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专题11 名词辨析(天津专用)
【高考典例】
1．The children are encouraged to follow their natural
, and learn about what interests them.
A．curiosity
B．balance
C．defence
D．limitation
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们被鼓励去追随自己天生的好奇心，去探索他们感兴趣的事物。
A. curiosity 好奇心；B. balance 平衡；C. defence 防御；D. limitation 限制。根据后文“and learn about what
interests them”指鼓励孩子追随自己的好奇心。故选A。
2．Spring Festival is a time of good cheer in the _________ of family and friends.
A．company
B．absence
C．shape
D．attempt
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：春节是亲朋好友团聚相伴的欢乐时光。A. company 陪伴；
B. absence 缺席；C. shape 形状；D. attempt 尝试。根据后文“of family and friends”可知，此处指亲朋好友
团聚相伴。故选A。
3．The bottle is quite difficult to open; the _________ is to pour hot water on it first.
A．focus
B．target
C．function
D．trick
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个瓶子很难打开；诀窍是先把热水倒在上面。A. focus 焦点；B.
target 目标；C. function 功能；D. trick 诀窍。由“pour hot water on it first”可知，空格处应表达“诀窍”，
故用trick，作主语。故选D。
4．The British romantic poet William Wordsworth grew up in the Lake District,which was a great ________ of
inspiration for his poems.
A．discovery
B．form
C．source
D．symbol
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国浪漫主义诗人威廉·华兹华斯在湖区长大，湖区是他诗歌创作的
重要源泉。A. discovery 发现；B. form 形式；C. source 来源，源泉；D. symbol 象征。由下文“of
inspiration for his poems.”可知，湖区是他诗歌创作的重要源泉。故选C。
5．When people are depressed, some experience a loss of________ while others can’t stop eating.
A．appetite
B．power
C．memory
D．sight
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们郁闷时，有些人会失去食欲，而有些人却忍不住暴饮暴食。
A. appetite 食欲；B. power 权利；C. memory 记忆；D. sight 视力。结合后文while others can’t stop eating 表
示对比，可知，前文表意与暴饮暴食相反，即毫无食欲。A 项符合句意。故选A 项。
6．In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer ________.
A．system
B．method
C．investment
D．environment
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词。句意：在实验室里，保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更安全的环境。A.
system 体系，系统；B. method 方法；C. investment 投资；D. environment 环境。根据常识可知，保持物品
清洁有序可以创造更安全的实验环境（environment）。故选D 项。
7．The newspaper gave an accurate ________ of what happened the night before last.
A．example
B．display
C．signal
D．account
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：报纸对前天晚上发生的事作了准确的报道。A. example 例子；B.
display 展示；C. signal 信号；D. account 账户，解释。根据后文“of what happened the night before last”可
知指报纸对前天晚上发生的事做了准确的解释报道，应用account。故选D。
8．Great improvements in public health have been brought about by ________ in medical science.
A．traditions
B．advances
C．pressures
D．examples
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：医学的进步带来了公共健康的巨大改善。A. traditions 传统；B.
advances 前进，进步；C. pressures 压力；D. examples 例子。根据上文“Great improvements in public health
have been brought about”可知，公共健康的巨大改善是由医学的进步带来的，advances 符合语境。故选
B。
9．His vivid descriptions of country life quickly became popular, which established his _____________as one of
America's greatest writers.
A．trust
B．contact
C．reputation
D．theory
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对乡村生活的生动描述迅速流行起来，这树立了他作为美国伟大
作家之一的声誉。A. trust 信任；B. contact 联系；C. reputation 声誉；D. theory 理论。根据句意，尤其是
greatest writers 可知此处用reputation“声誉”符合语境，故选C 项。
10．Can we stop the ______ of the world’s deserts and save the land that man depends so much on?
A．loss
B．heat
C．spread
D．defence
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们能阻止世界上沙漠的蔓延，拯救人类如此依赖的土地吗?A. loss
丢失；B. heat 热量；C. spread 蔓延；D. defence 防御。由“the world’s deserts and save the land”可知，
spread“蔓延”符合句意。故选C 项。
【习题综合练习】
11．All the people were waiting with ________ for the news of the tourists’ safe arrival.
A．excitement
B．curiosity
C．desire
D．anxiety
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有人都焦急地等待着游客安全抵达的消息。A. excitement 兴奋；B.
curiosity 好奇；C. desire 渴望；D. anxiety 焦虑，焦急。根据题干中“for the news of the tourists’ safe
arrival”（等待游客安全抵达的消息）的语境可知，人们此时的心情是“焦急的”。故选D。
12．He decided to adopt a different___________ and teach history through story-telling.
A．attitude
B．approach
C．analysis
D．angle
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定采用一种不同的方法，通过讲故事来教授历史。A. attitude 态
度；B. approach 方法；C. analysis 分析；D. angle 角度。根据“teach history through story-telling”可知，他
打算用讲故事的方式来教历史，这是一种教学方法，而不是态度、分析或角度。用名词approach 来表示
“方法”是最合适的。故选B 项。
13．The security team conducted a thorough ________ of the entire facility to ensure no unauthorized (未授权
的) personnel had entered.
A．survey
B．study
C．inspection
D．exploration
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安保团队对整个设施进行了彻底的检查，以确保没有未授权人员进
入。A. survey 调查(通常指针对情况、意见的调研)；B. study 研究(侧重学术或深入分析)；C. inspection 检
查(尤指为确保安全、合规的核查)；D. exploration 探索(多指对未知区域的探寻)。由语意可知，安保团队
的行为是为了排查未授权人员，属于安全核查类的检查，inspection 符合语境。故选C 项。
14．The burning of fuels such as oil and coal has made a bad ________ on the Earth’s environment.
A．reputation
B．impact
C．contribution
D．impression
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：石油和煤炭等燃料的燃烧对地球环境造成了不良影响。A. reputation
名声；B. impact 影响；C. contribution 贡献；D. impression 印象。根据The burning of fuels 以及常识可知，
燃料燃烧会对环境造成不良影响，make a bad impact on 是固定搭配，意为“对……产生不良影响”，符
合语境。故选B。
15．He gave himself a new name to hide his ________ when he went to carry out the secret task.
A．emotion
B．talent
C．treasure
D．identity
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他去执行秘密任务时，他给自己取了一个新名字来隐藏自己的身
份。A. emotion 情绪；B. talent 天赋；C. treasure 财富；D. identity 身份。根据“when he went to carry out
the secret task”可知，执行秘密任务时取新名字是为了隐藏“身份”，应用名词identity，作hide 的宾语。
故选D。
16．Many people in business think not wearing a suit and tie will make a bad _________ on clients and
customers.
A．impression
B．suggestion
C．decision
D．judgment
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多商界人士认为，不穿西装、不打领带会给客户和顾客留下不好
的印象。A. impression 印象；B. suggestion 建议；C. decision 决定；D. judgment 判断。根据上文“Many
people in business think not wearing a suit and tie”可知，着装与给人留下印象有关，故选A。
17．J. K. Rowling provides a fascinating _________ of her journey from her humble beginnings in a small
country cafe to becoming a globally known author, inspiring millions.
A．target
B．account
C．experiment
D．intention
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：J.K.罗琳生动地讲述了她从在乡村小咖啡馆的卑微起步到成为全球知
名作家的历程，激励了数百万人。A. target 目标；B. account 描述；叙述；C. experiment 实验；D.
intention 意图；打算。根据题干中的“her journey from...to becoming a globally known author”（她从……
到成为全球知名作家的历程）可知，此处是指对这段历程的“叙述”，B 项account 符合语境，provide an
account of 为固定搭配，意为“描述……”。故选B。
18．—What were your first ______ of your English teacher?
—She was patient.
A．connection
B．motivation
C．permission
D．impression
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你对英语老师的第一印象是什么？——她很有耐心。A.
connection 连接；B. motivation 动机；C. permission 允许；D. impression 印象。根据答语“She was patient.”
可知，此处询问对英语老师的第一印象，用impression，first impression 为固定短语，意为“第一印象”。
故选D。
19．Doing morning exercises is ______ to your body.
A．harm
B．harmful
C．beneficial
D．benefit
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：做早操对你的身体有益。A. harm 伤害（名词/动词）；B.
harmful 有害的（形容词）；C. beneficial 有益的（形容词）；D. benefit 益处/有益于（名词/动词）。根据
句子结构，be 动词后需接形容词作表语，结合常识，做早操对身体是“有益的”，而非“有害的”。故
选C 项。
20．It is important to raise people’s ________ of saving food. Food waste shouldn’t be allowed.
A．objection
B．satisfaction
C．curiosity
D．awareness
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：提高人们节约食物的意识非常重要。不应允许食物浪费现象的发生。
A. objection 反对；B. satisfaction 满足；C. curiosity 好奇心；D. awareness 意识。句子后半句强调“不应允
许食物浪费”，前半句的逻辑是“提高人们节约食物的意识很重要”，名词awareness 符合语境。故选
D。
21．The museum opens at 9:30 am and ________ is free.
A．admission
B．ambition
C．direction
D．recognition
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：博物馆上午9 点30 分开放，免费入场。A. admission 进入，准许加入；
B. ambition 雄心，野心；C. direction 方向，趋势；D. recognition 认识，识别。根据“The museum”和“is
free”可知，admission“进入，准许加入”符合题意，表示博物馆免费入场。故选A。
22．Reform of the evaluation process for educational performance is vital to balanced _________ of education
resources.
A．transformation B．distribution
C．reputation
D．investigation
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：教育绩效评估流程的改革，对教育资源的均衡分配至关重要。A.
transformation 转变、变革；B. distribution 分配、分布；C. reputation 声誉、名声；D. investigation 调查、
研究。根据“Reform of the evaluation process for educational performance”可知，此处指的是教育评估改革，
所以应是使教育资源均衡，需将资源的分配平衡，“distribution”表示“资源的分配、分布”符合语境。
故选B 项。
23．History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us ________ into entire worlds that
would otherwise be foreign to us.
A．diagram
B．enquiry
C．priority
D．insight
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：历史有潜力打破这些界限，让我们洞悉那些原本对我们来说陌生的
整个世界。A. diagram 图表；B. enquiry 询问、调查；C. priority 优先事项；D. insight 深刻理解、洞悉。根
据“break down those boundaries”（打破这些界限）和“into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to
us”（深入那些原本陌生的世界）可知，历史能让我们对陌生世界有深入的认知，insight 常与介词into 搭
配，构成insight into“对……的洞悉”，符合语境。故选D。
24．These activities will contribute to promoting the full and equal ________ of all women in various fields in
society.
A．donation
B．participation
C．distribution
D．qualification
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些活动将有助于促进所有女性在社会各个领域的充分平等参与。
A. donation 捐赠；捐款；B. participation 参与；参加；C. distribution 分配；分布；D. qualification 资格；资
历。根据“promoting the full and equal”以及“in various fields in society”可知，这些活动将有助于促进所有
女性在社会各个领域的充分平等参与，故选B。
25．We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our ________.
A．benefits
B．processes
C．crowds
D．failures
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们常常会为自己身上的缺点、所犯的错误以及遭遇的失败而感到
羞愧。A. benefits 好处；B. processes 过程；C. crowds 人群；D. failures 失败。根据上文“shortcomings, our
mistakes and our”可知，指为自己身上的缺点、所犯的错误以及遭遇的失败而感到羞愧。故选D。
26．His speech was frequently interrupted by thunderous ________.
A．laughter
B．belief
C．applause
D．support
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的演讲不断被雷鸣般的掌声打断。A. laughter 笑声；B. belief 信念；
C. applause 掌声；D. support 支持。结合“His speech was frequently interrupted”可知，在演讲场合，被“雷
鸣般的掌声”打断是常见的情况，用applause。故选C。
27．Despite the immense challenges and pressure she faced, the scientist maintained her ______ throughout the
investigation.
A．liberty
B．charity
C．curiosity
D．dignity
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大的挑战和压力，这位科学家在整个调查过程中始终保
持着尊严。A. liberty 自由；B. charity 慈善；C. curiosity 好奇心；D. dignity 尊严。由句意可知，科学家遭
遇了挑战与压力，但仍坚守某种品质，“dignity”（尊严）符合“困境中保持自身品格”的语境。故选D
项。
28．To raise people’s ________ of protecting the monarch butterfly, scientists have been doing researches on this
wonderful creature.
A．eagerness
B．impression
C．amazement
D．awareness
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了提高人们对黑脉金斑蝶的认识，科学家们一直在研究这种美丽
的生灵。A. eagerness 渴望；B. impression 印象；C. amazement 惊讶；D. awareness 意识。根据
“scientists have been doing researches on this wonderful creature”可知，科学家们想提高人们对黑脉金斑蝶
的意识。故选 D 项。
29．With the continuous ________ of its overseas markets, the local enterprise has gradually become a well-
known brand in the international field.
A．extension
B．explosion
C．expansion
D．exposure
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着海外市场的不断拓展，本土企业逐渐成为国际知名品牌。A.
extension 延伸；B. explosion 爆炸；C. expansion 扩张；D. exposure 暴露。根据后文“the local enterprise
has gradually become a well-known brand in the international field”可知，本土企业逐渐成为国际知名品牌，
应是因为海外市场的不断扩张。故选C 项。
30．While we are living, we tend to get distracted by unimportant things, such as gathering material ________.
A．assumptions
B．recognitions
C．possessions
D．restorations
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们的生活中，我们往往会被一些不重要的事情分心，比如积累
物质财富。A. assumptions 假设、假定；B. recognitions 认可、识别；C. possessions 财产、财物；D.
restorations 修复、恢复。material 修饰空格名词，结合“积累”的语境，“possessions”表示“物质财产、
财物”，符合“被积累物质财富这类不重要的事情分心”的逻辑。故选C 项。
31．When people are depressed,some experience a loss of________ while others can’t stop eating.
A．advance
B．power
C．sight
D．appetite
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们情绪低落时，有些人会失去食欲，而另一些人则会忍不住暴
饮暴食。A. advance 前进；进展；B. power 力量；权力；C. sight 视力；景象；D. appetite 食欲；胃口。根
据“while others can’t stop eating (而另一些人则会忍不住暴饮暴食)”的对比关系可知，此处指“失去食
欲”，appetite 符合语境。故选D 项。
32．The two witnesses’ ________ of the accident completely conflicted with each other.
A．existence
B．accounts
C．application
D．sight
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两名目击者对这起事故的描述完全相互矛盾。A. existence 存在；B.
accounts 描述、叙述；C. application 申请、应用；D. sight 视力、景象。根据“conflicted with each other”可
知，两名目击者对这起事故的描述完全相互矛盾。故选B。
33．The school has a system of _______ and punishments to encourage good behavior.
A．prices
B．funds
C．profits
D．rewards
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校有一套奖惩制度来鼓励良好行为。A. prices 价格；B. funds 资金；
C. profits 利润；D. rewards 奖励。根据“and punishments”以及“to encourage good behavior”可知，此空应
是奖励。故选D。
34．This kind and generous man created ________ for the homeless and promoted education and services for
people in need.
A．complexity
B．emergency
C．awards
D．shelters
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位善良又慷慨的男士为无家可归者搭建了庇护所，并为有需要的
人推动了教育普及与相关服务。A. complexity 复杂性；复杂的事物；B. emergency 紧急情况；突发事件；
C. awards 奖品；奖励；D. shelters 庇护所；避难处。根据“for the homeless”可知，为无家可归者建造庇护
所。故选D。
35．China’s Victory Day commemorations have strengthened the nation’s________and confidence in building a
strong country.
A．compassion
B．resolve
C．assurance
D．declaration
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国的胜利日纪念活动，增强了全国人民建设强国的决心和信心。
A. compassion 同情，怜悯；B. resolve 决心，坚定的意志；C. assurance 保证，确信；D. declaration 宣布，
声明。根据“and confidence（和信心）”可知，此处与“信心”形成并列，“resolve”表示“为实现目标
而坚定的决心”符合语境。故选B 项。
36．To tell the truth, I didn’t get much of a(n) ________ of the town because it was dark when I drove through it.
A．tradition
B．distinction
C．explanation
D．impression
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我对这个城镇没有太多的印象，因为当我开车穿过的时候
天已经黑了。A. tradition 传统；B. distinction 区别，差别；C. explanation 解释；D. impression 印象。根据
“because it was dark when I drove through it”可知，因为天太黑，所以没有看清城镇，也就没有留下太多
印象，名词impression 符合语境。故选D 项。
37．The rich man often provides the local poor people with free food and money, so they are very thankful for his
________.
A．adventure
B．generosity
C．passion
D．evil
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位富人经常给当地穷人提供免费的食物和钱，所以他们对他的慷
慨非常感激。A. adventure 冒险；B. generosity 慷慨；C. passion 激情；D. evil 邪恶。根据上文“The rich
man often provides the local poor people with free food and money”可知，这位富人经常给当地穷人提供免费
的食物和钱，这体现出了他的慷慨，所以穷人对他的慷慨非常感激，B 选项符合句意。故选B。
38．The company’s ________ of the new product was a huge success.
A．manufacture
B．purchase
C．distribution
D．input
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司对新产品的分销取得了巨大成功。A. manufacture 制造；B.
purchase 购买；C. distribution 经销，分销；D. input 输入。根据“the new product”和“a huge success”可推
知，这里说的是新产品在市场上的推广情况，名词distribution 有“分销、配送”的意思，符合语境，即
新产品的分销取得了巨大成功。故选C 项。
39．The ________ of the new policy has caused a lot of public discussion.
A．intrigue
B．substance
C．implementation
D．vessel
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：新政策的实施引起了公众的广泛讨论。A. intrigue 阴谋；B. substance
物质；C. implementation 实施；D. vessel 船。根据“of the new policy”可知，此处是指新政策的实施，名
词implementation 符合题意。故选C。
40．She has a natural ________ for music and can play many instruments
A．potential
B．obstacle
C．phase
D．distribution
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她天生就有音乐方面的潜力，而且还能演奏多种乐器。A. potential
潜力；B. obstacle 障碍；C. phase 阶段；D. distribution 分配。根据后文“for music and can play many
instruments”指有音乐方面的潜力。故选A。
41．While parents have ________ over their young children, it’s important to also listen to the children’s
thoughts and feelings.
A．authority
B．advantage
C．association
D．responsibility
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然父母对年幼的孩子有权威，但倾听孩子的想法和感受也很重要。
A. authority 权威；B. advantage 优势；C. association 联系，协会；D. responsibility 责任。根据句意及后文
“it’s important to also listen to the children’s thoughts and feelings”可知，此处指的是父母对孩子有权威，但
是也要倾听孩子的想法和感受，authority 符合语境。故选A 项。
42．I have learned a lot from my mother: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and ________ need
builders.
A．applicants
B．athletes
C．architects
D．amateurs
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从我的母亲那里学到了很多：出版商需要打印机，工程师需要机
械师，建筑师需要建造者。A. applicants 申请人；B. athletes 运动员；C. architects 建筑师；D. amateurs 业
余爱好者。由need builders 可知，句子表示“建筑师需要建造者”，空格处意为“建筑师”。故选C。
43．Nowadays it’s easier for students to gain to good learning resources online.
A．rejection
B．function
C．access
D．permission
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，学生们更容易通过网络获取优质的学习资源。A. rejection 拒
绝；B. function 功能；C. access 通道，机会；D. permission 许可。根据后文“to good learning resources”可
知短语gain access to，意为“获得……的机会/权利，能够接触到”符合语境。故选C。
44．Try to understand what is really happening instead of acting on the ________ you have made.
A．association
B．assumption
C．consumption
D．intervention
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：试着去理解真正正在发生的事情，而不是基于你所做的假设行事。
A. association 关联，协会，联合；B. assumption 假设，假定；C. consumption 消费；D. intervention 干预，
介入。根据句意及“instead of”可知，空处应与“what is really happening”形成对比，表示“基于你所做的
假设行事”，B 选项assumption 符合句意。故选B。
45．The burning of fuels such as oil and coal has made a bad ________ on the Earth’s environment.
A．reputation
B．contribution
C．impact
D．impression
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：燃烧石油和煤等燃料对地球环境造成了不良影响。A. reputation 名声；
声誉；B. contribution 贡献；C. impact 影响；作用；D. impression 印象。make an impact on 对……产生影
响。根据“The burning of fuels such as oil and coal”可知，燃料燃烧对地球环境有重大且负面的影响。故选
C。
46．After years of dedicated work in the field of environmental protection, Dr. Wang finally received
international ______ for her contributions.
A．application
B．assumption
C．intention
D．recognition
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在环境保护领域多年的潜心工作之后，王博士终于因其贡献获得了国际
认可。A. application 申请；应用；B. assumption 假设；C. intention 意图；目的；D. recognition 认可；赞誉。
根据“After years of dedicated work in the field of environmental protection”以及“for her contributions”可知，
王博士在环境保护领域工作多年，因其贡献而获得国际上的认可，用名词recognition 作宾语。故选D 项。
47．Welcome to take Tianjin Metro Line 6! Next station is ANSHANXIDAO! Please mind the ________
between the train and the platform when you get off the train.
A．space
B．gap
C．room
D．area
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：欢迎乘坐天津地铁6 号线！下一站是安山西道！下车时请注意列车
与站台之间的距离。A. space 空间；B. gap 缝隙；C. room 房间；D. area 区域。根据后文“between the
train and the platform when you get off the train”可知，此处是指列车与站台之间的空隙。故选B。
48．These are some of the Olympic athletes who have brought joy to people across the world with their
_________ to push the boundaries of human achievement.
A．adventures
B．accidents
C．attempts
D．attacks
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些奥运选手通过努力突破人类成就极限，为全球人民带来了欢乐。A.
adventures 冒险；B. accidents 意外，事故；C. attempts 尝试，努力；D. attacks 攻击。根据上文“who have
brought joy to people across the world ”可知，奥运选手通过努力突破人类成就极限，为全球人民带来了欢
乐。故选C 项。
49．Try to understand what is really happening instead of acting on the ________ you have made.
A．association
B．consumption
C．assumption
D．intervention
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：试着了解到底发生了什么，而不是根据你的假设行事。A. association
联系，协会；B. consumption 消耗，消费；C. assumption 假设；D. intervention 干预，干涉。由“Try to
understand what is really happening instead of acting on”以及语意可知，此句指“要理解真正发生了什么，
而不是根据你做出的假设采取行动”，assumption 符合句意。故选C 项。
50．Those who are full of _______ always come up with fresh ideas.
A．introduction
B．innovation
C．interaction
D．intention
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些充满创新的人总是能想出新鲜的想法。A. introduction 介绍；B.
innovation 创新；C. interaction 互动；D. intention 意图。根据“come up with fresh ideas”可知，此处指“充
满创新的人”，B 选项符合句意。故选B。
51．More ________ between the teacher and the students is taking place in the classroom with the teaching
reform.
A．amusement
B．interaction
C．examination
D．entertainment
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着教学改革的进行，课堂上老师和学生之间有了更多的互动。A.
amusement 娱乐；B. interaction 互动；C. examination 考试；D. entertainment 娱乐节目。根据“with the
teaching reform”可推知，教学改革会促进课堂上老师与学生之间的交流互动。所以，名词interaction 最符
合此处语境。故选B 项。
52．When coming across a word you don’t know, you can try to guess the meaning of the word from the ______.
A．context
B．access
C．creativity
D．approach
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：遇到不认识的单词时，你可以试着根据上下文猜单词的意思。A.
context 上下文；B. access 通道，机会；C. creativity 创造力；D. approach 方式，方法。根据前文“guess
the meaning of the word”可知，此处指“根据上下文猜单词意思”。故选A 项。
53．If we order this English-Chinese dictionary in large quantities from the bookstore, they will consider giving
us a _________of at least 10%.
A．discount
B．bargain
C．budget
D．reward
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们从书店大量订购这本英汉词典，他们会考虑给我们至少
10%的折扣。A. discount 折扣；B. bargain 讨价还价；C. budget 预算；D. reward 奖励。根据in large
quantities 及常识可知，如果大量订购，一般会有优惠，此处指英汉词典会有10%的折扣。故选A。
54．The TV series Flight to You has received a lot of positive________ from the audience.
A．reviews
B．previews
C．revisions
D．proposals
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：电视剧《向风而行》获得了很多观众的好评。A. reviews 评论；B.
previews 预演；C. revisions 修订；D. proposals 提议。结合下文“from the audience”可知，此次是指得到了
观众的好评。故选A。
55．Having the courage to be disliked does not mean that you can use your weaknesses as an ________ for not
improving yourself.
A．capacity
B．excuse
C．passion
D．demand
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词。句意：有不被人喜欢的勇气，并不意味着你可以把自己的弱点作为不提高自己的借
口。A. capacity 能力；B. excuse 借口；C. passion 热情；D. demand 命令。结合句意可知，能接受自己不被
人喜欢并不能作为借口。故选B 项。
56．To our delight, the boy who shows great _______ in playing football has been admitted to the university for
his talent.
A．choice
B．respect
C．addition
D．promise
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们高兴的是，那个在踢足球方面大有前途的男孩因他的天赋被
大学录取了。A. choice 选择；B. respect 尊重、尊敬；C. addition 增加；B. promise 前途、获得成功的迹
象、承诺。根据句意，这个男孩被大学录取是因为他在足球方面的天赋，说明他在踢足球方面是大有前
途的。故选D。
57．These biological discoveries all help us understand the ________ for life on our planet, even in the most
extreme circumstances.
A．component
B．coverage
C．capacity
D．comprehension
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些生物学上的发现都有助于我们了解地球上生命的存在能力，即
使是在最极端的环境下。A. component 成分；B. coverage 报道；C. capacity 能力；D. comprehension 理解。
由“even in the most extreme circumstances”可知，句子表示“这些生物学上的发现都有助于我们了解地球
上生命的存在能力，即使是在最极端的环境下”，空格处意为“能力”。故选C。
58．A much better way must be found to achieve an equal _____ of the resources.
A．distribution
B．contribution
C．catalogue
D．separation
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：必须找到一个更好的办法来平均分配资源。A. distribution 分配；B.
contribution 贡献；C. catalogue 目录（簿）；D. separation 分离，分开。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考
查名词distribution，意为“分配，分发”。故选A。
59．Scientists claim that this technical ______ will save us much time and labor. It’s a breakthrough.
A．innovation
B．qualification
C．expectation
D．association
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家声称，这项技术创新将为我们节省大量时间和劳动力。这是
一个突破。A. innovation 创新；B. qualification 资格；C. expectation 期望；D. association 联系。根据“ It’s
a breakthrough”可知，突破应该是指这项技术创新。故选A 项。
60．I have always regarded him as a man of _____ for he never takes advantage of others.
A．loyalty
B．generosity
C．wisdom
D．integrity
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直认为他是个正直的人，因为他从不占别人的便宜。A. loyalty
忠诚；B. generosity 慷慨；C. wisdom 智慧；D. integrity 正直。根据句意可知，他从不占别人的便宜，由此
可知，他是一个正直的人，“integrity”意为“正直”，符合语境。故选D 项。
