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Unit6 语法篇
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1.熟练掌握简单句的基本句型
简单句的基本句型
英语句子由主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语或状语等组成。一个句子如果只有一
个主语和一个谓语，我们称之为简单句。即使有两个主语或两个谓语，只要是并列主语或并列谓语，
也仍然是简单句。常见的简单句的基本句型是：
(1) S+V（主＋谓），简称“主谓”
主语+不及物动词(不及物动词后不能带宾语)
Tom is playing.
主语 谓语
(2) S+V+P（主＋系＋表），简称“主系表”
主语+连系动词+表语
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
主语 连系动词 表 语
(3) S+V+O（主＋谓＋宾），简称“主谓宾”
主语+及物动词+宾语(及物动词后必须带宾语)
He is reading an interesting
story book.
主语 谓语 宾 语
(4) S+V+IO+DO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾），简称“主谓双宾”
主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。
She gave
me
a new pen.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
注意：两个宾语的位置可以改变。如果直接宾语在前，间接宾语要加介词to、for 等。通常用
于这种句型的动词有：give, hand, read, show, tell, throw, wish, buy, do, make, ask, leave 等。
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如：She gave a new pen to me.
He bought some bananas for us.
(5) S+V+O+C（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补），简称“主谓宾宾补”
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
We call the girl Lily. (名词作宾语补足语)
主语 谓语 宾语 宾补
(6)There be +主语（+状语），即there be 句型。
There is a picture on the wall.
there be 句型中，be 的单复数由后面的主语决定。当有两个或以上的主语时，坚持“就近原
则”。
单项选择
1.（2014 贵州黔西南）Tom’s mother told him
eating too much meat .
A. stopping
B. to stop
C. stops
D. stopped
2.（北京中考）There
many trees in front of my house now .
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
3.（2015 江苏扬州中考）--- What should we take when going birdwatching ?
---We should take a pair of binoculars the birds clearly .
A. see
B. seeing
C. to see D. sees
4.（2015 山东济南历下期末）We live in a quiet and beautiful neighborhood .The environment of the
neighborhood made us
safe and comfortable .
A. feel
B. to feel
C. feels
D. felt
5.（2013 山东青岛中考）---How much is the ticket to Central Park ?
---A one-way ticket ＄40, and you can another ＄20 for a round trip.
A. costs ; pay
B. cost ; spend
C. pay ; spend
D. spends ; pay
6. David asked me
for him at the bus station.
A. wait
B. waiting
C. to wait
D. waited
7.（2014 河北石家庄期末）Mr. Brown told us an interesting story yesterday. It made all of us .
A. laugh
B. to laugh
C. laughed
D. laughing
解析及答案：
1. tell sb. to do sth. 意为“告诉某人做某事”，故选B。
2. 本句是there be 句型，be 在数上应与后面的主语保持一致。 trees 是复数， be 动词应用复数形
式，排除A 和C。再由now 可知，本句是一般现在时，故选B。
3. 句意：为了清楚地观察那些鸟，我们应该拿一副双筒望远镜。本题中动词不定式短语to see the
birds clearly 作目的状语。故选C。
4. 句意：我们居住在一个安静、美丽的居民区。居民区的环境使我们觉得安全、舒适。根据make
sb. do sth.可知，故选A。
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5. 句中主语是a one-way ticket,故第一空要用costs；又因第二空的主语是人，且介词是 for，故要用
pay。故选A。
6. 根据ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”可知答案为C。
7. 句意：布朗先生昨天给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。它使我们所有的人都笑了。根据make sb. do
sth.可知答案为A。
基础演练
一、句子结构题
连词成句，并说明句子属于哪种结构。
A. 主语+谓语+状语
B. 主语+谓语+宾语+状语
C. 主语+系动词+表语+状语
D. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语+状语
E. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语+状语
F. there + be +主语+状语
1. excited, way, the, me, my, news, home, made, on, happy (.)
2. students, a, last, brought, Old Henry, the, week, storybook (.)
3. every, students, at, the, school, day, study (.)
4. many, are, playground, in, students, the, there (.)
5. wrote, my, yesterday, diary, sister, a (.)
6. gets, and, warmer, the, weather, warmer (.)
答案：
1. The happy news made me excited on my way home. E
2. Old Henry brought the students a storybook last week. D
3. The students study at school every day. A
4. There are many students in the playground. F
5. My sister wrote a diary yesterday. B
6. The weather gets warmer and warmer. C
巩固提高
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二、按要求转换句型
1. Da Ming has known the real truth of the matter. (对划线部分提问)
has known the real truth of the matter?
2. I collect toys because they are beautiful. (对划线部分提问)
you collect toys?
3. Lucy usually cleans the cage every two days. (对划线部分提问)
Lucy usually clean the cage?
4.The two skirts are different in colour.（保持句意基本不变）
This skirt isn’t the colour that one.
5.The models in the World Park are wonderful.（改成感叹句）
the models in the World Park are!
6.We can learn from books. We can also learn on the Internet.（连成一句）
We can learn from books and on the Internet .
7.No one in the class runs faster than Jack. （保持句意基本不变）
Jack runs in the class.
答案：
1. Which child
2. Why do
3. How often does
4. same, as
5. How wonderful
6. as well
7. the fastest
三、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)
1. 她明亮微笑的双眼令她看起来真的很漂亮。
Her bright, smiling eyes
her
pretty.
2. 中国的老师工作很努力。
Teachers in China
.
3. 我已经寄给了他一些DVD。
I
some DVDs.
4. 妈妈告诉我不要玩太多电脑游戏。
Mom tells me
computer games too much.
5. 在银行的对面有一家旅馆。
a hotel
the bank.
答案：
1. make/ made; look really
2. work hard
3. have sent him
4. not to play
5. There is; across from
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一、单项选择
1. It sounds
to use "Could you..." than "Can you...".
A.
polite
B.
politely
C.
more polite
D.
more politely
2. This kind of dress looks
and sells
A.
good; good
B.
well; well
C.
good; well
D.
well; good
3. The magazine
once a month.
A.
comes on
B.
comes out
C.
comes up
D.
comes up with
4. --- Do you know the boy over there?
--- Sure. I
him for years.
A.
knew
B.
will know
C.
have known
D.
had known
5. Could you please
?
A.
buy a ruler to me
B.
buy a ruler with me
C.
buy me a ruler
D.
buy me for a ruler
6. The good news will
.
A.
make you happy
B.
make you happily
C.
make you be happy
D.
make happy to you
7. --- Please tell the boys
any noise. My baby is sleeping.
--- OK. I'll do it at once.
A.
not make
B.
to make
C.
not to make
D.
making
8. Our teacher expects all of us
happy and independent children.
A.
to being
B.
to be
C.
be
D.
being
9. --- Have you got some water to drink?
--- Here you are. There
still some in the bottle.
A.
are
B.
has
C.
is
D.
have
10. Since then there
great changes in our country.
A.
have been
B.
has been
C.
were
D.
would be
答案：1-5 CCBCC
6-10 ACBCA
二、完形填空
From Monday to Friday most people are busy working or studying, but in the evenings and on
weekends they are free and enjoy themselves. Some watch television or go to the movies, others take part
in sports. This is 1
by their own interests.
There are many different ways to spend our 2
time. Almost everyone has some kind of
3
. It may be something from 4
stamps to making model planes. Some hobbies
are very 5
, but others don't cost anything at all. Some collections are worth 6
of money, others are valuable only to their owners. I know a man who has a coin collection worth several
thousand dollars. A short time ago he bought a fifty-cent piece which 7
him 250 dollars. He
was very happy about his collection and thought the price was all right. I know another man who likes
collecting match boxes. He has almost 600 of them, but I wonder if they are worth any money. However, to
6
him they are quite valuable. 8
makes him happier than finding a new match box for his
collection.
That's 9
a hobby means, I think. It is something we like to do in our free time just for
the fun of it. The value in dollars is not important, 10
the pleasure it gives us is.
1.
A.
decide
B.
decided
C.
depend
D.
depended
2.
A.
work
B.
free
C.
busy
D.
sports
3.
A.
hobby
B.
thing
C.
job
D.
way
4.
A.
buying
B.
selling
C.
making
D.
collecting
5.
A.
interesting
B.
exciting
C.
cheap
D.
expensive
6.
A.
a little
B.
a few
C.
a lot
D.
a number
7.
A.
paid
B.
cost
C.
took
D.
spent
8.
A.
Everything
B.
Anything
C.
Nothing
D.
Something
9.
A.
where
B.
how
C.
what
D.
why
10.
A.
so
B.
but
C.
because
D.
as
答案：1-5 BBADD
6-10 CBCCB
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阅读理解
A（山西农业大学附属中学2014 年5 月测试）
People live a very busy life now, so they have little free time. Still they try their best to make use of
their free time. Then a hobby is a favorite enjoyment of a person.
Hobbies are different from tastes. People choose their hobbies according to their tastes. Someone likes
watching TV, lying on a sofa, while someone likes climbing the mountains.
If you have chosen a hobby to your liking, you are lucky. You have made your life more interesting.
Though there are many different hobbies：reading, collecting, playing sports, travelling and others, many
people have nothing to do when they are free.
If a person collects something, he does it according to how much money he has. Someone collects cars
or pictures of world-known painters, while someone collects beer cans(罐) or stamps. Any collection gives
people enjoyment.
1．People live a life now, so they have little free time.
A、busy
B、free
C、happy
2．How do people choose their hobby?
A、They choose their hobbies according to the time.
B、They choose their hobbies according to the weather.
C、They choose their hobbies according to their tastes.
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3．What kind of hobbies don’t mention in the passage?
A、Collecting.
B、Riding.
C、Traveling.
4．You made you life if you have chosen a hobby to your liking.
A、more interesting
B、more exciting
C、much busier
5．What does the writer mean according to the passage?
A、Money is important to any hobby.
B、Any hobby can give people enjoyment.
C、People can live better without a hobby.
B
Do you want to collect stamps? Getting started on a new stamp collection can be fun. There are a
number of ways to start getting stamps.
First, be sure to ask your family and friends to save the stamps they get. They can just save the whole
envelope for you or they can cut out the stamp part for you. Be sure to have them cut all the way around the
stamp so they don't bend or cut the stamp. Also, ask them if they have any old letters in the envelopes.
These can be some of the most interesting stamps you' ll come across.
You can also jump start your collection by buying stamps. You can also get a catalogue of stamps.
By looking through the catalogue, you can start to see what kinds of stamps you like and would like to
collect. Your tastes may change over time, but some people like to collect stamps from some countries or
animal stamps, famous people stamps, etc. One of the cool things about stamps is that there are so many
types and ways to collect them. You can find your own favorites and collect those.
Next you will need a place to keep your stamps. Stock Books hold stock sheets. Each stock sheet has a
plastic cover. It holds the stamp in place. You can see the stamps, and move them around easily. Stamp
Albums are usually preprinted(预印的). So you put the stamp on its preprinted area. There is often
information about the stamp on the page.
6. What does the writer think of starting to collect stamps?
A.
Difficult.
B.
Interesting.
C.
Boring.
D.
Expensive.
7. The first way of starting getting stamps is
.
A.
buying stamps
B.
cutting out the stamps from envelopes
C.
asking your family and friends for stamps
D.
making stamps by yourselves
8. The underlined word "catalogue" in the passage probably means
.
A.
系列
B.
目录
C.
相册
D.
封面
9. According to the last paragraph, there are
ways to keep stamps.
A.
two
B.
three
C.
four
D.
several
10. The title of the passage can be
.
A.
Collecting Stamps Is a Good Hobby
B.
Different Kinds of Stamps You Like
C.
Ways to Keep Your Stamps
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D.
Getting Started on Stamp Collecting
C
A hobby can be almost anything a person likes to do in his free time. Hobbyists keep pets, build model
ships, watch birds, hunt animals, climb mountains, grow flowers, fish, ski, skate and swim. Hobbyists also
paint pictures, attend concerts and plays and perform on musical instruments. They collect everything from
books to butterflies, and from shells to stamps.
People have hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment, friendship, knowledge, and relaxation.
Sometimes they even make some money by following a hobby. Hobbies help people relax after hard work,
and provide a balance between work and play. Hobbies also offer interesting activities for persons who
have retired. Anyone, rich or poor, old or young, sick or well, can follow an interesting hobby.
Hobbies can help a person's mental and physical health. Doctors have found that hobbies are helpful
for patients to recover from physical or mental illness. Hobbies give patients something to do, and provide
interests that keep them from thinking about themselves.
In early years, most people were too busy making a living to have many hobbies. But some persons
who were free did enjoy hobbies.
People today had more time than ever before for hobbies. Machines have reduced(减少) the amount of
time they must spend on their jobs. More people are retiring than ever before at an earlier age. Those who
have developed hobbies never need to worry about what to do with their newly-found free hours.
Sir William Osier, a famous Canadian doctor, expressed the value of hobbies by saying, "No man is
really happy or safe without a hobby."
11. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A.
Hobby is one's regular activity in his office.
B.
Hobby is a kind of activity a person likes to do in his free time.
C.
Hobby is a kind of activity only for old people.
D.
Hobby is a kind of activity only for young people.
12. Who may spend more time enjoying their hobbies?
A.
People who have little money.
B.
People who have much money.
C.
People who have retired from their work.
D.
People who have left school.
13. What does the underlined word "recover" in the third paragraph mean?
A.
Become well again.
B.
Get back.
C.
Become calm.
D.
Provide with a new cover.
14. Why did most people spend less time on their hobbies in early years?
A.
Because they were brave.
B.
Because they were not interested in hobbies.
C.
Because they were hard-working.
D.
Because they were busy making a living.
15. What's the writer's opinion about hobbies?
A.
People all over the world have the same hobby.
B.
People shouldn't have hobbies.
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C.
Hobbies are popular among the retired people.
D.
People should have hobbies in their free time.
D
Nancy's hobby is collecting sharpeners(卷笔刀). She spends a lot of time on it after school. She has
collected over one hundred sharpeners from different countries. They are all different in color and size.
Nancy likes sharpeners with pictures of animals and birds on them. In this way, she learns the names
of many animals and birds. She also borrows books on animals and birds from her school library. She
learns a lot about them from books.
Sometimes Nancy has many sharpeners of the same kind. She gives them to her friends. Then they
give her other different sharpeners in return (作为回报).
Nancy has many pen pals in many countries. She sends them sharpeners of her country. In return, they
send her sharpeners of their countries. Nancy's father also gives her sharpeners. He brings them to her from
his friends.
Many of Nancy's friends collect matchboxes(火柴盒) or stamps. But all of them say that Nancy's
collection is the most interesting.
16.
Nancy's sharpeners are different in color and size.
A.
All of
B.
Some of
C.
Many of
D.
Most of
17. What do Nancy's many friends collect?
A.
Sharpeners.
B.
Coins.
C.
Matchboxes or stamps.
D.
We don't know.
18. How does Nancy collect sharpeners?
A.
Her friends give her some.
B.
Her pen pals send her some.
C.
Her father brings some to her from his friends.
D.
All the above.
19. Which is not right?
A.
Nancy likes collecting sharpeners.
B.
Nancy likes sharpeners without pictures on them.
C.
Nancy sends some of her sharpeners to her friends.
D.
Nancy has many friends in other countries.
20. From this article we know
.
A.
collecting is not useful
B.
Nancy has no friends
C.
Nancy and many of her friends like collecting things
D.
only collecting sharpeners is interesting
答案：
1-5 ACBAB
6-10 BCBAD
11-15 BCADD
16-20 ACDBC
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