专题07 定语从句和名词性从句
1.（2025 年全国高考一卷）
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese,
____53____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称
为“围棋”），它起源4000 多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in
Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which 引导。故填which。
2.（2025 年全国高考二卷）
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China
with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains,
chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山
上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行
词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where 引导。
故填where。
3. （2025 年1 月浙江首考）Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing,
____63____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings
abroad, with a longer-term rental period.
【答案】which
【63 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装，而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服，她计划将这些服装打包
成胶囊衣橱，提供给旅行者，比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人，并提供更长期的租赁服务。“____ she
plans to package as capsule wardrobes”是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词less formal clothing，指物，关系词
将其代入从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which 引导从句。故填which。
4.（2025 高考北京卷）The truth, though, is ____13____ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here.
Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest.
【答案】what
【13 题详解】
考查表语从句引导词。句意：不过，真相正如所料 —— 这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句，从句
中缺少主语，指物，用what 引导，what 在从句中作主语，意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。
5.（2025 高考北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion
tons of food waste last year, ____19____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.
【答案】which
【19 题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13 亿
吨的食物垃圾，约占2024 年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion
tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which 引导。故填which。
1.（2024·新高考I 卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the
plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing ( 追溯) the steps along the Silk Route
________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening
in England.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff 补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽
头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生
栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行
词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which 或that 引导从句。故填which/that。
2.（2024·新高考II 卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the
Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的
故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang
Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who 引导。故填who。
3.（2024·新高考II 卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make
them the most money.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从
句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that 或which。故填that/which。
4.（2024·新高考II 卷） If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll
promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句
中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
1.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today,
__
Rachel Carson says in “A Fable
for Tomorrow”.
【答案】 as
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具
有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as 引导。故填as。
2.（2023·全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-
Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _________ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national
park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指
物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。
3.（2023·全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America,
__
all life seemed to enjoy
peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old
fables.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的
环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先
行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
4.（2023·全国甲卷）She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun.
【答案】what→which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她甚至播放了一些它们唱歌的录音，这很有趣。此处非限制性定语从句修
饰singing，从句缺少主语，指物，在故what 改为which。
5.（2023·全国甲卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place________ welcome the fast-paced
development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings
of the past.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词place，定语从句中关系词充当主语，指代先行词place,故选用关系代词
that 或which。
6.（2023·全国乙卷） The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color looked
just perfect.
【答案】 that → whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看
起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair 的定语，应用关系代词
whose 引导。故that 改为whose。
7.（2023·新高考II 卷）This is ___
__
___
they need an English trainer.
【答案】 why
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从
句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要
英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why 引导表语从句。故填why。
