第02 讲 完形填空高频障碍词+熟词生义
目录
01 课标达标练
题型01 完形填空障碍难词动词（短语）辨析
题型02 熟词生义辨析
02 核心突破练
03 真题溯源练
考向01 完形填空障碍难词（短语）辨析
（一）单项选择
1．She is ________ the most inventive coder on the team, routinely delivering elegant solutions weeks ahead of
aggressive deadlines.
A．submissively
B．faithfully
C．profitably
D．arguably
【答案】D
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她可以说是团队里最有创造力的程序员，经常能在紧张的截止日期前
几周就给出优雅的解决方案。A. submissively 顺从地；B. faithfully 忠实地；C. profitably 有利可图地；D.
arguably 可以说，大概。根据“routinely delivering elegant solutions weeks ahead of aggressive deadlines”可
知，句子表达对她能力的肯定，支持“她是最有创造力的”这一评价，arguably“可以说，大概”符合题
意，常用于表达观点时留有余地，但实际带有肯定倾向。故选D。
2．The detective investigated the case _______, following every lead and clue meticulously, determined to
uncover the truth behind the mysterious incident.
A．perfunctorily
B．thoroughly
C．cursorily
D．superficially
【答案】B
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位侦探彻底地调查这个案子，一丝不苟地追踪每一条线索，决心揭
开这起神秘事件背后的真相。A. perfunctorily 敷衍地；B. thoroughly 彻底地；C. cursorily 粗略地，粗糙地；
D. superficially 表面地，浅薄地。根据句意及空后“following every lead and clue meticulously”可知，侦探彻
底调查案件，应用副词thoroughly。故选B。
3．Despite evidence, the ________ persists that humans use only ten percent of their brains, captivating self-help
audiences worldwide.
A．myth
B．mystery
C．medium
D．memorandum
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有证据（反驳），但“人类只使用了大脑的10%”这一说法依然
存在，吸引着全世界的自助受众。A. myth（广为流传但错误的）信念，说法；B. mystery 谜，奥秘；C.
medium 媒介，手段；D. memorandum 备忘录。结合“Despite evidence”及“humans use only ten percent of
their brains”这一无科学依据的观点可知，空格处应表示“不实说法”，故用myth。故选A。
4．The first light of _______ crept over the hills, painting the sky in _______ of gold and rose.
A．dawn; shades
B．morning; shadows
C．dusk; shades
D．dawn; shadows
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一缕晨光爬过山丘，把天空染成金色和玫瑰色。A. dawn 黎明；
shades 色度，深浅；B. morning 早晨；shadows 阴影；C. dusk 黄昏；shades 色度，深浅；D. dawn 黎明；
shadows 阴影。“The first light”指“第一缕光线”，对应一天中黎明（dawn）时分，而morning 范围比较
广；“shades”表示“（颜色的）浓淡、深浅”，符合天空被霞光染色的场景，而“shadows”意为“阴
影”，与“gold and rose”（明亮的色彩）矛盾。故选A。
5．The community came together for a ______ concert to help those affected by the flood, with residents from all
over the area gathering to show their support.
A．benefit
B．symphony
C．virtual
D．classical
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：社区联合举办了一场慈善音乐会，来帮助那些受洪水影响的
人，来自该地区各地的居民都聚集在一起表示支持。A. benefit 慈善活动；B. symphony 交响乐；C. virtual
虚拟的；D. classical 古典的。根据“to help those affected by the flood”可知，举办这场音乐会的目的是为了
帮助受洪水影响的人，所以应该是慈善音乐会。因此，用名词benefit 来修饰concert 符合语境。故选A
项。
6．One of the main ______ of the study was the small sample size, which restricted the generalizability of the
findings.
A．challenges
B．highlights
C．features
D．limitations
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该研究的主要局限性之一是样本量小，这限制了研究结果的普遍适用
性。A. challenges 挑战；B. highlights 亮点；C. features 特点；D. limitations 限制，局限性。根据句意和
which restricted the generalizability of the findings 可知，这里指样本量不足导致研究存在局限性，从而限制
其广泛应用。故选D 项。
7．He decided to ______ himself to the music, letting the rhythm guide his every move on the dance floor.
A．abandon
B．engage
C．indulge
D．overflow
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定放任自己沉溺在音乐中，让节奏引导他在舞池中的每一个动
作。A. abandon 放任，沉溺于；B. engage 使参与，从事；C. indulge 纵容，沉溺于；D. overflow 溢出，充
满。结合“himself to the music, letting the rhythm guide his every move on the dance floor”可知，空格处应表
达“放任自己沉溺在”音乐中，abandon 常指全身心地投入某种情感或活动中，不受拘束；engage 通常指
参与某项活动或工作，与沉浸在音乐中的语境不符；indulge 虽也有沉溺之意，但更多用于对欲望、嗜好的
放纵，不如abandon 在描述全身心投入音乐时常用，故用abandon。故选A。
8．Before negotiations began, the CEO stood to ________ enduring partnership, clinking glasses with investors.
A．roast
B．boast
C．coast
D．toast
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谈判开始前，首席执行官起身为持久的合作伙伴关系举杯致意，与投
资者们碰杯。A. roast 烤，焙；B. boast 自夸；C. coast 惯性滑行；D. toast 举杯敬酒。根据“clinking glasses
with investors (与投资者们碰杯)”可知，动词toast“举杯敬酒”符合商务礼仪和语境，表示“起身为持久的
合作伙伴关系举杯致意”。故选D。
9．Sarah carefully reviewed the contract, then ________ it to the finance department for final approval before the
board meeting scheduled next Tuesday.
A．signed
B．forwarded
C．drafted
D．released
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sarah 仔细审阅了合同，然后将其提交至财务部以待下周二董事会会
议前的最终审批。A. signed 签署；B. forwarded 转发，提交；C. drafted 起草；D. released 发布。根据“it to
the finance department for final approval”可知，动词forwarded“转发，提交”符合题意，短语forward sth to
sb 表示“将某物转交或转发给某人”，符合公司审批流程的规范。故选B。
10．The vivarium (生态箱)________ a collection of live amphibians and reptiles including many critically
________ species, offering a unique opportunity to see rare and beautiful creatures.
A．houses; endangered
B．houses; extinct
C．represents; endangered
D．represents; died out
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词和形容词辨析。句意：这个生态箱里饲养着一系列活的两栖动物和爬行动物，包括许多
极度濒危的物种，为人们提供了观赏稀有美丽生物的独特机会。根据句意和The vivarium 可知，第一空
中，house 为动词，意为“容纳；包含”，符合生态箱的功能——生态箱是用于饲养和展示生物的容器，
而represents 意为“代表；象征”，不符合语境；第二空中，endangered 意为“濒危的”，修饰species 构
成endangered species(濒危物种)，与后文rare and beautiful creatures(稀有美丽的生物)呼应，而extinct 意为
“已灭绝的”，灭绝的物种不存在活的个体，与上文“live amphibians and reptiles”矛盾；died out 是动词短
语，表“消亡”，不能直接修饰名词species，语法上不成立。故选A 项。
11．Most businesses pay great attention to customers’ shopping experience as they want to maintain the ______
value of a good reputation.
A．intangible
B．intellectual
C．intelligible
D．interchangeable
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数企业非常注重顾客的购物体验，因为它们希望维持良好声誉
的无形价值。A. intangible 无形的；B. intellectual 智力的；C. intelligible 可理解的；D. interchangeable 可互
换的。根据“value of a good reputation”可知，intangible“无形的”符合题意，可描述品牌声誉这样无法触摸
但实际存在的价值。故选A。
12．During the economic downturn, demand for short ________ courses surged as displaced workers sought quick
credentials in renewable-energy installation.
A．recreational
B．vocational
C．institutional
D．generational
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在经济衰退期间，短期职业课程的需求激增，因为失业工人希望快
速获得可再生能源安装领域的资质证书。A. recreational 娱乐的；B. vocational 职业的；C. institutional 机构
的；D. generational 世代的。根据句意和“sought quick credentials in renewable-energy installation”可知，这
里指失业工人寻求短期职业课程来提升自己的技能。故选B 项。
13．Carbon dating offers vital clues, yet remains ________ within centuries, leaving archaeologists debating the
temple’s true age.
A．incorrect
B．inexact
C．incomplete
D．inconsistent
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：碳同位素测年法提供了关键线索，但其结果仍存在数百年误差，导
致考古学家对这座寺庙的真实年代争论不休。A. incorrect 不正确的；B. inexact 不精确的；C. incomplete 不
完整的；D. inconsistent 不一致的。根据“leaving archaeologists debating the temple’s true age (导致考古学家
对这座寺庙的真实年代争论不休)”可知，碳同位素测年法存在误差，不够精确，inexact“不精确的”符合题
意。故选B。
14．They do not agree with us that human rights issues are minor and ________ from “more pressing” matters.
A．sociable
B．separable
C．sustainable
D．scalable
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们不同意我们的观点，即人权问题是次要的，并且可以从“更紧
迫”的事项中分离出来。A. sociable 好交际的，友善的；B. separable 可分开的，可分离的；C. sustainable
可持续的；D. scalable 可扩展的。空处与minor 并列，共同描述主语human rights issues 的性质，且需与
from 搭配，表示“人权问题”与“更紧迫事项”的关系，因此separable“可分开的，可分离的”符合题
意，短语be separable from 意为“可与……分开/分离”，表示人权问题“既次要又可分离”的双重属性。
故选B。
15．The sculpture, a towering and intricate piece of art, is ______ to the city’s first responders, who selflessly rush
into danger to save lives and protect the community.
A．entitled
B．limited
C．subjected
D．dedicated
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词（短语）辨析。句意：这座雕塑 —— 一件高耸而复杂的艺术品 —— 是献给这座城
市的第一响应者的，他们无私地冲向危险，拯救生命并保护社区。A.entitled to 有权获得……；B. limited to
局限于……；C. subjected to 受……支配；D. dedicated to 献给……/为……而设。根据句意和“who
selflessly rush into danger to save lives and protect the community”可知，这里指这座雕塑是献给这座城市的第
一响应者。故选D 项。
16．Despite mounting evidence of irreversible damages, the government’s continued inaction has left citizens
increasingly ______ about future sustainability.
A．curious
B．concerned
C．confident
D．confused
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管有越来越多表明（环境已造成）不可逆转破坏的证据，但政府
持续不作为让公民对未来的可持续性愈发担忧。A. curious 好奇的；B. concerned 担忧的；C. confident 自信
的；D. confused 迷惑的。由句意和irreversible damages 可知，这里指不可逆转破坏让公民对未来的可持续
性感到担忧。故选B 项。
17．The fire spread so quickly that the entire building is in flames (火焰) within minutes.
A．steely
B．remarkably
C．literally
D．rarely
【答案】C
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：火势蔓延得如此之快，以至于整座建筑在几分钟内就陷入了火焰之
中。A. steely 钢铁般的；B. remarkbaly 显著地；C. literally 真正地、确实地；D. rarely 罕见地。根据“in
flames (火焰) within minutes”可知，火势猛烈，几分钟就真正大火冲天。故选C。
18．China has never accepted that once a country becomes strong enough, it will ______ seek hegemony (霸权).
China understands the lesson of history — that hegemony preludes decline.
A．invariably
B．basically
C．intensely
D．simply
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：中国从来没有接受过，一旦一个国家变得足够强大，它将一贯地寻求
霸权。中国明白历史的教训——霸权是衰落的前奏。A. invariably 始终如一地，一贯地；B. basically 基本
上；C. intensely 强烈地；D. simply 仅仅。根据后文“China understands the lesson of history — that hegemony
preludes decline.”可知，中国知道霸权是衰落的前奏，所以中国从来没有接受过，一旦一个国家变得足够强
大，它将一贯地寻求霸权的说法。故选A 项。
19．The conductor’s choice to pair Mozart with jazz improvisation was a _______ of genius — the orchestra’s
_______ enthusiasm blurred the lines between classical precision and spontaneous joy.
A．source; intensive
B．stroke; infectious
C．source; infectious
D．stroke; intensive
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词及形容词词义辨析。句意：指挥家将莫扎特与爵士即兴演奏结合的选择堪称绝妙的主意
——乐团极具感染力的热情模糊了古典音乐的精确与即兴的喜悦之间的界限。source 来源，根源；stroke
（灵感）突发；intensive 加强的，强烈的；infectious 有感染力的。结合“The conductor’s choice to pair
Mozart with jazz improvisation”可知，第一空应用stroke，和of genius 搭配，构成固定短语a stroke of
genius，意为“聪明的办法，绝妙的主意”；结合“blurred the lines between classical precision and
spontaneous joy”可知，第二空应用infectious“有感染力的”，体现乐团的热情的影响。故选B。
20．I’m not sure whether the ______ steals our dawns or gifts them, but in the chase itself, we create meaning,
finding purpose in the act of living.
A．honor
B．competition
C．facility
D．hustle
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不确定这种忙碌是偷走了我们的黎明还是赠予了我们黎明，但在这
种追逐本身中，我们创造了意义，在生活的行动中找到了目标。A. honor 荣誉；B. competition 竞争；C.
facility 设施；D. hustle 忙碌，奔波。结合句意分析，后文中提到in the chase（在这种追逐中），可以推断
生活中是充满了匆忙奔波，就好像在追逐生活一样，hustle 符合题意。故选D 项。
21．Having spotted the tiny mistake in the experimental data — a flaw that had escaped even her most careful
peers — the young researcher swiftly adjusted her hypothesis to ________ the reliability of her ground-breaking
study.
A．ensure
B．perceive
C．afford
D．predict
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位年轻的研究人员发现了实验数据中一个微小的错误 —— 这个错
误甚至连她最细心的同事都没有注意到 —— 她迅速调整了自己的假设，以确保她这项开创性研究的可靠
性。A. ensure 确保，保证；B. perceive 感知，理解，意识到；C. afford 买得起，承担得起；D. predict 预
测，预言。根据句意可知，这位年轻的研究人员发现了实验数据中的一个错误，并迅速调整了自己的假
设，目的是为了“确保”她研究的可靠性。因此，“ensure”符合语境。故选A 项。
22．The cat woke up and ________ its body lazily.
A．extended
B．adjusted
C．stretched
D．attached
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：猫醒来后，慵懒地伸展着身体。 A. extended 延伸；B. adjusted 调整；
C. stretched 伸展；D. attached 附加。根据句意，猫醒来后，做出舒展身体的自然动作，stretched 能够准确
地描述猫伸展身体的动作。故选C 项。
23．Any individual who intends to ______ a medical career ______, in accordance with established regulations,
complete the necessary training and pass all required examinations before being granted the professional license.
A．commence; shall
B．commence; ought toC．manage; ought to
D．manage; shall
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词和情态动词辨析。句意：任何打算开始医疗职业生涯的人都必须按照既定规定完成必要
的培训并通过所有要求的考试，然后才能获得职业执照。选项中涉及的词汇：A. commence 开始；shall 必
须，应该，用于第三人称表示法律、规定、命令等；manage 管理；第一空，根据语意可知，此处指的是
“开始医疗职业生涯”，所以应填入commence；第二空，根据语意可知，此处表示“必须按照既定规定
完成必要的培训并通过所有要求的考试”，shall 用于第三人称表示法律、规定、命令等，符合语境。故选
A 项。
24．It is reported that the children from the earthquake-stricken areas are in need of love and attention..
A．typical
B．concrete
C．desperate
D．actual
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据报道，来自地震灾区的孩子们极度需要爱和关注。A. typical 典型
的；B. concrete 具体的；C. desperate 极需要的；D. actual 实际的。根据句意，空处表示“极需要的”，应
为desperate，故选C 项。
25．Fabiola da Silva, who never stops pushing her limits, is the most recognizable and most ______ leader of the
female inline skating scene for years.
A．disorganized
B．undisputed
C．pretentious
D．controversial
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：法比奥拉·达席尔瓦（Fabiola da Silva）从未停止挑战自己的极限，
多年来一直是女子直排轮滑界最知名和最无争议的领导者。 A. disorganized 无组织的；B. undisputed
无争议的；C. pretentious 自命不凡的；D. controversial 有争议的。前面定语从句里提到她从未停止挑战自
己的极限，及形容词the most recognizable 也是肯定的评价，由此可知，空上需要的形容词应该是正面的肯
定的评价，她很优秀，作为领导者应该是毫无争议的，其他选项都是贬义。故选B 项。
26．The teacher explained the complex mathematical concept _______, breaking it down into simple steps and
using practical examples, so that most students could easily understand.
A．ambiguously
B．lucidly
C．obscurely
D．equivocally
【答案】B
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：老师清晰明了地讲解这个复杂的数学概念，将其拆解成简单的步骤，
并运用实际例子，以便大多数学生都能轻松理解。A. ambiguously 含糊其辞地，不明确地；B. lucidly 清晰
地；C. obscurely 模糊地，晦涩地；D. equivocally 模棱两可地。根据后文“breaking it down into simple steps
and using practical examples, so that most students could easily understand”可知，老师清晰明了地讲解这个复
杂的数学概念。故选B。
27．The experienced athlete, who had been training hard for years, performed in the championship _______,
showing outstanding skills and unwavering confidence, which left the audience in awe.
A．proficiently
B．inadequately
C．clumsily
D．hesitantly
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那位经验丰富、多年来刻苦训练的运动员在锦标赛中表现得十分娴
熟，展现出了卓越的技能和坚定不移的信心，让观众惊叹不已。A. proficiently 熟练地；B. inadequately 不
充分地；C. clumsily 笨拙地；D. hesitantly 犹豫地。根据“who had been training hard for years”以及
“showing outstanding skills and unwavering confidence, which left the audience in awe”可知，这位有经验的运
动员在比赛中表现非常熟练。故选A。
28． , it’s estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China crops generated from Yuan
Longping’s hybrid strains.
A．Presently, is consisted of
B．Apparently, is made up of
C．Specifically, is composed
D．Currently, is comprised of
【答案】D
【详解】考查副词辨析与动词词组。句意：当前，据估计，中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁的杂交
品种生产的作物。A.Presently,is consisted of 当前，由……组成；B.Apparently, is made up of 明显，由……
组成；C.Specifically, is composed 特有地，明确地，由……组成；D.Currently, is comprised of 当前，
由……组成。根据语义，第一个空可以填Presently 或者Currently，排除BC；由……组成对应的英文是
consist of、be made up of、be comprised of 或者be composed of。故选D。
29．Other tools that are ______ helpful are structured brainstorming, mind mapping and making forced ______.
A．peculiarly, contracts B．particularly, connections C．primarily, contacts D．specially, contradictions
【答案】B
【详解】考查副词和名词。句意：其他尤其有用的工具是有组织的头脑风暴、思维导图和建立强制联系。
A. peculiarly 特别, contracts 合同；B. particularly 尤其, connections 联系；C. primarily 主要地, contacts 联系
(常指人与人之间的接触)；D. specially 专门地, contradictions 矛盾。第一空处修饰形容词helpful，可用副词
particularly 或peculiarly 作状语，表示“尤其，特别”；第二空处作宾语，可用名词connection，表示“联
系”；综上，只有B 项满足条件。故选B 项。
30．Wash your hands ________ with hot soapy water before handling any food.
A．thoroughly
B．purely
C．immensely
D．permanently
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在处理任何食物之前都要用热肥皂水彻底把手洗干净。A. thoroughly
彻底地；B. purely 完全地；C. immensely 极大地；D. permanently 永久地。结合语意，在处理食物之前，应
该要彻底地把手洗干净，这样才卫生。故选A 项。
（二）选词填空
选用适当的单词或短语补全短文。
A．influence B．devoted C． physically D．circumstance E. affected
F. overall G. financially H. decision I. positive J. strive K. joyful
Happiness, according to the Oxford English dictionary, is based on luck or good fortune. Joy on the other
hand, is described as a vivid emotion of pleasure. Thus, happiness depends on 31 ; joy, on our emotional
well-being.
If you know joyful people, you will probably notice common traits among them. Joyful people are often
healthy, both 32 and mentally; they value strong 33 relationships, and they don’t allow the
extremes of life -- sudden highs or sudden lows -- to 34 them too much. Joyful people lead a more stable
life. But these abilities do not just arrive; they have to be worked at.
Teaching ourselves to be joyful may be one of the greatest things we can do to enhance our 35
health. However, it is important to understand that joy is an emotion that arises from within us and is not 36
by the things that happen to us. Instead of looking for external things to provide happiness in our lives, we must
37 to find the joy within. We must educate ourselves about joy and work to enhance it in our lives. One way to
start is to make a 38 to wake up every morning and find joy in our lives. Think about a special person or
a 39 pet. It is our choice to be joyful or fearful. Let’s take the time to train ourselves to be 40 --
our lives will be both happier and healthier for it.
【答案】
31．D 32．C 33．I 34．A 35．F 36．E 37．J 38．H 39．B 40．K
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了快乐的人是身心健康的人，不会因身边的事而产生大起大落的
情绪，所以要教自己快乐起来，在生活中找到快乐，使生活变得更快乐、更健康。
31．考查名词。句意：因此，幸福取决于命运境遇；快乐取决于我们的心理健康。前一句“Happiness,
according to the Oxford English dictionary, is based on luck or good fortune.(根据牛津英语词典，幸福是基于运
气或好运)”，最后一段第三句“Instead of looking for external things to provide happiness in our lives, we must
7
to find the joy within(我们必须努力寻找内在的快乐，而不是寻找外在的东西来给我们的生活
带来幸福)”可知，“幸福（Happiness）”来自于外在境遇，设空处应填circumstance，意为“命运，境
遇”，作depends on 的宾语，符合语境。故选D 项。
32．考查副词。句意：快乐的人通常身心都很健康。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语，修饰形容词
healthy，与mentally“精神上，心理上”相呼应，应用副词physically“身体上地”,符合语境。故选C 项。
33．考查形容词。句意：他们重视牢固而积极的关系，不允许生活的极端——突然的高潮或突然的低谷
——对他们产生太大的影响。根据上文“Joyful people are often healthy, both
2
and mentally”
可知，快乐的人身心健康，能建立起牢固积极的关系。设空处应填形容词positive，意为“乐观的，积极
的”，修饰宾语relationships。故选I 项。
34．考查动词。句意：他们重视牢固而积极的关系，不允许生活的极端——突然的高潮或突然的低谷——
对他们产生太大的影响。根据语境，快乐的人身心健康，不会让大起大落的情绪所左右。此处应填动词
influence，意为“对……起作用，影响”，以动词不定式的形式作宾语the extremes of life 的补语。故选A
项。
35．考查形容词。句意：教自己快乐可能是我们能做的提高我们整体健康的最伟大的事情之一。设空处在
名词health 之前，作定语，应用形容词overall，意为“总的，全面的”，组成动词短语enhance our overall
health，意为“提升我们的整体健康”。故选F 项。
36．考查动词。句意：然而，重要的是要明白，快乐是一种产生于我们内心的情绪，不受发生在我们身上
的事情的影响。设空处应填动词过去分词affected，意为“影响”，构成一般现在时的被动语态，为谓语
动词；根据语意可知，快乐的人不会因身边发生的事而影响到自身内心的快乐。故选E 项。
37．考查动词。句意：我们必须努力寻找内在的快乐，而不是寻找外在的东西来给我们的生活带来快乐。
设空处应用动词strive，意为“努力”；动词短语strive to do sth，意为“努力做某事”。strive 符合语境。
故填J 项。
38．考查名词。句意：一个方法就是做个决定:每天早上醒来，在生活中找到快乐。动词短语make a
decision，意为“作决定”，设空处应填名词decision，作make 的宾语。故填H 项。
39．考查形容词。句意：想一个特别的人或一个忠诚的宠物。根据前一句“One way to start is to make a
8
to wake up every morning and find joy in our lives.(一个方法就是做个决定：每天早上醒来，在生活
中找到快乐)”可知，此处是建议去想能给人快乐的人或物，设空处应填形容词devoted，意为“挚爱的，忠
诚的”，作宾语pet 的定语。故选B 项。
40．考查形容词。句意：让我们花点时间训练自己变得快乐——我们的生活将会因此而更快乐、更健康。
设空处在动词be 之后，应用形容词joyful，意为“高兴的”，构成不定式to be joyful 作ourselves 的补语。
故选K 项。
考向02 熟词生义辨析
根据语境写出划线部分的汉语意思
1. The man is thirsty for power.
2. He dressed quietly and stole out of the house.
3．Our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.
4．As time went by, she thought more and more that she could make the London Games — and win.
5．Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and
talk about them when you can.
6．Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading
to changes in the ocean’s appearance.
7．The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.
8．My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway.
9．The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story.
10．Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at
getting grizzlies away.
11．She secured a job with the help of her father.
12．You can book the grand hotel commanding the whole wonderful view of the city.
13．The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket
from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.
14．To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10minute
time frame. .
15．Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D．C．, which recovers food and turns it into healthy
meals.
16．By winning the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so.
17．Being a graduate in English, I make English lectures with ease. ．
18．The outgoing volunteer is expert in driving cars.
19．Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the
very best photography of the British landscape. ．
20．As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves
living at a different time in history. ．
21．Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she
wanted to spend on each session, and her age. ．
22．We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.
23．You can turn to Simon for advice, who is a computer nut.
24．It is a physical impossibility to be in two places at once.
25．Money was always tight, but we had a roof over our heads.
26．The bay was bathed in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore.
27．Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy.
28．Although the two young women were strangers before the meet, they’ve since become friends.
29．He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem.
30．Then we realized that the spray had only angered him even more.
31．I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World.
32．We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset.
33．The plot to murder the president was uncovered.
34．And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.
35．Here’s the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see
flashes of genius wherever they appear.
36．The helicopter landed near our camp and its loud noises scared the bear. He looked irritated and charged at
us again.
37．He developed a greenhouselike facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington.
38．The nature language enhances work performance.
39．Whatever stage of life you’re at，wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA，you’ll create
positive changes in a poor and remote community.
40.I really need to launder my sofa throw.
41.I still prize
all those early pamphlets.
42.I was leafing through an old school magazine when I came across your photo.
43.Most solicitors in England and Wales are in private practice
.
44.He needs surgery to correct the problem.
45.My mother asked me to walk
the dog just now.
46.I give you my word that it won‘t happen again.
47. They tied with the visiting team in the game.
48. I‘m sorry. I hadn’t realized the situation was that bad.
49．Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.
50．Tu Youyou discovered a novel method to extract the useful substance.
1.【答案】渴望的
【解析】考查形容词。句意：那个男人渴望获得权力。adj. 口渴的；渴望（求）…的；干旱的，缺水的；
耗油的。
2.【答案】溜走
【解析】考查动词。句意：他悄悄地穿好衣服，偷偷地溜出了房子。steal 熟义，偷；生义：悄悄地做，
悄悄地走，溜。
3.【答案】n. 实验对象
【解析】考查名词。句意：我们年轻的实验对象理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被要求做什么。
根据comprehended the questions 及knew exactly what was asked of them 可知，subjects 为名词，意思为：实
验对象。故填：实验对象。
4.【答案】vt.成功获得或达到（某一位置或速度等）
【解析】考查动词。句意：随着时间的流逝，她越来越认为自己可以参加伦敦奥运会，并赢得胜利。
make 和其前的情态动词could 一起构成谓语部分，是动词，结合and win 可知，此处指“她越来越认为自
己可以参加伦敦奥运会”，故make 意为“成功获得或达到（某一位置或速度等）”，故填“vt.成功获得
或达到（某一位置或速度等）”。
5.【答案】vt.常去，常到
【解析】考查动词。句意：鼓励读者使用图书馆。在你的社交媒体上分享图书馆的公告。当你可以的时
候，经常去图书馆并谈论它们。此处是祈使句，以动词原形开头，故frequent 是动词，结合talk about them
when you can 可知，此处指“经常去图书馆”，frequent 意为“常去，常到”，故填“vt.常去，常到”。
6.【答案】vt.刺激
【解析】考查动词。句意：气候变化将刺激某些地区浮游植物的生长，同时减少其他地区的浮游植物，
从而导致海洋外观的变化。fuel 和其前的will 一起构成谓语部分，故fuel 是动词，结合while reducing it in
other spots 可知，此处指“气候变化将刺激某些地区浮游植物的生长”，fuel 意为“刺激”，故填“vt.刺
激”。
7.【答案】adj.（眼睛）泪汪汪的
【解析】考查形容词词义。句意：一家人拥抱在一起，泪眼朦胧地微笑着，然后大笑起来。由“The
family hugged”可知，句子表示“一家人拥抱在一起，泪眼朦胧地微笑着”，misty 的意思是“（眼睛）泪
汪汪的”，是形容词，修饰名词eyes，故填“adj.（眼睛）泪汪汪的”。
8．【答案】vi.（因害怕等）突然停止
【解析】考查动词词义。句意：当我看到拖拉机开向高速公路时，我的心都僵在胸口了。由“as I saw
the tractor heading towards the motorway”可知，句子表示“当我看到拖拉机开向高速公路时，我的心都僵在
胸口了”，froze 是动词，意为“（因害怕等）突然停止”。故填“vi.（因害怕等）突然停止”。
9．【答案】n．幕，帷幕
【解析】考查名词词义。句意：幕布即将拉开，几分钟后，动作和对话将向你讲述故事。由“in a few
minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story”可知，句子表示“幕布即将拉开”，curtains 是名词，
意为“幕，帷幕”。故填“n. 幕，帷幕”。
10．【答案】n.住处
【解析】考查名词词义。句意：在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰
熊。由“Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters”和“getting grizzlies
away”可知，句子表示“在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊”，quarters
指的是动物住的地方，意为“住处”，是名词，故填“n.住处”。
11．【答案】vt.获得
【解析】考查动词词义。句意：她在父亲的帮助下找到了一份工作。由“a job with the help of her
father”可知，句子表示“她在父亲的帮助下找到了一份工作”，secured 的意思是“获得”，是动词，故填
“vt.获得”。
12．【答案】vt.俯瞰
【解析】考查动词词义。句意：你可以预定俯瞰全城美景的大饭店。由“the whole wonderful view of
the city”可知，句子表示“你可以预定俯瞰全城美景的大饭店”，commanding 的意思是“俯瞰”，是动
词，故填“vt.俯瞰”。
13．【答案】adj. 普通的， 平常的 vt. 拍摄 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这位中国教练把道格拉
斯变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从一名普通的国家队队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手。
average 在句中修饰名词member，是形容词作定语，结合to the top of the sport 可知，此处指“从一名普通
的国家队队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手”，average 意为“普通的，平常的”，故填“adj. 普通的，平
常的”。
14．【答案】 n. 照片
【解析】考查名词。句意：为了拍摄我的一些风景照片，我行进了四个小时的距离只为了10 分钟的拍
摄。shots 在句中作make 的宾语，是名词，结合landscape 可知，此处指“风景照片”，shots 意为“照
片”，shoot 前是不定式符号to，shoot 是动词，意为“拍摄”。故填“①n. 照片②vt. 拍摄”。
15．【答案】vt. 回收，重新利用
【解析】考查动词。句意：Curtin 是华盛顿特区DC Central Kitchen 的首席执行官，该公司将食物回
收，并将其转化为健康的食物。recovers 是定语从句的谓语动词，根据turns it into healthy meals 可知，此处
指“将食物回收”，recovers 意为“回收，重新利用”。故填“vt. 回收，重新利用”。
16．【答案】n.冠军
【解析】考查名词。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为第一位获得这一殊荣的黑人女性。根据句
意可知，title 为冠军。为名词词性。 故填n.冠军。
17．【答案】n．毕业生
【解析】考查名词。句意：作为一个英语专业的毕业生，我做英语讲座很轻松。根据句意可知，
graduate 为毕业生。为名词词性。故填n．毕业生。
18．【答案】adj.熟练的;内行的
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这位外向的志愿者是驾驶汽车的专家。根据句意可知，expert 为adj.熟练
的；内行的，为形容词。故填adj.熟练的；内行的。
19．【答案】n．参赛作品
【解析】考查名词。句意：每年，高标准的参赛作品都表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完
美平台。根据语境可知，高标准的参赛作品表明了该奖项是一个展示作品的完美平台。entries 为entry 的复
数形式，意为“参赛作品”，为名词。故填：n. 参赛作品。
20.【答案】n．展览品
【解析】考查名词。句意：除了观看展品，游客还可以玩计算机模拟游戏，想象自己生活在历史的不同时
期。根据意境可知，游客除了观看展览品，还可以玩计算机模拟游戏等。exhibits 为exhibit 的复数形式，
意为“展览品”，为名词。故填：n. 展览品。
21．【答案】n．启事；声明
【解析】考查名词。句意：她的声明包括她想做什么样的训练，每周有多少天，每次训练要花多少小时，
以及她的年龄。根据语境可知，她的声明包括她想要怎样训练，每次训练多少小时，她的年龄等。notice
意为“启事；声明”，为名词。故填：n. 启事；声明。
22．【答案】adj.(机器或设备)不转动的
【解析】查词性和词义辨析。句意：我们被困在湖中央，发动机坏了。句中dead 是形容词，作定语，
意为“不转动的，不运转的”。故填：adj.(机器或设备)不转动的。
23．【答案】n．着迷的人
【解析】考查词性和词义辨析。句意：你可以向西蒙请教，他是个电脑迷。句中nut 是名词，作表
语，意为“着迷的人”。故填：n．着迷的人。
24．【答案】adj.符合自然法则的
【解析】考查词性和词义。句意：同时出现在两个地方从自然法则上来说不可能的。句中physical 是形
容词，作定语，意为“符合自然法则的”。故填：adj.符合自然法则的。
25．【答案】adj.(经济)紧张的
【解析】考查熟词生义。句意：钱总是很紧，但我们有栖身之所。根据“we had a roof over our heads”
可知，我们有栖身之所，再由but 表示转折可知，我们的钱是“紧张的”，它是形容词，故填“adj.(经济)
紧张的”。
26．【答案】adj.沐浴着(光线)
【解析】考查熟词生义。句意：海湾沐浴在阳光下，离岸150 米左右有一群皮划艇运动员。根据“in
sunshine”可知，海湾沐浴在阳光下，它是形容词，故填“adj.沐浴着(光线)”。
27．【答案】adj.不清楚的
【解析】考查熟词生义。句意：每一种动物都睡觉，但其原因尚不清楚。根据“Every animal sleeps”
可知，每一种动物都睡觉，再由but 表示转折可知，其原因尚不清楚，它是形容词，故填“adj.不清楚
的”。
28．【答案】n.体育比赛，运动会
【解析】考查名词。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在运动会之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。句中
meet 表示“体育比赛，运动会”，名词词性，故填n.体育比赛，运动会。
29． 【答案】vt.运用， 使用
【解析】考查动词。句意：他采用了一种恰当的方法来解决这个问题。句中employed 表示“运用，
使用”，及物动词。故填vt.运用，使用。
30．【答案】vt.使发怒
【解析】考查动词。句意：然后我们意识到，喷水只是更激怒了他。句中angered 表示“使发怒”，
及物动词，故填vt.使发怒。
31.【答案】n. 一本，一册，一份
【解析】考查词性和词义理解。句意：大约在我13 岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本Jostein Gaarder 的
《苏菲的世界》。根据句意可知，该句黑体单词copy 为名词，意为“一本，一册，一份”，满足句意要
求。故填n. 一本，一册，一份。
32．【答案】n. 地点， 位置
【解析】考查词性和词义理解。句意：我们设法离开这个地方，爬到更高的地方，因为有空闲时间直
到日落。根据句意可知，该句黑体单词spot 为名词，意为“地点， 位置”，满足句意要求。故填n. 地
点， 位置。
33．【答案】n.阴谋
【解析】考查词性和词义理解。句意：谋杀总统的阴谋被揭露了。根据句意可知，该句黑体单词plot
为名词，意为“阴谋”，满足句意要求。故填n.阴谋。
34．【答案】adj. (液体) 不透明的，浑浊的
【解析】考查单词词性和翻译。句意：酒是浑浊的，装在一个没有标签的有趣的旧瓶子里。cloudy 为
形容词，在句中作表语，意思为“（液体）不透明的，浑浊的”。故填：adj. (液体) 不透明的，浑浊的。
35．【答案】vt. 安置；把……放在适当位置
【解析】考查单词词性和翻译。句意：这是个好消息。在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，无论天才
出现在哪里，我们都能看到他们的闪光。positioned 在句中为及物动词position 的过去分词，position 意为
“安置；把……放在适当位置”。故填：vt. 安置；把……放在适当位置
36．【答案】vi. 向……冲去
【解析】考查单词词性和翻译。句意：直升飞机降落在我们营地附近，它发出的巨大噪音把熊吓坏
了。他看起来很生气，又向我们冲了过来。charged 为不及物动词，在句中作谓语，意为“向……冲
去”。故填：vi. 向……冲去。
37．【答案】vt.处理 38．n．业绩， 表现 39．n．阶段
【解析】考查动词。句意：他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600 户家庭的污
水。根据句意可知，treated 为动词，是“处理”的意思。故填vt.处理。
38．【答案】业绩， 表现
【解析】考查名词。句意：自然语言可以提高工作业绩。根据句意可知，performance 为名词，是“业
绩， 表现”。故填n．业绩， 表现。
39．【答案】n．阶段
【解析】考查名词。句意：无论你处于人生的哪个阶段，无论你去哪里，无论你在GDA 做什么项
目，你都将为贫穷和偏远的社区带来积极的变化。根据句意可知，stage 是名词，是“阶段”的意思。故填
n．阶段。
40.【答案】n. （沙发等的）套，罩
【解析】句意：我是该洗洗我的沙发套了。throw 熟义：投；掷；抛；扔；生义：猛动（头、臂、
腿）；挺起（胸）；仰起（头）；挥动（拳头、手臂）n. （沙发等的）套，罩
41. 【答案】v.珍视；
【解析】句意：我仍珍视所有的那些早期小册子。prize 熟义：n. 奖；奖赏；奖励；奖品；奖金；生
义：v.珍视；高度重视。
42.【答案】v.浏览
【解析】句意：当我匆匆翻阅一本学校旧杂志时，偶然发现了你的照片。leaf 熟义：n. 叶；叶片；叶
子；生义：匆匆翻阅；浏览。
43.【答案】执业
【解析】句意：英格兰和威尔士的大多数律师都是私人执业者。practice 熟词：v.实践；生义：v. 从事
(医务工作、法律专业等) ;执业。
44.【答案】v.珍视；
【解析】句意：他需要手术来矫正这一问题。correct adj.正确的；生义：v.纠正，改正。
45.【答案】v.珍视；
【解析】句意：刚才我妈妈要我去遛狗。walk 熟义:v\n.散步，走路；生义：使走，遛狗。
46.【答案】承诺，保证。
【解析】考查名词。句意：我向你保证，这种事不会再发生了。
47. 【答案】比赛达成平局
【解析】他们在比赛中与客队打成平手。tiev. 熟义：系，扣，捆，打结；（使）关系密切；束缚，限制；
生义：打成平局 n. 领带；绳子，金属丝；联系；束缚；轨枕；淘汰赛。
48. 【答案】
【解析】考查副词。句意：抱歉我还没有意识到情况有那么糟糕。That:det. 那个，那 pron. 那个，那
conj. 多么；如此…以至；用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出各种从句 adv. 不那么；那样.
49.【答案】n. 生物，活物
【解析】考查名词。句意：渐渐地，这些不同种类的生物相互适应，形成了自己的生态系统。根据got
used to one another 及formed their own ecosystem 可知，life 为名词，意思为：生物，活物。故填：生物，活
物。
50.【答案】adj. 新颖的
【解析】考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦发现了一种提取有用物质的新方法。根据to extract the useful
substance 及discover 可知，这是一种新颖的方法，novel 为形容词，意思为：新颖的。故填：新颖的。
题型 根据句意选择合适的选项
1. weigh
(1) Weigh your words before speaking. ( )
(2) Your suggestion weighed heavily in the discussion. ( )
A、称……的重量 B、权衡；仔细考虑 C、有意义，有分量
2. weight
How much weight will be attached to his decision? ( )
A、重量 B、重要性，分量 C、重东西
3. will
(1) The survivors never lost the will to live. ( )
(2) My grandmother left me these jewels in her will. ( )
A、将，会，要 B、遗嘱 C、意志
4. work
The pills the doctor gave me aren’t working and I still feel sick. ( )
A、工作，劳动 B、运转 C、起作用
5.No word has come from the battle front.( )
A. 字 B. 词 C.诺言 D.消息
6. against
(1) The skyscraper stands out against the blue sky. ( )
(2) He saved money against old age. ( )
A、反对、逆 B、以……为背景 C、防备 D、倚在，靠在
7. air
(1) She began to work with an air of quiet confidence. ( )
(2) We have no wish to air the matter. ( )
A、公开 B、神态，样子 C、空气
8. allow
The new seatbelt allows the driver greater freedom of movement.(）
A、允许，准许 B、承认 C、使……有可能
9. allowance
His father gave him an allowance of $,1,000 a year. ( )
A、允许 B、零用钱 C、允许量
10. appetite
He has an appetite for music while his brother likes playing football.（ ）
A、胃口 B、爱好 C、食欲
11. appreciate
At that time, we didn’t fully appreciate that he was seriously ill.（ ）
A、欣赏 B、感激，感谢 C、意识到
12. argue
Mary argued me into buying a new skirt..（ ）
A、争辩 B、说服 C、争论
13. arrest
(1) The new medicine arrested the spread of the disease. ( )
(2) Her warning tone arrested my attention. ( )
A、逮捕 B、吸引某人的注意 C、阻止
14. aspect
He is a man with an impressive aspect.( )
A、方面 B、外表，外观 C、方位，朝向
15. balance
(1) I must check my bank balance. ( )
(2) The school aims to balance the amount of time spent on arts and science subjects. ( )
A、平衡 B、差额，余款 C、使均衡
16. bear
(1) He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars. ( )
(2) That apple tree bears well. ( )
A、忍受，容忍 B、显示，带有 C、结果
17. behaviour
Many experts are studying the behaviour of the AIDS virus. ( )
A、行为 B、性能，特点 C、举止
18. blank
The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look. ( )
A、空白，空格 B、空白的 C、没表情的，茫然的
19. blue
(1) He’s been feeling blue all week as a result of his failure in the exam.( )
(2) Her hands were blue with cold. ( )
A、发青的 B、蓝色 C、忧伤的
20. build
He is a man of strong build. ( )
A、建造 B、锻炼 C、体格
21. cap
He capped my story with an even funnier one. ( )
A、帽子 B、覆盖，笼罩 C、胜过，超过
22. celebrate
He celebrated her for her courage. ( )
A、庆祝 B、称颂，赞扬 C、举行（仪式）
23. charge
If the red light comes on, it means the battery isn’t charging. ( )
A、负责，管理 B、收费 C、充电
24. class
The party tries to appeal to all classes of society. ( )
A、班级 B、阶层，阶级 C、种类，类别
25. command
Dr. Yang commands a great deal of respect as a surgeon. ( )
A、命令，指挥 B、精通 C、赢得、博得
26. commit
She didn’t want to commit herself on that matter. ( )
A、犯（错误、罪行） B、承担义务（责任） C、调拨……供使用
27. conclude
He concluded his speech with some amusing remarks. ( )
A、结束；完成 B、下结论，推论出 C、决定
28. conduct
Plastic and rubber won’t conduct electricity, but copper will. ( )
A、指挥 B、带领 C、传导
29. consume
The fire consumed the entire building. ( )
A、消耗，花费 B、消费 C、烧毁；毁灭
30. contain
Hearing such a fun joke, he is too excited to contain his laughter. ( )
A、包含，含有 B、抑制，控制 C、容纳
31. count
(1) It is not how much you read but what you read that counts. ( )
(2) He said that he counted me as his dearest person. ( B )
A、计算，数数 B、把……认为 C、有价值，重要
32. course
The main course was roast duck. ( )
A、过程 B、课程 C、一道菜
33. cover
(1) They were hoping to cover 40 miles yesterday. ( )
(2) You will have to pay an extra amount to cover the cost of insurance. ( )
A、覆盖 B、走完（一段路程） C、（钱）够支付
34. credit
Much of their success can be credited to the famous expert. ( )
A、信用，信誉 B、把……归功于 C、相信，信任
35. cross
(1) Don’t be so cross with me! ( )
(2) A mule is a cross between a horse and a donkey. ( )
A、穿越，横过 B、十字 C、混合物，杂种 D、生气的
36. damage
(1) He claimed $7,000 damages from the taxi company. ( )
(2) What’s the damage of the journey? ( )
A、损坏 B、伤害 C、赔偿金 D、费用
37. dismiss
He just laughed and dismissed the suggestion as unrealistic. ( )
A、解雇，开除 B、拒绝考虑（想法，意见等） C、解散
38. do
(1) Ten bottles of wine should do for the party. ( )
(2) That vase would do for your mum’s birthday present. ( )
A、做，干 B、正合适 C、足够
39. drive
(1) Failure drove him to suicide. ( )
(2) He drove a nail into the wall. ( )
A、驾驶 B、用车送（人） C、迫使 D、将……砸入
40. draw
His story drew tears from the audience. ( )
A、造成 B、画 C、拖，拉
41. edge
Slowly, we edged our way towards the front of the crowd. ( )
A、边缘 B、刀刃 C、慢慢移动
42. elect
Increasing numbers of people elect to work from home nowadays. ( )
A、选择 B、推举 C、选举
43. employ
The report examines teaching methods employed in the classroom. ( )
A、雇用 B、运用，使用 C、忙于
44. enter
(1) She entered her name for a math contest. ( )
(2) He entered the law profession. ( )
A、进入 B、报名参加 C、开始（新生活、新局面），从事
45. entertain
He entertained a belief that his son would rise in the world. ( )
A、款待 B、怀有，抱有 C、使（人）快乐
46. even
(1) There is not enough even land to build an airport in the hilly region.（ )
(2) The government should do something to keep prices more even. ( ）
A、甚至 B、平坦的，平滑的 C、平稳的
47. expand
He expanded on his new theory. ( )
A、扩大，扩张 B、膨胀 C、充分阐述
48. explode
(1) The children exploded with laughter. ( )
(2) The new findings exploded this old theory. ( )
A、爆炸 B、爆裂 C、（因生气、笑等）使（感情）爆发 D、推翻
49. fast
(1) He is my fast friend. ( )
(2) The cloth is dyed with fast color. ( )
A、快的 / 地 B、不褪色的 C、忠实的，可靠的
50. fever
He waited for her arrival in a fever of excitement. ( )
A、发烧 B、狂热 C、发热
51. fine
(1) There’s a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words. ( )
(2) I was fined thirty dollars for speeding. ( )
A、美好的 B、细微的 C、晴朗的 D、罚款
52. follow
She follows the fashion as soon as it comes out. ( )
A、跟随 B、听从 C、遵循（某生活方式）
53. foreign
(1) The subject is foreign to me. ( )
(2) Telling lies is foreign to his nature. ( )
A、外国的，外交的 B、不熟悉的 C、与……格格不入的
54. freeze
She froze at the sight of the snake. ( )
A、冻结 B、使冻僵 C、使呆住
55. game
Are you sure he’s really interested, and not just playing silly games with you?( )
A、游戏 B、比赛 C、把戏；花招
56. govern
(1) What factors governed your decision? ( )
(2) He governed his temper. ( )
A、统治 B、管理 C、影响 D、控制；抑制
57. green
(1) He is a typist who is green at his job. ( )
(2) It is still green in my memory. ( )
A、绿色的 B、青的，不熟的 C、没有经验的 D、新鲜的
58. ground
There is no ground for giving up. Try again carefully and you will succeed.( )
A、地面 B、土地，场地 C、理由
59. heavy
He said goodbye to his mother with a heavy heart. ( )
A、重的 B、大量的 C、（心情）沉重的，忧郁的
60. hit
The movie turned out to be a great hit, which was unexpected. ( )
A、击中，打击 B、袭击 C、成功，一举走红
61. hungry
Students are hungry for knowledge. ( )
A、饥饿的 B、渴望的 C、挨饿的
62. ill
The animals were ill treated by them. ( C )
A、生病的 B、不舒服的 C、恶劣地
63. interest
(1) Our family has an interest in the business. ( )
(2) He will pay 6 percent interest on a loan. ( )
A、利息 B、股份 C、兴趣，爱好
64. invent
He invented an excuse for his being late. ( )
A、发明 B、捏造，虚构 C、创造
65. invite
Such a careless action only invites suspicion. ( C )
A、邀请 B、请求，征求 C、招致；惹起
66. jump
Last week the price of goods jumped. ( )
A、跳；跳过 B、惊跳 C、（物价等）暴涨
67. kill
(1) The traffic jam killed our hope of getting there on time. ( )
(2) His joke killed the audience. ( )
A、杀掉；害死 B、消磨（时间） C、使笑/痛得要死 D、使（希望）破灭
68. labour
He laboured up the steep hill. ( )
A、劳动 B、努力做 C、费力地前进
69. last
He is the last person to tell a lie. ( )
A、最后的，最终的 B、上一个的 C、最不可能的
70. leg
The last leg of the journey always seems the longest. ( )
A、腿 B、一段路程 C、（食用）动物的腿
71. lift
(1) His speech gave us a lift. ( )
(2) A drink will lift your spirits. ( )
A、举起 B、抬起 C、振作（精神） D、鼓舞
72. mend
He’s mending slowly after the operation. ( )
A、修理 B、修补 C、痊愈；恢复健康
73. message
What message do you think the novel has? ( )
A、信息 B、口信 C、要点；主旨
74. novel
The idea was novel to me. ( )
A、小说 B、新颖的；新奇的
75. open
They left the water open.( )
A、打开的，开着的 B、（问题）未解决的 C、开放的
76. own
She owned her mistake. ( )
A、自己的 B、拥有；持有 C、承认；供认
77. outgoing
The outgoing president will attend the conference personally, and then he’ll resign his post. ( )
A、爱交际的 B、外向的 C、将卸任的；离职的
78. park
(1) I parked my baby at the neighbor’s house. ( )
(2) She parked herself on the edge of the bed. ( )
A、公园，庭院 B、放置 C、停车 D、坐下
79. picture
He knew a lot about the present economic picture. ( )
A、图片 B、状况；形势 C、描绘
80. pool
If we pool ideas, we may find a better solution to the problem. ( )
A、水坑 B、池塘 C、集中使用，联合
81. practically
My work is practically finished now, so I can have a good time this weekend. ( )
A、实际上 B、从实际出发 C、几乎，差不多
82. practice
It is her usual practice to have only one meal on Sundays. ( )
A、练习 B、实践 C、惯例
83. proper
We’re in a proper mess now. ( )
A、恰当的 B、规范的 C、完全的；彻底的
84. press
He pressed her guests to stay a little longer. ( )
A、压 B、劝说 C、压碎；熨平
85. put
I don’t think you put it clearly. Would you mind explaining it again? ( )
A、放，搁 B、说，表达 C、使处于（某状态）
86. reach
Here’s my phone number, in case you need to reach me. ( )
A、（用电话等）与……取得联络 B、到达；抵达 C、伸手触及
87. read
I didn’t read mother’s thoughts at that time. ( )
A、阅读 B、了解 C、理解；领会
88. receive
We will receive guests tonight. ( )
A、得到 B、收到 C、接待；欢迎
89. reduce
(1) The bombs reduced the city to ruins. ( )
(2) Hunger reduced him to stealing. ( )
A、减少；缩减 B、使成为 C、迫使（……陷入不佳状态）
90. rest
His assumption rested on reliable data. ( )
A、停止 B、依靠，依赖 C、休息
91. run
(1) A good idea ran through her mind. ( )
(2) He is not running in the upcoming election. ( )
A、奔跑 B、忽然想起 C、竞选 D、经营
92. say
(1) Say that war breaks out, what will you do? ( )
(2) What would you do if you got, say, a million dollars? ( )
A、说 B、假定 C、譬如
93. set
(1) He looked at me with set eyes. ( )
(2) Reviewing my studies the whole month, I was set for the exam. ( )
A、放置 B、确定 C、意志坚定的 D、准备好的
94. shoot
(1) The trees are shooting out fresh green leaves. ( )
(2) The tree give out new shoots in spring. ( )
A、射击；射中 B、发芽 C、嫩芽；新枝
95. shot
His father is a big shot in the factory. ( )
A、射击 B、开枪 / 炮 C、重要人物
96. spring
Fast-food restaurants are spring up all over the city. ( )
A、春天 B、涌出 C、泉水
97. stand
There is a newspaper stand at the corner. ( )
A、站立 B、忍受 C、货摊；售货亭
98. station
Two guards were stationed at the back of the room. ( )
A、站台 B、车站 C、驻扎于
99. steal
The man stole out of the building without anyone seeing him. ( )
A、偷 B、悄悄地行动 C、窃取
100. strength
Math is my strength, while I don’t do well in English. ( )
A、力气，力量 B、体力 C、强项
答案
1. (1) B ； (2) C ； 2. B 3. (1) C ；(2) B； 4. C 5. D
6. (1) B ； (2) C 7. (1) B ；(2) A 8. C 9. B
10. B 11. C 12. B 13. (1) C (2) B 14.B
15. (1) B； (2) C 16. (1) B； (2) C 17. B 18. C
19. (1) C (2) A 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. C
24. B 25. C 26. B 27 A 28.C 29. C
30. B 31. (1) C (2) B 32. C 33. (1) B； (2) C 34. B
35. (1) D ； (2) C 36. (1) C； (2) D 37. B 38. (1) C (2) B
39. (1) C； (2) D 40. A 41. C 42. A 43. B
44. (1) B； (2) C 45. B 46. (1) B； (2) C 47. C
48. (1) C； (2) D 49. (1) C； (2) B 50. B 51. (1) B； (2) D
52. A 53. (1) B；(2) C 54. C 55. C 56. (1) C；(2) D 57. (1) C ；(2) D
58. C 59. C 60. C 61. B 62. C 63. (1) B ； (2) A 64. B 65. C
66. C 67. (1) D； (2) C 68. C 69. C 70. B 71. (1) D； (2) C 72. C
73. C 74. B 75. A 76. C 77. C 78.(1) B； (2) D 79. B 80. C 81. C
82. C 83. C 84. B 85. B 86. A 87. C 88. C 89. (1) B； (2) C 90. B
91. (1) B ； (2) C 92. (1) B； (2) C 93. (1) C； (2) D 94. (1) B； (2) C
95. C 96. B 97. C 98. C 99. B 100. C
1.（2025 年新高考I 卷完形填空）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy ___38___ the beloved home our family had
spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the ___39___ we were moving to in town, donated
what we could, and rented a place to ___40___ our supposedly important objects. That left a house still ___41___
with things that, while not particularly ___42___, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional
___43___, another asking for a price cut. As our ___44___ day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and
reposted it. The ___45___: “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and
left happily with the vase.
___46___, I posted more. My daily posts and the ___47___ I received became a precious ray of light in the
chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to ___48___ the landfill and to please another person I
might not otherwise have ___49___.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the ___50___ that share our small space. I take ___51___ in
knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is ___52___ something that couldn’t come with us.
38. A. painting over
B. looking around
C. emptying out
D. pulling down
39. A. hotel
B. office
C. cottage
D. apartment
40. A. store
B. display
C. sell
D. repair
41. A. covered
B. decorated
C. stuffed
D. equipped
42. A. conventional
B. valuable
C. complicated
D. tolerable
43. A. fees
B. photos
C. receipts
D. models
44. A. move
B. pay
C. market
D. work
45 A. warning
B. request
C. description
D. reply
46. A. Confused
B. Interested
C. Disappointed
D. Encouraged
47. A. visits
B. reports
C. advice
D. money
48. A. remove
B. spare
C. find
D. check
49. A. investigated
B. recognized
C. encountered
D. recommended
50. A. giveaways
B. posts
C. contributions
D. belongings
51. A. joy
B. part
C. care
D. time
52. A. anticipating
B. appreciating
C. delivering
D. withdrawing
【答案】38. C 39. D 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D
51. A 52. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
【38 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23 年时间
建造的心爱的房子。A. painting over 粉刷覆盖；B. looking around 环顾四周；C. emptying out 清空；D.
pulling down 拆除。根据上文“ My husband and I had just sold our house”和下文“the beloved home our
family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东
西。故选C。
【39 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，
并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. hotel 酒店；B. office 办公室；C. cottage 小屋；D.
apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment today”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。
故选D。
【40 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，
并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. store 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D. repair 修
理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“our supposedly important objects”可推知，此处指租地方是为了存
放重要物品。故选A。
【41 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场
的东西。A. covered 覆盖的；B. decorated 装饰的；C. stuffed 塞满的；D. equipped 配备的。根据上文
“rented a place to 3 our supposedly important objects”以及下文“with things”可推知，此处指房
子里仍塞满物品。故选C。
【42 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场
的东西。A. conventional 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. complicated 复杂的；D. tolerable 可容忍的。
根据上文“while not particularly”以及下文“didn’t belong in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃
的物品。故选B。
【43 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用；B.
photos 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. models 模型。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase”及“additional”可推
知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。
【44 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0 美元）并重新发布了它。A.
move 搬家；B. pay 支付；C. market 市场；D. work 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew near”可推
知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。
【45 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告；B. request 请
求；C. description 描述；D. reply 回复。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online”以及下文
“I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。
【46 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A. Confused 困惑的；B. Interested 感兴趣的；C.
Disappointed 失望的；D. Encouraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house and
left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。
【47 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵的光
芒。A. visits 拜访；B. reports 报告；C. advice 建议；D. money 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a woman
raced into my house”以及“My daily posts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。
【48 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可
能不会遇到的人。A. remove 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语境以
及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare 引申为“免
去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。
【49 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可
能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recognized 认出；C. encountered 遇见；D. recommended 推
荐。根据上文“another person I might not otherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到
高兴。故选C。
【50 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways 赠
品；B. posts 帖子；C. contributions 贡献；D. belongings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I sit in my
apartment today”以及下文“share our small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。
【51 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我
感到很快乐。A. joy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“loving
each of the 13 that share our small space.”以及下文“in knowing that, somewhere nearby”可推知，
此处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。
【52 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我
感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根据
上文“I take 13 in knowing that, somewhere nearby”以及下文“something that couldn’t come with
us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。
2.（2024 年新高考I 卷完形填空）
I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started
running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a
“super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be
honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging,
I decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew
to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. The
____50____: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never
faced such ____51____. That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.
When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just
have to be my own.
41. A. knew
B. held
C. won
D. quit
42. A. regularly
B. silently
C. proudly
D. recently
43. A. asking
B. looking
C. waiting
D. training
44. A. made
B. believed
C. hated
D. deserved
45. A. advantage
B. achievement
C. contribution
D. influence
46. A. way
B. risk
C. place
D. reason
47. A. gave up
B. went on
C. turned to
D. dealt with
48. A. heard
B. dreamed
C. complained
D. approved
49. A. painted
B. borrowed
C. bought
D. parked
50. A. problem
B. secret
C. principle
D. advice
51. A. dangers
B. events
C. opponents
D. challenges
52. A. passed
B. convinced
C. admired
D. stopped
53. A. reliable
B. convenient
C. familiar
D. appealing
54. A. traveled
B. matured
C. missed
D. worried
55. A. limits
B. dates
C. goals
D. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D
54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经
历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
【41 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew 知道；B. held 抓
住；C. won 赢得；D. quit 退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻
居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C 项。
【42 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly 有规律地；B.
silently 默默地；C. proudly 自豪地；D. recently 最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动
力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A 项。
【43 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的
是52.4 英里的双马拉松。A. asking 要求；B. looking 看；C. waiting 等待；D. training 训练。根据后文
“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。
故选D 项。
【44 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made 制作；B. believed 相信；C. hated 讨厌；D. deserved
值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making
my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles 和女孩一比微
不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C 项。
【45 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑
步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage 优势；B. achievement 成就；C. contribution 贡献；D.
influence 影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可
知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles 做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B 项。
【46 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑
步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way 方式；B. risk 风险；C. place 地方；D. reason 理由。根据后文
“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，
这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D 项。
【47 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up 放弃；B. went on 继续；C. turned to 转向；D.
dealt with 处理。根据前文“I decided that the only 6 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after
me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C 项。
【48 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard 听到；
B. dreamed 梦想；C. complained 抱怨；D. approved 批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可
知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B 项。
【49 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted 把……描绘成；B.
borrowed 借；C. bought 买；D. parked 停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文
“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B 项。
【50 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem
问题；B. secret 秘密；C. principle 原则；D. advice 建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.
I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A
项。
【51 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers 危险；B. events 事件；C. opponents
对手；D. challenges 挑战。根据前文“The 10 : The roads there went through large valleys
where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选
D 项。
【52 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100 个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A.
passed 超过；B. convinced 说服；C. admired 欣赏；D. stopped 阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such
11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A 项。
【53 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable 可信赖的；B.
convenient 方便的；C. familiar 熟悉的；D. appealing 吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got
12
by
about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100 多人超过，所以此时是觉得
骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D 项。
【54 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled 旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C.
missed 思念；D. worried 担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever
15
I set for myself, they
just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B 项。
【55 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我
自己的。A. limits 限制；B. dates 日期；C. goals 目标；D. tests 测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just
have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。
故选C 项。
