2026 届高三一轮复习语法考点8:现在完成时
高考真题
1.(2024 年浙江卷1 月语法填空)Over the last two years, some
supermarkets ________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with
two halves containing separate portions (份).
【答案】have started【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:在过去的两年里,一
些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装,设计成两半,拆分成两份。根据“Over
the last two years”可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词start 意为“开始”。故
填have started。
2.【2024 年浙江卷1 月】Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____62___
(start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____63___ (design) with two halves
containing separate portions (份).
62. have started。考查谓语动词。本句主要结构为 some supermarkets 62
(start) selling chicken or salad in packs 空格处应为谓语动词,根据本句的时
间状语 Over the last two years,可知空格处应使用现在完成时,且主语为复
数形式,与start 之间为主动关系,因此应填现have started。
63. designed。考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知,packs 后需要定语,空
格处应用非谓语动词作定语。且packs 与 design 之间是被动关系,因此应
填动词designed。
2.(2022 年全国甲卷语法填空)In the last five years, Cao ________ (walk)
through 34 countries in six continents.
【答案】has walked【解析】考查动词时态。句意:在过去五年中,曹穿越
了六大洲的34 个国家。根据时间状语in the last five years 可知,此处应用现
在完成时,主语Cao 为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。
3.(2022 年浙江卷1 月语法填空)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for
example, roughly 200 academics — many of the climate scientists ________
(promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
【答案】have promised【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:例如,在一个
名为“无蝇气候科学”的网站上,大约200 名学者——其中许多气候科学家
——承诺自两年前开始这项工作以来,尽可能少地飞行。根据时间状语
“since the effort started two years ago”可知,主句应使用现在完成时,主语
“many of them climate scientists”是复数,因此空格处是have promised。故
填have promised。
4. 【2019 年全国卷I】In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ____5____
(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a
____6____(believe) that populations are increasing.
5. have reported 考查动词时态。句意:近年来,努纳尤特的一些因纽特人报
告说,在人类定居点附近看到熊的次数增加了,这导致人们认为熊的数量在
增加。时间状语 In recent years “在近几年来”、so far/up to now“到目前为
止”、in/during/over the last/past few years“在最近的几年了”、since“自
从......以来”等与现在完成时连用,且此处句子主语是some Inuit people ,
复数形式。故答案为have reported。
6. belief 考查名词。句意:近年来,努纳尤特的一些因纽特人报告说,在人
类定居点附近看到熊的次数增加了,这导致人们认为熊的数量在增加。空格
前的是a,不定冠词a 用在名词前面,且空后是that 引导的同位语从句,说明
前面名词的具体内容,所以该空填名词,但所给词believe 是动词,其名词是
belief。故答案为belief。
7. 【2019 年新课标II】 I love coming here and seeing my family and all the
friends I ____6____(make) over the years.
6. have made 考查现在完成时。句意:我喜欢来这里,看看我的家人和多年
来结交的所有朋友。根据时间状语over the years,可知此处用现完成时态,
且句子主语是I,所以谓语动词用复数形式。故答案为have made。
8. 【2018 年全国I 卷】Since 2011, the country __1__ (grow) more corn than rice.
1. has grown 考查现在完成时。句意:自2011 年以来,该国种植的玉米超过
了水稻。句中since 2011“自从2011 年以来”和现在完成时连用,且the
country 是句子主语,第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词要用动词的单数第三
人称形式。故答案为has grown。
9. 【2017 年全国卷III】 Sarah ___3___ (tell) that she could be Britain's new
supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.
3.has been told/was told 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:萨拉被
告知/被告知她可以成为英国的新超模,在明年赚100 万美元。动词tell 后接
双宾语tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”,由此可判断该空用被动语态;再根据空
后that 引导的宾语从句的谓语动词could be,可知这里在描述已经发生的事
情,也就是“萨拉已经被告诉”,所以此处要用现在完成时的被动语态或一
般过去时的被动语态;句子主语是Sarah,第三人称单数形式,谓语动词也
要用动词的单数第三人称形式。故答案为has been told/was told。
10. 【2022 年浙江1 月】Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the
like frequently by plane ____2____(view) as important for scientists to get
together and exchange information.
2. Is viewed 或has been viewed 考查被动语态。句意:经常乘飞机去参加会
议、讲座、研讨会等活动被认为是科学家们聚在一起交流信息的重要途径。
该句是动名词短语作主语,和谓语动词之间是被动关系,且这里在描述人们
普遍认知的事情,所以此处是一般现在时的被动语态或现在完成时的被动语
态,动名词作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为is viewed 或has
been viewed。
11.【2022 年浙江1 月】 On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for
example, _____5_____(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate
scientists ____6____ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started
two years ago.
5. roughly 考查副词。句意:例如,在一个名为“禁止飞行气候科学”(No
Fly Climate Sci)的网站上,大约有200 名学者——其中许多是气候科学家
——承诺自两年前开始努力以来,尽可能少坐飞机。空后 200 是数字,由
副词roughly“粗略地,大约”修饰。故答案为roughly。
6. have promised 考查动词时态。句意:例如,在一个名为“禁止飞行气候科
学”(No Fly Climate Sci)的网站上,大约有200 名学者——其中许多是气候
科学家——承诺自两年前开始努力以来,尽可能少坐飞机。“since+过去时
间”表示“自从......以来”,与现在完成时连用,根据 since the effort
started two years ago 可知,设空处用现在完成时,且句子主语 many of them
climate scientists 是复数形式,谓语动词也用复数。故答案为have
promised。
12. 【2022 年北京卷】The use of those plastics ____10___ (increase) by 300% since
2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
10. has increased 考查现在完成时。句意:自2019 年以来,这些塑料的使用
量增加了300%。“since+过去时间”表示“自从......以来”,和现在完成时
连用;根据since 2019 可知,设空处用现在完成时,且The use 是句子主语,
谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为has increased。
13. 【2021 年北京卷】There 7 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme
weather events over the past 20 years, 8 (cause) largely by rising global
temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
7. has been 考查现在完成时。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,在过去20 年
里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,主要是由全球气温上升引起的。该句是
there be 句型,根据句中时间状语over the past 20 years,可知句子用现在完
成时,句子的主语是 a dramatic rise,单数第三人称形式,所以谓语动词用
动词的第三人称单数形式。故答案为has been。
优秀模拟试题
1.He graduated from university last year and (work) in our company
ever since.
2.Britain as well as many other industrial countries, (experience)major
changes over the last 100years.
3.Tom, rather than I, (serve) in the army ever since graduation.
4.According to some signs, some experts have (conclude) that the global
economy is beginning to recover little by little.
5.This July (witness)a boost in the juvenile myopia, as a consequence of
excessive screen time.
6.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement (reach) so far by
the two sides.
7.Recently, financial experts (detect) signs that the economy is
beginning to improve.
8.Over time, it (expand) to include multiple options of soups,
vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes.
9.I (participate) in a volunteer programme, visiting elderly people in
my area for the last three years.
10.The population in California (explode) over the past few years and
the state is faced with great challenges.
11. According to Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata, across Africa, all giraffe
populations (decline) by over 70 percent in the past 20 years from 36,000
to less than 9,000 today.
12.In the past decades, with the rapid development of science and technology,
our daily life (change) a lot.
13.Known as rou jia mo, which translates to “meat burger” or “meat
sandwich”, they consist of chopped meat inside a pita-like bun(小圆面包),
and they (be)around since the Qin dynasty, from about 221 BC to 207
BC.
14.Keep an eye on your pet’s water. Sometimes owners don’t realize that a
water bowl (freeze) and their pet can’t get anything to drink.
15.These beautiful blackfaced spoonbills are some of the world's rarest birds.
The birds (fly) all the way from their summer home to this wetland,
where they will spend the winter. Now, they circle and land.
16.Not only are tea-related customs found across the country, but also
they (influence) the rest of the world since ancient times through the
ancient Silk Road and trade routes.
17.Over the past few years, China (see) a rise in young consumers
interested in internal brands and products that incorporate traditional Chinese
style and culture, a trend known as guochao.
18.On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200
academics — many of them climate scientists (promise) to fly as little as
possible since the effort started two years ago.
19.According to a recent report archaeologists (restore) more than 140
Terracotta Warriors. They discovered that the arms of these figures were
created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a layer of fine
clay.
20.Since that year, most young craftsmen (return) to their hometown
and found a bright future.
21.Consequently, cybercrime coming in many different forms (become)
a huge problem in recent years.
22.“For centuries, the scent of tea leaves (offer) nutrition to this land.
This intangible cultural heritage of tea processing techniques is deeply rooted
in people’s everyday life.”
23.He mentioned that the Chinese market is significant for jade products, and
his business (operate) in China for 10 years.
24.Up to now, China (establish) a number of protected areas with
mangroves.
25.Wang was born and grew up in America, but she (build) solid ties
with Chinese culture since she was a little girl.
26.I (highlight)the important passages in yellow so it’s easy for me to
review.
27.The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019.
28.Many new tough problems (arise) since they came to America.
29.It is the second time that the buildings in the town (survive) the
natural disasters.
30.In the past decades, some number plates (become) extremely valuable,
particularly those that spell out words.
31.The unemployment rate in this district (fall) from 6% to 5% since
two years ago.
32.We have (collaboration) on many projects over the years.
33.He is the only one of the students who (read) the book.
34.Confucius (influence) China for more than 2,000 years.
35.The intersection (交汇处) of Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces is home to
Northeast China Tiger, which (set) out to protect the habitats of those two
species since its start.
36.In the last five years , more and more people (buy) electric cars.
37.Growing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother,
I (enjoy) food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and
fork-and chopsticks!
38.Since then, a close relationship (grow) between us and she’s
been almost like a sister to me.
39.So far, our country (make) great achievements in many fields.
40.Since it drew recent media attention, Woon (hear) from resorts and
restaurants in 10 countries, including the United States.
41.Johnathan, as well as his fellow workers, (resign) from the company
since it announced its transformation plan.
42.Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans (get) a lot “greener”
toward the environment.
43.Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, (have) a deep love for
travel.
44.Its membership (double) in the last five years.
45.I guess that you (use) the computer a lot recently. You should rest
your eyes more often.
46.Jason’s only recreation is painting. He (learn) how to paint for over
five years.
47.It is the 20th time in history that Chinese women’s table tennis
team (win) the honorable award—M Corbillon Cup(考比伦杯).
48.For many years, whisky has been one of the most popular drinks all over
the world, and Scotland (produce) more and more of it so far.
49.Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production
has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years.
50.Recent years (witness) a great improvement in the relations between
the two countries.
51.E-mail (play) an important role in our communication in the past
decades.
52.In recent years, as the “new” technology of using computers and
smartphones (take)over society, students no longer need to learn how to
write “ mechanically" and they let their keyboards do the work.
53.A virtual choir has (prove) to be a positive influence on the lives of
many people.
54.I think Ana (finish) her packing since she started getting things ready
early this morning.
55.Many a program of economic reforms (approve) by the Parliament so
far.
56.Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest (disappear)
due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.
57.The beautiful scenery and various traditional customs of Liangshan Yi
Autonomous Prefecture (行政区) (bring) great resources to the local
tourism industry in the past decade.
58.The public (convince) of the effectiveness of security measures such
as keeping social distance and wearing masks in recent days.
59.The finishing touches are being put to a new swimming pool and recently
our workout rooms (update) with modern equipment.
60.The Chinese government (lead) the Chinese to the successful control
of COVID-19 since it broke out, which makes China lead the world in
economic recovery.
61.The old couple moved back to the countryside in 2018 and (lead) a
happy and peaceful life ever since.
62.Her husband died because of smoking last month and she (ban)
her son from smoking ever since.
63.But the country's economic development over the years (permit) the
sport to spread beyond the wealthy.
64.I want to thank the Beijing 2022 organizing committee for the outstanding
work they (do)so far.
65.The poor old lady (lie)on the ground for almost twenty minutes,
but still nobody comes to help her.
66.The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s
and (remain)around that level ever since.
67.This is the first time I (come) to Chengdu and I am deeply impressed
with its delicious food.
68.Donna has (acquire) a good knowledge of Chinese since she was
four.
69.When it comes to desirable companies, business
students (name) Bank of China the top choice for seven years.
70.You have just (take) your first step towards a new and improved you.
【答案】
1.has been working/has worked【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:
他去年大学毕业后就一直在我们公司工作。根据时间状语ever since 可知,
此处使用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时,表示一个动作从过去开始一直持
续到现在或者表示动作从过去持续到现在并将持续下去,主语为he,谓语动
词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has worked/has been working。2.has
experienced/has been experiencing【详解】考查动词时态。句意:跟很多的
工业化国家一样,在过去的一百年中,英国已经经历了巨大的改变。根据时
间状语over the last 100 years 可知,该句为现在完成时(have/has+过去分
词)或现在完成进行时(have/has+been+现在分词),因主语Britain 为第三
人称单数,主谓语法一致,故填has experienced/has been experiencing。
3.has served【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自从毕业后就在部队服
役的是汤姆,而不是我。根据时间状语“ever since graduation(自从毕
业)”可知,应用现在完成时;“rather than”连接两个名词或代词作主语时,
谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致,应用单
数形式;主语“Tom”与“serve”是主动关系,应用主动语态。故填has
served。
4.concluded【详解】考查动词和时态。句意:根据一些迹象,一些专家已
经得出结论,全球经济正在慢慢地复苏。分析句子可知,设空处是主句谓语
动词,再结合语境和上文have 可知,该句为现在完成时,结构为have+done
的形式。故填concluded。
5.(has) witnessed【详解】考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意:由于过度在
屏幕前花费大量时间,今年7 月增加青少年近视人数增加很多。分析句子结
构可知:设空处所给词在句中作谓语,强调动作发生在过去用一般过去时,
答案为witnessed;也可以表示过去所做的事情对现在的影响,用has
witnessed。故答案为(has)witnessed。
6.has been reached【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:尽管进行了前几轮谈
判,双方至今仍未达成协议。结合下文so far 可知,应用现在完成时;主语
no agreement 与谓语动词reach 为被动关系,表示“协议被达成”;且谓语动
词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been reached。
7.have detected【详解】考查时态。句意:最近,金融专家发现了经济开始
好转的迹象。分析句子可知,此空应填谓语动词, financial experts 与
detect 为主动关系,再由Recently 可知,这里时态应用现在完成时。故填
have detected。
8.has expanded【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:随着时间的推移,它
已经扩展到包括多种选择的汤,蔬菜,肉类和酱料,吸引不同口味的人。设
空处作谓语,由Over time 以及句意可知,句子时态是现在完成时,主语it
是单数,因此空格处是has expanded。故填has expanded。
9.have participated【详解】考查时态。句意:在过去的三年里,我参加了
一个志愿者项目,拜访了我所在地区的老年人。根据后文for the last three
years 可知为现在完成时,主语为I,助动词用have。故填have participated。
10.has exploded【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的几年里,加
利福尼亚州的人口激增,该州面临着巨大的挑战。根据句中的over the past
few years 可知,谓语动词explode 应用现在完成时,表示动作从过去某一时
间一直持续到现在,而且还有可能继续下去。主语为population,助动词应
用has。故填has exploded。
11.have declined【详解】考查动态语态和主谓一致。句意:根据Giraffa
camelopardalis reticulata 的数据,在整个非洲,长颈鹿的数量在过去的20 年
里减少了70%以上,从36000 只减少到现在的不到9000 只。decline(减少,
下降)是句中谓语动词,与主语giraffe populations 之间是主动关系,句中有
时间状语in the past 20 years,描述从过去开始持续到现在的动作,应使用现
在完成时态,主语是复数名词,谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上,谓语应
用现在完成时的主动语态,复数形式。故填have declined。12.has changed
【详解】考查时态。句意:在过去的几十年里,随着科学技术的飞速发展,
我们的日常生活改变了很多。根据本句的时间状语in the past decades 可知,
该句子应该用现在完成时。故填has changed。13.have been【详解】考查时
态。因为有时间状语since the Qin dynasty, from about 221 BC to 207 BC.,
可知要用现在完成时态:has/have done,又因为主语是they,所以用have
been。故填have been。
14.has frozen【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:留意你宠物的饮水。
有时主人没有意识到水碗已经结冰了,他们的宠物找不到任何喝的东西。空
处为谓语动词,此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响,使用现在完成时,
主语为a water bowl,谓语动词应用单数。故填has frozen。15.have flown
【详解】考查谓语动词时态及主谓一致。句意:这些美丽的黑脸琵鹭是世界
上最稀有的鸟类之一。这些鸟从它们夏天的家一路飞到这片湿地,它们将在
这里过冬。现在,它们盘旋着陆。所给动词fly 在句中作谓语,根据“this
wetland”及“where they will spend the winter”可知,这种鸟现在已到达此地,
将在此地过冬,由此可知,该空应使用现在完成时态,主语为复数名词,助
动词使用复数形式。故填have flown。
16.have influenced/have been influencing【详解】考查现在完成(进行)时。
句意:与茶有关的习俗不仅遍布全国,而且自古以来就通过古丝绸之路和贸
易路线影响着世界其他地区。根据since ancient times 可知句子用现在完成时,
也可用现在完成进行时,表示动作从过去某个时间开始,一直持续到现在,
可能仍会持续下去,主语they 表示复数意义,故填have influenced/have been
influencing。
17.has seen【详解】考查时态和语态及主谓一致。句意:在过去的几年里,
中国已经见证了越来越多的年轻消费者对融合中国传统风格和文化的国内品
牌和产品感兴趣,这一趋势被称为国潮。根据时间状语Over the past few
years 可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语China 是单数,谓语动词应用第三人
称单数形式。故填has seen。
18.have promised【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:例如,在一个叫
“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200 个学者,他
们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。空处应填谓语动词,根据时间状语
“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,且主语为many of them
climate scientists。故填have promised。
19.have restored【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:根据最近的一
份报告,考古学家已经修复了140 多个兵马俑。他们发现这些雕像的手臂是
分开制作的,然后附着在身体上,上面覆盖着一层精细的粘土。分析句子结
构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以restore 作本句谓语,根据标志词recent 可
知,用现在完成时,主语是archaeologists,为复数。故填have restored。
20.have returned【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:从那一年起,
大多数年轻的工匠都回到了家乡,找到了美好的未来。分析句子可知,
return(返回)是句中谓语动词,与主语most young craftsmen 之间是主动关系,
句中有时间状语Since that year,应使用现在完成时态,又因主语most young
craftsmen 是复数名词,所以谓语动词应使用复数形式。综上,谓语应用现在
完成时的主动语态,复数形式。故填have returned。
21.has become【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:因此,近年来,以多
种不同形式出现的网络犯罪已成为一个巨大的问题。分析句子,设空处使用
动词作谓语,句中in recent years 为现在完成时时间标志,故使用现在完成时,
同时句子的主语为cybercrime,助动词用has。故填has become。22.has
offered/has been offering【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:几个世纪以
来,茶叶的香味为这片土地提供了营养。分析句子可知,空处作谓语,由
For centuries 可知,应为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时,主语the scent of
tea leaves 为单数名词,所以为动词第三人称单数形式。故填has offered/has
been offering。
23.has been operating/has operated【详解】考查时态。句意:他提到,中国
市场对玉石产品很重要,他的生意已经在中国经营了10 年。根据句意以及后
面的时间状语for 10 years 可知,此处应用现在完成进行时态或者现在完成时。
故填has been operating/has operated。
24.has established【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,中国
已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知,句子应用现
在完成时,主语是China,助动词应用has,故填has established。25.has
built【详解】考查时态。句意:王女士出生并长在美国,但是从她是个小女
孩的时候,她就和中国文化产生了牢固的联系。此处主语为she,build 为谓
语动词,主语she 与build 之间为主动关系,且根据后文的时间状语从句
since she was a little girl 可知,此处应用现在完成时,故填has built。
26.have highlighted【详解】考查时态。句意:我用黄色标出了重要的段落,
这样便于我复习。根据后文so it’s easy for me to review 可知表示过去发生的
动作对现在产生的影响,应用现在完成时,主语为I,助动词用have。故填
have highlighted。
27.has increased【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意:自2019 年以
来,这些塑料的使用量增加了300%。根据“since 2019”可知,此处应用现在
完成时。动词increase 意为“增加”。主语use 意为“使用”,为不可数名
词,所以助动词应用has。故填has increased。
28.have arisen【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自从他们来到美国以
来,出现了许多新的棘手问题。设空处为谓语,根据时间状语 since they
came to America,可知应用现在完成时,主语Many new tough problems,谓
语用复数形式,故填have arisen。
29.have survived【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这是该镇的建
筑第二次在自然灾害中幸存下来。“it is the+序数词+time+that 从句”为固定
句型,意为“这是第……次……”,其中that 从句应用现在完成时。从句的
主语为the buildings,为复数意义,所以助动词应用复数形式have。故填
have survived。
30.have become【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:过去的几十年里,一
些车牌号变得极其宝贵,特别是那些能拼出单词的车牌。In the past decades
为时间状语,一般与现在完成时连用,主语some number plates 是复数概念,
谓语动词也用复数形式。故填have become。
31.has fallen【详解】考查时态。句意:自两年前以来,这个地区的失业率
已从6%下降到5%。分析句子结构,空白处在中作谓语,根据时间状语since
two years ago 可知句子使用现在完成时,主语是The unemployment rate,助
动词为has,故填has fallen。
32.collaborated【详解】考查动词。句意:这些年来我们在许多项目上都进
行了合作。分析句子可知,空处是谓语动词,collaborate“合作”,动词,句
子是现在完成时,空处应填过去分词,故填collaborated。
33.has read【详解】考查动词时态。句意:他是学生中唯一读过这本书的人。
空处缺少谓语动词,此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响,使用现在完
成时,主语who 指代the only one of the students,助动词用has。故填has
read。
34.has influenced【详解】考查时态。句意:孔子影响了中国两千多年。根
据时间状语“for more than 2,000 years”以及主语“Confucius”可知,应为现
在完成时,且为单数。故填has influenced。
35.has set【详解】考查动词时态。句意:吉林和黑龙江的交界处是东北虎
的栖息地,这个地方从一开始就开始保护这两个物种的栖息地。分析句子可
知,此处为which 引导的非限制性定语从句中谓语动词的填入,由since 可知,
此处应为现在完成时,先行词The intersection 为单数名词,助动词使用
has。故填has set。
36.have bought【详解】考查时态。句意:在过去的五年里,越来越多的人
买了电动汽车。根据时间状语In the last five years 可知,用现在完成时。主
语是more and more people,助动词用have。根据句意,故填have bought。
37.have enjoyed/have been enjoying【详解】考查时态。句意:我在英国长
大,父亲是英国人,母亲是中国人。自从我学会拿刀叉和筷子以来,我就喜
欢上了这两个国家的食物!根据句子可知,提示词是句子谓语动词,与主语
I 之间是主动关系,结合句中时间状语“ever since I was able to hold a knife
and fork-and chopsticks”可知,表示从过去开始持续现在,并将继续下去的动
作,可用现在完成时态或者现在完成进行时态;主语是I,助动词用have。
故填have enjoyed/have been enjoying。
38.has grown/has been growing【详解】考查时态。句意:从那以后,我们
之间的关系越来越密切,她对我来说就像一个妹妹。该空为谓语,结合Since
then 可知,该空可表过去的动作或状态持续到现在,或对现在造成的影响,
可能持续发生下去,用现在完成时;也可表过去发生的动作或状况一直持续
到现在,这个动作可能仍在继续进行,用现在完成进行时。主语a close
relationship 单数,谓语单数形式。故填has grown/has been growing。
39.has made【详解】考查时态。句意:到目前为止,我国在许多领域都取
得了巨大的成就。根据时间状语so far,此处应用现在完成时态,主语为our
country,为第三人称单数,助动词应用has。故填:has made。40.has
heard【详解】考查时态。句意:自从最近引起媒体关注以来,Woon 已经从
包括美国在内的10 个国家的度假村和餐馆听到了消息。根据时间状语
“Since it drew recent media attention”可知,本句为现在完成时,主语为
Woon,谓语为单数形式。故填has heard。
41.has resigned【详解】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意:自从公司宣
布改组计划之后,乔纳森和他的同事们就已经决定辞职了。分析句子结构可
知,设空处在句中作谓语。根据since 引导时间状语从句可知,此处应用现
在完成时;主语“A, as well as B”对应的谓语动词的数应遵循就远原则,前
面的主语人称Johnathan 为单数形式,主语与谓语动词之间为主动关系,故
填has resigned。
42.have gotten/have got【详解】考查时态。句意:自从1970 年第一个地球
日以来,美国人对环境变得更加“环保”了。根据时间状语Since the first
Earth Day in 1970 可知,用现在完成时。主语Americans 为复数,所以助动
词用have。结合句意,故填have gotten/got。
43.has had【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:现年71 岁的
金妮从小就热爱旅行。根据句子结构及ever since,可知谓语动词用现在完成
时,主语为单数,谓语动词用单数形式。故填has had。
44.has doubled【详解】考查时态。句意:它的成员数量在过去五年中翻了
一番。分析可知空格处是句子的谓语,主语“Its membership ”与“double”之
间是主动关系,结合时间状语“the last five years”可知空格处用现在完成时,
结合主谓一致,故填has doubled。
45.have used【详解】考查时态。句意:我猜你最近经常用电脑。你应该多
让眼睛休息一下。根据后文recently 可知应用现在完成时,主语为you,助动
词用have。故填have used。
46.has learnt/has been learning【详解】考查时态。句意:杰森唯一的消遣
就是画画。他学画画已经五年多了。分析可知,所填动词为谓语动词,结合
时间状语“for over five years”可知,用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。主语
“He”为第三人称单数,应是has done 或has been doing。故填has learnt/has
been learning。
47.has won【详解】考查动词时态。句意:这是中国女子乒乓球队历史上第
20 次赢得“考比伦杯”这一荣誉奖项。分析句子结构可知,此处为“It is the
+序数词 time that+从句”的句型,该句型中that 从句要用现在完成时
have/has done 结构,从句的主语为“Chinese women’s table tennis team”,为
单数。故填has won。
48.has produced【详解】考查现在完成时。句意:多年来,威士忌一直是
世界上最受欢迎的饮品之一,目前苏格兰生产的威士忌越来越多。根据so
far 可知,此处应用现在完成时。Scotland 为第三人称单数。故填has
produced。
49.has grown【详解】考查时态。句意:自2011 年以来,该国种植的玉米
超过了水稻。玉米产量在过去25 年里增长了近125%。根据时间状语“Since
2011”可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语country 是名词单数,助动词应用
has,故填has grown。
50.have witnessed【详解】考查动词时态。句意:近年来,两国关系有了很
大的改善。根据主语Recent years 可知,此处用现在完成时,且主语是复数
形式。故填have witnessed。
51.has played/has been playing【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过
去的几十年里,电子邮件在我们的交流中扮演了重要的角色。根据时间状语
“in the past decades”可知,此处应用现在完成时,表示过去发生的动作对现
在造成的影响,也可用现在完成进行时,表示过去发生的动作持续到现在,
还有可能继续下去,主语E-mail 是名词单数,助动词用has,故填has
played/has been playing。
52.has taken【详解】考查动词时态。句意:近年来,由于使用电脑和智能
手机的“新”技术已经接管了社会,学生们不再需要学习如何“机械地”书
写,他们让键盘工作。根据时间状语“In recent years”可知,此处使用现在
完成时,主语为technology,助动词用has。故填has taken。
53.proved【详解】考查时态。句意:事实证明,虚拟合唱团对许多人的生
活产生了积极的影响。由空前的has 可知,句子是现在完成时,主语A
virtual choir 和动词prove 之间是主动关系,现在完成时的结构为“助动词
have/has+动词过去分词”,空处应填过去分词。故填proved。
54.has finished【详解】考查时态。句意:安娜今天一大早就开始准备,我
想她现在已经收拾好了行李。分析句子可知,“Ana (finish) her
packing since she started getting things ready early this morning.”是宾语从句,
提示词在句中作谓语动词,与主语Ana 之间是主动关系;结合主句“I think”
和从句“since she started getting things ready early this morning”中时态可知,
Ana 一大早就开始准备,“我”认为她现在已经收拾完毕,强调现在的结果,
应用现在完成时;主语Ana 是单数名词,谓语动词也用单数形式。故填has
finished。
55.has been approved【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意:到目前
为止,议会已经批准了许多经济改革方案。分析句子可知,so far 表示“迄
今为止”,结合句子来看,本句描述的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响,还
可能持续发生下去,应用现在完成时,且空处谓语动词要与主语Many a
program 保持主谓一致,其中many a 为固定搭配,表示“许多”,后接可数
名词单数,作主语时,谓语动词也要用单数形式,所以填has been
approved,表示“已经批准”。故填has been approved。
56.has disappeared【详解】考查动词时态。句意:在过去的50 年里,由于
农业和畜牧业等人类活动,大约17%的雨林已经消失。结合语境和时间状语
over the past 50 years 可知,应用现在完成时,主语about 17 per cent of the
rainforest 不可数,助动词用has。故填has disappeared。
57.have brought【详解】考查动词时态。句意:凉山彝族自治州美丽的风景
和丰富的传统习俗,在过去的十年里为当地的旅游业带来了巨大的资源。根
据后文“in the past decade”可知应用现在完成时,主语为The beautiful
scenery and various traditional customs,助动词用have。故填have brought。
58.has been convinced/have been convinced【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:
最近几天,保持社交距离、戴口罩等安保措施的有效性得到了肯定。固定搭
配be convinced of“确信,认识到”,结合时间状语in recent days,可知句子
的时态为现在完成时,主语the public 在此处既可看作强调整体,也可看作
强调个体,故谓语动词用单复数形式都可以。故填has/have been
convinced。
59.have been updated【详解】考查动词。句意:一个新的游泳池正在收尾
工作,最近我们的健身房已经更新了现代设备。由recently 可知此处用现在
完成时,主语our workout rooms 是复数。故填have been updated。60.has
led【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:新冠肺炎疫情发生以来,中国政府
带领中国人民成功控制疫情,在经济复苏中引领世界。根据时间状语从句
“since it broke out”可知,空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态:has/have
done,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,主语是单数government ,所
以此处助动词需用has。故填has led。
61.has led【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这对老夫妇于2018 年
搬回农村,从此过上了幸福安宁的生活。分析句子结构可知,空处缺少谓语
动词,根据“ever since”可知,此处为现在完成时,主语为The old couple,
助动词用has。故填has led。
62.has banned/has been banning【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意:她的丈
夫上个月死于吸烟,从那以后她就(一直)禁止她的儿子吸烟。根据下文
ever since 可知应用现在完成时,主语为she,故填has banned。或强调过去
动作的延续不曾间断用现在完成进行时has been banning。
63.has permitted【详解】考查现在完成时。句意:但多年来,中国的经济
发展使得这项运动的传播范围超出了富人的范围。分析句子可知,设空处为
句子谓语动词,根据时间状语over the years 可知用现在完成时,主语
development 不可数,助动词应用has。故填has permitted。
64.have done【详解】考查时态。句意:我要感谢北京2022 年冬奥会组委
会到目前为止所做的出色工作。根据时间状语so far,可知用现在完成时,
主语为they,助动词用have。故填have done。
65.has been lying/has lain【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意:那位可怜
的老妇人已经躺在地上近20 分钟了,但仍没有人来帮助她。根据语境可知此
处lie 是发生在comes 之前的动作,且一直持续到现在,并将有可能继续进行
下去,故此处使用现在完成进行时最佳,现在完成时亦可,故填has been
lying 或has lain。
66.has remained【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20 世纪90 年代初,
医学院的数量达到了18 所,此后一直保持在这个水平上下。ever since 意为
“从那以后”,作后一分句的时间状语,后一分句用现在完成时。主语为
The number of medical schools,其中the number of...表示“……的数目”,
作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has remained。67.have
come【详解】考查固定句型,现在完成时和主谓一致。句意:这是我第一次
来成都,那里的美食给我留下了深刻的印象。This is the first time sb.
have/has done sth.为固定句型,主语I 为第一人称,因此空格处为have
come,故填have come。
68.acquired【详解】考查动词。句意:唐娜从四岁起开始很好地掌握了汉
语。分析句子可知,acquire(获得)是句中谓语动词,根据句中时间状语
“since she was four”可知,主句应使用现在完成时态,因此,acquire 应用过
去分词形式acquired,与空格前助动词has 构成现在完成时态。故填
acquired。
69.have named【详解】考查时态。句意:当涉及到满意的公司的时候,近
七年以来商科学生一直把中国银行当成最高的选择。句中时间状语for seven
years 通常要和现在完成时连用,所以要填have named。
70.taken【详解】考查动词时态。句意:你已经向一个全新的、有所改进的
自己迈出了第一步。根据上文You have 可知为现在完成时,应填过去分词。
故填taken。