专题06 动词时态语态1（现在时）（知识清单）
目录导航
01 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系
02 考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点
考点一 现在完成时
知识点1 现在完成时的构成
知识点2 现在完成时含义及用法
知识点3 现在完成时副词标志
知识点4 现在完成时短语标志
知识点5 现在完成时句型标志
考点二 一般现在时
知识点1 一般现在时基本用法
知识点2 一般现在时拓展用法
考点三 现在进行时
知识点1 现在进行时基本用法
知识点2 现在进行时拓展用法
考点四 现在完成进行时
知识点1 现在完成进行时基本用法
知识点2 与现在完成时用法对比
03 优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用
高考真题（现在时）
名校模拟（现在时）
写作升格（现在时,26 真题素
材）
知识脑图·核心脉络搭建
考点深研·知能分层突破
考点一 现在完成时
知识点1 现在完成时的构成
1. 现在完成时形式变化
具体内容
具体形式
基本形式
have/has+过去分词
被动形式
have/has+been+过去分词
否定形式
have/has+not+过去分词
一般疑问句式
Have/Has+主语+过去分词...?
He has recorded warm stories about his hometown in his notebook. （陈述句）
他在本子里记录了许多家乡温暖的小故事。
This ancient poem has been translated into several foreign languages. （被动）
这首古诗已经被翻译成好几种外文。
The valuable painting has not been shown to visitors so far this year. （否定句）
这幅珍贵画作今年至今还未向游客展出。
Have all the mistakes in your essay been corrected by yourself? （疑问句）
你作文里所有错误都自己修改完了吗？
知识点2 现在完成时含义及用法
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
He has lost his key and cannot open his front door now.
他弄丢钥匙，如今打不开自家大门。
The report hasn’t been printed; we cannot hand it to the teacher.
报告尚未打印，我们没法交给老师。
知识点3 现在完成时常见副词标志
现在完成时常见副词标志：recently/lately 最近already 已经。
We haven’t met each other lately because we are busy with exams.
我们最近没见面，大家都忙着备考。
This old story has already been recorded in our local history book.
这个老故事早已被记载在本地史册之中。
知识点4 现在完成时常见短语标志
现在完成时常见短语标志：so far/up to now/up till now/do date 到目前为止；for 20 years 二十年；since
2023 自从2023 年以来；in/over the past five weeks 在过去五周内。
Over the past five weeks, we have taken part in many colorful school activities.
过去五周，我们参加了许多丰富多彩的校园活动。
So far, more than one hundred trees have been planted around our campus.
到目前为止，校园周边已经种下上百棵树。
To date, no clear solution has been found for this difficult environmental problem.
到目前为止，这个环境难题还没有找到完善解决方案。
知识点5 现在完成时常见句型标志
现在完成时常见句型标志：It is the first time that….; It has been….since ….; the +最高级+名词+that 从句。
It is the first time that she has tasted delicious local traditional snacks here.
这是她第一次在这里品尝地道传统小吃。
It has been two months since he began to learn oil painting at art class.
自从他开始在美术班学油画已有两个月。
This is the best artwork that has been shown in our city’s art exhibition.
这是本市画展展出过最优秀的艺术作品。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．（25-26 高三下·山东日照·阶段检测）Great changes (occur) in the community since the waste-
sorting programme started.
2．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）She is the only one of the girls in our class who (win) the prize so
far.
3．（25-26 高三·全国·三轮复习）Ever since then, Yang (integrate) traditional techniques with
1．时间状语不同：
一般过去时常与明显过去特征状语连用，如yesterday, last year, just now, …ago, in 2023, at that
moment；现在完成时常与recently, lately, already, yet, so far, up to now, since…, for + 时段，in the
past ten days...等连用。
We moved to this small flat two years ago.两年前我们搬进了这套小公寓。
We have lived here since we graduated high school in 2023.自 2023 高中毕业我们就住在这里。
2. 含义不同：
一般过去时与现在无关；而现在完成时可以概括为“发生在过去，影响在现在”。
I lost my keys on the street yesterday afternoon. （有明确过去时间，只讲过去动作）
我昨天下午在街上弄丢了钥匙。
I have lost my keys and cannot enter my flat right now. （无具体时间，侧重现在结果）
我钥匙丢了，现在进不了家门。
modern applications creatively, designing patterns for contemporary items.
4．（25-26 高三下·福建泉州·期中）So far, we (spot) many problems that the old people face in their
daily lives.
5．（25-26 高二下·全国·课后作业）The number of cultural heritage sites in this province (remain)
stable over the past decade.
6．（25-26 高三·全国·三轮复习）These advanced technologies (break) through the long-standing
barriers of traditional farming and brought transformative changes to rural production in recent decades.
7．（2026 高三上·全国·专题练习）Drawing on these natural advantages, Donglan (position) TCM as
a key foundation for development in recent years.
8．（25-26 高三上·河南南阳·阶段检测）I should have finished my assignment on time, but I (be) busy
with other things the other day.
9．（2026 高三上·全国·专题练习）The number of such sports businesses (see) a notable increase in
recent years, indicating a promising outlook in the industry.
10．（25-26 高三·全国·一轮复习）This is my first time that I (invite) you to attend our program Talk
and Talk.
考点二 一般现在时
知识点1 一般现在时基本用法
1. 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如 always 总是、
usually 通常、often 经常、sometimes 有时、every week 每周。
She always takes notes carefully in every English class at school.
她在每节英语课上总会认真做好课堂笔记。
Sometimes I read light novels to relax myself every quiet evening.
每个安静夜晚，我有时读轻松小说放松自己。
2. 一般现在时表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然规律。
Water turns into ice when the temperature drops below zero.
气温降至零度以下时，水会凝结成冰。
Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen every day.
植物每日吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。
知识点2 一般现在时拓展用法
1.在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，即“主将从现”。
When he returns home from work, we will share delicious homemade dinners.
等他下班回家，我们一起享用美味的家常晚餐。
We won’t go camping unless it stops raining heavily tomorrow noon.
除非明天中午大雨停歇，否则我们不会外出露营。
2. 一般现在时表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）时刻表且有明确时间状语。
Our flight arrives at the coastal airport at 14:30 this afternoon.
我们的航班今日下午两点半抵达沿海机场。
The big ship sails for the island at six every Saturday morning.
这艘大船每周六早上六点开往那座海岛。
3. 一般现在时用于文章标题、图片说明、影评、剧评及场景解说等场合。
A group of kids plant saplings beside the clear river in spring.
一群孩子春日在清澈小河边栽种小树苗。
The play shows how young men stick to their original dreams firmly.
这部话剧展现青年如何坚守内心最初的理想。
4. 以here/there 开头引导的倒装句用一般现在时，表示正在发生的动作/状态。
Here comes our English teacher with a stack of exercise books.
我们的英语老师抱着一摞练习册朝这边走来。
There stands an ancient stone tower on the top of green hills.
青山之巅矗立着一座年代久远的石塔。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．（26-27 高一·全国·暑假作业）The director, rather than the clerks, _________ (be) responsible for the
incident.
2．（26-27 高一·全国·暑假作业）She usually _________ (wear) glasses, but today she _________ (wear)
contact lenses.
3．（26-27 高一·全国·暑假作业）Listen! Someone_________ (sing) in the next room. It _________ (sound)
beautiful.
4．（26-27 高三·江苏·初升高衔接）If it _________ (rain) tomorrow, we will stay at home.
5．（25-26 高三·广东·三轮复习）Hurry up! The flight to Tokyo ____________ (take off) in two hours, and we
haven’t checked in yet.
考点三 现在进行时
知识点1 现在进行时基本用法
1.现在进行时可以表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，有标志性词汇now, currently, look, listen 等。
Listen! A group of children are singing sweet songs in the next classroom.
听！一群孩子正在隔壁教室唱动听的歌谣。
Is the old wall being painted white by workers in the yard currently?
工人们眼下正在院子里把旧墙刷成白色吗？
2.现在进行时可用来描述当前一段时间内正在进行，但说话瞬间未必正在进行的动作。这类用法常与表示
“一段持续时间” 的状语连用。标志性词汇有these days , this week 等。
Many old houses are being repaired by workers these days in our town.
我们镇上不少老屋这些天正由工人修缮。
Are more green parks being planned in our city this week?
本周本市是否在规划修建更多绿色公园？
知识点2 现在进行时拓展用法
1. leave, take, run 等瞬间动词的现在进行时可表示将来发生的动作。
The sports meeting is starting soon, and all players are getting ready now.
运动会马上就要开幕，所有选手此刻都在做准备。
I am leaving for the mountain village to visit my grandma tomorrow morning.
明天一早我就要动身去山村看望奶奶。
2. 频度副词如 always, forever, continually, constantly 与现在进行时连用时，通过重复的动作传递强烈的
感情色彩，如赞扬、喜爱、抱怨、不满、不耐烦等。
My deskmate is always offering help whenever I meet hard learning problems.
同桌总在我遇到学习难题时主动伸出援手。
My little brother is constantly making loud noises while I am doing homework.
我写作业时弟弟总不停制造吵闹，实在打扰到我。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．（25-26 高二下·全国·课后作业）The number of young people learning English (increase) rapidly
these days.
2．（25-26 高二下·北京·期中）If you want to see Laura, please wait a moment. She (discuss) with
her editor about her new book.
3．（25-26 高三·广东·三轮复习）I can't join you for the game this weekend. My family (move) to a
new apartment.
4．（25-26 高二下·黑龙江鹤岗·期末）Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts .The plane ________
(take) off.
5．（25-26 高二下·全国·课后作业）He always (complain) about complex tasks, making
teammates unhappy.
考点四 现在完成进行时
知识点1 现在完成进行时基本用法
现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和for，since 引导的时间状语连用。
I have been calling you for three days but never get your reply.
这三天我断断续续给你打电话，始终没收到你的回复。
Have you been sending messages to your pen pal for half a year?
半年来你是不是断断续续给笔友发消息？
知识点2 现在完成（进行）时易混对比
现在完成进行时
现在完成时
示例
表示动作的重复
一般不表示重复性
Have you been meeting him recently?
你最近常和他见面吗？
Have you met him recently?
你最近见到过他吗？
含有感情色彩
一般是平铺直叙
I have been waiting for you for two hours.
我一直等了你两个小时。（表示不满）
I have waited for you for two hours.
我等了你两个小时。（说明事实）
强调事情的过程
强调事情结果
Who has been eating the oranges?
谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些）
Who has eaten the oranges?
谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩）
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?
—No, but we (try) to get in touch with them ever since.
2．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）The telephone (ring) for almost a minute. Why doesn’t anyone
answer it?
3．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）The river is very muddy. It (rain) heavily in the mountains for days.
4．（25-26 高二下·广东深圳·期中）A number of questions (arise) concerning the safety of the
new method in the past two months, especially in emergency medical treatment.
5．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）Her hands are covered in paint. She (paint) the wall all the morning.
优题精练·专题实战通关
高考真题分类精炼（现在时态）
1.（2026 年全国二卷）In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 60
(suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian.
2. (2025 全国一卷）“The players’ personalities (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are
exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
3.（2025 北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ________
(achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.
4.（2025 浙江1 月卷）The concept (be) certainly not new – men have been renting good suits for
decades – but for female shoppers, it is just taking off.
5.（2025 年天津3 月卷）Although it has been proved that Benjamin Franklin’s experiment took place, more than
one scientist________ what really happened.
A. has questioned
B. have questioned
C. was questioning
D. were questioning
6.（2024 新课标I 卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse (walk) visitors
through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to
Britain for the first time.
7.（2024 年天津3 月卷）The Smiths _________ the online shopping experience in China since they moved back
to New Zealand two years ago.
A. had been missing
B. were missing
C. have been missing
D. will be missing
8.（2024 年天津6 月卷）This online course _________, but you can still access and use the original version.
A. has updated
B. had updated
C. has been updated
D. had been updated
9.（2024 浙江1 月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in
packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
10.（2023 北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
11.（2022 北京卷）The use of those plastics
(increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
12.（2021 北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
13.（2022 全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in
2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
14.（2022 北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
15.（2021 北京卷）There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
名校模拟分类精炼（现在时态）
1．（25-26 高三上·黑龙江双鸭山·期中）This glass (break) easily, so please put a “Handle with Care”
sticker on the box before you mail it.
2．（25-26 高三·北京·三轮复习）The robot (have) a flexible, humanlike spine and artificial joints
that allow it to move like a human model.
3．（25-26 高一下·江苏南京·期中）The plane (take) off at 10:10, which means you need to hurry
because there’s only ten minutes left.
4．（25-26 高二下·全国·课后作业）In the east of the province (lie) the small town, whose scenery is
beautiful beyond description.
5．（25-26 高一下·全国·课后作业）It’s the first time that the most active volcano in the world, Mauna Loa in
Hawaii, (erupt) in almost 40 years.
6．（25-26 高三·北京·二轮复习）Each attempt brings small improvements and each failure (teach)
you different strategies.
7．（25-26 高三·北京·三轮复习）Here (be) some ways for you to fight against anger.
8．（2026 高三·北京·专题练习）Currently, many countries (take) measures to protect their online
systems.
9．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）Listen! The girl (play) the piano in the next room.
10．（24-25 高三·北京·一轮复习）So far, her efforts (transform) products like honey and crystal
noodles into popular online goods, creating new opportunities for local farmers.
11．（25-26 高三·全国·一轮复习）The Southern Sichuan Bamboo Sea in Yibin, which is home to the world’s
largest natural bamboo forest, (outline) its own development roadmap so far, emphasizing ecological
conservation alongside the revitalization of the bamboo culture.
12．（2026 高三上·全国·专题练习）Drawing on these natural advantages, Donglan (position) TCM
as a key foundation for development in recent years, adopting a strategy that combines ecological planting,
intensive processing, and cultural tourism focused on health preservation.
13．（25-26 高二下·江西南昌·期中）Believe it or not, it is the first time that his profound advice
(fail) to guide me through a dilemma.
14．（2026 高三上·北京·专题练习）Over the last half century, shark and ray (鳐) populations (drop)
by 71 percent.
15．（25-26 高三·全国·一轮复习）Recently, Zhujiajiao (improve) its natural environment through
ecological projects, making the water much clearer.
16．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）The number of private cars in major cities (increase) at an
alarming rate, which has led to severe traffic congestion and air pollution.
17．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）As soon as he (come) back, I’ll tell him the news.
18．（时态—考点专练（通用版））These days, our team (prepare) for the national English debating
competition which will be held next month.
19．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）With rich historical heritage, Beijing (be) an important center of
traditional Chinese culture since the Ming Dynasty.
20．（2026 高三上·全国·专题练习）The number of such sports businesses (see) a notable increase in
recent years, indicating a promising outlook in the industry.
重点语法写作升格（现在时）
1. (2026 全国一卷)与此同时，充足睡眠保障身体健康，让我们头脑灵敏。
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2026 全国一卷)说到大学生活，我心中重要程度排序依次是睡眠、社交、学习。
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2026 全国一卷)学习最为重要，它为我们储备专业知识，塑造未来。
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2026 全国一卷)其次是学习，这是大学的核心任务。这让我掌握专业技能，为今后的职业道路打下基础。
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2026 全国一卷)总而言之，社交是我大学生活的重心。平衡好三者，才能拥有充实的校园生活。
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2026 全国二卷)我写这封信，建议增添一些插图，让内容更吸引人。
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2026 全国二卷)为让这本文集更有吸引力，我写信提议在文章旁配上插图。
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2026 全国二卷)我深爱绘画，并且经常练习，相信自己很适合这份工作。
___________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2026 浙江1 月卷)近期我在校图书馆发现一个令人不安的现象。
___________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2026 浙江1 月卷)很多书籍被乱涂乱画、污损，更有甚者，一些书还被撕坏了。
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