11 阅读理解细节理解题微观应对策略
【策略精析】
细节理解主要考查对文章具体信息的理解，此类试题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节
进行理解。常见的命题方式有：(1)以what, who, when, where, how, which, how many/much等疑问词开头的
特殊疑问句；(2)判断是非题，询问”下面的陈述哪项是对的/错的”或”除了______，其余的陈述都是对
的/错的”；(3)以according to开头的提问形式。
细节理解题不会将相关信息直接复现在选项中，正确的选项往往都是在原文的基础上进行改动，即
同义替换，将原文中的少数词进行同义替换。比如原文用名词表示动作，选项则用动词转述，或原文用
的是比较生僻的词汇，选项用考生更熟悉的词汇进行转述等。如果选项中有意思相反的两个选项，那么
其中一个很有可能就是对的;用文章里举例的句子作为选项时，这个选项往往会成为命题人以假乱真的好
题眼。文章中有些句子只是起解释补充或者过渡的作用，这样的句子比较短，如果相关内容出现在选项
中，那么通常会是干扰项。每道细节理解题在原文中都要有一个定位，然后精读，找出这道题的关键词
如果某一选项是由该段中不同句子的单词拼凑的，或者是由不同段落里的单词拼凑在一起的，有时看上
去很眼熟很有道理，但是要注意，这极有可能是干扰项。注意问题的主语是谁，它与原文题眼的主语原
则上是一致的，主语不一致，那么考生就要提防了。对于文章中however后面的句子一定要重视，因为这
里往往就是文章要凸现的主题，也是细节理解题的常用题眼。
高考英语阅读理解的文章由于信息量大、篇幅长，里面含有很多结构复杂的句子，而这样的句子很
多就直接成为命题的题眼，因此准确理解长难句的含义是做好阅读理解的关键。
一、直接细节题
直接信息题一般能在文中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一
两句话的信息。
【策略应用分析】 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.For ticket
information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of
connections between trains or between train services and bus services.21．What would you do to get ticket information?
A．Call 13 16 17.
B．Visit translink.com.au.
C．Ask at the local station.
D．Check the train schedule.
【分析】
第一步 找关键词：ticket information
第二步 定位到原文：在原文中定位原词 ticket information，确定关键句为第一段的第二句“For ticket
information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.”。
第三步 比对选项：想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站。
二、间接细节题
间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，要求在理解的基础上，对原文信息进行加工或整
理后得出结论。
【策略应用分析】 (2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读D)
Dr.Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines.They made a living as
divers，spearfishing or harvesting shellfish.“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer
than us local islanders，”Dr.Jubilado said.“I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
34．Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?
A．They could walk on stilts all day.
B．They had a superb way of fishing.
C．They could stay long underwater.
D．They lived on both land and water.
【分析】
第一步 找关键词：astonished
第二步 定位到原文：利用同义词复现确定答案，由关键词 astonished定位文中的“We were so amazed
that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders”为信息句，astonished与amazed为同义词 。
第三步 比对选项：年轻的Jubilado对巴瑶族人惊讶不已的地方在于他们可以在水下待很长时间。
三、数字计算题
数字计算题要求考生在原文中找到相关的数字信息，再对相关的数字和信息进行分析和理解，利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案。
【策略应用分析】 (2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读A)
Visitor Information
How__to__Get__to__Holker
By Car：Follow brown signs on A590 from J36，M6.Approximate travel times：Windermere—20 minutes，
Kendal—25 minutes，Lancaster—45 minutes，Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.
By Rail：The nearest station is Cark－in－Cartmel with trains to Carnforth，Lancaster and Preston for
connections to major cities & airports.
Opening__Times
Sunday－Friday (closed on Saturday ) 11：00 am－4：00pm，30th March－2nd November.
Admission__Charges
Hall & Gardens Gardens
Adults： ￡12.00 ￡8.00
Groups: ￡9.00 ￡5.50
22．How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall & Gardens?
A．￡12.00. B．￡ 9.00.
C．￡8.00. D．￡ 5.50.
【分析】
第一步 找关键词：Hall & Gardens
第二步 定位到原文：利用原文数据和题干数据关系确定答案，有Admission Charges及Groups：
￡9.00 ￡5.50的内容可直接得出答案。
第三步 比对选项：团队参观霍克庄园和花园每人是9英镑。
四、正误判断题【策略应用分析】 (2015·浙江卷阅读A)
The children sat stunned and silent.Was this a teacher talking? One girl，who had just come to us from a school
where she had had a very hard time，looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished.Then，still looking
at me，she said slowly and seriously，“Mr.Holt，do you really mean that？”I said just as seriously，“I
mean every word of it.”
During the spring she really astonished me.One day，she was reading at her desk.From a glimpse of the
illustrations I thought I knew what the book was.I said to myself，“It can’t be，”and went to take a closer
look.Sure enough，she was reading Moby Dick，in the edition with woodcuts.I said，“Don’t you find parts of
it rather heavy going？” She answered，“Oh，sure，but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next
good part.”
44．Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?
A．She skipped over those easy parts while reading.
B．She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.
C．She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.
D．She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.
【分析】
第一步 分析选项：标出选项重要信息词。
第二步 确定目标选项：根据选项重要信息词定位到文中第二段中的“I said，‘Don’t you find parts of
it...the next good part.’”确定目标选项A和C。B和D项未提及。
第三步 逐一对照：虽然女孩读的书有些部分有难度，但是女孩在阅读时，会跳过那些晦涩难懂的部分
选择容易理解的部分来阅读。故A项错误，选C项。
五、多细节理解题
对于一般的多细节理解题，虽然不像正误判断题一样逐个选项与原文排查，但这类题目的答案也是
综合原文多个信息得出的，因此也要不厌其烦，认真分析，方能得出正确答案。【策略应用分析】 (2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B)
Some parents will buy any high－tech toy if they think it will help their child，but researchers said puzzles help
children with math－related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine，an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of
Chicago，found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle
play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知)after controlling for differences in parents’
income，education and the amount of parent talk，Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child－parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found
children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54
months of age.
24．In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
A．Building confidence.
B．Developing spatial skills.
C．Learning self－control.
D．Gaining high－tech knowledge.
【分析】
第一步 分析题干：根据题干定位到children benefit from puzzle play。
第二步 一一比对信息源：由第二段中的“Psychologist Susan Levine...spatial skills.” 及第三段内容的信息
源，不厌其烦，一一比对。
第三步 综合概括：孩子们通过玩智力游戏可以培养空间技能。故选B。
【考点精练】
1
Teen Art Show
Do you want to see your artwork displayed alongside other teens' artwork? Don't miss your opportunity!
Showcase （在玻璃橱窗陈列）your paintings, sculptures, photographs and other artworks at the Environmental
Educational Center. The show will provide an opportunity for artists to network, provide feedback and become a
resource for others.Location: Environmental Educational Center
Activity fee: $25
Night Fishing
Escape the night and join us as we fish at Desert Breeze Park. NO experience needed. We will provide the
fishing poles, transportation, the bait（鱼饵）, to help you catch a fish and best of all, teens of 14 years and under
do not require a license to fish.
Location: Desert Breeze Park
Activity fee: $22
Overnight Snow Trip
Join the City of Chandler in an exciting new trip! We will travel up to Camp Tontozona and enjoy great food
and a campfire in the early evening. Snow play will be the highlight as we explore the snow-filled meadows（草
地）of Woods Canyon Lake and sled down small hills in the area. You will be responsible for your own
ski/snowboard equipment.
Location: Camp Tontozona
Activity fee: $30
Paintballing
Come out and play paintball with all your friends! Join the City of Chandler as we go to Temp Indoor
Paintball. This is a great way to join in the fun of paintballing for a low cost. All equipment is included. Please
wear old clothes because clothes can get dirty easily!
Location: Tempe Paintball
Activity fee: $28
1. What can people do in Environmental Educational Center?
A. Go fishing. B. Play with snow.
C. Play paintball. D. Meet with famous artists.
2. What is special about Paintballing?
A. People can play with friends. B. It costs the least.
C. It might make your clothes dirty. D. People will enjoy a campfire.
3. In which activity should people take their own ski equipment?
A. Overnight Snow Trip. B. Teen Art Show.
C. Night Fishing. D. Paintballing.
2
One cold winter night in Shanghai, I was walking home at one in the morning after long tiring work. I washaving trouble with my job in the bank. As I walked, I thought seriously about giving up living there. City life had
become too much for me.
As I walked down empty streets, I felt very small and cold. I began running, both to keep warm and to keep
away any possible danger. Very few people were still out except a few sad-looking homeless people under
blankets(毛毯).
Suddenly, I heard a sound behind me. I turned quickly, all I saw was a shining streetlight. Still, the noise had
made me nervous, so I started to run faster. When I reached home, I realized what the noise had been. It had been
my wallet falling to the sidewalk.
Now I wasn’t cold or tired anymore. I ran back to where I’d heard the noise. Although I searched carefully
for fifteen minutes, my wallet was nowhere to be found. Just as I was about to give up the search, I heard the
garbage truck(垃圾车) come to me. When a voice called from the inside, “Alisa Chen?” I thought I was dreaming.
How could this man know my name? The door opened, and out jumped a small red-haired man “Is this what
you’re looking for?” he asked, holding up a small square shape.
It was nearly 3 a. m. by the time I got into bed. But I had got my wallet back. I also had got back some
enjoyment of city life. I realized that the city couldn’t be a bad place as long as people were willing to help.
4. One cold winter night, the writer felt _________ when she was back home after work.
A. cold and happy B. lucky and helpful
C. excited and cheerful D. disappointed and helpless
5. What happened when the writer was running down the empty streets?
A. She lost her wallet unknowingly.
B. Someone had stolen her wallet.
C. She was stopped by a garbage truck driver.
D. She found some homeless people following her
6. In the fourth paragraph, why did the writer say she was dreaming?
A. Someone offered to take her back home.
B. A red-haired man came to see her.
C. She heard someone call her name.
D. Her wallet was found in a garbage truck.
7. From the reading, we can infer that the writer_______________
A. would stop working at night B. would stay on in Shanghai
C. would make friends with cleaners D. would give up her job at the bank
3One day in summer,little Jack was playing on the beach with his father.Suddenly,he saw a little tortoise
moving slowly on the sand.He started to look at it carefully and began to touch it with his hand.To his surprise,the
tortoise stopped moving.It pulled in its head and legs,and closed its shell tightly.He touched it again but the
tortoise didn’t move at all.Jack became angry.He used a stick and tried to force it to open.
When his father saw this,he stopped him and said,“No,son,you mustn’t do that!You will kill the tortoise.You
won’t get it open with a stick.”Jack was curious and asked,“Why?”
“Just wait and see,”his father replied.Then he picked up the tortoise and put it in a bag.
After they came back home,the father took the tortoise out of the bag.He put it near the fireplace.After a few
minutes,the tortoise began to move a little.The tortoise stretched out its head and legs.At last,the tortoise began to
crawl across the room.How excited Jack was when he saw this.
“Son,now you see,”said his father,“sometimes,you can’t force someone to do things he doesn’t like.But if
you get him warm first,he will do what you want him to do.”
8. One day Jack and his father was playing_______.
A. in the zoo B. on the beach C. in the garden D. on the hill
9. The father picked up the tortoise and_______.
A. cooked it B. killed it C. threw it into the sea D. put it in a bag
10. After the tortoise get_______near the fireplace,it began to move a little.
A. warm B. cold C. hungry D. thirsty
11. The story tells us that________.
A. people refuse to do things we want them to do
B. people will do things we want them to do
C. we can force people to do things they don’t like
D. we can’t force people to do things they don’t like
4Hot Science
The Benefits
Experts have found that there are clear health benefits of drinking tea. Research has led to the discovery that
chemicals found in tea can help prevent cell damage. And there is clear evidence that drinking three to four cups
of tea a day will reduce the chances of heart attacks and certain cancers. Other health benefits include bone
strengthening and protection against bad teeth. “Drinking tea is actually better for you than drinking water,” said
one doctor.Re-hydration
There was also some interesting information on the qualities of tea. The research dispels the fear that tea is
dehydrating (脱水). “Everyone assumes that caffeine-containing drinks such as tea dehydrate,” a leading expert
explained. “But even if you had a really strong cup of tea, you would still have a gain of fluid (液体). In terms of
fluid intake, we recommend 1.5 to 2 liters per day, and that can include tea. Tea is not dehydrating. It’s a healthy
drink.”
The Negative Side
There was only one bit of bad news about tea. Research suggests that tea can affect the body’s ability to
absorb iron from food. This means that people at risk of anaemia (贫血) should avoid drinking tea around
mealtimes.
12. Tea is unable to help prevent _______.
A. heart attacks B. iron shortage C. weak bones D. bad teeth
13. The underlined word “dispel” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. remove B. confirm C. convey D. raise
14. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Tea is used to cure different diseases.
B. Tea jokes only work for the tea lovers.
C. Strong tea cannot relieve human thirst.
D. Tea bushes are cut short for easy harvest.
5
Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”. I live my life with the goal of never having to
say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.
My father is famous in our family for saying, “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the
“extra minute” rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I
could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away
from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the
sharp corners of a glass coffee table.
I don’t only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety. It’s equally important to avoid “if only”
in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an
opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you.” When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor
across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn’t be here.
But then I thought about the fact that he’s 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t give up an opportunity to seehim. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.
I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something, but my life is definitely
better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an
extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal
connection, I know that I’m doing the right thing. I’m buying myself peace of mind and that’s the best kind of
insurance for my emotional well-being.
15. Which of the following is an example of the “extra minute” rule?
A. Start the car the moment everyone is seated.
B. Leave the room for a minute with the iron working.
C. Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better.
D. Move an object out of the way before it trips someone.
16. The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to ___________.
A. keep her appointment with the eye doctor
B. meet her father who was already an old man
C. join in the holiday celebration of the company
D. finish her work before the deadline approached
17. The underlined word "foregone" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ___________.
A. avoided B. lacked
C. abandoned D. abused
6
Places to go in Miami
The hot topic in Miami these days is about the revival of the Mimo Historic District, which filling up with
stylish shops, restaurants, bars and hotels. Including 27 blocks along Biscayne Boulevard, Mimo was energetic in
the 1950s but fell into disrepair, with its once family-friendly motels renting rooms by the hour. Today Mimo,
which stands for Miami Modern, looks similar to its glory days；longtime residents as well as newcomers,
motivated by comparatively affordable rents, have set up shops and are behind Mimo's renewed energy.
Vagabond Restaurant and Bar
Part of the Vagabond Hotel, which was originally a motel, this 120-seat eatery serves international food and
is a hot reservation. The bar has a retro feel with its midcentury-modern furniture. The executive chef, Roberto
DuBois, has a menu that combines comfort food dishes such as spinach gnocchi with pomodoro sauce, and
uncommon ones, like cucumber gazpacho with almond powder and mint.
7305BiscayneBoulevard786-409-5635, thevagabondhotel.comFly boutique
This boutique sells furniture, jewelry and clothing dating to the 1920s. A standout is the designer clothing: A
Halston sequined evening dress and suits and shirts from Hermes and Yves Saint Laurent were recent offerings.
There is a bit of room on pricing, so shoppers are free negotiate.
7235BiscayneBoulevard305-604-8508，flyboutiquevintage.com
Ms. Cheezious
A popular food truck turned store, this is a place to show respect to the grilled cheese sandwich. Diners can
build their own or order one of the 17 custom-made combinations. such as spiced apples and havarti cheese on
multigrain bread. For dessert: roasted marshmallows and graham cracker crumble on sourdough
7418BiscayneBoulevard305-989-4019，mscheezious.com
Beacon Hill Chocolates
The smell of fresh chocolate attracts shoppers entering this intimate boutique. The owner Paula Barth, who
divides her time between Miami and Boston, where she has another store, sells products from more than 60
chocolatiers
6318BiscayneBoulevard，305-560-5399，beaconhillchocolates.com
18. Which of the following is TRUE about Mimo?
A. It now has extremely high rents B. It is behind Biscayne Boulevard
C. It is a newly built district D. It had been left in a damaged state
19. In which of the following places may you need a bargainer？
A. Fly Boutique B. Ms. Cheezious
C. Vagabond Restaurant and Bar D. Beacon Hill Chocolates
20. If you re interested in self-made sandwiches, which number would you call？
A. 786-409-5635 B. 305-989-4019
C. 305-604-8508 D. 305-560-5399
7
Multiple Tour Dates in 2020 & 2021
This is the most exciting tour to Egypt ever offered! Led by the world’s most famous archaeologist, Dr. Zahi
Hawass, The Royal Tour to Egypt provides unparalleled access to the wonders of Ancient Egypt. Unlike
conventional tours，only the Royal Tour offers its participants VIP entry to areas of the ancient sites closed to the
general public. Visit the Giza Pyramids and Luxor Temple outside of regular opening hours for a more intimate
and crowd-free experience. Have a once-in-a-lifetime chance to stand between the paws of the Great Sphinx (狮身
人面像) instead of seeing it from the viewing platform. You will hear secrets never told before and spend time inthe esteemed company of Dr. Mostafa Waziri，Egypt’s Head of Antiquities. Former First Lady，Mrs. Jehan
Sadat，will host you in the living place of Egypt’s late president Anwar Sadat—an experience normally reserved
for royalty and heads of state.
Travel like a Pharaoh (法老) with first-class service from start to finish! Tour dates and more information:
www.royalegypt.com
contact@archaeologicalpaths.com
US phone: 917-719-1974
21. Why is The Royal Tour to Egypt the most exciting tour?
A. It offers a chance to have close contact with the Great Sphinx.
B. Its participants have access to the wonders open to the public.
C. Its participants can travel with a Pharaoh all through the tour.
D. It is free of charge to visit the Giza Pyramids and Luxor Temple.
22. What makes the tour like a privilege of royalty?
A. Being led by a famous archaeologist.
B. Being told the stories by the current president.
C. Being accompanied by Egypt’s Head of Antiquities.
D. Being received by the former First Lady in her house.
23. How can you get the further information about the tour?
A. By text-messaging. B. By reading the guidebook.
C. By visiting the website. D. By calling the agent in Egypt.
8
Robert Ballard was born in 1942. From an early age, he loved the sea. Baliard grew up in Southern
California. He spent his free time at the beach near his home. He enjoyed fishing and swimming. He even learned
to dive.
When Ballard wasn't at the ocean, he loved reading about it. At age 10, he read 20,000 Leagues Under the
Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo. Ballard decided he wanted to be like
Captain Nemo when he grew up. His parents helped him follow his dream.
Ballard was a hardworking student. He spent many years learning all he could about the ocean. By the age of
28, he was an expert. In 1970, he took a job as a scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute in
Massachusetts. There he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean. He came up with ways to predictvolcanoes under the oceans. Working with other scientists, Ballard also found previously unknown sea animals.
These animals lived far below the ocean's surface, where scientists had believed no animals could live.
By the 1980s, Ballard's interests changed. He developed unmanned vehicles to explore the ocean bottom. His
first find, the wellknown ship Titanic, made Ballard famous. He was not happy with just one big find, however.
He looked for—and found—other wellknown ships. One was the German battleship Bismarck. Another was the
U. S.S. Yorktown, an aircraft carrier that sank during World War Ⅱ.
Today Robert Ballard is still an underwater explorer. He also heads an organization that encourages students
to learn about science. Ballard hopes that some of the students will follow in his footsteps. After all, the world's
huge oceans are mostly unknown. Who knows what remains to be discovered under the sea?
24. When Ballard worked at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, he ________.
A. explored the undersea world by ship
B. thought of ideas to predict underwater volcanoes
C. found some unknown sea animals alone
D. set up an organization to teach students science
25. Which is the correct order of the events mentioned in the text about Ballard?
a. He found the German battleship Bismarck.
b. He read a book about Captain Nemo.
c. He found the famous ship Titanic.
d. He became an expert in science.
A. b—c—d—a B. d—b—c—a
C. d—c—a—b D. b—d—c—a
26. What can we learn from the text?
A. Ballard was greatly influenced by 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.
B. Ballard didn't like fishing and swimming in his childhood.
C. Ballard's parents felt disappointed at his undersea adventures.
D. Human beings have explored more than half of the sea.
9
While some farmers are quick to tell visitors to get off their land, David Walston is doing the opposite. He
has donated land on his family farm to create two large community vegetable gardens and invited surrounding
villages to get involved.
"I thought the thing I can do fairly uniquely is provide the land and machinery to try to make people's lives
better during the lockdown. " Mr Walston, 37, who runs Thriplow Farms, south of Cambridge, said. "Theenthusiasm has surprised me a lot, with 114 people from five villages signing up. "
The two 1, 000sqm areas will be open for anyone to help with any job that needs doing. A wide range of
vegetables will be grown, including peas, broccoli, sweetcorn, squash, potatoes and leeks. In Mr Walston's
scheme, which he has called Coveg, people can do as much or as little as they like and the produce will be shared,
and any surplus given to the elderly and NHS workers. None of the produce will be sold and distribution will be
only loosely linked to the amount of work done.
He is lending his machinery for the backbreaking work. Farm suppliers are supporting the project, with
Kings Seeds and Tozer donating seeds and Howseman Agriculture offering irrigation equipment.
Claire Mackenzie, 47, a doctor from Barrington, has agreed to bring seeds in their own gardens to the
community plots. She sees Coveg as a way of connecting local people to the countryside that surrounds them. "We
live in an arable area but we often do not know our farmers. This is a brilliant way of pulling people together, "
she said. She hopes to get her two teenage sons involved.
Mr Walston's idea has already prompted three local farmers who also want to donate parcels of their land to
contact him. They have a corner of land that would be suitable and machinery that would take the backbreaking
work out of preparation. They can't wait to offer.
27. Which of the following was unexpected according to Mr Walston？
A. The quality of people's lives.
B. The number of participants.
C. The decision to donate land.
D. The idea to create vegetable plots.
28. How will the vegetables be distributed？
A. On a one-to-one basis.
B. According to the family size.
C. On a first come, first served basis.
D. According to the amount of work done.
29. What is Claire's attitude to vegetable garden project？
A. Skeptical. B. Cautious.
C. Ambiguous. D. Favorable.
30. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "prompted" in Paragraph 6？
A. Inspired. B. Discouraged.
C. Threatened. D. Persuaded.
10A small supermarket is decorated with a lot of red lanterns. There are piles of red envelopes on sale, for
filling with cash and handing out as gifts. Such festive trappings can be seen everywhere in China in the build-up
to the Lunar New Year. But this is Yangon, the former capital of Myanmar, where Han Chinese are a mere 2.5% of
the country's population. They are a sign that Chinese New Year is becoming a global holiday.
Several countries in Asia celebrate the Lunar New Year in their own way. But dragon and lion dances in
Chinatowns over the world have helped make China's the most famous. In Tokyo, window cleaners dress up as the
animals of the Chinese zodiac （生肖）.America, Canada and New Zealand have issued commemorative stamps
for the Year of the Rooster. Last year New York City made the Lunar New Year a school holiday for the first time.
The spread of the Spring Festival, as China calls it, is partly due to recent emigration（移民）from China:
9.5 million Chinese people have moved abroad since 1978, many of whom are far richer than earlier waves of
migrants. It also reflects the wealth and ambitions of China's new middle class: festivities in other countries are
partly aimed at the 6 million Chinese who are expected to spend their week long holiday abroad this year.
It's hoped that the festival will promote Chin's cultural "soft power" abroad. So related events are welcomed,
such as a display this year of martial arts in Cyprus and a traditional Chinese temple-fair in Harare, Zimbabwe.
More and more Chinese are glad to see foreigners enjoy such festivities. Though there is a growing enthusiasm
among Chinese for Western celebrations such as Christmas, Chinese New Year is a welcome chance to reverse
（逆转）the cultural flow.
31. The scene in a supermarket shown in the first paragraph is to________ .
A. stress the importance of the Spring Festival
B. explain why the Lunar New Year is popular
C. present the popularity of Chinese New Year
D. show how other countries celebrate the Spring Festival
32. What are the best-known celebration activities for the Lunar New Year in Chinatowns?
A. Dragon and lion dances.
B. Dressing up as animals and dancing.
C. playing cards and letting off fireworks.
D. Eating dumplings and singing and dancing.
33. Some countries celebrate the Spring Festival in order to .
A. reflect on their own cultures
B. show respect to the Chinese traditions
C. promote the values of Chinese customs
D. attract Chinese to spend the holiday there11
Linda Evans was my best friend — like the sister I never had. We did everything together: taking piano
lessons, going to the movies, swimming, and horseback riding.
When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on
special time — like my wedding(婚礼) and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes,
and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to
find Linda.
Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share the happiness of my children and then
grandchildren with her. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then my mother died. There was
an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.
One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like
Linda and whose last name was Wagmans — Linda’s married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I
thought, but I still wrote to her.
She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagmans is my
mother.” Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, then we laughed and cried and
caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I
know for sure: We won’t lose each other again.
34. How old was the writer when her family moved away?
A. She was three years old. B. She was thirty-three years old.
C. She was thirty years old. D. She was thirteen years old.
35. The writer didn’t often write to Linda because ________.
A. they got married
B. they had little time to do so
C. the writer’s brother and mother died
D. they could keep in touch with each other by QQ
36. When there was an empty place in the writer’s heart, what could fill?
A. Some children. B. A wedding.
C. Some grandchildren. D. Only a friend like Linda.
37. How long haven’t the writer and Linda kept in touch?
A. For about 13 years. B. For about 40 years.
C. Since they got married. D. Since the writer’s family moved away.
12Staying up late is a potential battle between parents and kids. But the solution could be as simple as changing
your meal time.
Researchers at the University of Surrey, UK, found that delaying meals could help change one of the internal
body clocks. Besides a “master” clock in the brain, there are clocks in other parts of the body. They are usually
synchronized（同步的）according to factors including light.
During the study, researchers teased 10 participants to study the effect of changing meal times on their body
clocks. The participants were given three meals -breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the first stage, participants
received breakfast 30 minutes after walking .Lunch and dinner followed, after 5-hour interval（间隔）.In the
second stage, each meal was delayed by 5 hours. Right after each stage, blood and fat samples were collected.
Results showed that later meal times greatly influenced blood sugar levels. A 5-hour delay in meal times
caused a 5-hour delay in the internal blood sugar rhythms.
The discovery showed that meal times are in line with the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This is a small study but the researchers believed the findings could help jet lag sufferers and night-shift
workers.
In a study by the University of Surrey in 2013,researchers explored what happened when a person’s body
was changed from a normal pattern to that of a night-shift worker’s.
After people work through the night, over 97 percent of the body’s rhythmic genes are disrupted.
These findings explain why we feel so bad following a long flight, or after working at night, according to
Simon Archer ,one of the study’s researcher.
“It’s like living in a house. There’s a clock in every room in the house and in all of those rooms those clocks
are now disrupted, which of course leads to chaos（混乱）in the household,” fellow researcher Der-Jan Dijk told
the BBC.
Changing meal times didn’t affect the “master” body clock -the one controlling when we get sleepy-but it can
reset the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This wouldn’t necessarily cure jet lag completely, but it might reduce the negative effects.
A study published earlier this year suggested that just a weekend camping trip could be enough to reset our
body clocks. And now this latest research shows regular food schedules could play a key part too.
38. What did researchers at the University of Surrey find from their new study?
A. Connections between the “master” clock and clocks in other parts of the body.
B. A delay in meal times causes an irregular change in blood sugar rhythms.
C. Changing meals times can be enough to reset one of our body clocks.
D. Blood sugar levels are affected by when we eat rather than by our internal clocks.39. What can we know about the new study?
A. The internal between each meal being given was different.
B. Each meal was served five hours later during the second stage.
C. Participants were asked to report their feelings after each stage.
D. Blood and fat samples of the two groups of participants were collected.
40. What can we learn from the study by researchers at the University of Surrey from 2013?
A. All our body’s genes would be disrupted if we worked through the night.
B. A disruption to the body’s rhythmic genes can cause people to feel bad.
C. The disruption of one gene could lead to the disruption of other genes.
D. Our genes often become less active after a long flight or night of work.
41. According to the article,________________.
A. there is more than one way to reset body clocks.
B. it’s impossible to reduce the negative effects caused by jet lag or night work.
C. the “master” body clock controls all the other body clocks.
D. a change in meal times can reset the “master” body clock.
13
A large number of people want to grow their own garden, but they simply do not have the room. Do not
worry. There is a solution. Consider container gardening.
The great thing about container gardening is that you can use a variety of different containers. You simply
have to use your imagination. You could create a beautiful garden with things such as cement blocks, hanging
baskets, clay pots, or window boxes. There are so many options when it comes to container gardening; it is only
limited by your imagination.
Of course, you will want to take the following into consideration when you are ready to begin container
gardening, in order for it to be successful.
First, you should avoid any containers that have been used to store chemicals, as well as treated wood. This
could lead to the sudden death of your flowers and lead to the failure of your container gardening.
With any container that you choose, you need to ensure that it allows the water in it to drain when necessary.
So it may be important for you to create holes in the container to help this along. You should also make sure the
containers are placed on a raised surface, not upon the floor, to ensure the best possible drainage.
Ensure that the containers you choose are appropriate (合适的) in size for the plants you choose. You need to
prevent the roots from overgrowing the container.
If you like fresh veggies, you could consider container gardening with vegetables. This requires a processthat differs from that of flower gardening. Talk to an employee at a supply store in your area. They can help you
choose the right containers for the vegetables you are wishing to grow.
42. Which of the following may be improper materials for container gardening?
A. Cement blocks. B. Treated wood.
C. Window boxes. D. Clay pots.
43. What does the underlined word “drain” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. To pick up. B. To give up.
C. To flow away. D. To gain popularity.
44. Compared to flower gardening, what do we know about vegetable gardening?
A. It needs special containers. B. It requires more time.
C. It demands more water. D. It seems much easier.
45. Who may be interested in the text?
A. People who have a big yard.
B. Citizens who enjoy gardening.
C. Farmers who are good at gardening.
D. Children who like outdoor activities.
14
A new study published this week in the journal Nature Communications has concluded that a 100 percent
change to organic (有机的) food production in England and Wales would actually lead to a great increase in
greenhouse gas emissions (排放). In turn, this would contribute to further climate change.
Although organic farming directly pours out fewer emissions than conventional farming—around 20 percent
lower for crops and 4 percent for farm animals—it produces notably less food. As to this study’s findings, total
organic agriculture in England and Wales would produce 40 percent less food. With less food in the market, the
countries would need to increase food imports, which would produce more global greenhouse gas emissions.
Organic farming also increases the amount of absorbing carbon, a process where carbon dioxide (CO ) is
2
“absorbed” out of the atmosphere and captured by plants and stored in the soil. However, even a total change to
organic farming would only be equal to a tiny part of the higher emissions from overseas land use.
“We predict a drop in total food production of 40 percent under a fully organic farming process, compared to
conventional farming, if we keep to the same national diet,” Dr Adrian Williams, lead author and reader in Agri-
Environmental Systems at Cranfield University, said in a statement. “This results from lower crop quantity,
because output is limited by a lower supply of nitrogen, which is mainly from other crops or solid waste from
cattle on the grassland.”Nevertheless, it is important to note that organic farming still holds some useful benefits for the environment,
such as reducing exposure to chemicals and improving the varieties of creatures. In conclusion, the study suggests
that organic farming will continue to play a key role in resolving the world’s environmental problems. However,
it’s just one part of a much wider solution.
46. What will total organic agriculture bring to England?
A. More main food. B. More species crop.
C. More food imports. D. More fresh oxygen.
47. How does organic farming increase the amount of absorbing carbon?
A. By taking in CO . B. By changing CO .
2 2
C. By giving off CO . D. By producing CO .
2 2
48. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The ways to reduce organic farming. B. The results caused by organic farming.
C. The solution to the environment problems. D. The advantages of organic farming.
49. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
A. Organic farming, green food B. Organic farming, our hope in future
C. Organic farming, a mistake we made D. Organic farming, a double-edged sword
15
It's not an urban legend: crime rates do in fact rise in the summer in the U.S. A study found that, with the
exception of robbery and auto theft, rates of all violent and property crimes are higher during the summer than
during other months. The study examined data collected during 8 years, which included violent and property
crimes that did not result in death, both reported and not reported to the police.
The data show that, though the national crime rate dropped by 70 percent during recent years, seasonal spikes
in summer remain. In some cases those spikes are 12 percent higher than rates during seasons in which the lows
occur. The phenomenon confuses many criminologist and they wonder why.
Some reason that increased temperatures, which drive many out of doors and leave windows open in their
homes, raise the amount of time when homes are left empty. Others point to the effect of students on summer
vacation who are otherwise occupied with schooling during other seasons, while some argue that suffering heat-
induced discomfort simply makes people more aggressive and likely to act out.
Although these elements possess certain persuasive power, their rationality is called into question when cases
in winter are put on the map. Why aren’t the rates in winter falling if heat related factors are to blame for the
summer spike? Contrarily, the matter should be viewed from social and economic angles rather than on solar
terms.Numerous studies have shown that rates of criminal behavior among young adults drop when their
communities provide them with other ways to spend their time and earn money. This was found to be true in Los
Angeles, where gang activity was reduced when community centers for teens were thriving and active. And
generally speaking, the connection between economic inequality and crime is robustly documented for the
U.S. And why summer sees a worse situation? It’s probably because it’s even harder for youngsters to land jobs
that provide for life necessities.
So if officials want to address the summer spike in crime, they may act differently instead of aiming straight
at crimes. Simply upgrading security and severely punishing offences almost produce void effects. Instead, be
open to various options and they will find that development of job hunting agencies or community professional
training centers are accompanying the drop of crime rate without seasonal exceptions. After all, bread always
comes first for everyone.
50. What puzzles scholars studying crimes?
A. The rates of robbery and auto theft are lower than other violent and property crimes in summer.
B. The rates of crimes resulting in death are about the same in all seasons.
C. The crime rates not reported to the police are much higher during summer.
D. Crime rates in summer are higher than those of other seasons.
51. According to the author, what is the key reason for the seasonal spike of crime rates?
A. Increased temperature left houses easier for attacks.
B. The hot environment makes people more likely to be angered.
C. Youngsters find it hard to release energies at school.
D. People’s economic needs are not satisfied by the society.
52. What can be done to fight seasonal rise of crimes?
A. Lengthen the school time to hold students in school during summer.
B. Enhance the safety mechanism during the summer
C. Take measures to encourage youth employment.
D. Frighten would-be criminals through harsh punishments.
53. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Solar terms are responsible for the summer crime spike.
B. Crime rates in summer fall by 58 percent in the U.S.
C. LA criminal activities fall because of positive community programs.
D. The crime rates in winter are low due to low mobility in the season.
