21 应用文写作之词汇策略
【策略精析】
应用文写作常见的词句错误
语言是评判作文的一个极其重要的因素。在实际的阅卷过程中，语法错误，尤其是较为严重的错误，
是阅卷老师的主要“照顾点”。因此，认清各种各样的语法错误，尽可能地少犯，对于提高作文分是有
极大的帮助的。
错误1：句子成分残缺不全
(1)We always working till late at night before taking exams.
改：We always work till late at night before taking exams.
(2)We should read books may be useful to us.
改：We should read books which may be useful to us.
错误：句子成分多余
(1)This test is end，but there is another test is waiting for you.
改：One test ends，but another is waiting for you.
(2)The driver of the red car was died on the spot.
改：The driver of the red car died on the spot.
错误：主谓不一致
(1)Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective.
改：Some think that reading should be selective.
(2)My sister go to the cinema at least once a week.
改：My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week.
错误：动词时态、语态的误用
(1)I was walking along the road，and there are not so many cars on the street.
改：I was walking along the road and there were not so many cars on the street.
(2)We have little time to read some books which we interest.
改：We have little time to read some books in which we are interested.
(3)I am a student who has studying in the college for two years.
改：I have been studying in the college for two years.
错误：词类混淆
(1)Honest is so important for everyone.
改：Honesty is so important for everyone.
(2)The old man was hit by a car when he across the street.改：The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street.
应用文写作的选词策略
从高考书面表达的评分标准可知，用词是否准确、出彩在一定程度上决定了作文能否得高分。高考
英语书面表达评分标准也鼓励考生使用高级词汇，但使用高级词汇并不等于使用一些偏难、古怪的词汇
而是使用一些表意准确、形象生动、语法正确且符合以英语为母语的人的习惯表达方式的词汇。在使用
词汇时，我们可以尝试如下方法。
1.无重复原则——求雅变异
写作时应尽量避免重复使用相同的词语，要用贴切多样的词语来展示自己的词汇水平。用词不同、
表达方式迥异，也是词汇高级用法的体现。恰当地使用同义词不仅可以体现雅致的文风，还有利于增强
段落的统一性和连贯性。
By learning English I have broadened my mental horizons and increased my knowledge in different fields.
→By learning English I have broadened my mental horizons and increased my knowledge in various fields.
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
通过学英语我开阔了我的视野，增加了我在各领域的知识。
2.具体化原则——生动贴切
所谓词义具体化原则是指，写作中尽量避免使用意义宽泛、模糊的词，而要根据语境使用具体生动
的词。
So good do they look that I think you could be interested in them.
→So attractive and alive do they look that I think you could be interested in them.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
3.晚词优先原则——新颖高级
为了表现自己的语言功底，吸引阅卷老师的眼球，尽量用高年级阶段学到的词汇代替低年级阶段学
到的词汇。
Aimed to help us to know the importance of working，an activity themed “Working is the most beautiful” was
held last week.
→Aimed to help us to be aware of the importance of working，an activity themed “Working is the most
beautiful” was held last week.(2019·北京卷满分作文)
4.短语优先原则——凑词增色
用短语代替单词或词块不仅会使文章增加亮点，而且如果关键时刻思维短路，用短语凑字是一个很
好的选择。
(1)形容词变短语的方法：of＋同根名词
形容词 对应短语
very important of great importance
very useful of great usevery valuable of great value
very beneficial of great benefit
very helpful of great help
Working as a volunteer will be very beneficial to my oral English.
→Working as a volunteer will be of great benefit to my oral English.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
(2)动词变短语的方法：同义短语替换
动词 对应短语
think hold the view
know/realize be aware of
use make use of/take advantage of
①I like playing football in my spare time.
→I’m fond of playing football in my spare time.
→I’m interested in playing football in my spare time.
→I’m crazy about playing football in my spare time.
→I’m addicted to playing football in my spare time.
②I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.
→I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account/consideration.
[注意] 并不是短语一定会比单词好，要根据具体情况，有时候贴切传神的单词要比短语更合适。
We can look at this problem in many ways.
→We can view this problem in many ways.(view比look at更有内涵)
很多考生作文裹足不前的一个重要原因是反复用初中学过的“第一反应词”，背了大量的靓词妙语
而不用。建议大家在想到一个表达时，务必要想一想还有没有更好的表达方式，这就是我们平时常讲的
“头脑风暴法”。例如：beautiful→attractive/charming，difficult→tough/challenging.
[注意] 高级词汇一定要使用合理、得体，以能够完成表达任务为目的，简单地不加分别地堆砌所谓
的高级词汇不仅不能让你的作文增色添彩，而且会令阅卷者心生厌恶。
应用文写作的词句升级策略
一篇优秀的书面表达首先内容要全、段落层次清晰、行文逻辑通顺连贯，同时还要注意恰当地运用
强调句、倒装句、复合句及含有非谓语动词的高级句式，彰显考生的丰富的语言内涵。但是，在使用句
式时，应遵循以下原则：高级但不造作，多变但不离谱，复杂但不晦涩。平时要注重有意识地积累和背
诵原汁原味的英语句子和文章，有意识地尝试使用或模仿。
策略1：特殊句式的运用
1.运用强调句
强调句型的使用是为了突出强调句子的某一部分，它是一种比较容易掌握的高级表达方式。其构成：(1)强调句型基本结构为“It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分”。
(2)借助于助动词do/does/did对谓语动词进行强调。
With your generous help，I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.
→It is with your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.
I do hope you can make progress in Chinese learning.
2.运用倒装句，以示强调
在写作中，倒装句应用比较广泛，涉及的句型也比较多，包括部分倒装和全部倒装。常见的有：
(1)“only＋状语”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
We can raise people’s awareness of protecting our environment only in this way.
→Only in this way can we raise people’s awareness of protecting our environment.
(2)none，neither，nor，not，never，hardly，little，seldom等否定词，以及由no构成的否定短语，如at no
time，by no means等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
We had hardly arrived at the farm when we saw many oranges hanging from the branches.
→Hardly had we arrived at the farm when we saw many oranges hanging from the branches.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ
满分作文)
(3)在so/such...that...结构中，当so/such...位于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装。
She is so patient with each student that we all like her.
→So patient with each student is she that we all like her.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
(4)as，though引起的倒装句。
Our school life is busy.We should never forget to spare some time to do exercise and build our body.
→Busy as our school life is，we should never forget to spare some time to do exercise and build our body.
(5)表方位的副词或者表地点的介词短语置于句首且句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装。
An old temple which dates back to Ming Dynasty stands at the foot of the mountain.
→At the foot of the mountain stands an old temple，which dates back to Ming Dynasty.
3.运用省略句，避免不必要的重复
If it is possible，avoid going to crowded public places such as cinemas，shopping malls and Internet bars and so
on.
→If possible，avoid going to crowded public places such as cinemas，shopping malls and Internet bars and so
on.
策略2：三大句式的运用
1.运用定语从句，让表述更丰满
①We all know that Chinese food has become increasingly popular around the world.
→As is known to us，Chinese food has become increasingly popular around the world.②The activity’s aim is to draw attention to environmental protection.It provides a platform for participants to
remind people that we should care about nature.
→The activity，whose aim is to draw attention to environmental protection，provides a platform for
participants to remind people that we should care about nature.
③Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race，among whom thirty were girls.(2020·新高考卷
Ⅰ满分作文)
2.运用名词性从句
①What puzzles me most about the play is how we should use proper stage language for different roles.(2020·
全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
②What you told me about your country broadened my horizons and aroused my interest in foreign culture.
(2019·浙江卷满分作文)
3.运用状语从句
The task is tough.There is no doubt that we will overcome all the difficulties and succeed.
→No matter how/However tough the task is，there is no doubt that we will overcome all the difficulties and
succeed.
策略3：活用非谓语动词
1.运用非谓语动词整合简单句，提升表达档次
①I know you are fond of classical music.I’d like to invite you to participate in a Chinese classical music concert.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
→Knowing that you are fond of classical music，I’d like to invite you to participate in a Chinese classical music
concert.
②We were bathed in sunshine，we sang and laughed while picking organges.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
→Bathed in sunshine，we sang and laughed while picking organges.
③After lunch，we spent some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games.It made them very happy.
→After lunch，we spent some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games，making them very
happy.
→After lunch，we spent some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games，which made them very
happy.
2.运用非谓语动词简化复合句，使语言简练
①I am more than happy to know that you are planning to travel to China.
→Knowing that you are planning to travel to China，I feel very happy.
②I’m glad to know that you are launching a campaign which is aimed at making your classmates have a betterunderstanding of China.
→I’m glad to know that you are launching a campaign aimed at making your classmates have a better
understanding of China.
策略4：用感叹进行强调
What a wonderful time we had! Not only did it give us relaxation，but also it got us closer to nature.(2020·全
国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
附：高级表达，佳作之道
It goes without saying that...毋庸置疑……
As the old saying goes，...常言道，……
I hold the view/belief that...“我持……观点/我认为……”
I wonder if...我想知道是否……
It is strongly recommended that...强烈建议……
It is(high/about) time that＋主语＋did/should do该是……的时候了
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问．..
I sincerely hope that...我真诚地希望……
I feel it a great honour to do sth做某事我感到很荣幸
①I wonder if you’d be so kind that you can pick him up at the airport and take him to the hotel.
②I feel it a great honour to deliver a farewell speech here on behalf of the students in our school.
③There is no doubt that a positive attitude to the competition contributes to excellent performance.
应用文写作的细节梳理策略
在英语书面表达中，增加细节内容的描述是必不可少的。在信息提纲类写作中，考生一定不能简单
地翻译或者仅仅完成所给条目的指定内容；在看图作文中更不能只是轻描淡写图片内容，否则很有可能
造成内容不充实，词数要求不达标或者结构不连贯等问题。适当增加细节内容，能够使习作流畅、丰满
达到应有的表达效果。
1.增加同位语或定语从句
①I’m Li Hua and I’m studying at this school.
→I’m Li Hua，a Chinese student on an exchange program，and I’m studying at this school.
②I want to have a pen friend.
→I want to have a pen friend，hopefully a girl with interests similar to mine.
③The film is mainly related to the development of our school.
→The film is mainly related to the development of our school，which will greatly help us students know the
school’s history better and appeal to us to make contributions to our school’s development.
④To begin with，the theme of the show is Environment Protection.→To begin with，the theme of the show is Environment Protection，which will be not only meaningful but
also interesting.
2.列举具体的实例来补充说明
①I’ll spend some time staying with my parents.
→I’ll spend some time staying with my parents，chatting with them and doing some housework.
②In the past two weeks，we have had the cultural communication in many aspects.
→In the past two weeks，we have had the cultural communication in many aspects，such as life，study，
sports，literature，arts and so on.
3.添加与所给信息有关的原因、结果、条件、让步、手段、目的等内容
①I am more than delighted to share some details with you.(2020·银川质量检测书面表达)
→Knowing that you are interested in our “Love into the Nursing Home” activity，I am more than delighted to
share some details with you.
②I’m planning to take a part－time job in a foreign company.
→In order to get some practical experience，I’m planning to take a part－time job in a foreign company.
③The contest will be held on January 10.
→The contest will be held on January 10 with the aim of enriching students’ after －school life and
promoting Chinese traditional culture.
4.内容适当具体化
①I’m going to do some shopping.
→I’m going to do some shopping in the supermarket and won’t be back until 5：00 o’clock in the
afternoon.
②The activity will be held in Classroom 501.
→The activity will be held from 9 a．m. to 10 a．m. on April 11 in Classroom 501.
5.表达感受、评价、愿望、倡议等
①I think it is a good chance to appreciate local operas.
→I think it is a good chance to appreciate local operas，which will surely help you learn more about Chinese
culture.
②We can set out early.
→We can set out early so that we can have more time to read and select books.
③There are quite a few missing pages.
→There are quite a few missing pages，making it impossible to use.
6.补充功能性(交际性)语言
①I would appreciate it if you could take my application into account at your convenience.②I’m looking forward to your early reply.
应用文写作的词汇衔接策略
根据行文或段落需要，在句与句或段与段之间适当增加过渡词语，甚至过渡句，可以使文章浑然一
体，同时能充实文章。考生应掌握的过渡词语如下：
1. 表示“首先”的词语
表示“首先”的词汇常用在主题段落的开头，用于开篇引出扩展句。常见的词汇有：first，firstly，first of
all，to begin/start with等。
①First of all，we must make full use of every 45－minute lesson.
②To begin with，smoking should be banned in public areas.
2.表示“其次”的词语
表示“其次”的词汇常用于承接主题句或第一个扩展句。常见的词汇有：second/secondly，besides，in
addition，what’s more，furthermore，moreover等。
①Secondly，we should get up early to memorize idioms and useful expressions.
②What’s more，good books can help us to develop good characters.
③In addition，doctors are highly respected in China and in great demand ，especially highly qualified
professionals.
3.表示“最后”的词语
表示“最后”的词汇常用于承接最后一个扩展句。常见的词汇有：last/lastly，last but not least，most
importantly等。
①Last but not least，health is also very significant for us students.
②Most importantly，reading those books opened a window for me to another world and gave me a new point of
view.
4.表示“总之”的词语
表示“总之”的词汇常用于小结段落中上文的内容，引导最后一个扩展句或引导结尾句表示段落的结束
常见的词汇有：in short，in brief，in conclusion，in a/one word，to sum up，all in all，on the whole，in
general等。
In a word，success is important，and so is failure，because it’s the mother of success.
【策略精练】
1．假如你叫李华，新学期开学近四个月了，你的英语老师要求你在英语课堂上用英语和同学们交流一下
你到新学校后的感受，交流内容要求包括以下要点：
1、校园环境和教学设施；
2、师生给你的印象；3、给学校的两点建议。
注意：1、词数100词左右；
2、信的开头和结尾已为你写好, 不计入词数；
3、内容可适当发挥, 要注意行文连贯。
Hello, everyone,
I'm honored to stand here to tell you something about my school life in the past three months……
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
2．假如你是李华，你的英国好友Peter发来邮件，提到他们班有个女生总是拿他开玩笑，他为此感到恼
火。请你用英语给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示安慰；
2.提出建议；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
3．假如你是李华,你的美国网友Jack想参加一档娱乐节目中国新歌声（Sing！China），请你根据所给要
点提示给他写一封回信,告知相关事宜。
要点提示：
1. 简单介绍中国新歌声：普通人展示才艺的舞台，深受观众喜爱；吸引了世界各地的歌唱爱好者。
2. 参赛选手展示才艺：演唱、创作歌曲等；
3. 报名：网上提前报名；
4. 建议：学一些简单的汉语。
注意：1.字数100字左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 3.书写整洁。
参考词汇：参赛选手 participantDear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
4．北京获得了2022年冬奥会举办权.假如你是李华,你想申请成为2022年冬奥会的志愿者。请根据以下你
的情况介绍，写一封想成为一名志愿者的申请信。
1．乐于助人 2．英语流利 3．善于交际
要求:80词左右，开头和结尾已经给出。
参考词汇:冬奥会the Winter Olympics
Dear Sir/Madam,
Thank you for taking your time to read my letter.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
5．假定你是李华，得知你校下个月将举办71周年校庆，现面向全校学生招募志愿者，以协助接待来自
美国友谊校的老师和学生。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.个人优势；
3.能做的事情。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：友谊校 (sister school)
Dear Sir or Madam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
6．假定你是李华，想申请加入你校留学生俱乐部，以帮助外国学生学习汉语并了解中国文化。请你给俱
乐部负责人Mr. Blake写一封邮件。内容包括：
1.加入俱乐部的目的；
2.相关的个人情况。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Blake,
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
7．假定你是李华，你校将举办一场迎新晚会，请给你校交换Peter写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括：
1. 时间、地点；
2. 活动内容；
3. 期待他参加。
注意:1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
8．假定你是李华，想邀请你的交换生朋友Linda参加学校举办的中国民族舞培训班，请你给她写封邮件，
内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.活动介绍；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Linda,
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
9．为庆祝新中国成立七十周年，你们学校即将举办一次大型文艺汇演（Grand Art and Cultural Show）。
假如你是李华，请给你们学校留学生Eric写一封邮件，邀请他参加观看。
内容包括：
1. 汇演时间和地点；
2. 汇演内容和意义。
注意：
1. 词数：100左右。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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10．假定你是李华，正就读于英国某所高中，你受邀将在学校文化节期间发言。请给活动负责人Michael写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.告知发言内容；
3.选择这个内容的原因。
注意：
1.词数80左右（称呼和落款已给出，不计入总词数）；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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11．假定你是校学生会主席李津，你校新来的外教Mr. Smith周末想去当地博物馆游览，想找一名向导陪
同。得知此事后，你写信向他推荐自己。
内容要点：(1)写信目的；(2)推荐理由；(3)表达期待。
注意： (1)词数100左右；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Smith,
I’m Li Jin,
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
12．假定你是李华，你的英国网友Peter来信说他对中国家族文化很感兴趣，想进一步了解。请你给
他回信，内容包括：
1. 家族文化的重要性；
2. 传统观念（光宗耀祖、尊祖敬宗等）；3. 新时代价值（不少于两点）；
4. 好书推荐：Customs and Traditions of China。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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13．假设你校英语冬令营活动将于下周举行闭营晚会，现向全体同学征选英语节目。请你代表校学生会
用英语写一则书面通知，内容包括：
1.晚会的时间、地点；
2.节目形式；
3.报名方式。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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14．假定你是学校英语报社编辑李华，为了丰富校园生活，你校将于元旦举办云端音乐会，请你在报纸
上刊登一则通知，向同学介绍此次活动计划。内容包括：
1.时间地点；
2.活动安排；
3.欢迎参加。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：云端音乐会an online Concert 疫情epidemic
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参考答案
1．Hello, everyone,
I'm honored to stand here to tell you something about my school life in the past three months.
Our school is very beautiful. There's advanced equipment in the classroom and it helps our teachers make
their classes lively and interesting. My classmates are so excellent and diligent that I have to work extremely hard
to keep up with them. Fortunately, my teachers and classmates are all friendly and enthusiastic. I have already
made several new friends here.
However, the food in the cafeteria is very poor and I hope it can get improved. Besides, we have much
homework every day. How I wish we could have more time for physical exercise!
Thank you!
【写作分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生写篇短文，交流到新学校后的感受。
第一步：审题
体裁：说明文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在完成时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1、校园环境和教学设施；
2、师生给你的印象；
3、给学校的两点建议。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
beautiful; advanced equipment; lively and interesting; excellent and diligent; keep up with; friendly and
enthusiastic; make new friends; cafeteria; get improved; physical exercise!
第三步：连词成句
1. Our school is very beautiful.
2. There's advanced equipment in the classroom and it helps our teachers make their classes lively and interesting.
3. My classmates are so excellent and diligent that I have to work extremely hard to keep up with them.
4. Fortunately, my teachers and classmates are all friendly and enthusiastic.
5. I have already made several new friends here.6. However, the food in the cafeteria is very poor and I hope it can get improved.
7. Besides, we have much homework every day.
8. How I wish we could have more time for physical exercise!
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：Besides
2.表转折对比关系：However, so…that…
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
2．Dear Peter,
I feel so sorry to know that you’ve been going through a hard time when your classmate usually plays jokes
on you. Many students have experienced and overcome it eventually, including me, so there is no need to worry.
Maybe the following advice will be of help to you.
It’s essential to express our true feelings, especially to a real friend. Why not try to talk with the girl calmly,
informing her that you don't like such jokes? If this doesn’t work, be yourself and make friends with those who
truly like and respect you.
Keep it in mind that I always stand by you. I do hope that you're getting better, so feel free to write to me
when you are faced with any problems.
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国好友Peter写封邮件，他们班有个女生总是拿他
开玩笑，他为此感到恼火，对此提出建议并表达祝愿。
1.词汇积累
记住：remember→keep it in mind
经历：experience→go through
最终：finally→eventually
支持：support= stand by
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Many students have experienced and overcome it eventually, including me, so there is no need to worry.
拓展句：There is no need to worry because many students have experienced and overcome it eventually,
including me.
[高分句型1] I feel so sorry to know that you’ve been going through a hard time when your classmate usuallyplays jokes on you. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] If this doesn’t work, be yourself and make friends with those who truly like and respect you. (运用
了who引导定语从句)
3．Dear Jack,
I’m very glad to hear that you want to participate in the program Sing!China.
Sing!China provides a stage for ordinary people to show their talents. It is loved deeply by the audience and
introduces a lot of grassroots stars, even attracting some foreigners around the world. The participants should
show their talents, such as singing, wrtinging songs and so on. As you are a foreigner, I suggest that you learn a
little Chinese so that you will be better understood. You have to apply for it on the related webset in advance.
I sincerely hope you will be elected and come to China soon. Then I will cheer for you on the spot.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作分析】本篇是提纲类写作。
假如你是李华,你的美国网友Jack想参加一档娱乐节目中国新歌声（Sing！China），请你根据所给要点提
示给他写一封回信,告知相关事宜。
要点提示：1.简单介绍中国新歌声：普通人展示才艺的舞台，深受观众喜爱；吸引了世界各地的歌唱爱好
者。2.参赛选手展示才艺：演唱、创作歌曲等；3.报名：网上提前报名；4. 建议：学一些简单的汉语。写
作时不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯同时要把所提示的点写全，语句通顺，同时要注意准
确运用时态、语态、上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。根据句意适当使用并列连词，同时也要合理运用
高级词汇和高级句子为文章增色添彩。
4．Dear Sir/Madam,
Thank you for taking your time to read my letter. With the coming of the Winter Olympics, I’m writing to
apply to be a volunteer. Now I would like to introduce myself.
First of all, I am warmhearted and always ready to help others in need. As a result, the friends around me all
think highly of me. What’s more, I have a good command of English, which allows me to communicate with
people from foreign countries without any difficulty. At the same time, I am an easygoing boy and I am sure I can
get along well with everyone and make good friends with the athletes. If I could be accepted, I promise I will
value the chance and become a qualified volunteer.
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua【写作分析】本文为应用文中的书信作文。写信申请成为一名冬奥会的志愿者并介绍自己的实际情况。
1. 词汇积累
擅长：be good at→have a good command of
交流：talk→communicate
很容易地：easily→without any difficulty
称赞：praise→think highly of
2. 句式拓展
简单句合并复合句
原句：I am warmhearted and always ready to help others in need. As a result, the friends around me all think
highly of me.
拓展句：I am warmhearted and always ready to help others in need，because of which, the friends around me all
think highly of me.
5．Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a student in Senior Three. I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer to serve teachers and students
from our sister school in America during the ceremony of our school’s 71st anniversary, which is to be held next
month.
I think I am qualified for this job. Out-going and fluent in English, I can communicate with them well.
Besides, having studied here for three years, I am familiar with both our campus and the school history. What’s
more, after the college entrance examination, I will have abundant time to prepare for it. If I am lucky enough to
be chosen as a volunteer, I can show them around the campus and get them to know more about our school.
I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学校写一封信申请做71周年校庆的志愿者。
1.词汇积累
工作：work→job
胜任：be competent for→be qualified for
感激的：thankful→grateful
此外：in addition=besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, having studied here for three years, I am familiar with both our campus and the school history.拓展句：Besides, since I have studied here for three years, I am familiar with both our campus and the school
history.
[高分句型1] I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer to serve teachers and students from our sister school in
America during the ceremony of our school’s 71st anniversary, which is to be held next month. (运用了which引
导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, having studied here for three years, I am familiar with both our campus and the school
history. (运用了现在分词作原因状语)
6．Dear Mr. Blake,
I’m Li Hua, a girl student in Grade Two. I’m writing to apply to join the Foreign Students Club to help the
foreign students learn Chinese well and get a good understanding of Chinese culture.
I’m sure I can be a qualified member. First, I’m easy-going and love to make friends throughout the world.
Secondly, my family has so far hosted five foreign students, so I’m experienced in communicating with
foreigners. Besides, I can speak English fluently as well as having a rich knowledge of Chinese culture. I do hope
you can accept my application and I promise to do all I can to help them.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作分析】这是一篇提纲类作文。
本文要求给俱乐部负责人Mr. Blake写一封电子邮件，说明自己想申请加入校留学生俱乐部来帮助外国学
生学习汉语并了解中国文化，再介绍相关的个人情况。所给要点提示比较具体，所以难度不大。考生可
以首先根据提示列出主体内容，然后增加相应的细节，使文章内容丰富具体。切忌按照要点翻译。另外，
整篇文章应该以现在时态为主。
7．Dear Peter,
A welcome party for all the freshmen is to be held in our school hall on Friday. The party will start at 5:00
pm and last about two hours. I'd like to invite you to attend it with me.
We can watch wonderful performances given by the freshmen and the students in Grade Two and Three.
Moreover, we will have a chance to enjoy delicious food. Most importantly, you can make many new friends
there.
I would be very delighted if you could accept my invitation. Looking forward to seeing you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你校将举办一场迎新晚会，请给你校交换Peter写一封邮件，邀请他参加。
1.词汇积累
开始：begin→start
参加：participate in→attend
高兴的：happy→delighted
此外：in addition→moreover
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We can watch wonderful performances given by the freshmen and the students in Grade Two and Three.
拓展句：We can watch wonderful performances, which will be given by the freshmen and the students in Grade
Two and Three.
[高分句型1] We can watch wonderful performances given by the freshmen and the students in Grade Two and
Three. (运用了过去分词作定语)
[高分句型2] I would be very delighted if you could accept my invitation. (运用了it引导条件状语从句)
8．Dear Linda,
How is everything going? I'm writing to sincerely invite you to participate in the training course of Chinese
folk dance organized by our school. The details are as follows.
With the intention of adding fun to our school life, as well as arousing our interest in folk culture, this
training course is offered as a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person. By attending the
course once a week, you will be able to not only shape your body, but also have a better understanding of Chinese
culture. What’s more, there will be various kinds of activities to enjoy, such as appreciating dance masters’
performances, attending lectures themed folk dance, to name a few. I guarantee that once you come, you will
never regret.
Your early reply will be highly appreciated.
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生朋友Linda写封邮件，邀请她参加学校举办的
中国民族舞培训班。
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 说明写信目的；
2. 进行活动介绍；
3. 表达回复期待。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
invite you to participate in; Chinese folk dance organized by our school; as follows; with the intention of; as well
as; arouse our interest; as a perfect opportunity; in person; be able to; shape your body; various kinds of;
appreciate dance masters’ performances; to name a few
第三步：连词成句
1.I'm writing to sincerely invite you to participate in the training course of Chinese folk dance organized by our
school.
2.With the intention of adding fun to our school life, as well as arousing our interest in folk culture, this training
course is offered as a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person.
3.What’s more, there will be various kinds of activities to enjoy, such as appreciating dance masters’
performances, attending lectures themed folk dance, to name a few.
4.Your early reply will be highly appreciated.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
表并列补充关系：What’s more, as well as, not only…but (also)
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
[高分句型1] With the intention of adding fun to our school life, as well as arousing our interest in folk culture,
this training course is offered as a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person.（含有with复
合结构和被动语态及to do不定式作后置定语）
[高分句型2] I guarantee that once you come, you will never regret.（宾语从句中包含条件状语从句）
9．Dear Eric,
How is everything going? I'm writing to invite you to the Grand art and cultural show to be held in our
school hall on the evening of Sept.5.
With the aim of celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of our motherland and singing praise of
great achievements we have achieved over the past seven decades, the show will put on a variety of amazing
performances such as singing, dancing and reciting classics. I believe these colorful performances will leave a
favorable impression on all international students like you.From where I stand, the show is extremely meaningful. Not only does it enable us to get a better
understanding of our motherland, but also it inspires us to work harder and make great contributions to our
country.
If you are interested, please let me know. Looking forward to your arrival.
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作分析】本文是一篇电子邮件。
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。
第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件为庆祝新中国成立七十周年，你们学校即将举办一次大型
文艺汇演（Grand Art and Cultural Show）。假如你是李华，请给你们学校留学生Eric写一封邮件，邀请他
参加观看。内容包括：1. 汇演时间和地点；2. 汇演内容和意义。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词
（组），如：the Grand art and cultural show（文艺汇演）；With the aim of celebrating the 70th anniversary
of the founding of our motherland and singing praise of great achievements（以庆祝祖国成立70周年为目标，
歌颂祖国取得的伟大成就）；over the past seven decades（在最近七十年里）；From where I stand（以我看
来）；等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁
美观的卷面是非常重要的。
10．Dear Michael,
Thanks for asking me to make a speech during the school cultural festival. And I’m writing to tell you about
my plan. I’d like to speak about traditional Chinese festivals and how Chinese people celebrate them. As is
known, traditional Chinese culture is becoming more and more popular in the world. As the important part of it,
traditional Chinese festivals and their ways of celebration have been attracting more foreigners.
I hope my speech can help more people have a better understanding of Chinese culture. I’m looking forward
to the school cultural festival.
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作分析】本文是应用文。要求考生给学校文化节活动负责人Michael写一封感谢信。
1.词汇积累
感谢：Thanks/thank you
众所周知：As is known/as we all know
2.句式拓展简单句变复合句
简单句：As the important part of it, traditional Chinese festivals and their ways of celebration have been
attracting more foreigners.
拓展句：Traditional Chinese festivals and their ways of celebration, which are the important part of it,have been
attracting more foreigners.
【高分句型1】I’d like to speak about traditional Chinese festivals and how Chinese people celebrate them.（由
how引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】As is known, traditional Chinese culture is becoming more and more popular in the world.（由as
引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型3】I hope my speech can help more people have a better understanding of Chinese culture.（由省略
连词that引导的宾语从句）
11．Dear Smith,
I’m Li Jin, president of the Student Union of our school. Having learned that you are looking for a guide for
your visit to our local museum this weekend, I am writing to recommend myself.
With a good command of English and outgoing personality, I think I will be a good guide for you. Besides, I
have gained some relevant experience while working as a volunteer in the museum. Additionally, as a history
lover, my insight into the local history and culture is bound to make your visit enjoyable and unforgettable.
Your consideration of my recommendation will be highly appreciated and I hope you will have a good
weekend!
Yours,
Li Jin
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的推荐信。要求考生给外教Mr. Smith写信，向其推荐自己做他
的向导，陪他去当地博物馆游览。
1.词汇积累
此外：besides → what’s more
获得：gain→ obtain/get
洞察力：insight → perception
愉快的：enjoyable→ pleasant/delightful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m Li Jin, president of the Student Union of our school.
拓展句：I’m Li Jin, who is president of the Student Union of our school.【高分句型1】Having learned that you are looking for a guide for your visit to our local museum this weekend,
I am writing to recommend myself.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】With a good command of English and outgoing personality, I think I will be a good guide for you.
（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）
12．Dear Peter，
Glad to receive your last letter，in which you said that you were very interested in Chinese family culture
and wanted to know more. Here I’d like to share something concerned with you.
As you know，family culture has been playing an important role in Chinese history，through which many
great minds were developed and made great contributions to the society. Some traditional notions，such as
upholding the family honor and respecting ancestors，are greatly valued and handed down generation after
generation，which are an eventually essential part of Chinese culture. In new era，new ideas，such as fairness
and freedom，have been put forward to guide us to strive for a new life. Additionally，a good book in this
respect named Customs and Traditions of China can tell you more.
Looking forward to your reply and feedback after your reading the book.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
【写作分析】本文是一封回信。
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封回信。
第1步：根据提示可知，本篇要求假定你是李华，你的英国网友Peter来信说他对中国家族文化很感兴趣，
想进一步了解。请你给他回信，内容包括：1. 家族文化的重要性；2. 传统观念（光宗耀祖、尊祖敬宗
等）；3. 新时代价值（不少于两点）；4. 好书推荐：Customs and Traditions of China。确定时态应为现在
时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：Chinese family culture（家族文化），play an important
role in Chinese history（在中国历史上发挥重要作用），traditional notions（传统观念），upholding the
family honor and respecting ancestors（光宗耀祖、尊祖敬宗），in new era（在新时代），a good book in
this respect（这方面的好书）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁
美观的卷面是非常重要的。
写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，主次分明，详略得当，语言力求准确、简洁。同时应选用合适的连
接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。13．
Notice
The closing ceremony of the summer camp is scheduled to be held at the auditorium next Friday night.
Various forms of English performances are wanted, ranging from sweet songs and graceful dances to vivid plays
and humorous talk shows. It is a good platform where you can showcase your talents and have fun at the same
time. If interested, please sign up on the school website before this Sunday. All the candidates are required to go
through a careful selection process next Monday, so remember to get your performance ready in advance.
Students union
August 10th, 2021
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生代表学生会用英语写一则书面通知，告知全体同学下周英语冬令营
举行闭营晚会的相关内容。
1.词汇积累
安排：arrange→schedule
各种各样的：a variety of→various
优雅的：elegant→graceful
玩的开心：have a good time→have fun
2.句型拓展
同义句
原句：All the candidates are required to go through a careful selection process next Monday, so remember to get
your performance ready in advance.
拓展句：It is required that all the candidates go through a careful selection process next Monday, so remember to
get your performance ready in advance.
[高分句型1] It is a good platform where you can showcase your talents and have fun at the same time. （运用了
where引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]If interested, please sign up on the school website before this Sunday. （运用了状语从句的省略）
14．
Notice
Due to the epidemic, our school choir intends to mount an online concert on New Year’s Day, a fascinating
music carnival, aiming to kindle the students’ passion for such a grand traditional festival.
As scheduled, the concert can be feasted through the school website from 8 o’clock sharp that evening and
lasts for two hours, which opens up a world of Chinese feature for the audience. It will start with a fantastic folkdance, followed by various performances ranging from singing popular songs to playing musical instruments.
Amazingly, the headmaster will show up personally to extend his warmest festive greetings, which will push the
concert to its climax.
Any music lover is welcome to such a superb tailored event, which promises to resonate with every
enthusiast.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在报纸上刊登一则通知，向同学介绍你校将于元旦举办云
端音乐会，包括时间、地点和活动安排。
1.词汇积累
由于：due to→on no account
激起（兴趣、感情等）：kindle→arouse
各种各样的：various→a variety of
亲自：personally→in person
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Due to the epidemic, our school choir intends to mount an online concert on New Year’s Day, a fascinating
music carnival, aiming to kindle the students’ passion for such a grand traditional festival.
拓展句：Due to the epidemic, our school choir intends to mount an online concert on New Year’s Day, a
fascinating music carnival, whose aim is to kindle the students’ passion for such a grand traditional festival.
【高分句型1】As scheduled, the concert can be feasted through the school website from 8 o’clock sharp that
evening and lasts for two hours, which opens up a world of Chinese feature for the audience. (运用了which引导
的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Amazingly, the headmaster will show up personally to extend his warmest festive greetings,
which will push the concert to its climax. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
