，完成了义务，应给予称赞。故
选A。
117. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：要么履行义务老老实实回口称赞，要么任自己心生愧疚：我们之所以被
迫做出这样的选择，是因为我们身处一个围绕商品及其交易所构建的社会。A. application应用；B.
promotion提报；C. interaction合作；互动；D. exchange交流。根据语境，their指代上文提到的
“commodities”，因此应是商品的交换，与上文提到的互换礼物照应。故选D。
118. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，倘若想要彻底克服这种对待恭维的思维方式，我们必须反思生活
的社会和经济形式。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. moreover此外；而且；D. meanwhile同时。上
文The trouble is, if compliments are transactions, feeling that we’re under obligation is a natural state of affairs.
讲述问题是，如果恭维是一种交易，那么产生负债感是很自然的事儿。此处与下文是转折关系。故选B。
119. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，倘若想要彻底克服这种对待恭维的思维方式，我们必须反思生活
的社会和经济形式。A. following跟随；B. restoring恢复；C. rethinking重新思考；反思；D. proceeding前进。根据上文To imagine that we could completely overcome our ways of thinking about compliments可知，克
服对待恭维的思维方式需要我们反思生活的社会和经济形式。故选C。
120. 考查连接词辨析。句意：尽管难如登天，但这或许是阿多诺和德里达真正一直期待的礼物。A.
Unless除非；B. While尽管；C. Since自从；D. Whether是否，根据句意上下文是让步关系。故选B。
8
In Florida for Thanksgiving, I was surfing the channel guide for CNN, hoping to find out whether a decision
had been reached in the Michael Brown case (the case of a police officer who shot an unarmed teenager Michael
Brown on Aug. 9, 2014). I said, looking at the television screen, “I hope they 121 him.”
My mother’s tone pierced (刺破) the 122 “Why, why would you hope for that?” I exhaled （吐气）,
knowing I was about to have 123 uncomfortable conversation with my mother, the retired 124
“He was unarmed, ma,” I said to her. “ 125 he was a kid.”
To her, even if only for a moment, I was just another asshole (混蛋) on the street. I 126 it in her face,
and it was terrible. She said 127 , “You don’t know the whole story, you haven’t seen the evidence.
Whether you like it or not, cops are innocent 128 proven guilty too.” I stayed 129 as she continued.
“And he wasn’t a kid, he was 130 What if that was me facing Michael Brown? I wouldn’t have 131 a
chance.”
My5′8〞mother couldn’t have 132 a 6′4〞man without a weapon. I would want her to pull out her gun
and fire until she came home to me because that’s my mom and it’s my job to get crazy when I think of her in
133 Just like when I 134 the man who slapped her in face and knocked her to the ground, bile (胆汁)
rises in my throat.
This is my lived experience. I 135 in a household where my mother and stepfather wore guns and
136 They always came home with 137 ; some we could hear, and some 138 in the kitchen. We
gathered together at night with my two younger sisters to watch TV as a family: “Rescue 911,” “America’s Most
Wanted,” “Law & Order,” all the 90s cops shows. We watched “Picket Fences” until the one 139 where
the cop killer got off, and my mother and I had our first uncomfortable conversation when I said he might be
140 . After that, we had to boycott（联合抵制）the show.
121. A. forgive B. praise C. free D. accuse
122. A. soul B. air C. throat D. case
123. A. another B. any C. this D. that
124. A. cop B. justice C. housewife D. lawyer
125. A. But B. So C. And D. Yet
126. A. watched B. touched C. saw D. felt127. A. naturally B. seriously C. mildly D. anxiously
128. A. if B. when C. though D. until
129. A. easy B. awake C. sleepy D. quiet
130. A. enormous B. typical C. energetic D. troublesome
131. A. made B. given C. missed D. stood
132. A. Calmed down B. taken down C. let down D. fallen down
133. A. tears B. despair C. danger D. vain
134. A. picture B. mirror C. shape D. draw
135. A. was born B. was adopted C. brought up D. grew up
136. A. radios B. glasses C. watches D. earphones
137. A. gifts B. stories C. snacks D. shows
138. A. delivered B. enjoyed C. tasted D. whispered
139. A. adventure B. accident C. incident D. contradiction
140. A. lucky B. innocent C. flexible D. ridiculous
【答案】
121. D 122. B 123. A 124. A 125. C 126. C 127. B 128. D 129. D
130. A 131. D 132. B 133. C 134. A 135. D 136. A 137. B 138. D
139. C 140. B
【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了我在网上找关于警察射杀了手无寸铁青少年的新闻的时
候和母亲的一场谈话，谈话过程中我也想到了自己的成长经历。
121. D考查词语辨析A.forgive原谅；B.praise表扬；C.free自由的；D.accuse指责。结合上文，作者正在
弗罗里达州看CNN的新闻，希望找到一些关系麦克·布朗的案子的结果。作者希望射杀了麦克的警察能够
受到控告。故选D
122. B考查名词辨析A.soul灵魂；B.air空气；C.throat喉咙；D.case事件。我母亲的一句话打破了沉寂的
气氛。这里的air指的是气氛，故选B
123. A考查代词辨析A.another另一个；B.any任何；C.this这个；D.that那个。我吐了一口气，知道我将
和我母亲一场来不愉快的谈话。根据文章结尾处的回想：I had our first uncomfortable conversation我们第
一次不愉快的谈话，所以这里是另一个。故选A
124. A考查名词辨析A.cop警察；B.justice法官；C.housewife家庭主妇；D.lawyer律师。根据后文中的
her gun她的枪，我们知道母亲是拿着枪的，所以只能是退休了的警察，故选A。
125. C考查连词辨析A.But但是；B.So于是；C.And和；D.Yet但是；“他是一个有武器的人，妈妈”我
对她说“而他只是个孩子”表示对比，故用and。126. C考查动词辨析A.watched看；B.touched接触；C.saw看；D.felt感受。对于她来说，即使只有一小
会，我只是街上的一个小混蛋，我从她的脸上看到了这一点，故选C
127. B考查副词辨析A.naturally自然地；B.seriously严肃地；C.mildly温和地；D.anxiously焦虑的。她严
肃的说：“你不知道完整的故事，你没有见到证据……”从语境可以推断出来这里的母亲的语气很严肃。
故选B
128. D考查连词辨析A.if如果；B.when当…；C.though尽管；D.until直到…。“…不管你是否喜欢，警
察是无罪的，直到有证据证明他们有罪。”故选D
129. D考查形容词辨析A.easy简单的；B.awake清醒的；C.sleepy昏昏入睡的；D.quiet安静的。在她继续
说的过程中我保持沉默，故选D
130. A考查形容词辨析A.enormous巨大的、凶暴的；B.typical典型的；C.energetic有活力的；
D.troublesome令人烦恼的。“并且他不是一个孩子，他很凶残，如果是我正面对着麦克·布朗，我……”
131. D考查短语辨析A.made做；B.given给；C.missed错过；D.stood站立、忍受。Stand a chance意思是
有机会，这里的意思是说，如果是我面对着麦克·布朗，我将不会有机会（射杀他）。
132. B考查短语辨析A.Calmed down镇定；B.taken down记录、拆卸；C.let down失望；D.fallen down落
下。这里是指我5英尺8英寸的母亲，不可能在手无寸铁的情况下制服一个6英尺4英寸的男人。故选B
133. C考查词语辨析A.tears眼泪；B.despair绝望；C.danger危险；D.vain徒劳的；当我想到她处于危险
的情况的时候，我会疯。故选C
134. A考查词语辨析A.picture画图；B.mirror镜子；C.shape形状；D.draw平局、抽奖。就像当我在（脑
海里）描绘那个男人打她一巴掌，并且把她推到地上的时候，苦涩的胆汁涌上我的喉咙。故选A
135. D考查短语辨析A.was born出生；B.was adopted适应；C.brought up 养大；D.grew up长大。我在一
个我母亲和继父都带着枪的家庭长大。
136. A考查名词辨析A.radios无线电台；B.glasses眼睛；C.watches手表；D.earphones耳机。从常理上推
断，警察一般都带着枪和无线的对讲机，故选A
137. B考查名词辨析A.gifts礼物；B.stories故事；C.snacks零食；D.shows表演。他们总是带着故事回家，
一些我们能听…。故选B
138. D考查动词辨析A.delivered交给；B.enjoyed享受；C.tasted平常；D.whispered低声细语。他们总是
带着故事回家，一些我们可以听，一些故事他们只能在厨房小声地说。故选D
139. C考查名词辨析A.adventure冒险；B.accident事故；C.incident事件；D.contradiction矛盾。我们正看
着花絮，直到那个警察杀手下车，我母亲和我开始了我们第一个不愉快的谈话。这里的事件指的就是警
察杀手下车。故选C
140. B考查形容词辨析A.lucky幸运的；B.innocent无辜的；C.flexible灵活的；D.ridiculous可笑的。我说
他可能是无辜的的时候我和母亲有了第一次不愉快的谈话。故选B9
Christine became more and more anxious as Hurricane Lan gained in strength on Wednesday, sweeping
across southwest Florida. Hours passed without a 141 from her 84-year-old mother. Thursday morning
came. The storm had calmed down overnight, but there was 142 no word. Stuck on the other side of the
country in Las Vegas, Christine 143 help on social media to see if someone could 144 her
mother.
Christine had no way to 145 her mom, Shirley, who lost her cellphone before the storm. Then her
landline (座机) was 146 . Before the storm, an evacuation (撤离) vehicle had 147 her on its
route. With nowhere to go, she rode it out by herself.
By Thursday afternoon, a kind woman came to the 148 . Cheynne had 149 damage to
her own home during the storm, but the Florida resident made her way through chest-high 150 to
Shirley’s home.
Flooding had cut the mother off from her neighbors and the 151 of her community. She couldn’t
152 on her own because she needs a walker to get around.
When Cheynne walked through the door, there was 153 —the woman was alive and safe. Mother
and daughter were able to speak 154 on the phone, enough to 155 Christine’s worries, but
their conversation was cut short because her mom’s hearing aids had stopped 156 . Still, Cheynne was
able to send her a photo of her mom 157 — safe and sound. Cheynne 158 that evening to
help take Shirley to dry ground.
“I’m 159 for this stranger,” Christine said, “a total stranger. People are 160 ”
141. A. gift B. lesson C. word D. view
142. A. almost B. still C. even D. already
143. A. sought B. deserved C. obtained D. appreciated
144. A. turn to B. refer to C. rely on D. check on
145. A. trust B. persuade C. contact D. forgive
146. A. expensive B. inaccessible C. essential D. independent
147. A. detected B. followed C. missed D. hit
148. A. rescue B. end C. conclusion D. realization
149. A. caused B. limited C. assessed D. sustained
150. A. hardwoods B. floodwaters C. targets D. grasses
151. A. location B. benefit C. absence D. rest
152. A. sleep B. escape C. breathe D. cook153. A. relief B. regret C. anger D. pride
154. A. frequently B. madly C. briefly D. secretly
155. A. ease B. confirm C. ignore D. mention
156. A. existing B. selling C. charging D. working
157. A. smiling B. crying C. hesitating D. changing
158. A. learned B. failed C. pretended D. returned
159. A. helpful B. thankful C. responsible D. available
160. A. interesting B. honest C. amazing D. humorous
【答案】
141. C 142. B 143. A 144. D 145. C 146. B 147. C 148. A 149. D
150. B 151. D 152. B 153. A 154. C 155. A 156. D 157. A 158. D
159. B 160. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位84岁的母亲杳无音信，且遇到暴风雨与家人失去联系，
得到一个陌生人帮助的故事。
141. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个小时过去了，她84岁的母亲杳无音信。A. gift礼物；B. lesson功课；
C. word消息，单词；D. view观点。根据空前后“Hours passed without a 1 from her 84-year-old
mother.”和下文“no word”可知，此处指没有“消息”。故选C。
142. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：暴风雨一夜之间平息了，但仍然没有消息。A. almost几乎；B. still仍然；
C. even甚至；D. already已经。根据空前后“The storm had calmed down overnight, but there was 2
no word.”可知，此处指“仍然”没有消息。故选B。
143. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：克莉丝汀被困在美国另一边的拉斯维加斯，她在社交媒体上寻求帮助，
看看是否有人能帮她看看母亲的情况。A. sought寻找；B. deserved值得；C. obtained获得；D. appreciated
赏识，感激。根据“help on social media to see”可知，此处指“寻求” 帮助。故选A。
144. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：克莉丝汀被困在美国另一边的拉斯维加斯，她在社交媒体上寻求帮助，
看看是否有人能帮她看看母亲的情况。A. turn to求助于；B. refer to提及；C. rely on 依赖；D. check on查
看，检查。根据空前后“to see if someone could 4 her mother.”可知，此处指“检查”一下母亲
的情况。故选D。
145. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：克里斯汀无法联系到她的妈妈雪莉，雪莉在暴风雨前丢失了手机。A.
trust信任；B. persuade说服；C. contact联系；D. forgive原谅。根据空后“who lost her cellphone before the
storm.”可知，失去了联系。故选C。
146. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她的座机打不通。A. expensive昂贵的；B. inaccessible不可及的；
C. essential必不可少的；D. independent独立的。根据上文“Christine 3 help on social media tosee if someone could 4 her mother.”推知，雪莉的座机也无法打通。故选B。
147. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：暴风雨来临前，一辆疏散车在路上错过了她。A. detected探测；B.
followed跟随；C. missed想念，错过；D. hit击打。根据下文“With nowhere to go, she rode it out by
herself.”可知，疏散车“错过”了她。故选C。
148. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了周四下午，一位善良的女士前来救援。A. rescue营救；B. end结束；
C. conclusion结论；D. realization领悟。根据下文“but the Florida resident made her way through chest-high
10 to Shirley’s home.可知，一位女士前来营救。故选A。
149. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在风暴中，谢恩自己的家也遭到了破坏，但这位佛罗里达州的居民还是
穿过齐胸高的洪水来到了雪莉的家。A. caused引起；B. limited限制；C. assessed评估；D. sustained维持，
遭受。根据空前后“Cheynne had 9 damage to her own home during the storm,”可知，家遭到破坏。
故选D。
150. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在风暴中，谢恩自己的家也遭到了破坏，但这位佛罗里达州的居民还是
穿过齐胸高的洪水来到了雪莉的家。A. hardwoods硬木；B. floodwaters洪水；C. targets目标；D. grasses
草地。根据下文“Flooding had cut the mother off from her neighbors”可知，谢恩淌洪水来到Shirley家。故
选B。
151. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：洪水切断了这位母亲与邻居和其他社区的联系。A. location地点，位置；
B. benefit好处；C. absence缺席；D. rest其他的，休息。根据“Flooding had cut the mother off from her
neighbors ”可知，此处指洪水不仅切断了这位母亲与邻居联系，也切断了她和其他人的联系。故选D。
152. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不能自己逃走，因为她需要一个助行器。A. sleep睡眠；B. escape逃走；
C. breathe呼吸；D. cook煮，烧。根据“because she needs a walker to get around.”可知，这位母亲不能自己
逃走。故选B。
153. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当谢恩走进门时，松了一口气——这个女人还活着，而且很安全。A.
relief宽慰；B. regret后悔；C. anger生气；D. pride自豪，骄傲。根据空后“the woman was alive and safe.”
可知，此处指“松了一口气”。故选A。
154. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：母女俩在电话里简短地交谈了几句，足以缓解克里斯汀的担忧，但她们
的谈话被打断了，因为她妈妈的助听器坏了。A. frequently频繁地；B. madly疯狂地；C. briefly简短地；
D. secretly秘密地。根据“ but their conversation was cut short ”可知，母女只进行了简短的交流。故选C。
155. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：母女俩在电话里简短地交谈了几句，足以缓解克里斯汀的担忧，但她们
的谈话被打断了，因为她妈妈的助听器坏了。A. ease减轻，缓和；B. confirm确定，确认；C. ignore忽视；
D. mention提到。根据空前后“enough to 1 5 Christine’s worries,”可知，此处指“减缓”担忧。故
选A。156. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：母女俩在电话里简短地交谈了几句，足以缓解克里斯汀的担忧，但她们
的谈话被打断了，因为她妈妈的助听器坏了。A. existing存在；B. selling卖；C. charging要价，收费；D.
working工作。根据空前“her mom’s hearing aids had stopped_____”推知，母亲的助听器坏了，即不能工作
了。故选D。
157. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，谢恩还是给她发了一张妈妈微笑着的照片——安然无恙。A.
smiling微笑；B. crying 哭；C. hesitating犹豫不决；D. changing改变。根据“— safe and sound.”可知，发
了一张“微笑的”照片。故选A。
158. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，谢恩回来帮助把雪莉带到干的地方。A. learned学习；B.
failed失败；C. pretended假装；D. returned归还，返回。根据空后“hat evening to help take Shirley to dry
ground.”可知，此处指“回来”。故选D。
159. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我感谢这个陌生人，”克里斯汀说，“一个完全陌生的人。人们是
了不起的。”A. helpful有帮助的；B. thankful感谢的；C. responsible负责任的；D. available可用的。根据
常识可知，对救了自己妈妈的人，克里斯汀应该感激。固定搭配：be thankful for“对……感谢”。故选
B。
160. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我感谢这个陌生人，”克里斯汀说，“一个完全陌生的人。人们是
了不起的。”A. interesting有趣的；B. honest诚实的；C. amazing惊讶的，了不起的；D. humorous幽默的。
根据上文故事可知，一个完全陌生的人救了雪莉，这让女儿克里斯汀觉得她非常了不起。故选C。
10
Tom is one of the first and one of the most inspiring kids. His passion (激情) is the 161 and he has
been giving to those in need since he was only six.
Several years ago, Hurricane Charley 162 near his home in Tampa, Florida. Afterward, he 163
27 pickup trucks full of water. He donated it to aid those who were displaced by the 164 .
Then Tom 165 the Little Red Wagon Foundation to focus on helping homeless kids. There were
1.3 million homeless 166 who live in the United States. “These kids don’t have a 167 . They
don’t have a safe place to sleep at night,” said Tom. “They are out on the 168 not because they want to
be, but because it’s out of their control.”
Tom has led many incredible 169 in his campaign for homeless children. In fact, Tom 170
across the USA, nearly 2,500 miles, from Tampa to Los Angeles to 171 money for homeless kids.
As Tom said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a 172 step. Most people don’t walk a
thousand miles, or 2,500, but what it really means is that we all need to take that first step to get something
173 done.”
Tom also lived outside in a box with only a sleeping bag and cardboard for 7 straight days to raise 174for homelessness. He received over 6,000 cans of 175 food that he delivered to local homeless
shelters.
161. A. disabled B. homeless C. poor D. old
162. A. stopped B. left C. disappeared D. struck
163. A. pushed B. drove C. connected D. selected
164. A. hurricane B. flood C. struggle D. failure
165. A. quit B. created C. invited D. required
166. A. students B. animals C. kids D. adults
167. A. home B. goal C. hope D. school
168. A. islands B. roofs C. stages D. streets
169. A. activities B. institutions C. talks D. battles
170. A. sailed B. walked C. marched D. rushed
171. A. spend B. provide C. raise D. receive
172. A. different B. particular C. fast D. single
173. A. big B. special C. legal D. magical
174. A. standards B. awareness C. data D. questions
175. A. frozen B. recycled C. spared D. donated
【答案】
161. B 162. D 163. C 164. A 165. B 166. C 167. A 168. D 169. A
170. B 171. C 172. D 173. A 174. B 175. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tom做慈善，建立基金会帮助无家可归的人的暖心故事。
161. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在帮助无家可归的人这件事上很有激情，他从六岁起就开始帮助那
些需要帮助的人。A. disabled有残疾的；B. homeless无家可归的；C. poor贫穷的；D. old老的。根据下文
“Then Tom ____5____ the Little Red Wagon Foundation to focus on helping homeless kids.”以及“his
campaign for homeless children”可推知，此处指Tom致力于帮助无家可归的人。故选B项。
162. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，飓风Charley袭击了佛罗里达州坦帕市他的家附近。A. stopped
（使）停止；B. left离开；C. disappeared消失；D. struck碰撞。根据上文“Hurricane Charley”以及下文
“near his home in Tampa”可推知，此处指飓风Charley袭击了坦帕市。故选D项。
163. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，他联系了27辆装满水的小货车。A. pushed推动；B. drove驾驶；
C. connected连接、联系；D. selected选择。根据下文“He donated it”可推知，此处指飓风来临后，Tom
联系了27台车，车上装满水，然后将它们捐赠了。故选C项。
164. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把它捐赠给了那些因飓风而流离失所的人。A. hurricane飓风；B. flood洪水；C. struggle斗争；D. failure失败。根据上文“Hurricane Charley struck near his home”可推知，此处
指Tom将27台车上装载的水捐赠给了因飓风而流离失所的人。故选A项。
165. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后Tom创建了小红车基金会，致力于帮助无家可归的孩子。A. quit退
出；B. created创建；C. invited邀请；D. required需要。根据下文“the Little Red Wagon Foundation to
focus on helping homeless kids”可推知，此处指Tom为了帮助无家可归的孩子，创建了小红车基金会。故
选B项。
166. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国有130万无家可归的孩子。A. students学生；B. animals动物；C.
kids孩子；D. adults成年人。根据上文“helping homeless kids”以及下文“These kids”可推知，此处指美国
无家可归的孩子的数量。故选C项。
167. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些孩子没有家。A. home家；B. goal目标；C. hope希望；D. school学
校。根据上文“There were 1.3 million homeless kids who live in the United States.”可推知，此处指上文提到
的无家可归的孩子们都没有家。故选A项。
168. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在外面的大街上不是因为他们想这样，而是因为这已经超出了他们
的控制。A. islands岛屿；B. roofs屋顶；C. stages舞台；D. streets街道。根据上文“They don’t have a safe
place to sleep at night”和“They are out on the”以及下文“not because they want to be, but because it’s out of
their control”可推知，此处指无家可归的孩子们无处可去，不得不呆在外面的大街上。故选D项。
169. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Tom为无家可归的孩子们发起的运动中，他领导了许多令人难以置信
的活动。A. activities活动；B. institutions机构；C. talks讨论；D. battles战役。根据上文“Tom has led
many”以及下文“in his campaign for homeless children”可推知，此处指Tom在帮助无家可归的孩子们时，
领导了许多令人难以置信的活动。故选A项。
170. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Tom徒步穿越美国，从坦帕到洛杉矶，将近2500英里，为无家
可归的孩子筹集资金。A. sailed航行；B. walked走、行走；C. marched齐步走、行进；D. rushed迅速移动。
根据下文“Most people don’t walk a thousand miles, or 2,500”可推知，此处指Tom穿越了美国，走了将近
2500英里。短语“walk across”意为“走过、步行穿过”。故选B项。
171. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Tom徒步穿越美国，从坦帕到洛杉矶，将近2500英里，为无家
可归的孩子筹集资金。A. spend花费；B. provide提供；C. raise筹集；D. receive接收。根据下文“money
for homeless kids”可推知，此处指Tom为无家可归的孩子筹钱。故选C项。
172. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：千里之行，始于足下。A. different不同的；B. particular特别的；C. fast
快速的；D. single单个的、单人的。本句是一句谚语，根据下文“Most people don’t walk a thousand miles,
or 2,500, but what it really means is that we all need to take that first step”可推知，Tom认为走千里远的路程需
从脚下第一步开始，成功都是由小到大逐步积累而成的。故选D项。173. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人不会走1000英里，也不会走2500英里，但它真正的意思是，
我们都需要迈出第一步来完成一件大事。A. big大的；B. special特别的；C. legal合法的；D. magical神奇
的。根据上文“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”可推知，此处指走千里远的路程需从
脚下第一步开始，完成一件大事的首要前提是迈出第一步，这意味着成功都是由小到大逐步积累而成的。
故选A项。
174. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Tom还在一个只有睡袋和纸板的盒子里连续住了7天，以提高人们对无
家可归的认识。A. standards标准；B. awareness认识；C. data数据；D. questions问题。根据上文“Tom
also lived outside in a box with only a sleeping bag and cardboard for 7 straight days to raise”以及下文“for
homelessness”可推知，Tom的行为是为了提高人们对无家可归的认识。故选B项。
175. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他收到了6000多罐捐赠的食物，并将这些食物送到了当地的无家可归者
收容所。A. frozen冰冻；B. recycled再利用；C. spared抽出、匀出；D. donated捐赠。根据上文
“received”以及下文“he delivered to local homeless shelters”可推知，此处指Tom收到了人们捐赠的食物。
故选D项。
11
In denying ourselves the chance to see a situation from different perspectives, we rob (剥夺) ourselves of
many wonderful opportunities. By choosing not to 176 all possible outcomes of a situation, we may
choose a direction that actually 177 us rather than allows us to flourish (茁壮成长).
Since the moment I discovered music as a 178 of mine, I have always known that I don’t want to
teach it. To me, music is something that cannot be 179 . It is not a step-by-step 180 in my
opinion. You must have some sort of talent to build on. 181 , as I began my reluctant (不情愿的)
search for vocal teaching positions, you can imagine my 182 at how rewarding the profession sounded.
The job advertisement was offering a teaching 183 in a highly reputable music school. They 184
that their teachers work to “develop students” and to “prepare them for performances at school and around the
community.” This is something that 185 me. I didn’t realize just how much I 186 to give young
students with a passion for music the same nurturing (培养) in their 187 growth that I received.
I was extremely 188 when I didn’t find many job ads requesting singers or entertainers which I
planned to be. Had I not been 189 , I wouldn’t have considered music teaching nor would I have
discovered all the 190 things that come along with it. By not limiting my path, I suddenly saw many
roads I could follow. So, as the old saying states, “Don’t knock it, til you try it.”
176. A. determine B. achieve C. produce D. consider
177. A. occupies B. limits C. directs D. inspires178. A. passion B. partner C. guide D. target
179. A. explained B. recorded C. understood D. taught
180. A. routine B. approach C. process D. project
181. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Otherwise
182. A. relief B. embarrassment C. surprise D. excitement
183. A. position B. method C. course D. philosophy
184. A. showed B. suggested C. pretended D. stated
185. A. interested B. amused C. annoyed D. confused
186. A. desired B. hated C. failed D. needed
187. A. healthy B. intellectual C. musical D. physical
188. A. astonished B. motivated C. relaxed D. discouraged
189. A. self-centered B. open-minded C. good-natured D. public-spirited
190. A. strange B. similar C. wonderful D. common
【答案】
176. D 177. B 178. A 179. D 180. C 181. B 182. C 183. A 184. D
185. A 186. A 187. C 188. D 189. B 190. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一开始不愿意教音乐，认为音乐是教不来的，到后来没
有限制自己，发现了从事音乐教学可以培养对音乐充满热情的年轻学生。作者认为否认自己有机会从不
同的角度看问题，我们就失去了许多美好的机会。
176. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：选择不考虑一种情况的所有可能的结果，我们可能会选择一个方向，实
际上限制了我们，而不是让我们蓬勃发展。A. determine决定；B. achieve实现；C. produce产生；D.
consider考虑。根据上文“In denying ourselves the chance to see a situation from different perspectives, we rob
ourselves of many wonderful opportunities.”可知，此处指不考虑一种情况的所有可能的结果，我们可能会
选择一个方向，故选D。
177. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：选择不考虑一种情况的所有可能的结果，我们可能会选择一个方向，实
际上限制了我们，而不是让我们蓬勃发展。A. occupies占据；B. limits限制；C. directs指导；D. inspires
鼓舞。根据上文“we may choose a direction that actually”可知，只选择一种方向会限制我们。故选B。
178. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从我发现音乐是我的一种激情的那一刻起，我就一直知道我不想教它。
A. passion激情；B. partner伙伴；C. guide指导；D. target目标。后文提到了作者从事音乐教学工作，所以
可推测作者喜欢音乐，对音乐充满激情。后文“with a passion for music”也是提示。故选A。
179. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，音乐是教不来的。A. explained解释；B. recorded记录；C.
understood理解；D. taught教。呼应上文“I don’t want to teach it.”作者认为音乐教不了，故选D。180. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这不是一个循序渐进的过程。A. routine常规；B. approach方
法；C. process过程；D. project项目。根据后文“You must have some sort of talent to build on.”可知，作者
认为音乐这不是一个循序渐进的过程，需要某种才能。故选C。
181. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我开始不情愿地寻找声乐教学职位时，你可以想象我对这个职
业的回报是多么的惊讶。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Besides此外；D. Otherwise否则。上文
“You must have some sort of talent to build on.”与后文构成因果关系，故选B。
182. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我开始不情愿地寻找声乐教学职位时，你可以想象我对这个职
业的回报是多么的惊讶。A. relief安慰；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. surprise惊喜；D. excitement激动。根
据后文“Had I not been I wouldn’t have considered music teaching nor would I have discovered all the things
that come along with it.”提到作者在教学中也得到了成长，这与一开始作者不愿意教音乐形成对比，所以
作者很惊讶。故选C。
183. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：招聘广告提供了一所声誉很高的音乐学校的教师职位。A. position位置，
职位；B. method方法；C. course课程；D. philosophy哲学。呼应上文“for vocal teaching positions”指音乐
教师职位。故选A。
184. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们表示，他们的老师致力于“培养学生”，并“为他们在学校和社区
的表演做好准备”。A. showed展示；B. suggested建议；C. pretended假装；D. stated陈述。后文“their
teachers work to “develop students” and to “prepare them for performances at school and around the
community.””是第三方陈述的观点，应用动词state。故选D。
185. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我感兴趣的东西。A. interested感兴趣的；B. amused被逗乐的；C.
annoyed生气的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“to give young students with a passion for music”可知，招
聘广告提到的老师致力于“培养学生”，并“为他们在学校和社区的表演做好准备”，是作者感兴趣的
地方，因为作者也渴望给那些对音乐充满热情的年轻学生同样的培养，故选A。
186. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到我是多么渴望给那些对音乐充满热情的年轻学生同样的培
养，让他们在音乐上成长。A. desired渴望；B. hated讨厌；C. failed失败；D. needed需要。根据后文“to
give young students with a passion for music the same nurturing in their”指作者也渴望给那些对音乐充满热情
的年轻学生同样的培养，故选A。
187. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到我是多么渴望给那些对音乐充满热情的年轻学生同样的
培养，让他们在音乐上成长。A. healthy健康的；B. intellectual智力的；C. musical音乐的；D. physical物
理的。根据上文“give young students with a passion for music”此处指音乐上的成长，故选C。
188. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我没有找到很多招聘歌手或艺人的广告时，我感到非常沮丧。A.
astonished惊讶的；B. motivated积极的；C. relaxed放松的；D. discouraged沮丧的。根据后文“when Ididn’t find many job ads requesting singers or entertainers which I planned to be”克制，作者没有找到很多招聘
歌手或艺人的广告，所以感到沮丧。故选D。
189. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我不是思想开放，我就不会考虑音乐教学，也不会发现随之而来
的所有美妙的事情。A. self-centered自我中心的；B. open-minded虚心的；C. good-natured和蔼的；D.
public-spirited有爱国心的。作者从一开始不愿意教音乐，到后来考虑音乐教学，说明思想开放。故选B。
190. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我不是思想开放，我就不会考虑音乐教学，也不会发现随之而来
的所有美妙的事情。A. strange奇怪的；B. similar相似的；C. wonderful美妙的；D. common共同的。根据
上文“In denying ourselves the chance to see a situation from different perspectives, we rob ourselves of many
wonderful opportunities.”结合后文提到了作者没有限制自己的道路，说明从事音乐教学让作者发现了美好
的事情。故选C。
12
My dad came to America from Greece at the very young age of fourteen. He 191 an average of
fourteen hours per day, six to seven days a week，for over thirtyfive years.
Because of his 192 work, he owned many restaurants in New Jersey. He was proud of his
achievements and what he could 193 to his family.
When I was graduating from college, Dad told me he decided to 194 the restaurants and retire(退
休) . “If you are graduating, my 195 is over. I have educated my children and provided for all of you. I
am going to 196 .”
“Great, but what will you do? I 197 know you cooking in the kitchen and serving customers. I
can't imagine you doing anything else, ” I said.
“I am going to play golf!” he 198 .
“Golf? You have never played golf. I never heard you mention golf, ” I was 199 .
And then Dad began to play golf. He taught my brother and me the 200 and shared his interest
with us. Dad would look at us and say, “If you live your life as you play the game of golf, you will be 201
.”
He repeated often, “When you get to the green, stay focused(集中精力的)and hit straight down the fairway
(平坦球道) . Don't think about anything else, and just know where you want to put the ball. Do this and you will
202 your goals.”
Dad wanted us to have 203 and to stay focused on them to achieve success. He also wanted us
to 204 ourselves and take time to have fun with friends and family.
Dad retired at the age of fiftysix and played golf every day until his death at the age of eightysix. What a
205 role model!191. A. worked B. studied C. practiced D. ran
192. A. dangerous B. light C. poor D. hard
193. A. care B. find C. say D. offer
194. A. open B. sell C. manage D. decorate
195. A. plan B. doubt C. job D. hobby
196. A. retire B. travel C. leave D. cook
197. A. still B. only C. even D. never
198. A. suggested B. accepted C. agreed D. replied
199. A. excited B. ashamed C. shocked D. satisfied
200. A. direction B. game C. custom D. language
201. A. weak B. special C. normal D. successful
202. A. reach B. change C. refuse D. keep
203. A. memories B. goals C. problems D. families
204. A. trust B. organize C. enjoy D. count
205. A. terrible B. great C. strange D. simple
【答案】
191. A 192. D 193. D 194. B 195. C 196. A 197. B 198. D 199. C
200. B 201. D 202. A 203. B 204. C 205. B
【解析】本文是记叙文。本文写了作者的父亲把孩子们抚养成人，可以退休了。退休后开始打高尔夫球，
直到去世。
191. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：35年来，他平均每天工作14个小时，每周工作6到7天。A. worked工
作；B. studied学习；C. practiced练习；D. ran奔跑。根据“Because of his 2 work，he owned many
restaurants in New Jersey. ”可知，由于父亲一直很努力地工作，他后来拥有了几家饭店，故选A。
192. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于他的努力工作，他在新泽西拥有许多餐馆。A. dangerous危险的；
B. light明亮的；C. poor贫穷的；D. hard艰苦的。由第一段“He 1 an average of fourteen hours per
day，six to seven days a week，for over thirtyfive years.”中描述的时间和下文描述“我”父亲拥有多家餐馆
可知，父亲在三十五年期间工作（worked）”得很辛苦。故选D。
193. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他为自己的成就和他能为家庭所做的一切感到自豪。A. care关心；B.
find找到；C. say说；D. offer提供，供养。由下文的provided for all of you可知，努力工作的父亲供养了
全家。故选D。
194. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我大学毕业时，爸爸告诉我他决定卖掉餐馆退休。A. open打开；B.
sell出售；C. manage管理；D. decorate装饰。由原文“Dad told me he decided to 4 the restaurantsand retire.”中父亲准备退休可知，父亲决定卖掉餐馆。故选B。
195. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你要毕业了，我的工作就结束了。A. plan计划；B. doubt怀疑；C.
job工作；D. hobby爱好。由上文中提到Because of his 2 work以及“Dad told me he decided to
4 the restaurants and retire.可推知，孩子毕业了，父亲的工作也就完成了。故选C。
196. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我教育了我的孩子，为你们提供了一切。我要退休了。A. retire退休；B.
travel旅行；C. leave离开；D. cook烹饪。由上文“Dad told me he decided to 4 the restaurants and
retire.”可知，父亲要退休了。故选A。
197. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：太好了，但你会怎么做呢？我只知道你在厨房做饭和为顾客服务。A.
still仍然；B. only仅仅；C. even甚至；D. never从不。由下文的“I can’t imagine you doing anything else.”
可知，我只知道父亲会做饭。故选B。
198. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我要去打高尔夫球!”他回答说。A. suggested建议；B. accepted接受；
C. agreed同意；D. replied回答。由上文“Great，but what will you do?”可知，父亲回应了我提出的疑问。
故选D。
199. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“高尔夫球吗?你从来没打过高尔夫球。我从没听你提起过高尔夫，”
我大吃一惊。A. excited激动的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. shocked震惊的；D. satisfied满意的。由原文
“Golf? You have never played golf. I never heard you mention golf.”可知，我从未听说过父亲会打高尔夫球，
因此当我听父亲说他即将要打高尔夫球时，感到很震惊。故选C。
200. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他教我和哥哥玩这个运动，并和我们分享他的兴趣。A. direction指导；
B. game游戏；运动；C. custom习俗；D. language语言。由上文“Dad began to play golf.”可推知，父亲教
我和哥哥的正是打高尔夫球这项运动。故选B。
201. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸会看着我们说：“如果你像打高尔夫球一样生活，你就会成
功。”A. weak虚弱的；B. special特殊的；C. normal正常的；D. successful成功的。由下文“Dad wanted
us to have 1 3 and to stay focused on them to achieve success.”可知这样做，你将会成功。故选D项。
202. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样做，你就会达到你的目标。A. reach到达；实现；B. change改变；
C. refuse拒绝；D. keep保持。由上文的“just know where you want to put the ball”可知，集中精力进球，这
样你才能实现目标。“reach one’s goal”固定搭配“达到目标”，故选A。
203. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：爸爸希望我们有目标，并专注于这些目标以取得成功。A. memories记忆；
B. goals目标；C. problems问题；D. families家人。根据语境可知，父亲是叫我们树立目标。故选B。
204. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还希望我们享受生活，花时间和朋友和家人一起玩。A. trust相信；B.
organize组织；C. enjoy喜欢；享受；D. count计数。由下文的“to have fun with friends and family”可知，
父亲同时也希望我们享受生活，有时间与朋友和家人共度美好时光。enjoy ourselves与have fun相呼应。故选C。
205. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多么伟大的榜样啊!A. terrible糟糕的；B. great棒的；伟大的；C.
strange陌生的；D. simple简单的。由原文“What a 1 5 role model!”可知，父亲所做的一切，让他
成为了我们心中伟大的偶像。故选B。
13
I take the train to work every morning from a train station near my house. I can get to the station quite
206 because there is a shortcut(捷径) to the station. But in the summer, it can get quite smelly because of
all the 207 . So I always try to 208 through it.Today I was trying to do so as usual
209 something made me stop for a moment.I saw the most beautiful 210 by an old woman
walking in front of me with the help of a white 211 .
She was short and 212 and had white hair. She was walking 213 as each step took
some effort. I hadn’t specially noticed her 214 , until she stopped near a rubbish bin.
She slowly placed her walking stick 215 the rubbish bin.Then she leaned(倚靠) on it with her
right hand. She bent down and 216 the rubbish. She clearly found it 217 and it took her
a while. She 218 some rubbish with her left hand and slowly straightened(挺直) herself up again. All
the while she used the rubbish bin to 219 herself. She threw the rubbish inside the bin and then
220 walking. It all took her great effort.
There’s so much rubbish and no one ever does 221 about it. I was moved to 222
this old woman make such a great effort to keep even a small part of it 223 ! I haven’t been able to
224 thinking about that all day.
I want to follow her example. I’ve decided to pick up rubbish off the 225 if I see it from now on.
I hope people will do the same as I do.
206. A. hard B. early C. easily D. late
207. A. rubbish B. boxes C. bottles D. paper
208. A. walk B. pass C. go D. rush
209. A. so B. until C. when D. because
210. A. back B. act C. mark D. colour
211. A. bike B. stick C. dog D. umbrella
212. A. weak B. rich C. clever D. sad
213. A. quickly B. happily C. angrily D. slowly
214. A. at midnight B. at noon C. at last D. at first
215. A. in B. around C. against D. under216. A. searched for B. threw away C. reached for D. looked at
217. A. unable B. difficult C. different D. impossible
218. A. picked up B. dropped down C. put in D. lifted up
219. A. warm B. enjoy C. support D. hide
220. A. continued B. started C. enjoyed D. remembered
221. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
222. A. feel B. see C. have D. let
223. A. busy B. beautiful C. dirty D. clean
224. A. keep B. stop C. mind D. regret
225. A. wall B. desk C. ground D. classroom
【答案】
206. C 207. A 208. D 209. C 210. B 211. B 212. A 213. D 214. D
215. C 216. C 217. B 218. A 219. C 220. A 221. B 222. B 223. D
224. B 225. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了在作者每天上班的路上有很多的垃圾，一直没有人清理。一天作
者看到一位老人很吃力地在捡垃圾，深受感动，决定向她学习。
206. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很容易就到达火车站，因为有一条捷径。A. hard艰难地，努力地；B.
early早地；C. easily容易地；D. late迟，晚。根据下文“because there is a shortcut(捷径) to the station”可知，
因为有一条捷径，故作者应是很容易就到达车站。故选C项。
207. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是在夏天，它由于所有的垃圾而变得很臭。A. rubbish垃圾；B. boxes
盒子；C. bottles瓶子；D. paper纸。根据本句中的smelly“难闻的”以及下文不断提到的a rubbish bin可知
此处是指垃圾。故选A项。
208. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我总是尽力跑过去。A. walk走路；B. pass经过；C. go去；D. rush
跑。通过上文描述可知，这条捷径上垃圾多，气味难闻，根据常识，人们都会很快跑开。故选D项。
209. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：今天，我像往常一样试图冲过去，这时有事让我停了下来。A. so所以；
B. until直到；C. when当……时候；D. because因为。此处是be doing sth when…，表示“正在做某事，这
时（突然）……”。故选C项。
210. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到一个最美行为，一位老妇人在一根白色拐杖的帮助下在我前面走。
A. back背部；B. act行为；C. mark标记；D. colour颜色。通过下文的描述可知作者看到的应该是老人捡
垃圾这一行为。故选B项。
211. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到一位老妇人的最美行为，她在一根白色拐杖的帮助下在我前面走。
A. bike自行车；B. stick棍，手杖；C. dog狗；D. umbrella雨伞。结合语境可知，老人是在某样东西的帮助下才能走路的，能起作用的应是拐杖。故选B项。
212. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她又矮小又虚弱，有一头白发。A. weak虚弱的；B. rich富有的；C.
clever聪明的； D. sad悲伤的。根据上文描述可知老人拄着拐杖，所以应是矮小又虚弱。故选A项。
213. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她走得很慢，每走一步都要费一番力气。A. quickly快速地；B. happily
高兴地；C. angrily生气地；D. slowly慢慢地。根据“as each step took some effort”可知，老人每一步都走
得很艰难，选项D最恰当，指老人走得很缓慢。故选D项。
214. 考查固定短语辨析。句意：起初我并没有特别注意到她，直到她在一个垃圾箱附近停了下来。A. at
midnight在午夜；B. at noon在中午；C. at last最后；D. at first起初，一开始。结合句意可知，此处指起初
作者没有注意到她。故选D项。
215. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：她慢慢地把拐杖靠在垃圾桶上。A. in在……里面；B. around在……周围；
C. against 倚着，反对；D. under在……下面。根据常识，不是把拐杖放在垃圾桶里面或下面，而应该是
靠着垃圾桶放着。故选C项。
216. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她弯下腰去捡垃圾。A. searched for搜索；B. threw away扔掉；C. reached
for伸手去拿；D. looked at看。通过下文“She _____13_____ some rubbish with her left hand…”可知，她应
是弯腰去捡起垃圾。故选C项。
217. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她显然觉得这很困难，这花了她好一会儿。A. unable不能的；B.
difficult困难的；C. different不同的；D. impossible不可能的。根据“it took her a while”可知，花费了她一
段时间，故推测出她发现这样做很困难。故选B项。
218. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她用左手捡起一些垃圾，慢慢地站起身来。A. picked up捡起；B.
dropped down落下；C. put in提出；D. lifted up举起。通过上下文可知老人想把垃圾捡起来然后把垃圾扔
到垃圾桶里。故选A项。
219. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这期间，她一直用垃圾桶支撑着自己。A. warm温暖；B. enjoy喜欢，
享受；C. support支撑，支持；D. hide隐藏。通过上文可知老人走路需要拄拐杖，捡垃圾也需要费很大劲，
所以此处老人应是用垃圾桶来支撑着身体。故选C项。
220. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把垃圾扔进垃圾箱，然后继续走。A. continued继续；B. started开始；
C. enjoyed喜欢，享受；D. remembered记得。根据第一段中“by an old woman walking in front of me”可知，
开始老人走在作者前面，结合本句中“She threw the rubbish inside the bin”可知，她把垃圾扔进了垃圾桶，
随后她应是继续向前走。故选A项。
221. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：垃圾太多了，却没人做点什么。A. something某事；B. anything任何事情；
C. everything每件事；D. nothing没什么事情。由于前面已经有否定词，因此此处用anything，表示没有人
做过什么。故选B项。222. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很感动看到这位老妇人做出如此大的努力来保持哪怕是一小部分干净。
A. feel感觉；B. see看见；C. have有；D. let让。根据常识可知一般是看到某人的所作所为以后才会受到
感动。故选B项。
223. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感动看到这位老妇人做出如此大的努力来保持哪怕是一小部分干
净。A. busy忙碌的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. dirty脏的；D. clean干净的。根据上文可知老人的行为是为
了清除垃圾，保持干净。故选D项。
224. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一整天都在想这件事。A. keep保持；B. stop停止；C. mind介意；D.
regret后悔。根据上文可知，作者深受感动，所以一整天作者都无法停止不想这件事情。stop doing sth停
止做某事。故选B项。
225. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定从现在开始，如果我看到地上的垃圾就把它捡起来。A. wall墙壁；
B. desk桌子；C. ground地面；D. classroom教室。根据常识可知，垃圾一般都是在地面上。故选C项。
14
It was in the eighth grade at the time that we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to
me 226 something, but I didn't understand. So I 227 her way and found out that she was
trying to ask me if I had a/an 228 pen. She showed me that hers was out of 229 and would
not write. I happened to have one, so I took it out of my pencil box and put it on her desk.
Later, after the test papers had been 230 the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the
other students were 231 As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to
232 ; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be 233 for your own
acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and 234 the fact that when people do something
dishonest, they are really 235 themselves. She made me promise that I would think 236
about all the things she had said. I walked out of the room wondering why she had 237 to talk to me
about all those things.
Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. I tried to explain about the pen, but all 238
she could say was it seemed very strange to her that I hadn't talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to
me 239 after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl 240 by letting her
use my pen, I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated on the test.
226. A. sobbed B. shouted C. whispered D. cried
227. A. set aside B. leaned over C. turned back D. put off
228. A. precious B. extra C. new D. red
229. A. ink B. work C. reach D. petrol
230. A. cut up B. cut out C. turned in D. turned off231. A. questioned B. abandoned C. trapped D. dismissed
232. A. pick up B. grow up C. pass up D. fade away
233. A. doubtful B. helpful C. responsible D. ready
234. A. shared B. stressed C. discovered D. collected
235. A. rebuilding B. decorating C. cheating D. annoying
236. A. awfully B. seriously C. cheerfully D. positively
237. A. pretended B. meant C. managed D. chosen
238. A. what B. that C. which D. whose
239. A. ever B. never C. right D. well
240. A. a duty B. a job C. a service D. a favor
【答案】
226. C 227. B 228. B 229. A 230. C 231. D 232. B 233. C 234. B
235. C 236. B 237. D 238. B 239. C 240. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者曾经在一次考试中借笔给一位女同学，但却被老师误认
为是作弊的故事。
226. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考试的时候，坐在我旁边的女孩小声说了些什么，但是我听不懂。A.
sobbed 啜泣；B. shouted 喊，叫；C. whispered 小声说，耳语；D. cried 哭。由考试的语境，以及作者
“听不懂”可知，女孩对着作者“小声说”了什么，故选C。
227. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我侧过身去，发现她想问我有没有多余的笔。A. set aside 放在一边；
B. leaned over 侧身；C. turned back往后，转身；D. put off推迟。由上文可知，女孩坐在作者旁边，且作
者不知道女孩说了什么，所以“侧身”去询问女孩，故选B。
228. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我转过身去，发现她想问我有没有多余的笔。A. precious宝贵的；
B. extra 额外的；C. new新的；D. red红色的。根据“would not write”可知女孩的笔不能写了，所以问作
者有没有“额外的”笔可以借给她，故选B。
229. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她给我看她的笔没墨水了，写不出来。A. ink墨水；B. work工作；C.
reach 到达；D. petrol汽油。根据“would not write.”可知她的笔“没墨了”，故选A。
230. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，在交完试卷之后，当所有其他学生被解散时，老师要求我留在教
室里。A. cut up 切碎；B. cut out 切断；C. turned in 上交；D. turned off关。根据“the teacher asked me to
stay in the room”可知，在“上交”试卷后，作者被老师留下了。故选C。
231. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，在交完试卷之后，当所有其他学生被解散时，老师要求我留在教
室里。A. questioned询问；B. abandoned抛弃；C. trapped 陷入；D. dismissed 解散。根据“As soon as we
were alone”可知，其他同学被老师“解散”了，故选D。232. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们单独在一起的时候，她开始和我谈论长大的意义；她谈到自力更
生和为自己的行为负责是多么重要。A. pick up捡起，接；B. grow up长大；C. pass up放弃；D. fade away
消失。根据下一句提到的“自力更生”可推知，老师与作者谈论的是“长大”的意义，故选B。
233. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们单独在一起的时候，她开始和我谈论长大的意义；她谈到自力
更生和为自己的行为负责是多么重要。A. doubtful 怀疑的；B. helpful 有帮助的；C. responsible负责的；
D. ready准备。根据前一句提到：老师和我谈论长大的意义，以及“自力更生”可知与之并列的是对自己
的行为“负责”，故选C。
234. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间，她都在谈论诚实，并强调当人们做一些不诚实的事情时，
他们实际上是在欺骗自己。A. shared 分享；B. stressed 强调；C. discovered发现；D. collected收集。根据
“她都在谈论诚实”可知，她还“强调”人们不诚实就是欺骗自己，故选B。
235. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间，她都在谈论诚实，并强调当人们做一些不诚实的事情时，
他们实际上是在欺骗自己。A. rebuilding 重建；B. decorating装饰；C. cheating 作弊，欺骗；D. annoying
恼人。根据“不诚实”可知，此处老师表达的是“欺骗自己”，故选C。
236. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她让我保证我会认真考虑她说过的所有事情。A. awfully可怕地；B.
seriously 认真地，严肃地；C. cheerfully 欢乐地；D. positively积极地。由前文可知，老师认为作者在考
试时作弊了，所以把他留下来讲了很多道理，由此推知老师希望作者回去“认真地”考虑，故选B。
237. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走出房间，心想她为什么选择跟我谈这些事情。A. pretended 假装；B.
meant 意味着；C. managed 设法做；D. chosen选择。由上文可知作者并没有作弊，因此没有明白当时老
师为什么要“选择”谈这些，故选D。
238. 考查关系词词词义辨析。句意：我试着向她解释那支笔的事，但她只能说，她觉得很奇怪，考试刚
结束的那天，她就和我谈过那支笔的事，而我却什么也没说。此处为定语从句，先行词为all，在从句中
充当主语，只能用that引导从句，故选B。
239. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我试着向她解释那支笔的事，但她只能说，她觉得很奇怪，考试刚结束
的那天，她就和我谈过那支笔的事，而我却什么也没说。A. ever曾经；B. never从不；C. right恰好；D.
well好地。此处表示作者为什么没有“立刻”跟老师解释那件事情，短语right after表示“就在……之
后”，故选C。
240. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使我试图向她解释，让她用我的笔只是帮了她一个忙，但我肯定她仍
然认为我考试作弊了。A. a duty 责任；B. a job 工作；C. a service服务；D. a favor支持。由前文可知，
作者借笔给女同学，帮了她一个忙，短语do sb. a favor 表示“帮某人一个忙”符合语境，故选D。
15
School is said to be a temple(殿堂) of knowledge. It is the very first pace that 241 you to theworld and your own self.
My school life is all about the memories. I deeply 242 friendship and all the sport and after-school
243 but also the way that helped me find my interests. I owe(把……归功于) them all to my school life. It
has made me the 244 I am today.
My school life has been full of different 245 over the years. It gave me a variety of opportunities
to 246 not only my learning abilities but also the art and sport skills. It supported me in my sports as
well as 247 me to know all types of people. All of these accounted to make me understand how to
behave 248 and to help me form a 249 which I have today.
There are countless things that make school life the best 250 in one’s life. All of this
eventually is because we are young to make 251 again and again till we realize, stupid enough not to
252 people and do what we feel like doing, and 253 to explore everything we can. Most
importantly, we are still not messed with the 254 feelings of this world. And all of these make us
255 a personality of our own.
241. A. throws B. lends C. devotes D. introduces
242. A. protect B. hide C. treasure D. trust
243. A. quarrels B. examinations C. parties D. activities
244. A. student B. teacher C. person D. parent
245. A. styles B. experiences C. jobs D. sports
246. A. use B. develop C. require D. stress
247. A. advised B. enabled C. selected D. organized
248. A. differently B. normally C. socially D. professionally
249. A. habit B. group C. personality D. club
250. A. stage B. destination C. scene D. event
251. A. mistakes B. preparations C. friends D. experiments
252. A. think about B. chat with C. look for D. learn from
253. A. anxious B. curious C. generous D. serious
254. A. positive B. special C. colorful D. ill
255. A. choose B. control C. change D. build
【答案】
241. D 242. C 243. D 244. C 245. B 246. B 247. B 248. C 249. C
250. A 251. A 252. A 253. B 254. D 255. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。学校是知识的殿堂。作者从自身学校生活经历谈论了学校生活的意义。241. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是将你引到世界和你自己的第一步。A. throws投掷；B. lends借给；C.
devotes致力于；D. introduces介绍；引见。根据常识可知，学校是传授知识的场所，它让我们了解世界，
认识自我。所以，是学校将人们引入世界。故选D。
242. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我深深地珍惜友谊，所有的体育和课后活动，还有帮助我找到兴趣的方
式。A. protect保护；B. hide藏；C. treasure珍视；D. trust信任。根据下文“I owe(把……归功于) them all
to my school life.”可知，作者把它们都归功于他的学校生活，因此他深深地珍惜友谊、体育和课后活动。
故选C。
243. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. quarrels吵架；B. examinations考试；C. parties派对；D.
activities活动。根据下文“helped me find my interests”可知，此处指课外活动。故选D。
244. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它使我成为今天的我。A. student学生；B. teacher老师；C. person人；D.
parent父母亲。根据下文“And all of these make us 1 5 a personality of our own.”可知，学校生活使
作者成为今天的自己。故选C。
245. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，我的学校生活充满了不同的经历。A. styles样式；风格；B.
experiences经历；C. jobs工作；D. sports运动。根据下文“It gave me a variety of opportunities to 6
not only my learning abilities but also the art and sport skills. It supported me in my sports as well as 7
me to know all types of people.”可知，作者的学校生活充满了不同的经历。故选B。
246. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它给了我各种各样的机会，不仅发展我的学习能力，还发展我的艺术和
体育技能。A. use使用；B. develop发展；培养；C. require需要；D. stress强调。根据下文“my learning
abilities”可知，此处应用动词develop，意为“发展能力；培养能力”。故选B。
247. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它支持了我的运动，也让我认识了各种类型的人。A. advised建议；B.
enabled使能够；C. selected选择；D. organized组织。根据下文“It supported me in my sports”以及“me to
know all types of people”可知，此处指学校生活使我得以了解各种类型的人。enable sb. to do sth. 意为“使
某人能够做某事”。故选B。
248. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所有这些都是为了让我了解如何在社会上表现，并帮助我形成今天的个
性。A. differently不同地；B. normally通常；C. socially社会上；交际上；D. professionally专业地。根据
上文“know all types of people”可知，认识各种类型的人可以帮助作者培养交际能力，所有这些让作者明
白如何在社会上行事。故选C。
249. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. habit习惯；B. group组；C. personality人格；个性；D. club俱
乐部。根据下文“And all of these make us 1 5 a personality of our own.”可知，这些经历帮助作者形
成今天的个性。故选C。
250. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有无数的事情使学校生活成为一个人一生中最好的阶段。A. stage阶段；B. destination目的地；C. scene场景；D. event事件。根据上文“School is sad to be a temple(殿堂) of
knowledge.”可知，学校使知识的殿堂，因此学校生活是一个人一生中最好的阶段。故选A。
251. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这些最终都是因为我们还年轻，会犯一次又一次的错误，直到我们
意识到，我们愚蠢到不考虑他人，随心所欲，不探索我们能做的一切。A. mistakes错误；B. preparations
准备；C. friends朋友；D. experiments实验。根据下文“stupid”可知，此处指我们会犯一次又一次的错误。
故选A。
252. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. think about考虑；B. chat with聊天；C. look for寻找；D. learn
from从中学习。根据上文“do what we feel like doing”可知，我们做自己想做的事情，不考虑他人。故选
A。
253. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. anxious焦虑的；B. curious好奇的；C. generous慷慨的；D.
serious严重的。根据下文“explore everything we can”及常识可知，探索事物需要好奇心。故选B。
254. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我们仍然没有被这个世界的不良情绪所困扰。A. positive
积极的；B. special特别的；C. colorful多彩的；D. ill生病的；不好的。根据句中“Most importantly”和
“still not messed with”可知，此处应填入贬义词。ill feelings指“不良情绪”，符合语境。故选D。