第04 讲 完形填空高频障碍词+高频短语
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警.................................................................................................................................................2
02
体系构建·思维可视
3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚.................................................................................................................................................3
考点一 完形填空高频障碍单词.........................................................................................................................3
知识点1 名词........................................................................................................................................................4
知识点2 动词........................................................................................................................................................4
知识点3 形容词....................................................................................................................................................5
知识点4 副词........................................................................................................................................................6
考点二 完形填空高频短语...............................................................................................................................16
知识点1 动词短语............................................................................................................................................16
知识点2 形容词短语........................................................................................................................................23
04 真题溯源 考向感知.............................................................................................................................................26
考情分析
从近三年高考试题来看，完形填空考查以语篇内容理解为主，注重对文章语境的理解和把握。从
表面看考学生的词汇知识，实际上是以文章为裁体，全面考察学生对文章的总体把握和全面理解，同
时还考察学生的逻辑分析，推理等思维能力。选项以考查实词为主，如名词、动词、形容词等；虚词
为辅，如介词、连词等。
完形填空体裁以记叙文为主，说明文和夹叙夹议文为辅。体现正确的人生观、价值观，传递正能
量。
【
2025
新高考
I 卷
完形填空动词示例】
painting over 粉刷覆盖；looking around 环顾四周；emptying
out 清空；pulling down 拆除。store 储存；display 展示； sell 出售； repair 修理。
【
2025
新高考
I 卷
完形填空名词示例】
fees 费用； photos 照片；receipts 收据； models 模型。
move 搬家；pay 支付；market 市场；work 工作。
【
2025
新高考
I 卷
完形填空形容词示例】
covered 覆盖的；decorated 装饰的； stuffed 塞满的；
equipped 配备的。conventional 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的； complicated 复杂的；tolerable 可容
忍的。
【
2024
新高考
I 卷
完形填空动词示例】
knew 知道； held 抓住；won 赢得； quit 退出
【
202
4 新高考
I 卷
完形填空副词示例】
regularly 有规律地； silently 默默地； proudly 自豪地；
recently 最近。
复习目标：
1. 按照词性规律背诵高频完形填空词汇和短语
。
2. 牢记考纲词汇，同时关注语境中的词类活用
。
3. 分体裁进行完形填空训练，在解题策略中熟练掌握词汇活用
。
考点一 完形填空高频障碍词
知识点1 高频名词
1. agenda /ə'dʒendə/ n．议事日程；议程表
2. absorption /əb'zɔːpʃn/ n．吸收；并入；专心致志
3. barrier /'bæriə/ n．障碍；隔阂
4. concept /'kɒnsept/ n．概念
5. coauthor /kəʊ'ɔːθə/ n．合著者
6. complainer /kəm'pleInə/ n．抱怨者
7. constant /kən'stənt/ n．常数，常量 adj.持续不断的
8. blessing /'blesI/ n．祝福
9. brand /brænd/ n．品牌；烙印
10. budget /'bʌdʒIt/ n．预算
11. coincidence /kəʊ'InsId(ə)ns/ n．巧合
12. deposit /dI'pɒzIt/ n．存款；押金；订金
13. digestion /daI'dʒestʃən/ n．消化；领悟
14. feedback /'fiːdbæk/ n．反馈
15. guardian /'ɡɑːdiən/ n．保护人；监护人
16. greenery /'ɡriːnəri/ n．绿色植物
17. globalization /ˌɡləʊbəlaI'zeIʃən/ n．全球化
18. nervousness /'nɜːvəsnəs/ n．紧张
19. presentation /ˌprez(ə)n'teIʃ(ə)n/ n 出示；颁发
20. principle /'prInsəp(ə)l/ n．原则；信条
21. restriction /rI'strIkʃ(ə)n/ n．限制；限定
22. procedure /prə'siːdʒə/ n．程序；手续；步骤
23. sympathy /'sImpəθi/ n．同情
24. workout /'wɜːkaʊt/ n．锻炼
25. perspective /pə'spektIv/ n．视角；观点；态度
26. promotion /prə'məʊʃn/ n．促销；晋升；推广
27. pack /pæk/ n．一群(动物或猎狗)
知识点2 高频动词
1. acknowledge /ək'nɒlIdʒ/ vt.承认；致谢
2. adore /ə'dɔː/ vt.热爱；爱慕
3. consume /kən'sjuːm/ vt.消耗；耗费；吃；喝
4. draft /drɑːft/ vt.起草；草拟
5. envelop /In'veləp/ vt.包住；裹住；覆盖；笼罩
6. negotiate /nI'ɡəʊʃieIt/ v．协商
7. foster /'fɒstə/ vt.培养
8. tease /tiːz/ vt.& vi.取笑
9. prohibit /prə'hIbIt/ vt.禁止
10. multiply /'mʌltIplaI/ vt.& vi.乘；增加
11. insert /In'sɜːt/ vt.& vi.插入
12. shrink /ʃrIŋk/ vi.缩小；收缩
13. withdraw /wIð'drɔː/ vt.撤离
14. extend /Ik'stend/ vt.扩大……的范围；延伸
15. generate /'dʒenəreIt/ vt.产生；创造
16. assume /ə'sjuːm/ v．认为；假设
17. associate /ə'səʊsieIt/ v．联系
18. substitute /'sʌbstItuːt/ vt.代替 n．代替物；代替者
19. reprogram /riː'prəʊɡræm/ v．重新编程
知识点3 高频形容词
1. artificial /ˌɑːtI'fIʃl/ adj.人造的
2. awesome /'ɔːsəm/ adj.令人惊叹的
3. available /ə'veIləbl/ adj.可获得的；可找到的；可购得的；有空的
4. breathtaking /'breθteIkIŋ/ adj.激动人心的
5. blessed /'blesId/ adj.神圣的
6. challenging /'tʃælIndʒIŋ/ adj.富于挑战性的
7. cooperative /kəʊ'ɒpərətIv/ adj.合作的
8. confused /kən'fjuːzd/ adj.困惑的
9. decent adj 正派的；得体的
10. delicate /'delIkət/ adj.精美的；易碎的
11. eyecatching /'aIkætʃIŋ/ adj.引人注目的
12. eyecatching /'aIkætʃIŋ/ adj.引人注目的
13. incurable /In'kjʊərəbl/ adj.不能治愈的
14. infrequent /In'friːkwənt/ adj.很少发生的
15. moral /'mɒrəl/ adj.道德的；道义上的
16. motivational /ˌməʊtI'veIʃənl/ adj.鼓舞人心的
17. neighboring /'neIbərIŋ/ adj.附近的
18. heartbreaking /'hɑːtˌbreIkIŋ/ adj.令人心碎的
19. headspinning /hed'spInIŋ/ adj.头晕的
20. punctual /'pʌŋktʃʊəl/ adj.守时的
21. packed /pækt/ adj.挤满的
22. reflective /rI'flektIv/ adj.反射的
23. skeptical /'skeptIkəl/ adj.怀疑的
24. talkative /'tɔːkətIv/ adj.健谈的
25. thorough /'θʌrə/ adj.彻底的
26. thrilled /θrIld/ adj.兴奋的
27. unimaginable /ˌʌnI'mædʒInəbl/ adj.难以置信的
28. unnatural /ʌn'nætʃrəl/ adj.不自然的
29. vague /veIɡ/ adj.模糊的
30. worthless /'wɜːθləs/ adj.无价值的；没用的
31. ambiguous /æm'bIɡjʊəs/ adj.模棱两可的；含糊的
知识点4 高频副词
时间副词
1. afterwards 后来
2. already 已经
3. beforehand 事先
4. currently 目前
5. eventually 最终
6. finally 最后
7. immediately 立即
8. initially 最初
9. instantly 即刻
10. lately 最近
11. meanwhile 与此同时
12. nowadays 现今
13. occasionally 偶尔
14. originally 最初
15. permanently 永久地
16. presently 目前
17. previously 先前
18. rarely 很少
19. recently 最近
20. shortly 不久
21. simultaneously 同时
22. subsequently 随后
23. temporarily 暂时
24. ultimately 最终
25. yearly 每年
程度副词（How much?）
26. absolutely 绝对地
27. almost 几乎
28. altogether 完全
29. barely 仅仅
30. completely 完全
31. deeply 深深地
32. enough 足够
33. entirely 完全
34. extremely 极其
35. fairly 相当
36. fully 完全
37. greatly 极大地
38. hardly 几乎不
39. highly 高度地
40. incredibly 难以置信地
41. largely 主要地
42. mostly 大多
43. nearly 几乎
44. partially 部分地
45. perfectly 完美地
46. practically 实际上
47. pretty 相当
48. quite 相当
49. rather 相当
50. slightly 稍微
51. somewhat 有点
52. strongly 强烈地
53. terribly 非常
54. thoroughly 彻底地
55. totally 完全
方式副词
56. accurately 准确地
57. actively 积极地
58. angrily 愤怒地
59. anxiously 焦虑地
60. awkwardly 笨拙地
61. badly 糟糕地
62. boldly 大胆地
63. bravely 勇敢地
64. brightly 明亮地
65. calmly 冷静地
66. carefully 小心地
67. casually 随意地
68. cheerfully 快乐地
69. clearly 清楚地
70. closely 紧密地
71. confidently 自信地
72. consciously 有意识地
73. constantly 不断地
74. correctly 正确地
75. courageously 勇敢地
76. curiously 好奇地
77. deliberately 故意地
78. diligently 勤奋地
79. eagerly 渴望地
80. easily 容易地
81. efficiently 高效地
82. enthusiastically 热情地
83. equally 平等地
84. especially 尤其
85. exactly 精确地
86. fiercely 猛烈地
87. fluently 流利地
88. formally 正式地
89. frankly 坦率地
90. freely 自由地
91. frequently 频繁地
92. gently 温柔地
93. gracefully 优雅地
94. gratefully 感激地
95. happily 快乐地
96. harshly 严厉地
97. honestly 诚实地
98. hopefully 有希望地
99. hurriedly 匆忙地
100. independently 独立地
频率副词（How often?）
101. always 总是
102. annually 每年
103. commonly 通常
104. constantly 不断地
105. daily 每天
106. frequently 频繁地
107. generally 通常
108. hardly ever 几乎不
109. hourly 每小时
110. infrequently 不经常
111. monthly 每月
112. never 从不
113. normally 通常
114. occasionally 偶尔
115. often 经常
116. periodically 定期地
117. rarely 很少
118. regularly 定期地
119. repeatedly 反复地
120. seldom 很少
121. sometimes 有时
122. typically 通常
123. usually 通常
124. weekly 每周
125. yearly 每年
地点/方向副词（Where?）
126. abroad 在国外
127. ahead 在前面
128. anywhere 任何地方
129. away 离开
130. back 向后
131. backwards 向后
132. downstairs 楼下
133. downwards 向下
134. eastwards 向东
135. elsewhere 别处
136. everywhere 到处
137. here 这里
138. indoors 室内
139. nearby 附近
140. nowhere 无处
141. outdoors 户外
142. overseas 海外
143. somewhere 某处
144. there 那里
145. underground 地下
146. upstairs 楼上
147. upwards 向上
148. westwards 向西
逻辑连接副词（Transition Words）
149. accordingly 因此
150. additionally 此外
151. alternatively 或者
152. anyway 无论如何
153. besides 此外
154. consequently 因此
155. conversely 相反
156. else 否则
157. furthermore 此外
158. hence 因此
159. however 然而
160. indeed 确实
161. instead 反而
162. likewise 同样
163. moreover 此外
164. namely 即
165. nevertheless 然而
166. nonetheless 尽管如此
167. otherwise 否则
168. similarly 类似地
169. subsequently 随后
170. therefore 因此
171. thus 因此
172. ultimately 最终
强调/语气副词（Emphasis）
173. actually 实际上
174. certainly 当然
175. clearly 显然
176. definitely 肯定地
177. essentially 本质上
178. evidently 显然
179. obviously 明显地
180. particularly 尤其
181. positively 肯定地
182. precisely 精确地
183. primarily 主要地
184. probably 可能
185. really 真正地
186. seriously 严肃地
187. significantly 显著地
188. surely 必定
189. truly 真实地
190. undoubtedly 无疑
否定/限制副词（Negation/Limitation）
191. barely 几乎不
192. hardly 几乎不
193. merely 仅仅
194. neither 也不
195. never 从不
196. no 不
197. not 不
198. nowhere 无处
199. scarcely 几乎不
200. seldom 很少
考向 考查名词
例1 （2025 年辽宁省东北育才学校高三试题）This is a heartwarming story about the power of ,
unlocked by an unexpected connection.
A．war
B．kindness
C．disease
D．technology
例2 Though his body was weak, Michael had an extraordinary : car keys and key fobs (钥匙链) .To
him, they weren’t just metal objects—they were tiny treasures.
A．problem
B．treatment
C．fear
D．passion
【变式训练1·变考法】（重庆市巴蜀中学校2025 年高三试卷）My daughter Erika put them up so that when I
came out of the , I would know who I was and that I was in loving arms.
A．shower
B．fog
C．hospital
D．bed
【变式训练2·变情景】（2025 年重庆市名校联盟期中）Wrapping paper flew everywhere as Cali opened her
gift box from Aunt Lisa. Inside lay a pair of sparkling figure skates, which filled her with both joy and .
“Figure skates? Wow! How nice of you! But,” the little girl hesitated, “… but I don’t know how to skate.” She
looked embarrassed.
A．worry
B．disappointment
C．desperation
D．frustration
考向 考查动词
例1 （2025 年辽宁省东北育才学校高三试题）To him, they weren’t just metal objects—they were tiny
treasures. He would spend hours holding them in his lap, clicking the buttons, and even Jesus driving a
red Silverado through the clouds.
A．praying
B．blessing
C．imagining
D．asking
例2 I never dreamed a drunk driver would hit me so hard that it tore my motorcycle in half, sending pieces of it
425 feet down the road. What I 1 was a loud noise, flying through the air, the sound of the sirens (警笛),
someone trying to
2
me to a body board, intense pain and then thankfully
, nothing.
1．A．forget
B．remember
C．dream
D．feel
2．A．fit
B．send
C．introduce
D．check
【变式训练1·变情景】Now, I have several female engineers working in my team. As the head, I get a thrill from
1 people in roles and on projects according to their abilities and seeing them achieve great results. Helping a
person
2
by focusing on her strengths gives me a huge amount of satisfaction.
1．A．placing
B．inspiring
C．concerning
D．updating
2．A．explore
B．develop
C．compete
D．qualify
【变式训练2·变情景】 I had doctors, nurses and family who were all doing what they could to .
A．help
B．survive
C．stay
D．connect
考向 考查形容词
例1 （重庆市巴蜀中学校2025 年高三试卷）I will never forget what she said.
“Dad, I want you to reach inside to the old man that we know and give me eight weeks”.
A．tough
B．generous
C．critical
D．curious
例2 Cheryl and Ernie Johnson lived a life, filled with love and purpose — thanks in part to a decision
they made in 1991.
A．difficult
B．ordinary
C．blessed
D．wealthy
【变式训练1·变情景】(2026 届江苏省如皋中学高三试题)In a sport renowned for its champions,
Chusovitina has become a global fan favorite thanks to her persistence.
A．competitive
B．strong
C．global
D．youthful
【变式训练2】The flight was , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she flew
with Karen
and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days.
A．unnecessary
B．unexpected
C．unavoidable
D．uneventful
考向 考查副词
例1 We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 57 , a fisherman
pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were safe.
57．A．patiently
B．tirelessly
C．doubtfully
D．helplessly
例2 `(2025 届山东省实验中学高三模拟试题）Then drew near my fourth weekend fulfilling school community
hours when I encountered Mrs. Bandona. The public library’s storage room, where I’d been shelving
books like a wind-up toy, gradually transformed into a choking cage.
A．intentionally
B．mechanically
C．systematically
D．randomly
【变式训练1·变情景】 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.
Sitting on a branch, he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly,
Ziyad let out a sharp cry.
A．finally
B．Surprisingly
C．Naturally
D．Immediately
考点二 完形填空高频短语
知识点1 动词短语
第一组 字母a、字母b、字母c、字母d、字母f 、字母h 开头高频短语
1. accuse...of 指控......
2. apply for 申请；
3. apply to 适用于
4. account for 说明(原因等)
5. add up to 合计，总计
6. aim at 瞄准，针对
7. allow for 考虑到
8. appeal to 呼吁，要求
9. arrive at 达成，得出
10. ask for 请求，要求
11. attach to 附属于，隶属于
12. begin with 从开始
13. break into 闯入
14. break off 断绝，结束
15. break through 突破
16. break away from 脱离，逃离
17. break down 损坏，分解，瓦解
18. break in 闯进；打断
19. break out 爆发，发生
20. bring about 带来，造成
21. bring forward 提出
22. bring out 使出现；公布；出版
23. bring up 教育，培养，使成长
24. bring forward 提出；提前
25. build up 积累；堵塞；树立，逐步建立；增
进；锻炼
26. burn out 烧掉
27. burn up 烧起来，旺起来；烧完
28. call for 邀请；要求；需求
29. call forth 唤起，引起；振作起，鼓起
30. call off 放弃，取消
31. call on/upon 访问某人，拜访；号召/呼吁
32. call up 召集，动员；打电话
33. call off 取消
34. care about 关心；在乎
35. care for 照顾；非常喜欢
36. carry on (with)继续做，坚持
37. carry out 履行；实行，执行
38. check in 办理登记手续
39. check out 结账后离开；检验，核查
40. check up (on) 校对，检查，检验
41. clear away 扫除，收拾
42. clear up 收拾；澄清；放晴
43. cross out 删去，取消
44. cut back 削减，减少
45. cut down 削减，降低
46. cut in (汽车)抢道；插嘴，打断
47. cut off 切断；删去；停止 使隔绝
48. cut out 删除
49. cut across 走捷径，抄近路
50. cut up 切碎，割碎
51. come across 偶然发现
52. come into being 出现，形成
53. come into power 开始执政，当权，当选
54. come on 赶快
55. come off 实现，成功，奏效
56. come out 出版；出现，显露；结果是
57. come up 走近，上来；发生，被提出
58. come to 苏醒；共计；达到
59. come true 实现，成为现实；证实
60. count on 依靠；期待，指望
61. deal with 处理，对付，安排
62. depend on 取决于；依赖；
63. devote...to 奉献；致力于；
64. do without 没有……也行
65. die down 渐渐消失，平息
66. die out 消失，灭绝
67. draw in (火车、汽车)到站
68. draw up 写上，画上；草拟；停住
69. dress up 穿上盛装，打扮得很漂亮
70. drop by/in 顺便来访
71. dry out 干透，使干
72. dry up 干涸，枯竭
73. drop off 减弱，减少
74. drop out 退出，离队
75. fill in/out 填充，填写
76. fall behind 落后
77. fall through 落空，失败
78. find out 查明
79. hand down 流传下来，传给，往下传
80. hand in 交上，递交
81. hand on 传下来，依次传递
82. hand out 分发，散发，发给
83. hand over 交出，移交，让与
84. hang about 闲荡，徘徊，逗留
85. hang back 犹豫，踌躇，畏缩
86. hang on 抓紧不放；继续下去
87. hang up 挂断(电话)
88. have back 要回，收回
89. have on 穿着，戴着
90. hold back 踌躇，退缩；阻止，抑制
91. hold on 继续，握住不放
92. hold out 维持，支持；坚持，不屈服
93. hold up 举起，阻挡，使停止；抢劫
94. hurry up (使)赶快，迅速完成
第二组 字母g、字母h、字母k、字母l 开头高频短语
95. get across(使)被理解；讲清楚
96. get along with 与……相处
97. get down to 认真对待，静下心来
98. get over 越过；恢复，痊愈；克服；完成
99. get through 到达；完成；通过；及格
100. get into 进入，陷入
101. give away 赠送；泄露；颁发
102. give back 归还
103. give in 屈服，让步，投降
104. give off 发出(烟、气味等)
105. give up 放弃；停止
106. give way to 让步，退却；屈服于
107. go ahead 前进；开始做(with)；请吧
108. go in for 对……有兴趣；爱好；参加考试(或
竞赛)
109. go through 通过；经历，经受；仔细检查；反
复研究
110. go by 逝去；过去
111. go after 追求
112. go into 进入；研究，调查
113. go for 竭力想取得；喜爱；支持，拥护
114. go over 检查，审查；复习，重温
115. go up 上升，增加；建起
116. go out 外出；熄灭
117. go through 经历，经受；详细检查
118. go under 下沉，沉没；失败；破产
119. go with 伴随，与……协调
120. go without 没有……也行
121. hold back 阻挡；抑制(感情等)
122. hold on 抓着……不放；坚持；别挂断
123. hold up 举起；坚持住；延迟；阻碍
124. keep to 保持，坚持
125. keep back 阻止，阻挡；隐瞒，保留
126. keep off 不接近，避开
127. keep up 保持，维持；继续，坚持
128. leave behind 把……抛在后面
129. leave out 遗漏；忽略
130. leave sb alone 让某人独处
131. look about 四下环顾；查看
132. look after 照顾，看管
133. look back 回顾
134. look down on/upon 俯视；轻视
135. look forward to 盼望，期待
136. look into 窥视；调查；浏览
137. look out 向外看；注意；当心，提防
138. look through 透过…看去；看穿；浏览
139. look up to 仰望，尊敬
140. lie in 在于
141. live up to 不辜负
142. live on/by 靠……生活，以……为食
143. live through 度过，经受过
144. let down 放下，降低；使失望
145. let in 让……进入，放……进来
146. let out 放掉，放出，发出
147. line up 排队，使排成一行
第三组 字母m、字母p、字母r、字母s 开头高频短语
148. make the best of 充分利用
149. make up 组成，构成；编造；化妆
150. make for...朝……走去
151. make out 理解；辨别出
152. pay back 偿还，回报
153. pay off 还清(债)
154. persist in 坚持，持续
155. prevent from 预防，防止
156. pick out 挑选出
157. pick up 捡起；拿起；开车接人；(偶然)学会；
接收到；恢复(健康等)；(经济状况等)好转；以便
宜的价格买到；加速度；
158. put aside 把…放一边；搁置；暂不考虑
159. put away 把…放好，把…收起来；储藏
160. put back 把……放回原处；驳回
161. put down 放下；镇压；记下；削减；
162. put forward 提出；拨快；提倡，倡议
163. put off 推迟，延期
164. put on 上演；穿上
165. put up with 忍受，容忍
166. put one’s heart into 全神贯注，专心致志
167. put on 穿上，戴上；上演；增加(体重)
168. put out 熄灭；出版，发布；生产；
169. put up 举起，挂起；提供食宿；张贴
170. pull down 拆毁，拉倒；拉下，降低
171. pull in (车)停下，进站，船(到岸)
172. pull off 脱(帽、衣)
173. pull on 穿，戴
174. pull out 拔出，抽出；(车、船)驶出
175. pull together 齐心协力
176. pull up (使)停下 ring off 挂断电话
177. rub out 擦掉，拭去
178. run down 撞倒，撞沉；追捕，追查
179. run off 复印，打印
180. run over 略读，略述，浏览，匆匆复习
181. show sb around sp 带领某人参观某地
182. show off 炫耀
183. show up 出席，到场
184. see to 注意，负责，照料，修理
185. see off 给……送行
186. send for 派人去请，召唤；索取
187. send in 呈报，递交，送来
188. serve as 作为，用作
189. set aside 挑出，拨出，留出；拒绝
190. set up 建立；创立；设立；安装；
191. set back 推迟，延缓，阻碍
192. set down 卸下，放下，记下，记入
193. set off 出发，动身；引起，使发生
194. set out 动身，启程；制定陈列，显示；
195. sit up 迟睡，熬夜
196. speed up 使加速
197. stand for 代替，代表，意味着
198. stand out 突出，显眼
199. stand up 站起来，耐用
200. stand against 反抗，抵抗
201. stand by 支持，帮助；袖手旁观
202. stick to 坚持，忠于，信守
203. stick out 伸出，突出；坚持到底，继续
第四组 字母t、字母u、字母w 开头高频短语
204. take away 拿走，减去；消除；
205. take advantage of 利用
206. take sth into account 考虑到，顾及
207. take sb by surprise 出乎某人意料
208. take one’s place 就座，入座
209. take...for...把……当作……
210. take off 脱去，起飞，(事业)腾飞
211. take part in 参与，参加
212. take it easy 别着急，慢慢来
213. take place(＝happen)发生，举行
214. take the place of 代替
215. take pride in 以……为荣，以……为傲
216. take in 接受，吸收；了解，理解
217. take...as 把……作为
218. take down 记下，写下
219. take on 呈现；接纳，承担，从事
220. take over 接管，接办
221. take up 占据；开始；拿起，接收
222. turn against 背叛
223. turn down 驳回，拒绝考虑
224. turn to 求助于;变成；
225. turn off 关上
226. turn on 打开
227. turn out 证明是；结果是
228. turn over 翻转，翻身；移交；
229. turn into 变成
230. turn down 拧小，调低；拒绝
231. turn in 交出，上缴；
232. turn up 开大；出现；来到；发生
233. think over 仔细考虑
234. throw away 扔掉，抛弃
235. think of...as 把…看做是，以为…是
236. think better of 改变主意，重新考虑
237. throw about 乱丢(东西)，乱花(钱)
238. throw down 推倒
239. throw (a) light on 照亮，阐明
240. use up 用完，花完
241. warm up 变热
242. wear off 逐渐消失
243. wear out 用破；耗尽，使精疲力竭
244. wipe out 擦去，抹去；消灭，毁灭
245. work out 解决，算出；弄懂，制定出
246. work up 引起，激起；逐渐上升
247. work on 从事于，努力做
知识点2 形容词短语
248. be able to (do) 能(做)，会(做)
249. be about to (do) 即将，正要
250. be absent from 缺勤，缺课
251. be abundant in 富于，富有
252. be accustomed to 习惯于
253. be acquainted with 与……相识，熟悉
254. be active in 积极于
255. be afraid of 恐怕，害怕，担忧
256. be alive to 发觉，感觉，对……敏感
257. be angry at 因某事生气
258. be angry with 对……发怒
259. be anxious about 担心，为……担忧
260. be anxious for 急切盼望，渴望
261. be anxious to (do) 渴望(做)
262. be ashamed of 为……感到害臊
263. be aware of 意识到
264. be bad at 拙于，不善于
265. be badly off 生活穷困
266. be based on 根据，以……为基础
267. be bent on 热恋于，一心想
268. be beside oneself 忘乎所以
269. be better off 处境较好，情况好转
270. be born in 出生于……
271. be born of 出生于……(家庭)
272. be bound to (do) 一定会，不得不
273. be buried in 沉思，陷入，专心于
274. be burned out 住所被烧光
275. be busy (doing) 忙着(做某事)
276. be busy with 忙于……
277. be busy about 忙于……
278. be careful of 爱惜，注意
279. be careful to (do) 务必注意(做)
280. be certain to (do) 一定(做)，必然(做)
281. be capable of 能够
282. be confident in 对……有信心
283. be characterized by 以……为特征
284. be clever at 擅长于
285. be combined with 与……结合
286. be composed of 由……组成
287. be concerned about 关心，挂念
288. be connected with 与……有关
289. be coupled with 与……配合
290. be covered with 被……覆盖
291. be crowded with 挤满，拥塞
292. be curious to (do) 很想(做)
293. be dependent on/upon 取决于，依赖
294. be derived from 由……得到
295. be determined to (do) 决心(做)
296. be different from 与……不同
297. be divided by 被……除以
298. be divided into 被分成
299. be eager for 渴望
300. be eager to (do) 急于要(做)
301. be engaged in 忙于，从事于
302. be equal to 等于
303. be famous for 以……著名
304. be fed up 因多而厌烦
305. be filled with 充满
306. be fit for 适合，胜任
307. be fond of 喜欢，爱好
308. be free from 没有…的，不受…影响的
309. be friendly to 对……友好
310. be frightened at 受……惊吓
311. be glad to (do) 乐于(做)，对…感到高兴
312. be good at (doing) 善于，擅长
313. be good for 适于，在……期间有效
314. be grateful to 感谢，感激
315. be identified as 被认为是
316. be independent of 独立，与……无关
317. be indispensable for 对……必不可少的
318. be interested in 对……感兴趣
319. be involved in 包括……中，被卷入
320. be involved with 涉及
321. be kind enough to (do) 承…好意，恳请
322. be known as 被称作……，以……著称
323. be known to 为……所熟知
324. be late for 迟到
325. be likely to (do) 可能要，像是要
326. be mad about 迷恋
327. be made from 由……制成(化学变化)
328. be made of 由……制成(物理变化)
329. be made up of 由……组成
330. be mixed up 混杂，混在一起
331. be obliged to (do) 被迫(做某事)
332. be obliged to...for...因……而感激
333. be well off 生活富裕
334. be pleased to (do) 乐于
335. be pleased with 对……感到满意
336. be popular with 得人心的，受…欢迎的
337. be possessed of 具有，拥有
338. be prepared for 做…打算；做好准备
339. be present at 出席
340. be proud of 以…自豪，因…感到满意
341. be provided with 装备有
342. be ready to (do) 装备好(做)；乐意(做)
343. be ready for 为……准备好
344. be regarded as 被认为是，被当做是
345. be rich in 富于
346. be rid of 除去，摆脱
347. get rid of 摆脱，除掉
348. be satisfied with 对……满意，满足于
349. be second to 次于
350. be short for 是……的缩写(简称)
351. be short of 短缺
352. be sick for 渴望
353. be sick in bed 病在床上
354. be sick of 对……感到厌倦
355. be sorry for 对……感到抱歉
356. be strict with 对……要求严格
357. be suited to 适合于
358. be supposed to (do) 应该，非……不可
359. be sure of 坚信，确信
360. be sure to (do) 一定，必定
361. be surprised at 对……感到惊奇
362. be taken aback 吃惊
363. be taken by surprise 被突袭
364. be terrified at 被……吓一跳
365. be lost in thought 沉思
366. be through with 结束
367. be tired from 因……而疲乏
368. be tired of 厌烦；对……厌倦
369. be tired out 疲倦极了
370. be true of 适用于
371. be unconscious of 不知道……
372. be unequal to 无法胜任……的
373. be unfit for 不适合，不胜任
374. be united as one 团结一致
375. be used as 被……用作
376. be used to 习惯于
377. get used to 习惯于
378. be useful to 对……有用
379. be well up in 精通，熟悉
380. be wild with joy 欣喜若狂
381. be willing to (do) 乐意……
382. be worried about 为……而担心
383. be worse off 处境较坏，情况恶化
384. be worth (doing) 值得(做)
385. be wrong with 有点毛病，有些不舒服
知识点3 其它短语
386. above all 首先，毕竟
387. after all 终于，毕竟；虽然这样
388. at all 完全，根本； not at all 一点也不
389. all but 几乎，差一点
390. all over 遍及，到处
391. in all 总共，总计
392. all out 全力以赴，竭尽全力
393. along with 与……一起
394. anything but 除…以外任何事，根本不
395. as...as 像……一样
396. as for 至于，就……方面说
397. as if 好像，仿佛
398. as though 好像，仿佛
399. as to 至于，关于
400. as well 也，又
401. as well as (除……之外)也，既……又
402. as/so far as 远至，到……程度
403. as...as...像....一样；（not as/so...as 不如…那样
）
404. at last 最终，终于
405. at least 至少，最低程度
406. a little 一点；一些，少许
407. as/so long as 只要，如果
408. at (the) most 最多，至少，不超过
409. and so on 等等
410. abide by 坚持；遵守
411. at stake 在危险中，利害攸关
412. all at once 突然；同时，一起
413. at once 立刻，马上
414. a great/good many of 许多，大量
415. back and forth 往返，来来往往地
416. back of 在……后部，在……背部
417. because of 由于，因为
418. by far ……得多，最
419. but for 除……以外，倘没有，除非
420. both...and 既……又……，两个都
421. by oneself 独自地，单独地
422. by comparison 比较起来
423. correspondence with 通信
424. congratulations on 祝贺
425. derive from 导出，由……来
426. dispose of 处理，处置
427. dissatisfaction with/at 不满，不平
428. exposure to 受到
429. each other 互相
430. either...or 或… … 或，不是… … 就是；无
论……还是
431. even if/though 即使，虽然
432. even then 即使那样，连，都
433. except for 除……之外
434. every now and then 有时，时时，偶尔
435. every other 每隔一个地
436. ever since 从那时起，自那时以来
437. far from 远非，远离
438. first of all 首先，第一
439. had better 最好还是，应该
440. if only 要是……就好了
441. in itself 本身
442. in sequence 依次，逐一
443. in accordance with 与……一致
444. in excess of 超过
445. leave alone 听其自然，更不用说
446. longing for 渴望
447. little by little 逐渐地
448. many a 许多的
449. more and more 越来越
450. more or less 或多或少
451. make the most of 充分利用
452. no less than 决不少于，不亚(次)于
453. no more than 不过，仅仅；和…一样不
454. no longer 不再，已不
455. neither...nor 既不……也不
456. now and then 时而，不时
457. now that 既然，由于
458. off and on 断断续续，不时地
459. once (and) for all 一劳永逸，限此一次
460. once more 再一次，又一次
461. other than 不同于
462. over and over (again) 一再，再三
463. one after another 一个接一个
464. one another 互相
465. or else 否则，要不然
466. or so 大约，左右
467. objection to 反对，异议
468. on behalf of 代表……，为了……
469. on schedule 按预定时间
470. on sight 一见就……，立即
471. participate in 参与，参加；分享
472. preside at/over 主持
473. prevail over/against 占优势；流行，盛行
474. preference for to 偏爱，喜爱；优先选择
475. proficiency in 熟练，精通
476. quite a little 相当多，不少
477. queue up 排队，排队等待
478. requirement for 需要，需要的东西，
479. restrain from 抑制，制止
480. sacrifice for/to 牺牲，献出，献祭
481. specialize in 专攻，专门研究，专业化
482. so...as to 结果是；如此……以至于
483. so far 迄今为止
484. so that 以便，为的是；结果是
485. so...that 如此……以至于
486. such as 像……那样的；诸如，例如
487. such...that 那样的……以致
488. that is (=i. e.) 就是说，即
489. thirst for 渴望，热望
490. to and fro 来来回回
491. up to 起来，从事于，忙于；直至
492. what about (对于)……怎么样
493. what if 如果……将会怎样，即使……又有什
么要紧
494. whether...or 是……还是，不管……还是
考向 考查短语..
例1 `(2025 届山东省实验中学高三模拟试题）Now, passing used bookstores, I see a potential world. And
when messages come through, is my usual practice.
tuning out
B．giving away
C．missing out
D．saving up
例2 (2026 届江苏省如皋中学高三试题)Born in Uzbek capital Tashkent in 1976, Chusovitina _________
gymnastics at age 7. She made her first Olympic appearance at the 1992 Barcelona Games.
2．A．put up
B．made up
C．took up
D．set up
【变式训练1·变情景】It was the greatest 1 of my daughter’s life. With all she had _ 2_
in her ten
years, this was the hour of a true triumph (胜利).
1．A．looked into
B．died of
C．suffered from
D．got over
2．A．gone across
B．gone under
C．gone through
D．gone about
【变式训练2】The competition not only awarded prizes but also proved that young innovators can turn hobbies
into tool for social good. As Amritha’s work demonstrates, scientific curiosity compassion (同理心) can
truly make a difference.
A．compared to
B．resulted in
C．paired with
D．absorbed in
1.（2025 年新高考I 卷）One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen
daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy ___38___ the beloved home our family had
spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the ___39___ we were moving to in town, donated
what we could, and rented a place to ___40___ our supposedly important objects. That left a house still ___41___
with things that, while not particularly ___42___, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋
场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional
___43___, another asking for a price cut. As our ___44___ day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and
reposted it. The ___45___: “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and
left happily with the vase.
___46___, I posted more. My daily posts and the ___47___ I received became a precious ray of light in the
chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to ___48___ the landfill and to please another person I
might not otherwise have ___49___.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the ___50___ that share our small space. I take ___51___ in
knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is ___52___ something that couldn’t come with us.
38. A. painting over
B. looking around
C. emptying out
D. pulling down
39. A. hotel
B. office
C. cottage
D. apartment
40. A. store
B. display
C. sell
D. repair
41. A. covered
B. decorated
C. stuffed
D. equipped
42. A. conventional
B. valuable
C. complicated
D. tolerable
43. A. fees
B. photos
C. receipts
D. models
44. A. move
B. pay
C. market
D. work
45 A. warning
B. request
C. description
D. reply
46. A. Confused
B. Interested
C. Disappointed
D. Encouraged
47. A. visits
B. reports
C. advice
D. money
48. A. remove
B. spare
C. find
D. check
49. A. investigated
B. recognized
C. encountered
D. recommended
50. A. giveaways
B. posts
C. contributions
D. belongings
51. A. joy
B. part
C. care
D. time
52. A. anticipating
B. appreciating
C. delivering
D. withdrawing
2.（2024 年新高考II 卷）When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked
traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried
to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That
encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I
discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to
___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___28___ of kindness that
make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy.
Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to
another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can
____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might
have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
21. A. study
B. rent
C. visit
D. settle
22. A. planned
B. struggled
C. refused
D. happened
23. A. string
B. hang
C. mix
D. match
24. A. improved
B. assessed
C. admired
D. praised
25. A. course
B. barrier
C. area
D. test
26. A. open-minded
B. strong-willed
C. warm-hearted
D. well-informed
27. A. remind
B. allow
C. persuade
D. order
28. A. tricks
B. promises
C. acts
D. duties
29. A. ambition
B. success
C. appetite
D. growth
30. A. costume
B. dish
C. symbol
D. tale
31. A. gather
B. cheer
C. leave
D. wait
32. A. put up with
B. stand up for
C. come up with
D. make up for
33. A. signaled
B. confirmed
C. represented
D. accompanied
34. A. disadvantages
B. meanings
C. surprises
D. opportunities
35. A. created
B. forgotten
C. understood
D. identified
3.（2024 年北京卷）
I’d just arrived at school, ready for another school day. I was reading a book in the classroom when there was
an ___1___. “Today at 1: 10 there will be auditions (面试) for a musical.” My friends all jumped up in excitement
and asked me, “Will you be going, Amy?” “Sure,” I said. I had no ___2___ in drama, but I’d try out because my
friends were doing it.
At 1:10, there was a ___3___ outside the drama room. Everyone looked energetic. I hadn’t expected I’d be
standing there that morning. But now that I was doing it, I ___4___ felt nervous. What if I wasn’t any good?
I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical. They then ___5___ my
singing skills and asked what role I wanted to play. The teachers were smiling and praising me. I felt like I had a
___6___, so I said, “A big role.” They said they’d look into it. I started getting really nervous. What if I didn’t get a
main role?
Soon, the cast list was ___7___. My friends checked and came back shouting, “Amy, you got the main role! ”
Sure enough, my name was at the top. I just stared at it and started to ___8___. I was so happy.
After two months we were all prepared and ready to go on stage. It was fun. And when people started
___9___, that gave me a boost of confidence. It stayed with me and made me feel ___10___. I realised that by
trying something new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.
1. A. assignment
B. initiative
C. announcement
D. interview
2. A. hesitancy
B. interest
C. worry
D. regret
3. A. game
B. show
C. play
D. line
4. A. suddenly
B. continuously
C. originally
D. generally
5. A. advertised
B. tested
C. challenged
D. polished
6. A. demand
B. credit
C. dream
D. chance
7. A. traded
B. posted
C. questioned
D. claimed
8 A. well up
B. roll in
C. stand out
D. go off
9. A. whispering
B. arguing
C. clapping
D. stretching
10. A. funnier
B. fairer
C. cleverer
D. braver
