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词汇参考答案：
一、单项选择
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
1. The railway station is noisy but ______ in my eyes.
A. living
B. live
C. alive
D. lively
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查形容词用法。 ①句意分析。“在我眼里，这个火车站是嘈杂
但也是________。” ②对比选项。A 项living adj. 活着的；B 项live v. 居住；adj.
活的；现场的；C 项alive adj. 活着的；D 项lively 生机勃勃，有生机的。 ③解
题要点。空格处位于be 动词is 后，用于修饰the station，为物体，可排除A/C
项；空格前有but，表示转折，和前面的noisy 构成转折关系，所以应该填的是
“有生机的”。 因此本题答案选择D 项。
2.We should ______ making a noise in the library.
A. avoid
B. prefer
C. practice
D. enjoy
【答案】A
【解析】四个选项的解释分别为：避免；更喜欢；练习；享受。结合句意可知，我们应当
在图书馆避免制造噪音，故答案为A。
3. —Hello! Golden Sun Hotel. Can I help you?
—Do you have a room ______ for this weekend?
A. available
B. useful
C. empty
D. possible
【答案】A
【解析】available 意为"可利用的"；useful 意为"有用的"；empty 意为"空的"；
possible 意为"可能的"。
4. The cow said, "Look , I give them milk while I'm ______. They see that I am
generous (慷慨的) with what I have. But you don't give them anything before you die.
You give them ham, pork and so on only after you' re dead.
A. happy
B. afraid
C. alive
D. lonely
【答案】C
【解析】形容词辨析。happy 开心的；afraid 担心的；alive 活着的，lonely 孤单
的。
5. If you sit with a smiling face and look ______, you are expressing friendliness.
A. worried B. surprised C. disturbed D. relaxed
【答案】D
【解析】relaxed 意为"轻松的"符合句意。故选D。
6. —How often do you go skating?
—______. I can’t skate at all.
A. Always
B. Sometimes
C. Seldom
D. Never
【答案】D
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【解析】考查频率副词词义辨析。句意为：—你多久去滑一次冰？—从来不。我根本不会滑冰。
always 总是；sometimes 有时；seldom 很少；never 从来不。根据句意可知答案为 D．
7. Chen Dong has been a(an) ______ for many years before joining the space team.
He and his wife now have a pair of five-year-old twin sons. One-month mission is not
the longest time that Chen has ever been away from home. When he was pilot，he
once did not come back home for half a year during a mission.
A. astronaut
B. engineer
C. pilot
D. scientist
【答案】C
【解析】考查语境。根据本段最后一句的"When he was pilot"可知，他以前是个飞行员。故选C。
8. An engineer of that company says that since the ______ of shared bikes, people
have made fewer trips by car.
A. end
B. start
C. control
D. fall
【答案】B
【解析】"公司的一名工程师表示，自从共享单车出现开始，人们出行越来越少使用汽车。"故
选B。A.结尾B.开始C.控制，掌握D.跌落。
9. It is necessary for schools to ______ the need of all the students' development.
A. cut
B. hide
C. refuse
D. satisfy
【答案】D
【解析】结合句意可知，本题想表达“对于学校而言，满足学生的发展需求是非常有必要
的”，故答案为D。
10. Mr. Black's memory is getting ______. As a result, he often leaves his keys at
home.
A. older
B. poorer
C. greater
D. better
【答案】B
【解析】形容词辨析。根据他把钥匙丢在家，所以可以判定他的记忆力是变不好的。A.更老的；
B.更贫穷的，更差的；C.更伟大的，更好的；D.更好的。
11. Taking more exercise every day will ______ fat and make you fit.
A. turn to
B. sell out
C. burn off
D. put on
【答案】C
【解析】每天做很多锻炼将会燃烧脂肪，使你健康。主要由后面的fat 得出答案的。
12. He not only ______ it, but he also finished in first place!
A. refused
B. left
C. completed
D. invented
【答案】C
【解析】句意"他不仅完成了它，还取得了第一名的位置。"通过后一句中的"finished"完成，可
推知前面应该是意思相近的表达complete. 其他选项A：拒绝；B：离开；D: 发明；和上下句不
是很贴合；故选C
13. Many wild animals are ______, and it's time for us to do whatever we can to
protect them.
A. on duty
B. on show
C. in order
D. in danger
【答案】D
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【解析】A 值日，B 展览，C 有序的，D 处在危险中。此题解析：很多动物都处在危险中，我
们是时候做任何保护它们的事情了。
14. For our own safety, it is important to ______ the traffic rules on the way to school.
A. follow
B. change
C. make
D. break
【答案】A
【解析】由后面的rules 得出，是遵守规则。为了我们自己的安全，在上学路上遵守交通规则是
非常重要的。此外还有follow roles 遵循角色，follow suggestions 听从建议，follow traditons 遵
循传统。
15. In 1998, Liu Xiang's ______ in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping.
A. ability
B. trade
C. electricity
D. memory
【答案】A
【解析】刘翔在跨栏方面的能力被孙海平注意到了。
16. Lucy, could you please help me ______ the map on the blackboard? We won't
need it.
A. put away
B. put off
C. put on
D. put up
【答案】A
【解析】动词短语辨析。Lucy，你能帮我把黑板上的地图放好吗？我们不需要了。A 收好，放
好，B 推迟，C 穿上，戴上，D 举起，张贴。
17. I think you should complain, ______, of course, you are happy with the situation.
A. unless
B. however
C. until
D. though
【答案】A
【解析】A 项除非，B 项然而，C 项直到，D 项尽管。解析："如果你对现在这种情况感到不满
意"是"你应该抱怨"的条件。需要填入"如果不"即"除非"。句意：我认为你应该抱怨，当然，除
非你对这种情况感到满意。
18. —What a good ______ you've given me! Thanks a lot.
—My pleasure.
A. information B. news
C. suggestion
D. advice
【答案】C
【解析】考查可数名词和不可数名词的用法。句意为：你给我提了一个多好的建议啊！太感谢
了！不客气。A. information 信息；B. news 新闻，消息；C. suggestion 建议；D. advice 建议。
ABD 都是不可数名词，C 是可数名词，因为句中有不定冠词a，只能选一个单数可数名词，故
答案为C.。
19. The children ______ very early because they live far away from the school.
A. take off
B. turn off
C. put off
D. set off
【答案】D
【解析】孩子们______很早就因为他们住在离学校很远的地方。
A.起飞，B.关闭，C.推迟，D.出发。因为住在离学校很远的地方，所以出发很早，故答案选择
D.
20. He failed to break the world record for long jump many times but he never
______ his hope.
A. took off
B. put away
C. gave up
D. turned down
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【答案】C
【解析】结合句意可知，本题表达“他从未打破世界纪录，但是他从没有放弃过希望”，故本
题答案为C。
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语言参考答案：
一、单项选择
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
1. —How are you today, Francis?
—Much ______, but my doctor says I'll still have to rest for another few days.
A. well
B. good
C. better
D. best
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意知为“当前的情况”与“以前相比”且之前有much，much 用来
修饰形容词比较级，故此处应为比较级，排除选项ABD；good 的比较级为
better，故选C。
2. He has written some short stories, but he is ______ known for his plays.
A. the best
B. more
C. better
D. the most
【答案】C
【解析】be well known for 因为…而出名，这里是将short stories 和his plays 比
较，故用比较级better，故答案是C。
3. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He ______ in China since 2002.
A. come
B. has come
C. stayed
D. has stayed
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。根据时间时间状语since2002 可知需用现在完成时，动词也
需为延续性动词，故选D。
4. This is ______ only expensive dress I've got.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查不定冠词与定冠词的辨析。 解题步骤： 判断冠词类别。本题
中心词为dress，“only， expensive， I've got”都是对dress 的限定，为特指，因
此使用定冠词the。本题选择C。
5. ______ children there are in the family, ______ their life will be.
A. The less; the better
B. The fewer; the better
C. Fewer; richer
D. More; poorer
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词比较级和最高级。根据句意一个家庭中小孩越少，他们将
拥有越好的生活，考查固定用法the+比较级…the+比较级…越来…越…，先排
除C、D，结合句子结构，children 是可数名词复数，用few 的比较级fewer，
故选择B。
6. —Excuse me. Could you speak a little louder? I can't hear you ______.
—OK.
A. hardly
B. cheaply
C. clearly
D. heavily
【答案】C
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【解析】本题考查副词辨析。句意: 不好意思。你能大一点省说话吗？我听不清
你。A. 几乎不；B. 便宜地；C. 清楚地；D. 重重地、猛烈地。所以答案选C。
7. Jerry didn't pay me back, but he promised that he ______ this Sunday.
A. must
B. could
C. would
D. should
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查情态动词。这里this Sunday 是一个将来的时间，用will，另
外主句中promised 是过去式，宾语从句中主句是过去式，从句一定也用过去式，
所以这里will 变为would。故选C。
8. —Hello. Is Gina there?
—Sorry, she's not ______ home.
A. to
B. at
C. on
D. of
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查词组辨析。你好，吉娜在这吗？不好意思，她不在家。at
home 是在家的意思。所以答案选B。
9. —What do you want to be when you grow up, a doctor or an engineer?
—______. I want to be a scientist.
A. Neither
B. Either
C. Both
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查不定代词。判断肯否。可知，空格处应表否定含义，故选A。
10. —Hi, Jacob! Do you go to the cinema a lot?
—No, I ______ to the cinema for ages.
A. didn't go
B. haven't gone C. have been
D. haven't been
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查现在完成时。解题步骤：(1)找时间状语或已知动词。本题时
间状语为for ages，为现在完成时时间状语。故排除A；(2)看选项释义。didn't
go 没有去，一般过去时；haven't gone 没有去，现在完成时；have been 去过某
地；haven't been 没有去过某地；(3)根据句意可知，这里表示过去的动作对现在
的影响，应用现在完成时，且根据回答No 可知，Jacob 好几年没有去过电影院
了，故应选D。
11. Tim got four ______ from his relatives on Children's day.
A. toy
B. toys
C. toies
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查可数名词的数。解题要点：通过限定词判断名词形式。 本题
限定词为four。因为限定词four 只能修饰复数可数名词。辅音字母+y 结尾的名
词变y 为i，再加-es，元音字母+y 结尾的名词直接加-s，toy 的复数是toys。 因
此本题选择B。
12. —Hi, Tom! ______ you ever ______ the Bird's Nest?
—Yes. I have. It's fantastic.
A. Have, been to B. Have, gone to C. Did, go to
【答案】A
【解析】根据句意“你去过鸟巢吗”可知，要用现在完成时，其构成为have/has
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done；has gone to 到某地去了，has been to 去过某地。故选A。
13. This cap is nice, ______ it doesn't look good on me.
A. for
B. so
C. but
D. or
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查连词。选项A“对于，为了”；选项B“所以”；选项C“但是”；
选项D“或者”。故正确答案为选项C。
14. —Happy birthday, Mr. Wang! Here are some presents from ______ of us.
—Thank you so much boys and girls!
A. both
B. neither
C. either
D. all
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查不定代词。 解题要点：1. 判断肯否。根据答句“非常感谢，
孩子们”可知，空格处应表达肯定含义，排除B 选项。2. 判断几者。由boys and
girls 可知有三人以上的人送礼物，故用不定代词all 表达“三者或以上全部都”。
A. both 两者都；B. neither 两者都不；C. either 两者中任何一个；D. all 所有；全
部。句意：——王老师，生日快乐！这是我们所有人的礼物。——非常感谢，
孩子们！ 故选D。
15. —Has Linda washed the clothes?
—No, she hasn't. She ______ it after she finishes her homework.
A. did
B. has done
C. will do
D. was doing
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查一般将来时。 解题要点：根据时间状语after she finishes her
homework，可知她还没有洗衣服，她写完作业之后再洗衣服，写作业用了一般
现在时，表示目前的情况，所以洗衣服还未发生，要用一般将来时。故本题答
案为C。句意：-琳达洗过衣服吗？-不，她没有。 她做完作业后就洗。
16. Learning is a lifelong journey because we can learn ______ every day.
A. nothing new B. new something
C. something new
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查复合不定代词与形容词的位置。 解题步骤：1. 根据语境解题。
“学习是一生的旅程，因为我们每天可以学习新事物。”可知不定代词应选
something，排除A。2. 复合不定代词与形容词位置。复合不定代词的修饰语要
后置。故选C。
17. We planted some flowers ______ the garden yesterday.
A. on
B. to
C. in
D. of
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查方位介词。根据题干中“We planted flowers ________ garden”
可知花应该种在花园“里”。选项A. “在……上”；选项B. “到……，去……”；选
项C. “在……里”；选项D. “……的”。故正确答案为选项C。
18. —When will Sally and Carol arrive?
—I don't know. I have ______ here for half an hour.
A. come
B. left
C. waited
D. arrived
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【答案】C
【解析】本题考察现在分词延续性与费延续性动词。赛丽和凯罗到了没有？我
不知道，我已经在这等了半个小时。本题有一个for half an hour，所以用延续性
动词，所以用wait。A. 来；B. 离开；C. 等待；D. 到达。所以选C。
19. Daily homework is necessary, ______ too much homework may bring harm to
students.
A. so
B. but
C. for
D. or
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查连词的用法。A. so 因此，B. but 但是；C. for 为了；D. or 或
者。根据Daily homework is necessary 每天做作业是必要的，可知，这是说作业
的好处。与后面的句子“________ too much homework may bring harm to students.”
这是说作业的坏处，前后事实相反，因此应该用转折连词but。故选B。
20. December is the ______ month of the year.
A. twelve
B. twelveth
C. twelfth
D. twelfith
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查序数词的用法。 解题步骤： 1. 确定是否使用序数词。句意：
12 月是一年中第 12 个月。故第 12 个为序数词。 2. 判断序数词的表示方法。第
12 个：the twelfth 故答案为 C。
21. In our city, ______ middle school students want to work as a teacher in the future.
A. thousand
B. thousand of
C. thousands of D. two thousand of
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查基数词的用法。为固定表达。thousands of 理解为“成千上万
的”，thousand 后要加 s。故选C。
22. —What do you think of the show "Happy Camp"?
—______. I watch it on TV every week.
A. I don't like it
B. I don't mind it
C. I really love it
D. I can't stand it
【答案】C
【解析】I don't like it 我不喜欢它；I don't mind it 我不介意它；I really love it 我
真喜欢它；I can't stand it 我不能忍受它；根据“I watch it on TV every week”推知
上句为肯定回答；故选C。
23. — Thank you for sharing your room with me.
—______. That's what friends are for.
A. Never mind
B. It doesn't matter
C. Forget it
D. All right
【答案】C
【解析】根据"Thank you for sharing your room with me"可知，此处应该对别人
的感谢进行回答。A 没关系，用于回答别人的道歉；B 没关系，用于回答别人
的道歉；C 不用谢、不必在意，算了；D 好的。只有C 符合语境，故答案为C。
24. —Have you heard of the Notre Dame Cathedral fire on Monday?
—______ It destroyed the beautiful building.
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A. What a shame!
B. Is that so?
C. I hope not.
D. What a surprise!
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查情景交际。 解题要点：A. 多可惜！真遗憾！ B. 是这样吗？
C. 我希望没有. D. 真的令人惊讶啊！根据句意：—你听说过星期一圣母院的火
灾吗？—______ 它摧毁了这座美丽的建筑物。故选A。
25. —I met Li Yang ______ the way to my school. He was unhappy. Do you know
why?
—His parents thought computer games got ______ the way of his schoolwork. So
he can't play the many more.
A. on, in
B. in, on
C. on, by
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词。On the way to…在去……的路上，in the way of…阻挡，妨
碍。
二、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确
形式。
Exploring (探索) the moon
From Earth, we can only see one side of the moon. The other side has been a
mystery. But now, we have ______ (1) chance to see what's on the far side.
On Jan 3rd, a spacecraft Chang'e 4 became the first space probe (探测器) in
history to ______ (2) (successful) land on the far side of the moon. Chang'e 4 has
______ (3) (send) back photos of the far side of the moon. ______ (4) these photos,
scientists will learn more about the moon. It's difficult to grow anything on the moon,
______ (5) Chang'e 4 has made it. Chang'e 4 took six living things to the moon, such
as potatoes, cotton and fruit flies. The cotton ______ (6) is very common on Earth has
already started to grow on the moon. It is the first time ______ (7) (human) have
grown plants on the moon.
China set three goals when it started its exploration program in 2004---the probes
could circle around the moon, touch down on ______ (8) (it) surface and bring
materials back to Earth. Chang'e 4 has achieved the second goal and the third goal
will ______ (9) (realize) by Chang'e 5 in the future.
Now Chinese scientists are looking even ______ (10) (far) into our solar system
and knowing more about the universe.
【主旨大意】文章主要讲述了月球探测器嫦娥四号的月球之旅，以及中国的探
月计划的发展历程。
(1) ________
【答案】a
6
【解析】本题考查冠词。 首先，进行词义判断。由句意“但是现在我们有个机
会去看看遥远的那边有什么”可以推断空格处应填写含义为“一个”的单词。其次，
进行词性和词形判断。非特指首提及，且chance 是辅音音素开头，故使用不定
冠词a。
【备注】【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境,运用语法和词汇知识,反复推敲
以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项,在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别
注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。本文主要考查了动词、名词、冠词、副词等实
词,需要考生弄懂上下文的语境。
(2) ________
【答案】successfully
【解析】本题考查副词。 首先，进行词性判断。空格处修饰动词land，故推断
词性为副词。其次，进行词形判断。successful 变为副词直接加-ly，所以本题答
案为successfully。
(3) ________
【答案】sent
【解析】本题考查动词的现在完成时态。 解题要点：进行词性和词形判断。由
谓语动词数量=连词数量+1，结合此处has 可知，空格处须填写动词的完成时形
式，即have done 形式。由语义可知此处为主动，故答案为sent。
(4) ________
【答案】With
【解析】本题考查介词。 解题要点：进行词义判断。“有了这些照片,科学家将
更了解月球”，故需填写表伴随含义为"有着"的单词。故答案为介词With。
(5) ________
【答案】but
【解析】本题考查连词。 解题要点： 首先，进行词性判断。句中有两个谓语动
词，分别是is 和has made，根据谓语动词数=连词数+1，可知此处填入连词。
其次，进行词义判断。"月球上很难种植任何东西，______嫦娥四号已经成功做
到了"，判断前后句逻辑关系可知，此处应为强转折关系，且空格后无逗号，故
答案为but。
(6) ________
【答案】which/that
【解析】本题考查定语从句。 首先，进行词性判断。由两个谓语动词可知该句
子为复合句。由空格处引导的从句修饰先行词cotton 可知，句子为定语从句。
故空格处需填写定语从句关系词。其次，进行词形判断。这种在地球上很普遍
的棉花已经开始在月球上生长，句子的先行词是cotton，指物，引导定语从句
使用which 或that。故答案为which/that。
(7) ________
【答案】humans
【解析】本题考查名词。 解题要点： 首先，进行词性判断。空格位于谓语动词
have grown 前，故需填入名词或代词，括号内提示词human 为名词。 其次，进
7
行词形判断。human 是可数名词，谓语动词have grown，故使用其复数形式,故
答案为humans。
(8) ________
【答案】its
【解析】本题考查代词。 首先，进行词性判断。空格处修饰后面的名词surface，
结合已知提示词it，推断需使用形容词性物主代词。 其次，进行词形判断。it
的形容词性物主代词为its。所以本题答案为its。
(9) ________
【答案】be realized
【解析】本题考查动词。 首先，进行词性判断。由谓语动词数量=连词数量+1
可知，句子缺少谓语动词，故空格处需要填写谓语。 其次，进行词形判断。句
子主语the third goal 与realize 构成被动的关系，结合will 可知为一般将来时的
被动be done 的形式，故答案为be realized。
(10) ________
【答案】farther
【解析】本题考查副词变比较级。 首先，进行词性判断。空格位于动词词组
look into 中间，故需填入副词，提示词far 为形容词/副词。 其次，进行词形判
断。even 是修饰比较级的标志词，far 的比较级有两个，farther 表示“更远”，
further 表示“更深入，更进一步”，根据句意，此处表示“看的更远”，可知本题
答案为farther。
三、选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意
思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
like important get down something by rule organize while this proper chance
Liu Hao, 13, used to be addicted to playing with his cellphone. He spent nearly
all of his free time on it. As a result, his grades went ______ (1). Now Liu has got
away from his addiction, but he still feels lost. "It's like ______ (2) is missing without
my cellphone," he said.
Technology is a double-edged sword. Smartphones can make our lives more
convenient, but they can also cause problems among people. Some schools have set
strict ______ (3) to stop students from using their smartphones too much.
However, Sun Zheng, a 14-year-old who studies at Hefei No.50 Middle School,
thinks electronic products ______ (4) smartphones are an important part of students'
life. In his class, students are asked to upload their math homework on QQ or WeChat.
"I also enjoy watching online classes and ______ (5) information using my
smartphone," Sun added. Many students use apps on their smartphones to help them
with their schoolwork.
Maybe the best way to solve the problem is to teach kids to use their smartphones
8
______ (6). For example, Liu and his classmates have agreed to some rules about
smartphones use. "We agreed to put away our phones ______ (7) studying, ask our
parents before using them and only play with them for a few minutes," Liu said.
More ______ (8), spending time enjoying the "real world" can prevent
smartphone addiction, according to Zheng Lin, a 14-year-old at Hangzhou Huixing
Middle School. "Painting, badminton, climbing, riding bikes..., and ______ (9) fun
activities make me forget about my smartphone," she said. "Maybe schools and
parents can ______ (10) more activities for kids to enjoy instead of just stopping
smartphones."
(1) ________
【答案】down
【解析】本题考查动词固定搭配。首先，进行句意判断。考虑到前面的动词go，
因为玩手机时间太多，成绩应该是下降，综上此处可填入down。
(2) ________
【答案】something
【解析】本题考查代词。首先，进行成分分析，缺少主语。其次，进行句意分
析。应该是某些东西丢了。考虑到前面是肯定句，综上此处可填入something。
(3) ________
【答案】rules
【解析】本题考查名词。首先，进行词性判断。空格之前为形容词strict，故此
处应填名词。其次，进行句意分析。应为“严格的规则”。考虑到空格前无a/an
且rule 为可数名词，综上此处可填入rules。
(4) ________
【答案】like
【解析】本题考查介词。首先，进行句意分析。其次，进行词性判断。发现句
意完整不缺成分，考虑到手机属于电子产品，所以应该填介词like“就像”，综
上此处可填入like。
(5) ________
【答案】getting
【解析】本题考查动词。首先，进行词性判断。空格之前为and 连接并列结构，
“…information”和前面的“watching online classes”。其次，进行句意分析。所以
应该是得到“获取，得到”。考虑到空格前为watching，综上此处可填入getting。
(6) ________
【答案】properly
【解析】本题考查副词。首先，进行词性判断。该句子不缺句子成分。其次，
进行句意分析。应该是合理地使用手机，综上此处可填入properly。
(7) ________
【答案】while
【解析】本题考查连词。首先，进行句意分析。应该是当学习的时候，综上此
处可填入while。
(8) ________
9
【答案】importantly
【解析】本题考查副词。首先，进行词性判断。空格前是more，选择后面应该
是形容词或者副词，因为该结构单独使用，所以要用副词。其次，进行句意分
析。应该是更重要的是，综上此处可填入importantly。
(9) ________
【答案】these
【解析】本题考查代词，首先，进行词性判断。空格前是名词activities 且已有
形容词fun 修饰，考虑填代词。其次，进行句意分析。应该是这些，综上此处
可填入these。
(10) ________
【答案】organize
【解析】本题考查动词。首先，进行词性判断。空格前是情态动词can 其后面
要用动词原形。其次，进行句意分析。应该是组织活动，综上此处可填入
organize。
1
阅读参考答案：
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A,B,C,D 四个选项
中，选择最佳选项。
A
1. 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查细节题。首先在题干中找到关键词“in 1975”，直接回文定
位到第二段第二句：“That dropped to 7.5 hours by 1975.”。故正确答案为选项C。
2. 【答案】D
【解析】本题考查推断题。通过文中第三段第三句：“believes people’s sleep
needs are different.”无法判断人们的睡眠是否充足，因为每个人的需求不同，选项
A 太过绝对，故排除A。通过文中第五段第二句：“On the one hand, this could lead
to a world where we work longer and longer hours with less and less sleep”可知，这
是研究的一个推测，并没有确定，而选项B 过于绝对，故选项B 排除。选项C
文中没有提及，属于无中生有，故选项C 排除。故正确答案为选项D。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】本题考查主旨题。文章第一段作者指出没有电之前人们不担忧睡眠，
接着指出人们有了电以后及卫星、电视、网络、24 小时便利店、工作时间变长了
等这些事，最后连续用两个问句“How much can we sleep” “How much should we
sleep”引出全文话题“睡眠”，第二三段回答了这两个问题“我们的睡眠时间越来越
短以及每个人对睡眠时间要求不一样——睡到自然醒才能算是足够的睡眠”；第
四、五两段作者指出科学家和研究者一直在寻找可以让我们保持清醒（不睡眠）
状态的方式；工作时间变长睡眠时间变短各有利弊，比如优点我们可以腾出更多
时间去陪家人、旅游、阅读等等（缺点是睡眠时间减少）。所以纵观全文作者是
在突出睡眠时间选择。所以选项A“to sleep or not to sleep”更适合。选项B 译为
“我们如何能够睡得更久”，而在倒数第二段中讲到的是如何能够让清醒的状态
（不睡眠）保持更持久，故排除选项B。选项C 译为“工作或不工作”在中并没有
提及，故排除选项C。选项D 译为“我们需要睡多少时间”，针对这个观点在第一
段结尾处提出问题，只是在第二段进行解答，后面没有围绕该观点展开讲解，选
项D 为以偏概全，故D 选项排除。故正确答案为选项A。
B
4. 【答案】A
【解析】本题考查细节题。根据题干的 “repeating things” 定位至文章第二段
第一句 “Many people think that repeating things is the best way to remember them.
While this undoubtedly helps short-term memory.” 译为“许多人认为反复是记忆的
最好方式。然而这无疑是有助于短期记忆。”再从选项分析，选项A 译为“这肯定
有助于短期记忆”，同时选项中的for sure 与原文undoubtedly 同义替换。选项B
2
译为“这会使记忆有趣”原文中未提及，故排除。选项C 译为“这会有助于长久记
忆”根据关键词 “for long” 定位到第二段第二句 “psychologists doubt whether it
can help you to remember things for very long.” 译为“心里学家怀疑这是否会对长
久记忆有帮助。”可知不符合原文，故排除。选项D 译为“这会使记忆祈祷文毫不
费力。” 据关键词 “prayers” 定位到第二段第四句 “He found that he could
remember no more than three words of some of them. ” 可知和原句表述不一致。故
正确答案为选项A。
5. 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查猜词题。定位到第二段倒数最后两句 “The following
numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember: 1492178919931848. ” “But
look at them in chunks, and it becomes much easier: 1492 1789 1993 1848.” 通过两
句数字对比，可知数字是以成组出现， 选项A 译为 “细节”；选项B 译为“轮流”；
选项C 译为“组”；选项D 译为“线”。故正确答案为选项C。
6. 【答案】D
【解析】本题考查推断。选项A 关键词 “creating a picture”定位到第三段第
四句 “Many of them involve forming a mental picture of the things to be memorized.
One method, which may be useful in learning foreign languages---” 可知选项中
learning maths 与原文不符，故排除选项A； 选项B 关键词 “prayer” 定位到原
文第二段第三四句， “---He found that he could remember no more than three words
of some of them. ” 可知选项中 “trains our memory quickly ”未提及，故排除选项
B。选项C关键词 “long numbers” 定位到原文倒数第二句 “The following numbers
would be impossible for most of us to remember: 1492178919931848. ” 可知选项中
“easy for people”和原文不符。选项D 关键词 “asking yourself questions ” 定位到
原文最后一段最后两句 “you would ask yourself questions like----. This is said to be
far more effective than time spent passively reading and re-reading notes ” 可知选项
D 中activates（激活）对应原文 “far more effective”，故正确答案为选项D。
7. 【答案】D
【解析】本题考查主旨题。通过分析文章结构可知文章第一段最后一句 “so
how can we improve our memory? ” 为文章主旨句。根据主旨句可知正确选项为
D “to share some ways of improving memory”。译为 “为了分享一些提高记忆的方
法”。 选项A 译为“抱怨他的记忆力很糟糕。” 原文中未提及。故排除。选项B
译为“辨识记忆问题”，只有第二段提及，不能概括全篇，故排除。选项C 译为“说
明一些记忆的实验”只是研究过程，不是最终的写作目的。故正确答案为选项D。
小学
初中
