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专题 01 速记派生词
(字母 a-d)
一 关联背诵
1. absent adj.缺席的; --- n. absence ;
be absent from缺席……
联想:反义词present出席的,到场的;n.礼物;v呈现,赠送present sb with
2. accept v. 接受--- n. 接受acceptance ;
3. access n. 入口,通道;---adj. 可进入的,可接近的accessible ;
4. accident n. 事故---adj. 偶然的/地accidental(ly) ;
5. accuracy n. 精确 --- adj. 精确的accurate ;
6. admire v. 羡慕--- adj. 令人羡慕的admirable (去e变able);
n.钦佩----admiration
7. admit v. 承认, n. 承认,准许(入场,入学)---admission;
8. advise v. 建议 --- n. (不可数)advice
9. age n. 年龄 --- a. 年迈的aged ;
10. agency n. 代理机构;--- n. 代理人agent
11. ambition n. 雄心;--- a. 有雄心的ambitious
12. angry a. 愤怒的--- n. 愤怒anger ;
13. anxious adj.焦虑的 ; ---n. 焦虑 anxiety ;
14. appear v. 出现,看上去---n. 外貌appearance;
15. apply v. 申请;n. 申请人---applicant
n. 申请application;
16. argue v.争论; n. 争论---argument; (易错字,去e)
17. arrive v. 到达 ---n. 到达arrival ;
18. assist v. 援助; --- n. 援助assistance;n. 助手assistant;
19. attract v. 吸引--- n. 吸引 attraction
a. 有吸引力的attractive
20. bake v. 烘烤(面包)--- n. 面包店 bakery;
21. balance n.平衡; ---adj. 平衡的balanced ;
22. beg v. 乞求,乞讨 --- n. 乞丐beggar ;
23. behave v. 表现; ---n. 行为behaviour
24. believe v. 相信; ---n. 信条,信念belief
形近词:宽慰relief ; 贼thief
25. benefit n. 利益,好处---- adj. 有益的 beneficial ;
26. bleed v. 出血,流血---- n. 血液 blood ;
27. brave a. 勇敢的---n. 勇气bravery
28. breath n. 呼吸--- v. 呼吸 breathe
adj. 上气不接下气的 breathless ;
29. careless adj.粗心的,----n. 粗心carelessness;
30. casual adj.随意的,漫不经心的;----adv. 随意地casually ;
31. caution n.谨慎--- adj. 谨慎的 cautious
32. center n. 中心---- a. 中心的 central
33. certain adj.确定的---adv.确定地certainly
adj. 不确定的uncertain ;
对比curtain窗帘
34. cheer n. & v. 欢呼--- adj.高兴的 cheerful ;
35. choice n选择--- v. 选择 choose
过去式chose过去分词-- chosen
36. clear adj. 清楚的--- v. 澄清 clarify
37. combine v. 使联合 ---n. 联合combination
38. companion n. 伙伴(可数名词) ----n. 陪伴(不可数)company
39. compete v. 竞争---n. 竞争competition
competitor n.竞争者--- adj.有竞争力的competitive
40. culture n. 文化---adj. 文化的cultural
对比nature---natural
41. curious a. 好奇的---n. 好奇心curiosity42. danger n. 危险--adj. 危险的dangerous
43. decide v. 断定;决定 ---n. 决定decision
44. deep a. 深的--- n. 深度 depth (注意只剩一个p)
45. defend v. 防守,保卫-- n. 防守,保卫defence (美defense)
46. delight n. 高兴 v. 使高兴 --adj. 感到开心的delighted
adj. 令人开心的delightful
47. difficult a. 困难的--- n. 困难difficulty
48. dirt n. 污垢,泥土 --- adj. 脏的dirty
49. describe v. 描述 --- n. 描述description
50. determine v. 决定--n. 决心determination
二 速记练习
1. absent adj.缺席的; --- n. ____________;
be absent ______缺席……
反义词___________出席的,到场的;n.礼物;v呈现,赠送present sb with
2. accept v. 接受--- n. 接受____________ ;
3. access n. 入口,通道;---adj. 可进入的,可接近的____________ ;
4. accident n. 事故---adj. 偶然的/地____________ ;
5. accuracy n. 精确 --- adj. 精确的____________ ;
6. admire v. 羡慕--- adj. 令人羡慕的____________;
n.钦佩---____________
7. admit v. 承认, n. 承认,准许(入场,入学)---____________;
8. advise v. 建议 --- n. (不可数)___________
9. age n. 年龄 --- a. 年迈的___________ ;
10. agency n. 代理机构;--- n. 代理人___________
11. ambition n. 雄心; ---a. 有雄心的____________
12. angry a. 愤怒的--- n. 愤怒__________ ;
13. anxious adj.焦虑的 ; ---n. 焦虑 ___________ ;
14. appear v. 出现,看上去---n. 外貌___________;
15. apply v. 申请;---n. 申请人---____________;
n. 申请___________;16. argue v.争论; n. 争论---____________;
17. arrive v. 到达 ---n. 到达____________;
18. assist v. 援助; --- n. 援助___________;
n. 助手____________;
19. attract v. 吸引--- n. 吸引 ____________;
a. 有吸引力的___________;
20. bake v. 烘烤(面包)---- n. 面包店 ___________;
21. balance n.平衡; ----adj. 平衡的__________ ;
22. beg v. 乞求,乞讨 --- n. 乞丐__________ ;
23. behave v. 表现; ----n. 行为_________;
24. believe v. 相信; ---n. 信条,信念___________;
25. benefit n. 利益,好处--- adj. 有益的____________ ;
26. bleed v. 出血,流血--- n. 血液 blood ;
27. brave a. 勇敢的---n. 勇气____________;
28. breath n. 呼吸--- v. 呼吸 ____________;
adj. 上气不接下气的 ____________;
29. careless adj.粗心的,---n. 粗心_____________;
30. casual adj.随意的,漫不经心的;---adv. 随意地___________ ;
31. caution n.谨慎--- adj. 谨慎的___________;
32. center n. 中心---- a. 中心的_________;
33. certain adj.确定的---adv.确定地_________;
adj. 不确定的__________ ;
34. cheer n. & v. 欢呼---- adj.___________;
35. choice n选择--- v. 选择 ___________;
过去式___________; 过去分词__________;
36. clear adj. 清楚的--- v. 澄清 __________;
37. combine v. 使联合 ---n. 联合_____________;
38. companion n. 伙伴(可数 ----n. 陪伴(不可数)__________;
39. compete v. 竞争---n. 竞争___________;
competitor n.竞争者--- adj.有竞争力的_____________;
41. culture n. 文化---adj. 文化的___________;
41. curious a. 好奇的---n. 好奇心___________;42. danger n. 危险--adj. 危险的__________;
43. decide v. 断定;决定 ---n. 决定___________;
44. deep a. 深的--- n. 深度___________;
45. defend v. 防守,保卫-- n. 防守,保卫_________;
46. delight n. 高兴 v. 使高兴 ---adj. 感到开心的__________;
adj. 令人开心的__________;
47. difficult a. 困难的--- n. 困难__________;
48. dirt n. 污垢,泥土 --- adj. 脏的__________;
49. describe v. 描述 --- n. 描述__________;
50. determine v. 决定--n. 决心___________;
三 真题演练
1. (2022全国甲卷) On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has
its____________(attract).
2. (2022 新高考全国 II 卷)Scholarships are for Group Play ____________(admit) fees
and/ or transportation.
3. (2020海南卷) I was back teaching after an ____________(absent) of 15 years, dealing
with the various kinds of “forbidden fruit” that come out of book bags.
4. (全国卷I) As the Kennedy Centre’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the
audience for jazz, make the music more ____________(access), and preserve its history
and culture.
5. (湖南卷 I) We should pay tribute to soldiers died in __________(defend) of our
country.
6. ( 北 京 卷 )These animals live between the surface of the ocean and a
____________(deep) of about 3,300 feet.
7. (天津卷)This ____________(combine) of healing myself and healing the world struck
me as the perfect solution.
8. (新高考I卷)Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of
what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been____________(benefit) than harmful.
答案:1. attractions 2. absence 3.admission 4.accessible 5.defence 6.depth
7.combination 8.more beneficial
四 模拟演练
1.He was (apparent) much surprised at the news that the amateur athlete
beat the professional one who ranked top ten.
【答案】apparently
【详解】考查副词。句意:他显然对业余运动员击败排名前十的职业运动员的消息感到非
常惊讶。分析可知,副词修饰much surprised。apparent,形容词,意为“明显的”,其副
词形式为“apparently”,意为“显然地;似乎”。故填apparently。
2.Please accept our apologies for any (convenience) we have caused.
【答案】inconvenience
【详解】考查名词。句意:对于给您带来的不便,请接受我们的道歉。any修饰名词,作
介词for的宾语,根据句意,不可数名词inconvenience (不便)作宾语,符合句意。故填
inconvenience。
3.Due to the widespread (apply) of this medical technology,more diseases can
be discovered and treated at an early stage.
【答案】application
【详解】考查词形转换。句意:由于这种医药技术的广泛应用,越来越多的疾病可以及早
发现并且治愈了。分析句子可知,形容词widespread后用名词,此空为“应用”的意思,
且为不可数名词,故填application。
4.Like their children, parents are often (defend)about their private lives.
【答案】defensive
【详解】考查形容词。句意:就像子女一样,父母也常常很注重保护他们的私生活。分析
句子成分可知,空格处在系动词are后作表语,用形容词形式,故填defensive。
5.If you have been working hard, don’t be afraid to take a break and give yourself a well-
(deserve) pat on the back or to reflect on your goals.
【答案】deserved
【详解】考查形容词和构词法。句意:如果你一直在努力工作,不要害怕休息一下,给自己一个当之无愧的表扬,或者反思你的目标。分析可知,“well- __________ (deserve)”应
是形容词,在名词短语“a pat on the back(表扬,赞许)”中作定语。“deserve”,动词,意为
“值得,应受”,其过去分词形式“deserved”可作形容词,意为“应得的;理所当然的;
该受的”,与“well”构成合成词“well-deserved(当之无愧的)”,形容词,符合句意和分
析。故填deserved。
6.One afternoon, I grew (bore) and decided to go on an outing.
【答案】bored
【详解】考查词形转换。句意:一天下午,我觉得无聊了,决定去郊游。此处grow为系动
词,后面应跟形容词作表语。bored意为“感到厌烦的"。故填bored。
7.The second-hand car (appear) to be in good condition,so I bought it.
【答案】appeared
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意:这辆二手车看起来状况不错,所以我买了它。appear表
示“看起来”,没有被动形式,与后面的bought在时态上应保持一致。故填appeared。
8.As a student, your personal (behave) outside school also reflects on the school.
【答案】behavio(u)r
【详解】考查词形转换。句意:作为一名学生,你在校外的个人行为也会给学校带来影
响。根据空前的your personal可知空处应填名词形式。behavio(u)r在此处意为“行为,
举止”,是不可数名词。故填behavio(u)r。