专题01 冠词、名词、代词、介词和介词短语
五年(2020-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(新高考专用)
第一部分：冠词
考点 五年考情分布
考点1 a(n)的 2023新课标I卷a;
用法 2021新课标I卷a。
2024新课标I卷the
2023新课标II卷the;
2022新课标I卷the;
考点2 the的
2022新课标II卷the;
用法
2020新课标II卷the
2020新课标I卷pan前加the；
2020新课标I卷the改成a。
一. 命题趋向
1.考查不定冠词a和an的区别。
2.考查使用不定冠词的基本用法。
3.考查使用不定冠词的固定搭配。
4.考查使用定冠词的基本用法。
5.考查使用定冠词的固定搭配。
二. 技巧点拨
技巧一 注意泛指还是特指
如果空格后的名词或“形容词＋名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词
等限定词时很可能填冠词。
1．如果空格及后面的名词在文中第一次出现，可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an；如果是前文已
经提到过，可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”，一般填the。
2．如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。
技巧二 注意固定搭配考点一：不定冠词a(n)
1.(2023 新课标 I 卷)The meat should be fresh with ________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and
delicious.
2.(2021新课标I卷)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ________ must to visit!
考点二：定冠词the
3.(2024 新课标 I 卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey
influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ________
first time.
4.(2024年浙江 1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs
designed with two halves containing separate portions(份). Then, when you use one section, ________ other stays
fresh.
5.(2023新课标II卷)Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is
actually English.
6.(2023 浙江 1 月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the
Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect ________ culture of grassroots Beijingers.
7.(2022新课标I卷)Covering an area about three times ________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP
will be one of the first national parks in the country.
8.(2022新课标II卷)________ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.
9.(2022年浙江 1月)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could
do so remotely; about three-quarters of ________ time, they agreed.
10.(2021 浙江卷)________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their
growing family.
11.(2020新课标II卷)The plum trees are ________ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化).
12.(2020浙江卷)Then，with ________ rise of science，changes began.
第二部分：名词
考点 五年考情分布
2024新课标I卷--engineering;
考点1动词/名词 2023新课标II卷--arrival;
转换为名词 2021新课标II卷--representative;
2020新课标II卷--celebration
2024新课标I卷--richness;
考点2形容词转
2020新课标I卷--interest;
换为名词
2020新课标III卷--curiosity;2020新课标卷--accuracy。
2024新课标I卷--favourites;
2024新课标II卷--themes;
考点3名词单复
2023新课标II卷--interviews;
数
2022新课标I卷--populations;
2021新课标I卷--humans;
考点4考查名词 2022新课标II卷--son’s；
所有格 2021浙江卷1月--person’s。
一.命题趋向
1.考查动词转化为名词的用法。
2.形容词转化为名词的用法。
3.考查特定语境名词单数变复数用法。
4.考查名词所有格用法。
5.考查名词转化为动词用法(2019年strengthen考查过)。
二.技巧点拨
1．根据所处位置判断是否填入名词形式。如谓语动词之前、介词之后、形容词之后、冠词或数词之后。
2．单数可数名词不能单独使用，要与冠词、指示代词、不定代词等连用，否则就用复数形式表示复数含
义。
3．注意固定短语中名词的单复数。
4．注意名词应该与其修饰语保持数的一致。
5．不可数名词没有复数形式，不能与不定冠词连用。
考点一：动词转化为名词
1.(2024新课标II卷)The latest ________(engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional
structure that is also beautiful.
2.(2024 浙江 1 月卷)Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the
________(criticize) that they lead to waste.
3.(2023新课标II卷)Since June 2017, right before the ________(arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and
Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking
English.
4.(2022浙江 1月卷)When the answer, was no, she, declined the ________(invite).
5.(2021新课标II卷)A company ________(represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over fromplastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
6.(2021 浙江卷)In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their
________(marry)ceremony in 1842.
7.(2020 新课标 II 卷)Chinese New Year is a ________(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the
beginning of spring.
考点二：形容词转化为名词
8.(2024新课标I卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of
the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the
plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the ________(rich) of gardening in England.
9.(2024 新课标 II 卷)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ________(visible), said
Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection
between the two great writers.
11.(2020新课标III卷)Filled with ________(curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
12.(2020新课标卷)Historical ________(accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
考点三：名词单复数
13.(2024 新课标 II 卷)Although they could never have met, there are common ________(theme)in their works,
said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.
14.(2024新课标I卷)These plants included modern Western ________(favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and
fennel.
15.(2023 新课标 II 卷)They also need to be ready to give ________(interview) in English with international
journalists.
16.(2022 新 课 标 I 卷 )The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate
________(population)and homes of giant pandas,
17.(2023浙江1月卷)Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and
some are even associated with historic ________(event).
18.(2021 新课标 I 卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we
________(human) are.
19.(2020浙江卷)Later，they learned to work with the ________(season)，planting at the right time and，in dry
areas， making use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.
20.(2020浙江卷1月)For Japan, the ________(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050.
考点四：名词所有格
21.(2022新课标II卷)He saved my ________(son) life," said Mrs. Brown.
22.(2021 浙江卷 1 月)It is calculated by dividing a ________(person) weight in kg by their height in meters
squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy.
第三部分：代词考点 五年考情分布
2024九省联考卷--themselves;
考点1反身代词 2021浙江卷--herself;
2020新课标卷--themselves。
2023新课标I卷--their;
考点2人称代词
2021新课标I卷--mine;
考点3不定代词 2024浙江1月卷—ones；
一.命题趋向
1.考查反身代词作宾语、表语、同位语的用法。
2.考查人称代词作主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词的用法。
3.考查不定代词one, ones, that, those替代用法。
二.技巧点拨
1．通过句子成分确定所填代词的形式
如果作主语，则用人称代词的主格；如果作宾语或表语，则用人称代词的宾格；如果作定语，则用形容词
性物主代词；如果作宾语、表语或同位语且又和句子的主语为同一人或物，则用反身代词。
2．通过句式结构和“指代”，判断是否用it
如果指代上文提到的同一个事物，则用it；如果指代天气、时间、距离或环境情况则用it；如果作形式主
语或形式宾语，则用it；注意一些固定用法：dislike/hate/appreciate/depend on/see to...＋it＋从句。
考点一：反身代词
1.(2024 九省联考卷)However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write
faster, and they can feel proud of ________(they).
2.(2021 浙江卷)She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ________(she), everything in good
taste and in perfect order.
3.(2020新课标卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine
________(they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
考点二：人称代词
4.(2023新课标I卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the
steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ________(they) contents.
5.(2021新课标I卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in
the visitor’s memory. It sure does in _______ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to
考点三：不定代词
6. (2024浙江1月卷)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ________(one) may yet come out
with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.第四部分：介词和介词短语
考点 五年考清分布
2024新课标I –stand as
2022新课标I卷—serve as;
考点1“动词+介词” 2021浙江1月卷—increase by;
构成的短语 2020浙江6月卷—live in;
2020新课标卷--compete for;
2021浙江6月卷—buy sth for money
考点2考查介词短语 2020江苏卷—in contact with。
2023浙江1月卷—as capital of China;
考点3考查易混介词
2020浙江1月卷—is driven by
一.命题趋向
1.考查“动词+介词”构成的短语的用法。需要考生对下列动词构成的短语加以积累：add, catch, fall, look,
give, keep, make, put, set, take…
2.考查“介词+名词”短语，尤其是“in+名词”，“on+名词”, “with+名词”, “to+名词”等
3.考查“be+形容词+介词”短语用法，常考形容词有interested, passionate, curious, angry, strict等。
4.考查易混介词固定短语用法。
二.技巧点拨
技法一 分析句子成分
如果句子中不缺少主语或表语，动词后又不缺少宾语，则在名词、代词或动名词前一定是填介词。
技法二 记牢搭配
1．注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用；
2．注意有特殊用法的介词，如接复合宾语就只能用with或without。
考点一：“动词+介词”短语
1.(2024新课标I卷)The Glasshouse stands ________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the
plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route…
2.(2022新课标I卷)Giant pandas also serve ________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of
plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
3. (2021浙江1月卷) The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ________ 2.1 in
women and men.4. (2020浙江6月卷)Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived
________, through agriculture.
5.(2020新课标卷)Museums must compete ________ people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most
museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
6.(2021浙江6月卷)In 1844 they bought it ________ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed
their marriage ceremony in 1842.
考点二：介词短语
7.(2020江苏卷) Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact ________ someone who shares your interests.
考点三：易混介词
8.(2023 浙江 1 月卷)Thanks to Beijing’s long history ________ capital of China, almost every hutong has its
stories, and some are even associated with historic events.
9.(2020浙江1月卷)This aging of the population is driven ________ two factors. The first is declining birth rates,
which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population
becomes older than before.
