专题01 动词不定式（知识清单）
目录导航
01 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系
02 考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点
考点一 动词不定式作主语
知识点1 动词不定式直接作主语
知识点2 “疑问词+不定式”作主语
知识点3 It 作形式主语，不定式作真正主语
考点二 动词不定式作宾语
知识点1 只接to do 作宾语的动词
知识点2 接to do/doing 意义不同的动词
考点三 动词不定式作补足语
知识点1 说服鼓励类动词接不定式作宾补
知识点2 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾补
知识点3 with 复合结构接不定式作宾补
知识点4 “据说据报道类”接不定式作补足语
考点四 动词不定式作定语
知识点1 序数词first 等后常接动词不定式作定语
知识点2 形容词最高级后常接动词不定式作定语
知识点3 effort 等名词后常接动词不定式作定语
考点五 动词不定式作状语
知识点1 动词不定式短语作目的状语
知识点2 动词不定式短语作结果状语
知识点3 动词不定式用于反射不定式
考点六 动词不定式作表语
知识点1 “主语+be+to do”句型
知识点2 主语含实义动词 do，表语不定式省略 to
考点七 动词不定式省略用法
知识点1 感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略不定式符号to
知识点2 某些特定句型中常省略不定式符号to，直接使用动词原形
知识点3 在一定上下文中，不定式可以省略，但保留不定式符号to
03 优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用
高考真题
名校模拟
写作升格
知识脑图·核心脉络搭建
考点深研·知能分层突破
考点一 动词不定式作主语
知识点1 动词不定式直接作主语
不定式（to +动词原形）直接置于句首作主语，表示
、
或将来的行为。
To carry forward traditional Chinese culture is every teenager's duty.
弘扬中华传统文化是每位青少年的职责。
To promote classic culture enriches people's spiritual inner world.
弘扬经典传统文化丰盈人们的精神内心世界。
知识点2 “疑问词+不定式”作主语
“疑问词(what, how…)+不定式”结构可作主语等，表达“如何做/做什么”等含义。
H ow to boost tech innovation
becomes our main task.
如何推动科技创新成为我们首要任务。
When and where to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
会议举办的时间和地点目前尚未确定。
知识点3 It 作形式主语，不定式作真正主语
1.当不定式作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作
，将真正的主语（不定式）置于
。常用于“It+be+形容词/名词(for/of sb)+to do sth.”或It takes sb time to do sth.句型。
It is a pity to miss such a wonderful lecture.
错过这么精彩的讲座很可惜。
It will take us a week to prepare for the coming exam.
我们要花一周时间准备即将到来的考试。
2.当形容词描述
（kind, clever, foolish 等）时，用of；当句中形容词
时用
for。
It is meaningful for teenagers to do volunteer work.
对青少年来说做志愿活动很有意义。
It is brave of him to save the stranger in danger.
他很勇敢，救下了身处险境的陌生人。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. 动词不定式作主语，谓语常用单数形式。
To
love
and
to be
loved
is the greatest happiness. 爱与被爱是最大的幸福。
2．该结构可以转化为It is+n./adj. + to do sth.。
To share innovative ideas with others is helpful.=It is helpful to share innovative ideas with others.
分享创新理念对大家很有帮助。
1.“疑问词+不定式”结构作主语谓语用
；
2.“疑问词+不定式”结构易错点在于结合语境选择合适的
。
1．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）It took scholars and experts over two decades ____________ (complete) this
ambitious project, which involved reproducing the world’s largest ancient encyclopedia.
2．（25-26 高三下·全国·课后作业）It is of great significance for students ____________ (develop) critical
thinking skills, as it helps them analyze problems independently in future study and work.
3．（25-26 高三下·江苏盐城·月考）It is essential for the figures ____________ (update) on a regular basis,
which is important for our research.
4.（25-26 高三下·江苏盐城·月考）When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown.
5. (2018 浙江卷) Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize
how cheap can be to eat out.
考点二 动词不定式作宾语
知识点1 只接to do 作宾语的动词
英语中有些动词后只能接不定式作宾语，这类动词需要重点记忆。
mecarfipshwod
（首字母谐音记忆）
manage 设法, expect 期待, choose 选择, afford 承受/ agree 答应/ attempt 试图, refuse 拒绝, fail 未能,
intend 打算, plan 计划/pretend 假装/promise 承诺, seem 好像, hope 希望hesitate 犹豫，wish 希望/want 想
要，offer 主动提出，decide 决定/desire 想要/determine 决心
We choose
to help
others and spread warmth around our daily life.
我们选择乐于助人，在生活中传递温暖。
We attempt
to try new things and explore the wonderful world outside.
我们努力尝试新事物，探索外面精彩的世界。
Do not hesitate
to lend
a hand when people around you are in trouble.
身边人遇困时，请毫不犹豫地伸出援手。
知识点2 接to do/doing 意义不同的动词
英语中有一些动词后接不定式和动名词时，意义差别较大，这类动词是语法中的重点和易错点。
forget to do
（未做）
forget doing
（已做）
She forgot to buy the ingredients for tonight’s dinner.她忘了买今晚晚餐要用的食材。
He forgot telling me the plan, so he explained it again.他忘了已经跟我说过这个计划，所以又解释了一遍。
remember to do
（未做）
remember doing
（已做）
Please remember to send the email to the teacher before class.上课前记得把邮件发给老师。
I still remember meeting you for the first time at the station. 我还记得第一次在车站见到你的情景。
frogshmt
（首字母谐音记忆）
forget 忘记, remember 记住/regret 后悔, go on 继续, stop 停止, can’t help 禁不住, mean 打算, try 试图
regret to do
（未做）
regret doing
（已做）
We regret to inform you that the flight has been cancelled. 我们很遗憾地通知您，本次航班已被取消。
I regret not taking your advice when I had the chance.我很后悔当初没有听你的建议。
go on to do
（对象变了）
go on doing
（对象不变）
She washed the clothes and went on to clean the living room.她洗完衣服，接着去打扫客厅。
Even though it rained, they went on planting trees in the yard.尽管下雨了，他们还是继续在院子里种树。
stop to do
（对象变了）
stop doing
（对象不变）
The driver stopped to let the old man cross the road safely. 司机停下来，让老人安全地过马路。
The doctor told him to stop smoking for the sake of his health.医生告诉他，为了健康要戒烟。
can’t help (to) do
can’t help doing
He can’t help to carry your box; his hands are full. 他没法帮你搬箱子，他手里已经拿满东西了。
I can’t help laughing when I hear the funny story.听到这个有趣的故事，我忍不住笑了。
mean to do
（未做）
mean doing
（解释作用）
He didn’t mean to hurt your feelings at all. 他根本不是故意要伤害你的感情。
Keeping healthy means having a good habit of life. 保持健康意味着拥有良好的生活习惯。
try to do
（不一定成功）
try doing
（强调尝试和行动）
We tried to calm him down, but he was still angry. 我们尽力安抚他，但他还是很生气。
Try listening to music when you feel stressed. 压力大的时候，试着听听音乐。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I remember 62 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a
rollercoaster.
2. (2006 湖南)If you think that treating a woman well means always ________(get) her permission for things, think
again.
3. (2018 天津) I didn’t mean __________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help
__________(try) it.
4. (2018 浙江) I still remember __________(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when
I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
5. (2012 安徽) I remembered _________(lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
6. (2015 四川)--Look! The window is open. --I’m sorry. I forgot ____________ (close) it.
7. (2008 湖南) Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _________(live) alone, but she didn’t like
it and moved back home.
8. (2015 陕西) After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on __________(thank)
all the people who had helped in her career.
9. (1995 全国)---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---Well, now I regret __________(do) that.
10. (1996 上海) While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____________ (persuade) into buying something
they don’t really need.
考点三 动词不定式作补足语
知识点1 说服鼓励类动词接不定式作宾补
1.persuade, encourage, expect, remind, expect 等动词通常接 “宾语+不定式（to do）” 结构作宾语
补足语。
Parents should encourage
children
to face
difficulties bravely. 父母应该鼓励孩子勇敢面对困难。
He reminded
me
to lock
the door before leaving. 他提醒我离开前锁好门。
2.上述结构的否定形式是在
，如persuade sb not to do。
Doctors warn
people
not
to stay
up for a long time. 医生告诫大家不要长期熬夜。
She told
the
kids
not
to touch
the dangerous equipment. 她告诉孩子们不要触碰危险设备。
知识点2 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾补
观感使役类动词接不定式作宾语补足语
，但在被动语态中
。
The sudden heavy rain made
all
the
visitors
stay
inside the museum.
突如其来的大雨让所有游客都留在了博物馆里。
We heard
an
old
musician
play
the piano beautifully in the corner of the hall.
我们听见一位老乐手在大厅的角落弹奏优美的钢琴曲。
（汉语谐音记忆）
notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel
知识点3 with 复合结构接不定式作宾补
“with+名词+不定式” 结构中，不定式表示一个
、
动作，强调将要发生的行为。
With
several
letters
to write
, she decided to stay at home the whole afternoon.
还有几封信要写，她决定一下午都待在家里。
With
three
meals
to cook
every
da
y, my mother always gets up earlier than everyone else.
每天还要准备三餐，妈妈总是比所有人起得都早。
知识点4 “据说据报道类”接不定式作补足语
在“be said/believed/reported/known to do”结构中，不定式短语本质上是对主语的动作或状态进行补
充说明，相当于“主语被认为/据说/据报道/众所周知要做某事”，此处不定式承担主语补足语的功能
（因句子为被动语态。
This kind of plant is believed to have special medical value.
人们认为这种植物具备特殊的药用价值。
My head teacher is known to treat every student equally and patiently.
1. 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾语补足语省略不定式符号to，但在被动语态中to 应加上。
Those workers were
made
to work
for more than ten hours every day.
那些工人被迫每天工作十多个小时。
2.对比：观感使役类动词接现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示一个
、
动作；接
过去分词短语表示一个
。
I felt
my
heart
beating
fast when standing on the stage. 站在舞台上时，我感觉自己的心在怦怦直跳。
He got
his
clothes
washed
before going out this morning. 今早出门前，他把自己的衣服都拿去洗好了。
1.上述结构省略介词with 构成独立主格结构，不定式用法不变。
Many
customers
to receive
, the shop assistants are kept busy all day long.
还有许多顾客要接待，店员们一整天都忙个不停。
2.with sth done 表示宾语和宾语补足语之间
；with sb doing 表示宾语和宾补之间
。
With
all
tasks
finished
ahead
of
time
, we decided to go for a walk in the park.
所有任务都提前完成了，我们决定去公园散散步。
With
his
hands
trembling
slightly
, the old man told us his unforgettable experience.
老人双手微微颤抖，向我们讲述着他难忘的经历。
众所周知，班主任对待每一位学生都公平且有耐心。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. He came late, so he was made ____________(stand) outside the classroom for ten minutes.
2. The result of the competition wasn’t made __________(know) to the public until ten days later.
3. (2020 浙江1 月卷)The median ( 中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30—today it is 41 and is
expected____________(increase) to 42 by 2050.
4. Energy drinks are not allowed ____________(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.
5. They are required ______________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other
bodily functions.
6. Robert is said _____________(study) abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.
7. Police are searching for a woman who is reported to _____________(miss) since the flood hit the area.
8．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习） “The younger generation wants new expressions to present our culture,”
said Xiong, adding the company aims to enable more people (accept), experience, and dig into the
stories behind them by integrating Chinese culture into product design.
9 ．（25-26 高三· 全国· 二轮复习）As the bar chart shows, with so many environmental problems
(solve), governments and citizens need to work together more closely than ever.
10．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）The term is thought (use) firstly in 16th century England to describe
dough balls dropped in liquid.
考点四 动词不定式作定语
知识点1 序数词first 等后常接动词不定式作定语
当序数词（如 first, second, third, last 等）修饰名词时，其后常接动词不定式（to do）作定语，用
来修饰该名词。这种结构不定式与被修饰的名词构成“
”或“
”，即名词是不
“be said/believed/reported/known to do”结构中动词不定式结合语境还需要考虑使用
、
、甚至
。
The valuable relic is believed
to be
kept
in a secret museum room.
人们认为这件珍贵文物被收藏在博物馆的隐秘展厅中。
The rescue team is reported
to be
searching
for survivors in the mountain area.
据报道，救援队此刻正在山区搜寻幸存者。
He is said
to have
travelled
to more than twenty countries in the past ten years.
据说在过去十年里，他已经游历了二十多个国家。
定式动作的执行者或承受者。
She is the
second
person
to volunteer
for the rural teaching program in our school.
她是我校第二位报名参加乡村支教项目的人。
The
last
task
to finish
is to sort out all the useful information.
最后一项要完成的任务是整理所有有用的资料。
知识点2 形容词最高级后常接动词不定式作定语
形容词最高级（如 the tallest, the most important 等）后常接动词不定式（to do）作定语，用于修
饰其后面的名词。这种结构通常表示“最适合做某事”“最值得做某事”或“最有能力做某事”等含
义。
He is the
bravest
student
to face
difficulties bravely in our class.
他是我们班里最敢于直面困难的学生。
That was the
hardest
decision
to make
during my growing-up years.
那是我成长过程中最难做出的一个决定。
知识点3 effort 等名词后常接动词不定式作定语
某些抽象名词（如decision, wish, chance/opportunity, promise, plan, time, attempt, effort, right, ability,
patience 等）后常接动词不定式（to do）作定语，用来具体说明该名词所指代的“内容”“目的”或
“相关动作”。
She has a strong wish
to travel
around the world when she grows up.
她心中有个强烈的愿望，长大后环游世界。
Reading widely can develop your ability
to understand
and
analyze
problems.
广泛阅读能够培养你理解和分析问题的能力。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1 ．（25-26 高三下· 北京· 二轮复习）Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability
__________ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges.
2．（25-26 高三·全国·课后作业）At the time, the subway station was simply a proposal __________ (extend)
Frankfurt’s subway system.
3 ．（25-26 高三· 全国· 二轮复习）Yet, I believe I will always miss China when the time comes for me
__________ (leave) the country.
4．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）China has introduced a national childcare subsidy(补贴) system starting this
year, as part of efforts __________ (improve) the childbirth support system and promote high-quality population
development, the country’s top health official said on Thursday.
5．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）Professor Wang Jianxin of Shaanxi’s Northwest University, who is the first
1.不定式作定语，有时需要考虑被动形式to be done 表示一个
、
动作。
We still have plenty of meaningful things to do
in the coming holiday.
在即将到来的假期里，我们还有不少有意义的事要做。
Lots of important details to be checked lie on the manager’s desk.
许多待核查的重要资料都摆在经理的办公桌上。
2.有时候出现for sb to do sth.句式，for 短语是不定式的逻辑主语。
It is a precious chance for us to experience different local cultures.
这是我们体验多样地域文化的宝贵机会。
This is a perfect platform for young students to show their real talent.
这是青年学子展现自身才华的绝佳平台。
3.对比：-ing 短语作定语表示一个
、
动作；-being done 短语作定语表示一个
、
动作；-ed 短语作定语表示一个
、
动作。
The birds flying above the lake bring us much joy and relaxation.
湖面上方飞翔的鸟儿为我们带来诸多欢乐与惬意。
The new library being built nearby will open to us next term.
附近正在修建的新图书馆将于下学期对我们开放。
The bridge built ten years ago connects the two small villages well.
十年前建成的这座桥顺畅地连通着两个小村庄。
Chinese scholar __________ (conduct) archaeological investigation in Central Asia, finally discovered the remains
of the Yuezhi Culture and the Kangju Kingdom, making important contributions to archaeological studies along the
Silk Road.
6．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）Minimal use of props (道具) can be seen as another move __________
(reduce) carbon emissions while it didn’t lessen the performance’s charm at all.
7．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）The extreme temperatures have led to lower harvests and restricted Europe’s
ability __________ (create) its own energy supply.
8．（25-26 高三·江西新余·开学考试）He stood up in defence of the old lady, saying she was not the one
__________ (blame).
9 ．（26-27 高三上· 全国· 课后作业）What’s more important, we should seize every opportunity
__________ (educate) everyone about global warming.
10．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）It is hoped that this project __________ (accomplish) by the end of 2027 will
be a popular tourist attraction of the city.
考点五 动词不定式作状语
知识点1 动词不定式短语作目的状语
1.to do 短语作目的状语，可位于
，意为“为了……”。
To
keep
healthy
, many people choose to take exercise in their spare time.
为了保持健康，很多人选择在业余时间锻炼身体。
2.so as to do 短语作目的状语，只能位于
，意为“为了……”。
Please speak slowly so
as
to make
yourself understood clearly.
请放慢语速，好让大家能听清你的话。
3.in order to do 短语作目的状语，可位于
或
，意为“为了……”。
They saved money for months in order
to travel
around the country.
他们攒了好几个月的钱，就为了环游全国。
1.动词不定式作状语，根据语境还可能用
--not to do。
We took a different route so
as
not
to meet
the heavy traffic on the main road.
我们改走别的路线，避开主干道的拥堵。
2.动词不定式作状语，根据语境还可能用
--to be done。
All the documents are sorted out carefully in order
to be
checked
by the manager.
所有文件都仔细整理好了，等待经理审核。
3. 注意不定式短语作目的状语位于句末，前边不能有
。
He runs every morning to keep
healthy
and
full
of
energy
.
他每天晨跑，以此保持健康、精力充沛。
知识点2 动词不定式短语作结果状语
1.only to do 短语位于句末，表示
，有时还需要用
形式。
She raised her hand to answer the question, only
to be
ignored
by the teacher.
她举手想要回答问题，结果老师并没有注意到她。
He volunteered to offer help, only
to be
politely
turned
down by others.
他主动上前帮忙，却遭到了对方婉言谢绝。
2.too…to do…短语表示“太……不能”，不定式作结果状语。
The box is too
heavy
for
the
little
boy
to carry
alone.
这个箱子太重，小男孩一个人搬不动。
The problem is too
difficult
for
most
beginners
to work
out in a short time.
这道题难度太大，多数初学者没法短时间内解出来。
3.形容词/副词+enough to do 短语表示“
”。
He is old enough to take care of himself when his parents are away.
他年纪已足够大，父母不在时能够照顾自己。
The hall is big enough to hold more than five hundred people at the same time.
这个大厅空间充足，可同时容纳五百多人。
4.so…as to do, such…as to do 短语表示“
”，不定式作结果状语。
He was so excited as to jump up from his seat when hearing the good news.
听到喜讯，他激动得从座位上跳了起来。
It was such a touching story as to make every listener moved deeply.
这个故事格外感人，让每位听者都深受触动。
知识点3 动词不定式用于反射不定式
“be+形容词+to do” 结构被称为反射不定式，不定式“
”的特点。形容词描述
主语的特征或性质，不定式虽然是主动形式，但主语实际上是不定式动作的承受者。
The poem is beautiful to recite in class meetings.这首诗在班会上朗诵起来十分优美。
1.never too…to… 越…… 越好；再…… 也不为过。
You are never
too
careful
to do
such important work.
做这类重要工作，再细心也不为过。
2.too…not to… 非常…… 必定会……（肯定含义）。
She is too
smart
not
to realize
the meaning behind his words.
她十分聪慧，肯定能领会他话里的深意。
This practical skill is tricky to master within a short time.这项实用技能短时间内很难掌握。
This soft chair is comfortable to sit on all day long. 这把软椅子整日坐起来都很舒服。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．（25-26 高三·北京·三轮复习） (ease) his pain, she reached for a small jar containing a thick paste
— a mixture made from Angelica sinensis.
2．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习） (celebrate) the anniversary, the PLAAF released a microfilm named
Dreaming Far, showcasing a three-aircraft formation of the Xuanlong-08 drone and two manned fighter jets (J-16
and J-20).
3．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）Why would we, as a society, put so much time and effort into constructing
buildings that keep nature out, only (keep) bringing bits of it inside them constantly?
4．（25-26 高三·上海·三轮复习）Reaching this ice-covered world was not easy. Many had tried before them,
only____________ (force) back by terrible conditions.
5．（25-26 高三·全国·课后作业）Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses,
but I’m old-fashioned enough (prefer) a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.
6．（25-26 高三·全国·一轮复习）I am very proud and excited (display) the traditional Chinese musical
instrument in Cuba and communicate with local musicians.
7．（25-26 高三·江苏镇江·开学考试）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home.
They are easy (care) for and make great presents.
8. （25-26 高三·河南郑州·开学考试）_____________(accept) as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at
least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.
9. （25-26 高三·河北唐山·开学考试）I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good
_________ (breathe).
10. (2019 全国I 卷) Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the
mid-1980s, and are expensive __________ (perform) consistently over a large area.
考点六 动词不定式作表语
知识点1 “主语+be+to do”句型
不定式（to do）作表语时，通常位于系动词（如 be, seem, appear, become, remain 等）之后，用以
说明主语的内容、性质、目的、身份或未来的动作。
What I need now is to have a good rest. 我现在需要的是好好休息一下。
The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the new policy. 这次会议的目的是讨论新政策。
The plan appears to be practical. 这个计划似乎是可行的。
知识点2 主语含实义动词 do，表语不定式省略 to
当句子的主语部分含有实义动词 do（包括各种形式：do, does, did, doing, done）时，作表语的不定
式（to do）通常可以省略不定式符号 to，直接用动词原形。
What he does in his spare time is (to)
read
storybooks
.
他空闲时做的事就是读故事书。
The only thing they did that day was (to)
look
after
the
sick
animals
.
那天他们唯一做的事就是照料生病的动物。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）The ultimate goal of the research project is (explore) new energy
sources that are environmentally friendly and sustainable.
2．（25-26 高三下·全国·课后作业）In the evening the only thing he did was (read) newspapers.
3．（25-26 高三·全国·课后作业）The latest information confirms my belief that he is (blame) for
the accident.
4．（25-26 高三·全国·课后作业）The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, (not make) it
more difficult.
5．（25-26 高三·江苏扬州·期中）Still, practical problems remain (solve), such as ensuring the trips
are safe as many taxis will be flown without pilots.
考点七 动词不定式省略用法
知识点1 观感使役类动词省略to
感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略不定式符号to。
The teacher watched
the
students
play
games on the playground.
老师看着学生们在操场上做游戏。
We observed
the
craftsman
make
delicate handicrafts with his own hands.
我们观察手艺人亲手制作精巧的手工艺品。
知识点2 省略不定式to 的固定句型
某些特定句型中常省略不定式符号to，直接使用动词原形。
may as well do sth 最好还是做……
had better do 最好做某事
do nothing but do sth 别无选择只好做某事
can’t help but do sth. 禁不住做某事
Why not do sth? 何不做某事？
prefer to do…rather than do sth, 宁愿做……而不愿做……
would rather do…than do… 宁愿做……而不愿做……
We may as well set off now so that we can reach the station on time.我们最好现在出发，这样才能准时赶到车
站。
You had better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain soon.你最好带上雨伞，因为马上就要下雨了。
Why not join us in the activity and enjoy the beautiful scenery?何不加入我们的活动，一同欣赏美景呢？
Most students prefer to study hard rather than waste time on useless games.
多数学生宁愿刻苦学习，也不愿把时间浪费在无益的游戏上。
I would rather stick to my dream than give it up easily in face of difficulty.
面对困难，我宁愿坚守梦想也不愿轻易放弃。
Everyone can’t help but admire her courage when hearing her experience.
听闻她的经历，所有人都忍不住心生敬佩。
We can't choose but accept the result after careful consideration. 深思熟虑后，我们只得接受这个结果。
知识点3 保留不定式to 的省略用法
在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。注意不定式后
面是动词be 时，be 应保留。
They invited me to attend the party, but I didn’t want to. 他们邀我参加派对，可我并不想去。
She hopes to be kind to others and always tries to be. 她立志待人友善，并且始终努力践行。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The young girl was observed ________________(enter) the office silently.
2. Rather than ______(ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers _______(ride) a bicycle.
3. As we all know, China is no longer the country it used __________(be).
优题精练·专题实战通关
高考真题分类精炼（动词不定式）
考向1 考查动词不定式短语作目的状语，多放在句首，后边多用逗号
1.（2025 天津3 月卷改编）____________(impress) the audience, the speaker prepared a detailed and engaging
presentation.
2.（2025 八省联考卷）The goal was two-fold: (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote
the equal use of all six tongues.
3.（2024 新课标I 卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These
sepals open on warm days (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
4.（2024 九省联考卷）He knows that computers are here (stay) and that they will not disappear.
5.（2024 浙江1 月卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However,
if you’re shopping for one, buying extra (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
6.（2023 全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to
pass on wisdom.
7.（2022 新课标I 卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously
unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority __________
(increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
8.（2022 新课标II 卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto
the balcony, and climbed up __________ (see) them.
9.（2022 全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of
public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have
thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
10.（2021 新课标II 卷）I decided to do something __________ (educate) people about this problem.
11.（2021 浙江卷）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over __________ (plant) flowers in the front
yard.
12.（2020 全国I 卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 __________ (find)
and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
13.（2020 全国III 卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out __________ (find) the well-known painter.
14.(2020· 浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology __________
(change) lives.
考向2 考查动词不定式短语作定语
15.（2025 全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying
me the chance (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after
sunning clothes for an entire day.
16.（2025 浙江I 月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women (rent) rather than purchase
them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.
17（2024 天津3 月卷）From the first explorers to today's travelers, humans have always had a desire _________
(discover) new places.
18.（2022 全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first
step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
19.（2022 北京卷）As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an
intention __________ (harm) her, Helen started to run.
20.（2021 北京卷）Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need
(invest) in disaster prevention.
21. (2019· 全国II 卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans
__________(retire) from her 36-year-old business.
考向3 考查动词不定式短语作主语
22.（2021 全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
23.（2020 北京卷）It takes them hundreds of years __________ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the
ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins.
考向4 考查动词不定式短语作宾语
24.（2025 全国一卷）We hope (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context,
and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.
25.（2024 全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend
___________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
26.（2023 新课标I 卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing
the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on
your tongue.
27.（2023 新课标I 卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___________
(lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
28.（2022 新课标II 卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________to thank him.”
29. （2022 浙江1 月卷）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans
__________ (continue) the practice.
30.（2021 全国乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of
its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking ( 远足) and accommodations aim
__________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
考点5 考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语或状语
31. （2026 浙江1 月卷）There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave ( 微波炉)
__________ (finish) heating, but my mum did it.
32. （2024 新课标II 卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said
Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___________ (find) the
connection between the two great writers.
33.（2022 浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do).
34.（2020 浙江1 月卷）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位
数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected __________ (increase)to 42 by 2050.
考点6 考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义
35.（2020 全国II 卷）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are
easy__________ (care) for and make great presents.
名校模拟分类精炼（动词不定式）
1．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）He pretended (read) when the teacher came in.
2．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）The entire process, highly dependent on local climate and water quality, can
take more than two years (finish).
3．（25-26 高三·北京·二轮复习）Every day, I make it a point (visit) her and bring along a bunch of
flowers.
4．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）They prefer using bright colors, such as bright red, bright green and yellow and
so on, and tend (bring) the contrast between them into such clear relief that will give a vividness and
bouncing visual effect.
5．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）One promising method is to use extra energy from renewable sources. For
example, data centers can be programmed (perform) energy-intensive tasks when solar or wind power is
most available.
6．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）In large scenes or landscapes, your eyes are meant (travel) along a
visual path from one area to another.
7．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）This grand mission was intended (strengthen) China’s capacity in
surveying deep-sea environments and increased the nation’s global influence in this field.
8．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）It remains (see) whether my mother will recover from such a serious
illness.
9．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）The flu is believed (cause) by viruses that like to reproduce very
quickly.
10．（25-26 高二上·吉林长春·期中）I have no alternative but (ask) him for an appropriate way to
solve the problem.
11．（25-26 高三下·全国·课后作业）The government encourages local communities (participate) in
cultural heritage preservation through training programs.
12．（25-26 高三上·福建厦门·期中）He pretended (finish) his homework when his mother checked, but
the blank pages gave him away.
13．（2025 高三·全国·专题练习）His works are reported (translate) into 20 languages in the past
decade.
14．（2025 高三·全国·专题练习）Mr Li is said (study) abroad. But I don’t know which country he
is studying in.
15．（25-26 高三·北京·三轮复习） (ensure) safety during the journey, specially designed equipment
will be used for separate pet transport.
16．（25-26 高三下·北京·二轮复习）A tech company created a screen-free smartphone that allows kids
(chat) with loved ones without the distractions of a touchscreen.
17．（25-26 高三下·北京·二轮复习）Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability _________
(tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges.
18．（2026 高三上·河南鹤壁·专题练习） (show) our great concern about the disabled, the Student’s
English club will organize an activity with the theme “What can we do for the disabled”.
19．（25-26 高三·北京·二轮复习）The essence of learning is extreme repetition and persistence until you
become experienced through practice, skilled enough (apply) what you gain and eventually form muscle
memory.
20．（25-26 高三下·全国·课前预习）He hurried to the station, only (inform) that the train had left.
21．（25-26 高三上·广东·期中）Can you give me some advice? I find it difficult (motivate) my
workers to work more efficiently.
22．（2025 高三上·全国·专题练习）Group leader’s duty is (ensure) that all pupils in his group
understand and practice what the teacher has taught.
23．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）Tourism and Hospitality Minister Louise Upston said that smoother, more
seamless travel will encourage more Chinese tourists (regard) New Zealand as part of their next
holiday.
24．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）Duan Xiaoming, head of the Hunan Museum, said the return will enable the
Hunan Museum (integrate) the returned volumes with its existing collection.
25 ．（25-26 高三· 全国· 二轮复习）As the bar chart shows, with so many environmental problems
(solve), governments and citizens need to work together more closely than ever.
26．（2025 高三上·全国·专题练习）All students are required (bring) reusable lunch boxes and water
bottles for the eco-friendly picnic.
27．（2026 高三上·北京·专题练习）We all know we should exercise more, but the biggest barrier for many is
feeling like we just don’t have an hour (spare).
28．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）With a target (restore) 2.34 million hectares of degraded land by
2030, this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote regional sustainable development.
29．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）She sees her “relic makeup” as the perfect way (integrate) her
artistic skills with her passion for culture.
30．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）Dr. Goodall was the first scientist (explain) to the world that
chimpanzee mothers are capable of giving birth only once every four and a half to six years.
31．（25-26 高三上·全国·课后作业）All the audience were waiting for the final result of the competition
_________ (announce).
32．（25-26 高三·上海·专题练习）But it was almost impossible to decide where (look) because there
are so many small islands and the ocean is so large.
33．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）When and where (hold) the next international conference on climate
change has not been decided yet by the organizing committee.
34．（25-26 高三下·全国·课后作业）So pessimistic was my classmate that he had no idea to release
his tremendous pressure.
35．（25-26 高三下·全国·课后作业）I learned a lot about how (extend) the life of objects and
transform them into something new and useful.
重点语法写作升格（动词不定式）
1. (2026 浙江1 月)我们好不容易把牛拴在树上后，便开始商量该怎么处置它。(manage)
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2025 全国一卷)令我宽慰的是，我哥哥次日回了电话，我们商定近期碰面。(agree)
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2025 全国二卷)在一次课堂研讨中，老师请我阐释自己名字的寓意。(invite)
____________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2024 新课标I 卷) 1.通过几个快捷动作，他很快就转移了一些资金来支付车费。(manage)
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2024 新课标I 卷)我鼓起勇气，承诺四天后付清车费和一些额外的小费。(promise)
____________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2024 新课标I 卷) 有像冈特这样一个心地善良的朋友，我感到很幸运。(bless)
____________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2024 浙江1 月)她刚一回到迷乱的迷宫，就开始探索一楼。(set out)
____________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2023 新高考I)直到我参加了颁奖典礼并拿到了证书，我还是觉得很难相信。(find it)
____________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2023 新高考I)我紧紧地拥抱着他，无法表达他对我的信任有多重要。(unable)
____________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2023 浙江1 月)我花了一下午的时间探索农场，希望能一睹这只小鸟的风采。(hope)
____________________________________________________________________________________
