12.英语读写必背高频障碍词
第一部分 必背阅读障碍词
Group ①
1．abandon v． 抛弃，遗弃
abandon oneself to sth 沉湎于某事
2．abnormal adj. 反常的，不正常的(反：normal)
3．abrupt adj. 突然的，意外的
4．absolutely adv. 当然；绝对地
5．abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的
6．absurd adj. 荒谬的；荒唐可笑的
7．abundance n. 充裕；丰盛
8．academic adj. 学校的，学院的；学术的
9．accelerate v. (使)加快；(使)加速
10．accessible adj. 易得到的；易进入的
11．accommodation n. 住所，住处
provide accommodation(s) for
为……提供住处
12．accomplish v. 完成；实现
13．accumulate v. 积累，积聚；逐渐增加
14．accurate adj. 精确的
accuracy n. 准确(性)，精确(程度)
15．accuse v. 控告；指责，指控
16．accustomed adj. 习惯于
be accustomed to (doing) sth
习惯于(做)某事
17．acknowledge vt. 承认
be widely acknowledged to be...
被广泛认为是……
18．acquire v. 获得，得到，学到
acquisition n. (知识、技能等的)获得；习得
19．adequate adj. 足够的，充分的20．administration n. 管理；执行；实施
administrator n. 管理人员，行政人员
21．adolescence n. 青春，青春期
adolescent n. 青少年
adj. 青春期的，青春的，青少年的
22．adore v. (不用于进行时)热爱，敬慕，崇拜，钟爱，很喜欢，爱慕某人
23．adventure n. 冒险；奇遇
24．advocate v. 拥护，支持，提倡，鼓吹
n. 鼓吹者，提倡者，拥护者，辩护人，律师
25．affection n. 喜爱；钟爱
26．aggressive adj. 好斗的；挑衅的
27．alert adj. 警惕的，警觉的
be alert to sth 警觉某事
28．allergic adj. 过敏的
be allergic to sth 对……过敏，对……反感
29．allocate v. 拨给，分配；分配……给
30．alternative adj. 可供替代的；非传统的
n. 可供选择的事物
have no alternative but to do sth
除做某事外别无选择
Group ②
1．amateur adj. 业余的
2．ambiguous adj. 模棱两可的；不明确的
3．ample adj. 足够的，丰裕的，富裕的，宽敞的，面积大的
4．analyse/analyze v. 分析
analysis n. 分析，分析结果
5．anecdote n. 逸事，趣闻
6．anniversary n. 周年纪念日
7．annual adj. 每年的，年度的
8．apparent adj. 显而易见的，表面上的，貌似……的，明白的
9．appeal v. 上诉，申诉，有吸引力n. 吸引力，上诉，申诉，募捐，呼吁
appeal to 呼吁，要求
10．appetite n. 食欲，胃口；欲望，喜好
have an appetite for 对……感兴趣
11．applaud v. 鼓掌，赞许，赞赏，欢呼，向……鼓掌
12．applicant n. 申请人
application n. 申请，应用
13．appreciation n. 欣赏，赏识；感激
14．appropriately adv. 恰当地，合适地
15．approximately adv. 近似；大约
16．arbitrary adj. 任意的；专横的；武断的
17．arouse vt. 引起(欲望、兴趣、憎恨等)
18．artificial adj. 人造的，人工的
AI artificial intelligence
人工智能
19．assessment n. 估算，评估
20．assistance n. 帮助，援助
come to one’s assistance
帮助某人
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
21．aspect n. 方面，外观，外表
22．assess v. 评价，评定(性质、质量)
assessment n. 看法，评价
23．associate v. 联想，联系，结交，交往，(使)联合，(使)有联系
n. 合伙人，伙伴，同事
association n. 协会，社团，联系
24．assume v. 假定，假设，承担，呈现
assumption n. 假定，假设
make an assumption 作出假设
25．atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛，氛围，环境
26．attempt vt. 试图，尝试n. 尝试，努力，企图
27．authentic adj. 真实的；真品的
28．autonomous adj. 自治的；自主的
29．available adj. 可用的，可得到的；有空的
Group ③
1．awesome adj. 令人赞叹的；令人畏惧的；可怕的
2．awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的
3．background n. 背景
4．bacterium n. 细菌(pl.bacteria)
5．bare adj. 裸露的，光秃秃的，无遮蔽的，无掩护的
6．barrier n. 障碍(物)；屏障
7．betray vt. 背叛，出卖
8．bid v. 出价，喊价，命令，吩咐，投标，向(某人)道别
n. 喊价，出价，努力争取
9．biography n. 传记
10．bless vt. 祝福；保佑；赞美
11．bonus n. 津贴，资金，额外给予的东西
12．boom v. 繁荣，轰鸣，激增
n. 隆隆声；(营业等的)激增，(经济等的)繁荣
13．botanical adj. 植物学的
botany n. 植物；植物学
14．bother v. 打扰；操心；烦扰
not bother doing/to do sth
不用费心做某事
15．boundary n. 分界线，边界；界限
16．boycott vt. 抵制，拒绝参加
n. 抵制行动
17．brake n. 闸
v. 刹车
18．brand n. 品牌，商标
vt. 打烙印于，加污名于19．breakthrough n. 重大进展，突破
make a breakthrough 取得突破
20．brochure n. 小册子
21．brunch n. 早午餐
22．budget n. 预算，预算拨款
v. 编制预算
adj. 低廉的，经济的
23．buffet n. 自助餐
v. 对……打来打去
24．calculate vt. 计算，预测；估计
25．calendar n. 历法；日历
26．campaign n. 运动；战役
launch/start a campaign
发起一项运动
27．candidate n. 候选者
28．casual adj. 偶然的，随便的
29．catastrophe n. 灾难，大祸
30．cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的，慎重的
be cautious about(doing)sth
对(做)某事很谨慎
caution n. 小心，谨慎
Group ④
1．certificate n. 证明书；(毕业)文凭
2．challenging adj. 具有挑战性的
3．champion n. (尤指体育比赛中的)冠军
4．chaos n. 混乱，一团糟
5．characteristic n. 特征；特性；特色
adj. 典型的，独特的
6．charity n. 慈善，慈善事业
7．choking adj. 令人窒息的
8．classify vt. 分类；归类classify...as... 将……归在……类
9．clinic n. 诊所
10．coincidence n. 巧合，巧事
by coincidence 巧合的是
11．collision n. 碰撞，相撞；冲突，抵触
12．comment n．/v. 评论，批评
13．commercial adj. 商业的，商务的
14．commitment n. 承诺；投入；奉献
make a commitment to sb
对某人作出承诺
15．community n. 社区；团体
16．compassion n. 怜悯，同情
feel/show compassion for
对……感到/表示同情
17．complex adj. 难以理解的，复杂的
18．competence n. 能力；胜任
19．component n. 零件；成分；组成部分
20．compromise v. 妥协，让步
compromise with sb 对某人妥协
21．compulsory adj. 规定的，强制的，义务的
compulsory schooling/education
义务教育
22．confirm vt. 使坚定，证实，证明，确认
23．consequence n. 后果
as a consequence/in consequence
因此
be of little/no consequence to sb
对某人来说无足轻重
24．conservative adj. 保守的，守旧的
25．consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的
be consistent with sth 与某事物相一致26．consult v. 请教，查阅，查看；交换意见，商议，咨询
consultant n. 顾问
27．contemporary adj. 当代的(同：modern)
28．contract n. 契约，合同
29．contradictory adj. 矛盾的，抵触的
30．controversial adj. 引起争论的，有争议的
Group ⑤
1．conventional adj. 传统的，常规的；守旧的
2．convey v. 运输，传送，表达，传递(思想、感情等)
3．correspond vi. 符合，相一致；通信
correspond with/to 与……相一致
correspond with 与……通信
4．craft n. 工艺，手艺；技能
5．criterion n. (判断或做决定的)标准，准则(＋for)(pl.criteria)
6．curriculum n. 课程
7．decline v. 减少，下降，衰退，谢绝，婉拒
8．deliberately adv. 故意地，蓄意地
9．delicate adj. 微小的；需要小心处理的
10．deposit n. 订金，押金，保证金
vt. 放置；使沉积；存入
11．description n. 描述，描写，形容
beyond description 无法描述，难以形容
12．desperate adj. 拼命的，绝望的；非常需要……的
13．destination n. 目的地；终点
14．device n. 设备，仪器；装置
15．dilemma n. 进退两难的境地，困境
in a dilemma 处于困境中
16．diploma n. 毕业文凭；学位证书
17．disastrous adj. 灾难性的，以失败告终的
18．discrimination n. 歧视
19．disgusting adj. 令人恶心的，使人极其反感的，令人厌恶的20．distinguish v. 区分，辨别
distinguish between right and wrong
明辨是非
distinguish...from 区分……与……
21．distribute vt. 分发，分配，分送
distribute sth to/among...
在……中分发某物
22．disturbing adj. 令人不安的，使人震惊的
23．diverse adj. 各种各样的，形形色色的，相异的
24．dizzy adj. 眩晕的；昏乱的；使人发晕或困惑的
25．document vt. 记录，记载；用文献支持
26．donor n. 捐献者，捐赠者
27．dormitory n．(informal dorm)
寝室；(大学)学生宿舍
28．draft n. 草稿
v. 起草
29．dynamic adj. 精力充沛的；不断移动的
30．dynasty n. 王朝；家族
31．dull adj. 枯燥无味的；无聊的
Group ⑥
1．ecology n. 生态；生态学
2．economy n. 经济(制度)；节约
3．elegantly adv. 优雅地
4．emergency n. 紧急情况，突发事件
5．emission n. 排放物，散发物；(光、热等的)散发，排放
6．emphasize v. 强调，着重；重音
7．energetic adj. 有活力的，精力充沛的
8．enhance v. 提高，改进
9．enormous adj. 巨大的，庞大的
10．enterprise n. 公司，组织，企业；事业心，进取心
11．entertainment n. 娱乐12．enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热衷的
be enthusiastic about(doing)sth
热衷于(做)某事
13．establish vt. 建立，设立
establishment n. 机构，单位；建立，设立
14．estimate v. 估计，估算
15．evaluate v. 评价，评估
16．expand v. 扩大，增加，扩展
17．explicit adj. 清楚明确的，直截了当的
18．explore v. 探险，勘察，考查，探索，探究
explorer n. 探险者
19．expose vt. 揭露，露出，显露，使面临
20．extend vt.& vi. 延伸
extension n. 延伸，扩展
21．extraordinary adj. 非凡的，特别的；异乎寻常的
22．facility n. 设施，设备；天赋，才能(同：talent)
23．fantastic adj. (口语)极好的，美妙的，很棒的
24．feast n. 盛宴，宴会，(宗教的)节日
25．feature n. 特征
26．federal adj. 中央的，(政府)联邦的，联邦政府的
27．fertilizer n. 肥料
28．finance n. 财政，金融
29．flash n. 闪光；转瞬间
v. (使)闪光
30．flavour n. 味道；调味品，调味香料
Group ⑦
1．flexible adj. 易弯曲的，柔韧的，可弯曲的，灵活的，可变动的
2．fluent adj. 熟练的，流利的
3．flock n. 群
a flock of birds/children
一群鸟/孩子4．foster vt. 促进；培养(同：encourage，promote)
5．foggy adj. 多雾的
6．fragile adj. 易碎的，脆弱的
7．fragrant adj. 香的；芳香的
8．function n. 功能，作用；职能
9．fundamental adj. 根本的；基本的，基础的
10．funeral n. 葬礼
11．gallery n. 画廊，美术馆
12．get－together n. 聚会
13．glance v. 匆匆一看；一瞥，很快地一看
14．glare v. 怒目而视，闪耀
n. 瞪眼，刺眼的强光
15．globe n. 地球仪，地球，球体
global adj. 全球的
16．glory n. 巨大的光荣；荣誉；赞美
17．gravity n. 重力
18．grocery n. 杂货；杂货店
19．guarantee v. 保证；确保
20．guidance n. 指导，引导(＋on)
under one’s guidance 在某人的指导下
21．handle n. 柄，把手
v. 处理，应对
22．harmony n. (音乐中的)和声；融洽相处
live/work in harmony 融洽地生活/工作
be in harmony with sth
和某事物协调
23．hatred n. 仇恨
24．heartily adv. 尽情地；关怀地；坚定地
25．highlight n. 突出，强调
26．hint n．& v. 暗示
give sb a hint 给某人一个暗示27．holy adj. 神圣的
28．identification n. 身份证明(文件)；确认；识别，鉴定
identification card 身份证
29．identify v. 认出，识别；确定，发现
30．illegal adj. 不合法的，非法的
Group ⑧
1．immigration n. 移居(入境)；移民人数
2．imply vt. 暗示，暗指；意味着
3．impression n. 印象，感想
leave an impression on sb
给某人留下印象
4．inactive adj. 不活动的，不活跃的，懒散的(反：active)
5．incident n. (尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件
6．income n. 收入，所得
7．independence n. 独立；自主
8．indicate v. 表明，预示，表示
9．infect v. 传染(＋with)；感染，影响
10．influence n．& v. 影响
have an influence on sb/sth
对某人/某事有影响
11．ingredient n. 成分，食材；要素，因素
12．innocent adj. 清白的，无罪的(＋of)；天真无邪的
13．innovate v. 创新，革新
14．insert vt. 插入，放进
15．insight n. 领悟；洞察力，眼光
16．institute n. 学院；(研究)院所
17．instrument n. 乐器；工具
18．install v. 安装，设置
19．intake n. 摄入量，吸入量；加入人数
20．inspect v. 检查；检验；审视
21．instant adj. 立即的；立刻的22．insure v. 给……保险，为……投保
23．intelligence n. 智力，悟性，理解力
24．interaction n. 相互影响，相互作用；交流
25．interpersonal adj. 人际的，人际关系的
26．irrigation n. 灌溉
27．isolate vt. 孤立，隔离；分隔
28．item n. 项目；一件物品
29．journal n. 日志；杂志，期刊
30．jungle n. 丛林，密林
Group ⑨
1．justice n. 公正，正义
2．knowledgeable adj. 有丰富知识的，博学的
3．label n. 标签；称号
4．laptop n. 笔记本电脑
5．laundry n. 洗衣店
6．legend n. 传奇
7．liar n. 说谎者
8．licence n. 许可证，执照，证书
9．locker n. 有锁存物柜，寄物柜
10．loyal adj. 忠诚的
11．luggage n. 行李(同：baggage)
12．maintain v. 保持，维持；维护
13．majority n. 多数，大多数(反：minority)
14．manufacture v. (用机器)生产，制造
15．mature adj. 成熟的
16．maximum adj. 最大量的，最大限度的
n. 最大量，最大值(反：minimum)
17．meanwhile adv. 与此同时；在此期间
18．memorial n. 纪念物，纪念碑
adj. 纪念的，追悼的
19．merchant adj. 商业的；商人的n. 商人；生意人
20．merciful adj. 宽大的，慈悲的，仁慈的
21．mineral n. 矿物质，矿物
22．minimum adj. 最小的，最低的，最低限度的
n. 最少量，最低限度
23．minority n. 少数派，少数；少数民族
24．misread vt. 误解；读错，误读
25．modest adj. 谦虚的；适中的
26．monument n. 纪念碑，纪念馆
27．mourn v. 哀悼，悼念
28．motivation n. 动力；动机；原因
29．mountainous adj. 多山的；巨大的，庞大的
30．multiply v. 乘，乘以；成倍增加
Group ⑩
1．navigation n. (水上的)航行
2．negative adj. 有害的，不良的；消极的，负面的(反：positive)
3．negotiate v. 谈判，协商(＋with)
4．neutral adj. 中立的，不偏不倚的
5．nevertheless adv. 然而，不过；尽管如此
6．non－governmental adj.
非政府的
7．numerous adj. 许多的
8．nutrition n. 营养
9．occupation n. 工作，职业；占领
10．opposite adj. 对立的，截然相反的
n. 相反的人/物；对立物
11．optimistic adj. 乐观的，乐观主义的
12．option n. 选择
13．optional adj. 可选择的，选修的(反：compulsory)
14．origin n. 起源，根源
15．outcome n. 结果，后果(同：result)16．outspoken adj. 直率的，直言不讳的
17．outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的，出色的
18．overcome vt. 克服
19．overlook v. 忽视，忽略；俯瞰
20．participate vi. 参加，参与(＋in)
21．passion n. 强烈的情感，激情；热爱
22．pastime n. 消遣，娱乐
23．pedestrian n. 行人，步行者
24．pension n. 养老金，退休金
25．permanent adj. 长久的，永久的，永恒的(反：temporary)
26．personnel n. 全体人员，职员；人事部门
27．perspective n. 视角；观点
28．phenomenon n. 现象(pl.phenomena)
29．physician n. 医师
30．plain adj. 清楚的，明显的，普通的，坦诚的
n. 平原，旷野
Group ⑪
1．policy n. 政策，方针
2．poisonous adj. 有毒的，引起中毒的；令人很不愉快的
3．porridge n. 燕麦粥，麦片粥
4．portable adj. 手提式的，便携式的，轻便的
5．possession n. 拥有，持有，占有；所有物，财产
6．postpone vt. 推迟，延期
7．potential adj. 潜在的，可能的
8．practical adj. 真实的；实际的；切实可行的
9．precious adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的；珍稀的
10．pregnant adj. 怀孕的
11．prejudice n. 偏见，歧视(＋against)
12．prescription n. 处方，药方(＋for)
13．presentation n. 授予，颁发；介绍会
14．preview n. 预映；预展；预演15．previous adj. 以前的，先前的
16．primary adj. 首要的，主要的
17．primitive adj. 原始的，远古的
18．privilege n. 特权；特殊待遇；荣幸
19．procedure n. (正常)程序；步骤；手续
20．process n. 过程，制作法，工序
v. 加工，处理
21．productivity n. 生产率；生产效率
22．profession n. 职业；行业
23．promote v. 促进，提高
24．prohibit vt. 禁止(同：forbid)；阻止(同：prevent)
prohibit sb from doing sth
阻止某人做某事
25．psychology n. 心理；心理学
26．punctual adj. 准时的；守时的
27．purchase vt. 购买
28．qualification n. 资格，学历；资历
29．questionnaire n. 调查问卷
30．radioactive adj. 放射性的
31．random adj. 随意的，随机的
n. 随意；随机
at random 任意地；随便地
Group ⑫
1．range v. 变化，变动，排序
n. 幅度，一系列，山脉
2．recall v. 回想起，回忆起
3．react v. 起反应，有影响
4．receptionist n. 接待员
5．recommend vt. 建议；推荐，介绍
recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐某物6．reference n. 提到，谈及(＋to)
7．reform v．& n. 改革，改进
8．refresh v. 使振作精神
9．register v. 记录，登记
register for 注册
10．regulate v. 控制，管理；调整，调节
regulation n. 规则，条例，法令
11．relevant adj. 相关的，切题的
be relevant to 与……相关
12．reliable adj. 可依靠的，可信赖的
13．remark n. 言论，意见
14．represent v. 代表
representative n. 代表；代理人
15．reputation n. 名声，名誉
16．reservation n. 预订；保留
17．resist v. 抵抗；抵挡
18．respectful adj. 有礼貌的，恭敬的
19．responsibility n. 责任
20．restriction n. 限制；规定；约束
21．resume v. 重新开始
n. 简历
22．reunion n. (尤指同学久别后的)聚会
23．riddle n. 谜；谜语
24．ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的，荒唐可笑的
25．rock－bottom adj. (价格)最低的
26．routine n. 惯例，常规；例行公事
27．sacred adj. 神圣的
28．sacrifice n. 牺牲；祭献
vt. 牺牲
29．sample n. 样品
Group ⑬1．sceptical adj. 持怀疑态度的，不相信的
2．sculpture n. 雕刻；雕塑
3．sensitive adj. 善解人意的；易生气的；敏感的
be sensitive to 对……敏感
4．sensitivity n. 体贴，体恤；敏感；过敏
5．session n. (尤指一批人参加某项活动的)一段时间；正式会议
6．shallow adj. 浅的，不深的；肤浅的
7．sheet n. 床单，被单；片，张；薄片
a sheet of paper 一张纸
a sheet of glass 一块玻璃
8．shipwreck n. 海难，船舶失事
9．shrink v. (shrank，shrunk或shrunk，
shrunk)(使)缩小，(使)收缩；
减少
10．signature n. 签字，签名
11．significance n. 重要性；意义
12．simplify vt. 使简易，使简单，简化
13．snack n. 小吃，点心
14．sneeze v. 打喷嚏
15．souvenir n. 纪念品；纪念物
16．specific adj. 特定的，特有的；明确的
17．sponsor n. 赞助商；资助者；发起人，倡议人
vt. 赞助；资助
18．squeeze vt. 压，捏，挤；压出；榨出
19．status n. 地位，身份
20．straightforward adj. 简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的
21．stretch v. (使)变松，拉长；伸开，伸展
22．studio n. 工作室，演播室
23．subjective adj. 主观的(反：objective)
24．submit v. 呈送，递交，呈递；顺从(＋to)
25．subscribe vi. 定期订阅，订购(＋to)26．substitute v. 代替；替换；顶替
27．supervision n. 监督，管理；指导；照看
under one’s supervision
由某人负责
28．swear v．(swore，sworn)
诅咒，咒骂；起誓保证
29．sympathetically adv. 表示同情地；有同情心地
30．symphony n. 交响乐，交响曲
Group ⑭
1．target n. 目标，指标；靶子
v. 以……为目标；把……瞄准
2．temporary adj. 暂时的，临时的；短期的
3．tension n. 紧张，焦虑
4．terminal adj. (疾病)晚期的，不治的
n. 终点站；终端
5．theoretical adj. 理论上的；假设的
6．tiresome adj. 烦人的，令人厌烦的
7．tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的
8．tournament n. 锦标赛
tennis/chess/badminton tournament
网球/国际象棋/羽毛球锦标赛
9．transform vt. 使改观；使变形；使转化
transform...from...into...
把……从……转化为……
transformation n. 转变，改观
10．transparent adj. 透明的；易懂的
11．trash n. 废物，垃圾(同：rubbish)
12．trend n. 倾向，趋势，动向
13．tunnel n. 隧道；(动物的)洞穴通道
14．uncaring adj. 不注意的；不关心的
15．unconscious adj. 失去知觉的16．underline vt. 在……之下画线(以示重要)；强调；使突出
17．undertake v. 从事；承担
undertake to do sth 同意做某事
18．uneasiness n. 不安；忧虑
19．unify v. 统一；使成一体(反：divide)
20．unique adj. 独一无二的
21．vacant adj. 空着的，未被占用的；(工作或职位)空缺的
22．valid adj. (法律上)有效的；(正式)认可的
23．vanish v. 消失，灭绝
24．version n. 版本
25．virtual adj. 虚拟的，模拟的
virtual reality 虚拟现实
26．watery adj. 水的，含水的；虚弱的
27．welfare n. 幸福；福利
28．withdraw v. 提取(存款)，退出
29．wrinkle n. 皱纹
30．yawn v. 打哈欠
第二部分 必背写作障碍词
类型一 名词
1．old people→the elderly；senior citizens老人
As is known to us，it is a fine tradition for us Chinese to show respect for senior citizens.
2．a way to do sth→an approach to doing sth做某事的方法
We are supposed to adopt an appropriate approach to protecting us from the terrible virus.
3．all kinds of→a variety of/various/a wide range of各种各样的
①There is a wide range of local operas around China，such as Beijing Opera and Kun Opera.
②In addition，it is of great benefit to you if you participate in a variety of sports and wash your hands frequently
with soap under running water.
类型二 形容词、副词
1．hard/difficult→tough，challenging困难的
Due to COVIN－19，it is tough for farmers to sell their produce，making them very hopeless.
2．good→rewarding，worthwhile；beneficial，be of great benefit 有益的From your letter you take a great interest in Chinese and Chinese culture，which is beneficial to you.
3．very→more than非常
I’m more than delighted to learn that you take great interest in the Spring Festival.
4．glad→pleased，delighted；cheerful，joyful 高兴的
I’m more than delighted to learn that some of us students will have an opportunity to study in the U．K.as
exchange students for two months.
5．free→available有空的
Please make sure you are available at that time and join us.
6．be busy with→be absorbed in/be occupied with/be engaged in 忙于
Receving your e－mail is such a refreshing thing since I am fully occupied with making good preparations for the
coming exam.
7．important→of vital/great importance重要的
That was a very good opportunity for me to improve my English and know more about the environmental
protection which is of great importance to us human beings.
8．necessary→a must必须
As is known to all Chinese，zongzi is a must in China to celebrate this traditional festival.
9．possibly→whenever possible可能地
I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.
10．properly→in place合适地
Firstly I collected all the books，newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place.
11．quickly→without delay迅速地
I’m writing to make an apology to you for not being able to reply without delay.
12．sorry→upset难过的
What impressed me most was that I failed in an English exam，feeling extremely upset and disappointed.
13．proper→appropriate合适的
With such a technique，examiners are able to provide various suggestions on appropriate ways of exercise for
examinees.
14．actually→as a matter of fact事实上
As a matter of fact，there are both advantages and disadvantages in using the shared bikes.
类型三 动词及动词短语
1．realize→raise one’s awareness of意识到The activity aims at raising students’ environmental protection awareness and urging students to take effective
measures to protect our earth.
2．affect/work→make a difference有影响；起作用
I do hope these suggestions make a great difference to you.
3．join in，take part in→participate in，get involved in，compete in 参加
Besides，Chinese is helpful for you to participate in cultural exchange activities and we can understand each
other better through these activities.
4．be coming→be approaching/be around the corner到来，靠近，临近
With the fiftieth Each Day approaching，our school is going to hold a poster exhibition related to it.
5．consider→take sth into account/consideration考虑
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.Looking forward to your approval.
6．deliver→give away分发
That weekend，we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave them away to the people there.
7．master→have a good command of对……掌握熟练
I have a good command of English，which enables me to communicate with foreign friends well.
8．thank→express one’s sincere gratitude to 感谢
I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude to you for finding my bag，which I carelessly left at the library on
Friday afternoon.
9．improve→make great progress取得进步
Speaking and listening are very important for language learning，by which you are sure to make great progress.
10．finish→accomplish完成
It tells us that whatever difficulty we meet ，we should never easily give up，otherwise nothing will be
accomplished.
11．use→make full use of/take full advantage of利用
①I will make full use of this opportunity to practise my speaking skills and get more experience.
②We must take full advantage of every minute to go over our lessons，with the final examination approaching.
12．know→be familiar with 知道
As a native，you must be very familiar with the tourist attractions of your country.
13．remember→keep/bear in mind记住
And you must keep in mind that your university training is the preparation for your future career.
14．represent→on behalf of代表I’m writing on behalf of the Students’ Union to invite you to join us in the activity about garbage sorting.
15．succeed→achieve one’s goals成功；实现目标
Personally，I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals.
16．try to do→make more effort/spare no effort(s)尽力
We should spare no effort(s) to beautify our environment.
17．understand→have a better understanding of/figure out/make sense of 理解
①Thanks to your generous help，I do believe that I will have a better understanding of your country and
culture.
②If you don’t understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out.
③We read it through，but could not make sense of it.
18．like→have a taste for/be fond of/be crazy about喜欢
From your letter I know you have a taste for Chinese culture，which is of great benefit to you.
19．welcome sb→give sb a warm welcome欢迎
When the craftsman came into the classroom，we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the
tool box.
20．be→serve as充当
From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.
21．succeed→make it成功
Only when you do more reading and writing can you make it in improving your English.
22．value→attach importance to重视
We should attach great importance to protecting ourselves from the virus.What’s more，we are supposed to
avoid going outside，especially going to the crowded places.
23．help→lend a helping hand/do sb a favour帮助
I’d appreciate it if you can do me a favour and I promise to bring some delicious food for you when I come back.
24．should→be supposed to 应该
A healthy body results from good healthy habits，and therefore，we are supposed to act together to fight against
diseases and create a better life.
25．refuse to listen to→turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻
As far as I know，it is wrong of us to turn a deaf ear to our parents’ good suggestions.
26．ask sb for help→turn to sb for help/seek help from sb向某人求助
Since you have some trouble in learning English，why not turn to him for help?27．get→gain 获得
Make sure you can insist，otherwise you can’t gain the effect.
28．make sb do sth→enable sb to do sth让某人做某事
The old man donated a lot of money to the school，enabling the students to return to their classroom.
29．want to do sth→have a strong desire to do sth想要做某事
Sometimes，it’s necessary to compromise with your friends when you have a strong desire to keep the
friendship.
30．visit→pay a visit to 参观
It is strongly recommended that you should pay a visit to the exhibition，which will definitely help you better
understand Chinese calligraphy.
类型四 衔接及其他
1．first→to start with/to begin with/in the first place/first of all首先
To begin with，these are the traditional customs in the Dragon Boat Festival，which is celebrated in memory of
Qu Yuan.
2．besides→what’s more/in addition/furthermore 此外
What’s more，I consider it a gold chance to enjoy the wonderful scenery and taste the delicious food here and
there.
3．as a result→as a consequence 因此
As a consequence，I need your advice on where to go and what to do during my stay in Australia.
4．in my opinion/view→as far as I’m concerned
As far as I’m concerned，it is sort of similar to the saying—where there is a will，there is a way.
5．I believe→I hold the firm belief that...我相信
I hold the firm belief that our environment will be improved as long as we keep working together.
6．It is accepted that...→It’s acknowledged that...大家公认，认可……
It’s widely/universally acknowledged that respecting the old is part of Chinese traditional culture.
7．be welcome with→enjoy great popularity受到欢迎
As one of the traditional Chinese festivals，it has been enjoying great popularity in our country.
8．be the hope of→shoulder the hope of肩负着希望
It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their
parents.
类型五 常用高频词组1．devote oneself/one’s life to 献身于，致力于
The villagers all show respect for the old man because he has devoted all his life to the education in the remote
mountain village.
2．sign up for报名参加
You can go to your monitor to sign up for the competition before April 20th.
3．provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb给某人提供某物
The majority of students believe that part－time jobs will provide them with more opportunities to develop their
communication skills.
4．lead sb to do sth导致某人做某事
The information I’ve collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycles will continue to play
extremely important roles in modern society.
5．be addicted to 痴迷于
Many students are addicted to playing video games and can’t concentrate on their studies，which has become
the focus of media attention.
6．take on a new look呈现新的面貌
In recent years，with the rapid development of economy，my hometown has taken on a new look.
7．enrich sb’s life/enrich the life of sb丰富某人的生活
It is aimed at enriching our school life and spreading traditional Chinese culture.
8．take an active part in 积极参加
I take an active part in various activities in and outside my school and have been able to keep a really good
relationship with those around me.
9．broaden one’s horizons开阔视野
Furthermore，it is helpful to broaden our horizons and improve our understanding of the world.
10．be faced with 面对
Faced with difficulties，they never give up and try their best to find a way out.
11．get used to/get accustomed to 习惯于
Accustomed to the climate in the countryside，the old couple prefer not to move to the city.
12．be located in/on 坐落于
Firstly，citizens will have easy access to it because Shanghai Museum is located in the center of the city.
13．both physically and mentally身心两方面
Not only does smoking waste your time and money，but it also does harm to your health both physically andmentally.
14．on the decrease/increase 在减少/在增加
In our school the number of students who are addicted to computer games is on the decrease.
15．English speech contest/competition英语演讲比赛
I am glad to tell you that I will go to Beijing to take part in an English speech contest/competition in July.
16．work out锻炼
As far as stress is concerned，I suggest you work out regularly.
17．work out a plan制定计划
You had better work out a practical and specific plan，according to which you can manage your time more
efficiently.
18．leave/make a good/deep/bad impression on sb给某人留下好的/深刻的/坏的印象
So charming are the sights of Jiuzhaigou that they leave a deep impression on visitors from home and abroad.
第二部分 运用强化
一、单项选择
1. The growth of information available on-line has led to ______ new businesses and opportunities ranging from
cloud storage to content delivery.
A. a great deal of B. a great number of
C. a great amount of D. a great many of
2. ________ things had been tough at times when he was in school, he graduated from college with the highest
honor.
A. If B. While C. Because D. As
3. After a heated discussion, a new plan came______ being, which would have a great effect ______ the study of
the students.
A. into; for B. to; to C. from; at D. into; on
4. Take the note as a reminder ________ you forget to buy some sweets for the kids while shopping there.
A. while B. since C. in case D. even if
5. _________a few activities successfully, Jackson becomes much more confident about himself and determines to
be a host.
A. Organising B. Having organised
C. Organised D. To organise
6. David still works hard ________ he has made great progress.
A. because B. though C. unless D. if7. his knowledge of the mountainous village, John was appointed as our guide.
A. In spite of B. On account of
C. Regardless of D. Instead of
8. ________ is not easy for the students to remember the words in a short time.
A. That B. This C. It D. What
9. — Will Mr. Black go to the opening ceremony this weekend?
— No, he has finally decided ________.
A. not B. not to C. not to go D. not to go to
10. The TV play series, broadcast on CCTV1 lately, is ________ the 100th anniversary of the incident.
A. in command of B. in honor of
C. in place of D. in search of
11. I’m going to buy my daughter another interesting novel, _______ she would like to read.
A. that B. what C. one D. it
12. If you ______ it to the airport on time, you had better set off immediately.
A. make B. will make C. are to make D. are making
13. I’m hungry. Would you pleasegive me _______ to eat?
A. delicious something B. something delicious
C. anything delicious D. nothing delicious
14. _______unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.
A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until
15. _________ himself with necessary knowledge and skills, Tom went to the job market with much confidence.
A. Equipped B. Equipping
C. Having equipped D. Being equipped
16. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. don’t make
17. The traffic rule says young children ______ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A. being weighed B. to weigh C. have weighed D. weighing
18. The two men talked in a low voice, _______ nobody heard what they were saying.
A. so that B. as if C. because D. when
19. If you don 't have a guide,you________ lose your way.
A. must B. dare C. should D. could20. ________ in by a well-to-do family, a homeless teenager named Michael Oher matures into a star athlete
predicted to be a first-round pick in the NFL draft in this comedy drama.
A. Taken B. Having taken C. Taking D. When taking
21. Stop illegal hunting ________ !
A. immediately B. likely C. unusually D. equally
22. Researchers who have been working on non-avian dinosaurs were surprised to see an embryo beautifully
________inside a dinosaur egg,________ in a bird-like posture.
A. preserving … laying B. reserving … sitting
C. preserved … lying D. reserved … seated
23. The other day，my friend John drove his car down the street at _______I thought was a dangerous speed and
surprised everyone in the car.
A. which，that B. which，it C. as，which D. what，that
24. ----Dave didn’t respond ________any of my emails.
----Something _______have happened to him.
A. on; must B. with; could
C. for; could D. to; must
25. ______ a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.
A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved
26. ______________ into a college or university in the UK, we must prove ourselves to have a strong ability in
spoken and written English.
A. Having been admitted B. To be admitted
C. Being admitted D. Admitted
27. —I can’t get through to the general manager’s office anyhow.
—The line is busy. Someone________ the telephone.
A. can use B. can have used C. must have used D. must be using
28. The conference ________ next month is bound to be a great success.
A. will take place B. taking place C. taken place D. to take place
29. We were having a picnic when _______ there came a downpour, which was really a wet blanket.
A. all at once B. in addition
C. in return D. as well
30. You didn’t go to the party yesterday, or I you.A. would see B. could see
C. might have seen D. might see
31. The car Patrick bought last month was in excellent condition, the little problem that it was a little old.
A. aside from B. besides
C. in addition to D. instead
32. You can’t imagine what great trouble they have ________ the problem being discussed.
A. to solve B. solving
C. having solved D. solved
33. Mom, I lost ________diamond ring you bought for me as my birthday present. Could you keep ________eye
out for it when you clean my bedroom?
A. a; an B. a; the
C. the; an D. the; the
34. Sir, you ____ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.
A. shouldn’t B. will C. won’t D. needn’t
35. The poor man, ________, ran out of the dark cave.
A. tiring and frightened B. tired and frightened
C. tired and frightening D. tiring and frightening
36. —Some Chinese students find it difficult to understand native speakers when in London.
—Exactly, _________ they’ve learned a lot about grammar and known many words.
A. if only B. now that C. as if D. even if
37. The boy is looking forward to_______ a birthday gift by his parents.
A. giving B. be given C. being given D. gave
38. 5G has faster data transmission, lower delay and stronger mobility ______ the conventional 4G.
A. in charge of B. in contrast to C. in defense of D. in proportion to
39. The days are approaching________the World Expo 2010 will be held in Shanghai.
A. that B. where C. when D. which
40. Our Chinese teacher didn’t go to bed he finished his work last night.
A. if B. until C. since D. because
41. The teacher didn’t imagine that a student good at maths ______ have failed in the exam.
A. must B. might C. need D. Should
42. Anna was in Inner Mongolia for two years, ____ as a volunteer teacher.A. having worked B. working C. worked D. to work
43. One of the students ________ from the university for cheating in exams worked part-time on the dairy farm.
A. were expelled B. had been expelled
C. was expelled D. expelled
44. It never ________Tom ________ he might be falling in love with her.
A. occurred; that B. occurred to; that
C. occurred to; whether D. occurred to; what
45. To win the trust of the employees, your factory should see to________that accounts and operations are as
transparent as possible.
A. it B. them C. you D. one
46. We ________ such great achievements without your efforts. Thanks a lot.
A. can’t have made B. couldn’t have made
C. were unable to make D. are unable to make
47. --- Is your father a teacher of English in No. l Middle School?
--- No. But he ______ English there for ten years.
A. has taught B. has been teaching
C. taught D. had taught
48. The freshman students left a deep impression ______ me, because they have strong confidence their senior
high school life.
A. to; in B. on; for C. on; in D. for; on
49. The worse working conditions we are looking forward to ________ must have attracted the local government’s
attention.
A. see improved B. seeing to improve
C. see improving D. seeing improved
50. With the number of homecoming overseas students ________ up in recent years, the attraction of foreign
degree holders has gradually faded.
A. shot B. being shot
C. shooting D. to shoot
51. from the short story written by Hugo Award Winner Liu Cixin, The Wandering Earth was the biggest winner
in the holiday film market.
A. Adapted B. To be adapted C. Having adapted D. Adapting52. _______ around, I saw a white-haired man who I found later was my English teacher.
A. Turned B. Turning C. To turn D. Being turned
53. —It’s 7:30 and he hasn’t taken the nucleic acid test yet!
—Well, he ________.
A. ought to B. oughtn’t to have C. ought to have D. ought to have to
54. The girl tends ________ when others ask her private questions .
A. getting angry B. to get angry C. getting angrily D. to get angrily
55. IT makes communication much more ________ .
A. convenient B. convenience C. conveniently D. conveniences
56. Fully _______ in looking after three small children, she cannot speak to you at the moment.
A. occupied B. being occupied C. occupying D. being occupying
57. A common memory they all have _____ their school days is the school uniform.
A. of B. on C. to D. with
58. An ancient calculating device — the abacus will be _________, as the computer is becoming increasingly
popular.
A. on the way out B. in use C. out of the way D. in the way
59. I felt bad _________ I talked to a group.
A. for the first time B. the first time
C. it was the first time D. it was time
60. 4. —Why! I couldn’t get you on the phone yesterday afternoon?
—We ________ kites in the yard when you phoned.
A. could be flying
B. might have flied
C. must have been flying
D. should be flying
二、完成句子
61. 这两年里，他们试图进行许多科学试验。
During these two years, .
62. In the future, advertising will send individual customers advertisements specific needs.
在未来，广告业将向个体消费者发送针对其特定需求而制定的广告。
63. 在现实中，他因为残疾已不能走路，但是借助VR工作室里设备的便利，他能看见并抚摸一头狮子。In reality, he is disabled and can no longer walk, but he was able to see and touch a lion while still
of the VR studio.
64. 你不仅可以帮助我们青年志愿者的个人发展，你也会学习新技能和增加你的文化意识。
you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you’ll learn new skills and increase
your cultural awareness.
65. 你是否觉得，你已无法在任何事情上与父母达成一致？
Do you feel that you just cannot with your parents on anything?
66. 我不像我原来想象的那么有钱。
I haven’t got I thought.
67. They have been unable to settle/resolve the over working conditions.
他们无法解决工作条件方面的争端。
68. 我呼吁所有志同道合的人来支持我。
I appeal all people to me.
69. 同语文和数学一样，英语也很重要。
English, , is of great importance.
70. 我一直期盼着中秋节的到来，届时一家人一起品月饼，赏秋月。（look forward to; admire）
I the coming of the Mid-autumn festival, when I can enjoy moon cakes and with my family.
71. 我从来就没有搞懂过大意。有什么建议吗?
I can never get the ?
72. 总的来说，这是一部好电影。(词数不限)
, this is a good film.
73. 当我打电话给她时，她说她可能去不了电影院了。
When I called her, she said she might not be able to to the cinema.
74. 我的愿望是成为一名像爱因斯坦那样的科学家。
My wish is like Einstein.
75. 他们在每一个项目上平均投资八千英镑。
they invested 8,000 pounds a year on each project.
76. 你得留心你的英语学习。
You should your eyes for your English learning.
77. 在众多的关键点中，有一个尤其引起了我的注意。
In a number of key points, one particular stood out to me.78. Although he the money, his classmates didn’t believe the fact.
尽管他承认偷了这笔钱, 但他的同学们不相信这个事实。
79. While the two are only days apart in age they seem to wholly different generations.
尽管这两人年龄上只相差几天，他们却好像是属于完全不同时代的人。
80. 节目吸引了大量观众，从孩子到爷奶。
The show attracted a large audience, children grandparents.
81. The delay was power failure.
延滞是由于停电。
82. 和我爱的人在一起，我可以和他一起渡过生活中的一切难关。
With someone I love I can of life together.
83. (1)The man (在这部电影中扮演角色) and became popular very soon.
(2)John (起重要作用) in the success of the meeting.
84. 听说他脱险了，我们才放下心来。
We hear that he was out of danger.
85. 她的脚步声刚从大厅逐渐消失，我就开始看能不能出去。
As soon as her footsteps faded down the hall, I started to see if there was a way out.
86. Spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes (很难把精力放在生活中的其他事情
上。). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
87. 孩子们正在堆雪人，他们的手又红又冷。（with 复合结构）
The children were making a snowman, .
88. 更糟糕的是，一些司机、骑自行车的人、行人认为遵守交通规则不重要。
What’s worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it’s
.
89. 从最广泛的意义上讲，治愈系食物指的是任何能让我们感觉更好的食物。
In its broadest sense, comfort food refers to any food that .
90. My job these children until they could be adopted into a good home.
我的工作就是照顾这些孩子，直到他们被好的家庭收养。
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文
91. (prevent) this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the sources of all the water
supplies be examined.
92. This is not his fault. I am (blame)for not having made the whole thing clear to him.93. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people (expose) to cholera.
94. (absorb) in his book, he forgot to have lunch.
95. For (convenient) it is divided roughly into three zones.
96. London has the oldest port (build) by the Romans in the first century AD.
97. The royal family (consist) of the king and queen and their relations.
98. That was a (delight) party and he was delighted to accept the invitation.
99. Zhang Pingyu found the Queen’s jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, special occasions,
still wore the four-hundred-year uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.
100. interested her most was the longitude line.
四、语法填空
1
Billions of poor people around the world 101 (depend) on the use of wood for cooking. And as they
take more and more firewood from wild areas, they are destroying habitats around the world. Wood collection is
one reason why many animals have become endangered.
This is 102 Dr. Metcalf spends each summer in Africa. He wants to teach women and children in
villages how to cook with the sun. He helped create Solar Cookers International. It’s an organization that introduces
solar cookers to developing countries 103 teaches people how to use them.
2
单句语法填空
104. You should have understood the traffic rule by now.You've had it (explain) often enough.
105. My mother doesn't like me wearing short skirts on formal occasions—she thinks they're (suit).
106. Carrie went into the kitchen, where she found her son (cook).
107. I won't forget ( take) to Hawaii for holidays when I was ten.
108. The new car costs a lot of money, but it's certainly worth .
109. If both sides make concessions（让步），they can reach a ( settle ) acceptable to both.
110. We will be given training in how ( work )as a mediator.
111. To our joy, Mr. Wang has won the football club chairman ( elect).
112. Finally he reached an abandoned island was completely cut off from the outside world.
113. Talking loud in the reading room (be)considered impolite.
3
单句语法填空114. When we got a call （say）she was short-listed, we thought it was joke.
115. As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
116. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting (rest). Instead, she is
earning £6500 a day as model in New York.
4
Birthday facts
Many centuries ago, birthdays were considered a time when the bad spirits were able to harm you. It was
believed that you should have your friends and family around you 117 their good wishes and present-
giving would keep the bad spirits away. People also believed that, by lighting candles, they were sending a signal or
wishes to the gods.
Later on, candles started 118 (use) on birthday cakes. One story about the beginnings of the birthday
cake is 119 it started with the Greeks, who made round cakes 120 (represent) the full moon for
their moon goddess . They also placed candles on the cake to make it light, again like the moon.
However, the Germans are said to have first used cakes and candles. They used a sweet cake and they put a
large candle in the centre of the cake to mean “the light of life”.
The “Happy Birthday” song is more than a hundred years old. The music was written in 1893 by two sisters,
Patty and Mildred Hill, 121 were schoolteachers in Louisville, Kentucky. The music was first used as a
morning greeting to their students 122 (entitle)“Good Morning To All”. In 1935, the words legally 123
(belong) to the Hill sisters, and the copyright has been bought and sold for millions of dollars ever since. The
present copyright is owned by Warner Communications. They bought it in 1989 124 more than $22
million.
‘Happy Birthday to you’ 125 (recognize) around the world and has been translated into many
different languages. And children still love to make new versions of 126 .
参考答案
一、
1. B
【解析】考查与数量有关的名词、代词和限定词。句意：在线信息的增长从云存储到内容交付带来了大量
新业务和机会。A. a great deal of大量的(跟不可数名词)；B. a great number of大量的(跟可数名词复数形式)；
C. a great amount of大量的(跟不可数名词)；D. a great many of……之中的许多（跟可数名词复数形式）。
分析句子可知，空格处修饰可数名词复数new businesses and opportunities应使用a great number of符合句意。D项表示“……之中的许多”不符合句意， 要表示“大量的”可以使用a great many+可数名词复数形式。
故选B项。
2. B
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管他学生时代一切都很艰难，他还是带着最高荣誉从大学毕业。根
据句意可知，前后主从句存在让步关系，故选while表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。故选B。
3. D
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：经过激烈的讨论，一个对学生的学习有很大影响的新计划诞生了。come
into being意为“产生，开始存在” ，have a great effect on 意为“对……产生很大影响”。故选D项。
【点睛】通过句中所给词摘出固定用法，在平时需要多加积累。
4. C
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：把这张纸条作为提醒，以防你在那里购物时忘记给孩子们买糖果。A.
while然而；B. since因为；C. in case以防；D. even if即使。根据“Take the note as a reminder”可知，用纸
条作提醒，以防购物时忘记给孩子们买糖果，用in case引导目的状语从句。故选C。
5. B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：已经成功地组织了一些活动，Jackson对他自己变得更自信，并决定当一
个主持人。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Jackson和organize之间是主动关系，且
该动作发生在谓语动作“变”之前，应用现在分词的完成式having done，故选B项。
6. B
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：虽然David取得了很大的进步，但他仍然努力学习。A. because 因为；B.
though 虽然，尽管；C. unless 除非；D. if 是否，如果。由句意可知前后句为让步关系，所以应使用表示
让步的从属连词though(虽然，尽管)引导该从句，故选B项。
7. B
【解析】试题分析：考查介词短语的辨析。In spite of虽然，尽管…；On account of考虑到，基于，由于；
Regardless of不管，不顾；Instead of代替，而不是。句意：考虑到他对乡村知识的了解，John被任命为我
们的向导。故选B。
考点：考查介词短语的辨析
8. C
【解析】考查it作形式主语。句意：学生在短时间内记住单词是不容易的。It is not easy for sb. to do sth.做
某事对某人来说是不容易的，固定句型；此处it作形式主语，真正的主语的动词不定式。故选C。
9. B【解析】考查不定式的省略。句意：——布莱克先生这个周末会去参加开幕式吗？——不，他最终决定不
去了。分析句子可知，“decide not to do sth.”意为“决定不做某事”，为不定式作宾语，为了避免重复，
句中涉及不定式的省略，即单独使用不定式符号“to”代替动词不定式中被省略的部分，否定形式为“not
to”，故空格处应填“not to”。故选B项。
10. B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：前不久在中央一台播放的电视剧是为了纪念这一事件一百周年。 in
command of“控制；指挥”；in honor of“为了纪念……”；in place of“代替”；in search of“寻找”。故选
B。
11. C
【解析】试题分析: 句意：我要去给女儿再买一本有意思的小说，一本她会喜欢的小说。that 指代不可数
名词或者特指的单数名词；one指代单数可数名词，表示泛指概念；it 特指上文提到的单数名词；what是
疑问代词，用来引导从句，而此处是做novel的同位语，是泛指，相当于a novel，故答案选C。
考点：考查不定代词。
12. C
【解析】考查时态。句意：如果你想准时到达机场，你最好马上出发。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，主
句是had better结构，表示将来，所以if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时态，be动词+动词不定式表示
将来。故选C。
13. B
【解析】考查不定代词用法。句意：我很饿，你能给我一些美味的好吃的东西吗？通常something用于肯
定句，anything用于疑问句或否定句中。有时候something也用于疑问句表示希望得到对方肯定回答；如果
有形容词修饰不定代词，则要放在不定代词的后面。根据句意可知，此处希望得到对方肯定回答，应用
something。故选B项。
14. B
【解析】考查地点状语从句。句意：在失业率与犯罪率高的地方，犯罪都是由失业引起的。根据句意“失
业率与犯罪率高的地方，犯罪都是由失业引起的”可知，本句为where引导的地点状语从句。故选B项。
15. C
【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词做状语。过去分词作状语，用来说明谓语动作发生的背景或情况。句
意：因为有必要的知识和技能，汤姆极有信息的去招聘市场了。故选D。
考点：考查非谓语动词做状语。
16. B【解析】考查不定式。句意：新技术的目的是使生活更便捷，而不是让生活更困难。动词不定式表示目的，
根据句意这里表示否定，用不定式的否定not to do。故选B项。
17. D
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：交通规则规定体重在40磅以下的儿童必须坐在儿童安全座椅上。动词
weigh和children之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故选D。
18. A
【解析】考查目的状语从句。句意：这两位男士用很低的声音交谈，目的是不让别人听到他们在说什么。
so that以便，以致，结果是 ；as if 好像；because因为；when当……时候。结合句意可知，此处用so that
引导目的状语从句。故选A项。
19. D
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有向导，你会迷路的。A. nust必须；B. dare敢；C.
should应该；D. could能，可以，可能。由语意可知，没有导游的话你就可能迷路，另一层含义就是也有
可能不会迷路，因此要使用情态动词表推测的这一用法。故选D项。
20. A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这部喜剧中，一个名叫迈克尔·奥赫的无家可归的少年被一个富裕的家
庭收养，他成长为一名明星运动员，预计将在NFL选秀大会上被第一轮选中。分析句子结构可知take与逻
辑主语a homeless teenager 构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故选A。
21. A
【解析】考查形容词和副词辨析。句意：立即停止非法狩猎！A. immediately立即地；B. likely可能的；C.
unusually异常地；D. equally同样地。分析句子可知，空格处表示的意思是“立即地”在句子中充当状语
修饰动词Stop, 副词immediately符合句意。故选A项。
22. C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析和非谓语动词。句意：研究非鸟类恐龙的研究人员惊奇地发现，在一颗恐龙蛋
中保存完好的胚胎以鸟类的姿势躺着。A. preserving保存 … laying摆放，产卵； B. reserving 保留…
sitting坐； C. preserved 保存 … lying躺； D. reserved 保留… seated使……就坐。根据句意可知，此处
指一个胚胎完美地保存在一颗恐龙蛋里，应用动词preserve，且此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，embryo和
preserve之间是逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词；第二空应用非谓语动词作状语，表示“躺着”用lie，它和
逻辑主语embryo之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。综上，故选C。
【点睛】
23. D【解析】D点拨 what 引导宾语从句，that 指代上文提到的内容，在后一句中做主语，前后是and连接的
并列句。
24. D
【解析】考查介词和情态动词。句意：——我的邮件戴芙一封也没回复。——他肯定有什么事情。respond
to为固定搭配，意为“回应”；must have done肯定做过，表示对过去情况的肯定推测。故选D项。
25. D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：存下了一点钱后，吉米能给他妈妈买一盏漂亮的新灯了。分析句子可知，
save做状语，用非唯一的动词形式，句子主语Jimmy和save之间是逻辑上的主动关系，“save a little
money”的动作在主句谓语动词的动作“was able to buy…”之前发生，因此用现在分词完成式作状语。故选
D。
26. B
【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词 。句意：为了进入 美国，我们必须提升自己的英语口语能力。根据
语境可知表示目的状语，故选B项。
27. D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——我怎么也打不通总经理办公室的电话。——占线。一定有人在用电话。
根据“The line is busy”可知，有人一定正在用电话，“一定正在做某事”是must be doing，故选D。
28. D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：下个月举行的会议一定会取得巨大成功。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语
动词is bound to be，空处需填非谓语动词，根据时间状语next month可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，
表示将来。故选D。
29. A
【解析】试题分析：考查连词辨析；A. all at once同时； 一起；突然；忽然；B. in addition另外，除此之
外;并且; C. in return作为报答，反过来； D. as well也，还有；句意：我们正野餐的时候突然来了倾盆大雨，
真是令人扫兴。倾盆大雨忽然而至，故选A
考点：考查连词辨析
30. C
【解析】考查might have done的用法。句意：你昨天没有去参加聚会，要不然的话我可能就已经看见你了。
根据句意可知，此处表示对过去事情没有把握的肯定推测，应用might have done“可能已经做了某事”。故
选C。
31. A【解析】试题分析：考查介词的使用。A除了，表示对前面肯定的否定补充；B除了……还，表示对前面
的肯定追加；C除了，与besides同义；D代替，反而。句意：帕特里克上个月买的那辆车棒极了，唯一的
一点小问题就是有点旧。故选A。
32. B
【解析】在英语中，have (big/great/huge) trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意思是：做某事有
（很）大的困难/麻烦。分析此句，可知这是一个省略了关系代词的定语从句，they have的前面可以加上关
系代词that 或者which，指代先行词great trouble，故可分析出这个句子的结构是they have great trouble
solving the problem，根据句意，可知选B。
句意：
--打扰了，这些座位是空的吗？-- 对不起，先生。这些位置已经被订了。
33. C
【解析】考查冠词。句意：妈妈，我把你给我买的作为生日礼物的钻石戒指弄丢了。你打扫我的卧室时能
注意一下吗？diamond ring由定语从句you bought for me as my birthday present限定，第一空表示特指钻石
戒指，应用定冠词the，第二空keep an eye out for sb./sth.意为“留心或注意某人或某物”。故选C。
34. A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：先生，你不应该坐在这个候车室里。这个候车室是专门为女士和儿童而设
的。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. will将；C. won’t不会；D. needn’t不必要。Should用于第二、三人称，表示命
令或建议。此处是说话者提出建议或要求。故选A项。
35. B
【解析】考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词。句意：这个穷人，又怕又累，跑出了黑暗的山洞。此处用形容词做
伴随状语，修饰形容词人用-ed形容词，修饰形容词物用-ing形容词，此处说明人The poor man的状态，
用-ed形容词tired (疲倦的)和frightened (害怕的)，tiring (令人困倦的)和frightening (引起恐惧的)修饰物。故
选 B 项。
36. D
【解析】考查连词短语辨析。句意：——一些中国学生发现在伦敦时，理解当地人很困难。——确实是。
即使他们已经学了许多语法，知道了许多单词。A.if only只要；B.now that既然；C.as if好像；D.even if即
使。根据后面的exactly，“确实”，可知，后者同意前者所讲，“许多中国学生确实理解不了当地人”，
因此和后面“他们学了许多语法和单词”是让步关系。故选D。
37. C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个男孩盼望着父母给他一份生日礼物。短语look forward to doingsth.，后跟动名词作宾语，且give与boy构成被动关系，故应用being done。故选C。
38. B
【解析】考查词组辨析。句意：与传统的4G相比，5G具有更快的数据传输速度、更低的延迟和更强的移
动性。A. in charge of负责，主管；B. in contrast to与……与……形成对照；C. in defense of为……辩护；D.
in proportion to与……成比例。此处是“5G与4G相比”，故选B。
39. C
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。The days是先行词，在定语从句________the World Expo 2010 will be held
in Shanghai中充当时间状语，所以选C。
40. B
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：我们的语文老师昨晚直到完成工作才去睡觉。A. if如果，是否；B.
until直到；C. since自从，因为；D. because因为。根据“Our Chinese teacher didn’t go to bed”可知，本题考
查not... until... ，意为“直到……才……，不到……不……”，until引导时间状语从句。故选B。
41. D
【解析】试题分析：考查情态动词。句意：老师没有想像到一个数学成绩优秀的学生竟然没有通过考试。
情态动词should在此表示吃惊、怀疑的语气，译为“竟然会……”，故选D项。
考点：考查情态动词
42. B
【解析】试题分析： 考查非谓语动词 。句意：安娜已经来内蒙两年了，在这做一个志愿教师。Working
做伴随状语，故选B项。
考点 : 考查非谓语动词
43. D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：其中一名因考试作弊而被大学开除的学生在奶牛场做兼职工作。句中有
谓语worked，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰One of the students，且动词expel(开除)
和One of the students是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故选D。
44. B
【解析】考查固定句型。句意:汤姆从没想到他可能会爱上她。根据句意可知，该题是考查句型It
occurs/occurred to sb. that...表示“某人想到……”，It是形式主语，后面是真正的主语从句。主语从句中，
句子结构完整，只起引导作用，所以用连接词that引导。故选B项。
45. A
【解析】考查it做形式宾语。句意：为了赢得员工的信任，你的工厂应该确保账目和操作尽可能透明。seeto意为“确保，务必”，此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that accounts and operations are as transparent as
possible，故选A项。
46. B
【解析】这题考查情态动词对过去的虚拟，couldn’t have done“过去不可能做…，而实际上做了”，句意是：
没有你的努力，我们不可能取得这么大的进步，（而实际上取得了）。选B。
47. C
【解析】试题分析：考查情景交际和时态。句意：你爸爸是一中的英语老师吗？不！但是他在那里教过十
年英语。根据句意可知，他爸爸以前教英语，现在已经不再教书了。应该用一般过去时。现在完成时指动
作已经结束或动作对现在造成了影响；现在完成进行时指动作发生在过去，还会持续下去；过去完成时使
用的前提是，出现一个过去的动作。排除A、B、C；故选C。
48. C
【解析】考查介词和固定短语。句意：新生们给我留下了深刻的印象，因为他们对自己的高中生活充满信
心。第一空：表达“给某人留下深刻印象”用固定短语leave a deep impression on sb.；第二空：表达
“对……有信心”用固定短语have confidence in。故选C。
49. D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们期待看到有所改善的极其糟糕的工作条件一定引起了当地政府的关
注。look forward to结构中的to为介词，其后跟动名词。句子核心结构为“The worse working conditions
must have attracted the local government’s attention.”。we are looking forward to seeing improved为定语从句，
修饰先行词conditions；关系代词在定语从句中作seeing的宾语且被省略，improved为宾语补足语，表被动。
故D选项正确。
50. C
【解析】考查固定用法。句意：近年来，由于归国留学生人数的激增，外国学位持有者的吸引力逐渐减弱。
本句为with的复合结构，shoot与overseas students构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作原因状语，故
选C。
51. A
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：《流浪的地球》改编自雨果奖得主刘慈欣的短篇小说，是假日电影市场上
最大的赢家。分析句子结构及选项可知， from the short story written by Hugo Award Winner Liu Cixin是分
词短语作状语，主语＂The Wandering Earth ＂与adapt之间为被动关系，所以要用过去分词。故A选项正
确。
【点睛】非谓语动词是考试考查的重点，要掌握它的用法。首先，要弄清楚填空处要填的是非谓语。其次，要知道非谓语动词的三种形式：现在分词表示主动进行、过去分词表示被动完成、动词不定式表示目的和
将要。再次，要知道非谓语动作与谓语动作是同时发生还是先后发生，还是将要发生。其中分词做状语的
考查尤为重要。
分析句子结构及选项可知， from the short story written by Hugo Award Winner Liu Cixin是分词短语作状
语，主语＂The Wandering Earth ＂与adapt之间为被动关系，所以要用过去分词。故A选项正确。
52. B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：转过身来，我看见一个白发的男人，后来我发现他是我的英语老师。分
析句子结构可知turn与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选B。
53. C
【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：——已经7:30了，他还没有去做核酸！——是的，他本应该去
做的。根据句意可知，此处意为“本应该做，却没做……”，应用情态动词+have done，表达为ought to
have done，故此处答语应为“Well, he ought to have (taken it)”，故选C。
54. B
【解析】考查非谓语动词和系动词。句意：当别人问这个女孩私人问题时，她往往会生气。根据tend to
do“往往会；常常就”，可知tend后用动词不定式做宾语；get angry“生气”，此处get是系动词，后用形容
词作表语，故选B。
55. A
【解析】考查形容词。句意：IT使沟通更加方便。A. convenient形容词，方便的；B. convenience名词，方
便；C. conveniently副词，便利地；D. conveniences名词复数，便利的事物（或设施）。much more后跟形
容词，此处作宾补，表示“方便的”应用名词convenient。故选A。
56. A
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：因为忙于照顾三个小孩子，她现在无法与你说话。be occupied in doing：忙
于做某事。这里考查过去分词作原因状语的用法，逗号前相当于原因状语从句：Because she is fully
occupied in looking after three small children。故选A。
57. A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：他们共有的关于他们学校的记忆是校服。 A. of……的；B. on在…之上；
C.to对于；D. with和…在一起。the memory of sth.对某物的记忆。故选A
58. A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：随着电脑越来越流行，一种古老的计算工具——算盘将会被淘汰。A.
on the way out即将灭亡，即将过时；B. in use在使用中；C. out of the way闭塞的，偏僻的，人迹罕至的；D. in the way挡道，阻碍。根据句意，这里指电脑的出现使得算盘即将过时、被淘汰。故选A项。
59. B
【解析】试题分析：考查短语辨析。句意：第一次跟一群人谈话让我感到很糟糕。for the first time第一次，
单独使用，不能引导从句；the first time+句子，意为“第一次......”；It is/was the first/second/... time that sb
have/has/had done sth.某人第几次做某事，故选B。
考点：考查短语辨析
60. C
【解析】考查推测句。句意：——为什么！我昨天下午打不通你的电话啊。——你打电话的时候，我们一
定在院子里放风筝。对过去情况的肯定推测用must+have done，根据句意可知此处是对昨天下午打电话时
正在发生的动作的推测应使用must+have been doing。故选C。
二、
61. they attempted many scientific experiments
【解析】考查动词和时态。空处需填句子主干部分“他们试图进行许多科学试验”，主语“他们”用代词
they表达，谓语动词“试图（进行）”动词attempt表达，根据时间状语During these two years可知，陈述
过去的事实，用一般过去时；宾语“很多科学试验”用many scientific experiments。故填they attempted
many scientific experiments。
62. tailored to
【解析】考查非谓语动词。be tailored to可定制……，修饰名词advertisements，所以用过去分词作定语。
根据句意，故填tailored to。
63. in the convenience
【解析】考查固定短语。In the convenience of是固定短语，意为“借助……的便利”，故填in the
convenience。
64. Not only can also
【解析】考查倒装句。表示“不仅”应用not only；表示“能够”应用can；表示“也”应用also，not only
置于句首，句子使用部分倒装，将情态动词can前置，句首单词首字母大写。故填①Not only can；
②also。
65. see eye to eye
【解析】考查动词、固定短语。根据句意，表示“与某人达成一致”为固定短语see eye to eye with stb.，
符合题干；空前有情态动词cannot，故第一空需要填动词原形。故填see，eye，to，eye。
66. as much money as【解析】考查短语。表示“像/如某人想象得那么多+名词”应使用固定搭配“as much+不可数名词+as sb
thinks”或“as many+可数名词+as sb thinks”，money为不可数名词，故应使用much修饰。故填as much
money as。
67. dispute
【解析】考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应填名词作宾语，根据句意可知，此空为“争端”英语为
dispute，此处指的是工作条件方面的这个争端，所以为单数。故填dispute。
68. to like-minded support
【解析】考查介词、形容词和非谓语动词。appeal to呼吁，like-minded志同道合的，support支持；根据句
意以及句子结构可知本句使用固定动词搭配appeal to sb to do…呼吁某人做……；第一空格处缺少介词to；
第二空格处缺少形容词like-minde充当定语修饰名词people；第三空格处构成不定式充当宾语补足语，此
处缺少动词原形support。故填to; like-minded; support。
69. as well as Chinese and maths
【解析】考查固定词组。句意：同语文和数学一样，英语也很重要。分析句子可知，英语同语文，数学一
样重要，as well as固定搭配“即……又……，此外”。故填as well as Chinese and maths。
70. am always looking forward to admire the autumn moon
【解析】考查固定短语、动词和时态。分析句子可知，句子为“when”引导的非限制性定语从句，根据句
意可知，此处可用always和进行时连用，表示一种强烈的愿望。“look forward to”意为“期盼”，“am
always looking forward to”表示“一直期盼着”；“admire”，意为“欣赏”，动词词性，情态动词“can”后
接动词原形，“admire the autumn moon”表示“赏秋月”。故填am always looking forward to；admire the
autumn moon。
71. main idea; Any advice
【解析】考查名词和省略句。根据汉语句意可知，表示“大意”可用main idea，作宾语；表示“有什么建
议吗”可直接用省略的疑问句Any advice?。故填main idea；Any advice。
72. All in all
【解析】考查固定短语。固定短语all in all表示“总的来说……”,其中第一个all位于居首，应该大写首字
母 。故填All in all。
73. make it
【解析】考查固定短语。结合语境表示“及时赶到，赶上”可知短语为make it to，且上文为短语be able to
do sth.，应填动词原形。故填make it。
74. to become a scientist【解析】考查不定式。become (成为)，a scientist (意为科学家)，空处是指wish的具体内容，且表将来的动
作，因此become a scientist用不定式形式。故填to become a scientist。
75. On average
【解析】考查介词短语。对照中英文句意可知，空处需表示“平均”之意，on average平均，固定短语，
符合题意，句首单词首字母需大写。故填On average。
76. keep open
【解析】考查动词短语。表示“留心”应用动词短语keep one’s eyes open，位于情态动词should后面，需
用动词原形。故填①keep②open。
77. in
【解析】考查介词。句意：在众多的关键点中，有一个尤其引起了我的注意。in particular尤其，特别。根
据句意，故填in。
78. admitted having stolen
【解析】考查固定结构和时态。admit doing sth为“承认做了某事”，主句didn’t表明用一般过去时，偷钱
动作已经发生，应用动名词的完成时做宾语，强调已发生的动作对现在的影响。故填admitted having
stolen。
79. belong to
【解析】考查固定短语和不定式。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“属于”，是固定短语belong to，
seem to do是固定短语，意为“好像做什么”，因此空格处动词用原形，故填belong；to。
80. ranging from to
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子，句中attract为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词，此处表示主
动伴随，故使用现在分词作状语。根据汉语提示，表示“从……到……范围”，应该使用range
from...to...。故填ranging form ;to。
81. due to
【解析】考查固定短语。be due to由于，该短语是固定短语，后面接名词，所以填due to。
82. go through all the hardships
【解析】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“渡过”可知短语为go through，can后跟动词原形；表示“一切难
关”短语为all the hardships。故填go through all the hardships。
83. played a part/role in this film played an important role/part
【解析】(1)考查动词短语。play a part/role in…在……中起作用，在……中扮演角色。故填：played a
part/role in this film。(2)考查动词短语。句意：John在这次会议的成功召开方面起了很重要的作用。play a part/role in…在……中
起作用，在……中扮演角色。故填：played an important role/part。
84. were relieved to
【解析】考查谓语，句子结构。表示“放下心来”，指的是心里的担心焦虑都消除了，如释重负，可使用
短语be relieved，在句子中作谓语，根据后面“... was out of danger.”可知应使用一般过去时，，主语是
we，谓语动词用复数；表示“听说...而放心”需用动词不定式在形容词relieved后面做原因状语。故填
①were②relieved③to。
85. away
【解析】考查固定搭配。结合句意可知表示“逐渐消失”，用短语fade away，填入away符合题意。故填
away。
86. it hard to focus on anything else in your life.
【解析】考查形式宾语，动词不定式，形容词，固定短语。make+it+adj.+to do sth为做某事是怎么样的，it
做形式宾语，动词不定式为真正宾语；hard表示艰难的；focus on为集中于……，anything else表示任何其
他的事情；所以“很难把精力放在其他事情上”，it hard to focus on anything else；在生活中为in your
life。故答案为it hard to focus on anything else in your life。
87. with (their) hands red and cold
【解析】考查固定搭配。根据句子意思和结构要求，这里考查with复合结构，表示“他们的手”应用名词
短语their hands，做介词with的宾语，“他们”是指上文提到的“孩子们”，为了避免重复，这里可以省
略；表示“又红又冷”应用形容词短语 red and cold，做宾补。故填with (their) hands red and cold。
88. vital to obey traffic rules
【解析】考查形容词、动词、名词和短语。根据句意可知，表示“重要的”用形容词vital；表示“遵守”
用动词obey；表示“交通规则”用短语traffic rules；分析句式结构再根据空格前的it is可知，此处可用固
定句式it is+形容词+to do sth。故答案为①vital②to③obey④traffic⑤rules。
89. makes us feel better
【解析】考查时态和短语。根据中英文提示，此处为“让我们感觉更好”，可以使用句型make sb. do
sth“让某人做某事”和feel better“好受，感觉更好”，即make us feel better，分析句子可知，that引导定语
从句，make作定语从句谓语，根据句意和前文的refers to可知用一般现在时，that指代不可数名词food，
故make用第三人称单数，故填makes us feel better。
90. was to take care of
【解析】考查一般过去时和不定式作表语。该句是复合句，含until引导的时间状语从句；该句在描述一件过去发生的事请，所以句子用一般过去时；My job是句子主语，单数第三人称，be动词用was，后面是动
词不定式作表语；“照顾”翻译为take care of。故答案为was to take care of。
三、
91. To prevent 92. to blame 93. exposed 94. Absorbed 95. convenience 96. built 97.
consists 98. delightful 99. on 100. What
【解析】91. 考查不定式用法。句意：为了阻止这样的事情再次发生，John Snow建议所有供应的水的来源
都要检查。句中不定式短语to prevent this from happening again在句中作目的状语，说明检查来源的目的。
所有要填To prevent。
92. 考查不定式固定句式。句意：这不是他的错。我应该因为没有向他讲清楚整个事情而受到责备。固定
句式sb be to blame for sth意为“某人应该为某事受到责备”，该句式使用主动语态表示被动含义。所以要
填to blame。
93. 考查过去分词用法。句意：当时当他想起帮助接触到霍乱的普通人的时候，他感觉很受鼓舞。动词短
语expose sb to sth意为“让某人接触到某物”，本句中ordinary people与动词expose构成被动关系，要用
过去分词短语作定语修饰ordinary people。所以要填过去分词exposed。
94. 考查分词用法。句意：专注于他的书，他忘记了吃午饭。动词短语absorb sb in sth意为“让某人专注
于…”，本句中过去分词absorbed转换成形容词，意为“专注于…”，在句中说明主语he的情况。所以要
填Absorbed。
95. 考查名词。句意：为了方便，它粗略地被分成三个时区。横线所填词作介词for的宾语，要用名词形式。
所以要填convenience。
96. 考查分词用法。句意：伦敦有公元一世纪罗马人修建的最古老的港口。句中名词port与动词build构成
被动关系，用过去分词短语在句中作定语修饰port。所以要填built。
97. 考查主谓一致和时态。句意：皇室由国王王后和他们的亲戚组成。动词短语consist of意为“由…组
成”，没有被动语态和进行时。本句主语“the royal family”是一个集体名词，在本句中表示一个整体，谓
语动词使用单数形式。且本句对一般情况的说明，要用一般现在时。所以要填consists。
98. 考查形容词。句意：那是一个令人愉快的聚会，他很高兴地接受了邀请。句中要用形容词做定语修饰
名词party，所以句中要填delight的形容词delightful修饰名词party。所以答案为delightful。
99. 考查介词。句意：张平宇发现女王的珠宝由专门的皇家卫兵保护，在这个特别的场合，这些卫兵还穿
着400多年前伊丽莎白一世的制服。名词occasion通常与介词on连用，所以句中要填介词on。
100. 考查主语从句连词。句意：最让她感兴趣的是经线。句中what引导主语从句并在句中充当主语。所
以要填What。四、
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101. depend 102. why 103. and
【解析】这是一篇说明文。世界上数以亿计的穷人依靠木材来做饭。然而，文章介绍了Dr. Metcalf创造的
一个组织。这是一个向发展中国家介绍太阳能炊具并教人们如何使用它们的组织。
101. 考查时态。句意：世界上数以亿计的穷人依靠木材来做饭。固定搭配：depend on“依赖”。这里在叙
述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时态，且主语是people，复数形式，故填depend。
102. 考查表语从句。句意：这就是梅特卡夫博士每年夏天都在非洲的原因。此处是why引导的表语从句，
故填why。
103. 考查并列连词。句意：这是一个向发展中国家介绍太阳能炊具并教人们如何使用它们的组织。此处是
递进的并列关系，故填and。
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104. explained 105. unsuitable 106. cooking 107. being taken 108. it 109. settlement
110. to work 111. election 112. that/which 113. is
【解析】104. 考查非谓语动词。句意：到现在你应该已理解这条交通规则了，已经给你解释得够多了。此
处考查"have +宾语+宾补"结构，因explain和it是被动关系，故用动词-ed形式作宾语补足语。故填
explained。
105. 考查形容词。句意：妈妈不喜欢我在正式场合穿裙子，她觉得不合适。由空前的they're可知，空处应
填形容词。结合句意可知，此处表示“不合适的”，切题。故填unsuitable。
106. 考查非谓语动词。句意：Carrie 走进厨房，发现她的儿子正在做饭。”find+宾语+宾补"是固定用法，
此处表示动作正在进行，且her son与cook之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填cooking。
107. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我忘记不了10岁时被带往夏威夷度假。根据句意可知，此处表示“忘记以
前做过的事”，要用forget doing. sth.；且take与主语I是被动关系。故填being taken。
108. 考查固定搭配。句意：买这辆新汽车花了很多钱，但确实物有所值。be worth+名词/doing是固定搭配，
意为“值得”，it作代词指代前文出现的car“车”。故填it。
109. 考查名词。句意：如果双方做出让步，他们可以达成双方都能接受的协议。根据空前的冠词a可知，
此处应填名词settlement，表示“（解决争端的）协议，和解”。故填settlement。
110. 考查固定搭配。句意：我们将会被训练如何做一名调解员。此处考查"疑问词+to do"作宾语。故填to
work。
111. 考查名词。句意：让我们高兴的是，王老师赢得了足球俱乐部主席的竞选。根据句意可知，此处意为“选举”切题。故填election。
112. 考查定语从句。句意：最终，他到了一座完全与外界隔绝的荒岛。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语
从句，修饰前面的名词island（指物），且关系词在定语从句中作主语。故填that或 which。
113. 考查主谓一致。句意：在阅览室里大声说话被认为是不礼貌的（行为）。分析句子结构可知，动词-
ing形式短语作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。故填is。
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114. saying a 115. a 116. a
【解析】114. 考查现在分词和冠词。句意：当我们收到一个电话说她入围候选人了，我们认为那是一个笑
话。名词a call和动词say是逻辑上的主谓关系，表主动，所以第一空用现在分词（doing）做名词的后置
定语，第一空填saying ；joke是可数名词的单数，所以第二空用不定冠词a表泛指。故填saying和a。
115. 考查冠词。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。as a result是固定搭配，意为“结
果”。故填a。
116. 考查冠词。句意：但与学校朋友不同的是，16岁的莎拉没有花半个学期的时间休息；相反，她在纽约
当模特每天挣6500英镑。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处指“一个”，表泛指，用a。故填
a。
【点睛】非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式（to do），动名词（doing），分词：现在分词（doing），过去
分词（done）。主谓关系表主动，用doing；动宾关系表被动，用done。在第1小题中，名词a call和动词
say是逻辑上的主谓关系，表主动，所以第一空用现在分词（doing）做名词的后置定语。故第一空填
saying。
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117. so that 118. to be used 119. that 120. representing 121. who 122. entitled 123.
belonged 124. for 125. has been recognized 126. it
【解析】本文是说明文。讲述了生日蛋糕和蜡烛的由来以及生日快乐歌的来源和创作人。数世纪前生日是
为了驱除恶灵对人的伤害，人们通过点生日蜡烛向上帝发送信号或许愿。后来希腊人流传着将蜡烛插在蛋
糕上代表月亮，但据说德国人才是最先使用生日蛋糕和蜡烛的人，他们将蜡烛插在蛋糕中间比喻生命之光。
117. 考查结果状语从句。句意：据说，你应该让你朋友和家人围着你，以便他们美好的祝愿和送礼物会使
坏精灵走开。前半句you should have your friends and family around you是原因，后半句应该填表示解释结果
的连词。so that…以便；故填so that 。
118. 考查不定式的被动用法。句意：随后，蜡烛开始被使用在生日蛋糕上。start to do sth.开始做某事。此
处是蜡烛开始被使用，因此要用被动用法。故填to be used。119. 考查表语从句引导词。句意：一个关于生日蛋糕起源的故事是它起源于希腊人。One story 是主语，
谓语是系动词is，that引导宾语从句 it started with the Greeks，并在句中不充当成分。故填that。
120. 考查非谓语动词。句意：希腊人给月神做圆蛋糕象征着满月。make sb./sth. do用法，此处represent 与
蛋糕cakes 是主动关系，采用doing的形式。故填representing。
121. 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。这歌在1893年由两姐妹Patty and Mildred Hill创作，她们是肯塔基
州路易斯维尔的教师。分析句子成分，先行词two sisters, Patty and Mildred Hill，在非限制性定语从句缺少
了主语，故填关系词who。
122. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这歌曲起初被用来作为早晨问候给学生打招呼，取名为“所有人早上好”。
music 作为a morning greeting 与entitle是被动关系，entitle应是过去分词的形式，故填entitled。
123. 考查时态和语态。the Hill sisters句意：1935年，这歌曲在法律上属于Hill sisters。belong to意为“属
于”，无被动形式，时态为一般过去时，该用过去式，故填belonged。
124. 考查介词。句意：在1989年他们花了2200多美元买下它。for more than $22 million, for+价格表示花
了多少钱， 故填介词for。
125. 考查现在完成时的被动用法。句意：“生日快乐”现在已经被认可并被翻译成为许多不同的语言。
and 连接并列谓语动词，has been translated into 是现在完成时的被动，分析句子可知，此处也该用现在完
成时的被动，has后面是过去分词，recognized意为“认可”，故填has been recognized。
126. 考查代词。句意：并且所有孩子仍热衷于创作这歌的新版本。it指代上文的歌曲“祝你生日快乐”，
指代上文出现的同一事物，故填it。
